Sulzer Chemtech Moving Ahead

Trays Sulzer Chemtech

Nathalie Casas, 09.03.2017

Outline
Sulzer Chemtech

How Trays work: limitation via 3 Mechanisms

Jet flood, DC flood (or velocity) & DC backup
Types of Perforations
Sieve, Float valve, Fixed valve, Bubble cap
Types of Downcomers
Conventional: Straight DC, Sloped DC
Enhanced: Truncated DC, ModArc DC & StepArc DC

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

Sulzer Tray Portfolio
Sulzer Chemtech

Sulzer Technology Sulzer-Shell Alliance

Conventional Chordal Downcomer Multi Downcomer Ultra-High

Trays High Performance Trays High Performance Trays capacity

Floating Valves Enhanced Deck Enhanced Deck Shell Calming Section (CS) Shell ConSep
and Downcomer
BDH / BDP MVG Shell CS Plus Shell Swirl Tube
VGPlus
Round Valve MMVG Shell HiFi
VG AF
Fixed Valves Shell HiFi Plus
SVG / LVG
Sieve
Bubble Cap
Dual Flow
Baffle
Shower Deck
Disc & Donut

Cartridge

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

HPT: Where To Apply What
Sulzer Chemtech

Low and Atmospheric Medium Dehydrator

and High Ultra
Atmospheric and Medium and Glycol
System Limit
Pressure Pressure Pressure Contactor

MVG X X

VGPlus X X X

Shell CS X X

Shell HiFi X X

Shell CS Plus X X

Shell HiFi Plus X X

Shell ConSep X X X

Shell Swirl Tube X

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

Overview
Sulzer Chemtech

How Trays Work: limitation via 3 Mechanisms

Deck Performance
Dry drop
Pressure drop
Jet flood
Downcomer Performance
DC flood (or DC velocity)
DC backup
DC headloss
Flow Path Length
Weir Height

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

 How Trays Work
Sulzer Chemtech

Excessive entrainment - This happens in spray

regime.

Entrainment flooding Entrainment Flooding -This happens in froth

regime. Froth envelope approaches the tray above
and so entrainment rapidly increases causing the
liquid accumulation on tray above.
Vapor flow rate

Downcomer flooding - When liquid flow rates

Area of exceeds a certain limit , the downcomer entrance
satisfactory operation becomes too small, the frothy mixture is not able to
enter into downcomer.
Weep point

Excessive weeping

Dump point

Liquid flow rate

Weep point - liquid descending through tray openngs.The weep point is defined as the vapor rate when the weeping
becomes first noticeable. At that point little efficiency is lost.
Excessive weeping - As vapor rate is reduced further, so much liquid is falling through the openings which causes
significant reduction in tray efficiency .
Dump point - All the liquid on tray deck falls through the openings and none reaches downcomer.
Area of Satisfactory operation - a good tray performance

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

How Trays Work
Sulzer Chemtech

F = V *V0.5 Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

How Trays Work
Sulzer Chemtech

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

How Trays Work
Sulzer Chemtech

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

How Trays Work
Sulzer Chemtech

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

How Trays Work
Sulzer Chemtech

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

How Trays Work
Sulzer Chemtech

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

How Trays Work
Sulzer Chemtech

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

Types of Perforations
Float Valve Sulzer Chemtech

RV4 has a similar capacity to RV1, but less dry drop

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

Types of Perforations
Float Valve Sulzer Chemtech

Snap In
easy to install and minimize damage in transportation
mainly used with Shell CS & Shell HiFi

Caged Valve
Good turndown and less dry drop
as in the partially open status, dry drop ~ the weight of the moving plate

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

Types of Perforations
Float Valve Sulzer Chemtech

BDH
Advantages:
No rotation, broad leg
Minimize liquid gradient, lateral release
Minimize weeping, orientation is parallel to liquid flow

BDH Conventional BDH-F Fast-in

Orientation Orientation free

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

Types of Perforations
Fixed Valve Sulzer Chemtech

SVG for fouling service

HP MVG & MMVG, high capacity & low dry drop
Fixed Valve 3 times stronger
Conclusions:
If Size , Capacity and Dry drop

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

Types of Perforations
Bubble Cap Sulzer Chemtech

Super turndown
High pressure drop
High entrainment
High liquid gradient
Expensive 3 & 4 in 6 in

Tray
Spacing

Entrainment
accelerating
distance

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

 Types of Downcomer
Conventional DC Sulzer Chemtech

Straight DC Sloped DC

Sloping leads to a big bubbling area, but sloping might introduce stagnation

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

Types of Downcomer
Conventional DC Sulzer Chemtech

Stagnation area
Column is round, and sloping DC leads to more stagnation area

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

Types of Downcomer
Enhanced DC Sulzer Chemtech

Truncated DC StepArc ModArc

Red line: Extra bubbling area

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

Types of Downcomer
Truncated DC Sulzer Chemtech

Straight DC

Truncated DC

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017

Types of Downcomer
Enhanced DC Sulzer Chemtech

StepArc: top view: normal chordal DC, bottom view: swept back
ModArc: top view: swept back, bottom view: sweptback
These two DCs applied to Side DC only

Tray Training General / NaC / 2017