MATHEMATICS SOLUTIONS OF

"ADVANCED LEVEL PROBLEMS"

Target : ISEET (IIT-JEE)
TOPIC : APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES

PART - I
1. Let f(x) = x 3, g(x) = 6x 2 + 15x + 5
f(x) < g(x) x 2 4x 5 < 0 1<x<5

1
2. f(x) = 100 x 24 (1 x)74 x
4
x = 0 f(0) = 0
1 1 375
x= f = 100
4 4 4
x 1 , f(x) 0
1
on [0, 1) maximum at x = .
4
3. f(x) = 2 cos 2x 1

f(x) = 0 x=
6

= 3 +

f = 0 + , f
2 2 6 2 6
3
f = , f = 0
6 2 6 2 2

f f =
2 2

dy
4. Slope of such normal is 1. =1
dx
ay2 = x 3
2
dy 3x 2 3x2
2ay = 3x 2 y= a = x3
2a
dx
2a
4a
x=
9
a b
5. 2
1
x y2
Differentiating w.r.t. to x.
2a 2b dy
0
x3 y 3 dx
dy a y3 a y3
3. = . 3 Equation of tangent at point (h,k) be
dx x b b x
ak 3
(y k) = ( x h)
bh 3
a b b a h2 a
also 1 1
h2 k2 k2 h2 h2
h2 b bh3 bh3 h h3
k2 = x intercept = h = (h 2 a) h
= (h2 a ) h =
h2 a ak 2 abh2 a a

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 1

6. For x < 0, f(x) = | x2 + x | = | x ( x + 1) |.
For x < 1, f(x) = (x) (x+1) = x2 + x
f'(x) = 2x + 1
1 1 1
Slope of normal = = =
f ' (x) 2x 1 3
7. Given x = f'(t) sint + f"(t) cost
y = f'(t) cost - f"(t) sint
from given equation
dx dy
= f t f t cos t & = f t f t sin t
dt dt
2 2
dx dy
Velocity = = f t f t 2 cos 2 t f t f t 2 sin2 t =
dt dt
f(t) + f(t)
8. ST = SN

k dy
= |km| where m = tan =
m dx (h, k )

m 2 = 1 or m = 1
1
length of tangent = |k| 1 = 2 |ordinate|
m2
9. x 4 = 2x + 2y
dy
or = 2x 3 1
dx
3
if, 2x 3 1 = ( 3x + 4y = c touches the curve)
4
1 1 1 15
x= y= =
2 32 2 32
only one value of c is possible

10. y = x2
dy
= 2x
dx
1
2x = 1 x=
2
1 1
, on parabola
2 4
shortest canal will be along the common normal of y = x 2 and y = x 2 which will be,
y=x+c
1 1 3
it passes through , c=
2 4 4

3
solving, y = x 2 and y = x +
4
5 11
y= and x =
8 8
Hence point on straight line along the
11 5
shortest canal is ,
8 8

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 2

 3 2
11. y = x, y = x
2 5
3x 2 + 4xy + 5y2 4 = 0
Differential w.r.t. to x
dy (4y 6x) (2y 3x )
6x + 4y + 4xy + 10yy = 0 = =
dx ( 4 x 10 y ) (2x 5y )
3 dy
if y = x, then =0
2 dx
2 dy
and if y = x, then tangents are to each other.
5 dx
12. y2 = x 3 + x 2
dy 3 x 2 2x 3 x 2 2x 3x 2
= = =
dx 2y 2x 1 x 2 1 x
dy
at x = 0 , = 1
dx

x( 4a 2 x ) 6ax 2 x 2
13. f '(x) = 4ax x 2 + = < 0, x (4a, 3a)
2 4ax x 2 4ax x 2
so f(x) is decreasing in [4a, 3a]
14. Using graph of expressions on both the sides, we get only two roots.
15. f(x) = 8ax a sin 6x 7x sin 5x
f(x) = 8a 6a cos 6x 7 5cos 5x = 8a 7 6a cos 6x 5cos 5x
f(x) is an increasing function
f(x) 0 8a 7 6a + 5
2a 12
a6
a [6, )
16. Here f is a differentiable function then f is continuous function
So by L.M.V. theorem for any a (0, 4)
f ( 4 ) f (0 )
f(a) = ...(1)
40
Again from mean value for any b (0, 4)
f ( 4 ) f (0 )
f(b) = ...(2)
2
Now multiplying (1) and (2), we get
f 2 ( 4 ) f 2 (0 )
= f(a) f(b) f 2(4) f 2(0) = 8f(a) f(b)
8
1 2
17. f(x) = 0 x = ,
a 3a
since, we have a cubic polynomial with coefficient of x3 +ve , minima will occur after maxima.
Case - 1 : If a > 0
1 1
then = a=3
a 3
1 1
also f > 0 b <
3 2
Case - 2 : If a < 0
2 1
then = a=2
3a 3
1 (2) 2 (2) 1 1 4 1 2 11
also f > 0 2 . 2 2 b > 0 b 0 b <
3
3 2 3 3 27 9 3 27

