A Maths Topical Revision

Trigonometry R-Formula
Fairfield Prelim 2015 Paper 2/ Qn 11

1 The figure shows two circles C1 and C2 which touch each other and lie in the xy-plane as
shown below. C1 has radius 4 units and touches the x-axis at D, C2 has radius
3 units and touches the y-axis at E. The line AB, joining the centres of C2 and C1, meets
the x-axis at F and BFO .

C2

A
E

C1
B

x
O D F

(i) Obtain expressions for OD and OE in terms of and show that

ED 2 74 56 sin 42 cos . [4]
(ii) Express ED2 in the form 74 R cos( ) where R 0 and 0 90 . [4]
(iii) By considering the extreme positions in which both circles touch the x-axis and
both circles touch the y-axis, show that 8.2 81.8 , correct to one decimal
place. [3]
Anglican High School 2015 Prelim Paper 2/ Qn 4

2. The diagram shows the route of a fishing boat. The boat leaves the point O from the shore and
sails in a straight line for 5 km to a point A , at a bearing of ( 090 ). At A , the boat makes a
right-angled turn and sails for 2 km to the point B to continue fishing. The angle OAB 90 and
the shortest distance from B to the shore is L km.
N

O
shore B

A
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(a) Show that L 5 cos 2 sin . [2]

(b) Express L in the form R cos , where R 0 and 0 90 . [3]
(a) State the maximum value of L and find the corresponding value of . [3]

ST. ANTHONY'S CANOSSIAN SECONDARY SCHOOL Prelim II 2014 Paper 2 / Qn 5

3. D
P

1.4
C
0.6
Q B

The diagram shows a rectangular table ABCD which is placed at the end of a corridor. The
dimensions of the table are 1.4 m by 0.6 m. Angle APD = angle AQB = 90 and
angle PAD = where 0 90 .

(i) Express the width, PQ, of the corridor in the form R sin , where R 0 and
0 90 . [6]

(ii) Find the value of given that the width PQ 1.5 m. [3]

Anglican High Prelim 2014 Paper 2 / Qn 11

P
4. A gardener is going to fence off part of his garden
by using a piece of 19 metres long fence. The
enclosed area is in the shape of a right-angled
8m
triangle PQR with PR = 8 m.
Given that is the included angle between the
Q R
sides PQ and PR,
i) show that 8 cos + 8 sin = 11. [2]
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Hence, express the equation in the form R cos ( ) = C, where C is an integer,

R > 0 and 0o < < 90o. [2]

ii) find the possible values of . [3]

St Gabriels Prelim 2014 Paper 2 / Qn 3

5
D C
E

A B
The diagram shows the area set aside for the construction of a playground. The points A, B, C, D and E are such
that AE 4 m, BC 6 m, angle BAE angle CBD and angle ABE angle CDE 90 .

(i) Show that the perimeter of this playground is 10 10 cos 2sin . [3]

(ii) 10 R sin ,
Express the perimeter in the form
[4]
where R 0 and 0 90 .

(iii) Find the value of for which the perimeter is a maximum. [2]

(iv) Find the value of for which the perimeter is 10 2 13 m. [2]

Tajong Katong Prelim 2014 Paper 2 / Qn 11

6
W A X

18 m
12 m
C
B

Z D E Y
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The diagram shows a rectangle WXYZ. Two lines AB and AC are to be drawn on the rectangle such that
AB = 18 m, AC = 12 m and angle BAC = 90.

AC makes an angle of with WX, where can vary such that 0 90 .

D and E are the feet of the perpendiculars from B and C to the line YZ respectively.

(i) Show that DE can be expressed as 12 cos 18 sin . [2]

(ii) Express DE in the form R cos( ) , where R > 0 and is an acute angle. [4]

(iii) Find the range of values of DE. [2]

(iv) Given that DE = 20 m, find the values of . [2]

Fuhua Prelim 2014 Paper 2 / Qn 8

7. In the diagram, ACDE is a quadrilateral in which B is a point on line AC directly below

point E, AED ACD 90 , AE 5 cm and DE 2 cm.

