COCKPIT ARENA 19 NOVEMBER 2014

A. OBJECTIVES
According to Wikipedia, a cockfight is a blood sport between two roosters
(cocks), or more accurately gamecocks, held in a ring called a cockpit.
The first documented use of the word gamecock, denoting use of the cock
as to a game, a sport, pastime or entertainment, was recorded in 1646,[1]
after the term cock of the game used by George Wilson, in the earliest
known book on the sport of cockfighting in The Commendation of Cocks
and Cock Fighting in 1607. But it was during Magellan's voyage of discovery
of the Philippines in 1521 when modern cockfighting was first witnessed and
documented by Antonio Pigafetta, Magellan's chronicler, in the kingdom
of Taytay.

Sabong is legal here in the Philippines and regulated as well. It was passed
as a legal sport in 1974 by then President, Ferdinand Marcos. Most islands
have a legal stadium or outdoor arena where the men can go on
weekends to either watch, wager or fight their game-cocks. Some do it as
a business but many do it out of a personal passion. It is a level playing field
that allows even the poorest common man to have a chance at winning
some good money from the wealthier Sabong aficionados. There are the
occaisional, bootleg arenas run illegally which are sometimes raided. This
is mostly to combat illegal gambling run by small-time mobsters rather than
for any other reason.

The place where the fights happen is called the "cockpit". The people
who can afford to have some Mga sunoy, will make a lot of efforts to
train the cocks in agressivity. If a cock wins, the owner earns money, just
as the persons who visit the fights and put their money on the winning
cock. During the fight the fighting cocks wear sharp razor blades fixed on
their legs. The duel will only ends by the death or (bloody) flight of one of
the cocks'.

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B. DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. Cockfighting- is the sport of fitting or evenly matching gamecocks to

engage in an actual fight where bets on either side are laid.
2. Cockpit Arena- a commercial building at the center of which is an
enclosed cockfighting arena and surrounded by seats provided for
bettors and other aficionados.
3. Fighting Cock/Game Cock- also called are rooster, whether locally
bred or imported or hybrids primarily for cockfighting.
4. Pintakasi- is a special three-day cockfighting event scheduled usually
on weekdays with an intended charitable institution or group of
beneficiary.
5. Derby- special cockfighting event of an even bigger scale and
participated in by big-time breeder.
6. Gaffer (Taga Tari) - a person knowledgeable in the art of arming
fighting cocks with gaff or gaffs on either or both legs.
7. Referee (Sentenciador) a person who watches and oversees the
proper gaffing of fighting cocks, determines the physical condition of
fighting cocks while cockfighting is in progress, the injuries, sustained by
the cocks and their capability to continue fighting and decides and
make known his decision by work of gestures and result of the
cockfight by announcing the winner or declaring a tie or no contest
game.
8. Carambola- is the occasional sabong sideshow - an entertainingly wild
and zany labo-labo event that pits six to sixteen or more cocks at one
time, simultaneously slashing-and-parrying until one cock remains
standing. The winning owner claims all the dead cocks plus the prize
pot money.
9. Tari- blade that is commissioned for attachment, usually to the left leg,
and payment to be due only if the cock wins
10. Kristos- betting managers sacrilegiously named for their Christ-like
crucified stance
11. Casador- announces the opposing bets and when needed solicits
amounts from the ringside bettors to equalize the bets.
12. Palisada- 10 percent of the winnings; contributed to the funerary
coffers

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C. SITE SELECTION

As prescribed in Presidential Decree 449, Sec. 5, only one cockpit shall be

allowed in each city or municipality, except that in cities or municipalities
with a population of over one hundred thousand, two cockpits may be
established, maintained and operated. Cockpits shall be constructed and
operated within the appropriate areas as prescribed in Zoning Law or
Ordinance. No cockpits should be constructed within or near existing
residential or commercial areas, hospitals, school buildings, churches or
other public buildings. All cockpit in the Philippines needs to be at least
500 meters away from all major highways.