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 3

18. f(k) = 3
sin h
f(k+h) = a2 2 + hlim 2
0 f(k+h) = a 1
h
lim lim lim a2 1 > 3
h 0 f(k h) = h 0 (3 + |khk|) = h 0 (3 + |h|) = 3
a2 > 4 |a|>2

19. f(x) = ( 2 x 7 ) 2 6 2 + ( 2 x 7 )2 8 2
This is sum of distance of P (2x , 7) from A (7 , 1) and B (7,15)
By triangle inequality the minimum occurs when P,A, B are collinear with P lying between A and B.
AB = 14 2 14 2 = 14 2

20. f(x) = x 3 3x + k, k = [a]

f(x) = 3(x 1) (x + 1)
1 is maxima is 1 is minima
for three roots f(1) f(1) < 0
(k + 2) (k 2) < 0
k (2, 2) 2 < [a] < 2
1a<2

{x} {x}
21. f(x) = sin + cos a>0
a a
{x}
it attains max. if =
a 4
{x} 1
0,
a a
1 4
> , for f to have is maxima 0<a<
a 4

22. Let f(x) = x4 + 4x3 8x2 + k

f(x) = 4x3 + 12x2| 16 x
= 4x (x2 + 3x 4)
= 4x (x + 4) (x 1)
f(x) = 0 x = 4 , 0, 1
f (x) = 12x2 + 24x 16 = 4(3x2 + 6x 4)
f (4) = 20 > 0
f(0) = 16 < 0
f(1) = 20 > 0
x = 4 and x = 1 are points of local minima whereas
x = 0 is point of local maxima
for f(x) = 0 to have 4 real roots
f(4) < 0 k < 128
f(0) > 0 k>0
f(1) < 0 k<3
k (0, 3)

n n
x y
23. = 2 (n N)
a b
n 1 n 1
nx y dy 1
n =0
aa b dx b
n 1 n 1 n 1
dy n x b b b xb
= = when n = odd natural number at x = a, y = b
dx a a n y a ay
dy b
dx =
( a, b ) a

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 4

 a
Slope of normal =
b
a
equation is (y b) = (x a)
b
or by ax = b2 a2
when n = even natural number at x = a, y = b
dy b a
dx = slope of normal =
( a, b ) a b
a
equation of normal is y + b = (x a) ax + by = a2 b2
b

dx 2 2
24. = ( cosec 2 t) =
dt cot t sin t cos t

dy sin 2 t cos 2 t
= sec 2 t cosec 2 t =
dt sin 2 t cos 2 t
dx 2
at t = =4
dt 4 1/ 2

dy
at t = 2 2 = 0
dt 4

dy dx
here =0 =
dx dy
25. Apply Roll's theorem on f(x), g(x) = ex f(x) and h(x) = ex f(x)

x p2 pq pr
26. f(x) = pq x q2 qr = x 3 + (p2 + r2 + q2) x 2
2
pr qr xr
f(x) = 3x 2 + 2x(p2 + q2 + r2) = x {3x + 2(p2 + q2 + r2)}
+ +

2 2 2 2
0
(p + q + r )
3
Here f(x) is increasing if
2 2
x< (p + q2 + r2) and x > 0
3
2 2
decreasing is if (p + q2 + r2) <x < 0
3
27. (A) Let x x + h and y x
|tan1x tan1 y| |x y|
|tan1(x + h) tan1x| |h|
d
(tan 1 x ) 1
dx

1
1 hence true
1 x2
(C) |sin x sin y| |x y|
xx+h yx
sin( x h) sin x
1
h
|cos x| 1 hence true

