ABCD General Training Material

Power Plant Training Center Mannheim / Germany TC-ICO-1.10-A-En

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Introduction into Control System for Power Plants

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ABCD General Training Material

Power Plant Training Center Mannheim / Germany TC-ICO-1.10-A-En

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1 Preface

Control rooms of power plants changed their face: Instead standing at big and
complicated control panels in the past, we see operators sitting at computer
monitors, maintaining the plant by mouse clicks. How does it work?

These computerized Control Systems can work fully automatically, and the
operator serves mainly as a supervisor. He has the chance to interfere by
hand but he cant bypass the safety systems.

This General Training Material gives in the following an introduction into the
general structure and function of a modern control system, concerning of the
Drive Control Level, Group Control Level up to the Unit Control Level.

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ABCD General Training Material

Power Plant Training Center Mannheim / Germany TC-ICO-1.10-A-En

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2 Components and Functions

Operation

Input
Processing Bus
Output
Control,
Measurement

Commands
Feedback signals

Switchgear

Process

Blade Fan Damper

adjustment = controlled = controlled
= var.- drive actuator
speed
drive

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ABCD General Training Material

Power Plant Training Center Mannheim / Germany TC-ICO-1.10-A-En

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3 Operator Places

Operator Station
control center

process conditions
for operator station
Group control
Automatic drive
control
2nd control station
Back-up
e.g. in GT container buttons / lamps

Protective system Process conditions for

Safety system prot. System commands
e.g. boiler protection

Protection off Process conditions control

Trip (=TRIP commands)
generates discrepancy,
e.g. Motor temperature > MAX

Protective system local

e.g. in the switchgear

switchgear

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ABCD General Training Material

Power Plant Training Center Mannheim / Germany TC-ICO-1.10-A-En

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4 Functioning in Principle
4.1 Programmed Processing

Controller Operator commands via OS

Processor module

Process
conditions,
feedback
signals

Program
= instructions
(function
charts) Processor

e.g. commands OFF, ON

Input Output
modules modules

e.g.: is ON is OFF
Switchgear
Service
Oil pressure > LOW station local

Mot. temp > MAX

Process

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ABCD General Training Material

Power Plant Training Center Mannheim / Germany TC-ICO-1.10-A-En

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4.2 Bus Transfer

Operator station

Command ON
Bus

Actual values serial, e.g.:

P = 1.7 bar

Command
P= ON

1.7 bar

Processor

Input module Processor module

Pressure measurement Via output module to

motor control

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ABCD General Training Material

Power Plant Training Center Mannheim / Germany TC-ICO-1.10-A-En

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5 Drive Control
5.1 Drive (e.g. valve, fan)

Operation from
operator station

Drive control
2 positions
(C2PB)

Switchgear

CLOSE

Motor temp. > MAX

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ABCD General Training Material

Power Plant Training Center Mannheim / Germany TC-ICO-1.10-A-En

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5.2 Actuator (e.g. valve, damper)

Operation from
operator station

Drive control
2 positions
(C2PB)

Switchgear

CLOSE OPEN

Plant

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 ABCD General Training Material

Power Plant Training Center Mannheim / Germany TC-ICO-1.10-A-En

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6 Group Control

ON Program
CLOSE Blade
D
CLOSE Damper Fan ON
E Group
A A
C C Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 control
T. T. level

Automatic commands C A C
L U O L O
O T N O P
S O S E
Manual control E E N

Drive
control
Blade Fan Damper level

Blade Fan Damper

adjustment = controlled = controlled
= var.- speed drive drive actuator
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ABCD General Training Material

Power Plant Training Center Mannheim / Germany TC-ICO-1.10-A-En

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7 Control System Structure

Unit
control level

Unit control program

Fan control program Turbine control program

Group
control Function group Air supply
level

Drive group Drive group

Forced Draught 1 Forced Draught 2

Drive
control level

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