Magento

Community Edition
User Guide

Version 2.1
 Contents

GETTING STARTED 1

CHAPTER 1: Welcome 3

Resources 5

Join the Conversation! 8

CHAPTER 2: About This Release 11

System Requirements 12

Installation 15

Prelaunch Checklist 16

Your Login Credentials 18

For Your Records 19

CHAPTER 3: Your Magento Account 21

Creating a Magento Account 22

Sharing Your Account 25

CHAPTER 4: Quick Tour 29

The Path to Purchase 30

Home Page 32

Catalog Page 34

Search Results 36

Product Page 38

Shopping Cart 40

Customer Journey 42

Attract New Customers 44

Engage Your Customers 45

Moment of Purchase 47

ii Copyright 2017 Magento, Inc. All rights reserved.

Contents

Increase Average Order Value 48

Customer Retention 50

Loyalty & Advocacy 51

Success! 52

Basic Configuration 55

CHAPTER 5: Store Admin 57

Admin Sign In 58

Your Admin Account 60

Admin Sidebar 61

Admin Workspace 63

Dashboard 64

Message Inbox 68

Global Search 71

Grid Controls 72

Grid Layout 73

Actions Control 75

CHAPTER 6: Store Details 81

Store Information 82

Locale Options 84

State Options 85

Country Options 86

Merchant Location 88

Currency 89

Store Email Addresses 90

Contact Us 92

CHAPTER 7: Storefront Branding 95

Uploading Your Logo 96

Adding a Favicon 99

Changing the Welcome Message 101

Copyright Notice 102

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Store Demo Notice 104

CHAPTER 8: Websites, Stores & Views 107

Scope 108

Changing Scope 109

Product Scope 112

Price Scope 114

Customer Account Scope 116

Scope Quick Reference 117

Single Store Mode 119

CHAPTER 9: Industry Compliance 121

PCI Compliance Guidelines 122

Privacy Policy 123

Cookie Law Compliance 125

Cookie Restriction Mode 126

Cookie Reference 128

PRODUCTS 131

CHAPTER 10: Products Menu 133

CHAPTER 11: Product Catalog 135

Catalog Workspace 136

Catalog URLs 139

Dynamic Media URLs 142

Using a Flat Catalog 144

CHAPTER 12: Creating Products 149

Product Workspace 150

Default Field Values 153

Product Types 155

Simple Product 157

Configurable Product 162

iv Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

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Part 1: Creating a Configurable Product 163

Part 2: Adding Configurations 166

Grouped Product 175

Virtual Product 182

Bundle Product 187

Customizing the Bundle 188

Downloadable Product 198

Configuring Download Options 207

CHAPTER 13: Product Settings 209

Advanced Product Settings 210

Other Product Settings 211

Content 213

Configurations 214

Product Reviews 215

Images and Video 216

Search Engine Optimization 217

Related Products, Up-Sells, and Cross-Sells 219

Related Products 219

Up-sells 221

Cross-sells 223

Customizable Options 226

Product in Websites 230

Design 232

Scheduled Design Update 233

Gift Options 234

Downloadable Information 234

Grouped Products 235

Bundle Items 236

CHAPTER 14: Managing Pricing 237

Advanced Pricing 238

Group Price 241

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide v

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Special Price 243

Tier Price 244

Minimum Advertised Price 246

MAP Logic 246

Configuring MAP 248

CHAPTER 15: Managing Inventory 253

Stock Options 258

Product Stock Options 260

Stock Message Scenarios 262

Product Page Stock Messages 262

Product Page Stock Messages 262

Catalog Page Stock Messages 264

Catalog Page Stock Messages 264

Product Alerts 266

Product Alert Run Settings 268

CHAPTER 16: Images and Video 269

Uploading Product Images 270

Adding Product Video 273

Media Gallery 276

Image Zoom 277

Light Boxes and Sliders 277

Placeholders 278

Watermarks 279

Swatches 282

Creating Swatches 284

CHAPTER 17: Categories 289

Creating Categories 290

Root Categories 296

Hidden Categories 299

Content Settings 300

Display Settings 301

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Search Engine Optimization 302

Products in Category 303

Design Settings 304

CHAPTER 18: Using Product Attributes 307

Adding an Attribute 308

Attribute Input Types 313

Date & Time Options 315

MARKETING 317

CHAPTER 19: Marketing Menu 319

CHAPTER 20: Shopping Tools 321

Opportunities to Engage 322

Email a Friend 323

Wish List 326

Configuring the Wish List 327

Sharing a Wish List 329

Product Relationships 331

Compare Products 332

Recently Viewed / Compared Products 334

Product Reviews 335

Product Ratings 337

Promotions 339

CHAPTER 21: Catalog Price Rules 341

Creating a Price Rule 342

Price Rule with Multiple SKUs 348

CHAPTER 22: Cart Price Rules 351

Creating a Cart Price Rule 352

Coupon Codes 364

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Configuring Coupon Codes 366

Coupons Report 367

Free Shipping Promotion 368

Buy X Get Y Free 372

Discount with Minimum Purchase 374

Communications 379

CHAPTER 23: Email 381

Supported Email Clients 382

Preparing Your Email Logo 384

Configuring Email Templates 385

Configuring Sales Email 387

Payment Failed Email 390

Configuring Admin User Email 391

Customizing Email Templates 392

Header Template 393

Footer Template 397

Message Template 401

Email Template List 405

Configuring Email Communications 413

CHAPTER 24: Sales Documents 415

Preparing Your Invoice Logo 416

Adding Reference IDs to Header 418

Customer Address Templates 420

CHAPTER 25: Newsletters 423

Configuring Newsletters 424

Newsletter Templates 426

Sending Newsletters 428

Managing Subscribers 430

CHAPTER 26: RSS Feeds 433

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CHAPTER 27: Using Variables 437

Adding Predefined Variables 438

Adding Custom Variables 439

Markup Tags 441

Custom Variable 441

Using Markup Tags in Links 444

Variable Reference 447

SEO & Search 451

CHAPTER 28: Catalog Navigation 453

Top Navigation 454

Breadcrumb Trail 456

Product Listings 458

Pagination Controls 461

Layered Navigation 463

Layered Navigation with Filterable Attributes 464

Price Navigation 468

Configuring Layered Navigation 471

CHAPTER 29: Catalog Search 473

Quick Search 474

Advanced Search 475

Search Results 477

Weighted Search 478

Configuring Catalog Search 479

CHAPTER 30: Search Terms 481

Popular Search Terms 482

Adding Search Terms 484

Search Terms Report 486

CHAPTER 31: SEO Best Practices 487

Meta Data 488

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Canonical Meta Tag 490

Using a Sitemap 492

Sitemap Configuration 493

Search Engine Robots 496

CHAPTER 32: URL Rewrites 499

URL Rewrite Configuration 500

Automatic Redirects 501

Creating URL Rewrites 503

Product Rewrites 504

Category Rewrites 509

CMS Page Rewrites 514

Custom Rewrites 518

CHAPTER 33: Google Tools 523

Google Analytics 524

Google AdWords 525

CONTENT 529

CHAPTER 34: Content Menu 531

CHAPTER 35: Pages 535

Core Content 536

Default Pages 539

Workspace Controls 540

Page Search 543

Page Actions 546

Page Grid Layout 547

Adding a New Page 549

Switching Home Pages 554

Media Storage 555

Using the Editor 558

Inserting a Link 558

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Inserting an Image 559

Inserting a Widget 560

Inserting a Variable 561

Configuring the Editor 562

CHAPTER 36: Content Blocks 563

Adding New Blocks 564

Adding Social Plugins 566

Adding a Lightbox or Slider 569

Positioning Blocks 570

Using a Widget 572

Using a Layout Update 575

CHAPTER 37: Widgets 577

Widget Types 578

Creating a Widget 579

New Products List 584

Design & Theme 589

CHAPTER 38: Design Menu 591

Design Configuration 593

CHAPTER 39: Page Setup 595

HTML Head 596

Header 597

Footer 598

CHAPTER 40: Page Layout 599

Standard Page Layouts 600

Storefront Examples 602

Layout Updates 605

Standard Block Layout 606

Layout Update Examples 609

Layout Update Syntax 612

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Controlling Block Order 616

XML Load Sequence 617

CHAPTER 41: Themes 619

Using the Default Theme 620

Installing a New Theme 622

Theme Assets 623

Merging CSSFiles 625

Merging JavaScript Files 626

Scheduling Design Changes 627

CUSTOMERS 629

CHAPTER 42: Customers Menu 631

All Customers 633

Now Online 634

CHAPTER 43: Customer Accounts 637

Customer Sign In 638

Account Dashboard 640

Configuring Customer Accounts 642

Online Session Length 643

Login Landing Page 644

New Account Options 645

Name and Address Options 647

Password Options 649

CHAPTER 44: Customer Groups 651

SALES 655

CHAPTER 45: Sales Menu 657

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Point of Purchase 661

CHAPTER 46: Shopping Cart 663

Cart Configuration 664

My Cart Link 665

Cart Sidebar 666

Redirect to Cart 667

Quote Lifetime 668

Minimum Order Amount 669

Cart Thumbnails 672

Persistent Cart 674

Persistent Cart Workflow 675

Remember Me 676

Continue Persistence on Logout (No) 676

Clear Persistence on Logout (Yes) 676

Configuring a Persistent Cart 678

CHAPTER 47: Shopping Assistance 681

Creating Customer Accounts 682

Updating Customer Accounts 687

Creating a Customer Order 689

Updating an Order 692

CHAPTER 48: Checkout 695

Checkout Step 1: Shipping 696

Checkout Step 2: Review & Payments 697

Order Confirmation 698

Checkout Configuration 699

Checkout Options 700

Guest Checkout 701

Terms and Conditions 702

One Page Checkout 705

Gift Options 706

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Checkout Totals Sort Order 707

Order Management 709

CHAPTER 49: Orders 711

Order Workspace 714

Order Actions 716

Order Search 717

Order Grid Layout 719

Order Workflow 721

Processing Orders 722

Allow Reorders 724

Order Status 725

Order Status Workflow 727

Custom Order Status 728

Scheduled Order Operations 732

Pending Payment Order Lifetime 732

Scheduled Grid Updates 733

CHAPTER 50: Invoices 735

Creating an Invoice 736

Printing Multiple Invoices 742

CHAPTER 51: Billing Agreements 743

CHAPTER 52: Shipments 745

CHAPTER 53: Transactions 747

CHAPTER 54: Credit Memos 749

Product Return Workflow 753

Issuing a Credit Memo 754

Printing Credit Memos 757

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Payments 759

CHAPTER 55: Recommended Solutions 761

PayPal Express Checkout 762

Requirements 762

Checkout Workflow 763

Checkout Workflow 763

Setting Up PayPal Express Checkout 764

PayPal In-Context Checkout 776

PayPal Billing Agreements 778

PayPal Settlement Reports 780

Braintree 782

Setting Up Braintree 782

Other PayPal Solutions 791

PayPal Payments Advanced 793

Requirements 793

Checkout Workflow 794

Checkout Workflow 794

Order Processing Workflow 794

Order Processing Workflow 794

Setting Up PayPal Payments Advanced 795

PayPal Payments Pro 796

Requirements 796

Checkout Workflow 796

Checkout Workflow 796

Order Processing Workflow 797

Order Processing Workflow 797

Setting Up PayPal Payments Pro 798

PayPal Payments Standard 799

Merchant Requirements 799

Checkout Workflow 799

Checkout Workflow 799

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide xv

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Setting Up PayPal Payments Standard 800

PayPal Payflow Pro 801

Requirements 801

Customer Workflow 801

Customer Workflow 801

Online Order Processing Workflow 802

Online Order Processing Workflow 802

Setting Up PayPal Payflow Pro 802

PayPal Payflow Link 803

Requirements 803

Customer Workflow 803

Customer Workflow 803

Order Workflow 804

Order Workflow 804

Setting Up PayPal Payflow Link 805

PayPal Quick Reference 806

PayPal Business Account 807

PayPal Fraud Management Filter 808

PayPal by Country 809

CHAPTER 56: Basic Payment Methods 811

Check / Money Order 812

Cash On Delivery 814

Bank Transfer 816

Purchase Order 818

Zero Subtotal Checkout 820

CHAPTER 57: Other Payment Methods 823

Authorize.Net Direct Post 824

Shipping 825

CHAPTER 58: Shipping Settings 827

Point of Origin 828

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Multiple Addresses 829

Shipping Policy 830

CHAPTER 59: Basic Shipping Methods 831

Free Shipping 832

Flat Rate Shipping 834

Table Rates 836

Dimensional Weight 843

CHAPTER 60: Carriers 845

CHAPTER 61: Shipping Labels 847

Shipping Label Workflow 848

Configuring Shipping Labels 849

Creating Shipping Labels 853

Label Packages 860

REPORTS 865

CHAPTER 62: Reports Menu 867

Refresh Statistics 869

CHAPTER 63: Marketing Reports 871

CHAPTER 64: Review Reports 873

CHAPTER 65: Sales Reports 875

CHAPTER 66: Customer Reports 879

CHAPTER 67: Product Reports 881

CHAPTER 68: New Relic Reporting 883

New Relic Queries 885

OPERATIONS 893

CHAPTER 69: Stores Menu 895

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CHAPTER 70: All Stores 897

Adding Store Views 898

Editing a Store View 900

Adding a Language 902

Translating Products 904

Translating Content 906

Adding Stores 907

Adding Websites 911

Store URLs 913

Use Secure Protocol 913

Using a Custom Admin URL 919

CHAPTER 71: Configuration 921

CHAPTER 72: Taxes 923

Tax Rules 924

Tax Classes 928

Configuring Tax Classes 929

Default Tax Destination 930

EU Place of Supply for Digital Goods 931

Fixed Product Tax 932

Configuring FPT 933

Price Display Settings 938

Tax Zones and Rates 941

Import/Export Tax Rates 943

Value Added Tax (VAT) 946

Configuring VAT 946

VATValidation 949

Configuring VAT ID Validation 951

Tax Quick Reference 956

Tax Calculation Methods 956

Catalog PricesWith or Without Tax 957

Shipping Prices With or Without Tax 957

xviii Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

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Tax Amounts as Line Items 957

International Tax Guidelines 958

U.S. Tax Guidelines 960

Canadian Tax Guidelines 962

EU Tax Guidelines 967

Warning Messages 973

Calculation Settings 973

Discount Settings 974

CHAPTER 73: Currency 975

Currency Configuration 976

Currency Symbols 980

Updating Currency Rates 981

CHAPTER 74: Attributes 983

Product Attributes 984

Creating Product Attributes 989

Attribute Sets 994

System 997

CHAPTER 75: System Menu 999

CHAPTER 76: Data Transfer 1003

Working with CSV Files 1004

Product CSV Structure 1004

Customer CSV Structure 1006

Data Validation 1007

Import 1009

Import History 1014

Importing Product Images 1015

Import Guidelines 1017

Export 1019

Export Criteria 1021

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide xix

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Export Filters 1022

Exclude Attributes 1022

Product Attribute Reference 1023

Complex Data 1034

Advanced Pricing 1036

Customer Attribute Reference 1038

CHAPTER 77: Integrations 1041

Magento Marketplace 1046

Magento Connect 1047

CHAPTER 78: Permissions 1049

Adding Users 1050

Locked Users 1053

User Roles 1054

Alternate Media Storage 1057

Using a Database 1058

Database Workflow 1058

Using a Content Delivery Network 1060

CDN Workflow 1060

CHAPTER 79: Security 1063

Security Best Practices 1064

Start Right 1064

Protect the Environment 1065

Protect Magento 1067

Dont be Taken for a Ride 1067

Be Prepared! 1068

Monitor for Signs of Attack 1068

Follow Your Disaster Recovery Plan 1069

Configuring Admin Security 1071

CAPTCHA 1074

Admin CAPTCHA 1075

Customer CAPTCHA 1078

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Encryption Key 1080

Session Validation 1081

Browser Capabilities Detection 1083

Action Log 1084

CHAPTER 80: Tools 1085

Cache Management 1086

Full-Page Cache 1090

Index Management 1092

Index Trigger Events 1094

Backups 1097

Cron (Scheduled Tasks) 1099

Advanced Developer Tools 1101

Frontend Development Workflow 1102

Using Static File Signatures 1103

Optimizing Resource Files 1104

Developer Client Restrictions 1106

Template Path Hints 1107

Translate Inline 1109

Web Setup Wizard 1113

Component Manager 1114

Web Setup 1119

APPENDICES 1125

APPENDIX A: Release Notes 1127

APPENDIX B: Change Log 1129

APPENDIX C: Glossary 1131

APPENDIX D: Configuration Reference 1141

INDEX 1143

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide xxi

 Contents

About This Guide

This guide answers the why, where, and how questions that most merchants have when
learning to use Magento. Youll find lots of step-by-step instructions, screenshots and
examples, plus a comprehensive online configuration reference that is linked throughout
the material. After learning the basics, you can use this guide as a springboard to more
advanced topics and resources.

Online User Guide

The online (HTML) guide is the primary user
documentation for the current release of Magento
Community Edition 2.1. The content is continually
updated to provide you with the best possible assistance.
To learn about recent additions or changes to existing
topics, see the Change Log at the end of the guide.

PDF User Guide

Youll find the same great information in the PDF user
guide, based on the date last updated. Simply click the
link to open the PDF in your browser. You can also right-
click the download link to save the file to your computer.
See the Documentation Archive for previous versions of
the user guide. Updated: 11 May, 2017

xxii Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

GETTING STARTED

1
 Contents
This section of the guide provides an overview Welcome
of the resources that are available to you as a
member of the Magento community. Youll learn About This Guide
about the current release, and how to log into Resources
your Magento account. Finally, youll take a Join the Conversation!
guided tour of Magento from two different
About This Release
perspectives, with links you can explore to learn
more about each topic. System Requirements
Installation
Prelaunch Checklist
Your Login Credentials
For Your Records

Your Magento Account

Creating a Magento Account
Sharing Your Account

Quick Tour
Path to Purchase
Home Page
Catalog Page
Search Results
Product Page
Shopping Cart

Customer Journey
Attract New Customers
Engage Your Customers
Moment of Purchase
Increase Average Order Value
Customer Retention
Loyalty & Advocacy
Success!

Basic Configuration

2
 CHAPTER 1:

Welcome
Welcome to the next generation of the worlds leading digital commerce platform! Built on
open-source technology, Magento Community Edition 2.1 provides online merchants with
unparalleled flexibility and control over the look, content, and functionality of their online
stores. Magentos intuitive Admin features powerful marketing, search engine optimization,
and product management tools that give you the power to create sites that are tailored to your
unique business needs. Robust and scalable, Magento offers you a stable, secure, and
customizable solution for your growing business.

Home Page

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 3

 CHAPTER 1: Welcome

About This Guide

This guide answers the why, where, and how questions that most merchants have when
learning to use Magento. Youll find lots of step-by-step instructions, screenshots and
examples, plus a comprehensive online configuration reference that is linked throughout the
material. After learning the basics, you can use this guide as a springboard to more advanced
topics and resources.

Online User Guide

The online (HTML) guide is the primary user
documentation for the current release of Magento
Community Edition 2.1. The content is continually
updated to provide you with the best possible assistance.
To learn about recent additions or changes to existing
topics, see the Change Log at the end of the guide.

PDF User Guide

Youll find the same great information in the PDF user
guide, based on the date last updated. Simply click the
link to open the PDF in your browser. You can also right-
click the download link to save the file to your computer.
See the Documentation Archive for previous versions of
the user guide. Updated: 11 May, 2017

4 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

CHAPTER 1: Welcome Resources

Resources
Magento provides a wealth of business and technical resources, self-help tools, and services to
help you succeed.

Product Documentation
Whether youre a merchant, designer, developer, or all of
the above, this is where youll gain a deeper insight into
how you can leverage the power of Magento to grow your
business.

Magento Resources Library

Gain access to expert insight and online business
resources to help develop and improve your store.
Ebooks, Magento whitepapers, and webinars.

Security Center
Join Magentos Security Alert Registry to get the latest
information on potential vulnerabilities and Security Best
Practices.

Forums
The Magento forums provide access to a network of
dedicated Magento enthusiasts who share tips, tricks
and support.

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 5

Resources CHAPTER 1: Welcome

Blog
Check out the Magento blog for the latest information
about new features, trends, best practices, upcoming
events, and more!

Webinars
Don't worry if you miss a live webinar! You can find the
archived version here.

Video Archive
Catch up and review archived sessions from Imagine
2016!.

Events
Keep tabs on our calendar of upcoming events. There's
always something happening in the Magento ecosystem!

6 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

CHAPTER 1: Welcome Resources

Magento Marketplace
Visit Magentos next-generation marketplace of digital
commerce solutions. Magento Marketplace offers
merchants a curated selection of solutions, while
providing qualified developers the tools, platform, and
prime location for a thriving business.

Training & Certification

Learn how to unleash the power and flexibility of
Magento. We provide training for every role in your
business, including marketers, designers, developers,
and more. Experienced Magento professionals can
validate their real-world skills by earning Magento
certification.

Partners
Magento partners are committed to your success, and
provide custom integrations, best-in-class customer
experiences, strategic marketing initiatives, and expert
performance and scalability optimization for both on-
premise and cloud-based solutions.

Expert Consulting Services

Our Expert Consulting Group (ECG) helps Magento
merchants and Solution Partners maximize their
success. Our experts offer comprehensive analysis and
best practice recommendations, from architecture
planning through post-deployment.

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 7

Join the Conversation! CHAPTER 1: Welcome

Join the Conversation!

Keep up with the latest news from the ecosystem, and connect with other merchants and
developers on social media networks.

Magento Forums
This is the place to find solutions, become acquainted
with international communities, and join a special interest
chat! Share your knowledge and earn kudos from others!

Facebook
Find out whats happening and join the discussion on our
Facebook page!

Twitter
Follow us on Twitter!

LinkedIn
Join a Magento group on LinkedIn.

8 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

CHAPTER 1: Welcome Join the Conversation!

Google+
Add us to your circle on Google+.

YouTube
Learn while you watch videos
on our YouTube channel!

Meetup
Find a Magento Meetup near you!

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 9

10 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide
 CHAPTER 2:

About This Release

As a best practice, we recommend that you keep your Magento installation up to date, so you
can benefit from the latest advancements. Release notes provide a detailed description of the
changes in each product release, with links to additional technical information, installation
instructions, and support resources. To learn more about current and past releases, see Release
Information.

Magento Community Edition

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 11

System Requirements CHAPTER 2: About This Release

System Requirements
For the most up-to-date information, see System Requirements in the developer
documentation.

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

ENVIRONMENT

Operating System Linux x86-64

Composer Composer is required for developers who want to contribute to code

base,or develop extensions.

Web Server Apache 2.2 or 2.4 The apache mod_rewrite module must be
enabled. To learn more, see:Apache.

Nginx 1.8.x (or latest mainline version)

PHP 7.0.4 Magento 2.1.2 and later only.

7.0.2 , Magento 2.1.x (all versions)

7.0.6 to 7.1.0

5.6.5 and later Magento 2.1.2

5.6.x Magento 2.1.0 and 2.1.1

Not Supported:

PHP 7.1, 5.4 Not Supported

PHP 7.0.5 Known issue that affects code

compiler.

Required PHP Extensions:

bc-math (Enterprise Edition only)
curl
gd, ImageMagick 6.3.7 (or later) or both
intl
mbstring
mcrypt
mhash
openssl
PDO_MySQL
SimpleXML
soap

12 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

CHAPTER 2: About This Release System Requirements

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

xml
xsl
zip
Optional, but recommended

opcache This extension is bundled in many PHP

distributions. To verify, see: CentOS or
Ubuntu.

php_xdebug2.2.0 Recommended for development

or later environments only.

Additional configuration:
safe_mode off
memory_limit minimum 512 MB

Database MySQL 5.7or 5.6.x

Compatible with MariaDB and Percona
Magento Enterprise Edition 2.x can use three master databases to
provide scalability for the different functional areas of checkout,
orders, and product data.

SSL A valid security certificate is required for HTTPS.

Self-signed certificates are not supported.
Transport Layer Security (TLS) Requirements:

TSL 1.1 or later PayPal and repo.magento.com require TSL

1.1 or later.

Mail Server Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) or SMTPserver

Supported Applications
NAME DESCRIPTION
Reverse Proxy / Web Varnish 3.5
Accelerator Varnish 4.x (or latest stable version.)

Cache Storage Redis 3.x

Memcache 1.4.x

Session Storage memcached latest stable version for session storage with either
memcache or memcached PHP extensions (latest stable version)

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 13

System Requirements CHAPTER 2: About This Release

Supported Applications (cont.)

NAME DESCRIPTION
Search Elasticsearch Versions 1.7 and 2.x (recommended)
2.x supported from Linux repository.
2.0 branch supported from PHPrepository.

Apache Solr (Enterprise Edition only)

Messaging RabbitMQ (Enterprise Edition only)

Supported Browsers
BROWSER VERSION OS

STOREFRONT/ADMIN

Firefox Latest, latest -1* Any

Chrome Latest, latest -1 Any
Safari Latest, latest -1 Mac OS
Microsoft Edge Version 11 or later Windows

STOREFRONT ONLY

Internet Explorer Version 9 or later Windows

DESKTOP STOREFRONT

Safari Mobile iPad 2

iPad Mini
iPad with Retina Display OS 7 or later

MOBILE STOREFRONT

Safari Mobile iPhone 4 or later IOS 7 or later

Chrome for Mobile Latest, latest -1 Android 4 or later

* The version before the most current.

14 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

CHAPTER 2: About This Release Installation

Installation
To install Magento 2 on your server, see the Installation Guide in our technical documentation.
For an overview of the second part of the installation process, see Web Setup Wizard in the
System Operations section of this guide.

Installation Guide

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 15

Installation CHAPTER 2: About This Release

Prelaunch Checklist
After you complete the design, development, and testing of your store, check the following
configuration settings to make sure everything is correct before the store goes live. For a
comprehensive description of every configuration setting, see the Configuration Reference.

General Settings
Store URLs
Verify that the store URLs for the storefront and Admin are correct for a live production
environment.

Security Certificate
Before launching your store, install a 100% Signed and Trusted Security Certificate for
the domain specified in the Base URL.

Store Email Addresses

Complete all the email addresses that are used to send and receive email notifications,
such as new orders, invoices, shipments, credit memos, product price alerts,
newsletters, and so on. Make sure that each field contains a valid business email
address.

Marketing Settings
Email Templates
Update the default email templates to reflect your brand. Make sure to update the
configuration if you create new templates.

Sales Communications
Make sure that your invoices and packing slips include the correct business information
and reflect your brand.

Google Tools
Magento is integrated with Google API to allow your business to use Google Analytics
and Google AdWords.

16 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

CHAPTER 2: About This Release Installation

Sales & Marketing Settings

Cart Options
Take a look at the cart configuration settings, to see if theres anything that you want to
change. This is where you can set the minimum order amount and lifetime of the prices in
the cart.

Checkout Options
Take a look at the checkout options, to see if theres anything that you want to change.
This is where you can set up terms and conditions, and configure guest checkout.

Taxes
Make sure that taxes are properly configured according to your business tax rules and
local requirements.

Shipping Methods
Enable all carriers and shipping methods to be used by the company.

PayPal
If you plan to offer your customers the convenience of paying with PayPal, open a PayPal
Merchant Account, and set up a payment method. Run some test transactions in
Sandbox Mode before the store goes live.

Payment Methods
Enable the payment methods that you plan to use, and make sure that they are properly
configured. Check the order status settings, accepted currency, allowed countries, and
so on.

System Settings
Cron (Scheduled Tasks)
Cron jobs are used to process email, catalog price rules, newsletters, customer alerts,
Google sitemaps, update currency rates, and so on, Make sure that Cron jobs are set to
run at the appropriate time interval, in minutes.

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 17

Installation CHAPTER 2: About This Release

Your Login Credentials

Before you go any further, make sure that you have the information that you need to access the
Admin of your store, and your Magento account.

Storefront URL
The address for your storefront is usually the domain that is assigned to your IP
address. Some stores are installed the root, or topmost directory. Others are
installed in a directory below the root. Your store might be located in a subdomain
that is associated with your primary domain. Your store URL might look like one of
the following:

http://mydomain.com

http://www.mydomain.com/mystore

http://www.mydomain.com/mystore

http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

If you dont yet have a domain, your store URL will include a series of four numbers,
each separated by a period in dotted quad notation.

Admin URL
The address for your store Admin was set up during the installation. The default
address is the same as your store, but with /admin at the end. Although the
examples in this guide use the default directory, we recommend that run your
Admin from a location that is unique to your store.

http://mydomain.com/admin

http://www.mydomain.com/admin

Magento Account
Your Magento account provides access to information about your products and
services, account settings, billing history, and support resources. to access your
account, visit the Magento site and click the My Account link in the header.

Customer Account
While youre learning your way around the store, make sure to set up a test
customer account, so you can experience the store and checkout process from the
customers perspective.

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CHAPTER 2: About This Release Installation

For Your Records

As a best practice, keep a record of the details of your installation, your login credentials, and
the email address that is associated with each account. You can print this page, write down
your credentials, and keep it in a safe, convenient place.

Store and Admin

Store URL:

Admin URL:

Admin User Name:

Admin Password:

Admin Email Address:

Magento Account

User Name:

Password:

Email Address:

Test Customer Account

User Name:

Password:

Email Address:

Installation Information

Installation Date:

Magento Version:

Encryption Key:

Database Name:

DatabaseUser Name:

Database Password:

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 19

20 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide
 CHAPTER 3:

Your Magento Account

Your Magento account has a separate login from your store, and can be accessed from either the
Magento website or from your stores Admin. From the dashboard of your Magento account,
you can find information that is related to the products and services that you have purchased,
as well as your contact and billing information.

Your Magento Account

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 21

Creating a Magento Account CHAPTER 3: Your Magento Account

Creating a Magento Account

Anyone can open a free Magento account from our website. The email address that is used to
open a Magento account can be associated with only one account, and the screen name that
you enter becomes your identity in the Magento forums.

To create a Magento account:

1. Visit the Magento site at: http://www.magento.com

2. In the upper-right corner, choose My Account. Then under New Customers, tap Register.

Log In to Your Account

3. Under Personal Information, do the following:

a. Enter your First Name, Last Name, and Email Address.

b. Set My Company Primarily to the best description of what your company does. Then, set
My Role to the best description of what you do for the company.

4. Under Login Information, do the following:

a. Enter a Screen Name to identify you in the Magento Community Forums.

Your screen name can be from four to fifteen characters long, can include numbers and the
underscore, but must start with a letter.

b. Enter a Password for your account. Then, enter it again to confirm.

Your password can be from eight to sixteen characters long, and must include at least one
capital letter, one number, and one special character or one lowercase letter.

c. When complete, tap Submit. Your account dashboard appears.

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CHAPTER 3: Your Magento Account Creating a Magento Account

Create an Account

To log in to your Magento account:

1. Go to the Magento site: http://www.magento.com

2. In the upper-right corner, click My Account.

3. Enter the Email address that is associated with your account. Then, enter your Password.

4. When complete, tap Login.

To receive a new password:

1. If you forget your password, click Forgot Your Password?

2. Enter the Email Address that is associated with your account, and tap Submit.

You will receive an email from Magento with a temporary password that you can use to log
into your account. Then, reset your password from the dashboard of your account.

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Creating a Magento Account CHAPTER 3: Your Magento Account

To reset your password:

1. Log in to your Magento account.

2. In the panel on the left, choose Account Settings. Then, tap Change Password

3. Enter your Current Password.

If you forgot your password, enter the temporary password that was sent to you.

4. Enter your New Password. Then, enter it again to confirm.

Your Magento password must be between 8-16 characters, and include at least one capital letter,
one number, and one special character or lowercase letter.

5. When complete, tap Save.

Change Password

Magento Account Password Requirements

FIELD DESCRIPTION
Password Your Magento password must be between 8-16 characters, and
include at least one capital letter, one number, and one special
character or lowercase letter.

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CHAPTER 3: Your Magento Account Sharing Your Account

Sharing Your Account

Your Magento account contains information that can be useful to trusted employees and service
providers who help to manage your site. As the primary account holder, you have authority to
grant limited access to your account to other Magento account holders. When your account is
shared, all sensitive informationsuch as your billing history or credit card information
remains protected. It is not shared at any time with other users.

All actions taken by users with shared access to your account are your sole responsibility. Magento
Inc. is not responsible for any actions taken by users to whom you grant shared account access.

Shared Access

To set up a shared account:

1. Before you begin, get the following information from the new users Magento account:

l Account ID
l Email address

2. Log in to your Magento account.

3. In the panel on the left, under Shared Access, choose Add New User. Then, do the following:

l Enter the Acct ID of the new users Magento account.

l Enter the Email address that is associated with the new users Magento account.

4. In the Shared Information section, do the following:

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Sharing Your Account CHAPTER 3: Your Magento Account

a. Enter a Sharename to identify your shared account. Because the Sharename becomes an
option in the Switch Accounts list, it should be something that the other person will
recognize as your account.

b. To share your personal contact information, mark the checkbox of each item that you want
to make available to the other person:

l Your Email
l Your Phone

5. In the Grant Account Permissions section, mark the checkbox of each Magento product and
service that you want to share.

6. When complete, tap Create Shared Access.

You are notified when the new role is saved, and the new user record appears in the Manage
Permissions section of the Shared Access page. Magento also sends an email invitation with
instructions for accessing the shared account to the new user.

Manage Permissions

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To access a shared account:

1. When you receive the invitation to a shared account, log in to your own Magento account.

Your account dashboard has a new Switch Accounts control in the upper-right corner, with
options for My Account and the name of the shared account.

2. To gain access to the shared account, set Switch Accounts to the name of the shared account.

The shared account displays a welcome message and contact information. The left panel
includes only the items that you have permission to use.

Switch Accounts

3. When you are ready to return to your own account, set Switch Accounts to My Account.

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28 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide
 CHAPTER 4:

Quick Tour
In this quick tour, well take a look at each page that customers usually visit while shopping in
your store. The path that customers follow that leads to a sale is sometimes called the path to
purchase. Then, well take a look at the major landmarks along the journey, and how Magento
Community 2.1 can be used to attract and engage customers, increase the average order, and to
build loyalty and advocacy.

Customer Journey

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The Path to Purchase CHAPTER 4: Quick Tour

The Path to Purchase

The path customers follow that leads to a sale is sometimes called the path to purchase. In
this quick tour, well take a look at pages of strategic value that customers usually visit while
shopping in your store. Then, well consider different store features that can be leveraged at
each stage of the customer journey.

Home Page
Your home page is like the front window display of your
store. As the primary landing page, its design entices
visitors to come inside for a closer look.

Catalog Page
This page shows products from your catalog in either a
list or grid format. The selection can be based on a
category chosen from the main menu, a choice made in
the layered navigation on the left, or the results of a
search. Any item can be examined in more detail, or
placed directly into the shopping cart.

Search Results
Did you know that people who use search are nearly
twice as likely to make a purchase as those who rely on
navigation alone? You might consider these shoppers to
be pre-qualified.

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Product Page
The product page provides detailed information about a
specific item in your catalog. Shoppers can read reviews,
add the product to their wish lists, compare it to other
products, share the link with friends, and most
importantly, place the item into their shopping carts.

Shopping Cart
The shopping cart lists each item by price and quantity
selected, and calculates the subtotal. Shoppers can
apply discount coupons, and generate an estimate of
shipping and tax charges.

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The Path to Purchase CHAPTER 4: Quick Tour

Home Page
Did you know that most people spend only a few seconds on a page before they decide to stay
or go somewhere else? Thats not long to make an impression! Studies show that people also
love photographs, especially of other people. Whatever design you choose, everything on your
home page should move visitors along toward the next step in the sales process. The idea is to
guide their attention in a cohesive flow from one point of interest to the next.

Callouts

l Main Menu

l Search

l Your Account

l Feature a Brand

l Offer a Promotion

l Offer a Discount

l Hear from an Expert

l Appeal to a Lifestyle

l Shop by Fabric

l Popular Products

l Footer Links Block

l Footer Content

l Subscribe!

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Home Page

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 33

The Path to Purchase CHAPTER 4: Quick Tour

Catalog Page
Catalog page listings typically have small product images and brief descriptions, and can be
formatted as a list or as a grid. You can add banners, videos, and keyword-rich descriptions,
and also create special designs for a promotion or season. You might create a special category
to feature a lifestyle or brand that is a curated collection of products from different categories.
The initial product description usually gives shoppers just enough information to merit a closer
look. People who know what they want can add the product to their carts and go. Customers
who shop while logged in to their accounts enjoy a personalized shopping experience.

Callouts

l Mini Shopping Cart

l Breadcrumb Trail

l Change the List Style

l Sort the List

l Filter the List

l Go to Next Page

l Read a Review

l Show More per Page

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Catalog Page

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The Path to Purchase CHAPTER 4: Quick Tour

Search Results
Did you know that people who use search are nearly twice as likely to make a purchase as those
who rely on navigation alone? You might consider these shoppers to be pre-qualified.

Your store has a Search box in the upper-right corner, and a link to Advanced Search in the
footer. All of the search terms that shoppers submit are saved, so you can see exactly what
theyre looking for. You can offer suggestions, and enter synonyms and common misspellings.
Then, display a specific page when a search term is entered.

Callouts

l Search Criteria

l Sort By

l Search Results

l Show per Page

l Next Page

l Advanced Search

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Search Results Page

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The Path to Purchase CHAPTER 4: Quick Tour

Product Page
The product page has a lot going on! The first thing that catches your eye on the product page
is the main image with a high-resolution zoom and thumbnail gallery. In addition to the price
and availability, theres a tabbed section with more information and a list of related products.

Callouts

l Mini Shopping Cart

l A little help

l Product Rating

l Stock Availability

l Choose the Options

l Zoom

l Buy it Now!

l Email a Friend

l Add to Your Wish List

l Compare Products

l Thumbnail

l Product Details

l Add All to Cart

l Related Products

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Product Page

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The Path to Purchase CHAPTER 4: Quick Tour

Shopping Cart
The cart is where order total can be determined, along with discount coupons and estimated
shipping and tax, and is a great place to display your trust badges and seals. Its also an ideal
opportunity to offer one last item. As a cross-sell, you can select certain items to be offered as
an impulse purchase whenever a specific item appears in the cart.

Callouts

l One Item in Cart

l Change the Quantity

l Estimate Shipping & Tax

l Go to Checkout

l Edit Line Item

l Update the Cart

l Checkout with Multiple Addresses

l Use a Coupon

l Cross-sells

l Special Price

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Shopping Cart Page

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Customer Journey CHAPTER 4: Quick Tour

Customer Journey
Attract New Customers
Magento Community Edition 2.1 includes SEO
functionality out of the box. Improve your search ranking
and attract the most visitors to your site.

Engage Your Customers

Design your site with prepared templates, or create a
custom design with features that invite people to interact
with your store.

Increase AOV
Increase average order value with promotions and
content that encourage your customers to shop more.

Moment of Purchase
Give your customers a faster and easier way to check
out. Calculate shipping and taxes automatically, and
integrate multiple payment methods on a single page.

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Customer Retention
Create and manage newsletters and promotions to keep
your customers coming back for more.

Loyalty & Advocacy

Encourage customers to write product reviews, create
wish lists, and send email about products to their friends.
Strengthen your relationship with your customers, who in
return, speak positively of your business to friends
andfamily.

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Customer Journey CHAPTER 4: Quick Tour

Attract New Customers

Magento Community Edition 2.1 is packed with features that make it easy to create a search
engine friendly websites and increase the likelihood of bringing the right customers to your
site.

Search Engine Optimization

Magento offers powerful, native capabilities to streamline Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
practices for content and site exposure that are integrated with the Admin, and tied directly into the
user experience.

Custom URLs
Custom URLs are short, clean, and easy to remember. You can also autogenerate search-friendly
URLs to streamline your purchase path.

Meta Data
Improve your search engine rankings by choosing specific criteria that helps search engines to find
and index your products more easily. Meta data can be entered for product, category, and content
pages.

Sitemap
Link to a sitemap from the footer of your store to give customers an overview of the catalog structure,
with links to all categories and products in the store. Easy integration with Google Sitemap.

Analytics
In addition to monitoring your site from the Admin dashboard, you can integrate third-party analytics
tools such as Google Analytics and for detailed statistics on traffic and sales.

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Engage Your Customers

Magento Community Edition 2.1 makes it easy to create a customized, engaging site
experience. Encourage your customers to spend more time exploring your site, and give them
the tools to make it easy to find what they want faster.

Content Management
Magentos CMS makes it easy to store pages, orparts of
pages, that you can use in your store. Even those without
a technology background can create and manage site
content.

Design & Theme

Control the visual elements of your store with a collection
of templates and skin files. You can apply these visual
elements to all pages in your store, giving your store a
cohesive look and feel.

Multiple Stores, Sites & Views

Control the look and feel of multiple sites, introduce new
market and languages, and track analytics from a single
Admin.

Multiple Devices
Magentos powerful features make it easy to create
storefronts optimized for iPhone, Android, and Mobile
Opera browsers to help you engage consumers with
mobile commerce now, and into the future.

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Customer Journey CHAPTER 4: Quick Tour

Shopping Tools
Your store includes a set of shopping tools that create
opportunities for your customers to interact with your
store, connect on social media, and share with friends.

Sophisticated Search
Filter product by price, manufacturer, or any other criteria
to reduce the time to purchase.

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Moment of Purchase
Now that youve given your customer an engaging shopping experience, make it easy for them
to complete their purchases. Magento is designed to help you streamline your checkout process
experience while boosting conversion rates.

Order Processing
Magento supports a complete order processing workflow. It's easy to customize order statuses and
track communications between sales reps and customers.

Shipping Labels
Merchants have complete control over package characteristics such as weight and size. Shipping
labels, rate, and bar code information originates directly from the carrier. Labels can be generated for
single or multiple orders.

Multiple Shipping Options

Magento supports a variety of shipping methods so you can give your customers a choice at
checkout. Customers can see a real-time estimate of shipping charges right from the shopping cart.

Multiple Payment Options

Magento Community Edition 2.1 supports the payment methods and currencies needed for global
commerce. You can choose the ones you want to offer, and at checkout, your customers can choose
the ones they prefer.

PayPal Merchant Solutions

It's easy to integrate a PayPal Payments account to provide your customers faster, more secure
checkout options.

Shopping Assistance
Assisted shopping makes it easy for customer service reps to create orders for customers. Customer
service reps have access to shopping cart contents, and can move items from a wish list to a
shopping cart, apply coupon codes, and more.

Security
Whether an order is fulfilled online or over the phone, Magento provides sophisticated security,
including CAPTCHA and SSL encryption, with best-in-breed encryption and hashing algorithms to
protect the security of the system.

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Customer Journey CHAPTER 4: Quick Tour

Increase Average Order Value

Magento Community Edition 2.1 provides a range of tools to help you tailor the shopping
experience, and encourage your customers to put more items in their shopping carts and spend
more money.

Use catalog and shopping cart price rules to create

promotions that kick into gear when a set of conditions is
met.

Coupons
Create limited-time offers and coupons that customers
can scan with their phone and apply to a purchase.

Product Suggestions
Another way to increase AOV is to offer suggestions for
related products and opportunities to up-sell and cross-
sell at strategic points along the path to conversion.

User Permissions &Roles

Restrict access to data in the Admin on a need to know basis. Create multiple admin roles for read-
only or and editing privileges. Track and review all activity at a granular level to specific stores and
websites.

Full-Page Caching
Enhance performance by caching primary pages. Caching pages improves server response times,
reduces load, and increases sustainable traffic.
You can use tags to define which components to cache, so only relevant pages are cached as
updates take place. It also has the ability to identify and differentiate visitors from shoppers.

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Index Management
Automatic reindexing takes place whenever prices change, shopping carts are updated, or new
categories created. Reindexing is a background process that does not interfere with store operations.

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Customer Journey CHAPTER 4: Quick Tour

Customer Retention
Magento makes it easy for you to get repeat business and build brand loyalty. Magento gives
you total control and flexibility over creating and revising goodies like rewards programs,
custom coupons and automated emails to keep your customers coming back again and again.

Custom Coupons
Create coupons codes for social media, email, or print
campaigns. You can incorporate coupon codes into any
design you like.

Newsletters
Stay in touch with current customers whove opted to
receive newsletters. You can create as many newsletter
templates as you want.

RSS Feed
When RSS feeds are enabled, any additions to products,
specials, categories, and coupons are automatically sent
to the subscribers of each feed. A link to all RSS feeds
that you publish is in the footer of your store.

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Loyalty & Advocacy

Give customers a direct connection to your brand by allowing them to create customer accounts
where they can see their purchase history, wishlist, and newsletter subscriptions. Use product
ratings and reviews to give new customers objective product opinions and promote a sense of
community. These features turn customer satisfaction into one of the most powerful and cost-
efficient marketing tools at your disposal.

Dashboard Snapshots
Knowing whats of interest on your site is crucial to
maximize your marketing budget. Use this information to
determine what you should cross- and up-sell to loyal
customers, or which products to put on sale.

Customer Accounts
Opening an account provides customers with a
personalized shopping experience that they can share
with their friends. Customers can save their shopping
preferences, and manage their own store billing and
shipping information.

Advocacy Tools
Customers who share wish lists make a powerful
endorsement of your brand. Wish lists become powerful
advocacy tools when shared by email or RSS feed, and
gift cards bring motivated new shoppers to your store.

Reviews & Ratings

Product reviews give your customers a way to engage
with your brand while fostering a sense of community.
You can curate your reviews with tools to help you edit
and approve comments for inappropriate content before
they go live.

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Customer Journey CHAPTER 4: Quick Tour

Success!
Opening your Magento store for business requires the following areas of consideration. While
there are virtually any number of customizations you can make to the storefront and Admin,
you can use each link in this is list as a place to start.

Implementation
If you need help setting up your store, you can choose
from our vast network of Magento Solutions Partners.

Design
You can use a prepared theme and design your own
home page, or work with an experienced Magento
designer or Magento Associate to customize your site.

Product Catalog
Configure products, create categories, import existing
product catalogs, and leverage APIs or third-party data
management solutions.

Payment Methods
Magento supports a wide variety of payment methods,
services, and gateways that you can offer for your
customers convenience.

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Shipping Methods
Magento shipping methods are easy to set up and give
you the ability to connect with carriers who can ship your
products all over the world.

Taxes
Manage your taxes with our native tools, or add third-
party extensions from Magento Marketplace.

Thanks for your order!

Magento can help you to build relationships with your
customers, and bring them back to your store, again and
again.

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54 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide
Basic Configuration

55
 Contents
This section of the guide introduces your store's Store Admin
Admin, and walks you through the basic
configuration settings. Youll learn the concepts Your Admin Account
of store hierarchy and configuration scope, and Admin Sidebar
establish best practices for industry standards Admin Workspace
and requirements. Dashboard
Message InBox
Global Search
Grid Controls
Actions Control

Store Details

Store Information
Locale Options
State Options
Country Options
Merchant Location
Currency
Store Email Addresses
Contact Us

Storefront Branding

Uploading Your Logo

Uploading a Favicon
Welcome Message
Store Demo Notice
Copyright Notice

Websites, Stores & Views

Configuration Scope
Single Store Mode

Industry Compliance

PCI Compliance
Privacy Policy
Cookie Law Compliance
Cookie Restriction Mode
Cookie Reference

56
 CHAPTER 5:

Store Admin
Your store Admin is the password-protected back office where you can set up products,
promotions, manage orders, and perform other administrative tasks. All basic configuration
tasks and store management operations are performed from the Admin.

l Admin Sign In
l Your Admin Account
l Admin Sidebar
l Admin Workspace

Your initial sign-in credentials were set up during the Magento installation. If you forget your
password, a temporary password can be sent to the email address that is associated with the
account. For increased security, you can configure your store to require a case-sensitive user
name and password. For additional security, the Admin login can be configured to require a
CAPTCHA. To learn more, see: Configuring Admin Security.

Admin Sidebar and Dashboard

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Admin Sign In CHAPTER 5: Store Admin

Admin Sign In
The first thing you will learn is how to sign in and out of the Admin, and to reset your
password. All of the instructions in the rest of this guide are written for a user with full
administrative privileges, and begin with the assumption that you are logged in to the Admin.
To learn more about Admin users and roles, see: Permissions

The Advanced Admin configuration determines how many times an admin user can try to log
in before the account is locked. By default, six attempts are allowed. To unlock a user account,
see: Locked Users.

Admin Sign In

To sign in to the Admin:

1. In the address bar of your browser, enter the URL that was specified during the installation,
followed by the base URLof your stores Admin. The default Admin URLs look something like
this:

http://www.yourdomain.com/admin

You can bookmark the page, or save a shortcut on your desktop for easy access.

2. Enter your Admin User Name and Password.

3. Tap Login.

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To reset your password:

1. If you forget your password, click the Forgot Your Password? link.

Forgot Password

2. Enter the Email Address that is associated with the Admin account.

3. Tap Retrieve Password.

If an account is associated with the email address, an email will be sent to reset your
password.

Your Admin password must be seven or more characters long, and include both letters and
numbers.

To sign out of the Admin:

In the upper-right corner, tap the Account ( ) icon. Then on the menu, choose Sign Out.

Sign Out
The Sign-In page returns, with a message that you are logged out. Its always a good idea to
sign out of the Admin whenever you leave your computer unattended.

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Your Admin Account CHAPTER 5: Store Admin

Admin Password Requirements

FIELD DESCRIPTION
Password An Admin password must be seven or more characters long, and
include both letters and numbers. For additional password options,
see: Configuring Admin Security.

Your Admin Account

Your Admin account was initially set up during the installation, and might contain placeholder
information. You can personalize your user name and password, and update your first and last
name, and email address at any time. To learn more about Admin accounts and roles, see:
Permissions.

To edit your account information:

1. In the upper-right corner, tap the Account ( ) icon. Then, choose Account Setting.

2. Make any changes necessary changes to your account information. If you change your login
credentials, make sure to write them down.

3. When complete, tap Save Account.

Account Information

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Admin Sidebar
The sidebar on the left is the main menu for your stores Admin, and is designed for both
desktop and mobile devices. The flyout menu provides access to all the tools you need to
manage your store on a daily basis.

Dashboard
The Dashboard provides a quick overview of the sales
and customer activity in your store, and is usually the
first page that appears when you log in to the Admin.

Sales
The Sales menu is where you can find everything related
to the operations of processing orders, invoices,
shipments, credit memos, and transactions.

Products
The Products menu controls everything related to your
product catalog and inventory.

Customers
The Customers menu is where you can manage
customer accounts, and see which customers are online
at the moment.

Marketing
The Marketing menu is where you set up catalog and
shopping cart price rules and coupons. Price rules trigger
actions when a set of specific conditions is met.

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Content
The Content menu is where you manage the content
elements and design of your store. You will learn how to
create pages, blocks, and frontend apps, and manage the
presentation of your store.

Reports
The Reports menu provides a broad selection of reports
that give you insight into every aspect of your store,
including sales, shopping cart, products, customers,
tags, reviews, and search terms.

Stores
The Store menu includes tools to configure and maintain
every aspect of your store.

System
The System menu includes tools install extensions and
manage Web Services for integration with other
applications.

Find Partners & Extensions

This is where you can find a marketplace Magento
Partners and solutions for your store.

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Admin Workspace
The Admin workspace provides access to all the tools, data, and content that you need to run
your store. The main pages have a grid that lists the data for the section, with a set of tools to
search, sort, filter, select, and apply actions.

Admin Workspace

Workspace Controls
CONTROL DESCRIPTION
Search The Global Search box can be used to find any value in the database,
including product, customer, and order records.

Sort The header of each column can be used to sort the list in ascending or
descending order.

Filter The filters in the header of each column can be used to limit the list to specific
values. Some filters have additional options that can be selected from a list
box, and for others, you can simply type the value you want to find.

Paginate The pagination controls are used to view the additional pages of results.

Actions The Actions control applies an operation to all selected records. To select a
record, mark the checkbox in the first column, or use the Mass Actions
control to select multiple records.

Mass Actions The Mass Actions control is used to select multiple records to be the target of
action. Options: Select All / Unselect All, Select Visible / Unselect Visible

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Dashboard
The dashboard is usually the first page that appears when you log in to the Admin, and gives
an overview of sales and customer activity. The blocks on the left provide a snapshot of lifetime
sales, average order amount, the last five orders, and search terms. The graph shows the orders
and amounts for the selected date range. You can use the tabs above the graph to toggle
between the two views. The tabs at the bottom provide quick reports about your best-selling
and most viewed products, new customers and those who have purchased the most.

The dashboard is the default startup page for the Admin, although you can change the
configuration to display a different page when you log in. You can also set the starting dates
used in dashboard reports, and disable the display of the charts section.

You can produce Dashboard snapshot reports for each store view. The tabs at the bottom of the
page summarize your best-selling and most viewed products, new customers, and those who
have purchased the most during the time period specified.

Dashboard

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To configure the chart:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Under Settings, choose Configuration. Then, do any of the
following:

Enable Charts

1. In the panel on the left, under Advanced, choose Admin.

2. In the Dashboard section, set Enable Charts to Yes.

Dashboard

Set the Beginning Dates

1. In the panel on the left under General, choose Reports.

2. In the Dashboard section do the following:

a. Set Year-To-Date Starts to the Month and Day.

b. Set Current Month Starts to the Day.

Dashboard

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Choose the Data Source

If you have a lot of data to process, the performance of the Dashboard can be improved by
turning off the display of real time data.

1. In the panel on the left, tap to expand Sales. Then, choose Sales.

2. Tap to expand the Dashboard section, and do the following:

l For real-time data, set Use Aggregated Data (beta) to Yes.

l For historical data, set Use Aggregated Data (beta) to No.

Dashboard

Change the Startup Page

1. In the panel on the left, tap to expand Advanced. Then, choose Admin.

2. Tap to expand the Startup Page section.

3. Choose the Startup Page that you want to appear when you log in to the Admin. The list
includes every page in the Admin menu structure.

Startup Page

2. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Dashboard Reports
REPORT DESCRIPTION
Sales The Dashboard reports on Lifetime Sales, Revenue, Tax, Shipping,
and Quantity for the time period specified.

Orders The Orders tab at the top displays a chart of all orders during the
specified time period. Below the chart is the total revenue, tax,
shipping, and quantity ordered. The lifetime sales amount and the last
five orders are on the left.

Amounts The Amounts tab at the top displays a chart of all order amounts
during the specified time period. The average order amount and the
last five orders are on the left.

Search Terms The last five search terms, and top five search terms appear on the
left.

Products The Bestsellers tab shows the price and quantity ordered of your
best-selling products. The products that have been viewed the most
during the specified time period are listed on the Most Viewed
Products tab.

Customers The Customers tab at the bottom lists the customers who have
ordered the most during the specified range of time. The New
Customers tab lists all new customers who have registered for an
account during the time period. On the left, the Last Orders section
lists the most recent orders by customer.

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Message Inbox
Your store receives messages from Magento on a regular basis. The messages might refer to
system updates, patches, new releases, scheduled maintenance or upcoming events, and are
rated by importance. The bell icon in the header indicates the number of unread messages in
your inbox.

Incoming Messages
Any message of critical importance appears in a pop-up window when you log into your store.
The notice continues to appear after each login until the message is either marked as read, or
removed.

Message of Critical Importance

The Notifications grid lists all messages ranked by severity, with the most recent at the top.
The Action commands can be used to mark individual messages as read, view more detailed
information, or to remove the message from the inbox.

The configuration determines how often the inbox is updated, and how the messages are
delivered. If your store Admin has a secure URL, notifications must be delivered over HTTPS.

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To view incoming messages:

1. Tap the Notification icon in the header, and read the summary. Then, do one of the following:

l If necessary, tap the message to display the full text.

l To delete the message, tap the delete icon to the right of the message.
l To display the Notifications grid, click See All.

2. For a message of critical importance, do one of the following:

l Click Read Details.

l To remove the popup, but keep the message active, tap Close.

To view all notifications:

1. Do one of the following:

l Tap the Notification icon in the header. Then in the footer of the summary, click See All.
l On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Other Settings, choose Notifications.

2. In the Action column, do any of the following:

l For more information, tap Read Details. The linked page opens in a new window.
l To keep the message in your inbox, tap Mark As Read.
l To delete the message, tap Remove.

All Notifications

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3. To apply an action to multiple messages, do one of the following:

l Mark the checkbox in the first column to select each message to be managed.
l To select multiple messages, set the Mass Actions control as needed.

4. Set the Actions control to one of the following:

l Mark as Read
l Remove

5. Tap Submit to complete the process.

To configure notifications:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. Scroll down, and in the panel on the left under Advanced, choose System.

3. Expand the Notifications section, and do the following:

a. If your store Admin runs over a secure URL, set Use HTTPS to Get Feed to Yes.

b. Set Update Frequency to determine how often your inbox is updated. The interval can be
from one to twenty-four hours.

Notifications

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Global Search
The spy glass in the header of the Admin can be used to find any record in the database. The
results can include customers, products, orders, or any related attribute. For example, if you
enter a customer name, the results might include the customer record as well as any orders
that are associated with the name.

Search

To find a match:

1. In the header, tap the spy glass ( ) to open the search box. Then, do one of the following:

l To find a close match, enter the first few letters of what you want to find.
l To find an exact match, enter the word, or multiple words that you want to find.

2. In the search results, click any item to open the record.

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Grid Controls
Admin pages that manage data display a collection of records in a grid. The controls at the top
of each column can be used to sort the data. The current sort order is indicated by an ascending
or descending arrow in the column header. You can specify which columns appear in the grid,
and drag them into different positions. You can also save different column arrangements as
views that can be used later. The Action column lists operations that can be applied to an
individual record. The data from the current view can be exported to a CSV or XML file.