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 5

 Alternative solutions
For x = y, this is true
Let x, y R and x y
consider f(t) = tan1t, t [x, y]

tan 1 y tan 1 x 1
Using LMVT, = , c (x, y)
yx 1 c 2

yx
tan1 y tan1x = y x ........(i)
1 c 2
similarly x > y, tan1 x tan1y x y ........(ii)
From (i) and (ii) we get

tan 1 x tan 1 y |x y|
Similarly considering g(t) = sin t in [x, y]
sin y sin x
we get yx = cos c

sin y sin x = (cos c) (y x) y x ........(iii)

and sin x sin y x y ........(iv)
(iii), (iv) |sin x siny| |x y|

x2 x 2
28. < 0 x (3 , 2)
x 2 5x 6
For maximum or minimum of the function , put f(x) = 0
a a
a2 3x2 = 0 x = ,
3 3

a a
If a > 0, then point of minima is x = 3 < < 2 or 2 3 < a < 3 3
3 3

a a
if a < 0, then point of minima is x = 3 < <2 3 3 < a < 2 3
3 3

x2
29. f(x) = ; x 1 , 3
x3

5
f(x) =
( x 3 )2
Comprehension (30 to 32)
Graph of y = f(x)

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 6

 30.

Three points of intersection. Three solutions

31.

32.

True/False
1 1 1
33. = +
R R1 C R1
R = R1 (C R1) /C
dR C 2R1

dR1 C
dR C
dR1 = 0 at R1 = 2
C
R2 = So R1 = R2
2

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 7

 PART - II :
1. As (a, b) lies on y = x 2 + 1. b = a2 + 1

dy
dx ( a, b ) = 2a

Tangent y a2 1 = 2a (x a)
x=0 y = 1 a2
x=1 y = a2 + 2a + 1
1
Area = (1) (1 a2 a2 + 2a + 1)
2
= a2 + a + 1
1 1 5
It is greatest when a = . b=1+ = .
2 4 4

3 2
2. Fuel charges per hour = k 2 48 = k. 162 Fuel charges per hour =
16
3 2
Charges per hour = + 300
16
3 2 s
Expenses of journey = ( + 300)
16
where = speed s = distance
3 300 b b
Maximum occures when (ax + , a, b, > 0, x > 0, has minimum when ax = )
16 x x
2 = 16.100
= 40

1
3. y= , x = 2 y=1 .
1 x
Let P(2, 1). Tangent at P is
x y = 3. .....(i)
Chord of parabola with P as mid-point is
(4a2 5a) x + y = 8a2 10a 1 .....(ii)
Comparing (1) and (2)

4a2 5a 1 8a2 10a 1

1 1 3
4a2 5a + 1 = 0
1
a = 1,
4
If a = 1 then parabola is y = x 2 + 5x 4
and P(2, 1) lies inside.
1
If a= then parabola is.
4

x2 5
y= x 4 and P lies outside
16 4

2a b
4. (2, 1) 1=
( 1) (2)
2a + b = 2

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 8

 a( x 1)( x 4) (ax b)(2 x 5)
y=
( x 1) 2 ( x 4) 2
y = 0 at x = 2 b=0 a=1
x
y=
( x 1) ( x 4)
( 2 x )(2 x )
y =
( x 1)2 ( x 4 )2

At x = 2, ychanges sign from positive to negative x = 2 is point of maxima.

5.

dA x
y = x x2 Ax = x 2 =2x
dx

dA y
Ay = y2 = 2 (x x 2) (1 2x)
dx

dA y dA y
dA x
= (1 x) (1 2x) dA = 0 (when x = 1 cm)
x

6. Since = ss a s b s c
1
= ss a s b s c 2
Taking logarithm of both sides, we get
1
ln = ln s ln s a ln s b ln s c
2

1 d 1 1 ds 1 ds a 1 ds b 1 ds c
= . . . .....................(1)
dc 2 s dc s a dc s b dc s c dc

1
But s= a b c
2
ds 1 ds a ds da 1 1
= 0 ,
dc 2 dc dc dc 2 2

ds b ds db 1 1 ds c ds 1 1
and 0 and 1 1
dc dc dc 2 2 dc dc 2 2
Now from (1),

1 d 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
. = . . . .
dc 2 s 2 s a 2 s b 2 s c 2

1 1 1 1 1
=
4 s s a s b s c

1 1 1 1
Hence d = dc
4 s s a s b s c

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 9

 dy a cos t a t sin t cos t
7. (i) =
dx a sin t a t cos t sin t
t sin t
= t cos t = tan t
Equation of tangent
y a sin t at cos t = tan t x a cos t at sin t
p is length of perpendicular from origin.