D. LOCATIONAL REQUIREMENTS

SETBACKS

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ENTRANCES

1. Entrances should be accessible from arrival and departure points to the

interior lobby;
2. One (1) entrance level should be provided where elevators are accessible;

3. In case entrances are not on the same level of the site arrival grade, ramps
should be provided as access to the entrance level;

4. Entrances with vestibules shall be provided a level area with at least a 1.80 m.
depth and a 1.50 m. width;

RAMPS

1. Changes in level require a ramp except when served by a dropped curb, an

elevator or other mechanical device;
2. Ramps shall have a minimum clear width of 1.20 m;

LOCATION OF EMERGENCY EXIT

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1. Wall mounted or free standing tablets with an embossed plan configuration of

the building which also shows the location of the lobby, washrooms and
emergency exits of the building (indicated by different textures with
corresponding meanings) should be provided either in front of the building or at
the main lobby. The markings of this tablet should be readable by both the fully
sighted and the blind persons.

2. Flashing light directional signs indicating the location(s) of fire exit shall be
provided at every change in direction with sufficient power provided in
accordance with the provisions for emergency lighting under Section 3.410 of
P.D. NO. 1185 (The Fire Code of the Philippines).

WALKWAYS AND PASSAGEWAYS

1. Walkways should be kept as level as possible and provided with slip-resistant

material.

2. Whenever and wherever possible, walkways should have a gradient no more

than 1:20 or 5%.
3. Walkways should have a maximum cross gradient of 1:100.
4. Walkways should have a minimum width of 1.20 meters.

5. If possible, gratings should never be located along walkways. When occurring

along walkways, grating openings should have a maximum dimension of 13 mm
x 13 mm and shall not project more than 6.5 mm above the level of the
walkway.

6. Walkways should have a continuing surface without abrupt pitches in angle or

interruptions by cracks or breaks creating edges above 6.50 mm.

7. In lengthy or busy walkways, spaces should be provided at some point along

the route so that a wheelchair may pass another or turn around. These spaces
should have a minimum dimension of 1.50 m and should be spaced at a
maximum distance of 12:00 m between stops.

8. To guide the blind, walkways should as much as possible follow

straightforward routes with right angle turns.

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9. Where planting is provided adjacent to the walkway, regular maintenance is

essential to ensure branches of trees or shrubs do not overhang walkways or
paths, as not only do these present a particular danger to the blind, but they
also reduce the effective footways width available to pedestrians generally.
10. Walkway headroom should not be less than 2.0 m and preferably higher.

11. Passageways for the disabled should not be obstructed by street furniture,
bollards, sign posts or columns along the defined route, as they can be
hazardous.

PEDESTRIANS

Pedestrian routes should follow desire lines as directly as possible. The details are
of secondary importance if the connections are incomplete. Routes should be
chosen by analyzing and responding to the context of the site. One way of
achieving this is not to provide paths in a newly created landscape scheme but
to wait until the users make worn tracks and then to pave these. Routes should
include loops rather than dead ends, incorporating places to stop and rest.
There should be coordination between parking, paved and rest areas, building
entries, etc. with adequate seating, lighting and signage.

MEANS OF ESCAPE

The aim is for all in the auditorium to be able to escape to a place of safety
within a set period of time. The escape route is from the seat, along the
clearway and gangway, and through exit doors immediately, or through an
enclosed corridor, to the place of safety.
Travel distance

The maximum travel distance from seat to exit within the auditorium is
determined by the need to evacuate from each level of the auditorium within
2 minutes. For traditional seating the maximum travel distance is 18 m
measured from the gangway, for continental seating 15 m from any seat.

Exits From each level of the auditorium two separate exits must be provided for
the first 500 seats with an additional exit for each further 250 seats. Table II gives

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the minimum total of exit widths required by legislation. Each exit from the
auditorium must lead directly to a place of safety.

E. SPACE REQUIREMENTS
1. Cockpit farm
2. Lobby and Lounge
3. Administration office w/ restroom
4. Communication and video room
5. Public restrooms
6. Rentable stalls
7. Blade and gaffing area
8. Treatment/curing area
9. Arena/pit
10. Utility room
11. Parking for customers, services, employees
13. Ticket booth
14. Payphone booth
15. Multi-purpose room for (15) fifteen persons
16. Wide screen video and score board
17. Canteen
18. Matching and weighing area
19. Scalding area
20. Rentable cock cages
21. Drinking fountain
22. Power house
23. Landscaping
24. Taxi stanD