Orders Grid

To sort the list:

1. Tap any column header. The arrow indicates the current order as either ascending or
descending.

2. Use the pagination controls to view additional pages in the collection.

To paginate the list:

1. Set the Pagination control to the number of records that you want to view per page.

2. Tap Next and Previous to page through the list, or enter a specific Page Number.

Next and Previous

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To filter the list:

1. Tap Filters.

2. Complete as many filters as necessary to describe the record you want to find.

3. Tap ApplyFilters.

Filter Controls

Grid Layout

The selection of columns and their order in the grid can be changed according to your
preference, and saved as a view. By default, only nine of twenty available columns are visible
in the grid.

Order Grid Columns

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To change the selection of columns:

1. In the upper-right corner, tap the Columns ( ) control. Then, do the following:

l Mark the checkbox of any column you want to add to the grid.
l Clear the checkbox of any column you want to remove from the grid.

2. Make sure to scroll down to see all available columns.

To move a column:

1. Tap the header of the column, and hold.

2. Drag the column to the new position, and release.

To save a grid view:

1. Tap the View ( ) control. Then, tap Save Current View.

2. Enter a name for the view. Then, click the arrow ( ) to save all changes.

The name of the view now appears as the current view.

To change the grid view:

Tap the View ( ) control. Then, do one of the following:

l To use a different view, tap the name of the view.

l To change the name of a view, tap the Edit ( ) icon. Then, update the name.

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Actions Control
When working with a collection of records in the grid, you can use the Actions control to apply
an operation to one or more records. The Actions control lists each operation that is available
for the specific type of data. For example, for product records, you can use the Actions control
to update the attributes of selected products, change the status from Disabled to Enabled,
or to delete records from the database. .

You can make as many changes as necessary, and then update the records in a single step. Its
much more efficient than changing the settings individually for each product.

The selection of available actions varies by list, and additional options might appear,
depending on the action selected. For example, when changing the status of a group of records,
a Status box appears next to the Actions control with additional options.

Applying an Action to Selected Records

Step 1: Select Records

The checkbox in the first column of the list identifies each record that is a target for the action.
The filter controls can be used to narrow the list to the records you want to target for the
action.

1. Mark the checkbox of each record that is a target for the action. Or, use one of the following
Actions to select a group of records:

l Select All / Unselect All

l Select All on This Page/ Deselect All on This Page

2. If needed, set the filters at the top of each column to show only the records that you want to
include.

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Step 2: Apply an Action to Selected Records

1. Set the Actions control to the operation that you want to apply.

Example: Update Attributes

1. In the list, mark the checkbox of each record to be updated.

2. Set the Actions control to Update Attributes, and tap Submit.

The Update Attributes page lists all the available attributes, organized by group in the
panel on the left.

Update Attributes
3. Mark the Change checkbox next to each attribute, and make the necessary changes.

4. Tap Save to update the attributes for the group of selected records.

2. When complete, tap Submit.

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Actions
ACTION DESCRIPTION
Select All Marks the checkbox of all records in the list.

Unselect All Clears the checkbox of all records in the list.

Select All on This Page Marks the checkbox of records on the current page.

Deselect All on This Page Clears the checkbox of records on the current page.

Actions by Grid
MENU LIST ACTIONS

SALES

Orders Cancel
Hold
Unhold
Print Invoices
Print PackingSlips
Print Credit Memos
Print All
Print Shipping Labels

Invoices PDF Invoices

Shipments PDF Shipments

Print Shipping Labels

Credit Memos PDF Credit Memos

PRODUCTS

Catalog Delete
Change Status
Update Attributes

CUSTOMERS

All Customers Delete

Subscribe to Newsletter
Unsubscribe from Newsletter
Assign a Customer Group
Edit

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Actions by Grid (cont.)

MENU LIST ACTIONS

MARKETING

Communications

Newsletter Subscribers Unsubscribe

Delete

SEO & Search

Search Synonyms Delete

Search Terms Delete

User Content

Reviews Delete
Update Status

CONTENT

Elements

Pages Delete
Disable
Enable
Edit

Blocks Delete
Edit

REPORTS

Refresh Statistics Refresh Lifetime Statistics

Refresh Statistics for the Last Day

STORES

Settings

Order Status Unassign

SYSTEM

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Actions by Grid (cont.)

MENU LIST ACTIONS
Tools

Cache Management Enable

Disable
Refresh

Backups Delete

Index Management Update on Save

Update by Schedule

Other Settings

Notifications Mark as Read

Remove

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 CHAPTER 6:

Store Details
The basic information for your store includes the store name and address, telephone number
and email address, that appear on email messages, invoices, and other communications sent to
your customers.

General Configuration

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Store Information
The Store Information section provides the basic information that appears on sales documents
and in other communications.

Store Information

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To enter your store information:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose General.

3. Expand the Store Information section, and do the following:

a. Enter the Store Name that you want to use in all communications.

b. Enter the Store Phone Number, formatted as you want it to appear.

c. In the Store Hours of Operation field, enter the hours your store is open for business. For
example: Mon - Fri, 9-5, Sat 9-noon PST.

d. Select the Country where your business is located.

e. Select the Region/State with the country.

f. Enter the Store Address. If the address is long, continue the address on Store Address
Line 2.

g. If applicable, enter the VAT Number of your store. To verify the number, click the Validate
VATNumber button.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Locale Options
The locale determines the language, country, tax rate, and other settings that are used
throughout the store. The Locale Options determine the time zone and language used for each
store, and identify the days of the work week in your area.

Locale Options

To set the store locale:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose General.

3. Expand the Locale Options section.

4. Select your Timezone from the list. Then, do the following:

a. Set Locale to the store language.

b. Set Weight Unit to the unit of measurement that is typically used for shipments from your
locale.

c. Set First Day of the Week to the day that is considered to be the first day of the week in
your area.

d. In the Weekend Days list, select the days which fall on a weekend in your area. (To select
multiple options, hold down the Ctrl (PC) or Command (Mac) key.)

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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State Options
In many countries, the state, province, or region is a required part of a postal address. The
information is used for shipping and billing information, to calculate tax rates, and so on. For
countries where the state is not required, the field can be omitted entirely from the address, or
included as an optional field.

Because standard address formats vary from one country to another, you can also edit the
template that is used to format the address for invoices, packing slips, and shipping labels.

State Options

To set up the state options:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose General.

3. Expand the State Options section, and do the following:

a. In the State is required for list, select each country where Region/State is a required entry.

b. Set the Allow to Choose State if It is Optional for Country field to one of the following:

Yes In countries where the state field is not required, includes the State field as an
optional entry.

No In countries where the state field is not required, omits the State field.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Country Options
The Country Options identify the country where your business is located, and the countries
from which you accept payment.

Country Options

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To set the country options for your store:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose General.

3. Expand the Country Options section, and do the following:

a. Choose the Default Country where your business is located.

b. In the Allow Countries list, select each country from which you accept orders. By default,
all countries in the list are selected. To select multiple countries, hold down the Ctrl (PC)
or Command (Mac) key.

c. In the Zip/Postal Code is Optional for list, select each country where you conduct
business that does not require a ZIP or postal code to be included as part of the street
address.

d. In the European Union Countries list, select each country in the EU where you conduct
business. By default, all EU countries are selected.

e. In the Top Destinations list, select the primary countries that you target for sales.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Merchant Location
The Merchant Location setting is used to configure payment methods. If no value is entered,
the Default Country setting is used.

Merchant Location

To enter the merchant location:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Payment Methods.

3. Expand the Merchant Location section. Then, choose your Merchant Country.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Currency
Currency Setup
Defines the base currency and any additional currencies
that are accepted as payment. Also establishes the
import connection and schedule that is used to update
currency rates automatically.

Currency Symbols
Defines the currency symbols that appear in product
prices and sales documents such as orders and invoices.
Magento support currencies from over two hundred
countries around the world.

Updating Currency Rates

Currency rates can be updated manually or imported into
your store as needed, or according to a predefined
schedule.

Currency Chooser
If multiple currencies are available, the currency chooser
appears in the header of the store.

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Store Email Addresses

You can have up to five different email addresses to represent distinct functions or departments
for each store or view. In addition to the following predefined email identities, there are two
custom identities that you can set up according to your needs.

l General Contact
l Sales Representative
l Customer Support

Each identity and its associated email address can be associated with specific automated email
messages and appear as the sender of email messages that are sent from your store.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Set Up the Email Addresses for Your Domain
Step 2: Configure the Email Addresses for Your Store
Step 3: Update the Sales Email Configuration

Step 1: Set Up the Email Addresses for Your Domain

Before you can configure email addresses for the store, each must be set up as a valid email
address for your domain. Follow the instructions from your server administrator or email
hosting provider to create each email addresses that is needed.

Step 2: Configure the Email Addresses for Your Store

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose Store Email Addresses.

3. Expand the General Contact section, and do the following:

General Contact
a. In the Sender Name field, type the name of the person to appear as the sender of any
email messages that is associated with the General Contact identity.

b. In the Sender Email field, type the associated email address.

4. Repeat this process for each store email addresses that you plan to use.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Step 3: Update the Sales Email Configuration

If you use custom email addresses, make sure to update the configuration of any related email
messages, so the correct identity appears as the sender.

1. In the panel on the left, under Sales, choose Sales Emails. The page has a separate section for
each of the following:

l Order and Order Comments

l Invoice and Invoice Comments
l Shipment and Shipment Comments
l Credit Memo and Credit Memo Comments

2. Starting with Order, expand the section for each message, and make sure that the correct
sender is selected.

Sales Email Order Configuration

3. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Contact Us
The Contact Us link in the footer of the store is an easy way for customers to keep in touch with
you. Customers can complete the form to send a message to your store.

Contact Us in Footer
After the form is submitted, a thank you message appears.

Contact Us Page

To configure Contact Us:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose Contacts.

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3. Expand the Contact Us section. If necessary, set Enable Contact Us to Yes.

Contact Us

4. Expand the Email Options section. Then, do the following:

Email Options

a. In the Send Emails to field, enter the email address where messages from the Contact Us
form are sent.

b. Set Email Sender to the store identity that appears as the sender of the message from the
Contact Us form. For example: Custom Email 2.

c. Set Email Template to the template that is used for messages sent from the Contact Us
form.

5. When compete, tap Save Config.

To customize the Contact Us form:

The Luma sample data includes a Contact Us Info block that can be customized for your store.
The contact-us-infoblock can be easily modified to add your own content to the Contact Us
page.

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Elements, choose Blocks.

2. Find the Contact Us Info block in the list, and open in Edit mode.

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Contact Us Info

3. Scroll down to the Content field, and make any changes necessary.

l Use the editor toolbar to format the text, and add images and links.
l Tap Show / Hide Editor to work directly with the HTML.

Contact Us Content

4. When complete, tap Save Block.

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Storefront Branding
One of the first things youll want to do is to change the logo in the header, and upload a
favicon for the browser. Youll also want to update the copyright notice in the footer,. These are
a few simple design tasks that you can take care of right away. While your store is in
development, you can turn on the store demo notice, and then remove it when youre ready to
launch.

Storefront Branding

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Uploading Your Logo

The size and location of the logo in the header is determined by the stores theme. Your logo
can be saved as either a GIF, PNG, JPG, or SVG file type, and uploaded from the Admin of
your store. The default Magento logo in the sample data is an SVG file, which is a scalable
XML-based vector graphic format.

Logo in Header
The logo image resides in the following location on the server. Any image file with by that
name and at that location is used as the theme logo.

Actual path: app/design/frontend/[vendor]/[theme]/web/images/logo.svg

Relative path: images/logo.svg

If you dont know the size of the logo, or any other image that is used in your theme, open the
page in a browser, right-click the image, and inspect the element.

In addition to the logo in the header, your logo also appears on email templates and on PDF
invoices and other sales documents. The logos used for email templates and invoices have
different size requirements, and must be uploaded separately. To learn more, see:
Communications.

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To upload your logo:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then underDesign, choose Configuration.

Design Configuration

2. Find the store view that you want to configure, and in the Action column, click Edit.

3. Expand the Header section. Then, do the following:

Header

a. To upload a new logo, tap Upload. Then, choose the file from your computer.

b. Enter the Logo Image Width and Logo Image Height.

c. In the Logo Image Alt field, enter the text that you want to appear when someone hovers
over the image.

4. When complete, tap Save Configuration.

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Logo File Formats

FILE FORMAT DESCRIPTION
PNG (Portable Network Graphics) This newer alternative to the GIF format
supports up to 16 million colors (24 bit). The lossless compression
format produces a high-quality bitmap image with crisp text, but a
larger file size than some formats. The PNGformat supports
transparent layers, and is designed to be both viewed and streamed
online. The related MNG (APNG) formats support simple animation.

GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) A widely supported, and older bitmap

format that is limited to 256 (8 bit) colors. The GIF format supports
simple animation and transparent layers.

JPG/JPEG (Joint Photographics Expert Group) A compressed bitmap format that

is used by most digital cameras. The lossy compression causes
some data loss, which is sometimes noticeable as blurry spots in
text.

SVG (Scalable Vector Graphic) An XML-based open standard, scriptable

vector format developed by the World Wide Web Consortium. SVG
files support both animation and interaction.

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Adding a Favicon
Favicon is short for favorite icon, and refers to the little icon on the tab of each browser page.
Depending on the browser, the favicon also appears in address bar, just before the URL.

Favicons are generally 16 x 16 pixels or 32 x 32 pixels in size. Magento accepts ICO, PNG, JPG,
and SVG file types, although not all browsers support these formats. The most widely-
supported file format to use for a favicon is ICO. Other image file types can be used, although
the format might not be supported by all browsers. There are many free tools available online
that you can use to generate an ICO image or convert an exiting image to the format.

Favicon in Address Bar

Process Overview:
Step 1: Create a Favicon
Step 2: Upload the Favicon to Your Store
Step 3: Refresh the Cache

Step 1: Create a Favicon

1. Create a 16 x 16 or 32 x 32 graphic image of your logo, using the image editor of your choice.

2. (Optional) Use one of the available online tools to convert the file to the .ico format. Then, save
the file to your computer.

Step 2: Upload the Favicon to Your Store

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Configuration.

2. In the grid, find the store view that you want to configure. Then in the Action column, click
Edit.

3. Under Other Settings, expand the HTML Head section. Then, do the following:

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HTML Head

a. Tap Upload. Then, navigate to the favicon file that you prepared, and tap Open.

Favicon

b. If you want to delete the current favicon, tap Delete ( ) in the lower-left corner of the
image. Then, upload another.

4. When complete, tap Save Configuration.

Step 3: Refresh the Cache

1. When prompted to refresh the cache, click the Cache Management link in the message at the
top of the workspace.

2. In the list, mark the Page Cache checkbox that is marked Invalidated.

3. Set Actions to Refresh. Then, tap Submit.

4. To view the new favicon, return to your storefront and press F5 to refresh the browser.

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CHAPTER 7: Storefront Branding Changing the Welcome Message

Changing the Welcome Message

The Welcome message in the header expands to include the name of the customer who is
logged in. Before you launch your store, be sure to change the default Welcome text for each
store view.

Welcome Message

To change the welcome message:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Configuration.

2. In the grid, find the store view that you want to configure. Then in the Action column, click
Edit. Then, do the following:

Design Configuration

a. Under Other Settings, expand the Header section.

b. Enter the Welcome Text that you want to appear in the header of your store.

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Header

3. When complete, tap Save Configuration.

4. When prompted to update the Page Cache, click the Cache Management link at the top of the
workspace. Then, follow the instructions to refresh the cache.

Copyright Notice
Your store has a copyright notice in the footer of each page. As a best practice, the copyright
notice should include the current year, and identify your company as the legal owner of the
content on the site.

Copyright Notice
The &Copy; character code is used to insert the copyright symbol, as shown in the following
examples:
Long Format Example

Copyright &Copy; 2016 Magento, Inc. All rights reserved.

Short Format Example

&Copy; 2016 Magento, Inc. All rights reserved.

To change the copyright notice:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Configuration.

2. In the grid, find the store view that you want to configure. Then in the Action column, click
Edit, and do the following:

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Design Configuration

a. Under Other Settings, expand the Footer section.

Footer
b. In the Copyright box, enter the copyright notice that you want to appear in the footer of
each page. Use the &Copy; character code to insert a copyright symbol.

3. When complete, tap Save Configuration.

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Store Demo Notice

If your store is online, but still under construction, you can display a store demo notice at the
top of the page to let people know that the store is not yet open for business. When you are
ready to go live, simply remove the message. Its like flipping the sign hanging in the window
from Closed to Open. The format of the demo notice is determined by the theme of your
store.

Store Demo Notice

To set the store demo notice:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Configuration.

2. In the grid, find the store view that you want to configure. Then in the Action column, click
Edit.

3. Under Other Settings, expand the HTML Head section.

4. Scroll down to the bottom, and set the Display Demo Store Notice to your preference.

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HTML Head

5. When complete, tap Save Configuration.

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Websites, Stores & Views

Every Magento installation has a hierarchy of website(s), store(s), and store view(s). The term
scope determines where in the hierarchy a database entity such as a product, attribute, or
category content element, or configuration setting applies. Websites, stores, and store views
have one-to-many parent/child relationships. A single installation can have multiple websites,
and each website can have multiple stores and store views.

Websites
Magento installations begin with a single website
which by default, is called Main Website. You
can also set up multiple websites for a single
installation, each with its own IPaddress and
domain.

Stores
A single website can have multiple stores, each
with its own main menu. The stores share the
same product catalog, but can have a different
selection of products and design. All stores under
the same website share the same Admin and
checkout.

Store Views
Each store that is available to customers is
presented according to a specific "view". Initially,
a store has a single default view. Additional store
views can be added to support different
languages, or for other purposes. Customers can
use the language chooser in the header to change
the store view.

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Scope
If your Magento installation has a hierarchy of websites, stores, or views, you can set the
context, or scope of a configuration setting to apply to a specific part of the installation. The
context of many database entities can also be assigned a specific scope to determine how it is
used in the store hierarchy. To learn more, see: Product Scope and Price Scope.

Some configuration settings such as postal code, have a [global] scope because the same value
is used throughout the system. The [website] scope applies to any stores below that level in the
hierarchy, including all stores and their views. Any item with the scope of [store view] can be
set differently for each view, and is typically used to support multiple languages.

Unless the store is running in Single Store Mode, the scope of each configuration setting
appears in small text below the field label. If your installation includes multiple websites,
stores or views, you should always choose the Store View where the settings apply before
making any changes.

Hierarchy of Websites, Stores, and Store Views

Scope Settings
SCOPE DESCRIPTION
Global System-wide settings and resources that are available throughout the
Magento installation.

Website Settings and resources that are limited to the current website. Each
website has a default store.

Store Settings and resources that are limited to the current store. Each
store has a default root category (main menu) and default store view.

Store View Setting and resources that are limited to the current store view.

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Changing Scope
The Store View chooser in the upper-left corner of many Admin pages filters the view of the
page for a specific scope, and also sets the value of some entities that are used by Magento. It
lists each level in the hierarchy by name, and is used to change the scope to another level. Any
settings that represent the current scope are grayed out, so only those that represent a scope
change are available. The scope is initially set to Default Config. For Admin users with
restricted access, the list of available store views includes only those which the user has
permission to access.

The checkbox to the right of many configuration settings can be used to either apply or override
the default setting, according to the current scope. The field value cannot be changed when the
checkbox is marked. To change the current value, first clear the checkbox, and then enter the
new value. You are prompted to confirm whenever you change scope. The checkbox label
changes according to the current scope, and always refers to the parent level which is one step
up in the hierarchy. Because the parent level is a container for all the items below that level,
the value from the parent level is inherited unless it is overridden.

Default Config with "Use System Value" Checkboxes

To set the configuration scope:

Before making a configuration setting that applies only to a specific website, store, or view, do
the following:

1. On the Admin sidebar, do one of the following:

l For most configuration settings, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.
l For design-related settings, tap Content. Under Design, choose Configuration. Then in the
grid, choose the applicable store view.

2. Navigate to the configuration setting to be changed. Then, do the following:

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a. In the upper-left corner, set Store View to the specific view where the configuration
applies. When prompted to confirm scope switching, tap OK.

A checkbox appears after each field, and additional fields might become available.

b. Clear the Use system value checkbox after any field that you want to edit. Then, update
the value for the view.

c. Repeat this process for every field that needs to be updated on the page.

3. When complete, tap Save Config.

Setting the Locale of the French Store View

Store Hierarchy
LEVEL DESCRIPTION
Default Config The default system configuration.

Main Website The name of the website at the top of the hierarchy.

Main Website Store The name of the default store that is associated with the parent
website.

Default Store View The name of the default store view that is associated with the parent
store.

Stores Configuration Jumps to the Stores grid, and is the same as choosing Stores > All
Storesfrom the Admin sidebar.

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Default Value Options

CHECKBOX DESCRIPTION
Use system value The Use system valuecheckbox appears when the configuration
scope is set to Default Config.

Use Default The Use Default checkbox appears when the configuration scope is
set to Main Website, and refers to the default store that is assigned
to the website.

Use Website The Use Website checkbox appears when the configuration scope
set to a specific store view. When marked, it uses the setting from
the parent website that is associated with the store view. In this
case, the store level is skipped because it is understood to apply to
the default store that is associated with the website.

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Product Scope
For installations with multiple websites, stores, and views, the scope setting determines where
products are available for sale, and the product information that is available for each store
view. Initially, all products that you create are published to the default website, store, and store
view.

Multisite Installation
If you have only a single store with the default view, you can run your store in Single Store
Mode to hide the scope settings. However, if your store has multiple views, a scope indicator
appears below the name of each field.

l To edit product information for a specific view, use the Store View control in the upper-left
corner to choose the view. Additional controls become available for any field that can be
edited at the store view level.
l To define the scope of a product in a multisite installation, see the Product in Websites
section of product information.

The process of editing a product for a store view is like adding a layer of product information
that is specific to the view.

In the following example, although the Spanish store view is selected, the product information
still appears in the original language of the default store view. To translate the product
information, you must switch to the Spanish view, and translate the text fields such as
product title, description, and the meta data. To learn more, see: Translating Products.

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To edit a product for a different view:

1. In the upper-left corner, set Store View to the specific view to be edited. When prompted to
confirm, tap OK to switch scope.

Store View

2. A checkbox appears below any field that can be edited for the store view. To override the default
value, clear the Use Default Value checkbox. Then, update the field with the new value for the
store view.

Translating Product Name for Spanish Store View

3. When complete, tap Save.

4. In the upper-left corner, set the Store View chooser back to the default.

5. To verify the change in your store, do the following:

a. In the upper-right corner, tap the Admin menu arrow. Then, choose Customer View.

Customer View
b. In the upper-right corner of the store, set the Language Chooser to the store view of the
product that you edited. Then, find the product that you edited for the view.

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Price Scope
The scope of the base currency that is used for product prices can be configured to apply at
either the global or website level. If applied at the global level, the same price is used
throughout the store hierarchy. If the price configuration is set to the website level, the same
product can be available at different prices in different stores. By default, the scope of catalog
pricing is global.

Different factors can affect the price of the same product in one location and not another. For
example, there might be additional costs to bring the product to market, and other
considerations that impact the price of products sold in a specific store. The following
illustration shows a multisite installation with the base currency set to the website level. In
each store, the same product has a different price.

Price Scope

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To configure price scope:

1. On the Admin menu, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog.

3. Scroll down to the Price section. Then, set Catalog Price Scope to one of the following:

l Global
l Website

The scope setting that you choose appears below price fields in your catalog.

Catalog Price Scope

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Customer Account Scope

The scope of customer accounts can be limited to the website where the account was created, or
shared with all websites and stores in the store hierarchy.

To set the scope of customer accounts:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Customers, choose Customer Configuration.

3. Expand the Account Sharing Options section.

Account Sharing Options

4. If necessary, clear the User system value checkbox. Then, set Share Customer Accounts to
one of the following:

Global Shares customer account information with every website and store in the
Magento installation.

Per Website Limits customer account information to the website where the account was
created.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Scope Quick Reference

SCOPE DESCRIPTION

GLOBAL

Admin All websites, stores, and store views in the installation are managed
from the same Admin.

Default Config The global default configuration settings are used through the store
hierarchy, unless they are overridden at a lower level.

Catalog Prices Catalog prices can be configured to be applied at either a global or

website level.

Product Configurations Attributes that are used as configurable product options must have a
global scope.

Customers Customer accounts can be configured to be applied at a global or

website level. Each website can have a separate set of customer
accounts, or share the same customer accounts with other websites
in the installation.

WEBSITE

Domain Additional websites can be set up as subdomains of the primary

domain, or have separate IPaddresses and dedicated domains.

Customers Customer accounts can be configured to be applied at a global or

website level. Each website can have a separate set of customer
accounts, or share the same customer accounts with other websites
in the installation.

Currency Each website can be assigned a different base currency. The base
currency is used to process all transactions, although a different
display currency might appear to the customer, according to the
locale of the store view.

Product Individual products are assigned to the hierarchy at the website level.
The Product in Websites setting identifies each website where the
product is available.

Catalog Prices Catalog prices can be configured to be applied at either a global or

website level.

Payment Methods Payment methods are configured at the website level, although the
title and instructions can be configured for each store view.

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SCOPE DESCRIPTION
Checkout The checkout process takes place at the website level, although
some display options can be configured for each store view.

STORE

Catalog Each store can have a separate catalog and main menu that is based
on a "root" category and subcategories. The Catalog grid lists all
products in the catalog.

Root Category Each catalog has a root category that is assigned at the store level.

Checkout All stores associated with a website have the same checkout
configuration.

STORE VIEW

Subcategories The subcategories that make up the main menu (under the root) are
assigned at the store view level.

Locale Each store view can be assigned a different locale. The display
currency, units of measurement, and most of the Admin interface are
specific to the locale.

Languages To support multiple languages, all content, including product

descriptions, must be translated for each store view.

Display Currency A different display currency can be used for each store view,
although the transactions are processed at the website level using
the base currency.

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Single Store Mode

If your Magento installation has only a single store and store view, you can simplify the
display by turning off all store view options and scope indicators. Most of the screenshots in
this guide were taken with Single Store Mode disabled to show the scope indicator for each
setting. Single Store Mode is overridden if you add more store views later.

Single Website, Store, and View

To set single store mode:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. Under General, scroll down to the bottom of the page, and expand the Single-Store Mode
section.

3. Set Enable Single-Store Mode to Yes.

Single Store Mode

4. Tap Save Config.

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5. When prompted to refresh the cache, do the following:

a. Tap the Cache Management link in the system message at the top of the page.

System Message
b. Mark the Page Cache checkbox.

c. With Actions set to Refresh, tap Submit.

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Industry Compliance
Magento Community Edition 2.1 offers a range of security and privacy capabilities that meet
legal requirements and industry guidelines for online merchants. Some are mandated by the
payment card industry, and others are required by law, depending on your location.

l Legal Requirements
l Industry Guidelines
l Best Practices

In this chapter, you will learn about PCI compliance, and the importance of establishing
procedures to protect payment information. You will also learn how to bring your store into
compliance with the Cookie Law, which is a requirement in some countries, and considered a
best practice in others. In addition, you will learn how to customize and maintain a privacy
policy for your store.

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PCI Compliance Guidelines

The Payment Card Industry (PCI) has established a set of requirements for businesses that
accept payment by credit card over the Internet. In addition to maintaining a secure server
environment, merchants who handle customer credit card information must meet the following
guidelines:

PCI Requirements
Install and maintain a firewall configuration to protect cardholder data.

Do not use vendor-supplied defaults for system passwords and other security
parameters.

Protect stored cardholder data.

Encrypt transmission of cardholder data across open, public networks.

Use and regularly update antivirus software.

Develop and maintain secure systems and applications.

Restrict access to cardholder data by business need to know.

Assign a unique ID to each person with computer access.

Restrict physical access to cardholder data.

Track and monitor all access to network resources and cardholder data.

Regularly test security systems and processes.

Maintain a policy that addresses information security.

To learn more, see: Magento Approach to PCI Compliance.

As your business grows, you may be required to file a compliance report on an annual basis.
PCI reporting requirements increase in proportion to merchant level, but are waived for
businesses that process fewer than 20,000 credit card transactions per year. To learn more,
visit the PCI Security Standards Council website.

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Privacy Policy
Your store includes a sample privacy policy that must be updated with your own information.
Your privacy policy should describe the type of information that your company collects, and
how it is used. It should also list the filenames of cookies that are placed on the computers of
people who visit your store. Any additional cookies that are associated with third-party
extensions and add-ons should be included in the list.

Privacy Policy

To edit your privacy policy:

The Luma sample data includes a sample privacy policy that you can modify for your use..

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Elements, choose Pages.

2. In the grid, find Privacy Policy. Then in the Action column, set Select to Edit.

3. Expand the Content section, and make the necessary changes to the content. To learn more,
see: Using the Editor.

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Content

If you change the URLkey of the privacy policy page, you must also create a custom URL rewrite to
redirect traffic to the new URL key. Otherwise, the link in the footer will return 404 Page Not
Found.

4. When complete, tap Save Page.

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Cookie Law Compliance

Cookies are small files that are saved to the computer of each visitor to your site, and used as
temporary holding places for information. Information that is saved in cookies is used to
personalize the shopping experience, link visitors to their shopping carts, measure traffic
patterns, and improve the effectiveness of promotions. To keep pace with legislation in many
countries regarding the use of cookies, Magento offers merchants a choice of methods for
obtaining customer consent:

Method 1: Implied Consent

Implied consent means that visitors to your store have a clear understanding that cookies are a
necessary part of operations, and by using your site, have indirectly granted permission to use
them. The key to gaining implied consent is to provide enough information for a visitor to
make an informed decision. Many stores display a message at the top of all standard pages
that provides a brief overview of how cookies are used, with a link to the stores privacy policy.
The privacy policy should describe the type of information that your store collects, and how it
is used.

Method 2: Expressed Consent

Operating your store in cookie restriction mode requires visitors to express their consent before
any cookies can be saved to their computers. Unless consent is granted, many features of your
store will be unavailable. For example, if Google Analytics is available for your store, it can be
invoked only after the visitor has granted permission to use cookies.

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Cookie Restriction Mode

When Cookie Restriction Mode is enabled, visitors to your store are notified that cookies are
required for full-featured operations. Depending on your theme, the message might appear
above the header, below the footer, or somewhere else on the page. The message links to your
privacy policy for more information, and encourages visitors to click the Allow button to grant
consent. After consent is granted, the message disappears.

Your privacy policy should include the name of your store and contact information, and
explain the purpose of each cookie that is used by your store. To learn more, see: Cookie
Reference.

If you change the URLkey of the privacy policy, you must also create a custom URL rewrite to
redirect traffic to the new URL key. Otherwise, the link in the Cookie Restriction Mode message will
return 404 Page Not Found.

Cookie Restriction Notice In Footer

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Step 1: Enable Cookie Restriction Mode

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose Web. Expand the Default Cookie Settings
section, and do the following:

Default Cookie Settings

a. Enter the Cookie Lifetime in seconds.

b. If you want to make cookies available to other folders, enter the Cookie Path. To make the
cookies available anywhere in the site, enter a forward slash.

c. To make the cookies available to a subdomain, enter the subdomain name in the Cookie
Domain field. (subdomain.yourdomain.com) To make cookies available to all subdomains,
enter the domain name preceded by a period. (.yourdomain.com)

d. To prevent scripting languages such as JavaScript from gaining access to cookies, make
sure that Use HTTPOnly is set to Yes.

e. Set Cookie Restriction Mode to Yes.

If necessary, clear the checkbox, and tap OK to confirm scope switching.

3. When complete, tap Save Config.

4. When prompted to update the cache, click the Cache Management link in the system message.
Then, refresh each invalid cache.

Step 2: Update Your Privacy Policy

Update your privacy policy as needed to describe the information that your company collects,
and how it is used.

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Cookie Reference
Magento Standard Cookies
COOKIE NAME COOKIE DESCRIPTION

CART The association with the customer's shopping cart.

CATEGORY_INFO Stores the category info on the page to load pages faster.

COMPARE The items in the customer's Compare Products list.

CUSTOMER An encrypted version of the shopper's customer ID.

CUSTOMER_AUTH Indicates if the customer are currently logged in to the store.

CUSTOMER_INFO An encrypted version of the shopper's customer group.

EXTERNAL_NO_CACHE Indicates if caching is disabled or enabled.

FRONTEND The customer's session ID.

GUEST-VIEW Determines if guests can edit their orders.

LAST_CATEGORY The last category visited by the shopper.

LAST_PRODUCT The most recent product viewed by the shopper.

NEWMESSAGE Indicates whether a new message has been received.

NO_CACHE Indicates if the cache can be used to store information.

PERSISTENT_SHOPPING_CART A link to information about the shopper's cart and viewing

history.

RECENTLYCOMPARED Items recently compared b the shopper.

STF Information on products the shopper has emailed to friends.

STORE The store view or language chosen by the shopper.

USER_ALLOWED_SAVE_COOKIE Indicates if the shopper allows cookies to be saved.

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Magento Standard Cookies (cont.)

COOKIE NAME COOKIE DESCRIPTION

VIEWED_PRODUCT_IDS The products recently viewed by the shopper.

WISHLIST An encrypted list of products added to the shopper's wishlist.

WISHLIST_CNT The number of items in the shopper's wishlist.

Google Analytics Cookies

COOKIE DESCRIPTION
_utma Identifies shoppers and sessions.

_utmb Determines new sessions/visits.

_utmc Determines if the shopper is in a new session/visit.

_utmz Saves the traffic source or campaign that explains how the
shopper reached your site.

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PRODUCTS

131
 Contents Group Pricing
Special Pricing
Products Menu Tier Pricing
Minimum Advertised Price
Catalog
MAPLogic
Catalog Workspace
MAPConfiguration
Catalog URLs
Dynamic Media URLs Managing Inventory
Using a Flat Catalog
Stock Options
Creating Products Product Stock Options
Product Workspace Stock Message Scenarios
Default Field Values Product Alerts
Product Types Product Alert Run Settings
Simple Product
Images and Video
Configurable Product
Grouped Product Uploading Product Images
Virtual Product Adding Product Video
Bundle Product Media Gallery
Downloadable Product Placeholders
Download Options Watermarks
Swatches
Product Settings
Creating Swatches
Advanced Settings
Other Settings Categories
Content Creating Categories
Configurations Root Categories
Product Reviews Hidden Categories
Images and Video Content Settings
Search Engine Optimization Display Settings
Related Products, Up-sells, and Cross-sells Search Engine Optimization
Customizable Options Products in Category
Product in Websites Design Settings
Design
Using Product Attributes
Scheduled Design Update
Adding an Attribute
Gift Options
Attribute Input Types
Downloadable Information
Date & Time Options
Grouped Products
Bundle Items

Managing Pricing
Advanced Pricing

132
 CHAPTER 10:

Products Menu
The Products Menu provides easy access to product creation, category and inventory
management, as well as tools to manage catalog content.

Products Menu

To display the Products menu:

On the Admin sidebar, tap Products .

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Menu Options
Catalog
Create new products of every type, and manage your
inventory.

Categories
Create the category structure that is the foundation of
your stores navigation.

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Product Catalog
Magento uses the term "catalog" to refer to the products in the database. Access to the catalog
data is determined by several factors, including the scope setting, the catalog configuration,
and the root category that is assigned to the store. The catalog includes products that are
enabled and available for sale, as well as those that are currently not offered for sale.

From the Admin, all products in the database are accessible through the Catalog grid. If your
Magento installation has multiple websites, each website can offer a different selection of
products for sale from the same database.

In sales, the term "catalog" has a more narrow definition, and usually refers to a specific
selection of products that is available for sale. For example, a store might have a "Spring
Catalog" and a "Fall Catalog".

Like the table of contents of a printed catalog, the main menu of your store or "top
navigation" organizes products by category to make it easy for customers to find what they
want. The main menu is based on a "root category," which is a container for the menu that is
assigned to the store. Because the specific menu options are defined at the store view level,
each view can have a different main menu based on the same root category. Within each menu,
you can offer a curated selection of products that is suitable for the store.

Product Catalog in Store Hierarchy

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Catalog Workspace
The Catalog grid lists all products in the catalog. Use the standard controls to sort and filter
the list, find products, and apply actions to selected products. From the grid, you can create
new products and edit existing ones.

Catalog Grid

Workspace Controls
CONTROL DESCRIPTION

Add Product Initiates the process to create a new simple product. To choose a
specific product type, click the down arrow. Options:
Simple Product
Configurable Product
Grouped Product
Virtual Product
Bundle Product
Downloadable Product

Actions Lists all actions that can be applied to selected products in the list. To
apply an action to a product or group of products, mark the checkbox
in the first column of each product. Options:
Delete
Change Status
Update Attributes

Filters Initiates a catalog search based on the current filters.

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Workspace Controls (cont.)

CONTROL DESCRIPTION
[Default] View Indicates the current grid column layout. If there are saved grid
column views, you can choose another.

Columns Lists all actions that can be applied to selected products in the list. To
apply an action to a product or group of products, mark the checkbox
in the first column of each product. Product list actions include:
Delete
Change Status
Update Attributes
Use the Columns control to customize the selection of columns in
the grid.

Actions Can be used to select multiple records as the target of action. The
checkbox is marked in the first column of each selected record.
Options: Select/Deselect All, Select /Deselect All on This Page.

Edit Opens the product in edit mode. You can accomplish the same thing
by clicking anywhere on the row.

Columns
COLUMN DESCRIPTION
Multiple Selection Selects multiple records to be subject to an action. The checkbox in
the first column of each selected record is marked . Options:

Select All Selects all records found that match the current filter
settings.

Select All on Selects only the records found on the current page
This Page that match the filter settings.

ID A unique, sequential number that is assigned when a new product is

saved for the first time.

Thumbnail Displays a thumbnail of the main product image.

Name The product name.

Type The product type.

Attribute Set The name of the attribute set that is used as a template for the
product.

SKU The unique Stock Keeping Unit that is assigned to the product.

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Columns (cont.)
COLUMN DESCRIPTION
Price The unit price of the product.

Quantity The quantity that is currently in stock.

Visibility Indicates where the product is visible in the catalog. Options:

Not Visible Individually
Catalog
Search
Catalog, Search

Status Indicates the current status of the product. Options:

Enabled
Disabled

Websites Indicates the website(s) where the product is available.

Action Opens the product in Edit mode.

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Catalog URLs
The URLs you assign to products and categories play a major role in determining how well
your site is indexed by search engines. Before you start building your catalog is an ideal time to
consider the available options.

URL Formats

Dynamic URL

A dynamic URL is created on the fly, and might include a query string with variables for the
product ID, sort order, and the page where the request was made. When a customer searches
for a product in your store, the resulting URL might look something like this:

http://mystore.com/catalogsearch/result/?q=racer+back

http://mystore.com/women/tops-women.html?style_general=135

Static URL

A static URL is a fixed address for a specific page. A static URL can be displayed in a search-
engine friendly format, or one that references products and categories by ID. Search-engine
friendly URLs include words that people might use to look for a product, and require Web
Server Rewrites to be enabled. Files with static URLs are commonly used for product and
category pages, content pages, and theme assets.

http://mystore.com/antonia-racer-tank.html

URL Components

URL Key

The URL key is the part of a static URL that describes the product or category. When you
create a product or category, an initial URL key is automatically generated, based on the
name. To change the URL key, see the Search Engine Optimization section of the product
information.

The URL key should consist of lowercase characters with hyphens to separate words. A well-
designed, search engine friendly URL key might include the product name and key words to
improve the way it is indexed by search engines. The URL key can be configured to create an
automatic redirect if the URL key changes.

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HTML Suffix

Your catalog can be configured to either include or exclude the suffix as part of category and
product URLs. There are various reasons why people might choose to use or to omit the suffix.
Some believe that the suffix no longer serves any useful purpose, and that pages without a
suffix are indexed more effectively by search engines. However, your company might have a
standardized format for URLs that requires a suffix.

Because the suffix is controlled by the system configuration, you should never type it directly
into the URL key of a category or product. (Doing so will result in a double suffix at the end of
the URL.) Whether you decide to use the suffix or not, be consistent and use the same setting
for all your product and category pages. Here are examples of URLs withand withoua
suffix.

http://mystore.com/helena-hooded-fleece.html

http://mystore.com/helena-hooded-fleece.htm

http://mystore.com/helena-hooded-fleece

Category Path

You can configure the URL to either include or exclude the category path. By default, the
category path is included in all category and product pages. The following examples show the
same product URL with, and without, the category path.
URL with Category Path

http://mystore.com/women/tops-women/hoodies-and-sweatshirts-women/helena-
hooded-fleece.html

URL without Category Path

http://mystore.com/helena-hooded-fleece.html

To prevent search engines from indexing multiple URLs that lead to the same content, you can
exclude the category path from the URL. Another method is to use a canonical meta tag to let
search engines know which URLs to index and which to ignore. By default, Magento does not
include the category path in product URLs.

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To configure catalog URLs:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Search Engine Optimizations section, and do the following:

a. Set Product URL Suffix to html or htm. Enter the suffix without a period, because it is
applied automatically.

b. Set Category URL Suffix to html or htm. Enter the suffix without a period, because it
is applied automatically.

c. Set Use Categories Path for Product URLs to your preference.

Search Engine Optimization

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

5. When prompted, click the Cache Management link in the system message, and refresh the
invalid cache.

Refresh Cache

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Dynamic Media URLs

A dynamic media URL is a relative reference to an image or other media asset. When enabled,
dynamic media URLs can be used to link directly to assets on your server, or to files stored on a
content delivery network. The use of dynamic media URLs can impact catalog performance,
and the editor can be configured to use either static or dynamic media URLs for catalog
product and category descriptions.

As with all markup tags, the code is enclosed in double curly braces. The format of a dynamic
media URL looks like this:

{{media url="path/to/image.jpg"}}

To configure dynamic media URLs:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog. Then, expand the Storefront
section, and do the following:

Storefront

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a. Scroll down to Allow Dynamic Media URLs in Products and Categories. Then, clear the
Use system value checkbox.

b. Set Allow Dynamic Media URLs in Products and Categories to your preference.

3. When complete, tap Save Config.

To use static URLs by default for media files:

By default, images inserted into the catalog from media storage have relative, dynamic URLs.
If you prefer to use a static URL, you can change the configuration setting.

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose Content Management.

3. Expand the WYSIWYG Options section.

WYSIWYG Options

4. Set Use Static URLs for Media Content in WYSIWYG for Catalog to Yes.

5. When complete,tap Save Config.

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Using a Flat Catalog

Magento typically stores catalog data in multiple tables, based on the Entity-Attribute-Value
(EAV1) model. Because product attributes are stored in many tables, SQL queries are
sometimes long and complex.

In contrast, a flat catalog creates new tables on the fly, where each row contains all the
necessary data about a product or category. A flat catalog is updated automaticallyeither
every minute, or according to your cron job. Flat catalog indexing can also speed up the
processing of catalog and cart price rules. A catalog with as many as 500,000 SKUs can be
indexed quickly as a flat catalog.

Before you enable a flat catalog for a live store, make sure to test the configuration in a
development environment.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Enable the Flat Catalog
Step 2: Verify the Results

Step 1: Enable the Flat Catalog

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Storefront section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Use Flat Catalog Category to Yes. If necessary, clear the Use system value
checkbox.

b. Set Use Flat Catalog Product to Yes.

Flat Catalog Configuration

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

5. When prompted to update the cache, click the Cache Management link in the system message,
and follow the instructions to refresh the cache.

1Entity Attribute Value

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Step 2: Verify the Results

Method 1: Verify the Results for a Single Product

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

a. Open a product in edit mode.

b. In the Name field, add the text _TEST to the end of the product name.

2. Tap Save.

3. On a new browser tab, navigate to the home page of your store. Then, do the following:

a. Search for the product you edited.

b. Use the navigation to browse to the product under its assigned category.

If necessary, refresh the page to see the results. The change will appear within the minute,
or according to your Cron schedule.

Storefront with Flat Catalog

Method 2: Verify the Results for a Category

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Categories.

2. In the upper-left corner, verify that Store View is set to "All Store Views."

If prompted, tap OK to confirm.

3. In the category tree, select an existing category. Then, tap Add Subcategory, and do the
following:

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a. In the Category Name field, enter Test Category.

b. When complete, tap Save.

Test Subcategory

c. Expand the Products in Category section. Then, click Reset Filter to display all
products.

d. Mark the checkbox of several products to add them to the new category. Then, tap Save.

Test Category Products

4. On a new browser tab, navigate to the home page of your store. Then, use the store navigation
to browse to the category you created.

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If necessary, refresh the page to see the results. The change will appear within the minute or
according to your cron schedule.

Step 3: Remove the Test Data

Do the following to remove the test data and restore the original product name and catalog
configuratio:.

Remove the test category:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Categories.

2. In the category tree, select the test subcategory that you created.

3. In the upper-right corner, tap Delete. Then when prompted to confirm, tap OK.

This will not remove the products that are assigned to the category.

Restore the original product name:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

2. Open the test product in edit mode.

3. Remove the "_TEST" that you added to the Product Name.

4. In the upper-right corner, tap Save.

Restore the original catalog configuration:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Storefront section," and do the following:

a. Set Use Flat Catalog Category to No.

b. Set Use Flat Catalog Product to No.

4. When complete, tap Save Config. Then when prompted, refresh the cache.

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Creating Products
Choosing a product type is one of the first things you must do to create a new product. In this
chapter, you will learn how to create a product of each type. In addition to the basic product
types, the term, complex product1 refers to a product that requires the customer to choose
from a selection of options before making a purchase. To learn more about the available
options, see Basic Settings and Advanced Settings.

If you are just starting out, you can create a few sample products to experiment with each
product type. For a deeper understanding, make sure to read about catalog navigation, how to
set up categories and attributes, and the catalog URL options that are available to you.

Product Catalog

1A product that requires the customer to choose from a selection of options.

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Product Workspace
The product workspace is basically the same for all product types, although the selection of
fields changes depending on the attribute set that is used. The product attributes are at the top
of the form, followed by expandable sections of product information. When a new product is
saved for the first time, the Store View chooser appears in the upper-left of the form.

Product Workspace

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Enable Product
The online status of the product is indicated by the switch at the top of the form. To change
the online status, simply set the Enable Product switch to the Yes or No position.

CONTROL DESCRIPTION
Indicates that the product is currently online.

Indicates that the product is currently offline.

Attribute Set
The name of the attribute set appears in the upper-left corner, and determines the fields that
appear in the product record. To choose a different attribute set, click the down arrow next to
the default attribute set name.

Attribute Sets

Expand/Collapse
To expand or collapse a section, tap either the expand or collapse button to the right.

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Save Menu
The Save menu includes several options that let you save and continue, save and create a new
product, save and duplicate the product, or save and close.

Save Menu

COMMAND DESCRIPTION
Save Save the current product, and continue working.

Save & New Save and close the current product, and begin a new product, based on the
same product type and template.

Save & Duplicate Save and close the current product, and open a new duplicate copy.

Save & Close Save the current product and return to the Inventory workspace.

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Default Field Values

To save time when creating products, the default value of several product fields references
values from another field. You can either accept the default value, or enter another. The
following fields have automatically generated default values:

FIELD DESCRIPTION
SKU Based on product Name.

Meta Title Based on product Name.

Meta Keywords Based on product Name.

Meta Description Based on product Name and Description.

The placeholders that represent the value of another field are enclosed in double-curly braces.
Any attribute code that is included in the product attribute set can be used as a placeholder.

Product Fields Auto-Generation

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To edit the placeholder value:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Product Fields Auto-Generation section. Then, make any changes needed to the
placeholder values.

For example, if theres a specific keyword that you want to include for every product, or a
phrase that you want to include in every meta description, you can type the value directly into
the appropriate field.

If you want to keep the existing placeholder values, be careful to preserve the double curly braces
that enclose each markup tag.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

Common Placeholders
PLACEHOLDER
{{color}}

{{country_of_manufacture}}

{{description}}

{{gender}}

{{material}}

{{name}}

{{short_description}}

{{size}}

{{sku}}

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Product Types
Simple Product

A simple product is a physical item with a single SKU.

Simple products have a variety of pricing and of input
controls which makes it possible to sell variations of the
product. Simple products can be used in association with
grouped, bundle, and configurable products.

Configurable Product

A configurable product appears to be a single product

with lists of options for each variation. However, each
option represents a separate, simple product with a
distinct SKU, which makes it possible to track inventory
for each variation.

Grouped Product

A grouped product presents multiple, standalone

products as a group. You can offer variations of a single
product, or group them for a promotion. The products can
be purchased separately, or as a group.

Virtual Product

Virtual products are not tangible products, and are

typically used for products such as services,
memberships, warranties, and subscriptions. Virtual
products can be used in association with grouped and
bundle products.

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Bundle Product

A bundle product let customers build their own from an

assortment of options. The bundle could be a gift basket,
computer, or anything else that can be customized. Each
item in the bundle is a separate, standalone product.

Downloadable Product

A digitally downloadable product that consists of one or

more files that are downloaded. The files can reside on
your server or be provided as URLs to any other server.

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Simple Product
One of the keys to harnessing the power of product types is learning when to use a simple,
standalone product. A simple products can be sold individually, or as part of a grouped,
configurable, or bundle product. A simple product with custom options is sometimes referred to
as a composite product.

The following steps take you through the process of creating a simple product using the default
product template with basic settings. When you finish the basics, you can complete the
advanced settings as needed.

Simple Product

Process Overview:
Step 1: Choose the Product Type
Step 2: Choose the Attribute Set
Step 3: Complete the Required Settings
Step 4: Complete the Basic Settings
Step 5: Complete the Product Information
Step 6: Publish the Product

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Step 1: Choose the Product Type

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

2. In the upper-right corner on the Add Product menu, choose Simple Product.

Add Simple Product

Step 2: Choose the Attribute Set

To choose the attribute set that is used as a template for the product, do one of the following:

l In the Search box, enter the name of the attribute set.

l In the list, choose the attribute set that you want to use.

The form is updated to reflect the change.

Choose Attribute Set

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Step 3: Complete the Required Settings

1. Enter the product Product Name.

2. Accept the default SKU that is based on the product name, or enter another.

3. Enter the product Price.

4. Because the product is not yet ready to publish, set the Enable Product switch to the No
position.

5. Tap Save and continue.

When the product is saved, the Store View chooser appears in the upper-left corner.

6. Choose the Store View where the product is to be available.

Choose Store View

Step 4: Complete the Basic Settings

1. Set Tax Class to one of the following:

l None
l Taxable Goods

2. Enter the Quantity of the product that is currently in stock.

Take note that by default, Stock Status is set to In Stock.

3. Enter the Weight of the product.

4. Accept the default Visibility setting, Catalog, Search.

5. To assign Categories to the product, tap the Select box. Then, do either of the following:

Choose an existing category:

a. Start typing in the box to find a match.

b. Mark the checkbox of each category that is to be assigned.

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Create a new category:

a. Tap New Category.

b. Enter the Category Name and choose the Parent Category to determine its position in the
menu structure.

c. Tap Create Category.

6. To feature the product in the list of new products, mark the Set Product as New checkbox.

7. Choose the Country of Manufacture.

Product Details
There might be additional individual attributes that describe the product. The selection varies
attribute set, and you can complete them later.

Step 5: Complete the Product Information

Scroll down and complete the information in the following sections as needed:
l Content
l Images and Videos
l Related Products, Up-Sells, and Cross-Sells
l Search Engine Optimization
l Customizable Options
l Products in Websites
l Design
l Gift Options

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Step 6: Publish the Product

1. If you are ready to publish the product in the catalog, set the Enable Product switch to the
Yes position.

2. Do one of the following:

Method 1: Save and Preview

1. In the upper-right corner, tap Save .

2. To view the product in your store, choose Customer View on the Admin menu. The
store opens in a new browser tab.

Customer View

Method 2: Save and Close

On the Save menu, choose Save & Close.

Save & Close

THINGS TO REMEMBER
Simple products can be included in configurable, bundle, and grouped product types.

A simple product can have custom options with a variety of input controls, which makes it
possible to sell many product variations from a single SKU.

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Configurable Product
A configurable product looks like a single product with drop-down lists of options for each
variation. Each option is actually a separate simple product with a unique SKU, which makes
it possible to track inventory for each product variation. You could achieve a similar effect by
using a simple product with custom options, but without the ability to track inventory for each
variation.

Configurable Product

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Part 1: Creating a Configurable Product

Although a configurable product uses more SKUs, and may initially take a little longer to set
up, it can save you time in the long run. If you plan to grow your business, the configurable
product type is a good choice for products with multiple options.

Process Overview:
Part I: Create Configurable Product
Step 1: Choose the Product Type
Step 3: Complete the Required Settings
Step 4: Complete the Basic Settings
Step 5: Save and Continue

Step 1: Choose the Product Type

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

2. In the upper-right corner on the Add Product menu, choose Configurable Product.

Add Configurable Product

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Step 2: Choose the Attribute Set

The attribute set determines the selection of fields that are used in the product. The field at the
top of the page is initially set to the Default attribute set. For a configurable product, the
attribute set must include at least one drop-down attribute. In addition, the scope of each
drop-down attribute must be set to "Global." The attribute set used in this example has drop-
down attributes for color and size.

To choose the attribute set that is used as a template for the product, click the field at the top
of the page and do one of the following:

l In the Search box, enter the name of the attribute set.

l In the list, choose the attribute set that you want to use.

The form is updated to reflect the change.

Choose Template

Step 3: Complete the Required Settings

1. Enter the product Product Name.

2. Accept the default SKU that is based on the product name, or enter another.

3. Enter the product Price.

4. Because the product is not yet ready to publish, set the Enable Product switch to the No
position.

5. Tap Save and continue.

When the product is saved, the Store View chooser appears in the upper-left corner.

6. Choose the Store View where the product is to be available.

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Choose Store View

Step 4: Complete the Basic Settings

1. Set Tax Class to one of the following:

l None
l Taxable Goods

2. The Quantity is determined by the product variations, so you can leave it blank for now.

The Stock Status of a configurable product is determined by each associated configuration.

Because the product was saved without entering a quantity, the Stock Status is now set to Out
of Stock.

a. Enter the product Weight.

b. Accept the default Visibility setting, Catalog, Search.

3. To feature the product in the list of new products, mark the Set Product as New checkbox.

4. To assign Categories to the product, tap the Select box. Then, do either of the following:

Choose an existing category:

a. Start typing in the box to find a match.

b. Mark the checkbox of the category that is to be assigned.

Create a new category:

a. Tap New Category.

b. Enter the Category Name and choose the Parent Category to determine its position in the
menu structure.

c. Tap Create Category.

5. To feature the product in the list of new products, mark the Set Product as New checkbox.

6. Choose the Country of Manufacture.

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Product Details
There might be additional attributes that are used to describe the product. The selection varies
attribute set, and you can complete them later.

Step 5: Save and Continue

This is a good time to save your work. In the upper-right corner, tap Save . In the next step,
youll set up the configurations for each variation of the product.

Part 2: Adding Configurations

The following example shows how to add configurations for three colors and three sizes. In all,
nine simple products will be created with unique SKUs to cover every possible combination of
variations. The progress bar at the top of the page shows where you are in the process, and
guides you through each step.

Progress Bar

Process Overview: Part II: Add Configurations

Step 1: Choose the Attributes
Step 2: Enter the Attribute Values

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Step 3: Configure the Images, Price, and Quantity

Step 4:Generate the Product Configurations
Step 5: Add a Product Image
Step 6: Publish the Products
Step 7: Configure the Cart Thumbnails (Optional)

Step 1: Choose the Attributes

1. Continuing from Part I, scroll down to the Configurations section. Then, tap Create
Configurations .

Configurations

2. Mark the checkbox of each attribute that you want to include as a configuration. For this
example, we choose color and size.

3. The list includes all attributes from the attribute set that can be used in a configurable product.

Select Attributes

4. If you need to add a new attribute, Create New Attribute . Complete the attribute properties,
and tap Save Attribute . Then, mark the checkbox to select the attribute.

5. In the upper-right corner, tap Next .

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Step 2: Enter the Attribute Values

1. For each attribute, mark the checkbox of the values that apply to the product.

2. To rearrange the attributes, grab the Change Order icon and move the section to a new
position. The order determines the position of the drop-down lists on the product page.

3. In the progress bar, Next.

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Step 3: Configure the Images, Price, and Quantity

This step determines the images, pricing and quantity of each configuration. The available
options are the same for each, and you can choose only one. You can apply the same setting to
all SKUs, apply a unique setting to each SKU, or skip the settings for now.

1. Choose the configuration options that apply.

Configure the Images

Method 1: Apply a Single Set of Images to All SKUs

1. Select Apply single set of images to all SKUs.

2. Browse to each image that you want to include in the product gallery, or drag them to the
box.

Use Same Images for All SKUs

Method 2: Apply Unique Images for Each SKU

Because we already uploaded an image for the parent product, well use this option to upload
an image of each color. This is the image that will appear in the shopping cart when someone
buys the shirt in a specific color.

1. Select Apply unique images by attribute to each SKU.

2. Select the attribute that the images illustrate. For example: color.

3. For each attribute value, either browse to the images that you want to use for that
configuration, or drag them to the box.

If you drag the an image to a value box, it appears in the sections for the other values, as well.
If you want to delete an image, tap the trashcan icon.

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Unique Images per SKU

Configure the Prices

Method 1: Apply the Same Price to All SKUs

1. If the price is the same for all variations of the product, select Apply single price to all
SKUs.

2. Enter the Price.

Same Price per SKU

Method 2: Apply a Different Price for Each SKU

1. If the price differs for each or for some variations of the product, select Apply unique
prices by attribute to each SKU.

2. Select the attribute that is the basis of the price difference.

3. Enter the price for each attribute value. In this example, the XL size costs more.

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Unique Price per SKU

Configure the Quantity

Method 1: Apply the Same Quantity to All SKUs

1. If the quantity is the same for all SKUs, select Apply single quantity to each SKU.

2. Enter the Quantity.

Same Quantity for All SKUs

Method 2: Apply Different Quantity by Attribute

1. If the quantity is the different for each SKU, select Apply unique quantity by attribute to
each SKU.

2. Enter the Quantity for each.

Different Quantities per Attribute

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2. When complete, tap Next in the upper-right corner.