tan t a cos t at sin t a sin t at cos t

p =
1 tan 2 t
= |at|
p |t|
dx dy
(ii) = at cost, = at sint
dt dt
dx dy
i = at (cost + i sint)
dt dt
dx dy
i
dt dt
= |a t|.
dx dy
p i
dt dt

8. Slope of the tangent is given by

f t ' t f ' t t
dy dy a f 2 t
dt

dx dx
dt a f t ' t t f ' t

f 2 t

Slope of tangent
f t ' t t f ' t
m(x = t) = f t ' t t f ' t

a t f t ' t t f ' t t
Equation of tangent y = xa ...........(1)
f t f t ' t t f ' t f t
On expanding we get x t f ' t ' t f t yt f ' t ' t f t at ' t ' t t = 0

x y a
t t f t
OR =0
' t ' t f ' t
Hence, Equation of tangent can be written in given form.

9. x 2/3 + y2/3 = c 2/3, P(a cos, b sin)

1/ 3
dy y 1/ 3 b1/ 3 sin
= 1/ 3 =
dx x a1 / 3 cos

x2 y2 dy b2 x b
= 1 P(a cos , b sin ) 2. = cot
a2 b2 dx a y a
P lies on x 2/3 + y2/3 = c 2/3,
a2/3 cos 2/3 + b2/3 sin2/3 = c 2/3 ..... (i)
1/ 3 2/3
b b 1/3
b
and cot = (tan ) or = (tan )4/3
a a a

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 10

 b
b = a tan2 tan =
a

b a
sin = , cos =
ab ab
Hence, from condition (i)
1/ 3 1/ 3
a b
a2/3 + b2/3 = c 2/3 a+b=c
ab ab

10. 3 x2 > | x a | (0, 3)

P
Case (i) a < 0 and y = x a is tangent of y = 3 x 2 (see figure) a
3 3

1
2x = 1 x=
2

P 1 , 11
2 4
1 11
Since y = x a passes through , a=xy
2 4
(0, 3)
11 1 13
= = (minimum value of a)
4 2 4
Case (ii) a > 0 and y = x + a passes through (0, 3), 3 3 a
then a = 3 (maximum value of a) (see figure)
13
a , 3
4
11. by2 = (x + a)3
2
dy dy 3( x a)
b . 2y = 3(x + a)2 = ... (1)
dx dx 2by
p(SN) = q (ST)2 (Given)

dy y2 p y
p y =q = 3
dx 2 q dy
dy

dx dx

y 8b 3 y 3 8 b 3 ( x a )6 8
= 6
= 2 6
= |b|
27 ( x a) 27 b ( x a) 27

12. Let f(x) = xm + a1 xm 1 + a2 xm 1 + ...... + a0 if possible, let f(x) = 0 has 'm' real roots, then by Roll's thearem,
f '(x) = 0 must have "(m 1)" real roots, f ''(x) = 0 must have "(m 2)" real roots and so on, fm 2(x) = 0 must
m! 2
have 2 real roots, x + a1 (m 1)! x + a2 (m 2)! = 0 must have 2 real roots
s
2
m (m 1) 2
or x + a1 (m 1) + a2 = 0 must have 2 real roots
s
2
D = a12 (m 1)2 2m (m 1) a2
= (m 1) [(m 1) a12 2a2]
which is ve, so our
allumption is wrong. Hence proved.

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 11

13.

Slope of OQ > slope of OP

x f 1( x )
f(x) . f1 (x) < x2
f(x) x

x2 2x 27 2
2 + f ' 2 x (2x)
.
14. g'(x) = 2f ' 2

x2 27 2

= x f ' 2 f ' 2 x

x 2 27
g'(x) = 0 x = 0 or x2 x = 3, 0, 3
2 2
+ +
for g'(x)
3 0 3

so g(x) is increasing in x (, 3] and in [0, 3]

and g(x) is decreasing in [3, 0] and in [3, )