E
E

2 cm
D

5 cm

A
B C
(i) Show that perimeter, P cm, of the quadrilateral, is given by 7 7 sin 3 cos . [3]

(ii) By expressing P in the form R sin( ) k , where R 0 and 0 , state the
2
maximum value of P and find the corresponding value of . [4]

(iii) Find the value of for which P 12 . [2]

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CCSS Prelim 2014 Paper 2 / Qn 13

P Q

7 cm

6 cm

S R B

In the diagram , PQRS is a rectangle. PB meets QR at A where RAB SPB .

PA 7 cm and AB 6 cm.

(i) Show that the perimeter, L , of PQRS is given by L 14 sin 26 cos . [3]

(ii) Express L in the form L R cos( ) , where L 0 and is acute. [3]

(iii) Given that is acute, find the value of when L 28 cm. [2]

Fairfield Prelim 2014 Paper 2/ Qn 6

9 The diagram shows a model of a playground ABCD. The angles ABC and ADC are right
angles. AD is 4m and CD is 8m. The perimeter of the playground is P m.

B C

A

4m 8m

D
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(i) Show that P = 4 cos 12 sin 12 . [4]

(ii) Express P in the form R cos 12 where R > 0 and is acute. [4]

(iii) Find the value of for which P is a maximum. [2]

Bendemeer Secondary Prelim 2 2014 Paper 2/ Qn 9

10

The diagram above shows two rods PQ and QR of length 3 m and 8 m

respectively and PQR 90 Rollers are fixed at point P and Q such that P is
able to move along the wall and Q is able to move along the celling. The
horizontal distance of R from the vertical wall is D m.

(i) Show clearly that D = 3sin 8 cos . [2]

(ii) Express D in the form R cos( ) where R >0 and 0 90 . [3]

(iii) Find the value of for which D = 6 m. [2]

(iv) Find the maximum value of D and the corresponding value of . [2]
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Bendemeer Secondary Prelim 2 2013 Paper 2/ Qn 9

11. In the diagram below, ABCD is a rectangle and the line PQ is perpendicular to the lines
AP and QR. The points B and C lie on PQ and QR respectively, AB = 10 cm, AD = 24 cm
and DCR = where is an acute variable angle.

10

24

(i) Show that the length of PQ is (10 sin 24 cos ) cm [3]

(ii) Express (10 sin 24 cos ) in the form of R sin( ) where R >0 and is acute.

[3]
(iii) Find the value of when PQ = 12 cm [2]
(iv) Find the maximum length of PQ and state the corresponding value of . [2]

Bukit Batok Prelim 2013 Paper 2/ Qn 9

12. The diagram shows an isosceles triangle AOB, with OA = OB = 2cm and an isosceles
triangle COD with OC = OD = 4cm. = 90 and = . The sum of the
areas of triangle AOB and triangle COD is S cm2.

4 cm
B

xo
A
O 2 cm
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(i) Show that = 2 sin + 8 cos . [1]

(ii) Express S in the form of sin( + ) where R > 0 and is acute. [4]
Given that x can vary, find
(iii) the value of x for which S = 6, [2]
(iv) the maximum value of S and the corresponding value of x. [3]

Bukit View Secondary Prelim 2013 Paper 2/ Qn 9

13
J
I

Y
24 cm
7 cm

The diagram above shows the chords HJ and IK, and they intersect at the point Y.
Given that HI = 7 cm, JK = 24 cm, HYK 90 and KJY , where varies.
(i) Prove that HJ 7 sin 24 cos . [3]
(ii) Express HJ in the form R cos( ) , stating the value of R and of . [3]
(iii) Find the maximum length of HJ and the corresponding value of .
Hence, state the radius of the circle. [3]
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First Toa Payoh Secondary Prelim 2013 Paper 1/ Qn 9

14 The diagram below shows the plan of a rectangular table ABCD, in a corner of
a classroom.
A O

1.2 m
0.5 m
D
B

E
C

Given that the dimensions of the table are 1.2m by 0.5m and that OAD = q ,
(i) obtain an expression for OE in terms of , [2]
(ii) express OE in the form of Rsin(q + a ) . [2]
Hence,
(iii) find the value of for which
(a) OE has a maximum length, [2]
(b) OE = 0.75m. [2]