Step 4: Generate the Product Configurations

1. Wait a moment for the list of products to appear.

2. Do one of the following:

l If you are satisfied with the configurations, tap Next.

l To make corrections, tap Back.

Summary
The current product variations appear at the bottom of the Configuration section.

Current Configurations

Step 5: Add a Product Image

1. Scroll down to the Images and Videos section. Then, expand the section.

2. Click the Camera tile, and browse to the main image that you want to use for the configurable
product.

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To learn more, see: Images and Video.

Step 6: Complete the Product Information

Scroll down and complete the information in the following sections as needed:
l Content
l Related Products, Up-Sells, and Cross-Sells
l Search Engine Optimization
l Customizable Options
l Products in Websites
l Design
l Gift Options

Step 7: Publish the Product

1. If you are ready to publish the product in the catalog, set the Enable Product switch to the
Yes position.

2. Do one of the following:

Method 1: Save and Preview

1. In the upper-right corner, tap Save.

2. To view the product in your store, choose Customer View on the Admin menu. The
store opens in a new browser tab.

Customer View

Method 2: Save and Close

On the Save menu, choose Save & Close.

Save & Close

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Step 8: Configure the Cart Thumbnails (Optional)

If you have a different image for each variation you can set the configuration to use the correct
image for the shopping cart thumbnail.

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Checkout. Then, expand the Shopping Cart
section.

3. Set Configurable Product Image to Product Thumbnail Itself.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

Shopping Cart - Configurable Product Image

THINGS TO REMEMBER
A configurable product allows the shopper to choose options from drop-down lists. Each
option is actually a separate, simple product.

Each drop-down list values is based on an attribute of the Dropdowninput type. The drop-
down attributes must be included in the attribute set, which is then used as a template for
the configurable product.

The thumbnail image in the shopping cart can be set to display the image from the
configurable product record, or from the product variation.

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Grouped Product
A grouped product is made up of simple standalone products that are presented as a group.
You can offer variations of a single product, or group them by season or theme to create a set of
different products. Each product can be purchased separately, or as part of the group. In the
shopping cart, each item is listed separately.

Grouped Product

Process Overview:
Step 1: Choose the Product Type
Step 2: Choose the Attribute Set
Step 3: Complete the Required Settings
Step 4: Complete the Basic Settings
Step 5: Add Products to the Group
Step 6: Publish the Product
Step 7: Configure the Cart Thumbnails (Optional)

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Step 1: Choose the Product Type

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

2. In the upper-right corner on the Add Product menu, choose Simple Product.

Add Simple Product

Step 2: Choose the Attribute Set

To choose the attribute set that is used as a template for the product, do one of the following:

l In the Search box, enter the name of the attribute set.

l In the list, choose the attribute set that you want to use.

The form is updated to reflect the change.

Choose Template

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Step 3: Complete the Required Settings

1. Enter the product Product Name.

2. Accept the default SKU that is based on the product name, or enter another.

Take note that the Quantity field is not available because the value is derived from the
individual products that make up the group.

3. Because the product is not yet ready to publish, set the Enable Product switch to the No
position.

4. Tap Save and continue.

When the product is saved, the Store View chooser appears in the upper-left corner.

5. Choose the Store View where the product is to be available.

Choose Store View

Step 4: Complete the Basic Settings

1. Accept the Stock Status setting, In Stock.

2. To assign Categories to the product, tap the Select box. Then, do either of the following:

Choose an existing category:

a. Start typing in the box to find a match.

b. Mark the checkbox of the category that is to be assigned.

Create a new category:

a. Tap New Category.

b. Enter the Category Name and choose the Parent Category to determine its position in the
menu structure.

c. Tap Create Category.

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3. Accept the Visibility settings, Catalog, Search.

4. To feature the product in the list of new products, choose the Set Product as New From and
To dates on the calendar.

5. Choose the Country of Manufacture.

There might be additional individual attributes that describe the product. The selection varies
attribute set, and you can complete them later.

Grouped Product Details

Step 5: Add Products to the Group

1. Scroll down to the Grouped Products section. Then, tap Add Products to Group.

Grouped Products

2. If necessary, use the filters to find the products that you want to include in the group.

3. In the list, mark the checkbox of each item that you want to include in the group.

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Add Selected Products

4. Tap Add Selected Products to add them to the group.

The selected products appear in the Grouped Products section.

Products in Group

5. Then, do any of the following:

l Enter a Default Quantity for any of the items.

l To change the order of the products, grab the Change Order icon in the first column, and
drag the product to the new position in the list.
l To remove a product from the group, click Remove.

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Step 5: Complete the Product Information

Complete the information in the following sections as needed:

l Content
l Images and Videos
l Search Engine Optimization
l Related Products, Up-Sells, and Cross-Sells
l Customizable Options
l Products in Websites
l Design
l Gift Options

Step 6: Publish the Product

1. If you are ready to publish the product in the catalog, set the Enable Product switch to the
Yes position.

2. Do one of the following:

Method 1: Save and Preview

1. In the upper-right corner, tap Save .

2. To view the product in your store, choose Customer View on the Admin menu. The
store opens in a new browser tab.

Customer View

Method 2: Save and Close

On the Save menu, choose Save & Close.

Save & Close

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Step 7: Configure the Cart Thumbnails (Optional)

If you have a different image for each product in the group, you can set the configuration to
use the correct image for the shopping cart thumbnail.

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Checkout.

3. Expand the Shopping Cart section. Then, do the following:

a. If necessary, clear the Use system value checkbox.

b. Set Grouped Product Image to Product Thumbnail Itself.

4. Tap Save Config .

Shopping Cart

THINGS TO REMEMBER
A grouped product is essentially a collection of simple associated products.

Simple and virtual products that are part of a grouped product cannot have custom options.

Each item purchased appears individually in the shopping cart, rather than as part of the
group.

The thumbnail image in the shopping cart can be set to display the image from the grouped
parent product, or associated product.

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Virtual Product
Virtual products are used to represent non-tangible items such as memberships, services,
warranties, or subscriptions. Virtual products can be sold individually, or included as part of
the following product types:

l Grouped Product
l Bundle Product

Aside from the absence of the Weight field, the process of creating a virtual product and a
simple product is the same.

Virtual Product

Process Overview:
Step 1: Choose the Product Type
Step 2: Choose the Attribute Set
Step 3: Complete the Required Settings
Step 4: Complete the Basic Settings
Step 5: Complete the Product Information
Step 6: Publish the Product

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Step 1: Choose the Product Type

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

2. In the upper-right corner on the Add Product menu, choose Virtual Product.

Add Virtual Product

Step 2: Choose the Attribute Set

To choose the attribute set that is used as a template for the product, do one of the following:

l In the Search box, enter the name of the attribute set.

l In the list, choose the attribute set that you want to use.

The form is updated to reflect the change.

Choose Attribute Set

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Step 3: Complete the Required Settings

1. Enter the product Product Name.

2. Accept the default SKU that is based on the product name, or enter another.

3. Enter the product Price.

4. Because the product is not yet ready to publish, set the Enable Product switch to the No
position.

5. Tap Save and continue.

When the product is saved, the Store View chooser appears in the upper-left corner.

6. Choose the Store View where the product is to be available.

Choose Store View

Step 4: Complete the Basic Settings

1. Set Tax Class to one of the following:

l None
l Taxable Goods

2. Enter the Quantity of the product that is currently in stock. Then, do the following:

a. Accept the default Stock Status setting, In Stock.

Note that the Weight field is not used, because a virtual product is not shipped.

b. Accept the default Visibility setting, Catalog, Search.

3. To assign Categories to the product, tap the Select box. Then, do either of the following:

Choose an existing category:

a. Start typing in the box to find a match.

b. Mark the checkbox of the category that is to be assigned.

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Create a new category:

a. Tap New Category.

b. Enter the Category Name and choose the Parent Category to determine its position in the
menu structure.

c. Tap Create Category.

There might be additional individual attributes that describe the product. The selection varies
attribute set, and you can complete them later.

Step 5: Complete the Product Information

Complete the information in the following sections as needed:

l Content
l Images and Videos
l Search Engine Optimization
l Related Products, Up-Sells, and Cross-Sells
l Customizable Options
l Products in Websites
l Design
l Gift Options

Step 6: Publish the Product

1. If you are ready to publish the product in the catalog, set the Enable Product switch to the
Yes position.

2. Do one of the following:

Method 1: Save and Preview

1. In the upper-right corner, tap Save.

2. To view the product in your store, choose Customer View on the Admin menu. The
store opens in a new browser tab.

Customer View

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Method 2: Save and Close

On the Save menu, choose Save & Close.

Save & Close

THINGS TO REMEMBER
Virtual products are used for non-tangible products such as services, subscriptions, and
warranties.

Virtual products are much like simple products, but without weight.

Shipping Options do not appear during checkout unless there is a tangible product in the
cart.

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Bundle Product
A bundle is a build your own, customizable product. Each item in a bundle can be based on
one of the following product types:

l Simple Product
l Virtual Product

Bundle Product

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Customizing the Bundle

The selection of options appears when the customer taps either the Customize and Add to Cart
button. Because the products that are included in the bundle vary, the SKU, Price, and Weight
can be set to either a dynamic or fixed value.

Minimum Advertised Price (MAP) is not available for Bundle products with dynamic pricing.

Customize Bundle
The following instructions walk you through the process of creating a bundle product with the
basic settings. Each required field is marked with a red asterisk (*). After you complete the
required settings and save the product, you can complete the remaining information as needed.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Choose the Product Type
Step 2: Choose the Attribute Set
Step 3: Complete the Required Settings
Step 4: Complete the Basic Settings
Step 5: Add the Bundle Items
Step 6:Complete the Product Information
Step 7: Publish the Product

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Step 1: Choose the Product Type

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

2. In the upper-right corner on the Add Product menu, choose Bundle Product.

Add Bundle Product

Step 2: Choose the Attribute Set

To choose the attribute set that is used as a template for the product, do one of the following:

l In the Search box, enter the name of the attribute set,

l In the list, choose the attribute set that you want to use.

The form is updated to reflect the change.

Choose Template

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Step 3: Complete the Required Settings

1. Enter the product Product Name.

2. You can either accept the default SKU that is based on the product name, or enter a different
value. To determine the type of SKU that is assigned to each bundle item, do the following:

l A Dynamic SKU can be assigned automatically to each bundle item by adding a suffix to
the default SKU. By default, Dynamic SKU is set to Yes.
l If you prefer to assign a unique SKU for each bundle item, set Dynamic SKU to the No
position.

Dynamic SKU and Price

3. To determine the price of the bundle, do one of the following:

l A Dynamic Price changes to reflect the options chosen by the customer. By default,
Dynamic Price is set to Yes, and the Price field is left blank.
l To charge a fixed price for the bundle, set Dynamic Price to the No. position. Then,
enter the Price that you want to charge for the bundle.

4. Because the product is not yet ready to publish, set the Enable Product switch to the No
position.

5. Tap Save and continue.

When the product is saved, the Store View chooser appears in the upper-left corner.

6. Choose the Store View where the product is to be available.

Choose Store View

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Step 4: Complete the Basic Settings

1. If the bundle has Fixed Pricing, set Tax Class to one of the following:

l None
l Taxable Goods

If the bundle has Dynamic Pricing, the tax is determined for each bundle item.

2. Take note of the following:

l The Quantity is not available because the value is determined for each bundle item.
l The Stock Status is set by default to In Stock.

3. To determine the weight of the bundle, do one of the following:

l A Dynamic Weight changes to reflect the options chosen by the customer. By default,
Dynamic Weight is set to Yes, and the Weight field is left blank.
l To assign a fixed weight to the bundle, set Dynamic Weight to the No. position.
Then, enter the Weight of the bundle.

Dynamic Weight

4. To feature the product in the list of new products, mark the Set Product as New checkbox.

5. Accept the default Visibility setting, Catalog, Search.

6. To assign Categories to the product, tap the Select box. Then, do either of the following:

Choose an existing category:

a. Start typing in the box to find a match.

b. Mark the checkbox of each category that is to be assigned.

Create a new category:

a. Tap New Category.

b. Enter the Category Name and choose the Parent Category to determine its position in the
menu structure.

c. Tap Create Category.

7. Choose the Country of Manufacture.

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Bundle Details
There might be additional attributes that describe the product. The selection varies attribute
set, and you can complete them later.

Step 5: Add the Bundle Items

1. Scroll down to the Bundle Items section. Then, set Ship Bundle Items to one of the following:

l Separately
l Together

Bundle Items

2. Tap Add Option, Then, do the following:

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Add Bundle Options

a. Enter an Option Title to be used field label.

b. Set Input Type to one of the following:

l Drop-down
l Radio buttons
l Checkbox (See Note.)
l Multiple Select (See Note.)

c. To make the field a required entry, mark the Required checkbox.

d. Tap Add Products to Option. Then, mark the checkbox of each product that you want to
include in this option. If there are many products, use the list filters and pagination
controls to find the products you need.

e. Tap Add Selected Products.

Add Selected Products

f. After the items appear in the Options section choose one to be the Default selection.

g. In the Default Quantity column, enter the quantity of each item that is to be added to the
bundle when a customer chooses the item.

h. To allow customers to change the quantity of a bundle item, select the User Defined
option.

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The quantity can be a preset or user-defined value. However, do not assign the User Defined
property to checkbox or multiple-select input types.

By default, the Default Quantity that is included in a bundle item cannot be changed by
the customer. However, the customer can enter the quantity of the item that is to be
included in the bundle.

For example, if the Default Quantity of the Sprite Status Ball is set to 2, and the customer
orders 4 of that bundle option, the total number of total balls purchased is 8.

Item Detail

3. Repeat these steps for each item you want to add to the bundle.

4. To remove any item from the bundle, tap the Delete icon.

5. When complete, tap Save.

Step 6: Complete the Product Information

Scroll down and complete the information in the following sections as needed:
l Content
l Images and Videos
l Search Engine Optimization
l Related Products, Up-Sells, and Cross-Sells
l Customizable Options
l Products in Websites
l Design
l Gift Options

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Step 7: Publish the Product

1. If you are ready to publish the product in the catalog, set the Enable Product switch to the
Yes position.

2. Do one of the following:

Method 1: Save and Preview

1. In the upper-right corner, tap Save.

2. To view the product in your store, choose Customer View on the Admin menu. The
store opens in a new browser tab.

Customer View

Method 2: Save and Close

On the Save menu, choose Save & Close.

Save & Close

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Input Controls
CONTROL DESCRIPTION
Drop-down Displays a drop-down list of options with the product name and price.
Only one item can be selected.

Radio Buttons Displays a radio button for each option, followed by the product name
and price. Only one item can be selected.

Checkbox Displays a checkbox for each option, followed by the product name
and price. Multiple items can be selected.

Multiple Select Displays a list of options with the product name and price. To select
multiple items, hold down the Ctrl (or Option) key, and click each
item.

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Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION
SKU Determines if each item is assigned a variable, dynamic SKU, or if a
fixed SKU is used for the bundle. Options include: Fixed/Dynamic.

Weight Specifies the weight is calculated based on the items selected, or is

a fixed weight for the entire bundle. Options include:
Fixed/Dynamic.

Price View Determines if the product price is shown as a range, from the least
expensive to the most expensive (Price Range), or with the least
expensive shown (As Low As). Options include: Price Range/ As
Low As.

Ship Bundle Items Specifies if individual items can be shipped separately.

THINGS TO REMEMBER
Customers can build their own bundle product.

Bundle items can be simple or virtual products without custom options.

The Price View can be set to a price range or to As Low As.

SKU and Weight can be either Fixed or Dynamic.

The quantity can be a preset or user-defined value. However, do not assign the User
Defined property to checkbox or multiple-select input types.

Bundle items can be shipped together or separately.

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Downloadable Product
A downloadable product can be anything that you can deliver as a file, such as an eBook,
music, video, software application, or update. You can offer an album for sale, and sell each
song individually. You can also use a downloadable product to deliver an electronic version of
your product catalog.

Because the actual download doesnt become available until after the purchase, you can provide
samples, such as an excerpt from a book, a clip from an audio file, or a trailer from a video that
the customer can try before purchasing the product. The files that you make available for
download can be either uploaded to your server, or from a different server.

Downloadable Product
Downloadable products can be configured to require that the customer log in to an account to
receive the link, or can be sent by email and shared with others. The status of the order before
the download becomes available, default values, and other delivery options are set in the
configuration. To learn more, see: Configuring Download Options.

The following instructions take you through the process of creating a downloadable product
with the basic fields. Each required field is marked in the Admin with a red asterisk (*). After
you complete the required settings and save the product, you can add images and complete the
remaining product information as needed.

Downloadable file names can include letters and numbers. Either a dash or underscore character
can be used to represent a space between words. Any invalid characters in the file name are
replaced with an underscore.

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Process Overview:
Step 1: Choose the Product Type
Step 2: Choose the Attribute Set
Step 3: Complete the Required Settings
Step 4: Complete the Basic Settings
Step 5: Complete the Downloadable Information
Step 6: Complete the Product Information
Step 7: Publish the Product

Step 1: Choose the Product Type

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

2. In the upper-right corner on the Add Product menu, choose Downloadable Product.

Add Downloadable Product

Step 2: Choose the Attribute Set

The sample data includes an attribute set called Downloadable that has special fields for
downloadable products. You can use an existing template, or create another before the product
is saved.

To choose the attribute set that is used as a template for the product, do one of the following:

l In the Search box, enter the name of the attribute set.

l In the list, choose the Downloadable attribute set.

The form is updated to reflect the change.

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Choose Attribute Set

Step 3: Complete the Required Settings

1. Enter the product Product Name.

2. Accept the default SKU that is based on the product name, or enter another.

3. Enter the product Price.

4. Because the product is not yet ready to publish, set the Enable Product switch to the No
position.

5. Tap Save and continue.

When the product is saved, the Store View chooser appears in the upper-left corner.

6. Choose the Store View where the product is to be available.

Choose Store View

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Step 4: Complete the Basic Settings

1. Set Tax Class to one of the following:

l None
l Taxable Goods

2. Enter the Quantity of the product that is currently in stock.

Take note of the following:

l By default, Stock Status is set to Out of Stock.

l The Weight field is not used, because downloadble products are not shipped.

3. Accept the default Visibility setting, Catalog, Search.

4. To feature the product in the list of new products, mark the Set Product as New checkbox.

5. To assign Categories to the product, tap the Select box. Then, do either of the following:

Choose an existing category:

a. Start typing in the box to find a match.

b. Mark the checkbox of each category that is to be assigned.

Create a new category:

a. Tap New Category.

b. Enter the Category Name and choose the Parent Category to determine its position in the
menu structure.

c. Tap Create Category.

6. Set Format to one of the following:

l Download
l DVD

If necessary, you can edit the attribute to add more values.

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Product Details
There might be additional attributes that describe the product. The selection varies attribute
set, and you can complete them later.

Step 5: Complete the Downloadable Information

1. Scroll down to Downloadable Information, and expand the section. Then, mark the Is this
downloadable product? checkbox.

The Downloadable Information section has two parts. The first part describes each download
link, and the second part describes each sample file. The default value for many of these
options can be set in the configuration.

Downloadable Information

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Part 1: Complete the Links

1. In the Links section, enter the Title that you want to use as a heading for the download
links.

2. If applicable, mark the Links can be purchased separately checkbox.

3. Tap Add Link. Then, do the following:

a. Enter the Title and Price of the download.

b. For both File and Sample files, choose one of the following methods of distribution
for the downloads:

Upload File To upload the the distribution file to the server, choose
Upload File.Then, browse to the file, and select it for
upload.

URL To access the distribution file from a URL, choose URL

Then, enter the full URL to the download file.

c. Set Shareable to one of the following:

No Requires customers to log in to their accounts to access the

download link.

Yes Sends the link by email, which customers can share with
others.

Use Config Uses the method that is specified in the Dowloadable Product
Options configuration.

d. Do one of the following:

l To limit downloads per customer, enter the number of Max. Downloads.

l To allow unlimited downloads, mark the Unlimited checkbox.

Link Detail
4. To add another link, tap Add Link. Then, repeat these steps.

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Part 2: Complete the Samples

1. In the Samples section, enter the Title that you want to use as a heading for the samples.

2. To complete the information for each sample, tap Add Link.

Samples
3. Complete the link detail as follows:

a. Enter the Title of the individual sample.

b. Choose one of the following distribution methods:

Upload File To upload the the sample distribution file to the server, choose
Upload File.Then, browse to the file, and select it for
upload.

URL To access the sample distribution file from a URL, choose

URL Then, enter the full URL to the download file.

c. To add another sample, tap Add Link, and repeat these steps.

d. To change the order of the samples, grab the Change Order icon, and drag the
sample to a new position.

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Step 6: Complete the Product Information

Scroll down and complete the information in the following sections as needed:
l Content
l Images and Videos
l Search Engine Optimization
l Related Products, Up-Sells, and Cross-Sells
l Customizable Options
l Products in Websites
l Design
l Gift Options

Step 7: Publish the Product

1. If you are ready to publish the product in the catalog, set the Enable Product switch to the
Yes position.

2. Do one of the following:

Method 1: Save and Preview

1. In the upper-right corner, tap Save.

2. To view the product in your store, choose Customer View on the Admin menu. The
store opens in a new browser tab.

Customer View

Method 2: Save and Close

On the Save menu, choose Save & Close.

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Save & Close

THINGS TO REMEMBER
Downloadable products can be uploaded to the server, or linked to from another server on
the Internet.

You can determine the number of times a customer can download a product.

Customers who purchase a downloadable product can be required to log in before going
through checkout.

The delivery of a downloadable product can be made when the order is in either a Pending
or Invoiced state.

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Configuring Download Options

The downloadable configuration settings determine the default values and delivery options for
downloadable products, and specify if guests can purchase downloads.

To configure download options:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Downloadable Product Options section, and do the following:

Downloadable Product Options

a. To determine the stage in the order workflow when the download becomes available, set
Order Item Status to Enable Downloads to one of the following:

l Pending
l Invoiced

b. To set a default limit on the number of downloads that a single customer can make, enter
the number in the Default Maximum Number of Downloads field.

c. Set Shareable to one of the following:

Yes Allows customers to email the download link to others.

No Prevents customers from sharing the download link with others by requiring
customers to log in to their accounts to access download links.

d. In the Default Sample Title field, enter the heading that you want to appear above the
selection of samples.

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Sample Title
e. In the Default Link Title field, enter the default text that you want to use for download
links.

f. If you want the download link to open in a new browser window, set Opens Links in New
Window to Yes. This setting is used to keep the browser window to your store open.

g. To determine how downloadable content is delivered, set Use Content Disposition to one
of the following:

Attachment Delivers the download link by email as an attachment.

Inline Delivers the download link as a link on a web page.

h. If you want to require that purchasers register for a customer account and log in before
purchasing a download, set Disable Guest Checkout if Cart Contains Downloadable
Items to Yes.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Product Settings
The most frequently used product settings and attributes are located at the top of the page,
followed by custom attributes. Any other product settings are in expandable sections at the
bottom of the page.

Product Settings

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Advanced Product Settings

To access the advanced pricing and inventory settings, click the link below the Price and
Quantity fields. To learn more, see:

l Managing Pricing
l Managing Inventory

Advanced Links

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Other Product Settings

The remaining product settings are located at the bottom of the page. Some settings are
available for all products, and others are available for specific product types. Additional
settings might appear when the product is saved for the first time.

To expand or collapse each section:

Tap the section. The button indicates if it is currently expanded or collapsed .

Other Settings

General Settings
SECTION DESCRIPTION
Content The Content section is used to enter the main product description
that appears on the product page. The short description can be used
in most RSSfeeds, and might also appear in catalog listings,
depending on theme. The product description can be formatted using
the editor toolbar.

Product Reviews The Product Reviews section lists all reviews that customers have
submitted about the product. The section appears only after a new
product has been saved.

Images and Videos From the Images and Videos section, you can perform basic image
management tasks such as upload multiple images, rearrange the
order of images, and control how each image is used. For more
control over individual images, you can open each image in detail
view.

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SECTION DESCRIPTION
Search Engine The Search Engine Optimization section specifies the URLKey and
Optimization meta data fields that are used by search engines to index the product.
Although some search engines ignore meta keywords, others
continue to use them. The current best practice is to incorporate high-
value keywords in both the meta title and meta description.

Related Products, Up- This section is used to set up simple promotional blocks that present
Sells, Cross-Sells a selection of additional products that might be of interest to the
customer.

Product in Websites The Product in Websites section shows the current scope of the
product within the store hierarchy.

Design The Design settings give you the ability to apply a different theme to
the product page, change the column layout, determine where
product options appear, and enter custom XML code

Scheduled Design Update Gives you the ability to apply a different theme to the product page,
change the column layout, determine where product options appear,
and enter custom XML code

Gift Options Gift Options can be set at the product level to allow a gift message to
be added to the product during checkout.

Product-Specific Settings
SECTION DESCRIPTION
Configurations The Configuration section lists any existing variations of the product,
and can also be used to generate variations for use with the
Configurable product type.

Customizable Options Customizable options are based on variations of a single SKU, and
can be a good solution if your inventory needs are simple.

Downloadable Information The Downloadable Information section is used to generate the links
to downloadable products and samples.

Grouped Products The Grouped Products section is used to add items to a Grouped
product type, and also to edit the current selection of items.

Bundle Items The Bundle Items section is used to add items to a Bundle product
type, and also to edit the current selection of items.

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Content
The Content section is used to enter and edit the main product description that appears on the
product page. The short description can be used in most RSSfeeds, and might also appear in
catalog listings, depending on theme. The product description can be formatted using the
editor toolbar.

Enter only plain ASCII characters into the text box. If pasting text from a word processor, save
it first as a plain .TXT file to remove any invisible control characters.

Content

To enter the product description:

1. Open the product in edit mode. Then, scroll down and expand the Content section.

2. Enter the main product Description, and use the toolbar to format as needed.

You can drag the lower-right corner to change the height of the text box.

3. Enter a Short Description of the product, and format as needed.

To learn more, see: Using the Editor.

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Configurations
The Configurations section lists any existing variations of the product, and can also be used to
generate variations for use with the Configurable product type. To learn more, see: Configurable
Product.

Configurations Section

Product Configurations

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Product Reviews
The Product Reviews section lists all reviews that customers have submitted about the product.
The section appears with the other product information only after a new product has been
saved for the first time. To learn more, see: Product Reviews.

Product Reviews

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Images and Video

From the Images and Video section, you can perform basic image management tasks such as
upload multiple images, rearrange the order of images, and control how each image is used.
For additional control over individual images you can open each image in detail view. To
learn more, see: Images and Video.

To upload an image:
1. Open the product in edit mode.

2. Scroll down and expand the Images and Videos section.

Images and Videos

3. If you're ready to add a product image, do one of the following:

l Drag an image from your desktop, and drop it on the camera ( ) tile.
l Tap the camera ( ) tile, and navigate to the image file on your computer. Then, choose the
image, and tap Open.

A placeholder image appears in the catalog until a product image is available.

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Search Engine Optimization

The Search Engine Optimization section specifies the URLKey and meta data fields that are
used by search engines to index the product. Although some search engines ignore meta
keywords, others continue to use them. The current SEO best practice is to incorporate high-
value keywords in both the meta title and meta description.

The default value for each meta data field can be auto-generated based on values specified in
the configuration. Each field contains a placeholder that is replaced by an actual value. To
learn more, see: Default Field Values.

Search Engine Optimization

To complete the SEO fields:

1. Open the product in edit mode. Then, scroll down and expand the Search Engine
Optimization section.

2. The default URL Key is based on the product name. You can use the default, or change it as
needed. To learn more, see: Catalog URLs.

3. The Meta Title is the text that appears at the top of the browser window. You can use the
default, which is based on the Product Name, or change it as needed.

4. The Meta Keywords are used by some search engines more than others. Enter a few high-value
key words to help the product gain more visibility.

5. The Meta Description is the text that appears in search results listings. For best results, enter a
description that is between 150-160 characters in length.

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Field Descriptions
FIELD SCOPE DESCRIPTION
URL Key Store View Determines the online address of the product.The
URLkey is added to the base URL of the store, and
appears in the address bar of a browser. Magento
initially creates a default, search engine friendly
URL, that is based on the product name.
The URL Key should be all lowercase characters, with
hyphens instead of spaces. Do not include a suffix
such as .html in the URL Key, because it is managed
in the configuration.

Meta Title Store View The title appears in the title bar and tab of your
browser, and is also used as the title on a search
engine results page (SERP1). The meta title should be
unique to the page, and less than 70 characters in
length.
Auto-generated value: {{name}}

Meta Keywords Store View Relevant keywords for the product. Consider using
keywords that customers might use to find the
product.
Auto-generated value: {{name}}

Meta Description Store View The meta description provides a brief overview of the
page for search results listings. An ideal length is
between 150-160 characters in length, with a
maximum of 255 characters. Although not visible to
the customer, some search engines include the meta
description on the search results page.
Auto-generated value: {{name}} {{description}}

1Search Engine Results Page

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Related Products, Up-Sells, and Cross-Sells

This section is used to set up simple promotional blocks that present a selection of additional
products that might be of interest to the customer. To learn more, see: Product Relationships.

Related Products, Up-Sells, and Cross-Sells

Related Products
Related products are meant to be purchased in addition to the item the customer is viewing.
The customer can place the item in the shopping cart by simply clicking the checkbox. The
placement of the Related Products block varies according to theme and page layout. In the
example below, it appears at the bottom of the Product View page. With a 2 column layout, the
Related Product block often appears in the right sidebar.

Related Products

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To set up related products:

1. Open the product in edit mode.

2. Scroll down and expand the Related Products, Up-Sells, and Cross-Sells section. Then,
tap AddRelatedProducts.

Related Products

3. Use the filter controls to find the products that you want.

4. In the list, mark the checkbox of any product you want to feature as a related product.

Related Products

5. When complete, tap Add Selected Products.

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Up-sells
Up-sell products are items that your customer might prefer instead of the product currently
considered. An item offered as an up-sell might be of a higher quality, more popular, or have
better profit margin. Up-sell products appear on the product page under a heading such as,
You may also be interested in the following product(s).

Upsell

To select up-sell products:

1. Open the product in edit mode.

2. Scroll down and expand the Related Products, Up-Sells, and Cross-Sells section. Then,
tap AddUp-SellProducts.

3. Use the filter controls to find the products that you want.

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4. In the list, mark the checkbox of any product you want to feature as an up-sell product.

Upsell Products

5. When complete, tap Add Selected Products.

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Cross-sells
Cross-sell items are similar to impulse purchases positioned next to the cash register in the
checkout line. Products offered as a cross-sell appear on the shopping cart page, just before the
customer begins the checkout process.

Cross-sells in Shopping Cart

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To select cross-sell products:

1. Open the product in edit mode.

2. Scroll down and expand the Related Products, Up-Sells, and Cross-Sells section. Then,
tap AddCross-SellProducts.

3. Use the filter controls to find the products that you want.

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4. In the list, mark the checkbox of any product you want to feature as a cross-sell product.

Cross-sell Products

5. When complete, tap AddSelectedProducts.

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Customizable Options
Adding customizable options to a product is an easy way to offer customers a selection of
options with a variety of text, selection, and date input types. Customizable options are a good
solution if your inventory needs are simple. However, because they are based on variations of a
single SKU, they cannot be used to manage stock. If you have multiple products with the same
options, you can set up one product, and import the options to the other products.

To create customizable options:

1. Open the product in edit mode.

2. Scroll down and expand the Customizable Options section. Then, tap Add Option.

Customizable Options

3. In the upper-left corner, tap New Option. Then, do the following:

a. In the Option Title field, enter a name for the option.

b. Set the Option Type for data entry.

c. If the option is not required to purchase the product, clear the Required checkbox.

New Option

4. Tap Add New Row. Then, complete the following:

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Add Value

a. In the Title field, enter a name for this option.

b. In the Price field, enter any markup or markdown from the base product price that applies
to this option.

c. Set Price Type to one of the following:

Fixed The price of the variation differs from the price of the base product by
a fixed monetary amount, such as $1.

Percentage The price of the variation differs from the price of the base product by
a percentage, such as 10%.

d. Enter a SKU for the option. The option SKUis a suffix that is added to the product SKU.

e. To change the order of the options, tap the Change Order icon , and drag the option to a
new position in the list.

Change Order of Options

f. Repeat this step for each option to be added.

5. When complete, tap Save.

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To import customizable options:

1. In the Customizable Options section, tap Import Options.

Customizable Options

2. All products with customizable options appear in the grid.

3. In the list, mark the checkbox of the product with the options that you want to import.

4. Tap Import.

5. When complete, you can continue to add more custom options, or tap Save and Close.

Input Controls
INPUT TYPE DESCRIPTION

TEXT

Field A single line input field for text.

Area A multiple-line input box for paragraphs of text. You

can use the WYSIWYG Editor to format the text with
HTML tags, or type HTML directly into the text area.

FILE

File A file to be uploaded by the customer.

SELECT

Drop-down A drop-down list of options. Only one item can be

selected at a time.

Radio Buttons A set of options that allows only one to be selected at

a time.

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Input Controls (cont.)

INPUT TYPE DESCRIPTION

Checkbox A checkbox is a variation of a yes/no option. If the

product has more than one checkbox, multiple
selections can be made at the same time.

Multiple Select A drop-down list of options that accepts multiple

selections. To select multiple options, hold down the
Ctrl (PC) or Command (Mac) key.

DATE

Date Date An input field for a date value. The date can be typed
directly into the field, selected from a listm or
calendar. The method of input used and format of the
date is determined by the Date & Time Custom
Options configuration.

Date & Time An input field for date and time values.

Time An input field for a time value.

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Product in Websites
The Product in Websites section identifies each website where the product is available,
according to the store hierarchy.

Multisite Installation

To copy a product to a different website:

1. Open the product in edit mode.

2. Scroll down and expand the Product in Websites section.

Product in Websites

3. Mark the checkbox of the website where the product is to be copied

For an single website installation, the website checkbox is marked by default.

4. Choose the Store View where the product is to be copied from.

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Product in Websites

5. When complete, tap Save. Then, do the following:

a. When you return to the product record, set the Store View chooser to the store view to
which the product was copied. When prompted to confirm scope switching, tap OK.

b. Enter the Price of the product for this store view.

Because the scope of the base currency is set to "website," it is possible to sell the product
for a different price in each website.

6. When complete, tap Save.

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Design
The Design settings give you the ability to apply a different theme to the product page, change
the column layout, determine where product options appear, and enter custom XML code.

Design

Field Descriptions
FIELD SCOPE DESCRIPTION
Theme Store View Gives you the ability to apply a different theme to the
product. Options: (All available themes)

Display product options in Store View Options: Product Info Column / Block after Info
Column

Layout Update XML Store View Add XML code to customize the theme.

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Scheduled Design Update

The Scheduled Design Update section gives you the ability to make temporary changes to the
appearance of the product page. You can schedule design changes for a season, promotion, or
just to mix things up. Design changes can be scheduled in advance, so they go into effect, or
drip on schedule.

Scheduled Design Update

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Gift Options
Gift Options can be set at the product level to allow a gift message to be included during
checkout. To override the default configuration setting, clear the Use Config Settings checkbox.

Gift Options

To set gift options for a single product:

1. Open the product in edit mode.

Scroll down and expand the Gift Options section. Then, do the following:

a. To override the default setting, clear the Use Config Settings checkbox.

b. Set Allow Gift Message as needed for the product.

2. When complete, tap Save.

Downloadable Information
The Downloadable Information section is used to generate the links to downloadable products
and samples. To learn more, see: Downloadable Product.

Downloadable Information

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Grouped Products
The Grouped Products section is used to add individual products to a Grouped product. After
the products are added, they appear in the section.

Grouped Product Items

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Bundle Items
The Bundle Items section is used to add items to a Bundle product type, and also to edit the
current selection of items.

Bundle Items Section

Bundle Items

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Managing Pricing
Magento supports a number of pricing options that you can use for promotions, or to meet the
minimum advertised pricing requirements of the manufacturer. Changes to product pricing can
be made on schedule, or by price rule that is applied at the product level or in the shopping
cart. Topics in this chapter:

l Advanced Pricing
l Group Price
l Special Price
l Tier Price
l Minimum Advertised Price

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Advanced Pricing
The Advanced Pricing settings define the required conditions for special pricing based on the
customer group and website, and also determine quantity discount tier pricing.

Advanced Pricing

To display the Advanced Pricing options:

1. Open the product in edit mode.

2. Under the Price field, click Advanced Pricing.

Advanced Pricing

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Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION
Group Price Sets up promotional prices for specific customer groups within the
selected website. Options include:

Web Site Identifies the website where the group price

rule applies. This option appears only if the
installation has multiple websites.

Customer Group (Required) Identifies the customer group that

qualifies to receive the group price.

Price (Required) Specifies the product price for

members of the customer group, within the
specific website.

Action Deletes the current Group Price rule.

Add Group Price Inserts an additional row for a new Group Price rule

Special Price Offers a discounted price during the time period defined by the
From/To dates.
In the storefront when a special price is available, the retail price is
crossed out and the special price appears below in large, bold text.

From Sets the first date the Special Price is

available. You can either enter the date or
select it from the calendar.

To Sets the last date the Special Price is

available. You can either enter the date or
select it from the calendar.

Cost The actual cost of the item.

Tier Price Offers a quantity discount to members of a specific customer group

and website. Options include:

Web Site Identifies a specific website where the tier

price rule applies.

Customer Group Identifies a specific customer group that

qualifies to receive the tier price discount.

Quantity (Required) The quantity that must be

purchased to receive the tier price.

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Field Descriptions (cont.)

FIELD DESCRIPTION

Price (Required) The discounted product price for

the quantity purchased.

Deletes the current tier price rule.

Add Inserts an additional row for a new tier price rule definition.

Manufacturer's Suggested The manufacturer's suggested retail price (MSRP)for the product.
Retail Price

Display Actual Price Determines where the actual price of the product is visible to the
customer. Options:

Use Config Uses the current configuration setting for the

price display.

On Gesture Displays the actual product price in a popup,

in response to the "Click for price" or What's
this?" link.

In Cart Displays the actual product price in the

shopping cart.

Before Order Displays the actual product price at the end

Confirmation of the checkout process, just before the order
is submitted.

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Group Price
A discounted price on any product can be extended to members of a specific customer group,
provided they shop while logged in to their accounts. The discounted price appears on the
product page with the regular price noted below, and replaces the regular price in the shopping
cart.

Customer group prices are a component of tier pricing, and are set up in a similar way. The
only difference is that the customer group prices have a quantity of 1.

Group Price Discount

To set up a group price:

1. Open the product in edit mode.

2. Below the Price field, click Advanced Pricing.

3. In the Tier Price section, tap Add . Then, do the following:

a. If your Magento installation includes multiple Websites, choose the one(s) where the
group price applies.

b. Choose the Customer Group that is to receive the discount.

c. Enter a quantity of 1.

d. Enter the discounted Price.

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Group Price

4. To add another group price tap Add and repeat the previous steps.

5. When complete, tap Done. Then, tap Save.

Group Price Applied in Shopping Cart

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Special Price
To offer a special price, enter the discounted price and the dates when the special price is in
effect. The special price appears instead of the regular price, followed by was (previous price).

Special Price

To apply a special price:

1. Open the product in edit mode.

2. Below the Price field, click Advanced Pricing.

3. Enter the amount of the Special Price.

4. To establish when the special price is in effect, use the Calendar button to the right of each
field to enter the Special Price From and Special Price To dates.

Special Pricing Settings

5. When complete, tap Done. Then, tap Save.

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Tier Price
Tier pricing lets you offer a quantity discount from the catalog list and product detail pages.
The discount can be applied to a specific store view or customer group.

Tier Price on Product Page

The product page calculates the quantity discount and displays a message such as:

Buy 3 for $5.00 each and save 29%

The prices in the storefront take precedence from the highest to the lowest quantity. Therefore,
if you have a tier for the quantity 5 and one for the quantity 10, and a customer adds 5, 6, 7, 8
or 9 items to the shopping cart, the customer receives the discounted price that you specified
for the quantity 5 tier. As soon as the customer adds the 10th item, the discounted price
specified for the quantity 10 tier supersedes the tier for a quantity of 5, and discounted price for
10 applies.

To set up a tier price:

1. Open the product in edit mode.

2. Below the Price field, click Advanced Pricing.

3. In the Tier Price section, tap Add. Then, do the following:

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Tier Pricing

a. If your store has multiple websites, choose the Website where the tier pricing applies.

b. If applicable, choose the Customer Group to receive the discount.

c. In the Qty field, enter the quantity that must be ordered to receive the tier price.

d. In the Item Price field, enter the adjusted price of the item.

To apply the same tier to more than one group, create a separate tier for each group, but
with the same Qty and Price information.

4. To add another group price, tap Add and repeat the previous steps.

5. When complete, tap Done. Then, tap Save.

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Minimum Advertised Price

Merchants are sometimes prohibited from displaying a price that is lower than the
manufacturers suggested retail price (MSRP). Magentos Minimum Advertised Price (MAP)
gives you the ability to remain in compliance with the manufacturers requirements while
offering your customers a better price. Because requirements differ from one manufacturer to
another, you can configure your store to prevent the display of your actual price on pages where
it is not allowed to appear according to the terms of the manufacturer.

MAP Logic

For products with prices that depend on a selected options, (such as custom options, or simple
products with their own SKUs and stock management), the following logic is used:

l MAP is applied to the main price. The prices of options, bundle items, and associated
products (which add or subtract from the main price) appear normally.
l If a product does not have a main price, and its price is derived from the associated product
prices (such as in a grouped product), the MAP settings of the associated products are
applied.
l If a product in the cart has the Manufacturers Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) specified, the
price is not crossed-out.

For other price settings, the following MAP logic is used:

l If tier pricing is set, the tier price appears according to the Display Actual Price setting.
l If a special price is set, it is considered to be the actual price for MAP.

In the order management and customer management tools, as well as in the reports sections of
the Admin, only the actual price appears.

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Using MAP with Product Types

PRODUCT TYPE DESCRIPTION
Simple, Virtual The actual price does not automatically appear on catalog list and
product pages, but is included only according to the Display Actual
Price setting. Custom option prices appear normally.

Grouped The prices of associated simple products do not automatically

appear on catalog list and product pages, but are included only
according to the Display Actual Price setting.

Configurable The actual price does not automatically appear on catalog list and
product pages, but is included only according to the Display Actual
Price setting. Option prices appear normally.

Bundle (with fixed price) The actual price does not automatically appear on catalog pages, but
is included only according to the Display Actual Price setting. The
prices of bundle items appear normally.

MAP is not available for bundle products with dynamic pricing.

Downloadable The actual price does not automatically appear on catalog list and
product pages, but is included only according to the Display Actual
Price setting. The price associated with each download link appears
normally.

Using MAP with Price Settings

PRICE SETTING DESCRIPTION
Tier Price If tier pricing is set, the tier pricing message is not displayed in the
catalog. On the product page a notification is displayed that indicates
that the price can be lower when ordering more than a certain
quantity, but the discount is displayed in percentages only. For
associated products of a grouped product, the discounts are not
displayed on the product page.
The tier price is shown according to the Display Actual Price setting.

Special Price If the Special price is specified, the special price is displayed
according to the Display Actual Price setting.

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Configuring MAP
Your stores MAP settings can be applied to all products in your catalog, or configured for
specific products. When Minimum Advertised Price is enabled globally, all product prices in the
storefront are hidden from view. There are a variety of configuration options that you can use to
remain in compliance with the terms of your agreement with the manufacturer, while still
offering your customers a better price.

Actual Price Appears On Gesture

On the global level, you can enable or disable MAP, apply it to all products, define how the
actual price is displayed, and edit the text of the related messages and information tips that
appear in the store.

When MAP is enabled, the product-level MAP settings become available. You can apply MAP to
an individual product by entering the MSRP, and choosing how you want the actual price to
appear in the store. Product-level MAP settings override the global MAP settings.

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Click for Price

To configure MAP:
1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. If applicable, in the upper-right corner, set Store View to the view where the configuration
applies.

3. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Sales.

4. Expand the Minimum Advertised Price section.

5. If necessary, set Enable MAP to Yes. Then, do the following:

Minimum Advertised Price

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Method 1: Configure MAPfor All Products:

1. To determine when and where you want the actual price to be visible to customers, do the
following:

a. To change the default value, clear the Use system value checkbox.

b. Set Display Actual Price to one of the following:

l In Cart
l Before Order Confirmation
l On Gesture (on click)
2. Enter the text that you want to appear in the Default Popup Text Message.

3. Enter any additional explanation that you want to appear in the Default Whats This
Text Message.

4. When complete, tap Save Config .

Method 2: Configure MAP for a Single Product

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

2. Open the product in Edit mode.

3. In the panel on the left under Advanced Settings, choose Advanced Pricing. Then, do the
following:

Manufacturers Suggested Retail Price

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a. Enter the Manufacturers Suggested Retail Price.

In this example, the product price is $54.00, and the MSRP is 59.95.

b. Set Display Actual Price to one of the following:

Use config (Default) Applies the MAP configuration setting.

On Gesture Displays the actual product price in a popup when the customer
clicks the Click for price or Whats this? link.

In Cart Displays the actual product price in the shopping cart.

Before Order Displays the actual product price at the end of the checkout
Confirmation process, just before the order is confirmed.

The Manufacturers Suggested Retail Price and Display Actual Price fields appear only when
Minimum Advertised Price is enabled in the configuration.

6. When complete, tap Done. Then, tap Save.

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Managing Inventory
Each product in your catalog has both a short and long version of the Advanced Inventory
options, depending on whether you want to manage stock for the product. The long form
appears when Manage Stock is set to Yes. The initial values reflect the default Product Stock
Options set in the configuration.

Advanced Inventory (Short Form)

Method 1: Without Stock Management

1. Open the product in edit mode.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced Settings, choose Advanced Inventory.

3. Set Manage Stock to No. If necessary, clear the Use Config Settings checkbox to make the
field available.

4. Enter the Minimum Qty Allowed in Shopping Cart.

5. Enter the Maximum Qty Allowed in Shopping Cart.

6. If you want to sell by quantity increment, do the following:

a. Set Enable Qty Increments to Yes.

b. In the Qty Increments field, enter the number of products that must be purchased in an
incremental step. For example, if you enter 6, the customer must purchase the product in
quantities of 6, 12, 18, and so on.

7. When complete, tap Save.

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Field Descriptions
FIELD SCOPE DESCRIPTION
Manage Stock Global Determines if inventory control is used to manage this
product in your catalog. Options: Yes / No

Minimum Qty Allowed in Global Determines the minimum number of the product that
Shopping Cart can be purchased in a single order.

Maximum Qty Allowed in Global Determines the maximum number of the product that
Shopping Cart can be purchased in a single order.

Enable Qty Increments Global Determines if the product can be sold in quantity
increments. Options: Yes / No

Qty Increments Global Enter the number of products that must be purchased
at the same time. For example, if set to 6, the
customer must purchase a quantity of 6, 12, 18, and
so on.
When a product is sold in quantity increments, the
number appears in the upper-right corner, next to the
shopping cart link. If the customer tries to purchase
the product in any other quantity, a message appears
in the shopping cart,

Method 2: With Stock Management

1. Open the product in edit mode.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced Settings, choose Advanced Inventory.

3. Set Manage Stock to Yes. If necessary, clear the Use Config Settings checkbox to make the
field available. Then, do the following:

a. Enter the Qty currently in stock.

b. Enter the Qty for Items Status to Become Out of Stock.

c. Enter the Minimum Qty Allowed in Shopping Cart.

d. Enter the Maximum Qty Allowed in Shopping Cart.

4. If the quantity is a decimal value, do the following:

a. Set Qty Uses Decimals to Yes.

b. If the quantity purchased Can be Divided into Multiple Boxes for Shipping, select Yes.

5. Set Backorders to one of the following:

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l No Backorders
l Allow Qty Below 0
l Allow Qty Below 0 and Notify Customer

6. In the Notify for Quantity Below field, enter the stock level that triggers a Quantity Below
notification.

7. To sell the product in quantity increments, do the following:

a. Set Enable Qty Increments to Yes.

b. In the Qty Increments field, enter the number of products that must be purchased in an
incremental step. For example, if you enter 6, the customer must purchase the product in
quantities of 6, 12, 18, and so on.

8. If the product is currently in stock, set Stock Availability to In Stock.

9. When complete, tap Save .

Advanced Inventory (Long Form)

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Field Descriptions
FIELD SCOPE DESCRIPTION
Manage Stock Global Determines if inventory control is used to manage this
product in your catalog. Options:

Yes Displays the long form with all stock

management options.

No Display the short form without stock

management options.

Qty Global The quantity of the item that is currently in stock.

Qty for Items Status to Global Determines the stock level at which a product is
Become Out of Stock considered to be out of stock.

Minimum Qty Allowed in Global Determines the minimum number of the product that
Shopping Cart can be purchased in a single order.

Maximum Qty Allowed in Global Determines the maximum number of the product that
Shopping Cart can be purchased in a single order.

Qty Uses Decimals Global Determines if customers can use a decimal value
rather than a whole number when entering the quantity
ordered. Options:

Yes Permits values to be entered as

decimals, rather than whole
numbers, which is suitable for
products sold by weight, volume or
length.

No Requires quantity values to be

entered as whole numbers.

Can be Divided into Global Determines if parts of the product can be shipped
Multiple Boxes for separately. Options: Yes / No
Shipping

Backorders Global Determines how backorders are managed.

Backorders do not change the processing status of
the order. Funds are still authorized or captured
immediately when the order is placed, regardless of
whether the product is in stock. Products are shipped
as they become available. Options:

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Field Descriptions (cont.)

FIELD SCOPE DESCRIPTION

No Does not accept backorders when

Backorders product is out of stock.

Allow Qty Accepts backorders when the

Below 0 quantity falls below zero.

Allow Qty Accepts backorders when the

Below 0 and quantity falls below zero, but notifies
Notify customers that orders can still be
Customer placed.

Notify for Quantity Below Global Determines the stock level at which notification is
sent that the inventory has fallen below the threshold.

Enable Qty Increments Global Determines if the product can be sold in quantity
increments. Options: Yes / No

Stock Availability Global Determines the current availability of the product.

Options:

In Stock Makes the product available for

purchase.

Out of Stock Unless Backorders are activated,

prevents the product from being
available for purchase and removes
the listing from the catalog.

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Stock Options
Your catalog can be configured to display the availability of each item as In Stock or Out of
Stock, The configuration setting applies to the catalog as a whole, and the message changes
according to the stock status of the product. There are several display variations possible,
including how out of stock products are managed in the catalog and in product listings.

The out of stock threshold indicates when a product needs to be reordered, and can be set to
any number greater than zero. Another way you can use the stock availability threshold is to
manage products that are in high demand. If you want to capture new customers, rather than
sell to high-quantity buyers, you can set a maximum quantity to prevent a single buyer from
taking out your entire inventory.

In Stock, Only 1 Left

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To configure stock options:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Inventory.

3. Expand the Stock Options section, and do the following:

a. To return items to stock if an order is canceled, Set Items Status to be in Stock When
Order in Canceled to Yes.

b. To adjust the quantity on hand when an order is placed, set Decrease Stock When Order
is Placed to Yes.

c. Set Display Out of Stock Products to Yes to continue to display products in the catalog
that are no longer in stock.

If price alerts are enabled, customers can sign up to be notified when the product is back in
stock.

d. To display the message, Only x left, enter the number in the Display X left Threshold
field.

The message begins to appear when the quantity in stock reaches the threshold. For
example, if set to 3, the message Only 3 left appears when the quantity in stock reaches
3. The message adjusts to reflect the quantity in stock, until the quantity reaches zero.

e. To display an In Stock or Out of Stock message on the product page, set Display
Products Availability In Stock on Storefront to Yes.

Stock Options

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Product Stock Options

The Product Stock Options configuration determines the default product inventory settings at
the product level. The configuration applies to individual products, rather than to the contents
of the cart as a whole.

To configure the default inventory settings:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Inventory.

3. Expand the Product Stock Options section, and do the following:

a. To activate inventory control for your catalog, set Manage Stock to Yes.

Product Stock Options

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b. Set Backorders to one of the following:

No Backorders To not accept backorders when product is out of stock.

Allow Qty Below 0 To accept backorders when the quantity falls below zero.

Allow Qty Below 0 and To accept backorders when the quantity falls below zero, and
Notify Customer notify the customer that the order can still be placed.

c. Enter the Maximum Qty Allowed in Shopping Cart.

d. Enter the Qty for Item's Status to Become Out of Stock.

e. Enter the Minimum Qty Allowed in Shopping Cart.

f. In the Notify for Quantity Below field, enter the stock level that triggers notification that
the item is out of stock.

g. To activate quantity increments for the product, set Enable Qty Increments to Yes. Then
in the Qty Increments field, enter the number of the items that must be purchased to meet
the requirement. For example, an item that is sold in increments of 6 can be purchased in
quantities of 6, 12, 18, and so on.

h. When a credit memo is issued for the item, set Automatically Return Credit Memo Item to
Stock to Yes if you want to return the item to inventory by default.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Stock Message Scenarios

You can use a combination of configuration settings to control stock availability messages on
product pages and in listings of products on catalog pages.

Grouped Product with Out of Stock Message

Product Page Stock Messages

There are several variations of messaging available for the product page, depending on the
combination of Manage Stock and Stock Availability settings.

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Example 1: Show Availability Message

Scenario 1: This combination of settings causes the availability message to appear on the
product page, according to the stock availability of each product.

STOCK OPTIONS MESSAGE

Display product availability in stock in the frontend: Yes

Product Inventory

Manage Stock Yes

Stock Availability In Stock Availability: In

Out of Stock Stock
Availability: Out of
Stock

Scenario 2: When stock is not managed for a product, this combination of settings can be
used to display the availability message on the product page.

STOCK OPTIONS MESSAGE

Display product availability in stock in the frontend: Yes

Product Inventory

Manage Stock No Availability: In

Stock

Example 2: Hide Availability Message

Scenario 1: This combination of configuration and product settings prevents the availability
message from appearing on the product page.

STOCK OPTIONS MESSAGE

Display product availability in stock in the frontend: No

Product Inventory

Manage Stock Yes

Stock Availability In Stock None

Out of Stock None

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Scenario 2: When stock is not managed for a product, this combination of configuration and
product settings prevents the availability message from appearing on the product page.

STOCK OPTIONS MESSAGE

Display product availability in stock in the frontend: No

Product Inventory

Manage Stock No None

Catalog Page Stock Messages

The following display options are possible for the category and search results lists, depending
on the product availability and configuration settings.

Out of Stock Message on Category Page

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Example 1: Show Product with Out of Stock Message

This combination of configuration settings includes out of stock products in the category and
search results lists, and displays an out of stock message.

STOCK OPTIONS MESSAGE

Display Out of Stock Products Yes
Display product availability in stock in the frontend Yes Out of stock

Display Out of Stock Products Yes

Display product availability in stock in the frontend No None

Example 2: Show Product without Out of Stock Message

This combination of configuration settings includes out of stock products in the category and
search results lists, but does not display a message.

STOCK OPTIONS MESSAGE

Display Out of Stock Products Yes None
Display product availability in stock in the frontend No

Example 3: Hide Product Until Back in Stock

This configuration setting omits out of stock products entirely from the category and search
results lists, until they are back in stock.

STOCK OPTIONS MESSAGE

Display Out of Stock Products No None

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Product Alerts
Customers can subscribe to two types of alerts by email: price change alerts and in-stock alerts.
For each type of alert, you can determine if customers are able to subscribe, select the email
template that is used, and identify the sender of the email.

Sign Up for Price Alert

When price change alerts are enabled, a Sign up for price alert link appears on every product
page. Customers can click the link to subscribe to alerts related to the product. Guests are
prompted to open an account with your store. Whenever the price changes, or the product goes
on special, everyone who has signed up to be notified receives an email alert.

The in-stock alert creates a link called Sign up to get notified when this product is back in
stock for every product that is out of stock. Customers can click the link to subscribe to the
alert. When the product is back in stock, customers receive email notification that the product
is available. Products with alerts have a Product Alerts tab in the Product Information panel
that lists the customers who have subscribed to an alert.

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To set up product alerts:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog.

3. Click to expand the Product Alerts section, and do the following:

a. To offer price change alerts to your customers, set Allow Alert When Product Price
Changes to Yes.

b. Set Price Alert Email Template to the template that you want to use for the price alert
notifications.

c. To offer alerts when out-of-stock products become available again, set Allow Alert When
Product Comes Back in Stock to Yes.

The Sign up to get notified when this product is back in stock message appears only when
Inventory Stock Options - Display Out of Stock Products is set to Yes.

d. Set Stock Alert Email Template to the template that you want to use for product stock
alerts.

e. Set Alert Email Sender to the store contact that you want to appear as the sender of the
email alert.

Product Alerts

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Product Alert Run Settings

These settings enable you to select how often Magento checks for changes that require alerts to
be sent. Additionally, you can select the recipient, sender, and template for emails that are sent
if the sending of alerts fails.

Product Alert Run Settings

To set up product alerts:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Product Alerts Run Settings section, and do the following:

a. To determine how often product alerts are sent, set Frequency to one of the following:

l Daily
l Weekly
l Monthly

b. To determine the time of day product alerts are sent, set Start Time to the hour, minute,
and second.

c. In the Error Email Recipient field, enter the email of the person to be contacted if an error
occurs.

d. In the Error Email Sender field, select the store identity that appears as the sender of the
error notification.

e. Set Error Email Template to the transactional email template to be used for the error
notification.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Images and Video

Using high-quality images of consistent proportion gives your catalog a professional look with
commercial appeal. If you have a large catalog with several images per product, you can easily
have hundreds, if not thousands of product images to manage. Before you get started, establish
a naming convention for your image files, and organize them so you can find the originals if
you ever need them.