1
15. Let f(x) = nx f "(x) =
x2
f ( x 1 ) f ( x 2 ) ...... f ( x n ) ( x x 2 .... x n )
So f 1
n n
n ( x1 ) n ( x 2 ) .... n ( x n ) n x1 x 2 ...... x n
for x1, x2, .......... , xn R+
n n
1 x1 x 2 ..... x n
( x1 x 2 ........ x n ) n G.M. A.M.
n
Again
1 1 1 1 1 1
f f ..... f ..... 1 1 1 1
.....
x1 x 2 xn x
f 1
x 2 x n 1 n x1 x 2 xn
n n
x 1x 2 .x n n

n

1 1 1 (x1 x2 ...... xn)1/n H.M. G.M.
....
x1 x 2 xn

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 12

16. (i) 1 + x 2 > (x sin x + cosx)
Let f(x) = 1 + x 2 x sinx cosx, x [0, +)
f(x) = 2x sinx x cos x + sin x = x(2 cosx)
f(x) > 0 for x (0, )
f(x) is an increasing function
x>0 f(x) > f(0) 1 + x 2 > x sinx + cosx
(ii) f(x) = sin x sin 2x 2x
f(x) = cos x 2 cos 2x 2
= cos x 2(2 cos 2 x 1) 2

= cos x 4 cos 2x = cosx (1 4 cosx), x 0,
3
1
cos x cos x(1 4 cos x) < 0
2

f(x) < 0 x 0,
3
f(x) f(0) sinx sin2x 2x 0 sinx sin2x 2x

x2
(iii) f(x) = + 2x + 3 3ex + xex
2
f(x) = x + 2 3ex + ex + xex
= x + 2 2ex + xex
f(x) = 1 2ex + ex + xex
= 1 ex + xex
f(x) = ex + ex + xex = xex
f(x) 0x0 f(x) f(0) f(x) 0
f(x) f(0) f(x) 0 f(x) f(0) f(x) > 0
x2
+ 2x + 3 3ex xex
2
sin2 x
(iv) f(x) = x sin x
2
f(x) = x cos x + sin x sin x cosx = x cos x + sin x (1 cos x)
sin2 x
f(x) > 0 for x 0, f(x) > f(0) or x sin x >0
2 2
sin2 x 1
and f(x) < f , x sin x <
2 2 2 2

sin2 x 1
x sinx < ( 1)
2 2

2
1 21 4b b 3
17. f(x) = b 1 x + 5x + 6


21 4b b 2
f(x) = 3 1 b 1 x2 + 5

f(x) is increasing f(x) 0 x R

21 4b b 2 (b 7 ) (3 b)
1 0 1
b 1 b 1
(b 7) (3 b)
Case- If b + 1 > 0 , then 1 and 7 b 3
(b 1)2
b 5 and b 2 b [2, 3]

Case- If b + 1 < 0 b [7, 1)

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 13

 x2 1
18. y = x n x +
2 2
y = 1 + n x x
1 1 x
y = 1=
x x
here y > 0 x (0, 1) y(x) < y(1) y(x) < 0
y(x) is decreasing function
x2 1 x2 1
y(x) > y(1) x log x + >0 x log x > +
2 2 2 2

a
19. f(x) = 0 x =
3b

a 2a a
f = 3
3b 3b

a 2a a

f 3b =
3 3b
f(1) = b a
f(1) = a b

2a a 2a a
Given that 3 3b = 3 3b = |ba| = |ab|=1

4a 3 4a 3 4a 3
=1 b= ab=1 a = 1 4a3 27a + 27 = 0
27 b 27 27
3
a = 3,
2
3 1
a=31:b= 1 =
2 2
=4
4a 3
Also , b a = 1 a 4a3 27a 27 = 0 (a 3) (2a + 3)2 = 0 a = 3 b = 4
27
Rejecting ve values , therefore a = 3 , b = 4

sin x
20. Let f(x) =
x
x cos x sin x cos x ( x tan x )
f(x) = = < 0 x 0, ; ( tan > x)
x 2
x2 2

x 2 sin x 2x cos x 2 sin x

f(x) =
x3
2
Let g(x) = x sinx 2xcosx + 2sin x
g(x) = x2cosx < 0 x (0, /2)
for x > 0 , we have g(x) < g(0) i.e. g(x) < 0
A B C f ( A ) f (B ) f (C)
f(x) < 0 and f(x) < 0 x 0, f >
2 3 3

A BC sin A sin B sin C

sin
3 > A B C sin A sin B sin C 9 3
<
A B C 3 A B C 2

3

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 14

21. Area (ABCD)
= Area of ADB + Area of BDC
1 1
A= ps sin + qr sin
2 2
dA 1 1 d d ps cos
= ps(+cos) + qrcos =0 =
dB 2 2 d d qr cos
2 2 2 2 2
BD = p + s 2pscos = q + r 2qr cos
Differentiating we get
d d ps sin
2ps (sin) = 2qr ( sin) =
d d qr sin
ps cos ps sin
= sin cos + cos sin = 0 sin( + ) = 0 + =
qr cos qr sin
dA 1 sin( )
Also , = ps
s sin =0 + =
d 2
dA
If + < then >0
d
dA
If + > , then <0
d
By 1st derivative test A has maxima when + = A, B, C, D are concyclic