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BUBBLE DIAGRAM

F. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS

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PARKING

One (1) car slot and one (1) jeepney/shuttle slot for every 50.00 sq. meters of
spectator area; and one (1) bus parking slot for every two hundred (200)
spectators.
According to Accessibility Law:

1. Parking spaces for the disabled should allow enough space for a person to
transfer to a wheelchair from a vehicle;

2. Accessible parking spaces should be located as close as possible to

building entrances or to accessible entrances;
3. Whenever and wherever possible, accessible parking spaces should be
perpendicular or to an angle to the road or circulation aisles;

4. Accessible parking slots should have a minimum width of 3.70 m.; 5. A

walkway from accessible spaces of 1.20 m. clear width shall be provided
between the front ends of parked cars;

6. Provide dropped curbs or curb cut-outs to the parking level where access
walkways are raised;

7. Pavement markings, signs or other means shall be provided to delineate

parking spaces for the handicapped.

SITE REQUIREMENTS

According to Presidential Decree No. 1096, or the National Building Code of

the Philippines,

The land or site upon which will be constructed any building or structure, or
any ancillary or auxiliary facility thereto, shall be sanitary, hygienic or safe. In
the case of sites or buildings intended for use as human habitation or abode,
the same shall be at a safe distance, as determined by competent
authorities, from streams or bodies of water and/or sources of air considered
to be polluted; from a volcano or volcanic site and/or any other building
considered to be a potential source of fire or explosion.
PERMITS AND INSPECTION

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Before building a structure or any kind of building, the National Building Code
says that one should secure a building permit from the Building Official
assigned in the place or where the location of the building.
LOCATION OF THE PROPERTY

The building or structure should have a direct access to a public space yard
or street, at least one of its sides. The eaves over required windows should not
be less than 750 mm or 0.75m from the side and rear property lines.

FIRE PROTECTION

According to the Fire Code of the Philippines, buildings designed for

human occupancy should provide exits that would serve as fast escape of
occupants on case of emergencies. The exits must be visible to the occupants.
Its route should be guided by signages or marks so that occupants would readily
know the escape route. The size and number of the exits shall be enough to the
maximum number of occupants therein.

The building should be constructed, designed, maintained, and operated well

to avoid any danger to the lives of the occupants especially in times of
emergencies.
EGRESS CAPACITY AND OCCUPANT LOAD

For places of assembly, such as auditoriums, church, or dance floor, the

occupant load should be 0.65 sq. m. per per person.

VENTILATION

In any habitable spaces, ventilation should be provided to maintain

comfortable condition among the occupants. It should be adequate to
prevent the air from becoming excessively heated. In the absence of
natural ventilation, mechanical or artificial ventilation with airflow from
clean area should be provided.

G. UTILITY REQUIREMENTS

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According to Philippine Electrical Code, location and site plans should

include the following with appropriate metric scale:
1. Bordering areas showing public or well-known streets, landmarks
and/or structures which need not be drawn to scale unless they extend
into the area concerned;
2. The location of service drop, service equipment and nearest pole of
the utility company furnishing electrical energy; location of the meter
as well as sizes of service entrance wires, conduits and service
equipment; and
3. Clearance of the path or run of service drops and entrance wires to
adjacent existing and/or proposed structures.

Also, before starting any installation work, alternation, repair or extension

on any electrical system, the owners, lessors, operators, occupants, or
licensed electrical practitioners shall obtain Electrical Permit for buildings
from the Office of the Local Building Official.

H. ARCHITECTURAL REQUIREMENTS (STANDARD)

SIZE OF AN ARENA

Arena sizes vary widely between disciplines. Working cows and reining
typically requires the most room, an arena of 100 wide by 200 (plus) long.
Most people who jump want a space at least 80 feet wide and 120 feet
long, and prefer more space if possible. A large dressage arena is 20
meters by 60 meters (66' x 198') and a small dressage arena is 20 meters by
40 meters (66 x 132). Round pens are as small as 50 in diameter,
although 60 is usually preferred.

If the structure is to be covered, consider that many roof truss

manufacturers use standard dimensions, usually in increments of 10 feet. A
standard small covered arena truss is 60 wide. They are usually spaced 12
feet apart, creating standard covered arena lengths in 12 foot
increments.