Product Images
A single product image is rendered in different sizes throughout the catalog. The size of the
image container on the page is defined in the style sheet, but how the image is used is
determined by the role that is assigned to the image. The main product image, or base image,
must be large enough to produce the magnification that is needed for zoom. In addition to the
main image, a smaller version of the same image might appear in product listings, or as a
thumbnail in the shopping cart. You can upload an image in the largest size that is needed,
and let Magento render the sizes needed for each use. The same image can be used for all roles,
or a different image can be assigned to each role. By default, the first image that is uploaded is
assigned to all three roles.

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Uploading Product Images

For each product, you can upload multiple images, rearrange their order mages, and control
how each image is used. If you have a large quantity of images to manage, you might prefer to
import them as a batch, rather than upload each one individually. To learn more, see:
Importing Product Images.

To manage images:
1. Open the product in edit mode. Scroll down and expand the Images and Videos section. Then,
do any of the following:

Upload an Image
l Drag an image from your desktop, and drop it on the camera ( ) tile in the Images box.
l In the Images box, tap the camera ( ) tile, and navigate to the image file on your
computer. Then, select the image, and tap Open.

Upload or Drag and Drop

Rearrange Images

To change the order of images in the gallery, tap the Sort ( ) icon at the bottom of the image
tile. Then, drag the image to a different position in the Images box.

Change Order

Delete an Image

To remove an image from the gallery, tap the Delete ( ) icon in the upper-right corner of the
image tile. Then, tap Save.

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2. Tap the image that you want to open in detail view: Then, do any of the following:

Image Detail View

Enter Alt Text

Image Alt text is referenced by screen readers to improve web accessibility, and by search
engines when indexing the site. Some browsers display the Alt text on mouseover. Alt text can
be several words long, and include carefully selected key words.

In the Alt Text box, enter a brief description of the image.

Assign Roles
By default, all roles are assigned to the first image that is uploaded to the product. To reassign
a role to another image, do the following:

1. Tap an image tile to open the image in detail view.

2. In the Role box, choose the role that you want to assign to the image.

When you return to the Images and Videos section, the currently assigned roles appear
below each image.

Assigned Roles

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Hide Image
To exclude an image from the thumbnail gallery, mark the Hidden checkbox. Then, tap Save.

Hidden Images

3. To close detail view, click the Close ( ) box in the upper-right corner.

4. When complete, tap Save

Image Roles
IMAGE ROLE DESCRIPTION
Thumbnail Thumbnail images appear in the thumbnail gallery, shopping cart, and
in some blocks such as Related Items.
Example size: 50 x 50 pixels

Small Image The small image is used for the product images in listings on
category and search results pages, and to display the product images
needed for sections such as for Up-sells, Cross-sells, and the New
Products List.
Example size: 470 x 470 pixels

Base Image The base image is the main image on the product detail page. Image
zoom is activated if you upload an image that is larger image than the
image container. Example sizes:
470 x 470 pixels (without Zoom)
1100 x 1100 pixels (with Zoom)

Swatch A swatch can be used to illustrate the color, pattern, or texture.

Example size: 50 x 50 pixels

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Adding Product Video

To add product video, you must first obtain an API Key from your Google account, and enter it
in the configuration of your store. Then, you can link to the video from the product.

Step 1: Get Your YouTube APIKey

1. Log in to your Google account, and visit the Google Developers Console. Then, do the
following:

a. Under Use Google APIs, click Enable and manage APIs.

b. In the panel on the left choose Credentials. Expand the Add Credentials menu, and
choose APIkey.

c. When prompted to create a new key, choose Server key. Enter a name for the key, and tap
Create.

2. Wait a few moments while the key is generated. Then, copy the key to the clipboard.

In the next step, you will paste the key into your stores configuration.

Step 2: Configure Magento

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Product Video section. Then, paste your YouTube APIkey.

Product Video

4. When complete, click Save Config.

5. When prompted, refresh the cache.

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Step 3: Link to the Video

1. Open a product in edit mode. Then in the Images and Video section, tap Add Video.

If you havent yet entered your YouTube APIkey, tap OKto continue. You wont be able to link
to a YouTube video, but you can go through the process.

Add Video

2. Enter the URLof the YouTube or Vimeo video.

3. Enter the Title and Description of the video.

4. To upload a Preview Image, browse to the image and select the file.

5. If you prefer to use the video meta data, tap Get Video Information.

6. To determine how the video is used in the store, mark the checkbox of each Role that applies:

l Base Image
l Small Image
l Swatch Image
l Thumbnail
l Hide from Product Page

7. When complete, tap Save.

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New Video

Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION
URL The URLof the associated video.

Title The video title.

Description The video description.

Preview Image An uploaded image that is used as a preview of the video in your
store.

Get Video Information Retrieves the video meta data that is stored on the host server. You
can use the original data, or update it as needed.

Role Determines how the preview image is used in your store. Options:
Base Image
Small Image
Thumbnail
Swatch Image
Hide from Product Page

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Media Gallery
The media gallery on the product page displays multiple images, video, or swatches related to
the product. Each thumbnail can show a different view or variation of the product. Click a
thumbnail to browse through the gallery, Although the position of the gallery varies by theme,
the default position is just below the main image on the product page.

Media Gallery

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Image Zoom
Customers can view a magnified portion of the image on mouseover, if the image is large
enough to create the zoom effect. When zoom is activated, you can click the main image and
move the cursor around to magnify different parts of the image. The magnified selection
appears to the right of the image.

Image Zoom

Light Boxes and Sliders

There are many third-party light boxes and sliders that you can use to enhance the
presentation of your product images. Look for extensions in Magento Marketplace.

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Placeholders
Magento uses temporary images as placeholders until the permanent product images become
available. A different placeholder can be uploaded for each role. The initial placeholder image is
the Magento logo, which you can replace with an image of your choice.

Image Placeholder

To upload placeholder images:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, and choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Product Image Placeholders section.

4. For each image role, tap Choose File. Find the image on your computer and upload the file.
You can use the same image for all three roles, or upload a different placeholder image for each
role.

Product Image Placeholders

5. When complete, tap Save.

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Watermarks
If you go to the expense of creating your own original product images, there is not much you
can do to prevent unscrupulous competitors from stealing them with the click of a mouse.
However, you can make them a less attractive target by placing a watermark on each image to
identify them as your property. A watermark file can be either a .jpg (jpeg), .gif, or .png image.
Both ,gif and .png formats support transparent layers, which can be used to give the
watermark a transparent background.

The watermark used for the small image in the following example is a black logo with a
transparent background, and saved as a .png file with the following settings:

Size: 50x50

Opacity: 5

Position: Tile

Tiled Watermark

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To add watermarks to product images:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Configuration.

2. Find the store view that you want to configure. Then in the Action column, click Edit.

3. Under Other Settings, expand the Product Image Watermarks section.

4. Complete the Base, Thumbnail, Small, and Swatch Image image settings as follows:

a. Enter the Image Opacity as a percentage. For example: 40

b. Enter the Image Size, in pixels. For example: 200 x 200

c. Tap Upload, and choose the image file that you want to use.

d. Set Image Position to determine where the watermark appears.

Product Image Watermarks

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5. When complete, tap Save Config.

6. When prompted to refresh the cache, tap the Cache Management link in the system message.
Then, refresh the invalid cache.

Refresh Cache

To restore the default value:

Tap Use Default Value ( ).

To delete a watermark:

1. In the lower-left corner of the image, tap Delete ( ).

Delete Watermark

2. Tap Save Config.

3. When prompted to refresh the cache, tap the Cache Management link in the system message.
Then, refresh the invalid cache.

If the watermark image persists in the storefront, return to Cache Management and tap
FlushMagentoCache.

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Swatches
Customers have high expectations when it comes to color, and it is crucial that product
descriptions accurately represent each available color, pattern, or texture. For example, the
capris in the illustration below are not simply available in red, green, and blue. Rather, they are
available only in very specific shades of red, green, and blue, which are probably unique to this
product.

For configurable products, color can be indicated by a visual swatch, text swatch, or a drop-
down input control. Swatches can be used on the product page, in product listings, and in
layered navigation. On the product page, swatches are synchronized to display the
corresponding product image when the swatch is chosen. When chosen, the corresponding
value appears in the input field, and the swatch is outlined as the current selection.

Swatches on Product Page

Text-Based Swatches
If an image isnt available for a swatch, the attribute value appears as text. A text-based
swatch is like a button with a text label, and behaves in the same way as a swatch with an
image. When text-based swatches are used to show the available sizes, any size that is not
available is crossed out.

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Text-Based Swatches for Size

Swatches in Layered Navigation

Swatches can also be used in layered navigation, provided that the Use in Layered Navigation
property of the color attribute is set to Yes. The following example shows both text-based
and color image swatches in layered navigation.

Swatches in Layered Navigation

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Creating Swatches
Swatches can be defined as a component of the color attribute, or set up locally for a specific
product as uploaded product images.

In the following examples, the Sylvia Capris are available in specific values of red, green, and
blue. Because the swatches were taken from the product image, each is a true representation of
the color. The color attribute is used to manage the information for all product colors and
swatches.

Step 1: Create the Swatches

Use either of the following methods to create swatches for your products:

Method 1: Add a Color Swatch

1. To capture the true color of a product, open the image in a photo editor and use the eye
dropper tool to identify the exact color. Then, take note of the equivalent hexadecimal value.

Hexadecimal Color Values

2. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Attributes, choose Product.

3. In the grid, open the color attribute in edit mode.

4. Verify that Catalog Input Type for Store Owner is set to Visual Swatch.

5. Under Manage Swatch (values of your attribute), tap Add Swatch. Then, do the following:

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Manage Swatch Values

a. In the Swatch column, tap the new swatch to display the menu. Then, select Choose a
color.

Choose a Color
b. In the color picker, place your cursor in the # field, and press the Backspace key to delete
the current value. Then, enter the six-character hexadecimal value of the new color..

c. To save the swatch, tap the Color Wheel ( ) in the lower-right corner of the color picker.

d. In the Admin column, enter a label to describe the color to the store administrator. Then if
applicable, enter the translation of the color for each each language supported. In the
following example, we include the SKU for reference in the Admin label because the colors
are used only for a specific product. You can include a space or underscore in the label,
but not a hyphen.

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e. In the Is Default column, select the swatch that is to be the default option.

f. To change the order of the swatches, simply drag each swatch into position.

Swatch Labels

6. When complete, tap Save Attribute. Then when prompted, refresh the cache.

7. The last step is to open each product in Edit mode, and update the Color attribute with the
correct swatch. To update multiple products at the same time, follow the steps below.

Method 2:Upload a Swatch Image

1. To capture an image for a swatch, open the product image in a photo editor, and save a square
area of the image that depicts the color, pattern, or texture. Then repeat for each variation of
the product. The size and dimensions of the swatch is determined by the theme. As a general
rule, saving an image as a square helps to preserve the aspect ratio of a pattern.

Swatch Images

2. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Attributes, choose Product.

3. In the grid, open the color attribute in edit mode.

4. Verify that Catalog Input Type for Store Owner is set to Visual Swatch.

5. Under Manage Swatch (values of your attribute), tap Add Swatch. Then, do the following:

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a. In the Swatch column, tap the new swatch to display the menu. Then, choose Upload a
file.

Upload a File
b. Navigate to the swatch file that you prepared, and choose the file to upload.

c. Repeat these steps for each swatch image.

d. Enter the labels for the Admin and Storefront. In this example, we include the SKU in the
admin label for reference because these colors are used only for a specific product. You can
include a space or underscore in the label, but not a hyphen.

Enter Labels

6. When complete, tap Save Attribute. Then when prompted, refresh the cache.

7. The last step is to open each product in Edit mode, and update the Color attribute with the
correct swatch. To update multiple products at the same time, follow the steps below.

Step 2: Update Your Products

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

2. Filter the list by Name or SKU to include only the applicable products. The following example
filters the list on a partial product name.

Filters

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3. In the grid, mark the checkbox of each product to which the swatch applies. In this example,
all blue capris are selected. Then, set the Actions control to Update Attributes.

Update Attributes

4. Scroll down to the Colorattribute, and mark the Change checkbox.

Change

5. Choose the swatch that applies to the selected products, and tap Save. Then when prompted,
refresh the cache.

Swatch in Storefront

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Categories
Before you add products to your catalog, you need to establish the basic category structure of
your catalog. Every product must be assigned to at least one category. Categories are usually
created in advance, before products are added to the catalog. However, you can also add
categories on the fly while creating a product.

Category Tree

Controls
FIELD DESCRIPTION

Add Root Category Creates a new root category.

Add Subcategory Adds a subcategory below the current category or subcategory.

Collapse All / Expand All Either collapses or expands the category tree.

Delete Removes the current category or subcategory from the tree.

Save Saves any changes made to the category.

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Creating Categories
The category structure of your catalog is like an upside-down tree, with the root at the top.
Each section of the tree can be expanded and collapsed. Any disabled or hidden categories are
grayed out. The first level of categories below the root typically appear as options in the main
menu. You can have as many additional subcategories as you need. Categories can be dragged
and dropped to other locations in the tree. The category ID number appears in parentheses
after the category name at the top of the page.

Category Tree

Process Overview:
Step 1: Create a Category
Step 2: Complete the Basic Information
Step 3: Complete the Category Content
Step 4: Complete the Display Settings
Step 5:Complete the Search Engine Optimization Settings
Step 6: Choose the Products in Category
Step 7: Complete the Design Settings

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Step 1: Create a Category

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Categories.

2. Set Store View to determine where the new category is to be available.

3. In the category tree, tap the parent category of the new category. The parent is one level above
the new category.

If youre starting from the beginning without any data, there might be only two categories in
the list: Default Category, which is the root, and an Example Category.

4. Tap Add Subcategory.

Step 2: Complete the Basic Information

1. If you want the category to be immediately available in the store, set Enable Category to the
Yes position.

2. To include the category in the top navigation, set Include in Menu to the Yes position.

3. Enter the Category Name.

Basic Information

4. Tap Save and continue.

Step 3: Complete the Category Content

1. Expand the Content section.

2. To display a Category Image at the top of the page, tap Upload. Then, choose the image that
you want to represent the category.

3. In the Description box, enter the text that you want to appear on the category landing page.
Then, format the text as needed. To learn more, see: Using the Editor.

4. To include a content block on the category landing page, choose the CMSBlock that you want
to appear.

5. Tap Save and continue.

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Content

Step 4: Complete the Display Settings

1. Expand the Display Settings section.

2. Set Display Mode to one of the following:

l Products Only
l Static Block Only
l Static Block and Products

3. If you want the category page to include the Filter by Attribute section of layered navigation,
set Anchor to the Yes position.

4. To change the Available Product Listing Sort By options, do the following:

a. Clear the Use All checkbox.

b. Select one or more of the available values to be available for customers to sort the list. By
default, all available values are included. For example, the values might include:

l Position
l Product Name
l Price

5. To set the default sort order for the category, choose the Default Product Listing Sort By value.

6. To change the default layered navigation price step setting, do the following:

a. Clear the Use Config Settings checkbox.

b. Enter the value to be used as an incremental price step for layered navigation.

7. Tap Save and continue.

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Display Settings

Step 5: Complete the Search Engine Optimization Settings

1. Expand the Search Engine Optimization Settings section.

2. Enter a URL Key for the category, or let the system automatically create one that is based on
the category name.

3. Complete the following meta data for the category:

l Meta Title
l Meta Keywords
l Meta Description

Search Engine Optimization

4. Tap Save and continue.

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Step 6: Choose the Products in Category

1. Expand the Products in Category section. Then, use one of the following methods to add
products to the category.

2. Use the filters as needed to find the products.

To display all records that are not yet included in the category, set the record chooser in the
first column to "No." Then, click Search.

3. In the first column, mark the checkbox of each product to include in the category.

Selected Products

4. Tap Save and continue.

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Step 7: Complete the Design Settings

1. Expand the Design section.

2. To change the design of the category pages, choose the Theme that you want to apply.

3. To change the column layout of the cateogry pages, choose the Layout that you want to apply.

4. To enter custom code, enter valid XML code in the Layout Update XML box.

Design

5. To schedule the design update for a specific time period, do the following:

a. Expand the Schedule Design Update section.

b. Use the calendar to choose the Schedule Update From and To dates.

Design

6. When complete, tap Save.

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Root Categories
The products in the main menu are determined by the root category that is assigned to the
store. The root category is basically a container for the main menu. You can create a new
catalog with an entirely new set of products, or copy products from an existing catalog. The
catalog can be assigned to the current store, or to any other store in the same website.

Scope of Main Menu

From the Admin, the category structure is like an upside-down tree, with the root on top. The
root has a name, but no URLkey, and does not appear in the top navigation of the store. All
other categories in the menu are nested below the root. Because the root category is the highest
level of the catalog, your store can have only one root category active at a time. You can,
however, create additional root categories for alternate catalog structures, different stores, and
views.

The following example shows how to create a new root category and assign it to a different
store.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Create a New Root Category
Step 2: Build Out the Main Menu
Step 3: Assign the Root Category to the Store

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Step 1: Create a New Root Category

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Categories.

2. In the panel on the left, tap Add Root Category.

New Root Category

3. Assign a Category Name.

The name you choose will initially be assigned to all store views.

4. If you want to add products to the catalog from the current catalog, do the following:

a. Expand the Products in Category section.

b. Use the search filters to find the products you want. Then, mark the checkbox of each
product that you want to copy into the new catalog.

5. When complete, tap Save.

Step 2: Build Out the Main Menu

1. In the panel on the left, select the new root category that you created in the previous step.

2. Tap Add Subcategory. Then, follow the instructions to create the category structure for the
main menu.

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Step 3: Assign the Root Category to the Store

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose All Stores.

2. In the Stores column of the grid, click the store that you want to assign the new catalog.

3. Set Root Category to the new root category that you created.

4. Make sure that the store has a Default Store View assigned. The store must have at least one
store view.

5. When complete, tap Save Store.

6. To verify that the store has a new catalog, do the following:

a. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then, choose Catalog.

Any products that were copied to the new catalog appear in the grid.

b. Visit the storefront to verify that the new catalog and main menu are working correctly.

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Hidden Categories
There are many ways to use hidden categories. You might want to create additional category
levels for your own internal purposes, but show only the higher-level categories to your
customers. Or, you might want to link to a category that is not included in the navigation
menu.

To create hidden categories:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Categories.

2. In the category tree, select the category you want to hide. Then, do the following:

a. Set Is Active to Yes.

b. Set Include in Menu to No.

3. In the Display Settings section, set Anchor to No.

The hidden category is active, but does not appear in the top menu, or in layered navigation.

4. Although the category is hidden, you can still create subcategories beneath it, and make them
active. Complete the following settings for each hidden subcategory:

a. Set Enable Category to Yes.

b. In the Display Settings section, set Anchor to Yes.

As active categories, you can now link to them from other places in your store, but they will not
appear in the menu.

5. When complete, tap Save .

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Content Settings
The Content settings determines any additional content that is to appear on the category page.
In addition to the list of category products, the page can include an image, text description,
and CMSblock.

Category Content

Field Descriptions
FIELD SCOPE DESCRIPTION
Category Image Store View Uploads an image that appears at the top of the
category page.

Upload Uploads an image for the

category page.

Description Store View Enter a description of the category content.

WYSIWYG Editor Toggles the editor between

WYSIWYG and HTML
modes.

Add CMS Block Store View Adds an existing CMS block to the category page.

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Display Settings
The Display Settings determine which content elements appear on a category page and the
order in which products appear. You can enable CMS blocks, set the anchor status of the
category, and manage sorting options from the Display Settings tab.

Display Settings

Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION
Display Mode Determines the content elements displayed on the category page.
Options:
Products Only
Static Block Only
Static Block and Products

Anchor When set to Yes, includes the filter by attribute section in the
layered navigation. Options:Yes/No

Available Product Listing (Required) The default values are Position, Name, and Price. To
Sort By customize the sorting option, clear the Use All Available Attributes
checkbox and select the attributes you want to use. You can define
and add attributes as needed.

Default Product Listing (Required) To define the default Sort By option, clear the Use
Sort By Config Settings checkbox and select an attribute.

Layered Navigation Price By default, Magento displays the price range in increments of 10,
Step 100, and 1000, depending on the products in the list. To change the
Price Step range, clear the Use Config Settings checkbox.

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Search Engine Optimization

The Search Engine Optimization section specifies the URLKey and meta data fields that are
used by search engines to index the category. Although some search engines ignore meta
keywords, others continue to use them. The current SEO best practice is to incorporate high-
value keywords in both the meta title and meta description.

Search Engine Optimization

Field Descriptions
FIELD SCOPE DESCRIPTION
URL Key Store View Determines the online address of the category page.
The URLkey is added to the base URL of the store,
and appears in the address bar of a browser. In the
configuration, you can either include or exclude the
category URL key in the product URL.
The URL Key should be all lowercase characters, with
hyphens instead of spaces. Do not include a suffix
such as .html, because it is managed in the
configuration.

Meta Title Store View The title appears in the title bar and tab of your
browser, and is also the title on a search engine
results page (SERP1). The meta title should be unique
to the page, and less than 70 characters in length.

Meta Keywords Store View Relevant keywords for the category Consider using
keywords that customers might use to find products in
the category.

1Search Engine Results Page

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Field Descriptions (cont.)

FIELD SCOPE DESCRIPTION
Meta Description Store View The meta description provides a brief overview of the
page for search results listings. An ideal length is
between 150-160 characters in length, with a
maximum of 255 characters. Although not visible to
the customer, some search engines include the meta
description on the search results page.

Products in Category
The Products in Category section lists the products that are currently assigned to the category.
The search filters at the top of each column are used to add and remove products from the
category.

Category Products

Controls
FIELD DESCRIPTION
Selection The checkbox in the header of the first column can be used to select
or deselect all products.
The control in the first row determines the type of search, and can be
set to include any record, or only those that are either assigned or not
assigned to the category. The checkbox in the first column of each
row identifies products to be added to the category. Options: Yes /
No / Any

Search Filters The filter controls at the top of each column can be used to enter
specific values you want to either include or omit from the list,
depending on the Select All setting.

Reset Filter Clears all search filters.

Search Searches the catalog based on the filter criteria, and displays the
result.

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Design Settings
The Design section gives you control over the look and feel of a category and all assigned
product pages, and page layout. You can customize a category page its assigned products for a
promotion or to differentiate the category. For example, you might develop distinctive design
for a brand or special line of products, or apply an update for a specific period of time.

Design
The Scheduled Design Update section determines the range of dates when a custom design is
applied to category pages.

Scheduled Design Update

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Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION
Use Parent Category Allows the current category to inherit the design settings from the
Settings parent category. Options:Yes/No

Theme Applies a custom theme to the category.

Layout Applies a different layout to the category page. Options:

No layout updates Preselected by default, and does not apply

layout changes to the category page.

Empty Use to define your own page layout.

(Requires an understanding of XML.)

1 column Applies a one-column layout to the category

page.

2 columns with left Applies a two-column layout with a left

bar sidebar to the category page.

2 columns with Applies a two-column layout with a right

right bar sidebar to the category page.

3 columns Applies a three-column layout to the category

page.

Layout Update XML Updates the theme layout with custom XML code.

Apply Design to Products When selected, applies the custom settings to all products in the
category.

SCHEDULED DESIGN UPDATE

Schedule Update From/To Determines the range of dates when a custom layout is applied to the
category.

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 CHAPTER 18:

Using Product Attributes

Attributes are the building blocks of your product catalog, and describe specific characteristics
of a product. Attributes determine the type of input control that is used for product options,
provide additional information for product pages, and are used as search parameters and
criteria for layered navigation, product comparison reports, and promotions. You can create as
many attributes as you need to describe the products in your catalog. Other attributes such as
price, are built into the core Magento platform and are referred to as system attributes.

Creating a New Attribute While Editing a Product

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Adding an Attribute
Although attributes are managed from the Stores menu, you can also add new attributes on
the fly while working on a product. You can choose from the list of existing attributes, or
create a new attribute. The new attribute is added to the attribute set upon which the product
is based.

Add Attribute

Process Overview:
Step 1: Add a New Attribute
Step 2: Describe the Basic Properties
Step 3: Describe the Advanced Properties
Step 4: Enter the Field Label
Step 5: Describe the Frontend Properties

Step 1: Add a New Attribute

1. Open the product in edit mode. Then in the upper-right corner, tap Add Attribute.

New Attribute

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2. To add an existing attribute to the product, use the filter controls to find the attribute in the
grid. Then, do the following:

a. Mark the checkbox in the first column of each attribute to be added.

b. Tap Add Selected.

3. To define a new attribute, tap Create New Attribute, and complete the following steps.

Step 2: Describe the Basic Properties

1. Under Attribute Properties, enter a Default Label to identify the attribute.

2. Set Catalog Input Type for Store Owner to the type in input control to be used for data entry.

If the attribute is used for a configurable product, choose Dropdown. Then, set Required to
Yes.

3. For Dropdown and Multiple Select input types, do the following:

a. Under Values, tap Add Value.

b. Enter the first value that you want to appear in the list. You can enter one value for the
Admin, and a translation of the value for each store view. If you have only one store view,
you can enter only the Admin value and it will be used for the storefront as well.

c. Tap Add Value and repeat the previous step for each option that you want to include in
the list.

d. Select Is Default to use the option as the default value.

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Values

4. If you want to require the customer to choose an option before the product can be purchased,
set Required to Yes.

Step 3: Describe the Advanced Properties (if needed)

1. Enter a unique Attribute Code in lowercase characters, and without spaces.

Advanced Attribute Properties

2. Set Scope to indicate where in your store hierarchy the attribute can be used.

If the attribute is used for a configurable product, choose Global.

3. If this attribute applies only to this product, set Unique Value to Yes.

4. To run a validity test of any data entered into a text field, set Input Validation for Store Owner
to the type of data that the field should contain. This field is not available for input types with
values that are selected. Input validation can be used for any of the following:

l Decimal Number
l Integer Number
l Email

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l URL
l Letters
l Letters (a-z, A-Z) or Numbers (0-9)

Input Validation

5. If you want to be able to include the attribute as a column in the Products grid, set Add to
Column Options to Yes.

6. If you want to be able to filter the Products grid by this column, set Use in Filter Options to
Yes.

Step 4: Enter the Field Label

1. Expand the Manage titles section.

2. Enter a Title to be used as a label for the field. If your store is available in different languages,
you can enter a translated title for each view.

Manage Titles

Step 5: Describe the Storefront Properties

1. Expand the Storefront Properties section. Then, do the following:

a. To make the attribute available for search, set Use in Search to Yes.

b. To include the attribute in Product Compare, set Comparable on Storefront to Yes.

c. To include dropdown, multiple select, or price attributes in layered navigation, set Use in
Search Results Layered Navigation to one of the following:

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Filterable (with Layered navigation includes only those filters for which matching
results) products can be found. Any attribute value that already applies to
all products shown in the list does not appear as an available filter.
Attribute values with a count of zero (0) product matches are also
omitted from the list of available filters.

The filtered list of products includes only those that match the
filter. The products list is updated only if the selected filter(s)
change what is currently shown.

Filterable (no Layered navigation includes filters for all available attribute values
results) and their product counts, including those with zero (0) product
matches. If the attribute value is a swatch, the value appears as a
filter, but is crossed out.

d. To use in layered navigation on search results pages, set Use in Search Results
Navigation to Yes.

e. In the Position field, enter a number to indicate the relative position of the attribute in the
layered navigation block.

f. To use the attribute in price rules, set Use for Promo Rule Conditions to Yes.

g. To allow the text to be formatted with HTML, set Allow HTML Tags on Storefront to
Yes.

This setting makes the WYSIWYG editor available when editing the field.

h. To include the attribute on the product page, set Visible on Catalog Pages on Storefront
to Yes.

2. Complete the following settings as supported by your theme:

a. To include the attribute in product listings, set Used in Product Listing to Yes.

b. To use attribute as a sort parameter for product listings, set Used for Sorting in Product
Listing to Yes.

3. When complete, tap Save Attribute.

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Storefront Properties

Attribute Input Types

When viewed from the Admin, attributes are the fields that you complete when you create a
product. The input type that is assigned to an attribute determines the type of data that can be
entered and the format of the field or input control. From the standpoint of the customer,
attributes provide information about the product, and are the options and data entry fields
that must be completed to purchase a product.

Attribute Input Types

PROPERTY DESCRIPTION
Text Field A single line input field for text.

Text Area A multiple-line input field for entering paragraphs of text such as a
product description. You can use the WYSIWYG Editor to format the
text with HTML tags, or type the tags directly into the text.

Date Date values can be entered by making a selection from a drop-down

list, or popup calendar ( ). Depending on your system configuration,
dates can be typed directly into a field, or selected from the calendar
or list. To format date and time values, see: Date & Time Custom
Options.

Yes/No Displays a drop-down list with pre-defined options of Yes and No.

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Attribute Input Types (cont.)

PROPERTY DESCRIPTION
Dropdown Displays a drop-down list of values. Only one item can be selected at
a time. The Dropdown input type is a key component of configurable
products.

Multiple Select Displays a drop-down list of values. To select more than one option,
hold the Ctrl key down and click each item.

Price This input type is used to create price fields that are in addition to the
predefined attributes, Price, Special Price, Tier Price and Cost. The
currency used is determined by your system configuration.

Media Image Associates an additional image with a product, such as a product

logo, care instructions, or ingredients from a food label. When you
add a media image attribute to the attribute set of a product, it
becomes an additional image type, along with Base, Small, and
Thumbnail. The media image attribute can be excluded from the
media gallery.

Fixed Product Tax Lets you define FPT rates based on the requirements of your locale.

Visual Swatch Displays a swatch that depicts the color, texture, or pattern of a
configurable product. A visual swatch can be filled with a
hexadecimal color value, or display an uploaded image that
represents the color, material, texture, or pattern of the option.

Text Swatch A text-based representation of a configurable product option that is

frequently used for size. Text swatches can also include
hexadecimal color values.

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Date & Time Options

You can customize the format of date and time fields, and select the input control that is used
for data entry. Dates values can be selected from a drop-down list, or pop-up calendar.

Pop-up Calendar

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To format date/time fields:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, tap Catalog. Then, choose the Catalog option.

3. Expand the Date & Time Custom Options section.

4. To use a popup calendar as the input control for date fields, set Use JavaScript Calendar to
Yes.

5. To establish the Date Fields Order, do the following:

a. Clear the Use system value checkbox.

b. Set the order of each part of the date field as needed:

l Month
l Day
l Year

c. To set your preferred time format, do the following:

d. Clear the Use system value checkbox.

e. Set Time Format to one of the following:

l 12h AM/PM
l 24h

f. To establish the Year Range for the drop-down values, enter the year in YYYY format to
set the from and to dates. If blank, the field defaults to the current year.

Date & Time Custom Options

6. When complete, tap Save Config.

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MARKETING

317
 Contents
In this section of the guide, youll learn how to Marketing Menu
leverage your store's built-in shopping tools to
Shopping Tools
create opportunities for customer engagement,
and how to set up targeted promotions with price Opportunities to Engage
rules. Leverage multiple sales channels by Email a Friend
sending your product feeds to shopping sites Wish Lists
and marketplaces. Then, use Google tools to Product Relationships
analyze traffic, optimize your content, and plan
Compare Products
your next campaign.
Recently Viewed / Compared Products
Gift-Related Options
Product Reviews

Promotions
Communications
SEO & Search
Google Tools

318
 CHAPTER 19:

Marketing Menu
The Marketing menu provides access tools for managing promotions, communications, SEO,
and user-generated content.

Marketing Menu

To display the Marketing menu:

On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing.

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Promotions
Create catalog and cart price rules that trigger discounts
based on a variety of conditions. Set up promotions that
spring into action when the required conditions are met.

Communications
Customize all notifications sent from your store. Create
newsletters and publish RSS feeds.

SEO & Search

Analyze search terms to help customers find products in
the store, manage meta data, and create a site map. Use
redirects to manage URL changes and avoid broken
links.

User Content
Leverage user-generated product reviews to create a
sense of community, and increase sales.

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Shopping Tools
Your store includes a set of shopping tools that create opportunities for customers to interact
with your store, and share the experience with friends.

Product Page

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Opportunities to Engage
Email a Friend
The Email a Friend link makes it easy for your
customers to share links to products with their
friends.

Wish List
A wish list is a list of products that a registered
customer can share with friends, or save to transfer to
the cart at a later date.

Compare Products
The Compare Products block lets your customers
quickly compare the features of one product with
another.

Product Reviews
Product reviews help build a sense of community, and
are considered to be more credible than any
advertising money can buy.

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Email a Friend
The Email a Friend link makes it easy for your customers to share links to products with their
friends. In the Magento demo store, the Email a Friend link appears as an envelope icon. The
message template can be customized for your voice and brand. To prevent spamming, you can
limit the number of recipients for each email, and the number of products that can be shared
over a one-hour period.

Email a Friend

To configure Email a Friend:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Email to a Friend.

3. Expand the Email Templates section. Then, do the following:

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Email Templates

a. Set Enabled to Yes.

b. Set Select Email Template to the template you want to use as the basis of the messages.

c. If you want to require that only registered customers can send email to friends, set Allow
for Guests to No.

d. In the Max Recipients field, enter the maximum number of friends who can be on the
distribution list for a single message.

e. In the Max Products Sent in 1 Hour field, enter the maximum number of products that
can be shared by a single user with friends over a one-hour time period.

f. Set Limit Sending By to one of the following methods to identify the sender of emails:

IP Address (Recommended) Identifies the sender by the IP address of

the computer that is used to send the emails.

Cookie (unsafe) Identifies the sender by browser cookie. This method is less
effective because the sender can delete the cookie to bypass
the limit.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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To send email to a friend:

1. On a catalog page, click the Email a Friend link. Then, do one of the following:

l Log in to your customer account.

l Sign up for a new account.

2. Complete the Message and enter the recipient Name and Email Address. To add more
recipients, do the following:

a. Tap Add Invitee.

b. Enter the Name and Email Address of the additional person.

You can send the message to as many additional people as the configuration allows.

3. When ready to send the message, tap Send Email.

Email a Friend Form

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Wish List
A wish list is a list of products that a registered customer can share with friends, or save to
transfer to the cart at a later date. When wish lists are enabled, the Add to Wishlist link
appears on the category and product pages of each product in the store. Depending on the
theme, it might be a text link or a graphic image.

Shared wish lists are sent from a store email address, but the body of the message contains a
personalized note from the customer. You can customize the email template that is used when
wish lists are shared, and choose the store contact that appears as the sender.

Wish lists can be updated from the dashboard of the customer account, Items can be added or
transferred between the wish list and cart by the customer or by the store administrator.

Wishlist in Customer Account

When a product with multiple options is added to a wish list, any options that have been
selected by the customer are included in the wish list item description. For example, if the
customer adds the same pair of shoes, but in three different colors, each pair appears as a
separate wish list item. On the other hand, if the customer adds the same product to the wish
list multiple times, the product appears only once, but with an updated quantity that reflects
the number of times the product was added.

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Configuring the Wish List

The configuration enables wish lists, and determines the email template and sender of email
messages that are used when a wish list is shared.

To configure the wish list:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Customers, choose Wish List.

3. Expand the General Options section. Then, verify that Enabled is set to Yes.

General Options

4. Expand the Share Options section. Then, do the following:

Share Options

a. Set Email Sender to the store contact that appears as the sender of the message.

b. Set Email Template to the template to be used when a customer shares a wish list.

c. To limit the number of emails a customer can send in a batch, enter the Max Emails
Allowed to be Sent. The default value is 10, and the maximum allowed is 10,000.

d. To limit the size of the message, enter the Email Text Length Limit. The default value is
255.

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5. Expand the My Wish List Link section. Then, set Display Wish List Summary to one of the
following:

l Display number of items in wish list

l Display item quantities

My Wish List Link

6. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Sharing a Wish List

Customers can manage their wish lists from the dashboard of their accounts. Store
administrators can also help customers manage their wish lists from the Admin.

Customer Dashboard with Wish List

To share your wish list:

1. In the panel on the left of your customer account dashboard, choose My Wish List.

2. To add a comment to a specific item, hover over the image. Then type your Comment in the
box.

3. To share your wish list, do the following:

a. Tap Share My Wish List.

b. Enter the email address of each recipient, separated by a comma.

c. Enter a Message for the body of the email.

4. When youre ready to send the message, tap Share Wish List.

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Customer Dashboard with Wish List

To transfer an item to your cart:

1. To add a single item, do the following:

a. Hover over the item.

b. Enter the Qty that you want to add to the cart.

c. Tap Add to Cart.

2. To transfer all wish list items to the cart, tap Add All to Cart.

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Product Relationships
Products in your catalog can be promoted on other pages by defining the nature of the
relationship between the products. The options available are: Up-sell products, Related
products, and Cross-sell products.

Related Products
Related products are meant to be purchased in
addition to the item the customer is viewing. They
complement, enhance, or add optional features to the
product.

Up-sells
Up-sell products are items that are similar, but are
perhaps of a higher-quality, more popular, or have a
better profit margin than the item the customer is
considering.

Cross-sells
Cross-sell products are offered on the shopping cart
page as last-minute purchases before the checkout
process begins.

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Compare Products
Compare Products generates a detailed, side-by-side comparison of two or more products. You
can customize the report to include additional attributes or remove ones that you dont want to
include. Depending on the theme, the Add to Compare link might be represented by an icon or
text.

Compare Products

To compare products:
1. From your storefront, find the products that you want to compare, and click the Compare link
for each.

2. Depending on the theme and page layout, there might be a Compare Products block in the
sidebar. If so, you can mark the checkbox of the products to include in the report, and tap
Compare. The Compare Products report opens in a new window.

3. To print the report, tap Print This Page.

4. After navigating to other pages, you can click the link in the header or sidebar to return to the
report.

l To remove a single product from the report, tap Delete ( ).

l To remove all products from the report, click the Clear All link.

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Compare Products

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Recently Viewed / Compared Products

The Recently Viewed and Recently Compared blocks usually appear in the right sidebar of a
catalog page. The number of products listed in each block can be configured for each website,
store, or store view.

To configure Recently Viewed/Compared Products:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Recently Viewed/Compared Products section. Then, do the following:

Recently Viewed/Compared Products

a. Set Show for Current to the website, store, or store view where the configuration applies.

b. In the Default Recently Viewed Products Count field, enter the number of recently viewed
products to appear in the list.

c. In the Default Recently Compared Products Count, enter the number of recently
compared products to appear in the list.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Product Reviews
Product reviews help to build a sense of community, and are considered more credible than any
advertising money can buy. In fact, some search engines give sites with product reviews a
higher ranking than those without. For those who find your site by searching for a specific
product, a product review is essentially the landing page of your store. Product reviews help
people find your store, keep them engaged, and often lead to sales.

The configuration determines whether customers must open an account with your store before
writing product reviews, or if they can submit reviews as guests. Requiring reviewers to open an
account prevents anonymous submissions, and improves the quality of reviews.

Add Your Review

Customers can write reviews for any product in your catalog. Reviews can be written from the
product page by clicking the Add Your Review link. For products that haven't been reviewed,
the link says, Be the first to review this product. The Reviews tab lists all current reviews, and
the form that is used to submit a review.

The number of stars indicates the satisfaction rating. Visitors can click the link to read the
reviews and write their own. As an incentive, customers can receive reward points for
submitting a review. When a review is submitted, it is sent to the Admin for moderation. When
approved, the review is published in your store.

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Reviews Tab

To configure product reviews:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Catalog, select Catalog.

3. Expand the Product Reviews section.

4. Set Allow Guests to Write Reviews according to your preference.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

To moderate reviews:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under User Content, choose Reviews.

2. In the list, click a pending review to view the details, and edit if necessary.

3. To approve a pending review, change the Status from Pending to Approved. To reject a
review, select Not Approved.

4. When complete, tap Save Review.

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Product Ratings
When customers review a product, the default ratings are quality, price, and value. In addition
to these, you can add your own custom ratings. The five-star ratings that appear on catalog
pages are averaged for each product.

Ratings

To create your own ratings:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Attributes, choose Ratings.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap Add New Rating.

Ratings

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3. In the Rating Title section, enter the Default Value for the new rating. If applicable, enter the
translation for each store view.

Rating Title

4. In the Rating Visibility section, set Visibility In to the store view where the rating is to be used.
(Hold down the Ctrl key to select multiple options.)

Ratings are not visible unless assigned to a store view.

5. In the Sort Order field, enter a number to determine the order of this rating when listed with
others.

Rating Visibility

6. When complete, tap Save Rating.

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Promotions

339
 Contents
In this section of the guide, you will learn how to Catalog Price Rules
set up product relationships, and use price rules
to trigger discounts based on a variety of Multiple SKUs
conditions. You can use price rules to offer Cart Price Rules
customer incentives, such as to:
Coupon Codes
l Send your best customers a coupon for a
Coupon Report
discount on a specific product
Free Shipping Promotion
l Offer free shipping for purchases over a Buy X Get YFree
certain amount
Discount with Minimum Purchase
l Schedule a promotion for a period of time

340
 CHAPTER 21:

Catalog Price Rules

Catalog price rules can be used to selectively offer products at a discounted price, based on a
set of conditions. Catalog price rules do not use coupon codes, because they are triggered before
a product is placed into the shopping cart.

Catalog Rules

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Creating a Price Rule

Process Overview:
Step 1: Add a New Rule
Step 2: Define the Conditions
Step 3: Define the Actions
Step 4: Test the Rule

Step 1: Add a New Rule

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under Promotions, choose Catalog Price Rule.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap Add New Rule.

The form opens to the Rule Information section, with expandable sections below for Conditions
and Actions.

Rule Information

3. In the Rule Information section, do the following:

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a. Complete the Rule Name and Description fields. These fields are for your internal
reference only.

b. Select the Websites where the rule is to be available.

c. Set the Status of the price rule as needed. By default, the status is "Active."

d. Select the Customer Groups to which this rule applies.

To choose multiple groups, hold down the Ctrl key, and click each option.

e. Enter the From and To dates to determine when the price rule is in effect. You can either
enter the dates, or choose the dates from the Calendar ( ).

l If you leave the dates blank, the rule is enabled as soon as the price rule is saved.

f. Enter a number to establish the Priority of this rule in relation to other rules.

Step 2: Define the Conditions

Most of the available conditions are based upon existing attribute values. To apply the rule to
all products, leave the conditions blank.

1. Scroll down to Conditions, and expand the section. The first rule begins:

Condition - Line 1
The statement has two bold links, which when tapped, display the options for that part of the
statement. If you save the condition without making additional selections, the rule applies to
all products.

l Tap the ALLlink, and chose either ALL or ANY.

l Tap the TRUE link, and choose either TRUE or FALSE.
l To apply the rule to all products, leave the condition unchanged.

You can create different conditions by changing the combination of these values. For this
example, the following condition is used:

If ALL of these conditions are TRUE:

2. Tap the Add ( ) button at the beginning of the next line.

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a. In the list under Product Attribute, choose the attribute that you want to use as the basis
of the condition. For this example, the condition is "Attribute Set.

Condition Line 2, Part 1

For an attribute to appear in the list, it must be configured to be used in promo rule conditions.
To learn more, see: Product Attributes.

The selected condition appears in the statement, followed by two more bold links. The
statement now says:

If ALL of these conditions are TRUE:

Attribute Set is

b. Tap the is link, and choose the comparison operator that describes the condition to be
met. In this example, the options are is and is not.

c. Tap the (...) more link, and choose the attribute set upon which the condition is based.

Condition Line 2, Part 3

The selected item appears in the statement to complete the condition.

If ALL of these conditions are TRUE:

Attribute Set is Default

3. To add another line to the statement, tap the Add ( ) button, and choose one of the
following:

l Conditions Combination
l Product Attribute

Then, repeat the process until the condition is complete.

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If at any time you want to delete part of the statement, tap the Delete ( ) button at the end
of the line.

Step 3: Define the Actions

1. Expand the Actions section, and do the following:

Actions

2. Under Pricing Structure Rules, set Apply to one of the following:

Apply as Discounts item by subtracting a percentage from the original price. For
percentage of example:
original Enter 10 in Discount Amount for an updated price that is 10% less
than the original price.

Apply as fixed Discounts item by subtracting a fixed amount from original price. For
amount example:
Enter 10 in Discount Amount for an updated price that is $10 less than
the original price.

Adjust final price Discounts item by defining the final price based on percentage. For
to this percentage example:
Enter 10 in Discount Amount for an updated price that is 10% of the
original price.

Adjust final price Sets the price to a fixed amount.

to discount value

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3. Enter the Discount Amount.

4. To stop processing other rules after this rule is applied, set Discard Subsequent Rules to
Yes. This safeguard prevents customers from receiving multiple discounts for the same
product.

5. Tap Save and Continue Edit.

Pricing Structure Rules

Step 4: Test the Rule

When you create a new price rule, it might take an hour or so to become available. Make sure
to allow enough time for it to get into the system. Then, test the rule to make sure that it
works correctly. Unless otherwise specified, price rules are automatically processed with other
system rules each night.As new rules are added, Magento recalculates the prices and the
priorities accordingly.
Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION

RULE INFORMATION

Rule Name (Required) The name of the rule is for internal reference.

Description A description of the rule should include the purpose of the rule, and
explain how it is used.

Websites (Required) Identifies the websites where the rule can be used.

Customer Groups (Required) Identifies the customer groups to which the rule applies.

From Specifies the first day the price rule is in effect. If left blank, the price
rule goes into effect as soon as it is saved.

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Field Descriptions (cont.)

FIELD DESCRIPTION
To Specifies the last day the price rule is in effect. If left blank, the price
rule continues indefinitely.

Priority A number that indicates the priority of this rule in relation to others.
The highest priority is number 1.

ACTIONS

Apply Determines the type of calculation that is applied to the purchase.

Options:

Apply as Applies the discount amount as a percentage

percentage of of the original price.
original

Apply as fixed Applies the discount amount as a fixed

amount amount less than the original price.

Adjust final price to Adjusts the final price by a percentage based

this percentage on the discount amount.

Adjust final price to Uses the discount amount as the product

discount value price.

Discount Amount (Required) The amount of discount that is offered.

Discard Subsequent Rules Determines if additional rules can be applied to this purchase. To
prevent multiple discounts from being applied to the same purchase,
select Yes. Options: Yes / No

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Price Rule with Multiple SKUs

A single price rule can be applied to multiple SKUs, which makes it possible to create a variety
of promotions based on a product, brand, or category.

Step 1: Verify Storefront Properties of Attribute

Before you begin, make sure that the Storefront Properties of the SKU attribute are set to "Use
in Promo Rules."

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Attributes, choose Product.

2. In the search filter at the top of the Attribute Column, enter "sku." Then, tap Search.

3. Click to open the attribute in edit mode.

4. In the panel on the left, choose Storefront Properties. Then, make sure that Use for Promo
Rule Conditions is set to "Yes,"

5. If you changed the value of the property, tap Save Attribute.

Step 2: Apply a Price Rule to Multiple SKUs

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under Promotions, choose Cart Price Rules.

2. Do one of the following:

l Follow the instructions to create a cart price rule.

l Open an existing cart price rule.

3. Expand the Conditions section, and do the following:

a. In the first line, set the first parameter to ANY.

If ANY of these conditions are TRUE

b. Tap Add ( ) at the beginning of the next line. Then, in the list under Product Attribute,
choose SKU.

SKU is

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c. To complete the condition, click the () more link. Then, tap the Chooser button for the
list of available products.

Choose Each SKU

d. In the list, mark the checkbox of each product that is to be included. Then, tap Save and
Apply to add the SKUs to the condition.

Multiple SKUs Added to Condition

4. Complete the rule, including any Actions to be taken when the conditions are met.

5. When complete, tap Save.

When you create a new price rule, it might take an hour or so to become available. Make sure
to allow enough time for it to get into the system. Then, test the rule to make sure that it
works correctly. Unless otherwise specified, price rules are automatically processed with other
system rules each night.

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 CHAPTER 22:

Cart Price Rules

Cart price rules apply discounts to items in the shopping cart, based on a set of conditions. The
discount can be applied automatically as soon as the conditions are met, or when the customer
enters a valid coupon code. When applied, the discount appears in the cart under the subtotal.
A cart price rule can be used as needed for a season or promotion by changing its status and
date range.

Apply Coupon in Cart

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Creating a Cart Price Rule

Complete the following steps to add a new rule, describe the conditions, and define the actions.
Then, complete the labels, and test the rule.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Add a New Rule
Step 2: Describe the Conditions
Step 3: Define the Actions
Step 4: Complete the Labels
Step 6: Save and Test the Rule

Step 1: Add a New Rule

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under Promotions, choose Cart Price Rules.

Cart Price Rules

2. Under Rule Information, complete the Rule Name and Description.

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General Information

3. If you do not want the rule to go into effect immediately, set Active to No.

4. To establish the scope of the rule, do the following:

a. Select the Websites where the promotion is to be available.

b. Select the Customer Groups to which the promotion applies.

l For the promotion to be available only to registered customers, do not select the
NOTLOGGEDIN option.

5. To associate a coupon with the price rule, set Coupon to Specific Coupon. Then, do the
following:

a. Enter a numeric Coupon Code that the customer must enter to receive the discount.

b. To set a limit on the number of times the coupon can be used, complete the following:

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Uses per Coupon Determines how many times the coupon code can be used.
If there is no limit, leave the field blank.

Uses per Customer Determines how many times the coupon code can be used
by the same registered customer who belongs to any of the
selected customer groups. The setting does not apply to
guest shoppers who are members of the NOT LOGGED IN
customer group, or to customers who shop without logging
in to their accounts. If there is no limit, leave the field
blank.

Coupon Settings

6. Use the Calendar ( ) to set the From and To date range for the promotion.

7. Enter a number to determine the Priority of this price rule in relation to the Action settings of
other price rules that might be active at the same time. (Number 1 has the highest priority.)

8. To apply the rule to published listings in RSS feeds, set Public In RSS Feed to Yes.

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Step 2: Describe the Conditions

In this step, the conditions are described that must be met for an order to qualify for the
promotion. The rule goes into action whenever the set of conditions is met.

Conditions

1. In the panel on the left, select Conditions. The first rule appears by default, and states:

If ALL of these conditions are TRUE:

The statement has two bold links which when tapped, display the selection of options for that
part of the statement. You can create different conditions by changing the combination of these
values. Do any of the following:

l Click the ALL link, and select ALL or ANY.

l Click the TRUE link and select TRUE or FALSE.
l Leave the condition unchanged to apply the rule to all products.

2. Click Add ( ) at the beginning of the next line. For this example, complete the next part of
the condition as follows:

a. When prompted to Choose the condition to add, choose "Products Subselection."

Products Subselection
b. When the next part of the condition appears, mouse over the line so you can see where
each link with variable values is located.

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If ALLof thes conditions are TRUE

c. Click the "more" (...) link, and enter ">100." This condition requires the total quantity of
the cart to be greater than 100.

Total Quantity Value

3. Click Add ( ) at the beginning of the next line. Then add a condition that is based on
Category.

Category

a. In the next part of the condition, click the "more"(...) link to display the input field.
Then, open the Chooser ( ) to display the category tree.

b. Mark the checkbox of the category that you want to use as a condition for the price rule.

The condition can be based on any category that is a child of the stores root category.

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Choosing a Category for a Condition

4. To add more conditions, click Add ( ) and define another condition.

You can repeat the process as many times as needed to describe the conditions that must be
met for the price rule . Here are some examples:

Example 1:Regional Price Rule

To create a regional price rule, use one of the following cart attributes:

l Shipping Postcode
l Shipping Region
l Shipping State/Province
l Shipping Country

Example 2: Shopping Cart Totals

To base the condition on shopping cart totals, use one of the following cart attributes:

l Subtotal
l Total Items Quantity
l Total Weight

Step 3: Define the Actions

The shopping cart price rule actions describe how prices are updated when the conditions are
met.

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1. Scroll down to Actions, and expand the section. Then, do the following:

Cart Price Rule Actions

a. Set Apply to one of the following discount options:

Percent of product price Discounts item by subtracting a percentage from the

discount original price. The discount applies to each qualifying item
in the cart. For example: Enter 10 in Discount Amount for
an updated price that is 10% less than the original price.

Fixed amount discount Discounts item by subtracting a fixed amount from original
price. The discount applies to each qualifying item in the
cart. For example: Enter 10 in Discount Amount for an
updated price that is $10 less than the original price.

Fixed amount discount Discounts the entire cart by subtracting a percentage from
for whole cart the cart total. For example: Enter 10 in Discount Amount to
subtract 10% from the cart total.

Buy X get Y free Defines a quantity that the customer must purchase to
receive a quantity for free. (The Discount Amount is Y.)

b. Enter the Discount Amount as a number, without symbols. For example, depending on
the discount option selected, the number 10 might indicate a percentage, a fixed amount,
or a quantity of items.

c. For a "Buy X get Y Free" discount, enter the quantity in the Discount Qty Step (Buy X)
field that the customer must purchase to receive the discount.

d. In the Maximum Qty Discount is Applied To field, enter the maximum quantity of the
same product that can qualify for the discount in the same purchase.

e. Set Apply to Shipping Amount as follows:

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Yes Applies the discount amount to the subtotal and shopping

amounts separately.

No Applies the discount amount only to the subtotal.

f. To stop processing other rules after this rule is applied, set Discard Subsequent Rules
to Yes. This safeguard prevents customers from receiving multiple discounts for the
same product.

g. To extend free shipping for orders that meet the conditions, set Free Shipping to one of
the following:

No Free shipping is not available.

For matching items only Free shipping is available only for items that match the
conditions of the rule.

For shipment with Free shipping is available for any shipment that includes
matching items matching item(s).

2. Define as many additional conditions as needed for the action.

3. When complete, tap Save and Contnue Edit.

Step 4: Complete the Labels

The label appears on the order below the subtotal to identify the discount. You can enter a
default label for all store views, or enter a different label for each view.

1. Scroll down to Labels, and expand the section.

2. Enter the text that you want used as the Default Rule Label for All Store Views.

Default Label

3. If your store has multiple views, or multiple websites with multiple views, enter the
appropriate label text for each. For example, if each store view is in a different language, enter
the translation of the label for each view.

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Step 5: Save and Test the Rule

1. When complete, tap Save Rule.

2. Test the rule to make sure that it works correctly.

When you create a new price rule, it might take an hour or so to become available. Make sure
to allow enough time for it to get into the system. Then, test the rule to make sure that it
works correctly. Unless otherwise specified, price rules are automatically processed with other
system rules each night.As new rules are added, Magento recalculates the prices and the
priorities accordingly.

Cart Price Rule Saved

Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION

RULE INFORMATION

Rule Name (Required) The name of the rule is for internal reference.

Description A description of the rule should include the purpose of the rule, and
explain how it is used.

Status (Required) Determines if the rule is currently active in the store.

Options: Active / Inactive

Websites (Required) Identifies the websites where the rule can be used.

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Field Descriptions (cont.)

FIELD DESCRIPTION
Customer Groups (Required) Identifies the customer groups to which the rule applies.

Coupon (Required) Indicates if a coupon is associated with the rule. Options:

No Coupon No coupon is associated with the rule.

Specific Coupon A specific coupon is associated with the rule.

Coupon Code When prompted, enter

the Coupon Code that
the customer must enter
to take advantage of the
promotion.

Use Auto Select the checkbox to

Generation automatically generate
multiple coupon codes
that can be used with the
promotion.

Auto Displays the Coupons Information section to

define the format of the coupon codes to be
generated.

Uses per Coupon The number of times the coupon code can be used.

Uses per Customer Determines how many times the coupon code can be used by the
same registered customer who belongs to any selected customer
group. Does not apply to guest shoppers who are members of the
NOT LOGGED IN customer group, or to customers who shop
without logging in to their accounts. For no limit, leave blank.

From The first date the coupon can be used.

To The last date the coupon can be used.

Priority A number that indicates the priority of this rule in relation to others.
The highest priority is number 1.

Public in RSSFeed Determines if the promotion is included in your stores public RSS
feed. Options: Yes / No.

ACTIONS

Apply Determines the type of calculation that is applied to the purchase.

Options:

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Field Descriptions (cont.)

FIELD DESCRIPTION

Percent of product Discounts item by subtracting a percentage

price discount from the original price.
For example: Enter 10 in Discount Amount
for an updated price that is 10% less than the
original price.

Fixed amount Discounts item by subtracting a fixed

discount amount from original price.
For example: Enter 10 in Discount Amount
for an updated price that is $10 less than the
original price.

Fixed amount Discounts the entire cart by subtracting a

discount for whole fixed amount from the cart total.
cart For example: Enter 10 in Discount Amount to
subtract $10 from the cart total.

Buy X Get YFree Defines a quantity that the customer must

(discount amount is purchase to receive a quantity for free. (The
Y) Discount Amount is Y.)

Discount Amount (Required) The amount of discount that is offered.

Maximum Qty Discount is Sets the maximum number of products that the discount can be
Applied To applied to in the same purchase.

Discount Qty Step (Buy X) Sets the number of products represented by X in a Buy X Get Y
Free promotion.

Apply to Shipping Amount Determines if the discount can be applied to the cost of shipping.
Options: Yes / No.

Discard Subsequent Determines if additional rules can be applied to this purchase. To

Rules prevent multiple discounts from being applied to the same purchase,
select Yes. Options: Yes / No

Free Shipping Determines if free shipping is included in the promotion, and if so, for
which items. Options:

No Free shipping is not available when a coupon

that is based on the rule is used.

For matching items Free shipping is available only for specific

only items in the cart that match the rule.

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Field Descriptions (cont.)

FIELD DESCRIPTION

For shipment with Free shipping is available for the entire cart
matching items when a coupon that is based on the rule is
used.

LABELS

Default Rule Label for All A default label that identifies the discount and can be used for all
Store Views store views.

Store View Specific Labels If applicable, a different label that identifies the discount for each
store view.