Bukit Batok Prelim 2014 Paper 2 / Qn 10

15. In the diagram, ABCD is a square frame of side 2 m, CD makes an angle of radian,

where 0 , with the horizontal DX. h is the perpendicular distance from B to DX.
2

(i) Obtain an expression for h in terms of . [2]

(ii) Express h in the form of sin( + ), where R is positive and is acute. [4]

(iii) Find the maximum value of h and the corresponding

B value of . [2]

A h
C

D X
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Hougang Prelim 2 2014 Paper 2/ Qn 4

16. In the diagram below, ABCD is an artefact to be mounted at the corner of a featured wall, in
which ABC = 90, AD = 8 m, CD = 13 m and BAD = BCD = . Light strips will be
installed around the artefact ABCD and the total length of the light strip is L m.
A

8m

13 m

B C
(a) Show that L can be expressed as + + , where p, q and r are constants to
be found. [3]
(b) Express L in the form + ( ), where is an acute angle and R is a constant.
[4]
(c) The total length of the light strip used is found to be 50 m. Find the value of . [2]

Fajar Secondary Prelim 2014 Paper 2/ Qn 9

17 ABCD is a rectangle. A line through B, at an angle to BC, intersects AD at F and CD

produced at E, where BF = 8 cm and FE = 7 cm.

B C

8 cm

F
A D

7 cm

(i) Show that the perimeter P cm, of ABCD, is given by P 16 sin 30 cos . [2]
A Maths Topical Revision

(ii) Express P in the form R sin( ) where R 0 and 0 90 . [4]

Given that varies,
(iii) find the value of for which P = 23, [2]
(iv) state the maximum perimeter of ABCD and the corresponding value of . [3]

Bedok View Secondary Prelim 2014 Paper 2/ Qn 4

18 In the figure below, OX = 6 cm, OY = 3 cm and XPO XOY YQO 90 .

X

Y
6 cm

3 cm

P O Q

(i) Show that PQ 6 sin 3 cos . [2]

(ii) Express PQ in the form R sin( ) where R 0 and 0 90 . [3]
(iii) Find the maximum value of PQ and the corresponding value of . [2]
(iv) Find the value of for 0 90 when PQ = 5 cm. [2]

Clementi Town Prelim 2014 Paper 2/ Qn 11

19 P

17 cm
31 cm S

Q R
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In the diagram, P, Q, R and S are points on the circle such that PQ 31 cm, PS 17 cm, and
QRS 90.

It is given that PQR , where is a variable acute angle, and QR RS k cm.

(i) Show that k 48 sin 14 cos . [3]
(ii) Express k in the form R sin( ), where R 0 and 0 90. [2]
(iii) State the greatest possible value of k and find the value of at which this occurs. [3]
(iv) Find the size of the angle PSR when k 36. [4]

Westwood Prelim 2014 Paper 2/ Qn 8

The diagram shows the side view of a tentage BCD such that BC = 5 m, CD = 2
20
m,
BCD 90 and CBA . BA is the length of the shadow under the tentage
cast by the noon sun such that DA is perpendicular to BA.
C
2m

5m D

A
B

(i) Show that BA can be expressed as p cos q sin , where p and q are
constants to be found. [2]

(ii) Express BA in the form R cos , where R 0 and 0 90 . [4]

(iii) Hence, find the value of for which

(a) BA is maximum, [2]

(b) BA 4 m . [3]
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Edgefield Secondary Prelim 2014 Paper 2/ Qn 10

21 The diagram shows an L-shaped rod ABC leaning against a vertical wall.

Given that AB = 5 cm, BC = 18 cm, AOC = ABC = 90and OAB = (180 x) ,

(i) show that OC = (5 sin x + 18 cos x) cm, [2]
(ii) express OC in the form of Rsin x , where R > 0 and 0 90 , [3]
(iii) find the maximum value of OC and the corresponding value of x, [2]
(iv) find the value of x for which OC = 10 cm. [3]

B
5 cm
A
18 cm

(180 - x)

O C