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Commercial riding arenas are best constructed bigger than you think you
need. You may need to accommodate multiple disciplines or riding
lessons simultaneously. A large arena also increases the number of
potential buyers should you choose to sell sometime in the future. A large
arena can always be partitioned off to create smaller spaces inside of it
for lunging areas or dressage tests.

Parking Space Dimensions

Typical parking stall dimensions vary with the angle at which the stall is
arranged in relation to the aisle. Stall widths (measured perpendicular to
the vehicle when parked) range from 8-1/2 to 9-1/2 feet. The minimum
width for public use parking spaces is 9 feet by 19 feet. Recommended stall
dimensions for compacts and similar -sized vehicles are 7-1/2 feet by 15
feet. If a number of such spaces are to be provided, they should be
grouped together in a prime area to promote their use. Stall widths for
parking lots where shoppers generally have large packages, such as
facilities, should be 9-1/2 feet or even 10 feet wide.

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SEATING

Row-to-row spacing Spacing

is controlled by the clearway between the leading edge of the seat (in an
upright position, if tippable) and the rear of the back of the seat in front, 20.16.
For traditional seating the minimum clearway for people to pass along the row is
300 mm and this dimension increases with the number of seats in a row. For
continental seating the clearway is not less than 400 mm and not more than 500
mm. Legislation also dictates the minimum row-to- row dimension at 760 mm: this
is usually not adequate and the minimum should be 850 mm for traditional
seating.

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Seat Spacing

With standard seating, the spacing of rows of seats from back-to-back

shall be not less than 840 millimeters. With continental seating, the spacing
of rows of unoccupied seats shall provide a clear width measured
horizontally, as follows: 450 millimeters clear for rows of eighteen (18) seats
or less; 500 millimeters clear for rows of thirty five (35) seats or less; 525
millimeters clear for rows of forty five (45) seats or less; and 550 millimeters
clear for rows of forty six (46) seats or more.

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WIDTHS OF PEDESTRIAN ROUTES

These vary with the purpose of the route, the intensity of use and with the
situation. As a general rule of thumb, provide 600 mm width for each pedestrian
walking abreast: which suggests 2 m minimum for public walkways. The
requirements of others than pedestrians that use these paths must also be
considered.

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FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

Acoustics: profiled reflector panels and possible adjustable diffusers. For

non-amplified music, reflectors also over concert platform
Lighting: bridges for access and support for auditorium lighting, working
lights and emergency lighting as well as performance lighting
Ventilation: air ducts and plenums, diffusers, noise attenuation and
monitoring equipment, supporting hangers and means of access for
servicing
Production requirements: for operas, dance musicals and drama, a grid
and pulley suspension for suspending scenery over fore- stage, including
access by technicians Fire control: detection system in voids and fire
dampers in ducts and Structure: support for roof, ducts, lighting bridges,
etc.

Cockpits vary in size and sophistication, but the basic design is the same,
consisting of the pit or arena proper surrounded by a fence where the
game cocks fight, and around it tiers of benches. The cockpit is usually a
circular wooden structure of galvanized iron roof. Urban cockpits such as
those in the suburbs of Manila and in other major cities are more
comfortable and often have air-conditioned sections with padded seats
for wealthier enthusiasts. Prominent cockers usually sit at ringside which
are the most expensive in the cockpit.

A roof keeps out sun and rain, while the absence of walls permits light and
ventilation. Cockpits are often located a short distance out of town and it
is easily found because of the noise emanating from it during cockfights.
A rooster in hand serves as a pass to enter the cockpit, otherwise a
nominal admission fee is charged. The dirt arena is surrounded by banks of
coliseum-type wooden benches reaching to the roof, usually jam-packed
with noisy aficionados.

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I. ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER

The pictures shown are the views

and plans of the Bilar Cockpit
Arena. The design has a modern
look of a cockpit arena. It is being
surrounded by trees so as to give
a cool feeling to the occupants.
Its octagon design was like some
of the cockpit design weve seen
before, just like in the New Negros
Coliseum at Bacolod City, and
that form made the cockpit
arena design a really cockpit
arena. Its roof, shape, look,
design, structure design signifies
the architectural character of a
cockpit arena.

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COCKPIT ARENA VISIT @ THE NEW NEGROS

COLISEUM

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