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Coupon Codes
Coupons codes are used with cart price rules to apply a discount when a set of conditions is
met. For example, a coupon code can be created for a specific customer group, or for anyone
who makes a purchase over a certain amount. To apply the coupon to a purchase, the customer
can enter the coupon code in the cart, or possibly at the cash register of your brick and mortar
store. Here are a few ways that you can use coupons in your store:

l Email coupons to customers

l Produce printed coupons
l Create in-store coupons for mobile users

Coupon codes can be sent by email, or included in newsletters, catalogs, and advertisements.
The list of coupon codes can be exported and sent to a commercial printer. You can also create
in-store coupons with a quick response code that shoppers can scan with their smart phones.
The QR code can link to a page on your site with more information about the promotion.

Method 1: Create a Specific Coupon

1. Follow the instructions to create a cart price rule.

2. On the General Information page, set Coupon to Specific Coupon.

a. Enter a Coupon Code to be used with the promotion.

The format of the code as numeric, alphanumeric or alphabetical is determined by the

configuration.

b. To limit the number of times the coupon can be used, complete the following:

l Uses per Coupon

l Uses per Customer

For unlimited use, leave these fields blank.

Coupon Information
c. To make the coupon valid for a limited period of time, complete the From and To dates.
To select the date, tap the Calendar ( ) button next to each field. If you leave the date
range empty, the rule will never expire.

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3. Complete the cart price rule as needed.

Method 2: Generate a Batch of Coupons

1. Follow the instructions to create a cart price rule.

2. Under Coupon Code, mark the Use Auto Generation checkbox.

3. To limit the number of times each customer can use the coupon, enter the number of Uses per
Customer.

Generate Auto-numbered Coupons

4. Scroll down and expand the Manage Coupon Codes section. Then, do the following:

a. In the Coupons Qty field, enter the number of coupons that you want to generate.

b. Enter the Code Length, not including the prefix, suffix, or separators.

c. Set the Code Format to one of the following:

l Alphanumeric
l Alphabetical
l Numeric

d. (Optional)Enter a Code Prefix to be added to the beginning of the code.

e. (Optional) Enter a Code Suffix to be added to the end of the code.

f. (Optional) In the Dash Every X Characters field, enter the number of characters.between
each dash. For example, if the code is twelve characters long, and there is a dash every
four characters, it will look like this: xxxx-xxxx-xxxx. Dashes make codes easier to read
and enter.

5. When complete, tap Generate. The list of generated codes appears below.

Generated Codes

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Configuring Coupon Codes

The length and format of automatically generated coupon codes is controlled by the
configuration. The characters can be set to all numbers, all letters, or a combination. You can
insert a dash at set intervals to make it easy to read, and add a .prefix and suffix to associate
the code iith a specific campaign or initiative.

Auto Generated Specific Coupon Codes

To format coupon codes:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Customers, choose Promotions.

3. In the Auto Generated Specific Coupon Codes section, do the following:

a. Enter the Code Length, including prefix, sufix, and separators.

b. Set the Code Format to one of the following:

l Alphanumeric
l Alphabetical
l Numeric

c. To add a Code Prefix, enter the value that you want to appear at the beginning of all
coupon codes.

d. To add a Code Suffix, enter the value that you want to appear at the end of all coupon
codes.

e. To insert a Dash Every X Characters, enter the number of characters between each dash.
Coupon codes with different dash patterns are considered to be different codes, even if the
numbers are the same.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Coupons Report
The Coupons Report can be filtered for a specific store view, time period, order status, and price
rule.

Coupon Report Filters

To run the report:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Reports. Then under Sales choose Coupons.

2. If you have multiple store views, set Store View in the upper-left corner to establish the scope
of the report.

3. To refresh the sales statistics for the day, click the message at the top of the workspace.

4. To filter the data, do the following:

a. Set Date Used to one of the following:

l Order Created
l Order Updated

The Order Updated report is created in real-time, and does not require a refresh.

b. To define the period of time covered by the report, set Period to one of the following:

l Day
l Month
l Year

c. Enter the From and To dates in M/D/YY format to define the date range of the report.

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d. To print a report for a specific order status, set Order Status to Specified, Then, choose
the order status from the list.

e. Set omit rows without data from the report, set Empty Rows to No.

f. Do one of the following:

l To include all coupon activity from all price rules, set Cart Price Rule to Any.
l To include only activity that is related to a specific price rule, set Cart Price Rule to
Specified, Then, select the specific cart price rule in the list.

5. When ready to run the report, tap Show Report. The report appears at the bottom of the page.

Free Shipping Promotion

Free shipping can be offered as a promotion, either with, or without a coupon. A free shipping
coupon, or voucher, can also be applied to customer pick-uporders, so the order can be
invoiced and shipped to complete the workflow.

Some shipping carrier configurations give you the ability of offer free shipping based on a
minimum order. To expand upon this basic capability, you can use shopping cart price rules to
create complex conditions based on multiple product attributes, cart contents, and customer
groups.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Enable Free Shipping
Step 2: Create a Cart Price Rule
Step 3: Complete the Labels
Step 4: Save and Test the Rule

Step 1: Enable Free Shipping

1. Enable Free Shipping in your stores configuration.

2. Complete the free shipping settings for any carrier service that you want to use for free
shipping.

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Step 2: Create a Cart Price Rule

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under Promotions, choose Cart Price Rules.

2. Follow the steps below to set up the type of free shipping promotion that you want to offer.

Example 1: Free Shipping for Any Order

1. Complete the Rule Information as follows:

a. Enter a Rule Name for internal reference.

b. Enter a brief Description to describe the rule.

c. Set Active to Yes.

d. In the Websites box, select each site where the free shipping coupon is to be
available.

e. Select the Customer Groups to which the rule applies.

f. Set Coupon to one of the following:

l To offer a free shipping promotion without a coupon, accept the default, No Coupon
setting.
l To use a coupon with the price rule, select Specific Coupon. If necessary, complete the
instructions to set up a coupon.

2. Scroll down and expand the Actions section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Apply to Percent of product price discount.

b. Set Apply to Shipping Amount to Yes.

c. Set Free Shipping to For shipment with matching items.

Price Rule Action

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Example 2: Free Shipping for Orders Over $Amount

1. Complete the General Information settings as described in the previous example.

2. Scroll down and expand the Conditions section.

3. Tap Add ( ) to insert a condition. Then, do the following:

a. In the list under Cart Attribute, choose Subtotal.

b. Click the is link, and choose equals or greater than.

c. Click the () more link, and enter a threshold value for the Subtotal, such as 100,
to complete the condition.

Condition

4. If necessary, expand the Actions. section. Then do the following:

a. Set Apply to Percent of product price discount.

b. Set Apply to Shipping Amount to Yes.

c. Set Free Shipping to For shipment with matching items.

Actions

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Step 3: Complete the Labels

Complete Step 4 of the cart price rule instructions to enter any labels that appear during
checkout.

Step 4: Save and Test the Rule

1. When complete, tap Save Rule.

2. Test the rule to make sure that it works correctly.

When you create a new price rule, it might take an hour or so to become available. Make sure
to allow enough time for it to get into the system. Then, test the rule to make sure that it
works correctly. Unless otherwise specified, price rules are automatically processed with other
system rules each night.

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Buy X Get Y Free

This example shows how to set up a cart price rule for a Buy X, Get Y Free promotion. The
format of the discount is as follows:

Buy X quantity of product, get Y quantity for free.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Create a Cart Price Rule
Step 2: Define the Conditions
Step 3: Define the Actions
Step 4: Complete the Label
Step 5: Save and Test the Rule

Step 1: Create a Cart Price Rule

Complete Step 1 of the cart price rule instructions to complete the rule information.

Step 2: Define the Conditions

Complete Step 2 of the cart instructions to define the conditions for the price rule. The
conditions can be triggered by purchasing a specific product, making a purchase of a certain
amount, or any other scenario.

Step 3: Define the Actions

1. Expand the Actions section, and do the following:

a. Set Apply to Buy X get Y free (discount amount is Y).

b. Set Discount Amount to 1. This is the quantity the customer will receive for free.

c. To limit the number of discounts that can be applied when the condition is met, enter the
number in the Maximum Qty Discount is Applied To field. For example, enter 1 to
discount only one item.

d. In the Discount Qty Step (Buy X) field, enter the quantity that the customer must
purchase to qualify for the discount. In this example, the customer must purchase two.

e. To prevent other discounts from being applied to the purchase, set Discard subsequent
rules to "Yes."

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Buy X Get Y Free

2. Tap Save and Continue Edit. Then, complete the rest of the rule as needed.

Step 4: Complete the Label

Complete Step 4 of the cart price rule instructions to enter the label that appears during
checkout.

Step 5: Save and Test the Rule

1. When complete, tap Save Rule.

2. Test the rule to make sure that it works correctly.

When you create a new price rule, it might take an hour or so to become available. Make sure
to allow enough time for it to get into the system. Then, test the rule to make sure that it
works correctly. Unless otherwise specified, price rules are automatically processed with other
system rules each night.

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Discount with Minimum Purchase

Cart price rules can be used to offer a percentage discount based on a minimum purchase. In
the following example, a 25% discount is applied to all purchases over $200.00 in a specific
category. The format of the discount is as follows:

X% off all Y (category) over $Z dollars

Process Overview:
Step 1: Create a Shopping Cart Rule
Step 2: Define the Conditions
Step 3: Define the Actions
Step 4: Apply the Labels
Step 5: Save and Test the Rule

Step 1: Create a Shopping Cart Rule

Follow the basic instructions to create a cart rule.

Step 2: Define the Conditions

1. Scroll down and expand the Conditions section.

2. Tap Add ( ), and choose Product Attribute Combination.

Product Attribute Combination

3. Tap Add ( ) at the beginning of the next line. Then in the list under Product Attribute,
choose Category.

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Category
a. Click the () more link to display additional options.

Category IS

b. Tap the Chooser ( ) button to see the available categories. In the category tree, mark the
checkbox of each category that you want to include. Then, press Enter to add the
categories to the condition.

Category IS

4. Tap Add ( ) at the beginning of the next line, and do the following:

a. In the list under Cart Item Attribute, choose Price in cart.

Category IS

a. Click the is link, and choose equals or greater than.

b. Click the (...) more link and enter the amount that the Price in Cart must be to meet the
condition. For example, enter 200.

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Enter the Price to Complete the Condition

5. Tap Save and Continue Edit .

Step 3: Define the Actions

1. Expand the Actions section, and do the following:

Actions

a. Set Apply to Percent of product price discount.

b. Enter the Discount Amount. For example, enter 25 for a twenty-five percent discount.

c. To prevent additional promotions from being applied to the purchase, set Discard
subsequent rules to Yes.

2. Tap Save and Continue Edit . Then, complete the rule as needed.

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Step 4: Complete the Labels

Complete Step 4 of the cart price rule instructions to enter any labels that appear during
checkout.

Step 5: Save and Test the Rule

1. When complete, tap Save Rule.

2. Test the rule to make sure that it works correctly.

When you create a new price rule, it might take an hour or so to become available. Make sure
to allow enough time for it to get into the system. Then, test the rule to make sure that it
works correctly. Unless otherwise specified, price rules are automatically processed with other
system rules each night.

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Communications

379
 Contents
In this section of the guide, you will learn how to Email
customize email and newsletter templates, as
well as PDF invoices and packing slips. You will Supported Email Clients
also learn how to personalize the content with Preparing Your Email Logo
variables and markup tags. Configuring Email Templates
Sales Email
Payment Failed Email
Admin Email
Customizing Email Templates
Header Template
Footer Template
Message Templates
Email Template List
Configuring Email Communications

Sales Documents
Configuring Sales Emails
PDF Logo Requirements
Adding Reference IDs to Header

Newsletters
Configuring Newsletters
Newsletter Templates
Sending Newsletters
Managing Subscribers

RSS Feeds

Using Variables
Adding Predefined Variables
Creating Custom Variables
Markup Tags
Variable Reference

380
 CHAPTER 23:

Email
Email templates define the layout, content, and formatting of automated messages sent from
your store. They are called transactional emails1 because each one is associated with a
specific type of transaction, or event.

Magento includes a set of responsive email templates that are triggered by a variety of events
that take place during the operation of your store. Each template is optimized for any screen
size, and can be viewed from the desktop, as well as on tablets and mobile devices. You will
find a variety of prepared email templates related to customer activities, sales, product alerts,
admin actions, and system messages that you can customize to reflect your brand.

1An automated email message that is sent in response to a specific event or transaction.

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Supported Email Clients

A wide range of technologies is supported by the various email clients and services available
today. Although there is some variation in the way email messages are rendered, we have found
the following services to be compatible with Magento Community Edition 2.1.

Desktop Clients
OPERATING SYSTEM CLIENTS SUPPORTED
OS X 10.8 Apple Mail 6

OS X 10.7 Outlook 2011

Outlook 2013

Windows 8 Outlook 2010

Windows 7 Outlook 2007

Outlook 2003

Mobile Clients
OPERATING SYSTEM CLIENTS SUPPORTED
Android 4.2, Jelly Bean Native email app

Android 2.3, Gingerbread Native email app

Gmail App (Android 4.2) Native email app

Blackberry 5 OS Native email app

IOS 8 iPhone 6
iPhone 6 Plus

IOS 7 iPad (Retina)

iPad Mini
iPhone 5s

Mail on these devices:

IOS 6 iPhone 5
iPhone 4s

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Web Clients
EMAIL APPLICATION BROWSERS SUPPORTED*
AOL Mail Chrome
Internet Explorer
Firefox

Gmail Chrome
Internet Explorer
Firefox

Yahoo! Mail Chrome

Internet Explorer
Firefox

Outlook.com Chrome
Internet Explorer

* The latest version of each browser was used for testing.

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Preparing Your Email Logo

Logos can be saved as any of the following file types. Logos with transparent backgrounds can
be saved as either .GIF or .PNG files.

l JPG/JPEG
l GIF
l PNG

To ensure that your logo renders well on high-resolution devices, the uploaded image should be
three times the size of the dimensions that are specified in the header template. Typically,
original logo artwork is created as a vector image, so it can be scaled up without losing
resolution. The image can then be saved in one of the supported bitmap image formats.

Logo Three Times Display Size

To take advantage of the limited vertical space in the header, make sure to crop the image to
eliminate any wasted space at the top or bottom. When editing the image, be careful to
preserve the aspect ratio1 of the logo, so the height and width resize proportionally.

As a general rule, you can make an image smaller than the original, but not larger without
losing resolution. Taking a small image and scaling it up in a photo editor lowers the
resolution of the image. For example, if the display dimensions of the logo are 168 pixels wide
by 48 pixels high in the header template, the uploaded image should be 504 pixels wide by 144
pixels high.

LOGO DIMENSIONS 1 X (DISPLAY SIZE) 3 X (IMAGE SIZE)

Width: 168 px 504 px

Height: 48 px 144 px

1The proportional relationship between the width and height of an image.

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Configuring Email Templates

The configuration determines the logo, as well as the header and footer templates that are used
for all transactional email messages that are sent from your store.

Transactional Emails

Process Overview:
Step 1: Upload Your Logo
Step 2: Select the Header and Footer Templates

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Step 1: Upload Your Logo

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Configuration.

2. Find the store view that you want to configure. Then in the Action column, click Edit.

3. Under Other Settings, expand the Transactional Emails section. Then, do the following:

a. To upload your prepared Logo Image, tap Upload. Find the file on your computer, and
select the file.

b. In the Logo Image Alt field, enter alternate text to identify the image.

c. Enter the Logo Width and Logo Height in pixels. Enter each value as a number, without
the px abbreviation. These values refer to the display dimensions of the logo in the
header, and not to the actual size of the image.

Step 2: Choose the Header and Footer Templates

If you have custom header and footer templates for your store, or for different stores, you can
specify which templates are used for each, according to the scope of the configuration.

1. Choose the Header Template to be used for all transactional email messages.

2. Choose the Footer Template to be used for all transactional email messages.

3. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Configuring Sales Email

A number of email messages are triggered by the events related to an order, and the
configuration is similar. You must identify the store contact that appears as the sender of the
message, the email template to be used, and anyone else who is to receive a copy of the
message. Sales emails can be sent when triggered by an event, or by predetermined interval.

Sales Emails

Step 1: Update the Email Templates

Make sure that you have updated each email template to reflect your brand. For a complete
list of templates, see: Email Template List.

Step 2: Choose the Type of Transmission

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Sales Emails.

3. Expand the General Settings section. Then, set Asynchronous Sending to one of the
following:

Disable Sends sales email when triggered by an event.

Enable Sends sales email at predetermined, regular intervals.

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General Settings

Step 3: Complete the Details for Each Sales Email Message

4. Expand the Order section. Then, do the following:

Order

a. Verify that Enabled is set to Yes.

b. Set New Order Confirmation Email to the store contact that appears as the sender of the
message.

c. Set New Order Confirmation Template to the template that is used for the email that is
sent to registered customers.

d. Set New Order Confirmation Template for Guest to the template that is used for the
email that is sent to guests who do not have an account with your store.

e. In the Send Order Email Copy To field, enter the email address of anyone who is to
receive a copy of the new order email. If sending a copy to multiple recipients, separate
each address with a comma.

f. Set Send Order Email Copy Method to one of the following:

Bcc Sends a blind courtesy copy by including the recipient in the

header of the same email that is sent to the customer. The BCC
recipient is not visible to the customer.

Separate Email Sends the copy as a separate email.

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5. Expand the Order Comments section, and repeat these steps.

Order Comments

6. Complete the configuration for the remaining sales emails:

l Invoice
l Shipment
l Credit Memo

7. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Payment Failed Email

A notification is sent to the customer if the payment method that is chosen during checkout
fails to complete the transaction.

Payment Failed Emails

Step 1: Update the Email Templates

Make sure that you have updated each email template to reflect your brand. For a complete
list of templates, see: Email Template List.

Step 2: Configure the Payment Failed Emails

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Checkout.

3. Expand the Payment Failed Emails section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Payment Failed Email Sender to the store contact that appears as the sender of the
message.

b. Set Payment Failed Email Receiver to the store contact that is to receive notification of
failed email transmissions.

c. Set Payment Failed Template to the template that is used for the email that is sent when
the payment method fails during checkout.

d. In the Send Payment Failed Email Copy To field, enter the email address of anyone who
is to receive a copy of the payment failed notification. If sending a copy to multiple
recipients, separate each address with a comma.

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e. Send Payment Failed Copy Method to one of the following:

Bcc Sends a blind courtesy copy by including the recipient in the

header of the same email that is sent to the customer. The BCC
recipient is not visible to the customer.

Separate Email Sends the copy as a separate email.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

Configuring Admin User Email

The Admin email template configuration determines the email templates that are sent when
users forget and reset their passwords, the store contact that appears as the sender of the
message, and how long the password recovery link remains valid.

Admin User Emails

To configure the Admin email templates:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose Admin.

3. Expand the Admin User Emails section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Forgot Password Email Template to the template that is sent when Admin users
forget their passwords.

b. Set Forgot and Reset Email Sender to the store contact that appears as the sender of the
message.

c. Set User Notification Template to the email template that is used as the default for admin
notifications.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Customizing Email Templates

Magento includes a default email template for the body section of each message that is sent by
the system. The template for the body content is combined with the header and footer
templates to create the complete message. The content is formatted with HTML and CSS, and
can be easily edited, and customized by adding variables and frontend apps. Email templates
can be customized for each website, store, or store view. Make sure to update the system
configuration after creating a customized template, so the custom template is used instead of
the default.

The default templates include your logo and store information, and can be used without further
customization. However as a best practice, you should view each template, and make any
necessary changes before they are sent to customers.

Preview of Welcome Template

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Header Template
The email header template includes your logo that is linked to your store. In addition, you can
easily insert variables to add store contact information to the header.

Email Templates

Process Overview:
Step 1: Load the Template
Step 2: Customize and Preview the Template
Step 3: Update the Configuration

Step 1: Load the Default Template

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under Communications, choose Email Templates.

2. Tap Add New Template. Then, do the following:

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a. Under Load default template, in the Template list under Magento_Email, choose
Header.

Default Header Template

b. Tap Load Template.

The HTML code and variables from the template appear in the form.

Step 2: Customize the Template

1. Under Template Information, do the following:

a. Enter the Template Name for your custom header.

b. Enter a Template Subject to help organize the templates. In the grid, the list of templates
can be sorted and filtered by the Subject column.

Header Template Information

c. In the Template Content box, modify the HTML as needed.

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When working in the template code, be careful not to overwrite anything that is enclosed in
double braces.

d. To insert a variable, position the cursor in the code where you want the variable to appear,
and tap Insert Variable. Then, choose the variable that you want to insert.

When a variable is selected, a markup tag for the variable is inserted in the code.

Insert Variable
Although the Store Contact variables are the ones most often included in the header, you
can enter the code for any system or custom variable directly into the template.

e. If you need to make any CSSdeclarations, enter the styles in the Template Styles box.

2. When you are ready to review your work, tap Preview Template. Then, make adjustments to the
template as needed.

3. When complete, tap Save Template.

Your custom header now appears in the list of available Email templates.

Step 3: Update the Configuration

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Configuration.

2. In the grid, find the store view that you want to configure. Then in the Action column, click
Edit.

3. Scroll down and expand the Transactional Emails section.

4. Choose the Header Template that is used as the default for email notifications.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Transactional Emails

Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION

LOAD DEFAULT TEMPLATE

Template Lists the selection of available templates, and identifies the template
to be customized.

TEMPLATE INFORMATION

Template Name The name of your custom template.

Insert Variable Inserts a Store Contact Information variable into the template at the
cursor location.

Template Subject The Template Subject appears in the Subject column, and can be
used to sort and filter the templates in the list.

Template Content The content of the template in HTML.

Template Styles Any CSS style declarations that are needed to format the template
header can be entered in the Template Styles box.

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Footer Template
The email template footer contains the closing and signature line of the email message. You can
change the closing to fit your style, and add additional information, such as the company
name and address below your name.

Email Templates

Process Overview:
Step 1: Load the Default Template
Step 2: Customize and Preview the Template
Step 3: Update the Configuration

Step 1: Load the Default Template

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under Communications, choose Email Templates.

2. Tap Add New Template. Then, do the following:

a. Under Load default template, in the Template list under Magento_Email, choose Footer.

b. Tap Load Template.

Default Footer Template

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Step 2: Customize and Preview the Template

1. Enter the Template Name for your custom footer.

2. Enter a Template Subject to help organize the templates. In the grid, the templates can be
sorted and filtered by the Subject column.

Footer Template Information

3. In the Template Content box, modify the HTML as needed.

When working in the template code, be careful not to overwrite anything that is enclosed in double
braces.

4. To insert a variable, position the cursor in the code where you want the variable to appear, and
tap Insert Variable. Then, choose the variable that you want to insert.

When a variable is selected, a markup tag for the variable is inserted in the code.

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Insert Variable
Although the Store Contact variables are the ones most often included in the footer, you can
enter the code for any system or custom variable directly into the template.

5. If you need to make any CSSdeclarations, enter the styles in the Template Styles box.

Step 3: Update the Configuration

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Configuration.

2. In the grid, find the store view that you want to configure. Then in the Action column, click
Edit.

3. Scroll down and expand the Transactional Emails section.

4. Choose the Footer Template that is used as the default for email notifications.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

Transactional Emails

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Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION

LOAD DEFAULT TEMPLATE

Template Lists the selection of available templates, and identifies the template
to be customized.

TEMPLATE INFORMATION

Template Name The name of your custom template.

Insert Variable Inserts a Store Contact Information variable into the template at the
cursor location.

Template Subject The Template Subject appears in the Subject column, and can be
used to sort and filter the templates in the list.

Template Content The content of the template in HTML.

Template Styles Any CSS style declarations that are needed to format the template
footer can be entered in the Template Styles box.

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Message Template
The process of customizing the body of each message is the same as the customizing the header
or footer. The only difference is that there is a different message template for each activity or
event that triggers a notification. You can use the templates as they are, or customize them to
match your voice and brand. In addition to the template text, there's a wide selection of
variables that can be incorporated into the template.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Load the Default Template
Step 2: Customize the Template
Step 4: Update the Configuration
Step 5: Preview and Save

Step 1: Load the Default Template

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under Communications, choose Email Templates.

2. Tap Add New Template. Then, do the following:

a. Under Load default template, in the Template list, choose the template that you want to
customize.

b. Tap Load Template.

Default Message Template

Step 2: Customize the Template

1. In the Template Name field, enter a name for your custom template.

2. By default, the Template Subject contains the first line of the message, which is the
salutation. You can leave it as is, or enter something more descriptive.

3. Take note of the Currently Used For path to the template configuration. You will later follow
this path to update the configuration.

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Message Template Information

4. In the Template Content box, modify the HTML as needed. The content consists of a
combination of HTML tags, CSS directives, variables, and text.

When working in the template code, be careful not to accidentally type over the code that is
enclosed in double braces.

Template Message Content

5. To insert a variable, position the cursor in the code where you want the variable to appear, and
tap Insert Variable. Then, choose the variable that you want to insert.

When a variable is selected, a markup tag for the variable is inserted in the code.

Insert Variable
In addition to the Store Contact variables, the list includes the Customer Account URL,
Customer Email, and Customer Name. However, you are not limited to the variables in this
list. You can enter the code for any system or custom variable directly into the template.

6. If you need to make any CSSdeclarations, enter the styles in the Template Styles box.

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Step 3: Update the Configuration

1. In the breadcrumb trail at the top of the Template Information section, find the following
information, as it relates to your template. In this example the template configuration is
located on the Customer Configuration page, in the Create New Account Options section, and
in the Default Welcome Email field.

Page Customer Configuration

Section Create New Account Options

Field Default Welcome Email

2. Tap the link to open the template configuration page.

3. Expand the section. Then, find the field for the email template that you customized, and
specify the new template as the default.

Welcome Email Configuration

Step 4: Preview and Save the Template

1. When you are ready to review your work, tap Preview Template. Then, make adjustments to the
template as needed.

2. When complete, tap Save Template.

Your custom template is now available in the list of Email templates.

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Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION

LOAD DEFAULT TEMPLATE

Template Lists the selection of available templates, and identifies the template
to be customized.

TEMPLATE INFORMATION

Template Name The name of your custom template.

Insert Variable Inserts a variable into the template at the cursor location.

Template Subject The Template Subject appears in the Subject column, and can be
used to sort and filter the templates in the list.

Template Content The content of the template in HTML.

Template Styles Any CSS style declarations that are needed to format the template
can be entered in the Template Styles box.

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Email Template List

The list of email templates is organized alphabetically by Magento module.

Email Templates
TEMPLATE CONFIGURATION PATH
Magento_Checkout

Payment Failed Page: Sales > Checkout

Section: Payment Failed Emails

Field: Payment Failed Template

Magento_Contact

Contact Form Page: General > Contacts

Section: Email Options

Field: Email Template

Magento_Customer

Change Email n/a

Change Email and n/a

Password

Forgot Password Page: Customers > Customer Configuration

Section: Password Options

Field: Forgot Email Template

New Account Page: Customers > Customer Configuration

Section: Create New Account Options

Field: Default Welcome Email

New Account Page: Customers > Customer Configuration

(Magento/luma)
Section: Create New Account Options

Field: Default Welcome Email

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Email Templates (cont.)

TEMPLATE CONFIGURATION PATH
New Account Page: Customers > Customer Configuration
Confirmation Key
Section: Create New Account Options

Field: Confirmation Link Email

New Account Confirmed Page: Customers > Customer Configuration

Section: Create New Account Options

Field: Welcome Email

New Account Without Page: Customers > Customer Configuration

Password
Section: Create New Account Options

Field: Default Welcome Email Without Password

Remind Password Page: Customers > Customer Configuration

Section: Password Options

Field: Remind Email Template

Reset Password Page: Customers > Customer Configuration

Section: Password Options

Field: Reset Password Template

Magento_Directory

Currency Update Page: General > Currency Setup

Warnings
Section: Scheduled Import Settings

Field: Error Email Template

Magento_Email

Footer n/a

Footer (Magento/luma) n/a

Header n/a

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Email Templates (cont.)

TEMPLATE CONFIGURATION PATH
Magento_Newsletter

Subscription Confirmation Page: Customers > Newsletter

Section: Subscription Options

Field: Confirmation Email Template

Subscription Success Page: Customers > Newsletter

Section: Subscription Options

Field: Success Email Template

Unsubscription Success Page: Customers > Newsletter

Section: Subscription Options

Field: Unsubscription Email Template

Magento_ProductAlert

Cron Error Warning Page: Catalog > Catalog

Section: Product Alerts Run Settings

Field: Error Email Template

Price Alert Page: Catalog > Catalog

Section: Product Alerts

Field: Price Alert Email Template

Stock Alert Page: Catalog > Catalog

Section: Product Alerts

Field: Stock Alert Email Template

Magento_Sales

Credit Memo Update Page: Sales >Sales Emails

Section: Credit Memo Contents

Field: Credit Memo Comment Email Template

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Email Templates (cont.)

TEMPLATE CONFIGURATION PATH
Credit Memo Update Page: Sales >Sales Emails
(Magento/luma)
Section: Credit Memo Comments

Field: Credit Memo Comment Email Template

Credit Memo Update for Page: Sales >Sales Emails

Guest
Section: Credit Memo Comments

Field: Credit Memo Comment Email Template for

Guest

Credit Memo Update for Page: Sales >Sales Emails

Guest (Magento/luma)
Section: Credit Memo Comments

Field: Credit Memo Comment Email Template for

Guest

Invoice Update Page: Sales >Sales Emails

Section: Invoice Comments

Field: Invoice Comment Email Template

Invoice Update Page: Sales >Sales Emails

(Magento/luma)
Section: Invoice Comments

Field: Invoice Comment Email Template

Invoice Update for Guest Page: Sales >Sales Emails

Section: Invoice Comments

Field: Invoice Comment Email Template for Guest

New Credit Memo Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Section: Credit Memo

Field: Credit Memo Email Template

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Email Templates (cont.)

TEMPLATE CONFIGURATION PATH
New Credit Memo Page: Sales > Sales Emails
(Magento/luma)
Section: Credit Memo

Field: Credit Memo Email Template

New Credit Memo for Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Guest
Section: Credit Memo

Field: Credit Memo Email Template for Guest

New Credit Memo for Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Guest (Magento/luma)
Section: Credit Memo

Field: Credit Memo Email Template for Guest

New Invoice Stores -> Configuration -> Sales Emails -> Invoice -> Invoice Email
Template (Default Config)

Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Section: Invoice

Field: Invoice Email Template

New Invoice Stores -> Configuration -> Sales Emails -> Invoice -> Invoice Email
(Magento/luma) Template (Default Config)

Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Section: Invoice

Field: Invoice Email Template

New Invoice for Guest Stores -> Configuration -> Sales Emails -> Invoice -> Invoice Email
Template for Guest (Default Config)

Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Section: Invoice

Field: Invoice Email Template for Guest

New Invoice for Guest Stores -> Configuration -> Sales Emails -> Invoice -> Invoice Email
(Magento/luma) Template for Guest (Default Config)

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Email Templates (cont.)

TEMPLATE CONFIGURATION PATH

Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Section: Invoice

Field: Invoice Email Template for Guest

New Order Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Section: Order

Field: New Order Confirmation Template

New Order Page: Sales > Sales Emails

(Magento/luma)
Section: Order

Field: New Order Confirmation Template

New Order for Guest Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Section: Order

Field: New Order Confirmation Template for Guest

New Order for Guest Page: Sales > Sales Emails

(Magento/luma)
Section: Order

Field: New Order Confirmation Template for Guest

New Shipment Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Section: Shipment

Field: Shipment Email Template

New Shipment Page: Sales > Sales Emails

(Magento/luma)
Section: Shipment

Field: Shipment Email Template

New Shipment for Guest Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Section: Shipment

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Email Templates (cont.)

TEMPLATE CONFIGURATION PATH

Field: Shipment Email Template for Guest

New Shipment for Guest Page: Sales > Sales Emails

(Magento/luma)
Section: Shipment

Field: Shipment Email Template for Guest

Order Update Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Section: Order Comments

Field: Order Comment Email Template

Order Update Page: Sales > Sales Emails

(Magento/luma)
Section: Order Comments

Field: Order Comment Email Template

Order Update for Guest Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Section: Order Comments

Field: Order Comment Email Template for Guest

Order Update for Guest Page: Sales > Sales Emails

(Magento/luma)
Section: Order Comments

Field: Order Comment Email Template for Guest

Shipment Update Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Section: Shipment Comments

Field: Shipment Comment Email Template

Shipment Update Page: Sales > Sales Emails

(Magento/luma)
Section: Shipment Comments

Field: Shipment Comment Email Template

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Email Templates (cont.)

TEMPLATE CONFIGURATION PATH
Shipment Update for Page: Sales > Sales Emails
Guest
Section: Shipment Comments

Field: Shipment Comment Email Template for

Guest

Shipment Update for Page: Sales > Sales Emails

Guest (Magento/luma)
Section: Shipment Comments

Field: Shipment Comment Email Template for

Guest

Magento_SendFriend

Send Product Link to Page: Catalog >Email to a Friend

Friend
Section: Email Templates

Field: Select Email Template

Magento_Sitemap

Sitemap Generation Page: Catalog > XML Sitemap

Settings
Section: Generation Settings

Field: Error Email Template

Magento_User

Forgot Admin Password Page: Advanced >Admin

Section: Admin User Emails

Field: Forgot Password Email Template

User Notification Stores -> Configuration -> Admin -> Admin User Emails -> User
Notification Template (Default Config)

Page: Advanced >Admin

Section: Admin User Emails

Field: User Notification Template

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Email Templates (cont.)

TEMPLATE CONFIGURATION PATH
Magento_Wishlist

Magento Wish List Sharing Page: Customers > Wish List

Section: Share Options

Field: Email Template

Configuring Email Communications

The Mail Sending Settings give you the ability to route returned email or replies to email to a
specific address. Also, if your store is running on a Windows server, you can verify the host and
port settings.

Security Notice! We recommend that all merchants immediately set their mail sending
configuration to protect against a recently identified potential remote code execution exploit. Until
this issue is resolved, we highly recommend that you avoid using Sendmail for email
communications. In the Mail Sending Settings, make sure that Set Return Path is set to "No." To
learn more, see the Magento Security Center posting.

Mail Sending Settings

To configure email communications:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose System.

3. Expand the Mail Sending Settings section. Then, do the following:

a. If necessary, set Disable Email Communications to No.

b. If running on a Windows server, verify the following settings:

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Host localhost

Port (25) 25

c. Until the current security issue is resolved, we highly recommend that you set Set Return
Path to "No."

No (Recommended Security Measure) Routes returned email to the

default store email address.

Yes Routes returned email to the default store email address.

Specified Routes returned email to the email address specified in the Return
Path Email field.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Sales Documents
In addition to the email messages related to a sale, your store generates invoices, packing slips,
and credit memos in both HTMLand PDF formats. Before your store goes live, make sure to
update these documents with your logo and store address. You can customize the address
format, and also include additional information for reference.

l Invoices
l Packing Slips
l Credit Memos

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Preparing Your Invoice Logo

Unlike the logo images used in HTML, the logo for PDF invoices and other sales documents can
be a high-resolution, 300 dpi image. However, the image must be rendered to fit a space that is
200 pixels wide by 50 pixels high. Be careful to preserve the aspect ratio when you resize the
logo. Resize the logo to fit the height, and dont worry about any unused space to the right.

200 x 50 pixels
One way to resize your logo to fit the required size is to create a new, blank image with the
correct dimensions. Then, paste your logo image and resize it to fit the height. With most
image editing programs, you can either scale it by a percentage to preserve the aspect ratio, or
hold down the shift key and manually resize the image.

To configure invoices and packing slips:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Sales, choose Sales.

3. Expand the Invoice and PackingSlip Design section. Then, do the following:

Invoice and Packing Slip Design

a. To upload the Logo for PDF Print-outs, tap Choose File. Find the logo that you have
prepared, and tap Open.

b. To upload the Logo for HTML Print View,tap Choose File. Find the logo that you have
prepared, and tap Open.

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4. Enter your address as you want it to appear on invoices and packing slips.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

For reference, a thumbnail of the uploaded image appears before each field. Dont worry if the
thumbnail appears distorted. The proportion of the logo will be correct on the invoice.

To replace an image:

1. Tap Choose File and choose a different logo file.

2. Mark the Delete Image checkbox for the image you want to replace.

3. Tap Save Config.

Image Formats
FORMAT REQUIREMENTS

PDF

File Format JPG (JPEG), PNG, TIF (TIFF)

Image Size 200 pixels wide x 50 pixels high

Resolution 300 dpi recommended

HTML

File Format JPG (JPEG), PNG, GIF

Image Size Determined by theme.

Resolution 72 or 96 dpi

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Adding Reference IDs to Header CHAPTER 24: Sales Documents

Adding Reference IDs to Header

The Order ID and customer IP address can be included in the header of sales documents that
accompany an order. By default, both the Order ID and customer IP address appear in the
header of invoices, shipment packing slips, and credit memos.

PDF Print-outs

To change the Order ID settting:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose PDF Print-outs.

3. Expand the Invoice section.

Invoice

4. Set Display Order ID in Header according to your preference.

5. Repeat for the Shipment and Credit Memo sections.

6. When complete, tap Save Config.

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To change the customer IPaddress setting:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Sales.

3. Expand the General section.

General

4. Set Hide Customer IP to your preference.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Customer Address Templates CHAPTER 24: Sales Documents

Customer Address Templates

You can modify the template that determines the format of customer billing and shipping
addresses that appear on printed invoices, shipments, and refunds, as well as in the address
book of the customer account.

Example 1: Text Templates

For Text, Text One Line, HTML and PDF Address Templates

{{depend address attribute code}} a space, a character, or UI label

{{/depend}};

{{if address attribute code}}{{var address attribute code}} a space, a

character, or UI label

{{/if}}

Example 2: JavaScript Template

For JavaScript Address Template

#{address attribute code} or User Interface label #{address attribute code}

Address Templates

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To change the order of address fields:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Customers, choose Customer Configuration.

3. Expand the Address Templates section. The section includes a separate set of formatting
instructions for each of the following:

l Text
l Text One Line
l HTML
l PDF

4. Edit each template as needed, using the examples for reference.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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 CHAPTER 25:

Newsletters
Publishing a regular newsletter is considered to be one of the most powerful and affordable
marketing tools available. Magento Community Edition 2.1 gives you the ability to publish and
distribute newsletters to customers who have subscribed, plus tools to produce your newsletter,
build and manage your list of subscribers, develop content, and drive traffic to your store. You
can also use Page Hierarchy to create an archive of past issues.

You can add capabilities by integrating your Magento installation with a third-party newsletter
service provider and by adding extensions. To learn more, see Magento Connect.

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Configuring Newsletters CHAPTER 25: Newsletters

Configuring Newsletters
The first step in creating newsletters is to configure the newsletter settings for your site. You
can require customers to click a confirmation link that is sent by email to confirm the
subscription. This double opt-in1, method requires customers to confirm twice that they want
to receive your newsletter, and reduces the possibility that it might be considered to be spam.

To configure subscription options:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Customers, choose Newsletter.

3. If necessary, expand the Subscription Options section. Then, do the following:

Subscription Options

1The process for subscribing email recipients by requiring them to take a secondary step to confirm that they want
to receive emails.

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a. Confirm the email template and sender of the each of the following email messages that
are sent to subscribers:

l Success email
l Confirmation email
l Unsubscribe email

b. To use the double opt-in process to confirm subscriptions, set Need to Confirm to Yes.

c. To allow people who do not have an account with your store to subscribe to the newsletter,
set Allow Guest Subscription to Yes.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Newsletter Templates CHAPTER 25: Newsletters

Newsletter Templates
You can create as many newsletter templates as you need for different purposes. You might
send a weekly product update, a monthly newsletter, or annual holiday newsletter. Newsletter
templates can be prepared with HTML markup, or as plain text. Unlike HTML, plain text
newsletters contain no images, rich text, or formatted links. In the grid, the Template Type
column indicates whether a template is HTMLor text.

Newsletter Templates

To create a newsletter template:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under Communications, choose Newsletter
Template.

2. To add a new template, click the Add New Template button. Then, do the following:

a. In the Template Name enter name for internal reference.

b. In the Template Subject field, describe the purpose of the newsletter.

c. In the Sender Name field , enter the name of the person who is to appear as the sender of
the newsletter.

d. In the Sender Email field, enter the email address of the newsletter sender.

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e. At the Template Content field, tap Show / HIde Editor to display the WYSIWYG editor.
Then, update the content as needed. To learn more, see: Using the Editor.

Do not remove the unsubscribe link at the bottom of the template content. In some
jurisdictions, the link is required by law.

f. In the Template Styles field, enter the CSSdeclarations needed to format the content.

Template Information

3. Tap Preview Template to see how it looks. Then, make any changes that are needed.

4. When complete, tap Save Template.

After you save a template, a Save As button appears the next time you edit the template. It
can be used to save variations of the template without overwriting the original.

To convert the template to plain text:

1. At the top of the page, tap Convert to Plain Text. When prompted to confirm, tap OK.

2. To preview the plain text version of the template, tap Preview Template. The preview opens in a
new browser tab.

3. To save the plain text version, tap Save Template.

To restore the HTML:

1. At the top of the page, tap Return HTMLVersion.

2. To preview the HTML version of the template, tap Preview Template. The preview opens in a
new browser tab.

3. To save the HTML version, tap Save Template.

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Sending Newsletters CHAPTER 25: Newsletters

Sending Newsletters
To manage the load on the server, newsletters with many subscribers are sent in a queue of
multiple batches. You can check the newsletter queue periodically to check the status, and see
how many have been processed. Any problems that occur during transmission appear on the
Newsletter Problem Report.

To send a newsletter:

1. On the Admin menu, tap Marketing. Then under Newsletters, choose Newsletter Templates.

2. In the grid, find the template for the newsletter that is to be sent. Then, set the Action column
to Queue Newsletter.

Add to Newsletter Queue

3. In the Queue Date Start field, select the date that the transmission is to begin from the
calendar ( ).

4. In the Subscribers From list select each store view that is to be included in the email blast.

5. Complete the email header information as follows:

a. Enter a brief description of the newsletter for the Subject line of the email header.

b. Enter the Sender Name.

c. In the Sender Email field, enter the email address of the sender.

The default name and email address of the sender is specified in the configuration.

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6. If applicable, enter a note in the Message box above the instructions to unsubscribe. Do not
remove the instructions, which are required by law in many jurisdictions.

7. When complete, tap Save and Resume.

The newsletter appears in the queue waiting to be processed.

Newsletter Queue

To check for problems:

1. On the Admin menu, tap Reports.

2. Under Marketing, choose Newsletter Problem Reports.

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Managing Subscribers CHAPTER 25: Newsletters

Managing Subscribers
As a best practice you should manage your subscription list on a regular basis, and make sure
to process any requests to unsubscribe. In some jurisdictions, it is required by law that requests
to unsubscribe are processed within a specific period of time.

If you want to use a third-party service to send newsletters, you can export your subscription
list as a CSV or XML file.

To cancel a subscription:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under Communications, choose Newsletter
Subscribers.

2. Find the subscriber in the grid. Then, mark the checkbox in the first column.

3. Set the Action control to Unsubscribe. Then, tap Submit.

The status of the record changes to Unsubscribed.

Unsubscribe

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To export the list of subscribers:

1. From the Newsletter Subscribers list, use the filter controls to include only records with a
Status of Subscribed, and for the appropriate website, store, or store view.

2. Set the Export to control to one of the following:

l CSV
l XML

3. Tap Export. Then, look for the prompt at the bottom of the screen, and save the file.

Export Newsletter Subscribers

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 CHAPTER 26:

RSS Feeds
RSS (Really Simple Syndication) is an XML-based data format that is used to distribute
information online. Your customers can subscribe to your RSS feeds to learn of new products
and promotions. RSS Feeds can also be used to publish your product information to shopping
aggregation sites, and can be included in newsletters.

When RSS feeds are enabled, any additions to products, specials, categories, and coupons are
automatically sent to the subscribers of each feed. A link to all RSS feeds that you publish is in
the footer of your store.

The orange RSSsymbol is typically used to identify an RSSfeed.

The software that is required to read an RSS feed is called a feed reader1, and allows people
to subscribe to headlines, blogs, podcasts, and much more. Google Reader is one of the many
feed readers that are available online for free.

RSSFeeds

1Software that is used to read syndicated content from RSS feeds.

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 CHAPTER 26: RSS Feeds

To set up RSS feeds for your store:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the upper-right corner, set Store View to the view(s) where the feeds are to be available. If
prompted to confirm, tap OK.

3. In the panel on the left, under Catalog, choose RSS Feeds.

4. Expand the Rss Config section. Then, set Enable RSS to Enable.

If necessary, clear the Use Website checkbox to change the default value.

RSS Feeds

5. Expand the Wish List section. Then, set Enable RSS to Enable.

6. Expand the Catalog section and set other feeds to Enable as needed.

l New Products
l Special Products
l Coupons/Discounts
l Top Level Category

Catalog

7. Expand the Order section. Then, set Customer Order Status Notification to Enable.

8. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Types of RSS Feeds

RSS FEED DESCRIPTION
Wish List When enabled, an RSS feed link appears at the top of customer wish
list pages. Additionally, the wish list sharing page includes a
checkbox that lets you include a link to the feed from shared wish
lists.

New Products Publishes notification of new products added to the catalog.

Special Products Publishes notification of any products with special pricing.

Coupons / Discounts Publishes notification of any special coupons or discounts that are
available in the store.

Top Level Category Publishes notification of any change to the top-level category
structure of your catalog, which is reflected in the main menu.

Customer Order Status Gives customers the ability to track their order status by RSS feed.
When enabled, an RSS feed link appears on the order.

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 CHAPTER 27:

Using Variables
Variables are pieces of information that can be created once and used in multiple places, such
as email templates, blocks, and content pages. Your store includes a large number of predefined
variables that can be used to personalize communications. In addition, you can create your
own custom variables.

l Predefined Variables
l Custom Variables

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Adding Predefined Variables

Predefined variables are easy to add to content email templates and content pages to
personalize communications. The selection of available variables depends on the template.

Variables for Contact Form Template

To add a variable to an email template:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under Communications, choose Email Templates.

2. Do one of the following:

l Load an existing template.

l Add a new template.

3. In the Template Content box, position the insertion point where you want the variable to
appear. Then, tap Insert Variable.

4. In the list of available variables, choose the one you want to insert into the template.

5. To preview the template in a new browser window, tap Preview. Then, return to the main
window.

6. When complete, tap Save Template.

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Adding Custom Variables

If you know a little basic HTML, you can create custom variables and use a markup tag to
incorporate them into pages, blocks, banners, and email templates.

{{CustomVar code= "my_custom_variable"}}

Custom Variables

To create a custom variable:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Other Settings, choose Custom Variables.

2. Tap Add New Variable.

3. Enter an identifier in the Variable Code field. Use all lowercase characters, without spaces.

4. Enter a Variable Name, which is used for internal reference. Then, do one of the following:

l In the Variable HTML Value text field, enter any content you want to include, using basic
HTML tags. This option allows you to format the value.
l In the Variable Plain Value field, enter the variable value as plain text.

You can drag the lower-right corner to make the boxes bigger.

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New Custom Variable

5. When complete, tap Save.

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Markup Tags
A markup tag is a snippet of code that contains a relative reference to an object in your store,
such as a variable, URL, image, or block. Markup tags can be incorporated into the HTML of
content pages, blocks, email templates, newsletters, and so on.

Markup tags are enclosed in double, curly braces, and can either be generated by the Widget
tool, or typed directly into HTML content. For example, rather than hard-coding the full path
to a page, you can use a markup tag to represent the store URL. The markup tags featured in
the following examples include:

Custom Variable
The Variable markup tag can be used to insert a custom variable into an email templates,
blocks, newsletters, and content pages,

{{CustomVar code= "my_custom_variable"}}

Store URL
The Store URL markup tag represents the base URL of your website, and is used as a substitute
for the first part of a full URL, including the domain name. There are two versions of this
markup tag: One that goes directly to your store, and the other with a forward slash at the end
that is used when a path is added.

{{store url='apparel/shoes/womens'}}

Media URL
The dynamic media URL markup tag represents the location and file name of an image that is
stored on a content delivery network (CDN). The tag can be used to place an image on a page,
block, banner, or email template.

{{media url='shoe-sale.jpg'}}

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Block ID
The Block ID markup tag is one of the easiest to use, and can be used to place a block directly
on a CMS page, or even nested inside another block. You can use this technique to modify a
block for different promotions or languages. The Block ID markup tag references a block by its
identifier.

{{block id='block-id'}}

Template Tag
A template tag references a PHTML template file, and can be used to display the block on a
CMSpage or static block. The code in the following example can be added to a page or block to
display the Contact Us form.
Contact Us Template Tag

{{block type="core/template" name="contactForm"

template="contacts/form.phtml"}}

The code in the next example can be added to a page or block to display the a list of products
in a specific category, by category ID.
Category Product List Template Tag

{{block type="catalog/product_list" category_id="22"

template="catalog/product/list.phtml"}}

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Widget Code
The Widget tool can be used to display lists of products, or to insert complex links, such as one
that goes to a specific product page, based on product ID. The code that is generated includes
the block reference, location of the code module, and corresponding PHTML template. After the
code is generated, you can copy and paste it from one place to another.

The code in the following example can be added to a page or block to display the list of new
products.
New Products Grid Code

{{widget type="catalog/product_widget_new"
display_type="new_products" products_count="10"
template="catalog/product/widget/new/content/new_grid.phtml"}}

The code in the next example can be added to a page or block to display a link to a specific
product, by product ID.
Link to Product Code

{{widget type="catalog/product_widget_link" anchor_text="My Product Link"

title="My Product Link" template="catalog/product/widget/link/link_
block.phtml"
id_path="product/31"}}

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Using Markup Tags in Links

You can use markup tags with HTML anchor tags, and link directly to any page in your store.
The link can be incorporated into content pages, blocks, banners, or email and newsletter
templates. You can also use this technique to link an image to a specific page.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Identify the Destination URL
Step 2: Add the Markup to the URL
Step 3: Complete the Anchor Tag

Step 1: Identify the Destination URL

If possible, navigate to the page that you want to link to, and copy the full URL from the
address bar of your browser. The part of the URL that you need comes after the dot com
forward slash. Otherwise, copy the URL Key from the CMS page that you want to use as the
link destination.
Full URL to Category Page

http://mystore.com/apparel/shoes/womens

http://mystore.com/apparel/shoes/womens.html

Full URL to Product Page

http://mystore.com/apparel/shoes/womens/nine-west-pump

http://mystore.com/apparel/shoes/womens/nine-west-pump.html

Full URL to CMS Page

http://mystore.com/about-us

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Step 2: Add the Markup to the URL

The Store URL tag represents the base URL of your website, and is used as a substitute for the
http address part of the store URL, including the domain name and dot com. There are two
versions of the tag, which you can use, depending on the results you want to achieve.

store direct_url Links directly to a page.

store url Places a forward slash at the end, so additional references can be
appended as a path.

In the following examples, the URL Key is enclosed in single quotes, and the entire markup tag
is enclosed in double curly braces. When used with an anchor tag, the markup tag is placed
inside the double quotes of the anchor. To avoid confusion, you can alternate using single-and
double quotes for each nested set of quotes.

1. If you are starting with a full URL, delete the http address part of the URL, up through and
including the dot.com forward slash. In its place, type the Store URL markup tag, up
through the opening single quote.

Store URL Markup Tag

http://mystore.com/apparel/shoes/womens

{{store url='apparel/shoes/womens'}}

Otherwise, type the first part of the Store URL markup tag, and paste the URL key or path that
you copied earlier.
Store URL Markup Tag with URL Key

{{store url='

{{store url='apparel/shoes/womens'}}

2. To complete the markup tag, type the closing double quotes and double braces.

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Step 3: Complete the Anchor Tag

1. Wrap the completed markup tag inside an anchor tag, using the markup tag instead of the
target URL. Then, add the link text, and closing anchor tag.

Markup in Anchor Tag

<a href="{{markup tag goes here}}">Link Text</a>

2. Paste the completed anchor tag into the code of any CMS page, block, banner, or email
template, where you want the link to appear.

Complete Link with Markup

<a href="{{store url='apparel/shoes'}}">Shoe Sale</a>

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Variable Reference
Most email templates have a section of additional variables that are specific to the template.
The following are examples of some frequently used templates.

Email Template Variables

VARIABLE MARKUP TAG
Email Footer Template {{template config_path="design/email/footer_template"}}

Email Header Template {{template config_path="design/email/header_template"}}

Email Logo Image Alt {{var logo_alt}}

Email Logo Image URL {{var logo_url}}

Email Logo Image Height {{var logo_height}}

Email Logo Image Width {{var logo_width}}

Template CSS {{var template_styles|raw}}

Store Contact Information Variables

VARIABLE MARKUP TAG
Base Unsecure URL {{config path="web/unsecure/base_url"}}

Base Secure URL {{config path="web/secure/base_url"}}

General Contact Name {{config path="trans_email/ident_general/name"}}

General Contact Email {{config path="trans_email/ident_general/email"}}

Sales Representative {{config path="trans_email/ident_sales/name"}}

Contact Name

Sales Representative {{config path="trans_email/ident_sales/email"}}

Contact Email

Custom1 Contact Name {{config path="trans_email/ident_custom1/name"}}

Custom1 Contact Email {{config path="trans_email/ident_custom1/email"}}

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Store Contact Information Variables (cont.)

VARIABLE MARKUP TAG
Custom2 Contact Name {{config path="trans_email/ident_custom2/name"}}

Custom2 Contact Email {{config path="trans_email/ident_custom2/email"}}

Store Name {{config path="general/store_information/name"}}

Store Phone Telephone {{config path="general/store_information/phone"}}

Store Hours {{config path="general/store_information/hours"}}

Country {{config path="general/store_information/country_id"}}

Region/State {{config path="general/store_information/region_id"}}

Zip/Postal Code {{config path="general/store_information/postcode"}}

City {{config path="general/store_information/city"}}

Street Address 1 {{config path="general/store_information/street_line1"}}

Street Address 2 {{config path="general/store_information/street_line2"}}

Store Contact Address {{config path="general/store_information/address"}}

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New Account Template Variables

VARIABLE MARKUP TAG
Customer Account URL {{var this.getUrl($store, 'customer/account/')}}

Customer Email {{var customer.email}}

Customer Name {{var customer.name}}

New Order Template Variables

VARIABLE MARKUP TAG
Billing Address {{var formattedBillingAddress|raw}}

Email Order Note {{var order.getEmailCustomerNote()}}

Order ID {{var order.increment_id}}

Order Items Grid {{layout handle="sales_email_order_items"

order=$order area="frontend"}}

Payment Details {{var payment_html|raw}}

Shipping Address {{var formattedShippingAddress|raw}}

Shipping Description {{var order.getShippingDescription()}}

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SEO & Search

451
 Contents
In this section of the guide, we'll take alook at Catalog Navigation
the search capabilities of your store, what you
can learn from customer search terms, and how Top Navigation
to make your products easy to find. Finally, Breadcrumb Trail
youll learn best practices and techniques that Product Listings
you can use to bring more traffic to your store. Pagination Controls
Layered Navigation

Catalog Search
Quick Search
Advanced Search
Search Results
Weighted Search
Configuring Catalog Search
Using a Flat Catalog

Meta Data
Canonical Meta Tag
Catalog URLs
SEO URL Rewrites
Configuring URLRewrites
Automatic Product Redirects
Creating URL Rewrites

Search Terms
Popular Search Terms
Adding Search Terms
Search Terms Report
Using a Sitemap

Google Tools
Google Analytics
Google Adwords

452
 CHAPTER 28:

Catalog Navigation
The term navigation1 refers to the methods shoppers use to move from page to page
throughout your store. The main menu, or top navigation of your store is actually a list of
category links, and provides easy access to the products in your catalog. You will also find
categories in the breadcrumb trail that runs across the top of most pages, and in the layered
navigation that appears on the left side of some two- or three-column pages.

For a product to be visible in your store, it must be assigned to at least one category. Each
category can have a dedicated landing page with an image, static block, a description, and a
list of products in the category. You can also create special designs for category pages that are
active only for a specific period of time such as for a holiday or promotion.

1The primary group of web page links that a customer uses to navigate around the website; the navigation links to
the most important categories or pages on an online store.

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Top Navigation
The main menu of your store is like a directory to the different departments in your store. Each
option represents a different category of products. The position and presentation of the top
navigation might vary by theme, but the way it works is essentially the same.

Top Navigation
The category structure of your catalog can influence how well your site is indexed by search
engines. The more deeply nested a category, the less likely it is to be thoroughly indexed. As a
general rule, anywhere between one and three visible levels is considered to be the most
effective. The root category counts as the first level, although it doesn't appear in the menu.
The maximum number of levels that are available in the top navigation is determined by the
configuration. In addition, there might be a limit to the number of menu levels that are
supported by your store theme. For example, the sample Luma theme supports up to five
levels, including the root.

Counting Menu Levels

Level 1 The first level is the root category, which in the sample data is named
Default Category.The root is a container for the menu, and its name
does not appear as an option in the menu.

Level 2 On a desktop display, the top navigation is the main menu that
appears across the top of the page. On a mobile device, the main
menu typically appears as a fly-out menu of options. The second-
level options in the Luma store are What's New, Women, Men,
Gear, Training, and Sale.

Level 3 The third-level appears below each main menu option. For example,
under Women, the third-level options are Tops and Bottoms.

Level 4 The fourth-level options are subcategories that fly out from a third-
level option. For example, under Tops, the fourth level menu options
are Jackets, Hoodies & Sweatshirts, Tees, and Bras & Tanks.

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To set the depth of the top navigation:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, expand Catalog. Then, choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Category Top Navigation section.

Because the depth of the top navigation has a global configuration scope, the setting applies to
all websites, stores, and store views in the Magento installation. The Category Top Navigation
configuration section is available only when Store View in the upper-left corner is set to
Default Config.