22. Since we have a cubic polynomial with positive leading coefficient the maxima will occur before minima.
f(x) = 5a2x2 + 4ax 9
9 1
put f(x) = 0 x = ,
5a a
Case - 1
a<0
1 1 5 9
then maxima occurs when x = = a=
a a 9 5
9 9
Minima therefore occurs when x = =1 f(1) > 0 when a =
5a 5
5a 2
+ 2a 9 + b > 0
3
5 81 18
9+b> 0
3 25 5
27 18 9 36
9b > 0 9 b>
5 5 5 5
Case - 2 a > 0
25 5 812 25 2
f >0 . . +
81 3 25 2 813

81 25 2 25
2
2 9. 81 + b > 0
25 81
5 25 25 25
. + 2. 9 +b>0
3 81 81 81

25 5
b+ 7 = 0
81 3
25 400
b+ (+16) b >
3 81 243

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 15

23. Let u = 2x + 2x
u3 = 8x + 8x + 3(2x) (2x) (2x + 2x)
u3 3u = 8x + 8x
also, 4x + 4x = u2 2
f(x) = u3 3u 4 (u2 2) = u3 4u2 3u + 8
Let g(u) = u3 4u2 3u + 8 ; u > 2
g(u) = 3u2 8u 3 = (3u + 1) (u 3)
putting g(u) = 0 ; we get u = 3
g (u) = 6u 8 g(3) = 1 > 0 u = 3 is point of minima
g(3) = 27 36 9 + 8 = 10 minimum f(x) = 10

loge (2x 1)
24. Let f(x) = log e x for x > 1

( 2x 1) log e ( 2x 1) 2x log e x
Now f(x) =
x( 2x 1) {log e ( 2x 1)} 2
Let g(x) = (2x 1) loge(2x 1) 2xlogex
1
g(x) = 2loge (2x 1) 2logex + 2 2 = 2 loge 2 > 0 for x > 1
x
for x > 1 , we have g(x) > g(1) g(x) > 0
f(x) > 0 for x > 1 f(x) is increasing for x > 1
loge 7 loge 5 loge 3
4 > 3 > 2 f(4) > f(3) > f(2) > > .
loge 4 log e 3 loge 2
25. Let H,R,V be
height, radius (base),
volume respectively of cylinder.

R
tan = (0 < H < h)
hH
2
V = R H
= tan2 (h H)2 H
dV
= tan2 (h H) (h 3H)
dH
h
V is maximum when H = .
3
2
2h h
2
Maximum V = tan
3 3
4 3
= h tan2 .
27

1 1
26. = bc sin = c 2 sin ( b = c)
2 2
b2 5c 2
In ABE, using cosine rule, 2 = c 2 + bc cos = c 2 cos
4 4
4 2
c2 =
5 4 cos
sin
= 22.
5 4 cos

d 2 2 .((5 4 cos ) cos sin ( 4 sin ))

=
d (5 4 sin )2
2 2 .(5 cos 4)
= For to be maximum, cos = 0.8
(5 4 sin )2

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 16

27. y = 1 x2
Consider point P (x 0 , 1 x 02 )
0 < x0 1
equation of tangent at P is
y (1 x 02 ) = 2x 0 (x x 0)
2
x 0 (1 x 0 ) , 0

intersection with x-axis at A 2x 0

intersection with y-axis at
B(0, 2 x 02 + (1 x 02 )
2 2
1 ( x 0 1)
area of OAB =
2 2x 0
2 2
1 ( x 0 1)
=
4 x0

dA ( x 02 1) 1
= [3 x 02 1] = 0 x0 =
dx 0 4 x 02 3

dA
dx 0 changes sign from +ve to ve

1 4 3
at x 0 = So point of minimum Amin =
3 9

28. 3 = h2 + r2
r2 = 3 h2
1 1
V= r2 h = (3 h2) h
3 3
dV 1
= (3 3h2)
dh 3
dV
=0 at h = 1
dh

d2 V
<0 at h = 1
dh 2
2
Vmax =
3

a
29. V=k
a

a
V will be minimum when + will be minimum
a
A.M. G.M.
a

a a
2 a
a a
2 minimum of =2
a a
Vmin = k 2 which is independent of a.

RESONANCE APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES - 17