Default Config

4. To limit the number of subcategories that appear in the top navigation, enter the number in the
Maximal Depth field.

The default Maximal Depth value is zero, which does not place a limit on the number of
subcategory levels.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

Category Top Navigation

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Breadcrumb Trail
A breadcrumb trail is a set of links that shows where you are in relation to other pages in the
store. You can click any link in the breadcrumb trail to return to the previous page.

The breadcrumb trail can be configured to appear on content pages, as well as catalog pages.
The format and position of the breadcrumb trail varies by theme, but it is usually located just
below the header. By default, the breadcrumb trail appears on CMS pages.

Breadcrumb Trail

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To remove the breadcrumbs from CMS pages:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose Web. Then, do the following:

a. Expand the Default Pages section.

b. Clear the Use system value checkbox.

c. Set Show Breadcrumbs for CMS Pages to "No."

3. When complete, tap Save Config.

Show Breadcrumbs for CMS Pages

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Product Listings
Product listings can be set to appear by default as either a list or grid. You can also determine
how many products appear per page, and which attribute is used to sort the list. Each catalog
page with a product list has a set of controls that can be used to sort the products, change the
format of the list, sort by attribute, and advance from one page to the next.

Products Displayed as a Grid

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To configure product listings:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. Scroll down and in the panel on the left, tap Catalog. Then choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Storefront section, and do the following:

Storefront

a. Set the default List Mode to one of the following:

l Grid Only
l List Only
l Grid (default) / List
l List (default / Grid

b. In the Products per Page on Grid Allowed Values field, enter the number of products
that you want to appear per page when shown in grid format. To enter a selection of
values, separate each number by a comma.

c. In the Products per Page on Grid Default Value field, enter the default number of
products to appear in the grid per page.

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d. In the Products per Page on List Allowed Values field, enter the number of products that
you want to appear per page when shown in list format. To enter a selection of values,
separate each number by a comma.

e. In the Products per page on List Default Value field, enter the default number of products
that appear in the list, per page.

f. To give customers the option to list all products, set Allow All Products on Page to Yes.

g. Set Product Listing Sorted by to the default attribute that is initially used to sort the list.

4. If using a flat catalog, do the following:

a. To display a flat category listing of products, set Use Flat Catalog Category to Yes.

b. To display a flat product listing, set Use Flat Catalog Product to Yes.

5. If you want to allow dynamic references for media assets in category and product URLs, set
Allow Dynamic Media URLs in Products and Categories to Yes.

6. When complete, tap Save Config.

Page Controls
CONTROL DESCRIPTION
View As Displays the products in either a grid or list format.

Sort By Changes the sort order of the list.

Show Per Page Determines how many products appear per page.

Pagination Links Navigation links to other pages.

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Pagination Controls
The Pagination settings appear at the top and bottom of the list, and control the format of the
pagination links for product listings. You can set the number of links that appear in the
control, and configure the Next and Previous links. For the pagination links to appear, there
must be more products in the list than are allowed per page in the product list configuration.

Pagination Controls

Pagination Controls
View As
Displays the list in either a Grid or List format.

Sort By
Changes the sort order of the list.

Show Per Page

Determines how many products appear per page.

Pagination Links
Navigation links to other pages.

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To configure the pagination controls:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Configuration.

2. Find the store view that you want to configure. Then in the Action column, click Edit.

3. Under Other Settings, expand the Pagination section.

Pagination

a. In the Pagination Frame field, enter the number of links that you want to appear in the
pagination control.

b. In the Pagination Frame Skip field, enter the number of links that you want to skip ahead
before displaying the next set of links in the pagination control.

For example, if the pagination frame has five links, and you want to jump to the next five
links, how many links do you want to skip ahead?If you set this to four, then the last link
from the previous set will be the first link in the next set.

c. In the Anchor Text for Previous field, enter the text that you want to appear for the
Previous link. Leave blank to use the default arrow.

d. In the Anchor Text for Next field, enter the text that you want to appear for the Next link.
Leave blank to use the default arrow.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Layered Navigation
Layered navigation makes it easy to find products based on category, price range, or any other
available attribute. Layered navigation usually appears in the left column of search results and
category pages and sometimes on the home page. The standard navigation includes a Shop
By list of categories and price range. You can configure the display of layered navigation,
including product count and price range.

Layered Navigation by Category and Price

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Layered Navigation with Filterable Attributes

Layered navigation can be used to search for products by category or by attribute. For example,
when a shopper chooses the Mens/Shorts category from the top navigation, the initial results
include all products in the category. The list can be filtered further by choosing a specific style,
climate, color, material, pattern, or priceor a combination of values. Filterable attributes
appear in an expanding section that lists each attribute value. As an option, the list of
products with matching results can be configured to include products with, or without, a
match.

The attribute properties, combined with the product input type determines which attributes
can be used for layered navigation. Layered navigation is available only for anchor categories,
but can also be added to search results pages. The Catalog Input Type for Store Owner property
of each attribute must be set to Dropdown, Multiple Select, or Price. To make the
attributes filterable, the Use in Layered Navigation property of each must be set to either
Filterable (with results) or Filterable (no results).

Filterable Attributes In Layered Navigation

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The following instructions show how to set up basic layered navigation with filterable
attributes. For advanced layered navigation with price steps, see: Price Navigation.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Set Up the Attribute Properties
Step 2: Make the Category an Anchor
Step 3: Test the Results

Step 1: Set Up the Attribute Properties

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Attributes, choose Product.

2. Find the attribute in the list, and open in edit mode. Then, do the following:

Filtered Search on Attribute Code

a. In the panel on the left, choose Storefront Properties. Then, set Use In Layered
Navigation to one of the following:

Filterable (with Layered navigation includes only those filters for which matching
results) products can be found. Any attribute value that already applies to
all products shown in the list does not appear as an available filter.
Attribute values with a count of zero (0) product matches are also
omitted from the list of available filters.

The filtered list of products includes only those that match the
filter. The products list is updated only if the selected filter(s)
change what is currently shown.

Filterable (no Layered navigation includes filters for all available attribute values
results) and their product counts, including those with zero (0) product
matches. If the attribute value is a swatch, the value appears as a
filter, but is crossed out.

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Filterable Swatch Value with No Results

b. Set Use In Search Results Layered Navigation to Yes.

Storefront Properties

3. Repeat these steps for each attribute that you want to include in layered navigation.

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Step 2: Make the Category an Anchor

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory choose Categories.

2. In the categories tree on the left, select the category where you want to use layered navigation.

3. Expand the Display Settings section. Then, set Anchorto Yes.

4. Tap Save .

Category Display Settings

Step 3: Test the Results

To test the setting, go to your store and navigate to the category from the main menu. The
selection of filterable attributes appears in the layered navigation of the category page.

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Price Navigation
Price navigation can be used to distribute products by price range in layered navigation. You
can also split each range in intervals. There are ways to calculate price navigation:

l Automatic (Equalize Price Ranges)

l Automatic (Equalize Product Counts)
l Manual

With the first two methods, the navigation steps are calculated automatically. The manual
method lets you specify a division limit for price intervals. The following example shows the
difference between price navigation steps of 10 and 100.

Iterative splitting provides the best distribution of products among price ranges. With iterative
splitting, after choosing the $0.00-$99 range, the customer can drill-down through several
sub-ranges of prices. Price-range splitting stops when the number of products reaches the
threshold set by the Interval Division Limit.

Example: Price Navigation Steps

PRICE STEP BY 10 PRICE STEP BY 100

$20.00 - $29.99 (1) $0.00 - $99.99 (4)

$30.00 - $39.99 (2) $100 - $199.99 (5)

$70.00 - $79.99 (1) $400.00 - $499.99 (2)

$100.00 - $109.99 (1) $700.00 and above (1)

$120.00 - $129.99 (2)

$150.00 - $159.99 (1)

$180.00 - $189.99 (1)

$420.00 - $429.99 (1)

$440.00 - $449.99 (1)

$710.00 and above (1)

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To configure price navigation:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Layered Navigation section. Then, do the following:

a. By default, Display Product Count is set to Yes. The change the setting, first clear the
Use system value checkbox.

b. Set Price Navigation Steps Calculation to one of the following methods:

Layered Navigation

Method 1: Automatic (equalize price ranges)

Leave Price Navigation Steps Calculation set to the default, Automatic (Equalize Price
Ranges.) This setting uses the standard algorithm for price navigation.

Method 2: Automatic (equalize product counts)

To change the value of any of the following fields, first clear the Use system value checkbox.

1. Set Price Navigation Steps Calculation to Automatic (equalize product counts).

2. To display a single price when multiple products with the same price, set Display Price
Interval as One Price to Yes.

3. In the Interval Division Limit field, enter the threshold for a number of products within a
price range. The range cannot be further split beyond this limit., The default value is 9.

Automatic (equalize product counts)

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Method 3: Manual
To change the value of any of the following fields, first clear the Use system value checkbox.

1. Set Price Navigation Steps Calculation to Manual.

2. Enter a value to determine the Default Price Navigation Step.

3. Enter the Maximum Number of Price Intervals allowed, up to 100.

Manual

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Configuring Layered Navigation

The layered navigation configuration determines if a product count appears in parentheses after
each atribute, and the size of the step calculation that is used in price navigation.

To configure layered navigation:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, expand the Catalog section. Then choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Layered Navigation section, and do the following:

Layered Navigation

a. To display the number of products found for each attribute, set Display Product Count to
Yes. If necessary, first clear the Use system value checkbox.

b. Set Price Navigation Step Calculation to Automatic (equalize price ranges). If necessary,
first clear the Use system value checkbox.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Catalog Search
Research shows that people who use search are more likely to make a purchase than those who
rely on navigation alone. In fact, according to some studies, people who use search are nearly
twice as likely to make a purchase. In this section of the guide, we will explore how customers
search for products in your catalog, and how you can configure catalog search.

l Quick Search
l Advanced Search
l Search Results
l Configuring Catalog Search
l Flat Catalog

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Quick Search
The Search box in the header of the store helps visitors find products in your catalog. The
search text can be the full or partial product name, or any other word or phrase that describes
the product. The search terms that people use to find products can be managed from the
Admin.

To do a quick search:
1. In the Search box, enter the first few letters of what you want to find.

Any matches in the catalog appear below, with the number of results found.

2. Either press the Enter key or tap a result in the list of matching products.

Search

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Advanced Search
Advanced Search lets shoppers search the catalog based on values entered into a form. Because
the form contains multiple fields, a single search can include several parameters. The result is a
list of all products in the catalog that match the criteria. A link to Advanced Search is in the
footer of your store.

Advanced Search
Each field in the form corresponds to an attribute from your product catalog. To add a field, set
the frontend properties of the attribute to Include in Advanced Search. As a best practice,
include only the fields that customers are most likely to use to find a product, because having
too many will slow down the search.

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To use advanced search:

1. In the footer of the store, click Advanced Search.

2. In the Advanced Search form, full or partial values in as many fields as necessary.

3. Tap Search to display the results.

Search Results

4. If you dont see what you are looking for in the search results, tap Modify your search and try
another combination of criteria.

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Search Results
The Search Results list includes all products that match the search criteria entered in the Quick
Search box or the Advanced Search form. Every product list in the catalog has essentially the
same controls. The only difference is that one is the result of a search query, and the other is
the result of navigation.

The results can be formatted as either a grid or list, and sorted by a selection of attributes.
Pagination controls appear if there are more products than fit on the page, and are used to
move from one page to the next. The number of records per page is determined by the Catalog
Frontend configuration. To learn more, see Product Listings.

Search Results with Pagination Controls

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Weighted Search
Product attributes that are enabled for catalog search can be assigned a weight to give them a
higher value in search results. Attributes with a greater weight are returned before those with a
lower weight. For example, if there are two attributes in the system, color with a search
weight of 3 and description with a search weight of 1. A search for the word red, returns a
list of products with a color attribute value of red, but does not return products with
descriptions that contain the word red. In this example, the color attribute has a greater
weight than the description attribute.

Search Weight

To set the search weight properties of an attribute:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Attributes, choose Product.

2. Find the attribute in the list, and open in edit mode.

3. In the panel on the left, choose Storefront Properties. Then, do the following:

a. To include the attribute in search queries, set Use in Search to Yes.

b. To establish the search value of the attribute, set Search Weight to a number from 1 to 10,
where 10 has the highest priority. If no value is entered, all attributes have a search weight
of 1.

4. When complete, tap Save Attribute button.

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Configuring Catalog Search

Magento uses the fulltext MySQL search engine. By adjusting the Catalog Search configuration,
you can control the size of valid query text.

Catalog Search

To configure catalog search:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Catalog Search section, and do the following:

4. To limit the length and word count of search query text, do the following:

a. Set Minimal Query Length to the minimum number of characters that can be submitted in
a query.

b. Set Maximum Query Length to the maximum number of characters that can be submitted
in a query.

5. Accept the default, Search Engine, MySQL.

6. When complete, tap Save Config.

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 CHAPTER 30:

Search Terms
You can learn what your customers are looking for by examining the search terms they use to
find products in your store. If enough people look for a product that you dont carry, perhaps
its time to add it to your catalog. Meanwhile, rather than have them leave them empty
handed, why not redirect them to another product in your catalog? Here are a few ways you
can leverage customer search terms:

Landing Page
The landing page for a search term can be a content page, a category page, a product detail page, or
even a page on a different site.

Synonyms
One way to improve the effectiveness of catalog search is to include different terms that people may
use to describe the same item. You dont want to lose a sale just because someone is looking for a
sofa, and your product is listed as a couch. You can capture a broader range of search terms by
entering the words, sofa davenport, and loveseat as synonyms for couch, and direct them to the
same landing page.

Misspelled Words
Use search terms to capture common misspellings and redirect them to the appropriate page. For
example, if you sell wrought iron patio furniture, you know that many people misspell the term as rod
iron, or even rot iron. You can enter each misspelled word as a search term, and make them
synonyms for wrought iron. Even though the word is misspelled, the search will be directed to the
page for wrought iron.

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Popular Search Terms

The Search Terms link in the footer of your store displays the search terms used by visitors to
your store, ranked by popularity. Search terms appear in a tag cloud format, where the size of
the text indicates the popularity of the term.

By default, Popular Search Terms is enabled as a search engine optimization tool, but has no
direct connection to the catalog search process. Because the Search Terms page is indexed by
search engines, any terms on the page can help improve your search engine ranking and the
visibility of your store. The URL of the Popular Search Terms page is:
mystore.com/search/term/popular/

Popular Search Terms

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To configure Popular Search Terms:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog.

3. Expand the Search Engine Optimization section.

4. Clear the Use system value checkbox. Then, set Popular Search Terms as needed.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

Search Engine Optimization

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Adding Search Terms

As you learn new words that people use to search for products in your catalog, you can add
them to your search terms list to direct people to the most closely matching products in your
catalog.

Search Terms

To add a new search term:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under SEO&Search, choose Search Terms.

2. Tap Add New Search Term. Then, do the following:

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General Information

a. Under General Information in the Search Query box, type the word or phrase that you
want to add as a new search term.

b. If your store is available in multiple languages, choose the applicable Store view.

c. To redirect the search results to another page in your store, or to another website, enter the
full URL of the target page in the Redirect URL field.

d. If you want this term to be available for use as a suggestion whenever a search returns no
results, set Display in Suggested Terms to Yes.

3. When complete, tap Save Search.

To edit a search term:

1. In the Search Terms grid, click the row of any record to open the search term in edit mode.

2. Make the necessary changes.

3. When complete, tap Save Search.

To delete a search term:

1. In the list, mark the checkbox of the term to be deleted.

2. In the upper-left corner of the list, set Actions to Delete.

3. When complete, tap Submit.

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Search Terms Report

The Search Terms report shows the number of results for each term, and the number of times
(hits) the term was used. The report data can be filtered by term, store, results, and hits, and
exported for further analysis.

To view the search terms report:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Reports. Then under Marketing, choose Search Terms.

2. Use the controls to filter the report as needed.

Search Terms Report

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 CHAPTER 31:

SEO Best Practices

Search engine optimization is the practice of fine-tuning the content and presentation of a site
to improve the way the pages are indexed by search engines. Magento Community 2.1 includes
a number of features to support your ongoing SEO effort.

Commerce Resources
See the latest Magento eBooks to gain access to expert
insight and online business resources to help develop
and improve your store.

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Meta Data
Your store is loaded with places where you can enter keyword-rich meta data to improve the
way search engines index your site. While setting up your store, you might enter preliminary
meta data, with the intention of finishing it later. Over time, you can fine-tune the meta data
to target the buying patterns and preferences of your customers.

Meta Tags
Meta Title
The meta title appears in the title bar and tab of your
browser, and search results listings. The meta title
should be unique to the page, and less than seventy
characters in length.

Meta Keywords
Although some search engines ignore meta keywords,
others continue to use them. The current best practice is
to incorporate high-value keywords in the meta title and
meta description.

Meta Description
Meta descriptions provide a brief overview of the page for
search results listings. Ideally, a meta description should
be between 150-160 characters in length, although the
field will accept up to 255 characters.

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Canonical Meta Tag

The canonical meta tag tells search engines which page
to index when multiple URLs have identical or very
similar content.

Structured Data Markup

Rich Snippets
Rich snippets provide detailed information for search
results listings and other applications. By default,
structured data markup that is based on the schema.org
standard is added to your stores product template. As a
result, more information is available for search engines to
include as rich snippets in product listings.

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Canonical Meta Tag

Some search engines penalize websites that have multiple URLs that point to the same content.
The canonical meta tag tells search engines which page to index when multiple URLs have
identical or very similar content. Using the canonical meta tag can improve your site ranking
and aggregate pageviews. The canonical meta tag is placed in the <head> block of a product or
category page. It provides a link to your preferred URL, so search engines will give it greater
weight.

Example 1: Category Path Creates Duplicate URLs

For example, if your catalog is configured to include the category path in product URLs, your
store will generate multiple URLs that point to the same product page.

http://mystore.com/gear/bags/driven-backpack.html

http://mystore.com/driven-backpack.html

Example 2: Category Page Full URL

When canonical meta tags for categories are enabled, the category page of your store includes a
canonical URL to the full category URL:

http://mystore.com/gear/bags/driven-backpack.html

Example 3: Product Page Full URL

When canonical meta tags for products are enabled, the product page includes a canonical
URL to the domain-name/product-url-key because product URL keys are globally unique.

http://mystore.com/driven-backpack.html

If you also include the category path in product URLs, the canonical URL remains domain-
name/product-url-key. However, the product can also be accessed using its full URL, which
includes the category. For example, if the product URL key is driven-backpack, and is
assigned to the Gear > Bags category, the product can be accessed using either URL.

You can avoid being penalized by search engines by omitting the category from the URL, or by
using the canonical meta tag to direct search engines to index either by product or category. As
a best practice, it is recommended that you enable canonical meta tags for both categories and
products.

To enable the canonical meta tag:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose elect Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog.

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3. Expand the Search Engine Optimization section.

To change any field values, you must first clear the Use system value checkbox after each field.

Search Engine Optimization

4. If want search engines to index only category pages using the full category path, do the
following:

a. Set Use Canonical Link Meta Tag for Categories to Yes.

b. Set Use Canonical Link Meta Tag for Products to No.

5. If you want search engines to index product pages only using the domain-name/product-url-
key format, do the following:

a. Set Use Canonical Link Meta Tag for Products to Yes.

b. Set Use Canonical Link Meta Tag for Categories to No.

6. When complete, tap Save Config .

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Using a Sitemap CHAPTER 31: SEO Best Practices

Using a Sitemap
A sitemap improves the way your store is indexed by search engines, and is specifically
designed to find pages that might be overlooked by web crawlers. A sitemap can be configured
to index all pages and images.

When enabled, Magento creates afile called sitemap.xml that is saved to the root directory of
your installation. The configuration gives you the ability to set the frequency of the updates,
and the priority for each type of content. Your sitemap should be updated as frequently as the
content on your site changes, which might be daily, weekly, or monthly.

While your site is in development, you might include instructions in the robots.txt file for
webcrawlers to avoid indexing the site. Then before the launch, you can change the instructions
to allow the site to be indexed.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Configure and Enable the Sitemap
Step 2: Configure and Enable robots.txt (Optional)
Step 3: Submit Your Sitemap to Search Engines
Step 4: Restore the Previous Robot Instructions (Optional)

Step 1: Configure and Enable the Sitemap

Complete the XMLSitemap configuration to determine what is included, and how frequently
the sitemap is updated.

Step 2: Configure and Enable robots.txt (Optional)

Complete the Search Engine Robots configuration with instructions that direct search engines
to crawl the parts of your site that you want to be indexed.

Step 3: Submit Your Sitemap to Search Engines

You can submit your sitemap to different search engines by providing them a link to the
sitemap.xml file in the root of your Magento installation. For more information, see the
instructions for the specific search engine. Here are links to instructions for two top search
engines:

l Google
l Microsoft Bing

Step 4: Restore Previous Robot Instructions (Optional)

You can now restore either the original, or default restrictions.

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Sitemap Configuration
Your sitemap should be updated as frequently as the content on your site changes, which could
be on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis. The configuration lets you set the frequency and
priority for each type of content.

Step 1: Set the Frequency and Priority of Content Updates

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose XML Sitemap.

3. Expand the Categories Options section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Frequency to one of the following:

l Always
l Hourly
l Daily
l Weekly
l Monthly
l Yearly
l Never

b. In the Priority field, enter a value between 0.0 and 1.0. Zero has the lowest priority.

Categories Options

4. Click to expand the Products Options section. Then, complete the Frequency and Priority
settings as needed.

5. To determine the extent that images are included in the sitemap, set Add Images into Sitemap
to one of the following:

l None
l Base Only
l All

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Products Options

6. Click to expand the CMS Pages Options section. Then, complete the Frequency and Priority
settings as needed.

CMS Pages Options

7. When complete, tap Save Config.

Step 2: Complete the Generation Settings

1. Expand the Generation Settings section.

Generation Settings

2. To generate a sitemap, set Enabled to Yes. Then, do the following:

a. Set Start Time to the hour, minute and second that you want the sitemap to be updated.

b. Set Frequency to one of the following:

l Daily
l Weekly
l Monthly

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c. In the Error Email Recipient field, enter the email address of the person who is to receive
notification if an error occurs during a sitemap update.

d. Set Error Email Sender to the store contact who appears as the sender of the error
notification.

e. Set Error Email Template to the template used for the error notification.

Step 3: Set the Sitemap File Limits

1. Expand the Sitemap File Limits section. Then, do the following:

a. In the Maximum No of URLs per File field, enter the maximum number of URLs that can
be included in the sitemap. By default, the limit is 50,000.

b. In the Maximum File Size field, enter the largest size in bytes that is allocated for the
sitemap. The default size is 10,485,760 bytes.

Sitemap File Limits

Step 4: Set the Search Engine Submission Settings

1. Expand the Search Engine Submission Settings section.

2. If using a robots.txt file to provide instructions to search engines that crawl your site, set
Enable Submission to Robots.txt to Yes.

Search Engine Submission Settings

3. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Search Engine Robots

The Magento configuration includes settings to generate and manage instructions for web
crawlers and bots that index your site. The instructions are saved in a file called robots.txt
that resides in the root of your Magento installation. The instructions are directives that are
recognized and followed by most search engines.

By default, the robots.txt file that is generated by Magento contains instructions for web
crawler to avoid indexing certain parts of the site that contain files that are used internally by
the system. You can use the default settings, or define your own custom instructions for all, or
for specific search engines. There are many articles online that explore the subject in detail.

Example: Custom Instructions

Allows Full Access

User-agent:*
Disallow:

Disallows Access to All Folders

User-agent:*
Disallow: /

Default Instructions

Disallow: /lib/

Disallow: /*.php$

Disallow: /pkginfo/

Disallow: /report/

Disallow: /var/

Disallow: /catalog/

Disallow: /customer/

Disallow: /sendfriend/

Disallow: /review/

Disallow: /*SID=

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Search Engine Robots

To configure robots.txt:
1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose Design.

3. Expand the Search Engine Robots section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Default Robots to one of the following:

INDEX, FOLLOW Instructs web crawlers to index the site and to check back
later for changes.

NOINDEX, FOLLOW Instructs web crawlers to avoid indexing the site, but to
check back later or changes.

INDEX, NOFOLLOW Instructs web crawlers to index the site once, but to not
check back later for changes.

NOINDEX, NOFOLLOW Instructs web crawlers to avoid indexing the site, and to not
check back later for changes.

b. If needed, enter custom instructions into the Edit Custom instruction of robots.txt file
box: For example, while a site is in development, you might want to disallow access to all
folders.

c. To restore the default instructions, tap Reset to Default.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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 CHAPTER 32:

URL Rewrites
The URL Rewrite tool lets you change any URL that is associated with a product, category, or
CMS page. When the rewrite goes into effect, any links that point to the previous URL are
redirected to the new address.

The terms rewrite and redirect are often used interchangeably, but refer to slightly different
processes. A URL rewrite changes the way a URL appears in the browser. A URL redirect, on
the other hand, updates the URL that is stored on the server. A URL redirect can be either
temporary or permanent. Your store uses URLrewrites and redirects to make it easy for you to
change the URL key of a product, category, or page and preserve existing links.

By default, automatic URLredirects are enabled for your store. The "Create Permanent Redirect
for old URL" checkbox is marked under the URLkey field of each product.

Create Permanent Redirect for Old URL

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URL Rewrite Configuration

URLrewrites make it possible to make existing URLs more search engine friendly and also
easier for humans to read. Enabling Web Server Apache Rewrites is part of the initial Magento
setup. Magento routinely uses URLrewrites to remove the file name index.php that normally
appears in the URLjust after the root folder. When Web Server Rewrites are enabled, the
system rewrites each URLto omit index.php. The rewrite removes words that convey nothing
of value to search engines or customers, and has no impact on performance or site rank.
URL without Web Server Rewrite

http://www.yourdomain.com/magento/index.php/storeview/url-identifier

URL with Web Server Rewrite

http://www.yourdomain.com/magento/storeview/url-identifier

To configure URL rewrites:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose Web.

3. Expand the Search Engine Optimization section.

Search Engine Optimization

4. Set Use Web Server Rewrites to your preference.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Automatic Redirects
Your store can be configured to automatically generate a permanent redirect whenever the URL
key of a product or category changes. In the Search Engine Optimization section, the checkbox
below the URL key indicates if permanent redirects are enabled. If your store is already
configured to automatically redirect catalog URLs, making a redirect is as easy as updating the
URL key. The process to create an automatic redirect is the same for both products and
categories.

Create Permanent Redirect for Old URL

To set up automatic redirects:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Catalog, select Catalog.

3. Expand the Search Engine Optimization section.

4. Set Create Permanent Redirect for URLs if URL Key Changed to Yes.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

Search Engine Optimization

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To automatically redirect product URLs:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

2. Find the product in the list, and click to open the record.

3. Expand the Search Engine Optimization section. Then in the URL Key field, do the
following:

a. Make sure that the Create Permanent Redirect for old URL checkbox is selected. If not,
follow the instructions to enable automatic redirects.

b. Update the URL Key as needed, using all lowercase characters and hyphens instead of
spaces.

4. When complete, tap Save.

5. When prompted to refresh the cache, follow the links in the message at the top of the
workspace. The permanent redirect is now in effect for the product and any associated category
URLs.

To automatically redirect category URLs:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Categories.

2. Find the category in the tree, and click to open the record.

3. Expand the Search Engine Optimization section. Then in the URL Key field, do the
following:

a. Make sure that the Create Permanent Redirect for old URL checkbox is selected. If not,
follow the instructions to enable automatic redirects.

b. Update the URL Key as needed, using all lowercase characters and hyphens instead of
spaces.

4. When complete, tap Save.

5. When prompted to refresh the cache, follow the links in the message at the top of the
workspace. The permanent redirect is now in effect for the category and any associated product
URLs.

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Creating URL Rewrites

The URL Rewrite tool can be used to create product and category rewrites, and custom rewrites
for any page in your store. When the rewrite goes into effect, any existing links that point to the
previous URL are seamlessly redirected to the new address.

URL rewrites can be used to add high-value keywords to improve the way the product is
indexed by search engines. You can also use rewrites to create additional URLs for a temporary
seasonal change, or permanent change. Rewrites can be created for any valid path, including
CMS content pages. Internally, the system always references products and categories by their
ID. No matter how often the URL changes, the ID remains the same. Here are some ways you
can use URL rewrites:
System URL

http://www.example.com/catalog/category/id/6

Original URL

http://www.example.com/peripherals/keyboard.html

Redirected Product URL

http://www.example.com/ergonomic-keyboard.html

Additional Category URLs

http://www.example.com/all-on-sale.html

http://www.example.com/save-now/spring-sale

URL Rewrites

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Product Rewrites
Before you begin, make sure that you understand exactly what the redirect is to accomplish.
Think in terms of "target" and "original request," or "redirect to" and "redirect from." Although
people might still navigate to the former page from search engines or outdated links, the
redirect causes your store to switch to the new target.

If automatic redirects are enabled for your store, there is no need to create a rewrite when a
product URL Key is changed.

Add URL Rewrite for Product

Process Overview:
Step 1. Plan the Rewrite
Step 2: Create the Rewrite
Step 3. Test the Result

Step 1: Plan the Rewrite

1. To avoid mistakes, write down the "redirect to" path and "redirect from" path. The path
includes the URLKey and suffix, if applicable.

If you're not sure, open each product page in your store, and copy the path from the address
bar of your browser. When creating a product redirect, you can either include or exclude the
category path. For this example, we create a product redirect without a category path.

Product with Category Path

Redirect to: gear/bags/impulse-duffle.html

Redirect from: gear/bags/overnight-duffle.html

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Product without Category Path

Redirect to: impulse-duffle.html

Redirect from: overnight-duffle.html

Step 2: Create the Rewrite

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under Search & SEO, choose URLRewrites.

2. Before you proceed, do the following to verify that the "request path" is available.

a. In the search filter at the top of the Request Path column, enter the URL key of the page
that is to be redirected. Then, tap Search.

b. If there are multiple redirect records for the page, find the one that matches the applicable
store view. Then, open the redirect record in edit mode.

c. In the upper-right corner, tap Delete. When prompted, tap OK to confirm.

3. In the upper-right corner of the URLRewrites page, tap Add URL Rewrite.

4. When you return to the URLRewrites page, tap Add URL Rewrite.

5. Set Create URL Rewrite to For product.

6. In the grid, find the product that is the targetor destinationof the redirect. Then, click the
row.

Add URL Rewrite for a Product

7. Below the category tree, tap Skip Category Selection. For this example, the redirect does not
include a category.

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Skip Category Selection

The Add URLRewrite for a Product page displays a link to the target in the upper-left corner,
and the Target Path field displays the system version of the path, which cannot be changed.
Initially, the Redirect Path field also displays the target path.

a. If you have multiple store views, set Store to the view where the rewrite applies Otherwise,
a rewrite will be created for each view.

b. In the Request Path field, type over the default entry, and enter the URLkey and suffixif
applicableof the original product request. This is the "Redirect from" product that you
identified in the planning step.

The Request Path must be unique for the specified store. If there is already a redirect that uses
the same Request Path, you will receive an error when you try to save the redirect. The
previous redirect must be deleted before you can create a new one.

c. Set Redirect Type to one of the following:

l Temporary (302)
l Permanent (301)

d. For your own reference, enter a brief Description of the rewrite.

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URLRewrite Information

8. Before saving the redirect, review the following:

l The link in the upper-left corner displays the name of the target product.
l The Request Path contains the path for the original "redirect from" product.

9. When complete, tap Save.

The new product rewrite now appears at the top of the URL Rewrites grid.

URL Rewrite Saved

Step 3: Test the Result

1. Go to the home page of your store.

2. Do one of the following:

l Navigate to the original "redirect from" product request page.

l In the address bar of the browser, enter the path to the original "redirect from" product
immediately after the store URL. Then, press Enter.

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The new target product appears instead of the original product request.

Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION
Create URL Rewrite Indicates the type of rewrite. The type cannot be changed after the
rewrite is created. Options:
Custom
For category
For product
For CMS page

Request Path The product that is to be redirected. Depending on your configuration,

the Request Path might include the .html or .htm suffix, and
category.
The Request Path must be unique, and cannot be in use by another
redirect. If you receive an error that the Request Path already exists,
delete the existing redirect, and try again.

Target Path The internal path that is used by the system to point to the destination
of the redirect. The target path is grayed out and cannot be edited.

Redirect Determines the type of redirect. Options :

No No redirect is specified.
Many operations create redirect
requests of this type. For example,
every time you add products to a
category, a redirect of the "No" type
is created each store view.

Temporary (302) Indicates to search engines that the

rewrite is for a limited time. Search
engines generally do not retain page
rank information for temporary
rewrites.

Permanent (301) Indicates to search engines that the

rewrite is permanent. Search engines
generally retain page rank
information for permanent rewrites.

Description Describes the purpose of the rewrite for internal reference.

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Category Rewrites
If a category is removed from your catalog, you can use a category rewrite to redirect links to
the URL of another category in your store. Think in terms of "target" and "original request," or
"redirect to" and "redirect from." Although people might still navigate to the former page from
search engines or outdated links, the redirect causes your store to switch to the new target.

If automatic redirects are enabled for your store, there is no need to create a rewrite when a
category URL Key is changed.

URL Rewrite for Category

Process Overview:
Step 1: Plan the Rewrite
Step 2: Create the Rewrite
Step 3: Test the Result

Step 1: Plan the Rewrite

1. To avoid mistakes, write down the "redirect to" path and "redirect from" path. The paths
should include the URLKey and suffix, if applicable.

If you're not sure, open each category page in your store, and copy the path from the address
bar of your browser.
Category Path
Redirect to: gear/backpacks-and-bags.html

Redirect from: gear/bags.html

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Step 2: Create the Rewrite

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under SEO & Search, choose URL Rewrites.

2. Before you proceed, do the following to verify that the "request path" is available,

a. In the search filter at the top of the Request Path column, enter the URL key of the
category that is to be redirected. Then, tap Search.

b. If there are multiple redirect records for the page, find the one that matches the applicable
store view. Then, open the redirect record in edit mode.

c. In the upper-right corner, tap Delete. When prompted, tap OK to confirm.

3. When you return to the URLRewrites page, tap Add URL Rewrite.

4. Set Create URL Rewrite to For category. Then in the category tree, choose the target category
that is the destination of the redirect.

Category Tree

5. In the URL Rewrite section, do the following:

a. If you have multiple stores, select the Store where the rewrite applies.

b. In the Request Path field, enter the URLkey of the category that the customer requests.
This is the "redirect from" category.

The Request Path must be unique for the specified store. If there is already a redirect that uses
the same Request Path, you will receive an error when you try to save the redirect. The
previous redirect must be deleted before you can create a new one.

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c. Set Redirectto one of the following:

l Temporary (302)
l Permanent (301)

d. For your reference, enter a brief description of the rewrite.

Category Rewrite Information

6. Before saving the redirect, review the following:

l The link in the upper-left corner displays the name of the target category.
l The Request Path contains the path for the original "redirect from" category.

7. When complete, tap Save button.

The new category rewrite appears at the top of the URL Rewrites grid.

New Category Rewrite

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Step 3: Test the Result

1. Go to the home page of your store.

2. Do one of the following:

l Navigate to the original "redirect from" category.

l In the address bar of the browser, enter the path to the original "redirect from" category
immediately after the store URL. Then, press Enter.

The new target category appears instead of the original category request.

Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION
Create URL Rewrite Indicates the type of rewrite. The type cannot be changed after the
rewrite is created. Options:
Custom
For category
For product
For CMS page

Request Path The category that is to be redirected. Depending on your

configuration, the Request Path might include the .html or .htm
suffix, and parent category.
The Request Path must be unique, and cannot be in use by another
redirect. If you receive an error that the Request Path already exists,
delete the existing redirect, and try again.

Target Path The internal path that is used by the system to point to the destination
of the redirect. The target path is grayed out and cannot be edited.

Redirect Determines the type of redirect. Options :

No No redirect is specified.
Many operations create redirect
requests of this type. For example,
every time you add products to a
category, a redirect of the "No" type
is created each store view.

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Field Descriptions (cont.)

FIELD DESCRIPTION

Temporary (302) Indicates to search engines that the

rewrite is for a limited time. Search
engines generally do not retain page
rank information for temporary
rewrites.

Permanent (301) Indicates to search engines that the

rewrite is permanent. Search engines
generally retain page rank
information for permanent rewrites.

Description Describes the purpose of the rewrite for internal reference.

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CMS Page Rewrites

Before you begin, make sure that you understand exactly what the redirect is to accomplish.
Think in terms of "target" and "source," or "redirect to" and "redirect from." Although people
might still navigate to the former page from search engines or outdated links, the redirect
causes your store to switch to the new target.

Add URL Rewrite

Process Overview:
Step 1: Plan the Rewrite
Step 2: Create the Rewrite
Step 3: Test the Result

Step 1: Plan the Rewrite

1. To avoid mistakes, write down the URL key of the "redirect to" page and "redirect from" page.

If you're not sure, open each page in your store, and copy the path from the address bar of your
browser.

CMS Page Path

Redirect to: new-page

Redirect from: old-page

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Step 2: Create the Rewrite

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under SEO & Search, choose URL Rewrites.

2. Before you proceed, do the following to verify that the "request path" is available.

a. In the search filter at the top of the Request Path column, enter the URL key of the page
that is to be redirected. Then, tap Search.

b. If there are multiple redirect records for the page, find the one that matches the applicable
store view. Then, open the redirect record in edit mode.

c. In the upper-right corner, tap Delete. When prompted, tap OK to confirm.

3. When you return to the URLRewrites page, tap Add URL Rewrite.

4. Set Create URL Rewrite to for CMS page.

5. Find your new target page in the grid, and open in edit mode.

Custom URL Rewrite

6. Under URL Rewrite Information, do the following:

a. If you have multiple store views, select the Store where the rewrite applies.

b. In the Request Path field, enter the URLkey of the original page that the customer
requests. This is the "redirect from" page.

The Request Path must be unique for the specified store. If there is already a redirect that uses
the same Request Path, you will receive an error when you try to save the redirect. The
previous redirect must be deleted before you can create a new one.

c. Set Redirectto one of the following:

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l Temporary (302)
l Permanent (301)

d. For your reference, enter a brief description of the rewrite.

Custom URL Rewrite

7. Before saving the redirect, review the following:

l The link in the upper-left corner displays the name of the target page.
l The Request Path contains the path for the original "redirect from" page.

8. When complete, tap Save.

The new rewrite appears in the grid at the top of the list.

Saved URLRewrite

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Step 3: Test the Result

1. Go to the home page of your store.

2. Do one of the following:

l Navigate to the original "redirect from" page.

l In the address bar of the browser, enter the name of the original "redirect from" page
immediately after the store URL. Then, press Enter.

The new target page appears instead of the original page request.

Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION
Create URL Rewrite Indicates the type of rewrite. The type cannot be changed after the
rewrite is created. Options:
Custom
For category
For product
For CMS page

Request Path The CMS page that is to be redirected.

The Request Path must be unique, and cannot be in use by another
redirect. If you receive an error message that the Request Path
already exists, delete the existing redirect, and try again.

Target Path The internal path that is used by the system to point to the
destination. The target path is grayed out and cannot be edited.

Redirect Determines the type of redirect. Options :

No No redirect is specified.

Temporary (302) Indicates to search engines that the

rewrite is for a limited time. Search
engines generally do not retain page
rank information for temporary
rewrites.

Permanent (301) Indicates to search engines that the

rewrite is permanent. Search engines
generally retain page rank
information for permanent rewrites.

Description Describes the purpose of the rewrite for internal reference.

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Custom Rewrites
A custom rewrite can be used to manage miscellaneous redirects, such as redirecting a page
from your store to an external website. For example, you might have two Magento websites,
each with their own domain. You can use a custom redirect to reroute requests for a product,
category, or page to the other website. Unlike other redirect types, the target of a custom
redirect is not chosen from a list of existing pages in your store.

Before you begin, make sure that you understand exactly what the redirect is to accomplish.
Think in terms of "target" and "original request," or "redirect to" and "redirect from." Although
people might still navigate to the former page from search engines or outdated links, the
redirect causes your store to switch to the new target.

Add URL Rewrite

Process Overview:
Step 1: Plan the Rewrite
Step 2: Create the Rewrite
Step 3: Test the Result

Step 1: Plan the Rewrite

1. To avoid mistakes, write down the URL of the "redirect to" page, and the URL key of the
"redirect from" page.

If you're not sure, open each page, and copy the URL from the address bar of your browser.
Custom Path
Redirect to: http://www.different-website.com/page.html

Redirect from: cms-page

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category.html

category/subcategory.html

product.html

category/product.html

Step 2: Create the Rewrite

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Marketing. Then under SEO & Search, choose URL Rewrites.

2. Before you proceed, do the following to verify that the "request path" is available:

a. In the search filter at the top of the Request Path column, enter the URL key of the page
that is to be redirected. Then, tap Search.

b. If there are multiple redirect records for the page, find the one that matches the applicable
store view. Then, open the redirect record in edit mode.

c. In the upper-right corner, tap Delete. When prompted, tap OK to confirm.

3. When you return to the URLRewrites page, tap Add URL Rewrite.

4. Set Create URL Rewrite to Custom.

5. Under URL Rewrite Information, do the following:

a. If you have multiple store views, select the Store where the rewrite applies.

b. In the Request Path field, enter the URLkey and pathif applicableof the product,
category, or CMS page that is to be redirected.

The Request Path must be unique for the specified store. If there is already a redirect that uses
the same Request Path, you will receive an error when you try to save the redirect. The
previous redirect must be deleted before you can create a new one.

c. In the Target Path field, enter the URL of the destination. If the target is located on
another website, enter the fully qualified URL.

d. Set Redirectto one of the following:

l Temporary (302)
l Permanent (301)

e. For your reference, enter a brief description of the rewrite.

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Custom URL Rewrite

6. Before saving the redirect, review the following:

l The Request Path contains the URLkey or path of the original "redirect from" page.
l The Target Path contains the URL of the "redirect to" page.

7. When complete, tap Save.

The new rewrite appears in the grid at the top of the list.

Saved URLRewrite

Step 3: Test the Result

1. Go to the home page of your store.

2. Do one of the following:

l Navigate to the original "redirect from" page.

l In the address bar of the browser, enter the name of the original "redirect from" page
immediately after the store URL. Then, press Enter.

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The new target pageappears instead of the original page request.

Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION
Create URL Rewrite Indicates the type of rewrite. The type cannot be changed after the
rewrite is created. Options:
Custom
For category
For product
For CMS page

Request Path The path to the product, category, or CMS page that is to be
redirected. Depending on your configuration, the Request Path might
include the .html or .htm suffix.
The Request Path must be unique, and cannot be in use by another
redirect. If you receive an error that the Request Path already exists,
delete the existing redirect, and try again.

Target Path The path or URL that is the destination of the redirect.

Redirect Determines the type of redirect. Options :

No No redirect is specified.
Many operations create redirect
requests of this type. For example,
every time you add products to a
category, a redirect of the "No" type
is created each store view.

Temporary (302) Indicates to search engines that the

rewrite is for a limited time. Search
engines generally do not retain page
rank information for temporary
rewrites.

Permanent (301) Indicates to search engines that the

rewrite is permanent. Search engines
generally retain page rank
information for permanent rewrites.

Description Describes the purpose of the rewrite for internal reference.

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Google Tools
Your store configuration is integrated with the following Google tools to help optimize your
content, analyze your traffic, and connect your catalog to shopping aggregators and
marketplaces.

l Google Analytics
l Google Adwords

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Google Analytics
Google Universal Analytics gives you the ability to define additional custom dimensions and
metrics for tracking, with support for offline and mobile app interactions, and access to
ongoing updates.

Google Analytics

Process Overview:
Step 1: Sign Up for Google Universal Analytics
Step 2: Complete the Magento Configuration

Step 1: Sign Up for Google Universal Analytics

Visit the Google website, and sign up for a Google Universal Analytics account.

Step 2: Complete the Magento Configuration

1. Return to your store, and log in to the Admin. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under
Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Sales, choose Google API.

3. Expand the Google Analytics section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Enable to Yes.

b. Enter your Google Analytics Account Number.

c. If you want to conduct A/B testing and other performance tests on your content, set
Content Experiments to Yes.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Google AdWords
Google AdWords is a service that you can use to place ads in Google Search results and on the
pages of companies in the Google Display Network. The AdWords dashboard includes tools to
manage your campaigns, track response, and measure results.

Conversion tracking shows how many ad clicks lead to a sale or other valuable action. The
"Success" page that appears to your customer after an order has been submitted is used to track
conversions because it appears only after a sale. After completing the Google AdWords
configuration for your store, there is no need to copy the conversion tracking script to the
"Success" page, because Magento already has the necessary information. To learn more, see
Google AdWorlds Help.

Magento Ad in Google Search Results

Step 1: Create a Google AdWords Campaign

1. Visit Google AdWords, and sign up for an account.

2. Follow the instructions to create a campaign.

3. To set up conversion tracking for your campaign, do the following:

a. On the Tools tab of your AdWords dashboard, choose Conversions. Then, tap
Conversion.

b. When prompted for the conversion source, choose Website

c. Enter a name for the conversion action that you want to track. Then, tap Done.

d. Click Value. Then if applicable, assign a value to the conversion. For example,

l If you make $5 on each sale, choose "Each time it happens,"and assign a value of $5.
l If the value of each sale varies, leave the value blank.

Then, tap Done.

e. Tap Conversion windows, and complete the settings to determine how long the conversions
are to be tracked, the reporting category, and attribution model.

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4. When complete, tap Save and Continue.

Step 2: Get Your Conversion Tag

1. Under Install your tag, choose to count conversions on Page load.

2. As an option, you can add the Google Site Stats notification to the conversion page. The
notification appears in the lower corner with a link to Google's security standards and cookie
usage.

3. To choose how you want to manage the your AdWords tag, do one of the following:

l If you plan to add the script to your store yourself, choose Save instructions and tag.
l If you plan to have someone else add the script to your store , choose Email instructions
and tag.

4. When complete, tap Done.

Step 3:Configure Your Store

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. If configuring Google AdWords tor a specific store view, do the following:

a. In the upper-left corner, choose the Store View that is to be configured.

b. When prompted to confirm scope switching, tap OK.

3. In the panel on the left, under Sales, choose Google API. Then, expand the Google
AdWords section and do the following:

a. If necessary, clear the Use Website checkbox for each setting to be changed.

b. Set Enable to Yes.:

c. Enter the Conversion ID from your Google AdWords script.

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Google AdWords

4. To format the Google Sites Stat notification, do the following:

a. Set Conversion Language to the language that is identified in your Google AdWords
script.

b. Enter the Conversion Format to be used for the Google Sites Stat notification on the
conversion page.

1 Displays a one-line notification with a link to more information about Google

tracking.

2 Displays a two-line notification with a link to more information about Google

tracking.

3 Displays no customer notification.

c. Enter the hexadecimal code for the Conversion Color that you want to use for the Google
Site Stats notification label.

d. Enter the encrypted text for the Conversion Label that appears on the Google Sites Stat
notification.

For example: MlEYCOKBnGoQz6CZoAM

Sample Google AdWords Tag Code

<!-- Google Code for Back to School Sale Conversion Page -->

<script type="text/javascript">

/* <![CDATA[ */
var google_conversion_id = 999999999;

var google_conversion_language = "en";

var google_conversion_format = "3";

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var google_conversion_color = "ffffff";

var google_conversion_label = "MlEYCOKBnGoQz6CZoAM";

var google_remarketing_only = false;

/* ]]> */
</script>

<script type="text/javascript"
src="//www.googleadservices.com/pagead/conversion.js">

</script>

<noscript>

<div style="display:inline;">
<img height="1" width="1" style="border-style:none;" alt=""
src="//www.googleadservices.com/pagead/conversion/872829007/?label=MlEYCOK
BnGoQz6CZoAM&amp;guid=ON&amp;script=0"/>

</div>
</noscript>

5. Set Conversion Value Type to one of the following:

Dynamic Determines that a conversion has occurred based on the dynamic Order
Amount value.

Constant Determines that a conversion has occurred based on a specific value

entered.

For a Constant conversion value type, enter a specific Value for the Order Amount to qualify as
a conversion.

6. When complete, tap Save Config.

Step 4: Verify the Configuration

Within a few hours, the tracking status in your Google AdWords dashboard changes from
"Unverified" to "No recent conversions" or "Recording conversions." When someone clicks your
ad and makes a purchase, the conversion appears on the Conversion Actions page of your
dashboard and campaign report.

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CONTENT

529
 Content Elements
In this section of the guide, youll learn how to Content Menu
create and manage content pages and blocks,
and use variables and widgets to add dynamic Pages
content. Core Content Pages
Workspace Controls
Adding a New Page
Using the Editor
Inserting a Link
Inserting an Image
Inserting a Widget
Inserting a Variable
Configuring the Editor
Adding a Lightbox or Slider
Using Media Storage

Blocks
Adding a New Block
Adding Social Plugins
Positioning Blocks on a Page

Widgets
Widget Types
Creating a Widget
New Products List

Design & Theme

530
 CHAPTER 34:

Content Menu
The term content marketing1 refers to the art of promoting your products or services by
providing valuable information to your customers at no charge. The quality of your content
helps distinguish your store from others, increases your visibility to search engines, and
provides support to your customers. This soft-sell approach is often more effective than
advertising, builds credibility and trust, and can turn your store into a destination. Content is
still king.

Your content should reflect the branding of your store, and be delivered with your distinctive
visual presentation and voice to convey your message. Use pictures to tell a story. Educate,
inspire, and entertain. Keep in mind that with quality content, sometimes less is more.

Content Menu

To display the Content menu:

On the Admin sidebar, tap Content .

1The art of promoting products or services by providing valuable information at no charge.

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Menu Options
Pages
Create pages with text, images, blocks, variables, and
widgets, that can be incorporated into the navigation of
your store, and linked to other pages.

Blocks
Create blocks of content without writing any code.
Blocks can contain text, images, and even video, and
can be assigned to any part of the page layout.

Widgets

Display dynamic data and add blocks, links, and

interactive elements most anywhere in your store.

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Design
Learn to manage the visual presentation of your store,
apply themes, and schedule design changes.

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Pages
All content can be viewed in terms of its shelf life, just as any product in a store. Did you know
that the shelf life of social media content is less than twenty-four hours? The potential shelf life
of the content you create can help you decide where to invest your resources.

Content with a long shelf life is sometimes referred to as evergreen content1. Examples of
evergreen content include customer success stories, "how to" instructions, and Frequently
Asked Questions (FAQ.) In contrast, content is perishable by nature includes events, industry
news, and press releases.

1Content that has a long shelf life.

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Core Content
The Magento demo store has examples of core content pages to help you get started. Take a
look at the following pages in your store, to make sure that the content conveys your message,
voice, and brand.

Content Pages
Home
The demo Home page includes a banner, an image
carousel, several static blocks with links, and a list of
new products.

About Us
The About Us page is linked from the footer of your
store. You can include images, video, links to press
releases and announcements. The sample page has an
image on the right, and one of a decorative sort to
indicate the end of the page.

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Customer Service
The Customer Service page is another node in the
page hierarchy. The two headers on the page have
content that only becomes visible when the header is
clicked.

Privacy Policy
Your stores Privacy Policy page should be updated
with your own information. As a best practice, your
privacy policy should explain to your customers the
type of information that your company collects and
how it is used.

404 Not Found

The 404 Page Not Found page is named for the
response code that is returned when a page cannot be
found. URLredirects reduce the number of times that
this page appears. However, for those times when it is
necessary, you might as well take advantage of the
opportunity to offer some links to products that the
customer might find interesting.

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Enable Cookies
The Enable Cookies page appears when visitors to
your site do not have cookies enabled in their
browsers. The page provides step-by-step, illustrated
instructions to enable cookies for the most popular
browsers.

Service Unavailable
The 503 Service Unavailable" page is named for the
response code that is returned when the server is
unavailable.

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Default Pages
The Default Pages configuration determines the landing page that is associated with the base
URL, and the corresponding home page. It also determines which page appears when a Page
Not Found error occurs, and if a breadcrumb trail appears at the top of each page.

To configure the default pages:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose Web.

3. Expand the Default Pages section. Then, do the following:

Default Pages

a. In the Default Web URL field, enter the relative path to the folder in the Magento
installation that contains the landing page. The default value is cms.

For a specific store view, clear the Use Default checkbox next to the Default Web URL field,
and any other default fields to be changed.

b. Set CMSHome Page to the CMS page to be used as the home page.

c. In the Default No-route URL field, enter the relative path to the folder in the Magento
installation where the page is redirected when a 404 Page Not Found error occurs. The
default value is cms/index/noRoute.

d. Set CMS No Route Page to the CMS page that appears when a 404 Page Not Found
error occurs.

e. Set CMS No Cookies Page to the CMS page that appears when cookies are disabled in the
browser.

f. If you want a breadcrumb trail to appear at the top of all CMS pages, set Show
Breadcrumbs for CMS Pages to Yes.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Workspace Controls
The page workspace includes tools to help you quickly find the pages you need, and commands
to perform routine maintenance on individual or multiple pages. You can also quickly update
page properties from the grid.

Pages Grid

To quickly update page properties:

1. Click any row in the grid. To select multiple records, mark the checkbox of each row that you
want to update.

Update Page Properties

2. Update any of the following properties:

l Title
l URL Key
l Status
l Layout

3. When complete, tap Save.

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Workspace Controls
CONTROL DESCRIPTION

Add New Page Adds a new page.

Search Initiates a catalog search based on the current filters.

Actions Lists all actions that can be applied to selected items in the list. To
apply an action to a page, or to multiple pages, mark the checkbox in
the first column of each record that is subject to the action. Options:
Delete
Disable
Enable
Edit

Select The control in the header of the first column can be used to select
multiple records as the target of action. Mark the checkbox in the first
column of each record that you want to select. Options: Select All /
Deselect All

Save Edits Applies the current action to selected records.

Edit Opens the record in edit mode. You can accomplish the same thing
by clicking anywhere on the row.

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Columns
COLUMN DESCRIPTION
Select The checkbox in the first column is used to select multiple records:
Options:
Select All
Deselect All

ID The ID is an incrementing number that is assigned to each page.

Title The page title appears at the top of each page.

URLKey The URLkey is similar to a file name, and identifies the page in the
URL.

Layout Determines if the page appears with sidebars to the right or left of the
main content area. Options:
1 column
2 columns with left bar
2 columns with right bar
3 columns
Empty

Store View Can be used to associate the page with a specific store view.

Status Indicates if the page is currently online or offline. Options:Enabled /

Disabled

Created The date the page was created.

Modified The data the page was last modified.

Action The actions that can be applied to an individual record include:

Edit Opens the page in edit mode.

Delete Deletes the page.

View Displays the page in preview mode.

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Page Search
The Search box in the upper-left of the page grid can be used to find specific pages by keyword.
For a more advanced search, you can filter the search by multiple parameters.

Keyword Search Results

To search by keyword:

1. Enter a search term into the page search box.

2. Tap Search ( ) to display the results. The results include all pages that contain the keyword.

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To filter search:

1. If necessary, click Clear All to clear the previous search criteria.

2. Tap the Filters ( ) tab to display the selection of search filters.

3. Complete as many of the filters as necessary to describe the page(s) that you want to find.

4. Tap Apply Filters to display the results.

Filtered Search

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Search Filters
FILTER DESCRIPTION
ID Filter the search by page record ID.

Title Filter the search based on the page title.

URLKey Filter the search by the URL Key.

Created Filter the search by the date the page was created.

Modified Filter the search based on the date the page was last modified.

Store View Filter the search based on store view. Options: (All available Store
Views)

Layout Filter the search based on page layout. Options:

1 column
2 columns with left bar
2 columns with right bar
3 columns
Empty

Status Filter the search on the page status. Options:Disables / Published

Apply Filters Applies all filters to the search.

Cancel Cancels the current search.

Clear All Clears all search filters.

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Page Actions
Pages can be edited, disabled, enabled, and deleted. To apply an action to an individual page,
mark the checkbox in the first column. To select or deselect all pages, use the mass actions
control at the top of the column.

Page Actions

To apply an action:
The Action column on the far right can be used to apply any of the following actions to the
individual page:

l Edit
l Delete
l View

Single Page Actions

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Page Grid Layout

The selection of columns and their order in the grid can be changed according to your
preference. To keep the new column arrangement, you can save it as a view.

Moving a Column

To change the selection of columns:

In the upper-right corner, tap the Columns ( ) control. Then, do the following:

l Mark the checkbox of any column you want to add to the grid.
l Clear the checkbox of any column you want to remove from the grid.

To move a column:

1. Tap the header of the column, and hold.

2. Drag the column to the new position, and release.

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To save a view:

1. Tap the View ( ) control. Then, tap Save Current View.

Save Current View

2. Enter a name for the view. Then, click the arrow ( ) to save all changes. The name of the view
now appears as the current view.

To change the view:

Tap the View ( ) control. Then, do one of the following:

l Choose the view that you want to use.

l To change the name of a view, tap the Edit ( ) icon. Then, update the name.

Choose a View

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Adding a New Page

The process of adding a new content page to your store is essentially the same for any type of
page you might want to create. You can include text, images, blocks of content, variables, and
widgets. Most content pages are designed to be read by search engines first, and by people
second. Keep the needs of each of these two very different audiences in mind when choosing the
page title, and URL, and when composing the meta data, and content.

The following instructions walk you through each step to create a basic page. Some advanced
features are skipped over, but are covered in other topics.

Pages

Process Overview:
Step 1: Add a New Page
Step 2: Complete the Content
Step 3: Complete the SEO Information
Step 4: Define the Scope
Step 5:Make Design Changes (Optional)
Step 6:Preview the Page
Step 7: Publish the Page

Step 1: Add a New Page

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Elements, choose Pages.

2. Tap Add New Page.

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New Page

3. On the new page, do the following:

a. By default, a new page is published when the record is saved. If you do not want to
publish the page immediately, set Enable Page to "No."

b. Enter the Page Title. The Page Title is the name that appears in the breadcrumb trail
navigation.

4. To schedule design changes, expand the Custom Design Update section. Then, do the
following:

a. Use the calendar ( ) to choose the From and To dates when the design change is to be in
effect.

b. If applicable, set New Theme to a different theme that is to be used for the page.

c. If applicable, set New Layout to one of the following:

l 1 column
l 2 columns with left bar
l 2 columns with right bar
l 3 columns
l Empty

Custom Design Update

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Step 2: Complete the Content

1. Expand the Content section.

Content

2. In the Content Heading box, type the heading that you want to appear at the top of the page.

3. By default, the editor opens in WYSIWYG mode with the toolbar at the top.

l If you prefer to work directly with the HTML code, tap Show / Hide Editor.

4. Complete the content and format the text as needed. You can add images, variables, and
widgets as needed. To learn more, see: Using the Editor.

5. Tap Save and Continue Edit.

Step 3: Complete the SEO Information

1. Expand the Search Engine Optimization section. Then, do the following:

a. When the page was saved, a default URLkey was created that is based on the Content
Heading. You can accept the default, or enter another URLKey that consists of all
lowercase characters, with hyphens instead of spaces.

b. Enter a Meta Title for the page. The Meta Title should be less than seventy characters in
length, and appears in the browser title bar and tab.

c. Enter your choice of high-value Meta Keywords that search engines can use to index the
page. Separate multiple words with a comma. Meta keywords are ignored by some search
engines, but used by others.

d. In the Meta Description field, enter a brief description of the page for search results
listings. Ideally, the description should be from 150-160 characters in length, with a
maximum limit of 255.

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Search Engine Optimization

2. Tap Save and Continue Edit.

Step 4: Define the Scope of the Page

1. Expand the Page in Websites section.

2. In the Store View list, select each view where the page is to be available. If the installation has
multiple websites, select each website and store view where the page is to be available.

Pages in Websites

Step 5: Enter Any Design Changes (Optional)

1. Expand the Design section. Then, do the following:

Design

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a. To change the page layout, set Layout to one of the following:

l 1 column
l 2 columns with left bar
l 2 columns with right bar
l 3 columns
l Empty

b. To include additional layout instructions, enter valid XML code in the Layout Update
XML box.

Step 6: Preview the Page

1. To return to the Pages grid, tap Save Page.

2. Fnd the page in the grid. Then in the Action column, select View.

3. To return to the grid, tap Back in the upper-left corner of the browser window.

Step 7: Publish the Page

1. In the Action column of the grid, select Edit.

2. Set Enable Page to "Yes."

3. Tap Save Page .

Now that your page is complete, it can be added to your store navigation, linked to other
pages, or added as a link in the footer of your store. You can also use it as your new home
page.

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Switching Home Pages

You can maintain a selection of different home pages, and activate the page that you want to
use as the default home page.

To Change the Home Page:

1. Complete the steps to add a new page.

2. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

3. In the panel on the left under General, choose Web.

4. Expand the Default Pages section. Then, do the following:

Default Pages

a. Set CMS Home Page to the new page.

b. Tap Save Config.

5. In the message at the top of the workspace, tap the Cache Management link, and refresh any
invalid caches.

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Media Storage
Media storage helps you organize and gain access to media files that are stored on the server.
The path to the location of the files is determined by the Base URL configuration. Files in
media storage can be accessed from the editor while working on pages and static blocks. Media
storage is usually located in the file system on the same server as the Magento program files.

Alternatively, media files can be managed in a database, or located on a separate server or

content delivery network. The editor can be configured to use either static or dynamic media
URLs for catalog content in category or product descriptions.

Media Storage

To insert an image from media storage:

Open the page or block to be edited. Then, use one of the following methods to insert an image
from media storage:

Method 1: From WYSIWYG Mode

1. On the toolbar of the WYSIWYG editor, click Insert Image ( ).

2. After the Image URLfield, click Browse ( ).

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Insert Image (WYSIWYG Mode)

3. In the directory tree on the left, navigate to the folder where the image is stored.

4. Select the tile of the image. Then, tap Insert File.

Insert File

Method 2: From HTMLMode

1. Position the cursor in the code where the <img> tag is to be inserted.

2. Tap Insert Image.

Insert Image (HTMLMode)

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To upload files to media storage:

The first two steps are the same as if you are inserting an image.

1. On the toolbar of the WYSIWYG editor, click Insert Image ( ).

2. After the Image URLfield, click Browse ( ).

3. In the directory tree on the left, do one of the following:

l Navigate to the folder where you want to save the uploaded image.
l Navigate to the place where you want to create a new folder, and tap Create Folder. Then,
enter the folder name, and tap OK.

4. To upload file(s) to media storage, tap Choose Files . Then, do the following:

a. In the directory of your local computer, navigate to the location of the images.

b. Select each image that is to be uploaded.

c. Tap Open.

The images are uploaded to the current media storage folder on the server.

Media Storage

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Using the Editor

The WYSIWYG editor gives you the ability to enter and format while working in a What You
See Is What You Get view of the content. If you prefer to work directly with the underlying
HTMLcode, you can easily change modes. The editor can be used to create content for pages,
blocks, and product descriptions. When working in the product catalog, the editor is accessed
by clicking the WYSIWYG Editor button. For a complete list of toolbar buttons, see: Using the
Editor in the online guide.

Editor Toolbar

Inserting a Link
An easy way to insert a link is to use the Link button in the editor toolbar. It doesnt require
any knowledge of HTML, and the result is the same.

To insert a link:
1. Highlight the text where you want to create the link. Then, in the editor toolbar, tap the Link
button.

Insert Link Button

2. In the Link URL field, enter one of the following:

l The URLKey of a page in your store.

l The full URLof an external page to be linked.

3. Set Target to one of the following:

l Open link in the same window

l Open in a new window

4. In the Title field, enter the tooltip text to appear when someone hovers over the link.

5. Tap Insert to create the link.

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Inserting an Image
From the editor, you can insert an image that has been uploaded to Media Storage, or link to
an image that resides on another server.

Media Storage

Method 1: Insert an Image from Media Storage

1. If necessary, tap Show / Hide Editorto work directly with the code.

2. Position the cursor where you want the code for the image to be inserted. Then, tap Insert
Image.

3. Choose the image that you want to use, and tap Insert File.

4. To view the image in WYSIWYG mode, tap Show / Hide Editor again.

Method 2: Insert an Image from Another Server

Use this method to insert an image that is available online, but resides on another server. You
must have the full URL of the image to complete the process.

1. If necessary, tap Show / Hide Editor to work in WYSIWYG mode.

2. Position your cursor where you want the image to appear.

3. On the Editor toolbar, tap the Insert Image button. Then, do the following:

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Insert Image Button

a. In the Image URL field, paste the full URL to the image on the other server.

b. In the Image Description field, enter a brief description of the image.

c. In the Title field, enter a relevant title for the image.

4. Tap Insert to complete the process.

Inserting a Widget
The Widget tool can be used to add a variety of content elements to the page, including links to
any content page or node, product, or category. Links can be positioned on the page in a block
format, or incorporated directly into the content. You can use the Widget tool to create links to
the following types of content:

l Content Pages
l Catalog Categories
l Catalog Products

By default, links inherit their style from the style sheet of the theme.

To insert a widget:
1. Open the content page to be edited.

2. In the panel on the left, choose Content. Then, use either of the following methods:

Method 1: WYSIWYG Mode

1. Tap Show / Hide Editor to work in WYSIWYG mode.

2. Position the cursor in the text where you want the widget to appear.

3. On the editor toolbar, tap Insert Widget.

Method 2: HTMLMode

From the HTMLeditor, tap Insert Widget.

3. When prompted, choose the Widget Type. This example shows how to insert a link to a
product.

4. To use the product name, leave the Anchor Custom Text field empty.

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5. Enter a Anchor Custom Title for best SEO practice. (The title isn't visible on the page.)

6. Set Template to one of the following:

l To incorporate the link into text, select Product Link Inline Template.
l To place the link on a separate line, select Product Link Block Template.

7. Tap Select Product, and do the following:

a. In the tree, navigate to the category you want.

b. In the list, choose the linked product.

c. Click Insert Widget to place the link on the page. In the HTML, a markup tag for the link
appears at the top of the page, enclosed in double curly braces.

d. If needed, use Cut (Ctrl + x) and Paste (Ctrl + v) to position the markup tag in the code
where you want the link to appear.

8. Tap Show / Hide Editor to see the link in WYSIWYG mode.

You can continue editing the page, and incorporate other links into the content.

Inserting a Variable
Your store includes many predefined variables that can be incorporated into content pages and
other communications.

To insert a variable on a page:

1. Do one of the following:

l Open an existing page.

l Create a new page.

2. In the panel on the left, choose Content. Then from the editor, do one of the following:

l Position the cursor where you want the variable to appear, and tap Insert Variable.
l If you prefer to work with the code, click Show / Hide Editor. Position the insertion point in
the text where you want the variable to appear. Then, tap Insert Variable.

3. In the list of available variables, choose the one you want to insert into the page.

4. When complete, tap Save.

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Configuring the Editor

The WYSIWYG editor is enabled by default, and can be used to edit content on CMSpages and
blocks, and in products and categories. From the configuration you can activate or deactivate
the editor, and elect to use staticrather than dynamic URLS for media content in product
and category descriptions.

WYSIWYGOptions

To configure the editor:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose Content Management.

3. Expand the WYSIWYG Options section, and do the following:

a. Set Enable WYSIWYG Editor to your preference. The editor is enabled by default.

b. Set Static URLs for Media Content in WYSIWYGfor Catalog to your preference for media
content that is included in category and product field descriptions.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Content Blocks
A block is a modular unit of content that can be positioned most anywhere on the page.
Content blocks are sometimes referred to as static blocks, or CMSblocks, and can be used to
display fixed information such as text, images, and embedded video, as well as dynamic
information from a widget or that originates in a database or other source. Most elements on
the home page are blocks that can be easily managed.

You can create custom blocks of content without writing any code, and assign them to appear
in a specific place in the page layout. Blocks can also be defined and positioned by making a
layout update in XML code.

Blocks on Home Page

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Adding New Blocks

Custom blocks of content can be added to any page, group of pages, or even to another block.
You can place code for a carousel image slider in a block, and then position the block on the
home page.

The Blocks workspace uses the same basic controls as the Pages workspace to help you find
blocks and perform routine maintenance operations.

Blocks Workspace

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To create a block:
1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Elements, choose Blocks.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap Add New Block. Then, do the following:

New Block

a. By default the status of the new block is enabled. If you want to change the status, set
Enable Block to No.

b. Assign a Block Title for internal reference.

c. Assign a unique Identifier for the block. Use all lowercase characters, with underscores
instead of spaces.

d. Select each Store View where the block is to be available.

e. Complete the block Content as needed.

l Use the editor to format text, create links and tables, images, video, and audio.
l If you prefer to work with the HTMLcode, tap Show / Hide Editor.

3. When complete, tap Save Block.

The new block appears at the bottom of the list in the Blocks grid.

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Adding Social Plugins

Social networking sites have a numerous oplugins that can easily be added to your store. In
addition, there are many extensions on Magento Connect that can be used to integrate your
store with social media. The following example shows how to add a Facebook Like button to
your store.

Facebook Plugins

Step 1: Get the Button Code

1. On the Facebook website, go to the button setup page.

2. In the URL to Like field, enter the URLof the page in your store that you want people to Like.
For example, you might enter the URLof your stores home page. Then, do the following:

a. Choose the Layout for the button.

b. Enter the Width in pixels that is available on your site for the button and any associated
text message.

c. Set Action Type to one of the following:

l Like
l Recommend

3. Tap Get Code to copy the generated code to the clipboard.

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Like Button Setup

Step 2: Create a Content Block

1. Return to your store. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Elements, choose
Blocks.

2. In the upper-right corner, click tap Add New Block. Then, do the following:

a. Enter a descriptive Block Title for internal reference. For example: Facebook Like Button.

b. Assign a unique Identifier to the block, using all lowercase characters, and underscores
instead of spaces. For example: facebook_like_button.

c. If your Magento installation has multiple store views, choose each Store View where the
block is to be available.

d. Paste the snippet of code that you copied from the Facebook site into the Content box.

e. If the block is not ready to go live,set Enable Block to No.

3. When complete, tap Save Block.

Step 3: Place the Block

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Elements, choose Widgets.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap Add Widget. Then, do the following:

a. In the Settings section, set Type to CMSStatic Block. Then, tap Continue.

b. Verify that Design Theme is set to the current theme.

c. Tap Continue.

3. In the Storefront Properties section, do the following:

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a. In the Widget Title field, enter a title for internal reference.

b. Set Assign to Store Views to All Store Views, or to the view where the app will be
available. To select more than one, hold the Ctrl key down and select each option.

c. Enter a number in the Sort Order field to determine the order of the block if it assigned to
appear in the same location on the page as other content elements. The top position is
zero.

4. In the Layout Updates section, tap Add Layout Update. Then, set Display On to the category,
product, or page where you want the block to appear.

For example, if you choose All Pages, and position the block in either the header or footer, the
block will appear in the same place on every page of the store.

To place the block on a specific page, do the following:

a. Set Display On to Specified Page. Then, select the Page where you want the block to
appear.

b. Choose the Block Reference to identify the place on the page where the block is to be
placed.

c. Accept the default setting for Template, which is set to "CMS Static Block Default
Template."

d. Tap Save and Continue Edit.

5. In the panel on the left, choose Widget Options.

6. Tap Select Block. Then in the list, choose the block that you want to place.

7. When complete, tap Save.

8. When prompted, follow the instructions at the top of the workspace to update the index and
page cache.

The widget now appears in the Widgets grid.

Step 4: Verify the Location in Your Store

Return to your storefront to verify that the block is in the correct location. To move the block,
you can reopen the widget try a different page or block reference.

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Adding a Lightbox or Slider

There is a wide assortment of jQuery-based image lightboxes, sliders, and carousels available
on Magento Marketplace, and some are free. A recent search on the term slider returned thiry-
three results.

Slider Extensions
To add a lightbox or slider to your store, download the extension from Magento Markeplace,
and follow the instructions from the developer.

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Positioning Blocks
The code that controls the page layout and placement of blocks is written in XML Widgets
make it easy to position a block at a specific place on the page, and even for a specific product
or category without writing any code. You can choose each option from a list, rather than
trying to remember all of the possible combinations.

The following list shows the locations by page type where blocks are typically placed. To learn
more about how areas on the page are defined, see:Standard Page Layouts.

Category and CMS Pages

BLOCK REFERENCE POSITION

Breadcrumbs The navigation aid at the top of many pages that shows your current
location as a link. Any additional content placed in the Breadcrumbs
reference floats to the right of the breadcrumbs, if displayed.

Left Column Content is added to the left column.

Main Content Area Content is added to the main content area.

My Cart Extra Actions Content appears below the Cart Subtotal in the My Cart popup
located within the top link.

Navigation Bar Content appears below the main navigation bar.

Page Bottom Content appears at the bottom of the page.

Page Footer Content appears above the footer of the page.

Page Header Content appears below the header of the page.

Page Top Content appears at the top of the page.

Right Column Content appears in the right column.

Store Language Content appears in the upper-left corner of the header.

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Product Page

BLOCK REFERENCE POSITION

Alert URLs Content appears below the title of the product on the product detail
page.

Bottom Block Options If custom options are added, content appears below the Add to Cart
Wrapper button.

Breadcrumbs Content appears to the right of breadcrumbsthe navigation aid that

provides links as a paththats showcased below the navigation
bar.

Info Column Options If a custom options are added, content appears to the right. The
Wrapper same location applies to configurable options.

Left Column Content appears below the left column blocks.

Main Content Area Content appears below the main content area.

My Cart Extra Actions Content appears below the Cart Subtotal in the My Cart popup
located within the top link.

Navigation Bar Content appears below the main navigation bar.

Page Bottom Content appears at the bottom of the page.

Page Footer Content appears above the footer of the page.

Page Header Content appears below the header of the page.

Page Top Content appears at the top of the page.

PayPal Express Checkout If the PayPal payment method is enabled, content appears below the
(Payflow Edition) Shortcut PayPal buy button.
Wrapper

PayPal Express Checkout If the PayPal payment method is enabled, content appears below the
Shortcut Wrapper PayPal buy button.

Product Tags List Content appears below the products tag bar.

Product View Extra Hint Content appears below the main top price of the product.

Right Column Content appears below the right column blocks.

Store Language Content appears to the right of the language chooser.

Tags List Before Content appears above the Add Your Tags field.

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Using a Widget
The CMS Static Block widget gives you the ability to place an existing content block most
anywhere in your store.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Choose the Type
Step 2: Complete the Layout Updates
Step 3: Place the Block

Step 1: Choose the Type

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Elements, choose Widgets.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap Add Widget. Then do the following:

a. In the Settings section, set Type to CMSStatic Block. Then, tap Continue.

b. Verify that Design Theme is set to the current theme.

c. Tap Continue.

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Settings

3. In the Storefront Properties section, do the following:

a. In the Widget Title field, enter a descriptive title for internal reference.

b. Set Assign to Store Views to All Store Views, or to the view where the app will be
available. To select more than one, hold the Ctrl key down and select each option.

c. Enter a number in the Sort Order field to determine the order of the block if it assigned to
appear in the same location on the page as other content elements. The top position is
zero.

Storefront Properties

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Step 2: Complete the Layout Updates

1. In the Layout Updates section, tap Add Layout Update. Then, do the following:

2. Set Display On to the category, product, or page where you want the block to appear. To place
the block on a specific page, do the following:

a. Choose the Page where you want the block to appear.

b. Choose the Block Reference that identifies the place on the page where the block is to be
placed.

c. Accept the default setting for Template, which is set to "CMS Static Block Default
Template."

Layout Updates

Step 3: Place the Block

1. In the panel on the left, select Widget Options.

2. Tap Select Block. Then in the list, choose the block that you want to place.

3. When complete, tap Save.

The app now appears in the list.

4. When prompted, follow the instructions at the top of the workspace to update the index and
page cache.

5. Return to your storefront to verify that the block appears in the correct location. To move the
block, you can reopen the frontend app try a different page or block reference.

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Using a Layout Update

Blocks can be placed in the left or right sidebar of a specific page by making a layout update to
the XML code. With a few simple changes to the code, you can position the block in either
sidebar, and control its position in relation to other blocks.

The term callout1 is sometimes used to refer to a block that is defined as a layout update with
XMLcode. The term sidebar2 refers to the left or right columns of the page layout. When
entering layout update code, make sure to follow the syntax exactly as shown in the example.

To place a block in the sidebar, the page must have a two-or three-column layout. To learn more,
see: Page Layout.

To place a block in the sidebar of a page:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Elements, choose Blocks.

2. In the grid, find the block you want to place, and take note of its Identifier. Make sure that you
have the correct spelling.

3. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Elements, choose Pages.

4. Find the page where you want to place the block, and open the page in edit mode.

5. In the panel on the left, choose Design. Then, do the following:

a. In the Layout Update XML box, enter the code for the right or left sidebar.

Code for CMS Block in Sidebar

<reference name="right">
<block type="cms/block" name="right.permanent.callout">
<action method="setBlockId"><block_id>your-block-id</block_id></action>
</block>
</reference>

b. Change the reference name to identify either the right or left column, according to the
layout of the page.

c. Change the block_id to the identifier of the block that is being placed.

6. When complete, tap Save Page.

1A term that is sometimes used to describe a block that is defined as a layout update using XML code.
2The right or left column of a two-column page layout.

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 CHAPTER 37:

Widgets
A widget is a snippet of code that makes it possible to display a wide range of content and
place it at specific block references in your store. Many display real-time, dynamic data and
create opportunities for your customers to interact with your store. The Widget tool makes it
easy to place existing content such as blocks with images and text, and interactive elements
most anywhere in your store.

You can use widgets to create landing pages for marketing campaigns, display promotional
content at specific locations throughout the store. Widgets can also be used to add interactive
elements and action blocks for external review systems, video chats, voting, and subscription
forms, or to provide navigation elements for tag clouds and image sliders.

New Product List Widget

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Widget Types
Widgets
TYPE DESCRIPTION
CMS Page Link Displays a link to a selected page. Allows you to specify custom text
and title. When the link is complete, it can be used in content pages
and blocks.

CMS Static Block Displays a block of content at a specific location on a page.

Catalog Category Link Displays either an inline or block-style link to a selected catalog
category. When the link is complete, it can be used in content pages
and blocks.

Catalog New Products List Displays a block of products which have been designated as new, for
the duration of time specified in the product record.

Catalog Product Link Displays either an inline or block-style link to a selected catalog
product. When the link is complete, it can be used in content pages
and blocks.

Catalog Products List Displays a list of products from the catalog.

Orders and Returns Gives customers the ability to submit their own requests for returned
merchandise authorization.

Recently Compared Displays the block of recently compared products. You can specify
Products the number of products included, and format them as a list or product
grid.

Recently Viewed Products Displays the block of recently viewed products. You can specify the
number of products included, and format them as a list or product
grid.

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Creating a Widget
The process of creating a widget is nearly the same for each type. You can follow the first part
of the instructions, and then complete the last part for the specific type of widget.

Widgets

Process Overview:
Step 1: Choose the Type
Step 2: Specify Where It Goes
Step 3: Complete the Options
Step 4: Check It Out!

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Step 1: Choose the Type

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Elements, choose Widgets.

2. Tap Add Widget. Then, do the following;

a. In the Settings section, set Type to the type of widget that you want to create. Then, tap
Continue.

b. Verify that Design Theme is set to the current theme.

3. Tap Continue.

Widget Settings

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4. Under Storefront Properties, do the following:

a. In the Widget Title field, enter a descriptive title for internal reference only.

b. Set Assign to Store Views to All Store Views, or to the view where the app will be
available. To select more than one, hold the Ctrl key down and select each option.

c. Enter a number in the Sort Order field to determine the order of the block if it appears in
the same location as other content elements. The top position is zero.

Storefront Properties

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Step 2: Specify Where It Goes

1. In the Layout Updates section, tap Add Layout Update.

2. Set Display On to the type of page where it is to appear.

3. In the Block Reference list, choose the area of the page layout where it is to be placed.

Layout Updates

4. If the widget is a link, set Template to one of the following:

Block Template Formats the content so it can be placed as standalone unit on

the page.

Inline Template Formats the content so it can be placed inside other content. For
example, a link that goes inside a paragraph of text.

Step 3: Complete the Options

The options for each widget type vary slightly, but the process is essentially the same. The
following example displays the product list for a specific category, with pagination controls.

1. In the panel on the left, choose Widget Options.

2. Tap Select Block.

3. Enter a Title to appear above the list. For example, Featured Products.

4. For pagination controls, set Display Page Control to Yes. Then, do the following:

a. Enter the Number of Products per Page.

b. Enter the total Number of Products to Display.

c. Set Condition to the category of products to be featured. The process is the same as
setting a condition for a price rule.

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Widget Options

5. When complete, tap Save.

6. When prompted, follow the instructions at the top of the workspace to update the cache, as
needed.

Step 4: Check It Out!

Return to your storefront to verify that the widget is working correctly. To move it to a different
location, you can reopen the widget and try a different page or block reference.

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New Products List

The list of new products is an example of dynamic content, and consists of live data that is
pulled from your product catalog. By default, the New Products list includes the first eight of
the most recently added products. However, it can also be configured to include only products
within a specified date range.

New Products List on Home Page

Process Overview:
Step 1: Set the Date Range for Each Product
Step 2: Create the Widget
Step 3: Choose the Location
Step 4: Configure the List
Step 5: Preview Your Work

Step 1: Set the Date Range for Each Product

To make a product appear in the list by date range, the New From dates must be entered in
the product. The product then appears in the New Products list during the date range
specified.

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

2. Find each product that you want to feature, and open in edit mode. Then, do the following:

a. In the Set Product as New From field, tap the calendar ( ). Then, choose the first date
that you want the product to be featured.

b. In the To field, tap the calendar ( ). Then, choose the last date that you want the
product to be featured.

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"Set Product As New " Date Range

3. When complete, tap Save.

4. When you are prompted to reindex and refresh the page cache, click the links at the top of the
workspace, and follow the instructions.

The list of products now appears on the Home Page for the specified date range.

Step 2: Create the Widget

The code that determines the content of the New Products list and its placement in your store
is generated by the Widget tool.

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Elements, choose Widgets.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap Add Widget.

3. In the Settings section, do the following:

a. Set Type to Catalog New Products List.

b. Choose the Design Theme that is used by the store.

4. Tap Continue.

Widget Type

5. In the Storefront Properties section, complete the following fields:

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Widget Title Enter a descriptive title for your widget. This title is visible only
from the Admin.

Assign to Store Views Select the store views where the widget will be visible. You can
select a specific store view, or "All Store Views."

Sort Order (Optional) Enter a number to determine the order this items
appears with others in the same part of the page. (0 = first, 1 =
second, 3= third, and so on.)

Storefront Properties

Step 3: Choose the Location

1. In the Layout Updates section, tap Add Layout Update. Then, do the following:

a. Set Display On to Specified Page.

b. Set Page to CMS Home Page.

c. Set Block Reference to Main Content Area.

d. Set Template to one of the following:

l New Product List Template

l New Products Grid Template

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Layout Updates

2. Tap Save and Continue Edit.

For now, you can ignore the message to refresh the cache.

Step 4: Configure the List

1. In the panel on the left, choose Widget Options. Then, do the following:

2. Set Display Products to one of the following:

All Products Lists products in sequence, starting with those most recently
added.

New Products Lists only the products which are identified as New. A product
is considered to be new during the date range that is specified in
the Set Product As New From/To fields. The list will be empty
if the date range expires without any new products defined.

3. Complete the remaining information as follows:

a. To provide navigation control for lists with multiple pages, set Display Page Control to
Yes. Then, in the Number of Products per Page field, enter the number of products you
want to appear on each page.

b. Set Number of Products to Display to the number of new products that you want to
include in the list. The default setting is 10.

c. In the Cache Lifetime (Seconds) field, choose how often you want to refresh the list of
new products. By default, the cache is set to 86400 seconds, or 24 hours.

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Widget Options

4. When complete, tap Save.

5. When prompted to refresh the cache, click the link in the message at the top of the workspace,
and follow the instructions.

Step 5: Preview Your Work

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Elements, choose Pages.

2. Find the page in the grid where the New Products list is to appear. Then, in the Action
column, click the Preview link.

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589
 Contents
Your store's theme is like a window dressing Design Menu
that can be changed for a season or promotion.
In this section, you will learn about page layouts, Page Setup
how to make simple HTMLchanges, and apply HTML Head
a new theme to your store. Header
Footer

Page Layout
Standard Page Layouts
Storefront Examples
Layout Updates
Standard Block Layout
Layout Update Examples
Layout Update Syntax
Controlling Block Order
XMLLoad Syntax

Themes
Using the Default Theme
Installing a New Theme
Theme Assets
Scheduling Design Changes

590
 CHAPTER 38:

Design Menu
Magento provides a variety of easy-to-use design options that you can use to make simple
changes to your store. In addition, you will find many professionally designed themes available
on Magento Connect. Like the window dressing of your store, you can change the theme for the
season or for a promotion.

More advanced users appreciate the flexibility of working with an object-oriented environment
that assembles pages from separate components. After you understand the basics, youll
appreciate working in such a flexible and fluid environment. To learn more, see the Frontend
Developer Guide.

Design Menu

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Menu Options
Configuration
The Design configuration lets you easily maintain
different settings for each website, store, and view in
your Magento installation.

Themes
The theme determines the visual presentation of your
store, and consists of a collection of layout files,
template files, translation files, and skins.

Schedule
Themes can be activated for a period of time,
according to a schedule. Use the schedule to plan
theme changes in advance for a season or promotion.

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Design Configuration
The Design Configuration makes it easy to edit design-related rules and configuration settings
by displaying the settings on a single page.

Design Configuration

To edit the design configuration:

1. On the Admin menu, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Configuration.

2. Find the store view that you want to configure. Then in the Action column, click Edit.

The page displays the current design settings for the store view.

3. To change the Default Theme, set Applied Theme to the theme that you want to apply to the
view.

If no theme is specified, the system default theme is used. Some third-party extensions modify
the system default theme.

4. If the theme is to be used for only a specific device, do the following:

a. Under Design Rules, tap Add New User Agent Rule.

b. In the Search String column, enter the browser ID for the specific device.

c. A search string can be either a normal expression or Perl Compatible Regular Expression
(PCRE). To learn more, see: User Agent. The following search string identifies Firefox:

/^mozilla/i

d. In the Theme Name column, choose the theme that is to be used for the specified device.

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User-Agent Rules
e. Repeat the process to enter additional devices. Search strings are matched in the order
they are entered.

5. Under Other Settings, expand each section and edit the settings as needed.

Edit Design Configuration

l HTMLHead
l Header
l Footer
l Pagination
l Product Image Watermarks
l Transactional Emails

6. When complete, tap Save Configuration.

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Page Setup
The main sections of the page are controlled, in part, by a set of standard HTML tags. Some of
these tags can be used determine the selection of fonts, color, size, background colors, and
images that are used in each section of the page. Other settings control page elements such as
the logo in the header, and the copyright notice in the footer. The Page Setup sections
correspond to the underlying structure of the HTMLpage, and many of the basic properties can
be set from the Admin.

HTML Page Sections

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HTML Head
The settings in the HTMLHead section correspond to the <head> tag of an HTMLpage, and
can be configured for each store view. In addition to meta data for the page title, description,
and keywords, the section includes a link to the favicon, and miscellaneous scripts.
Instructions for search engine robots and the display of the store demo notice are also
configured in this section.

To configure the HTML Head:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Configuration.

2. Find the store view that you want to configure. Then in the Action column, click Edit.

3. Under Other Settings, expand the HTMLHead section.

4. Update the fields as needed. (See the Configuration Reference for a description of each field,)

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

HTML Head

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Header
The Header section identifies the path to your store logo, and specifies the logo alt text and
welcome message.

Header

To configure the header:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Configuration.

2. Find the store view that you want to configure. Then in the Action column, click Edit.

3. Under Other Settings, expand the Header section.

4. Make any changes necessary to the logo and welcome message settings.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Footer
The Footer configuration section is where you can update the copyright notice that appears at
the bottom of the page, and enter miscellaneous scripts that must be positioned before the
closing <body> tag..

Footer

To configure the footer:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Configuration.

2. Find the store view that you want to configure. Then in the Action column, click Edit.

3. Under Other Settings, expand the Footer section.

4. Make any changes necessary to the Copyright and Miscellaneous HTML settings.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Page Layout
The layout of each page in your store consists of distinct sections, or containers, that define the
header, footer, and content areas of the page. Depending on the layout, each page might have
one, two, three columns, or more. You can think of the layout as the floor plan of the page.

Content blocks float to fill the available space, according to the section of the page layout where
they are assigned to appear. You will discover that if you change the layout from a three-
column to a two-column layout, the content of the main area expands to fill the available
space, and any blocks that are associated with the unused side bar seem to disappear.
However, if you restore the three-column layout, the blocks reappear. This fluid approach, or
liquid layout, makes it possible to change the page layout without having to rework the
content. If you are used to working with individual HTML pages, you will discover that this
modular, building block approach requires a different way of thinking.

Two Column Page Layout

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Standard Page Layouts

1 Column
The 1 Column layout can be used to create a
dramatic home page with a large image or focal point.
Its also a good choice for a landing page, or any other
page that has a combination of text, images, and
video.

2 Columns with Left Bar

The 2 Columns with Left Bar layout is often used for
pages with navigation on the left, such as a catalog or
search results pages with layered navigation. It is also
an excellent choice for home pages that need
additional navigation or blocks of supporting content
on the left.

2 Columns with Right Bar

With a 2 Columns with Right Bar layout, the main
content area is large enough for an eye-catching
image or banner. This layout is also often used for
Product pages with blocks of supporting content on
the right.

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3 Columns
The 3 Column layout has a center column that is
wide enough for the main text of the page, with room
on each side for additional navigation and blocks of
supporting content.

Empty
The Empty layout can be used to define custom
page layouts. To learn more, see the Magento
Designers Guide.

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Storefront Examples
The column dimensions are determined by style sheet of the theme. Some themes apply a fixed
pixel width to the page layout, while others use percentages to make the page respond to the
width of the window or device.

Most desktop themes have a fixed width for the main column, and all activity takes place
within this enclosed area. Depending on your screen resolution, there is empty space on each
side of the main column.

1 Column Layout
The content area of a 1 Column layout spans the full-width of the main column. This layout
is often used for a home page with a large banner or slider, or pages that require no navigation,
such as a login page, splash page, video, or full-page advertisement.

1 Column Layout

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2 Columns with Left Bar

The content area of this layout is divided into two columns. The main content column floats to
the right, and the side bar floats to the left.

2 Columns Left Bar

2 Columns with Right Bar

This layout is a mirror image of the other two-column layout. This time, the side bar floats to
the right, and the main content column floats to the left.

2 Columns Right Bar

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3 Columns
A 3-column layout has a main content area with two side columns. The left side bar and main
content column are wrapped together, and float as a unit to the left. The other side bar floats
to the right.

3 Columns

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Layout Updates
Before you begin working with custom layout updates, it is important to understand how the
pages of your store are constructed, and the difference between the terms layout and layout
update. The term layout1 refers to the visual and structural composition of the page. However,
the term layout update2 refers to a specific set of XML instructions that determines how the
page is constructed.

The XML layout of your Magento Community Edition 2.1 store is a hierarchical structure of
blocks. Some elements appear on every page, and others appear only on specific pages. You can
see how these structural blocks are referenced by examining the layout update code for your
home page. To do so, simply open your home page in edit mode, and choose the Design tab to
view the Page Layout section. Depending on the theme, it might contain instructions to remove
blocks, unset blocks, and add blocks by referencing specific areas of the page layout.

In many cases, the same result can be achieved with the Frontend App tool. To place a block of
content as a frontend app, you must identify the page, and the location on the page where you
want the block to appear. You can use the Frontend App tool to place a block on most any page
in your store, including the home page and all content pages. However, to place a block in the
sidebar of a specific page, you must make the change by entering code as a layout update.

1The visual and structural composition of a page.

2A specific set of XML instructions that determines how the page is constructed.

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Standard Block Layout

In the following diagram, the block names that can be used to refer to a block in the layout are
black, and the block types, or block class paths, are blue.

Standard Block Layout

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Block Descriptions
BLOCK TYPE DESCRIPTION

page/html There can be only one block of this type per page. The block name is
"root," and, it is one of the few root blocks in the layout. You can also
create your own block and name it "root," which is the standard name
for blocks of this type.

page/html_head There can be only one block of this type per page. The block name is
"head," and it is a child of the root block. This block must not be
removed from layout.

page/html_notices There can be only one block of this type per page. The block name is
"global_notices," and it is a child of the root block. If this block is
removed from the layout, the global notices will not appear on the
page.

page/html_header There can be only one block of that type per page. The block name is
"header," and it is a child of the root block. This block corresponds to
the visual header at the top of the page, and contains several
standard blocks. This block must not be removed.

page/html_wrapper Although included in the default layout, this block is deprecated, and
only is included to ensure backward compatibility. Do not use blocks
of this type.

page/html_breadcrumbs There can be only one block of this type per page. The name of this
block is "breadcrumbs," and it is a child of the header block. This
block displays breadcrumbs for the current page.

page/html_footer There can be only one block of this type per page. The block name is
"footer," and it is a child of the root block. The footer block
corresponds to the visual footer at the bottom of the page, and
contains several standard blocks. This block must not be removed.

page/template_links There are two blocks of this type in the standard layout. The
"top.links" block is a child of the header block, and corresponds to the
top navigation menu. The "footer_links" block is a child of the footer
block, and corresponds to the bottom navigation menu. It is possible
to manipulate the template links, as shown in the examples.

page/switch There are two blocks of this type in a standard layout. The "store_
language" block is a child of the header block, and corresponds to the
top language switcher. The "store_switcher" block is a child of the
footer block, and corresponds to the bottom store switcher.

core/messages There are two blocks of this type in a standard layout. The "global_
messages" block displays global messages. The "messages" block
is used to display all other messages. If you remove these blocks,
the customer won't be able to see any messages.

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Block Descriptions (cont.)

BLOCK TYPE DESCRIPTION

core/text_list This type of block is widely used throughout Magento, and is used as
a placeholder for rendering children blocks.

core/profiler There is only one instance of this type of block per page. It is used for
the internal Magento profiler, and should not be used for any other
purpose.

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Layout Update Examples

The following blocks types can be manipulated with custom layout instructions. Each action
must be specified using the full syntax of the instruction. In the following examples, a
simplified notation is used to refer to each action, which corresponds to the full syntax of the
instruction.
Full Syntax

<!-- Action can be specified inside either a <block>

or <reference> instruction. -->

<action method="someActionName">

<arg1>Value 1</arg1>

<arg2>Value 2</arg2>

<!-- -->

<argN>Value N</argN>

</action>

<!-- -->

Simplified Syntax

someActionName($arg1, $arg2, ..., $argN)

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page/template_links

Syntax
ACTION DESCRIPTION
addLink($label, $url, $title, $prepare

Adds another link to the end of the list of existing links. Just
specify the $label (link caption), $url (link URL) and $title
(link tooltip), and you'll see a new link in the corresponding
place. The $prepare parameter must be "true" if you want the
URL to be prepared, or converted to the full URL from the
shortened URL. For example, the new page becomes BASE_
URL/newpage if prepared.

removeLinkByUrl($url) Removes a link from the block by its URL. Note that the URL
must be properly specified and exactly match corresponding
URL of the link you want to remove.

cms/block

Syntax
ACTION DESCRIPTION
setBlockId($blockId) Specifies the ID of a CMS block, so its content can be fetched
and displayed when the page is rendered.

<!--...-->

<reference name="content">

<block type="cms/block" name="additional.info" as="additionalInfo">

<action method="setBlockId"><id>additional_info</id></action>

</block>

</reference>

<!-- -->

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core/text
A core/text block can be used to enter free form text directly into the template.

Syntax
ACTION DESCRIPTION
addText($textContent) Specifies text to be rendered as the block's content. After the
text is specified, the layout update instructions must continue
to be a valid XMLstatement. If you use HTML tags as part of
the text, it is recommended to use:
<![CDATA[...]]>

<!--...-->

<reference name="content">

<block type="core/text" name="test.block">

<action method="addText">

<txt><![CDATA[<h2>ATTENTION!</h2><p>Check your options

carefully before you submit.</p>]]></txt>

</action>

</block>

</reference>

<!-- -->

page/html_welcome
This block can be used to duplicate the Welcome, <USERNAME>! message that appears in the
header block. When the user is not logged in, the welcome message specified in the
configuration appears.

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Layout Update Syntax

Custom layout updates can be applied to product category pages, product pages, and content
page to achieve a variety of results, such as:

<block> Create new block.

<reference> Update existing content.

<action> Assign actions to blocks.

<remove> Remove blocks.

Any change made to the layout is applied when the associated entitywhich can be either a
product, category, or CMS pagebecomes active in the frontend of the store.

Custom layout update instructions consist of well-formed XML tags, without the <?xml ...>
declaration and root tag. As with normal XML, every tag must either be empty or properly
closed, as shown in the following examples:

<tag attribute="value" />

<tag attribute="value"> ... </tag>

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<block>
Creates a new block within the current context. Layout block nesting defines the ordering of
block initialization location of the blocks on the page.

Syntax
NAME VALUE
type * block class path
An identifier of the block class path that corresponds to the class of the
block. See the list of the available block types below.

name * block name identifier

A name that can be used to address the block in which this attribute is
assigned. If you create a new block with the name that is the same as
one of the existing blocks, your newly created block substitutes the
previously existing block. See the list of names of existing blocks
below.

before block name | '-'

Is used to position the block before a block with the name specified in
the value. If "-" value used the block is positioned before all other sibling
blocks.

after block name | '-'

Is used to position the block after a block with the name specified in the
value. If "-" value used the block is positioned after all other sibling
blocks.

template template filename

A template filename used for the specific block type. As you have no
way to see the list of template files, use whatever template value is
demanded for every block type listed below.

as block alias
An alias name by which a template calls the block in which this attribute
is assigned. Sometimes it's necessary to specify the alias for a specific
block type.

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<reference>
Changes the context for all included instructions to a previously defined block. An empty
<reference> tag if of no use, because it affects only the instructions which are children.

Syntax
NAME VALUE
name * block name
A name of a block to reference.

<action>
Used to access block API, in other words, call block's public methods. It is used to set up the
execution of a certain method of the block during the block generation. Action child tags are
translated into block method arguments. The list of all available methods depends on the block
implementation (e.g. public method of the block class).

Syntax
NAME VALUE
method * block method name
A name of the public method of the block class this instruction is
located in that is called during the block generation.

<remove>
Removes an existing block from the layout.

Syntax
NAME VALUE
name * block name
The name of the block to be removed.

<extend>
This instruction performs final modifications to blocks which are already part of the layout.
Every attribute in the <block> instructionexcept for the block nameis subject for change. In
addition, the special attribute parent can be used to change the parent of the block. Simply put
the name of the new parent block into the <extend> instruction, and the parent of the block
that is referenced will be changed in the layout.

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Syntax
NAME VALUE
name * block name
The name of any block to be extended.

* any other
Any other attribute specific for the <block> instruction.

parent block name

The name of the block that should become a new parent for the
referenced block.

* Indicates a required value

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Controlling Block Order

Sometimes more than one content element is assigned to the same structural block. For
example, there might be several block that appear in a sidebar. You can control the order of
blocks by including a before or after positioning property in the code. To place a block either
before, or after a specific block, replace the hyphen with the block identifier, as shown in the
following examples:

before="-" Places the block at the top of the sidebar, before other blocks.

after="-" Places the block at the bottom of the sidebar, after other blocks.

Code to Position ContentBlocks

<block type="cms/block" before="-" name="left.permanent.callout">

<block type="cms/block" before="some-other-block"
name="left.permanent.callout">
<block type="cms/block" after="-" name="left.permanent.callout">
<block type="cms/block" after="some-other-block"
name="left.permanent.callout">

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XML Load Sequence

For developers, it is important to understand that blocks and layout updates must be loaded in
the correct order, in keeping with the rules of precedence and load sequence1 which
determine how the page is rendered. Magento supports the following page layout scenarios:

Scenario 1: Default Layout

The default layout consists of the visual elements that are visible from every page of the store.
Whether it is a menu item, or a shopping cart block, each item has a handle2 in the default
section of the layout definition.

Scenario 2: Changes to Specific Pages

The second case allows you to create a different layout for a specific page. The XMLlayout for
specific pages is constructed in the same sequence that Magento loads modules, and is
determined by the system configuration.

In addition to the instructions in the layout update files which are specific to each module, you
can make a custom layout update that applies to a special case in the backend, and is merged
each time the special case occurs.

1The order in which scripts are loaded into memory. To work correctly, some scripts must be loaded before others.
2In programming, a name used to reference an object.

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Themes
A theme is a collection of files that determines the visual presentation of your store. When you
first install Magento Community Edition 2.1, the design elements of the store are based on the
Default Theme. In addition to the initial default theme that comes with your Magento
installation, there is a wide variety of themes that are available off the shelf on Magento
Connect.

Magento themes include layout files, template files, translation files, and skins. A skin is a
collection of supporting CSS, images, and JavaScript files that together, create the visual
presentation and interactions that your customers experience when they visit your store.
Themes and skins can be modified and customized by a developer or designer who has
knowledge of Magento theme design and access to your server. To learn more, see the Frontend
Developer Guide.

Luma Theme

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Using the Default Theme

Magentos default responsive theme renders the display of your storefront for different devices,
and incorporates best practices for desktop, table, and mobile devices. Some themes are
designed to be used only with specific devices. When Magento detects a specific browser ID, or
user agent, it uses the theme that is configured to be used for the specific browser. The search
string can also include Perl-Compatible Regular Expressions (PCRE). To learn more, see: User
Agent.

Themes

To view the current theme settings:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Themes.

2. In the list of installed themes, find the theme that you want to examine, and click the row to
display the settings.

3. To view a sample page, tap the Theme Preview Image.

Preview Theme

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To apply a theme:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Configuration.

2. Find the store view that you want to configure. Then in the Action column, click Edit.

3. Under Default Theme, set Applied Theme to the one that you want to use for the current view.

Applied Theme

To add a user agent rule:

1. Under Design Rule, tap Add New User Agent Rule. Then, do the following:

Design Rule
a. In the Search String field, enter the browser ID for the specific device. For example:

Search strings are matched in the order they are entered. For example, for Firefox enter:
/^mozilla/i

b. Repeat the process to enter additional devices.

2. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Installing a New Theme

When you first install Magento, the design elements of the store are based on the Default
theme. The Luma theme is also available if you installed the sample data. You can modify a
theme, add themes created by others, or create new ones. Magento Marketplace contains a
growing selection of themes that you can install to change the appearance of your store. To
learn how to create or modify a theme, see the Frontend Developer Guide.

Magento Marketplace

To install a new theme:

1. Before you begin, make sure that you have a valid set of Magento 2 Access Keys.

2. Follow the steps outlined in the Marketplace Quick Tour, to:

l Find a Theme
l Evaluate the Product
l Make a Purchase
l Download the Software
l Install the Theme

3. To apply the theme to your store, see: Using the Default Theme,

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Theme Assets
The term static files1 refers to the collection of assets, such as CSS, fonts, images, and
JavaScript, that is used by a theme. The location of static files is specified in the Base URL
configuration.

A digital signature can be added to the URL of each static file to make it possible for browsers
to detect when a newer version is available. The newer version of the file is used if the signature
differs from what is stored in the browser's cache.

For a standard installation, the assets associated with a theme are organized in the web folder
at the following location below the Magento root.

[magento_root]/app/design/frontend/Magento/[theme_name]/web

Theme Assets

1The collection of assets, such as CSS, fonts, images, and JavaScript that is used by a theme.

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To sign static files:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose Developer.

3. Expand the Static Files Settings section.

Static Files Settings

4. Set Sign Static Files to "Yes."

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

FILE TYPE DESCRIPTION

CSS Directory that contains the CSSfiles that control the visual styling that is
associated with the skin. Example location on server:
[magento]/app/design/frontend/Magento/[theme]/web/css

Fonts Directory that contains the fonts that are available to be used by the theme.
Location on server:
[magento]/app/design/frontend/Magento/[theme]/web/fonts

Images Directory that contains all images used by the theme, including buttons,
background textures, and so on. Example location on server:
[magento]/app/design/frontend/Magento/[theme]/web/images

JS Directory that contains theme-specific JavaScript routines and callable functions.

Example location on server:
[magento]/app/design/frontend/Magento/[theme]/web/js

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Merging CSSFiles
As part of an effort to optimize your site and reduce page load time, you can reduce the number
of separate CSSfiles by merging them into a single condensed file. If you open a merged
CSSfile, youll find one continuous stream of text, with line breaks removed. Because you cant
edit the merged file, its best to wait until you are out of the development mode, and no longer
making frequent changes to the CSS.

To merge CSS files:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose Developer.

3. Expand the CSS Settings section.

CSSSettings

4. Set Merge CSSFiles to Yes.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Merging JavaScript Files

Multiple JavaScript files can be merged into a single, condensed file to reduce page load time. If
you open a merged JavaScriptfile, youll find one continuous stream of text, with line breaks
removed. If you are finished with the development process, and the code contains no errors,
you might consider merging the files.

To merge JavaScript files:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose Developer.

3. Expand the JavaScript Settings section.

JavaScript Settings

4. Set Merge JavaScript Files to Yes.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Scheduling Design Changes

Design changes can be scheduled in advance, so they go into effect on schedule. You can use
scheduled design changes for seasonal changes, promotions, or just to add variation.

Store Design Schedule

To schedule a design change:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Design, choose Schedule.

2. Tap Add Design Change. Then under General Settings, do the following:

New Design Change

a. Set Store to the view where the change applies.

b. Set Custom Design to the theme, or variation of a theme, that is to be used.

c. To define the period when the change is in effect, use the calendar ( ) to choose the
values for the Date From and Date To fields.

3. When complete, tap Save.

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CUSTOMERS

629
 Contents
In this section of the guide, you will become Customers Menu
familiar with the customer account dashboard,
and learn to configure customer accounts All Customers
according to your preference. You will also learn Now Online
how to create customer groups that can be
Customer Accounts
referenced in promotions and tax classes.
Customer Sign In
Account Dashboard
Configuring Customer Accounts
Online Session Length
Login Landing Page
New Account Options
Name and Address Options
Password Options

Customer Groups

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 CHAPTER 42:

Customers Menu
The Customers menu provides access to customer account management tools, and gives you
the ability to see who is currently online in your store.

Customers Menu

To display the Customers menu:

On the Admin sidebar, tap Customers .

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Menu Options
All Customers
Lists all customers who have registered for an account
with your store, or were added by the administrator.

Now Online
Lists all customers and visitors who are currently
online in your store.

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All Customers
The Customers page lists all customers who have registered for an account with your store, or
were added by the administrator.

All Customers

To view customer information:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Customers. Then, choose All Customers.

2. Open any customer record in edit mode.

3. In the panel on the left, choose the information you need to edit. Then, make the necessary
changes.

4. When complete, tap Save Customer.

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Now Online
The Now Online option on the Customers menu lists all customers and visitors who are
currently online in your store. The length of the online session is set in the configuration, and
determines how long the customers activity is visible from the Admin. By default, a customers
online session lasts fifteen minutes.

Online Customers

To see all customers who are online now:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Customers. Then, choose Online Now.

2. In the list, open any record to view the customers information and activity.

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Column Descriptions
COLUMN DESCRIPTION
ID The customer ID of a registered customer.

First Name The first name of a registered customer.

Last Name The last name of a registered customer.

Email The email address of a registered customer.

IP Address The IPaddress of the computer that customers and guests are using
to access your store.

Session Start Time The starting date and time of the current session.

Last Activity The date and time of the customers last activity in yur store.

Type Options include: Customer / Visitor

Last URL The last URL the customer visited.

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Customer Accounts
The header of every page in your store extends an invitation for shoppers to Log in or register
for an account with your store. Customers who open an account with your store enjoy a range
of benefits, including:

Faster checkout. Registered customers move through checkout faster because much of
the information is already in their accounts.

Self service. Registered customers can update their information, check the status of
orders, and even reorder from their account dashboard.

Customers can access their account dashboard by clicking the My Account link in the header
of the store. They can use their account dashboard to view and modify their information,
including past and current addresses, billing and shipping preferences, newsletter
subscriptions, wishlist, and more.

Account Dashboard

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Customer Sign In
Customer have easy access to their accounts from every page in your store. Depending on the
configuration, customers can be redirected to their account dashboard, or continue shopping
after they log in to their accounts. When customers forget their passwords, a reset link is sent
to the email address that is associated with the account.

Sign In

To sign in to your customer account:

1. In the header of the store, tap Sign in.

2. When prompted, enter the Email Address that is associated with your account, and your
Password. Then,tap Login.

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Customer Login

To reset your password:

1. On the Login page, tap Forgot Your Password?.

2. When prompted, enter the Email Address that is associated with your account, and tap
Submit.

If the email address you entered matches the one that is associated with the account, you will
receive a "Password Reset Confirmation" email with a link to reset your password.

3. Tap the link in the email, and when prompted, enter your New Password. Enter it again to
confirm, and tap Reset Password.

Your new password must be six or more characters in length, without spaces.

When you receive confirmation that the password is updated, you can use the new password to
log in to your account.

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Account Dashboard
My Dashboard
The customers account dashboard gives them the
ability to track orders, manage shipping addresses,
and manage other store activities.

Account Information
Customers can update their account information and
change their password as needed. The store Admin
can also update customer accounts and access the
information to offer shopping assistance.

Address Book
The customer address book includes the default
billing and shipping address, and additional address
entries.

Downloadable Products
Lists all downloadable products the customer has
purchased, with a link to each.

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Orders
Displays a list of all customer orders, with a link to
each. If enabled in the configuration, any order can be
reordered by simply clicking the Reorder link.

Billing Agreements
Displays a list of any customer billing agreements.

Newsletter Subscriptions
Lists all available newsletters. Those to which the
customer is currently subscribed have a checkmark.

My Product Reviews
Displays a list of all product reviews submitted by the
customer, with a link to each.

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My Wish List
This section is a placeholder for API applications that
link the customer account to other applications or
extensions.

Configuring Customer Accounts

The customer account settings determine the information that is collected during customer
registration, and the experience that customers have during the process. Customer
configuration settings include:

l Online Session Length

l Account Scope
l Login Landing Page
l New Account Options
l Name and Address Options
l Password Options

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Online Session Length

The length of each customer session is set by default to fifteen minutes. If there is no keyboard
activity during that time, the current session ends, and customers must log back into their
accounts to continue shopping. If Persistent Cart is enabled, the contents of their carts are
saved for the next time they sign in to their accounts.

Online Customers Options

To configure the online session length:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Online Now.

2. In the panel on the left under Customers, choose Customer Configuration.

3. Expand the Online Customers Options section.

4. In the Online Minutes Interval field, enter the number of minutes before the customer session.
Leave the field empty to accept the default interval of fifteen minutes.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Login Landing Page

You can configure your store to redirect customers to their account dashboard after they log in,
or let them continue shopping.

To set the login landing page:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Customers, choose Customer Configuration.

3. Expand the Login Options section.

Login Options

4. Set Redirect Customer to Account Dashboard after Logging in to one of the following:

Yes The account dashboard appears when customers log in to their accounts.

No Customers can continue shopping after logging in to their accounts.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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New Account Options

In the Create New Account Options section of the configuration, the basic account options are
combined with more advanced options that relate to VAT IDValidation and custom
integrations. The following instructions cover only the most frequently used options. To learn
about automatic customer group assignments, see: VATValidation.

Create New Account Options

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To set up the basic customer account options:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Customers, choose Customer Configuration.

3. Expand the Create New Account Options section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Default Group to the customer group that is assigned to new customers when an
account is created.

a. If you have a Value Added Tax number, and want it to be visible to customers, set Show
VAT Number on Storefront to Yes.

b. Enter the Default Email Domain for the store. For example: mystore.com

c. Set Default Welcome Email to the template that is used for the Welcome email sent to
new customers.

d. Set Default Welcome Email without Password to the template that is used when a
customer account is created that does not yet have a password. For example, a customer
account created from the Admin does not yet have a password assigned.

e. Set Email Sender to the store contact that appears as the sender of the Welcome email.

f. To require that customers confirm their request to open an account with your store, set
Require Emails Confirmation to Yes. Then, set Confirmation Link Email to the template
that is used for the confirmation email.

g. Set Welcome Email to the template that is used for the Welcome message that is sent
after the account is confirmed.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Name and Address Options

The Name and Address Options determine the values in the drop-down lists for the prefix and
suffix part of the customer name.

To configure the customer name and address:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Customers, choose Customer Configuration.

3. Expand the Name and Address Options section.

Name and Address Options

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1. Enter the Number of Lines in a Street Address. If left blank, the street address defaults to 2.

2. To include a prefix before the name, do the following:

a. Set Show Prefix to one of the following:

l Optional
l Required

b. In the Prefix Dropdown Options field, enter each prefix that you want to appear in the
list, separated by a semicolon. Place a semicolon before the first value to display an empty
value at the top of the list.

3. To include a suffix after the name, do the following:

a. Set Show Suffix to one of the following:

l Optional
l Required

b. In the Suffix Dropdown Options field, enter each prefix that you want to appear in the
list, separated by a semicolon. Place a semicolon before the first value to display an empty
value at the top of the list.

4. To include additional fields, do the following:

a. Set Show Date of Birth to Yes.

b. Set Show Tax/VAT Number to Yes.

c. Set Show Gender to Yes.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Password Options
The customer password options control the level of security that is used for password reset
requests, and determines the email templates that are used for customer notification, and the
lifetime of the password recovery link. You can allow customers to change their own passwords,
or require that only store administrators can do so

To configure customer password options:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Customers, choose Customer Configuration. Then, expand
the Password Options section.

Password Options

3. Set Password Reset Protection Type to the method you want to use for managing password
reset requests:

By IP and Email The password can be reset online after a response is received from a reset
notification sent to the email address associated with the Admin account.

By IP The password can be reset online without additional confirmation.

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By Email The password can be reset only by responding to an email notification that is
sent to the email address associated with the Admin account.

None The password can be reset only by the store administrator.

4. To limit the number of password reset requests sent per hour, do the following:

a. In the Max Number of Password Reset Requests field, enter the maximum number of
password reset requests that can be sent per hour.

b. In the Min Time Between Password Reset Requests field, enter the minimum number of
minutes that must elapse between requests.

5. To configure the password reset email notification, do the following:

a. Set Forgot Email Template to the template that is used for the email sent to customers
who have forgotten their passwords.

b. Set Remind Email Template to the template that is used when a password hint is sent to
customers.

c. Set Reset Password Template to the template that is used when customers change their
passwords.

d. Set Password Template Email Sender to the store contact that appears as the sender of
password-related notifications.

6. Complete the following password reset security options:

a. In the Recovery Link Expiration Period (hours) field, enter the number of hours before the
password recovery link expires.

b. In the Number of Required Character Classes field, enter the number of different
character types that must be included in a password, based on the following character
classes:

l Lowercase
l Uppercase
l Numeric
l Special Characters

c. In the Maximum Login Failures to Lockout Account field, enter the number of failed
login attempts until the Admin account is locked. For unlimited attempts, enter zero (0).

d. In the Minimum Password Length field, enter the minimum number of characters that
can be used in a password. The number must be greater than zero.

e. In the Lockout Time (minutes) field, enter the number of minutes an Admin account is
locked after too many failed attempts to log in.

7. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Customer Groups
Customer groups determine which discounts are available, and the tax class that is associated
with the group. The default customer groups are General, Not Logged In, and Wholesale.

Customer Groups

To create a customer group:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Other Settings, choose Customer Groups.

2. Tap Add New Customer Group. Then, do the following:

a. Enter a unique Group Name less than 32 characters to identify the group.

b. Select the Tax Class that applies to the group.

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Group Information

3. When complete, tap Save Customer Group.

To edit a customer group:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Other Settings, choose Customer Groups.

2. Open the record in edit mode.

3. Make the necessary changes.

4. When complete, tap Save Customer Group.

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To assign a customer to a different group:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Customers. Then, choose All Customers.

2. Find the customer in the list, and mark the checkbox in the first column. Then, do the
following:

a. Set the Actions control to Assign a Customer Group.

b. Set the Group control to the new group.

c. When prompted to confirm, tap OK.

Assign a Customer Group

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SALES

655
 Contents Grid Layout
Order Workflow
In this section of the guide, youll learn how to Processing Orders
manage all apsects of the order process, Order Status
including point of purchase support, order Order Status Workflow
processing, payments, and fulfillment.
Custom Order Status
Sales Menu Scheduled Operations
Pending Payment Order Lifetime
Point of Purchase Scheduled Grid Updates
Cart Invoices
Cart Configuration Creating an Invoice
Cart Sidebar Printing Invoices
Redirect to Cart Shipments
Quote Lifetime Credit Memos
Minimum Order Amount Product Return Workflow
Allow Reorders Issuing a Credit Memo
Cart Thumbnails Printing Credit Memos
Persistent Cart Billing Agreements
Persistent Cart Workflow Transactions
Conguring a Persistent Cart
Shopping Assistance Payments
Managing a Shopping Cart Shipping
Creating a Customer Account
Updating a Customer Account
Creating an Order
Updating an Order
Checkout
Checkout Step 1
Checkout Step 2
Order Confirmation
Order Receipt
Checkout Configuration
Checkout Options
Checkout Totals Sort Order
Terms and Conditions
One Page Checkout
Orders
Orders
Orders Workspace
Order Actions
Order Search

656
 CHAPTER 45:

Sales Menu
The Sales menu lists transactions according to where they are in the order workflow. You might
think of each of option as a different stage in the lifetime of an order.

Sales Menu

To display the Sales menu:

On the Admin sidebar, tap Sales .

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Menu Options
Orders
When an order is placed, a sales order is created as a
temporary record of the transaction. Payment has not
been processed, and the order can still be canceled.

Invoices
An invoice is a record of the receipt of payment for an
order. Multiple invoices can be created for a single order,
each with as many, or as few of the purchased products
that you specify. Depending on the payment action,
payment can be automatically captured when the invoice
is generated.

Shipments
A shipment is a record of the products in an order that
have been shipped. As with invoices, multiple shipments
can be associated with a single order, until all of the
products in the order are shipped.

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Billing Agreements
A billing agreement is similar to a purchase order, except
that it isnt limited to a single purchase. During checkout,
the customer chooses Billing Agreement as the payment
method. A billing agreement streamlines the checkout
process because the customer doesnt have to enter
payment information for each purchase.

Transactions
The Transactions page lists all payment activity that has
taken place between your store and all payment
systems, and provides access to more detailed
information.

Archive
Archiving orders and other sales documents on a regular
basis improves performance and keeps your workspace
free of unnecessary information.

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Point of Purchase

661
 Contents
In this section of the guide, youll learn how to
configure the cart and checkout options, and
Cart
offer assistance to your customers.
Cart Configuration
Cart Sidebar
Redirect to Cart
Quote Lifetime
Minimum Order Amount
Allow Reorders
Cart Thumbnails
Persistent Cart
Persistent Cart Workflow
Conguring a Persistent Cart

Shopping Assistance
Managing a Shopping Cart
Creating a Customer Account
Updating a Customer Account
Creating an Order
Updating an Order

662
 CHAPTER 46:

Shopping Cart
The cart is positioned at the end of the path to purchase, at the intersection of Buy and
Abandon, and is perhaps, the most important page in the store. The cart is where the order
total is calculated, along with discount coupons and estimated shipping and tax. Its a great
place to show your trust badges and seals, and an ideal opportunity to offer one last item. You
can choose the items to be offered as a cross-sell impulse purchase whenever a specific item
appears in the cart.

Shopping Cart

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Cart Configuration
The cart configuration determines the when the customer is redirected to the cart page, and
which images are used for product thumbnails. You can require an order to reach a minimum
amount before the checkout process begins, specify the number of days quoted prices remain
valid, and specify the order of items in the Totals section.

l My Cart Link
l Cart Sidebar
l Redirect to Cart
l Quote Lifetime
l Minimum Order Amount
l Cart Thumbnails

See also:
Checkout Configuration

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My Cart Link
The cart link in the upper-right corner of the header gives a quick summary of the contents of
the cart. The link can be configured to display the number of different products (or SKUs) in the
cart, or the total quantity of all items. If the Shopping Cart Sidebar is enabled, you can click the
link to display more detail.

Cart Link

To configure the cart link:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Checkout.

3. Expand the My Cart Link section.

4. Set Display Cart Summary to one of the following:

l Display item quantities

l Display number of items (different products) in cart.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

My Cart Link

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Cart Sidebar
The Cart Sidebar is often called the mini cart,and displays a summary of the items in the
cart. It is enabled by default, and appears when you click the number of items in the Cart Link.

Shopping Cart Sidebar

To configure the mini cart:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Checkout.

3. Expand the Shopping Cart Sidebar section. Then, do the following:

Shopping Cart Sidebar

a. Set Display Shopping Cart Sidebar to your preference.

b. In the Maximum Display Recently Added Item(s) field, enter the maximum number of
recently added items that you want to appear in the mini cart.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Redirect to Cart
The shopping cart page can be configured to appear whenever an item is added to the cart, or
only when customers choose to go to the page. The basic information about the items currently
in the cart is always available in the mini cart, The decision is a matter of balancing the
benefits letting customers continue shopping, with the benefit of encouraging customers to
proceed to checkout. If might be simply a matter of personal preference. However, if you want
back it up with numbers, you can run an A/B test to see which approach produces a higher
conversion rate.

To configure when the cart appears:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Checkout.

3. Expand the Shopping Cart section.

4. Set After Adding a Product Redirect to Shopping Cart to your preference.

5. Tap Save Config.

Redirect to Cart

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Quote Lifetime
You can determine how long a price is valid by setting the cart quote lifetime in the
configuration. For example, if a shopper leaves a cart unattended after several days, the quotes
price for some items might no longer be the same. By default, the quote lifetime is set to thirty
days.

To configure the quote lifetime:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Checkout.

3. Expand the Shopping Cart section.

4. In the Quote Lifetime (days) field, enter the number of days that a quoted price remains valid.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

Shopping Cart

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Minimum Order Amount

The configuration allows you to specify a minimum amount, after discounts are applied, that
order subtotals are required to meet. Orders shipped to multiple address can be required to
meet the minimum order amount per address. The Checkout button becomes available only
after the minimum order amount is reached.

Minimum Order Message in Cart

To configure a minimum order amount:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Sales, choose Sales.

3. Expand the Minimum Order Amount section. Then, do the following:

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Minimum Order Amount

a. To require a minimum order amount, set Enable to Yes.

b. Enter the Minimum Amount that is required for the subtotal, after discounts are applied.

c. Set Include Tax to Amount to one of the following:

Yes Requires the subtotal to meet the minimum amount with tax included.

No Requires the subtotal to meet the minimum amount without tax.

d. To change the default message that appears at the top of the cart when the subtotal
doesnt meet the minimum amount, enter the text in the Description Message box. Leave
the box blank to use the default message.

e. To change the default error message, enter the text in the Error to Show in Shopping Cart
box.

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f. To require that each address in a multi-address order meet the minimum order amount,
set Validate Each Address Separately in Multi-address Checkout to Yes.

g. To change the default message at the top of the cart for orders that are to be shipped to
multiple addresses, but do not meet the minimum, enter the text in the Multi-address
Description Message box.

h. To change the default error message for orders that are to be shipped to multiple
addresses, but do not meet the minimum, enter the text in the Multi-address Error to
Show in Shopping Cart box.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Cart Thumbnails
The thumbnail images in the cart give customers a quick overview of the items they are about
to purchase. However, for products with multiple options, the image might not match the
variation of the product that is in the cart. If the customer purchases an item in a specific
color, ideally, the thumbnail in the cart should match.

The thumbnail image for both grouped and configurable products can be set to display the
image from either the parent product or from the product variation. The setting applies to all
grouped or configurable products in the current store view.

Thumbnail Images in Cart

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To configure cart thumbnails:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Checkout.

3. Expand the Shopping Cart section. Then, do the following:

Shopping Cart

a. Set Grouped Product Image to one of the following:

l Product Thumbnail Itself

l Parent Product Thumbnail

b. Set Configurable Product Image to one of the following:

l Product Thumbnail Itself

l Parent Product Thumbnail

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Persistent Cart
A persistent shopping cart keeps track of unpurchased items which are left in the cart, and
saves the information for the customers next visit. Customers who are remembered can have
the contents of their shopping carts restored the next time they visit your store.

Using a persistent shopping cart can help reduce the number of abandoned shopping carts and
increase sales. It is important to understand that the persistent shopping cart does not expose
sensitive account information at any time. While the persistent shopping cart is use, both
registered customers and guest shoppers are required to either log in to an existing account, or
create a new account before going through checkout. For guest shoppers, a persistent shopping
cart is the only way to retrieve information from a previous session.

To use the persistent shopping cart, the customers browser must be set to allow cookies.
During operation, the following cookies are used:

Session Cookie

A short-term session cookie exists for the duration of a single visit to your site, and
expires when the customer leaves, or after a set period of time.

Persistent Cookie

A long-term persistent cookie continues in existence after the end of the session,
and saves a record of the customers shopping contents for future reference.

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Persistent Cart Workflow

When Persistent Shopping Cart is enabled, the workflow depends on the values of the Enable
Remember Me and Clear Persistence on Log Out settings, the customers decision to select or
clear the Remember Me checkbox, and when the persistent cookie is cleared.

When a persistent cookie is applied, a Not %Jane Smith%? link appears in the page header, to
give the customer the ability to terminate the persistent session and start working as a guest,
or log in as a different customer. The system retains a record of the shopping cart contents,
even if the customer later uses different devices to shop in your store. For example, a customer
can add an item to the shopping cart from a laptop, edit the cart contents from a desktop
computer, add more items from a mobile device, and complete the checkout process from a
tablet.

There is a separate independent persistent cookie for each browser. If the customer uses
multiple browsers while visiting your store during a single, persistent session, any changes
made in one browser will be reflected in any other browser when the page is refreshed. While
the persistent shopping cart is enabled, your store creates and maintains a separate persistent
cookie for each browser that is used by a customer to log in or create an account.

An Open Session on a Shared Computer

Jane is finishing up her holiday shopping with a persistent session, and adds a present for John
to her cart, as well as something for her mother. Then she goes to the kitchen for some milk and
cookies.

John sits down at the computer to do some quick shopping while Janes in the kitchen. Without
noticing the Not %Jane% link at the top of the page, he finds a nice present for Jane and adds
it to the cart. When he goes to checkout and logs in as himself, both the items in Janes cart are
added to his cart. Johns in such a hurry that he doesnt notice the additional item during Order
Review, and submits the order. Janes cart is now empty, and John bought presents for both
Jane and her mother.

Jane brings John some milk and cookies, and asks, Whats up? He says, Oh, nothing.

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Remember Me
Customers can click the Remember Me checkbox on the Login page to save the contents of the
their shopping carts.

Yes A persistent cookie is created, and the contents of the shopping

cart is saved for the customers next logged-in session.

No If Remember Me is not selected or is cleared, a persistent

cookie is not created, and the cart information is not saved for the
customers next logged-in session.

Continue Persistence on Logout (No)

No When the customer logs in, the persistent cookie is invoked, in

addition to the session cookie which is already in use.

No When the customer logs out, the session cookie is deleted, but
the persistent cookie remains in effect. The next time the
customer logs in, the cart items are restored, or added to any new
items that have been placed in the cart.

No If the customer does not log out, but the session cookie expires,
the persistent cookie remains in effect.

Clear Persistence on Logout (Yes)

Yes When the customer logs in, the persistent cookie is invoked, in
addition to the session cookie which is already in use.

Yes When the customer logs out, both cookies are deleted.

Yes If the customer does not log out, but the session cookie expires,
the persistent cookie remains in effect.

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Persistent Cart Settings and Effects

SETTINGS EFFECT
Enable Remember Me = No The Remember Me checkbox is not available on
Clear Persistence on Log Out = any value the login and registration page. The persistent
cookie is not used.

Enable Remember Me = Yes The session cookie is applied as usual; the

Clear Persistence on Log Out = any value persistent cookie is not used.
Remember Me (not selected)

Enable Remember Me = Yes When a customer logs in, both cookies are
Clear Persistence on Log Out = Yes applied. When a customer logs out, both cookies
are deleted. If a customer does not log in, but the
Remember Me = Yes
session cookie expires, the persistent cookie is
still used. Apart from logging out, the persistent
cookie is deleted when its lifetime runs out or when
the customer clicks the Not %Jane Smith% link.

Enable Remember Me = Yes When a customer logs in, both cookies are
Clear Persistence on Log Out = No applied. When a customer logs out, the session
cookie is deleted, the persistent session
Remember Me = Yes
continues. The persistent cookie is deleted when
its lifetime runs out or when the customer clicks
the Not %Jane Smith% link.

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Configuring a Persistent Cart

During the setup of a persistent shopping cart, you can specify the lifetime of the cookies, and
which options you want to make available for various customer activities.

If the session cookie expires while the customer is logged in, the persistent cookie remains active.

To configure a persistent cart:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Customers, choose Persistent Shopping Cart.

3. If necessary, expand the General Options section.

4. To enable the persistent shopping cart and display additional options, set Enable Persistence
to Yes. Then, do the following:

General Options

a. In the Persistence Lifetime (seconds) field, enter the length of time, in seconds, that you
want the persistent cookie to last. The default value of 31,536,000 seconds is equal to one
year, and is the maximum time allowed.

b. Set Enable Remember Me to one of the following:

Yes Displays the Remember Me checkbox on the Login page of your store, so
customers can choose to save their shopping cart information.

No Persistence can still be enabled, but customers are not given the option to
choose if they want to save their information.

c. To preselect the Remember Me checkbox, set Remember Me Default Value to Yes.

d. Set Clear Persistence on Log Out to one of the following:

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Yes The shopping cart is cleared when a registered customer logs out.

No The shopping cart is saved when a registered customer logs out.

If the session cookie expires while the customer is still logged in, the persistent cookie remains
in use.

e. Set Persist Shopping Cart to one of the following:

Yes If the session cookie expires, the persistent cookie is preserved. If a guest
shopper later logs in or creates a new account, the shopping cart is restored.

No The shopping cart is not preserved for guests after the session cookie
expires.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Shopping Assistance
Customers sometimes need assistance to complete a purchase. Some customers like to shop
online, but would rather the order by phone. You can offer immediate assistance both guests
and customers who have registered for an account with your store.

l Creating Customer Accounts

l Creating Orders

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Creating Customer Accounts

Customers usually create their own accounts from your store. However, you can also create
customer accounts directly from the Admin, which is useful when customers order by phone.

New Customer Account Information

Step 1: Create a New Customer Account

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Customers. Then, choose All Customers.

2. Tap Add New Customer.

3. In the Account Information section, do the following:

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Customer Information

a. To associate the customer with a specific store view, set Associate to Website to the view.

b. Assign the customer to a Customer Group.

c. If using VATIDValidation, and want to Disable Automatic Group Change Based on

VATID, mark the checkbox.

4. Complete the following required fields:

l First Name
l Last Name
l Email

5. Complete the optional fields as needed:

l Prefix
l Middle Name/Initial
l Suffix
l Date Of Birth
l Tax/VAT Number
l Gender

6. Set Send Welcome Email From to the customer identity to appear as the sender of the
Welcome email.

7. Tap Save and Continue Edit.

When the customer account is saved, the full set of options appears in the panel on the left
and in the menu at the top of the page. The Customer View tab displays a summary of account
activity.

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Customer Account Saved

Step 2: Complete the Customer Address and Contact Information

1. In the panel on the left, choose Addresses. Then, do the following:

a. To add a new address, tap Add New Addresses.

Add Address to New Customer Account

b. To define the type of address, mark one of the following checkboxes:

l Default Billing Address

l Default Shipping Address

c. If the name of another person is associated with the address, complete the name
information as needed. If the name fields are left blank, the customer name will be used
for the address.

d. Complete the following address fields as needed:

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l Company
l Street Address
l City
l Country
l State/Province
l Zip/Postal Code

e. Complete the following information if available:

l Phone Number
l Fax
l VAT Number

2. When complete, tap Save Customer.

Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION

ACCOUNT INFORMATION

Associate to Website Identifies the website associated with the customer account.

Group Identifies the customer group to which the customer belongs. Select
the checkbox to disable automatic group change based on VAT.

Prefix If used, the prefix that is associated with the customers name. For
example: Mr, Mrs. or Dr. Depending on the configuration, the input
control might be a text field or a drop-down list of options.

First Name The customer's first name.

Middle Name / Initial The customer's middle name or middle initial.

Last Name The customer's last name.

Suffix If used, the suffix that is associated with the customer's name. For
example: Jr.,Sr., or III. Depending on the configuration, the input
control might be a text field or a drop-down list of options.

Email The customer's email address.

Date Of Birth The customer's date of birth.

Tax / VAT Number The customer's Tax or Value Added Tax number, if applicable.

Gender Identifies the customer's gender as Male or Female.

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Field Descriptions (cont.)

FIELD DESCRIPTION
Send Welcome Email If you have multiple stores, select the store from which the welcome
From message will be sent.

ADDRESSES

New Addressees Identifies the type of new address. Options:

Default Billing Address
Default Shipping Address

Add New Addresses Displays another New Address section to identify the type of the
address to be entered.

Company The company name, if applicable for this address.

Street Address The street address of the customer. The second line of the street
address can be used if needed.

City The city where the customer resides at this address.

Country The country where the customer resides at this address.

State/Province The state or province of the customer at this address.

Zip/Postal Code The ZIPor postal code of the customer at this address.

Phone Number The phone number where the customer can be reached at this
address.

Fax The fax number where the customer can be reached at this address.

VATNumber If applicable, the value added tax number that applies to the customer
at this address.

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Updating Customer Accounts

The panel on the left of the Customer Information page includes information about customer
activity, such as when the customer last signed in or out of their account, addresses, order
statistics, recent orders, shopping cart contents, product reviews, newsletter subscriptions, and
so on.

Customer Account

To update customer information:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Customers. Then, choose All Customers.

2. Find the customer in the grid. Then in the Action column, click Edit.

3. In the panel on the left, choose the type of information you need to edit. Then, make any
necessary changes to the customer account.

4. When complete, tap Save Customer.

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Account Options
OPTION DESCRIPTION
Reset Resets any unsaved changes in the customer form to their previous
values.

Create Order Creates a new order that is associated with the customer account.

Reset Password Resets the customers password.

Force Sign-In Clears the tokens associated with the customers password, and
provides the administrator access to the account,

Save and Continue Edit Saves any changes to the customer account, and keeps the
customer record open.

Save Customer Saves any changes tot he customer account, and closes the
customer record.

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Creating a Customer Order

For registered customers who need assistance, you can create an entire order directly from the
Admin. The Create New Order form includes all the information that is needed to complete the
normal checkout process, with activity summaries from the customers account dashboard.

Create New Order

To create a new order:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Customers.

2. Find the customer in the grid. Then in the Action column, click Edit.

3. In the workspace header, tap Create Order.

4. If your store has multiple views, choose the store view where the order is to be placed. .

5. To add products from the Customers Activities, mark the checkbox of each product in the
panel on the left. Then, scroll down and tap UpdateChanges . The item appears in the order
form.

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Add to Cart

6. To add products from the catalog, tap Add Products. Then, do the following:

Add Products

a. In the grid, mark the checkbox of each product to be added to the cart, and enter the Qty
to be purchased.

Select Products

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b. If the product has multiple options, tap Configure. Complete the options as needed, and
tap OK. Then, click the Add Selected Product(s) to Order link to update the cart.

c. To override the price of an item, mark the Custom Price checkbox. Then, enter the new
price in the box below. To update the cart totals, tap Update Items and Quantities.

Custom Price
d. Complete the following sections as needed for the order:

l Apply Coupon Codes

l Payment Method
l Shipping Method
l Order Comments

7. When complete, tap Submit Order. A confirmation is sent to the customer, and the customer
can view the order details from their account.

Order Created

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Updating an Order
After a customer places an order, it is sometimes necessary to edit the order, place it on hold,
or cancel it entirely. When you change an order, the original order is canceled and a new order
is generated. You can, however, change the billing or shipping address without generating a
new order.

Edit Order

To edit an order:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Sales. Then under Operations, choose Orders.

2. Find the order to be edited. Then in the Action column, click the View link.

3. Tap Edit. When prompted to confirm, tap OK to continue.

4. Make the necessary changes to the order.

5. When complete, do one of the following:

l To save changes made to the billing or shipping address, tap Save.

l To save changes made to line items, and reprocess the order, tap Submit Order.

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To place an order on hold:

If the customers preferred method of payment is not available, or if the item is temporarily out
of stock, you can put the order on hold.

1. In the Orders grid, find the pending order that you want to place on hold.

2. In the Action column, click the View link.

3. Tap Hold to place the order on hold.

Hold Order

4. When you are ready to return the order to an active state, repeat the process and tap Unhold.

To cancel an order:

Canceling an order changes its status from Pending to Canceled.

1. In the Orders grid, find the pending order to be canceled.

2. In the Action column, click the View link.

3. Tap Cancel.

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Cancel Order
The status of the order is now Canceled.

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Checkout
When the checkout process begins, the transaction shifts to a secure, encrypted channel. A
padlock symbol appears in the address bar of the browser, and the URL changes from http to
https.

From this point on, the goal is to gather the information necessary to complete the transaction.
The Checkout page leads the customer through each step of the process. Customers who are
logged into their accounts can complete checkout quickly, because much of the information is
already in their accounts.

Checkout Steps
Step 1: Shipping
The first step of the checkout process is for the customer
to complete the shipping address information, and to
choose the shipping method.

Step 2: Review & Payments

During the second step of the checkout process, the
customer chooses the payment method, and applies any
coupons with promotional codes to the purchase.
The order confirmation appears after the order is placed.
For registered customers, the page includes the order
number with a link to the customers account, and a link
to generate a receipt.

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Checkout Step 1: Shipping

The first step of the checkout process is for the customer to complete the shipping address
information, and to choose the shipping method. If the customer has an account, the shipping
address is entered automatically, but can be changed if needed. The progress bar at the top of
the page follows each step of the checkout process, and the Order Summary shows the
information entered so far.

Checkout Step 1:Shipping

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Checkout Step 2: Review & Payments

During the second step of the checkout process, the customer chooses the payment method,
and applies any coupons with promotional codes to the purchase. All information can be
reviewed, and edited if needed. If enabled, the customer must to agree to the terms and
conditions of the sale before placing the order.

Review & Payments

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Order Confirmation
The order confirmation appears after the order is placed. For registered customers, the page
includes the order number with a link to the customers account, and a link to generate a
receipt. Registered customers are told that they will receive order confirmation and tracking
info by email. Guests are encouraged to create an account to track the order. Registered
customers can generate a receipt by clicking a link

The order confirmation page is also called the Success page, and is used by analytics
programs to track conversions.

Order Confirmation

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Checkout Configuration
The checkout configuration determines the format of the page, the requirements to make a
purchase, and the options that are presented during the checkout process.

l Guest Checkout
l Terms and Conditions
l One Page Checkout
l Checkout Totals Sort Order

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Checkout Options
The checkout configuration determines the layout of the checkout page, and if shoppers must
register for an account and agree to the terms and conditions of the sale before making a
purchase.

To change the checkout options:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Checkout.

3. Expand the Checkout Options section.

4. Set the following to your preference:

l Enable Onepage Checkout

l Allow Guest Checkout
l Enable Terms and Conditions

Checkout Options

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Guest Checkout
Your store can be configured to require that shoppers open an account before making a
purchase, or to allow unregistered guests to go through the checkout process. The default
setting allows guests to make purchases, with an option to register for an account after they
complete the checkout process.

Checkout as Guest

To change the guest checkout setting:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Checkout.

3. Expand the Checkout Options section.

4. If necessary, clear the Use system value checkbox. Then, do the following:

a. If the setting is for a specific store view, choose the store view where the configuration
applies.

b. When prompted, tap OKto continue.

5. Set Allow Guest Checkout to your preference:

Checkout Options

6. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Terms and Conditions

When Terms and Conditions is enabled, customers are required to agree to the terms and
conditions of the sale before the purchase is finalized. The Terms and Conditions of the sale
typically includes disclosure information that might be required by law for B2C or B2B sites,
and outlines the rights of the buyer and seller. The Terms and Conditions message appears
after the payment information, just before the Place Order button.

Terms and Conditions at Checkout

Step 1: Enable Terms and Conditions

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Checkout.

3. Expand the Checkout Options section. Then, do the following:

a. Verify that Enable Onepage Checkout is set to Yes.

b. Set Enable Terms and Conditions to Yes.

Checkout Options

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Step 2: Add Your Terms and Conditions

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Terms and Conditions.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap Add New Condition.

Terms and Conditions Information

3. In the Terms and Conditions Information section, complete the following:

New Condition

a. Enter the Condition Name for internal reference.

b. Set Status to Enabled.

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c. Set Show Content as to one of the following:

Text Displays the terms and conditions content as unformatted text.

HTML Displays the content as HTML which can be formatted..

4. Select each Store View where the Terms and Conditions is to be used.

5. Enter the Checkbox Text to be used as the text for the Terms and Conditions link. For
example, I understand and accept the terms and conditions of the sale.

6. In the Content box, enter the full text of the terms and conditions of the sale.

7. (Optional) Enter the Content Height (css) in pixels, to determine the height of the text box
where the terms and conditions statement appears during checkout. For example, to make the
text box one inch high on a 96 dpi display, enter 96. A scroll bar appears if the content
extends beyond the height of the box.

8. When complete, tap Save Condition.

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One Page Checkout

The purpose of OnePage Checkout is to gather the information that is needed, and complete the
sale as quickly as possible. When Onepage Checkout is enabled, the entire checkout process
takes place on a single page. Each section of the checkout information is expanded as needed.

Magentos Onepage Checkout is enabled by default. If you are implementing a custom

integration or checkout extension, it might be necessary to disable Onepage Checkout.

To disable Onepage Checkout:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Checkout.

Checkout Options

3. Expand the Checkout Options section.

4. If necessary, clear the Use system value checkbox. Then, do the following:

a. If the setting is for a specific store view, choose the store view where the configuration
applies.

b. When prompted, tap OKto continue.

5. Set Enable Onepage Checkout to No.

6. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Gift Options
The selection of available gift options appears during the Shipping Method step of the checkout
process. The Gift Options configuration determines if customers have the option to add a gift
message to the complete order, and for individual items. The scope of the Gift Options
configuration applies to the entire website, but can be overridden at the product level. .

Gift Options

To enable gift options:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Sales, choose Sales.

3. Expand the Gift Options section.

4. If necessary, clear the Use system value checkbox. Then, do the following:

a. If the setting is for a specific store view, choose the store view where the configuration
applies.

b. When prompted, tap OKto continue.

5. Set the Gift Message options according to your preference:

l Allow Gift Messages on Order Level

l Allow Gift Messages for Order Items

6. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Checkout Totals Sort Order

During Order Review, the total appears at the bottom of the order, with any adjustments for
discounts, shipping charges, store credit, and tax. The order of each item determines the
sequence of the calculations, and is set in the configuration by a number that is assigned to
each item. For example, the Subtotal is the first item in the section, and is assigned a value of
10. The Grand Total appears last, and is assigned a value of 100. All of the other items in the
totals section are assigned a value between those values.

Checkout Totals

To configure the checkout totals:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Sales.

3. Expand the Checkout Totals Sort Order section.

Checkout Totals Sort Order

4. If necessary, clear the Use system value checkbox. Then, do the following:

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a. If the setting is for a specific store view, choose the store view where the configuration
applies.

b. When prompted, tap OKto continue.

5. Change the number assigned to each item to determine its order in the Totals section..

6. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Order Management

709
 Contents
In this section of the guide, you will learn about Orders
each stage of the order workflow, and how to
process orders, create invoices, and shipments. Orders Workspace
You will also learn how to issue credit memos Order Actions
and manage returns. Order Search
Grid Layout

Order Workflow
Processing Orders

Order Status
Order Status Workflow
Custom Order Status

Scheduled Operations
Pending Payment Order Lifetime
Scheduled Grid Updates

Invoices
Creating an Invoice
Printing Invoices

Shipments

Credit Memos
Product Return Workflow
Issuing a Credit Memo
Printing Credit Memos

Billing Agreements

Transactions

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 CHAPTER 49:

Orders
The Orders workspace lists all current orders. Each row in the grid represents an order, and
each column represents an attribute, or data field. Use the standard controls to sort and filter
the list, find orders, and apply actions to selected orders. You can view existing orders, and
create new orders. The tabs above the pagination controls can be used to filter the list, change
the default view, change and rearrange columns, and export data.

Orders

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Workspace Controls
CONTROL DESCRIPTION
Search Initiates a search for orders based on keywords entered in the search
box, and current filters.

Create New Order Creates a new order.

Go to Archive Displays the list of archived orders.

Search Initiates a search for orders based on the current filters.

Reset Filter Restores all filters to a blank state.

Actions Lists all actions that can be applied to selected orders. To apply an
action to an order, or group of orders, mark the checkbox in the first
column of each order. Order actions:
Cancel
Hold
Unhold
Print Invoices
Print Packing Slips
Print Credit Memos
Print All
Move to Archive

Mass Actions Can be used to select multiple records as the target of action. Mark
the checkbox in the first column of each record that is subject to the
action. Options: Select All, Unselect All, Select Visible, and
Unselect Visible

Submit Applies the current action to the selected order records.

Edit Opens the order in edit mode.

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Columns
COLUMN DESCRIPTION
Selection State Filters the list of orders based on checkbox status. Options:

Any Lists all records, regardless of checkbox status.

Yes Lists only records with the checkbox marked.

No Lists only records without the checkbox marked.

ID A unique, sequential number that is assigned when a new order is

saved for the first time.

Purchase Point Identifies the store view where the order was placed.

Purchase Date The date the order was placed.

Bill-to Name The name of the person who is responsible to pay for the order.

Ship-to Name The name of the person to whom the order is to be shipped.

Grand Total (Base) The grand total of the order.

Grand Total (Purchased) The grand total of products purchased in the order.

Status The current order status.

Action The View link opens the order.

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Order Workspace
The Order workspace lists all current orders. Each row in the grid represents a customer order,
and each column represents an attribute, or data field . Use the standard controls to sort and
filter the list, find orders, and apply actions to selected orders. From the grid, you can view
existing orders, and create new orders. The tabs above the pagination controls are used to filter
the list, change the default view, change and rearrange columns, and export data.

Orders

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Workspace Controls
CONTROL DESCRIPTION
Search Initiates a search for orders based on keywords entered in the search
box, and current filters.

Create New Order Creates a new order.

Go to Archive Displays the list of archived orders.

Search Initiates a search for orders based on the current filters.

Reset Filter Restores all filters to a blank state.

Actions Lists all actions that can be applied to selected orders. To apply an
action to an order, or group of orders, mark the checkbox in the first
column of each order. Order actions:
Cancel
Hold
Unhold
Print Invoices
Print Packing Slips
Print Credit Memos
Print All
Move to Archive

Mass Actions Can be used to select multiple records as the target of action. Mark
the checkbox in the first column of each record that is subject to the
action. Options: Select All, Unselect All, Select Visible, and
Unselect Visible

Submit Applies the current action to the selected order records.

Edit Opens the order in edit mode.

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Columns
COLUMN DESCRIPTION
Selection State Filters the list of orders based on checkbox status. Options:

Any Lists all records, regardless of checkbox status.

Yes Lists only records with the checkbox marked.

No Lists only records without the checkbox marked.

ID A unique, sequential number that is assigned when a new order is

saved for the first time.

Purchase Point Identifies the store view where the order was placed.

Purchase Date The date the order was placed.

Bill-to Name The name of the person who is responsible to pay for the order.

Ship-to Name The name of the person to whom the order is to be shipped.

Grand Total (Base) The grand total of the order.

Grand Total (Purchased) The grand total of products purchased in the order.

Status The current order status. Options:

Action The View link opens the order.

Order Actions
To apply an action to specific orders, mark the checkbox in the first column of each order. To
select or deselect all orders, use the control at the top of the column.

Order Actions

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Order Search
The Search box in the upper-left of the Orders grid can be used to find specific orders by
keyword, or by filtering the order records in the grid.

Search Results

To search for a match:

1. Enter a search term into the page search box.

2. Tap Search ( ) to display the results.

To filter the search:

1. Tap the Filters ( ) tab to display the selection of search filters.

2. Complete as many of the filters as needed to describe the order(s) that you want to find.

3. Tap Apply Filters to display the results.

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Order Filters

Search Filters
FILTER DESCRIPTION
ID Filters the search based on order ID.

Bill-to Name Filters the search by the name of the person who is responsible to
pay for the order.

Ship-to Name Filters the search by the name of the person to whom each order is
shipped .

Purchase Point Filters the search by website, store, or store view where the order
was placed.

Status Filters the search based on order status. Options:

Canceled
Closed
Complete
Suspected Fraud
On Hold
Payment Review
PayPal Canceled Reversal
Pending
Pending Payment
Processing

Purchase Date Filters the search based on the date purchased. To find orders within
a range of dates, enter both the From and To dates.

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Search Filters (cont.)

FILTER DESCRIPTION
Grand Total (Base) Filters the search based on the Grand Total of each order.

Grand Total (Purchased) Filters the search based on Grand Total of items purchased in each
order.

Apply Filters Applies all filters to the search.

Cancel Cancels the current search.

Clear All Clears all search filters.

Order Grid Layout

The selection of columns and their order in the grid can be changed according to your
preference. The new layout can be saved as a grid view. By default, only nine of twenty
available columns are included in the grid.

Order Grid Columns

To change the column selection:

In the upper-right corner, tap the Columns ( ) control. Then, do the following:

l Mark the checkbox of any column you want to add to the grid.
l Clear the checkbox of any column you want to remove from the grid.

Make sure to scroll down to see all available columns.

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To move a column:

1. Tap the header of the column, and hold.

2. Drag the column to the new position, and release.

To save a grid view:

1. Tap the View control. Then, tap Save Current View.

2. Enter a name for the view. Then, click the arrow ( ) to save all changes.

The name of the view now appears as the current view.

To change the view:

Tap the View control. Then, do one of the following:

l To use a different view, tap the name of the view.

l To change the name of a view, tap the Edit ( ) icon. Then, update the name.

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Order Workflow
When a customer places an order, a sales order is created as a temporary record of the
transaction. In the Orders grid, sales orders initially have a status of "Pending," and can be
canceled at any time until the payment is processed. After payment is confirmed, the order can
be invoiced and shipped.

Place Order. The checkout process begins when the shopper clicks the Go to Checkout
button on the shopping cart page or reorders directly from their customer account.

Order Pending. In the Orders grid, the status of the sales order is initially Pending.
Payment has not been processed, and the order can still be canceled.

Receive Payment. The status of the order changes to Processing. when payment is
received or authorized. Depending on the payment method, you might receive notification
when the transaction is authorized or processed.

Invoice Order. An order is typically invoiced after payment is received. Some payment
methods generate an invoice automatically when payment is authorized and captured.
The payment method determines which invoicing options are needed for the order. After
the invoice is generated and submitted, a copy is sent to the customer.

Ship Order. The shipment is submitted, and the packing slip and shipping label are
printed. The customer receives notification, and the package is shipped. If tracking
numbers are used, the shipment can be tracked from the customers account.

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Processing Orders
When a customer places an order, a sales order is created as a temporary record of the
transaction. The sales order has a status of Pending until payment is received. Sales orders
can be canceled until an invoice is generated. An easy way to think of it is this: Orders become
invoices, and invoices become shipments. The Orders grid lists all orders, regardless of where
they are in the workflow.

Orders

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To view an order:
1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Sales. Then under Operations, choose Orders.

2. Find the order in the grid, and in the Action column, click View.

l A pending order can be modified, put on hold, canceled, or invoiced and shipped.
l A completed order can be reordered.

View Order

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Allow Reorders
When enabled, reorders can be made directly from the customer account or from the original
order in the Admin. Reorders are enabled by default.

Customer Reorder Link in Admin

To configure customer reorders:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Sales, choose Sales.

3. Expand the Reorder section.

Reorder

4. Set Allow Reorder to your preference.

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Order Status
All orders have an order status that is associated with a stage in the order processing workflow.
The status of each order is shown in the Status column of the Orders grid. Your store has a set
of predefined order status and order state settings. The order state describes the position of an
order in the workflow.

OrderStatus

Predefined Order Status

ORDER STATUS STATUS CODE
Processing processing

Suspected Fraud fraud

Pending Payment pending_payment

Payment Review payment_review

Pending pending

On Hold holded

Complete complete

Closed closed

Canceled canceled

PayPal Canceled Reversal paypay_canceled_reversal

Pending PayPal pending_paypal

PayPal Reversed paypal_reversed

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Order State
ORDER STATE
New

Pending Payment

Processing When the state of new orders is set to Processing, the option to
Automatically Invoice All Items becomes available in the
configuration.

Complete

Closed

Canceled

On Hold

Payment Review

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Order Status Workflow

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Custom Order Status

In addition to the preset order status settings, you can create custom order status settings of
your own, assign them to order states, and set a default order status for order states. For
example, you might need a custom order status for orders such as packaging or
backordered, or for a status that is specific to your needs. You can create a descriptive name
for the custom status, and assign it to the associated order state in the workflow.

Only default custom order status values are used in the order workflow. Custom status values that
are not set as default can be used only in the comments section of the order.

Order Status Settings

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To create a custom order status:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Order Status.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap Create New Status.

Create New Order Status

3. Under Order Status Information section, do the following:

a. Enter a Status Code for internal reference. The first character must be a letter (a-z), and
the rest can be any combination of letters and numbers (0-9). Use the underscore
character instead of a space.

b. Enter a Status Label to identify the status setting in both the Admin and storefront.

4. In the Store View Specific Labels section, enter any labels that are needed for different store
views.

5. When complete, tap Save Status.

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To assign an order status to a state:

1. On the Order Status page, tap Assign Status to State.

Assign Status

2. In the Assignment Information section, do the following:

a. Choose the Order Status that you want to assign. They are listed by status label.

b. Set Order State to the place in the workflow where the order status belongs.

c. To make this status the default for the order state, mark the Use Order Status as Default
checkbox.

d. To make this status visible from the storefront, mark the Visible On Storefront checkbox.

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Assign Status to State

3. When complete, tap Save Status Assignment.

To edit an existing order status:

1. In the Order Status grid, open the status record in edit mode.

2. Update the status settings as needed.

3. When complete, tap Save Status.

To remove an order status from an assigned state:

A status setting cannot be unassigned from a state if the status is currently in use.

1. In the Order Status grid, find the order status record to be unassigned.

2. In the Action column on the far right of the row, tap the Unassign link.

A message appears at the top of the workspace that the order status has been unassigned.
Although the order status label still appears in the list, it is no longer assigned to a state.
Order status settings cannot be deleted.

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Scheduled Order Operations

Magento cron jobs can be used to schedule the following order management tasks:

l Pending Payment Order Lifetime

l Scheduled Grid Updates

Orders Grid with Pending Orders

Pending Payment Order Lifetime

The lifetime of orders with pending payments is determined by the Orders Cron Settings
configuration.The default value is set to 480 minutes, which is eight hours.

To set the lifetime of orders with pending payments:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Sales.

3. Expand the Orders Cron Settings section.

Orders Cron Settings

4. In the Pending Payment Order Lifetime (minutes) field, enter the number of minutes before a
pending payment expires.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Scheduled Grid Updates

The Grid Settings configuration schedules updates to the following order management grids,
and reindexes the data as scheduled by Cron:

l Orders
l Invoices
l Shipments
l Credit Memos

The benefits of scheduling these tasks is to avoid the locks that occur when data is saved, and
to reduce processing time. When enabled, any updates take place only during the scheduled
cron job. For best results, Cron should be configured to run once every minute.

To enable scheduled grid updates and reindexing:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose Developer.

3. Expand the Grid Settings section.

4. Set Asynchronous Indexing to Enable.

Grid Settings

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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 CHAPTER 50:

Invoices
An invoice is a record of the record of payment for an order. Multiple invoices can be created for
a single order, and each can include as many or as few of the purchased products that you
specify. You can upload a high-resolution logo for a print-ready PDFinvoice, and include the
Order ID in the header. To customize the invoice template with your logo, see: Preparing Your
Invoice Logo.

PDF Invoice

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Creating an Invoice
Creating an invoice for an order converts the temporary sales order into a permanent record of
the order that cannot be canceled. A new invoice page looks similar to a completed order, with
some additional fields. Every activity that is related to an order is noted in the Comments
section of the invoice.

Normally, orders are invoiced and shipped after payment is received. However, if the method of
payment is a purchase order, the order can be invoiced and shipped before payment is received.
You can generate an invoice with a packing slip, and also print shipping labels from your
carrier account. A single order can be divided into partial shipments which are invoiced
separately, if necessary.

When the state of new orders is set to Processing, the option to Automatically Invoice All
Items becomes available in the configuration. To learn more, see: .

Some credit card payment methods complete the invoicing step as part of the process when
Payment Action is set to Authorize and Capture. In such a case, the Invoice button does not
appear, and the order is ready to ship.

Before an invoice can be printed, it must first be generated for the order. To view or print the
PDF, first download and install a PDF reader such as Adobe Acrobat Reader.

Invoices

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To invoice an order:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Sales. Then under Operations, choose Orders.

2. Find the order in the grid, and do the following:

a. In the Action column, click the View link.

b. In the upper-right corner, tap Invoice. The new invoice page looks similar to a completed
order page, with additional fields that can be edited.

The Invoice button does not appear for orders placed with the Authorize and Capture payment
action.

3. If the items are ready to ship, you can generate a packing slip for the shipment at the same
time you create the invoice. To create a packing slip, do the following:

a. In the Shipping Information section, mark the Create Shipment checkbox. A shipment
record will be created at the same time the invoice is generated.

Create Shipment
b. To include a tracking number, tap Add Tracking Number . Then, enter the following:

l Carrier
l Title
l Number

c. If you need to generate a partial invoice, do the following:

In the Items to Invoice section, update the Qty to Invoice column to include only specific
items on the invoice. Then, tap Update Qtys.

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Items to Invoice

4. If an online payment method was used for the order, set Amount to the appropriate option.

5. To notify customers by email when the invoice is generated, do the following:

a. Mark the Email Copy of Invoice checkbox.

b. Enter any Invoice Comments. To include the comments in the notification email, mark
the Append Comments checkbox.

6. When complete, tap Submit Invoice at the bottom of the page. The status of the order changes
from "Pending" to "Complete."

Submit Invoice

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Completed Invoice

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To print the invoice:

1. At the top of the workspace, tap Print to generate a PDF of the invoice

2. Do one of the following:

l Send the PDF invoice to a printer.

l Save the PDF file.

To customize the default invoice, see: Preparing Your Invoice Logo.

Default PDF Invoice

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Payment Actions
PAYMENT ACTION DESCRIPTION
Capture Online Upon invoice submission, the system captures the payment from the
third-party payment gateway. You have the ability to create a credit
memo and void the invoice.

Capture Offline Upon invoice submission, the system does not capture the payment.
It is assumed that the payment is captured directly through the
gateway, and you no longer have the option to capture this payment
through Magento. You have the ability to create a credit memo, but
you do not have the option to void the invoice. (Even though the order
used an online payment, the invoice is essentially an offline invoice.)

Not Capture When the invoice is submitted, the system does not capture the
payment. It is assumed that you will capture the payment through
Magento at a later date. There is a Capture button in the completed
invoice. Before capturing, you are able to cancel the invoice. After
capturing you are able to create a credit memo and void the invoice.

Do not select Not Capture unless you are certain that you are going
to capture the payment through Magento at a later date. You will not
be able to create a credit memo until the payment has been captured
using the Capture button.

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Printing Multiple Invoices

Invoices can be printed individually or as a batch. However, before an invoice can be printed, it
must first be generated for the order. To add your logo and address to the invoice, see:
Preparing Your Invoice Logo.

To view or print the PDF, you must have a PDFreader. You can download Adobe Reader at no
charge.

To print multiple invoices:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Sales. Then under Operations, choose Invoices.

2. In the Invoices grid, mark the checkbox of each invoice to be printed.

3. Set the Actions control to PDF Invoices.

Print Invoices
The invoices are saved in a single PDF file that can be sent to a printer, or saved.

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 CHAPTER 51:

Billing Agreements
The Billing Agreements grid lists all billing agreements between your store and its customers.
The store administrator can filter the records by the customer or billing agreement information
including billing agreement reference ID, status, and creation date. Each record includes
general information about the billing agreement, and all sales orders that have used it as a
payment method. The store administrator can view, cancel, or delete customers billing
agreements. A canceled billing agreement can be deleted only by the store administrator.

Billing Agreements

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 CHAPTER 52:

Shipments
The Shipments grid lists the shipment record of all invoices that have been prepared for
shipping. A shipment record can be generated when an order is invoiced.

Shipments

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 CHAPTER 53:

Transactions
The Transactions grid lists all payment activity that has taken place between your store and a
payment system, and provides access to more detailed information.

To view transactions:
On the Admin sidebar, tap Sales. Then under Operations, choose Transactions.

Transactions

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 CHAPTER 54:

Credit Memos
A credit memo is a document that shows the amount that is owed to the customer. The
amount can be applied toward a purchase, or refunded to the customer. You can print a credit
memo for a single order, or for multiple orders as a batch. Before a credit memo can be printed,
it must first be generated for the order. The credit memo grid lists the credit memos that have
been issued. to customers.

Credit Memos

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 CHAPTER 54: Credit Memos

To create a credit memo:

1. On the Admin sidebar tap Sales. Then under Operations, choose Orders.

2. Find the completed order in the grid. Then in the Action column, click the View link to open
the order.

3. In the upper right corner, tap Credit Memo. (The button appears only after an order is invoiced.)

Create Credit Memo

The New Credit Memo page looks similar to the completed order page, with an Items to Refund
section that lists each item from the invoice.

Items to Refund

If an online payment method was used, you will not be able to edit these fields.

4. Do one of the following:

l If the product is to be returned to inventory, mark the Return to Stock checkbox.

l If the product will not be returned to inventory, leave the checkbox blank.

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The Return to Stock checkbox appears only if inventory Stock Options are set to Decrease Stock
When Order Is Placed.

5. Complete the following:

a. In the Qty to Refund box, enter the number of items to be returned. Then, press the Enter
key to record the change. The Update Qtys button becomes active.

b. Enter 0 for the Qty to Refund of any items that are not to be refunded.

c. Tap Update Qtys to recalculate the total. (The amount to be credited cannot exceed the
maximum amount that is available for refund.)

6. In the Refund Totals section, do the following, as applicable:

a. In the Refund Shipping field, enter any amount that is to be refunded from the shipping
fee. This field initially displays the total shipping amount from the order that is available
for refund. It is equal to the full shipping amount from the order, less any shipping
amount that has already been refunded. Like the quantity, the amount can be reduced, but
not increased.

b. In the Adjustment Refund field, enter a value to be added to the total amount refunded as
an additional refund that does not apply to any particular part of the order (shipping,
items, or tax). The amount entered cannot raise the total refund higher than the paid
amount.

c. In the Adjustment Fee field, enter a value to be subtracted from the total amount
refunded. This amount is not subtracted from a specific section of the order such as
shipping, items, or tax.

d. If the purchase was paid with store credit, mark the Refund to Store Credit checkbox. The
amount will be credited to the customers account balance.

e. To add a comment, enter the text in the Credit Memo Comments box.

f. To send an email notification to the customer, mark the Email Copy of Credit Memo
checkbox.

g. To include the comments you have entered in the email, mark the Append Comments
checkbox.

The status of a credit memo notification appears in the completed credit memo next to the
credit memo number.

7. To complete the process and generate the credit memo, choose one of the following refund
option buttons, according to the payment type:

l Refund Offline
l Refund Online

8. To add a comment to the completed credit memo, scroll down to the Comments History
section, and enter the comment in the box. A history of all activity related to the order is listed
below.

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l To send the comment to the customer by email, mark the Notify Customer by Email
checkbox.
l To post the comment in the customers account, mark the Visible on Frontend checkbox.

Then, tap Submit Comment .

9. In the panel on the left, choose Credit Memos. Any credit memos that are associated with this
order appear in the list.

Completed Credit Memo

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Product Return Workflow

Product Return Workflow

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Issuing a Credit Memo

Before a credit memo can be printed, it must first be generated for the order. If you create a
credit memo for an order that includes gift options, the refund for the gift wrapping and/or
printed card appears in the Refund Totals section of the credit memo. To exclude these costs
from the amount to be refunded, enter the amount as an Adjustment Fee. If multiple credit
memos are issued for the same order, the refund for gift options appears in the first credit
memo.

Create Credit Memo

To issue a credit memo:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Sales. Then under Operations, choose Orders.

2. Find the completed order in the grid. Then in the Action column, click the View link to open
the order in edit mode.

3. In the upper right corner, tap Credit Memo. (The Credit Memo button appears only for
completed orders.)

The New Credit Memo page looks similar to a completed order, but with an Items to Refund
section that lists each item from the invoice.

4. Do one of the following:

l If the product is to be returned to inventory, mark the Return to Stock checkbox.

l If the product will not be returned to inventory, leave the checkbox blank.

The Return to Stock checkbox appears only if inventory Stock Options are set to Decrease Stock
When Order Is Placed.

If an online payment method was used, you will not be able to mark the checkbox.

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Items to Refund

5. Complete the following:

a. If the quantity of products to be refunded is less than the quantity purchased, enter the
number of items to be returned in the Qty to Refund box. Then, press the Enter key to
record the change. The Update Qtys button appears.

If applicable, make sure to set the Qty to Refund of any items not to be refunded to zero.

b. Tap Update Qtys to recalculate the total. (The amount to be credited cannot exceed the
maximum quantity that is available for refund.)

6. In the Refund Totals section, do the following, as applicable:

a. In the Refund Shipping field, enter the amount that is to be refunded from the shipping
fee. This field initially displays the total shipping amount from the order that is available
for refund. It is equal to the full shipping amount from the order, less any shipping
amount that has already been refunded. Like the quantity, the amount can be reduced, but
not increased.

b. In the Adjustment Refund field, enter a value to be added to the total amount refunded as
an additional refund that does not apply to any particular part of the order, such as
shipping or tax. The amount entered cannot raise the total refund higher than the paid
amount.

c. In the Adjustment Fee field, enter a value to be subtracted from the total amount
refunded. This amount is not subtracted from a specific section of the order such as
shipping, items, or tax.

d. If the purchase was paid with store credit, mark the Refund to Store Credit checkbox. The
amount will be credited to the customers account balance.

e. To add a comment, enter the text in the Credit Memo Comments box.

f. To send an email notification to the customer, mark the Email Copy of Credit Memo
checkbox.

g. To include the comments you have entered in the email, mark the Append Comments
checkbox.

The status of a credit memo notification appears in the completed credit memo next to the
credit memo number.

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Refund Totals

7. To explain the refund, enter the text in the CommentText box.

l To send the comment to the customer by email, mark the Email Copy of Credit Memo
checkbox.

To refund the amount to the customers store credit, mark the Refund to Store Credit
checkbox. Then if applicable, enter the amount to be refunded to store credit.

8. To complete the process and generate the credit memo, tap one of the following refund buttons
that appears according to the payment type:

l Refund Offline
l Refund Online

You can view the completed credit memo from the Credit Memo tab of the order, and also in
the main Credit Memos grid. For a hard copy of the credit memo, see: Printing Credit Memos.

Saved Credit Memo

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Printing Credit Memos

To print or view the completed credit memo, you must have a PDFreader installed on your
computer. You can download Adobe Reader at no charge.

Credit Memos

To print a credit memo:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Sales. Then under Operations, choose Credit Memos.

2. Use one of the following methods to print the credit memo:

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Method 1: Print current credit memo

1. In the grid, open the credit memo.

2. Tap Print.

Print Credit Memo

Method 2: Print multiple credit memos

1. In the list, mark the checkbox of each credit memo that you want to print.

2. Set the Actions control to PDF Credit Memos. Then, tap Submit.

3. When prompted, do one of the following:

l To save the document, tap Save. Then, follow the prompts to save the file to your
computer. When the download is complete, open the PDF in Adobe Reader, and print
the document.
l To view the document, tap Open. The printed-ready PDF credit memo opens in Adobe
Reader. From here, you can either print the credit memo or save it to your computer.

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Payments

759
 Contents
In this section of the guide, you will learn about Recommended Solutions
the payment methods, services, and gateways
that you can make available to your customers, PayPal
and how to configure them. PayPal Business Account
PayPal All-In-One Solutions
PayPal Payments Advanced
PayPal Payments Pro
PayPal Payments Standard
PayPal Payment Gateways
PayPal Payflow Pro
PayPal Payflow Link
PayPal Express Checkout
PayPal In-Context Checkout
PayPal Fraud Management Filter
PayPal Payment Solutions
PayPal Solutions by Country
Braintree

Basic Payment Methods

Check / Money Order
Cash On Delivery
Bank Transfer
Purchase Order
Zero Subtotal Checkout

Other Payment Solutions

Authorize.Net Direct Post

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Recommended Solutions
The following payment solutions provide an easy way for merchants who are just starting out
to accept online payments. As your business grows, you can combine these with additional
PayPal payment solutions.

PayPal Express Checkout

Use PayPal Express Checkout as a standalone option,
or combine it with another PayPal payment solution.

Braintree
Braintree allows you to accept credit/debit cards and
PayPal without any setup or monthly fees. Your
customers never leave your store to complete the
purchase.

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PayPal Express Checkout

PayPal Express Checkout helps boost sales by giving your customers the ability to pay by credit
card or from the security of their personal PayPal accounts. During checkout, the customer is
redirected to the secure PayPal site to complete the payment information. The customer is then
returned to your store to complete the remainder of the checkout process. Choosing Express
Checkout adds the familiar PayPal button to your store, which has been reported to increase
sales.*

Customers with current PayPal accounts can make a purchase in a single step by clicking the
Check out with PayPal button. Express Checkout can be used as a standalone, or in
combination with one of PayPals All-In-One solutions. If you already accept credit cards
online, you can offer Express Checkout as an additional option to attract new customers who
prefer to pay with PayPal.

Requirements
Merchant: Personal PayPal Account

Customer: Personal PayPal Account

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Checkout Workflow
Unlike other payment methods, PayPal Express Checkout allows the customer to check out at
the beginning of the usual checkout workflow from the product page, the mini shopping cart,
and shopping cart.

Customer Places Order. The customer taps the Check out with PayPal button. .

Customer Is Redirected to PayPal Site. The customer is redirected to the PayPal site
to complete the transaction. / The customer taps the Check out with PayPal button.
and is redirected to the PayPal site to complete the transaction.

Customer Logs into their PayPal Account. The customer must log in to their PayPal
account to complete the transaction. The payment system uses the customers billing
and shipping information from their PayPal account.

Customer Returns to the Checkout Page. The customer is redirected back to the
checkout page in your store to review the order.

Customer Places Order. The customer places the order, and the order information is
submitted to PayPal.

PayPal Settles the Transaction. PayPal receives the order and settles the transaction.

PayPal Express Checkout does not support orders with multiple-addresses.

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Setting Up PayPal Express Checkout

You can have two PayPal solutions active at the same time: Express Checkout, plus an All-In-
One solution. If you enable a different solution, the one used previously is automatically
deactivated.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Configure Your PayPal Account
Step 2: Complete the Required Settings
Step 3: Complete the Basic Settings
Step 4: Complete the Advanced Settings

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Step 1: Configure Your PayPal Account

1. Before you begin, you must configure your PayPal merchant account on the PayPal website.

a. Log in to your PayPal Advanced account at manager.paypal.com.

b. Go to Service Settings > Hosted Checkout Pages > Set Up, and make the following
settings:

AVS No

CSC No

Enable Secure Token Yes

c. Save the settings.

2. PayPal recommends that you set up an additional user on your account. To set up an
additional user, do the following:

a. Go to manager.paypal.com and log in to your account.

b. Follow the instructions to set up an additional user.

c. Save the changes.

3. Expand the Required PayPal Settings section, and do the following:

a. Enter the Email Address that is associated with your PayPal merchant account.

Important! Email addresses are case sensitive. To receive payment, the email address you
enter must match the email address specified in your PayPal merchant account.

b. Set API Authentication Methods to one of the following:

l API Signature
l API Certificate

c. If necessary, click the Get Credentials from PayPal button. Then, complete the following:

l API Username
l API Password
l API Signature

d. If you are using credentials from your sandbox account, set Sandbox Mode to Yes.

If necessary, click the Sandbox Credentials button and follow the instructions to set up
your testing environment.

When testing the configuration in a sandbox, use only credit card numbers that are
recommended by PayPal. When you are ready to go live, return to the configuration and
set Sandbox Mode to No.

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e. If your system uses a proxy server to establish the connection between Magento and the
PayPal payment system, set API Uses Proxy to Yes. Then,, complete the following:

l Proxy Host
l Proxy Port

4. When these sections are complete, set Enable this Solution to Yes.

5. To enable PayPal In-Context Checkout, do the following:

a. Set Enable In-Context Checkout Experience to Yes.

b. Enter your PayPal Merchant Account ID.

Your Merchant Account ID is in your PayPal business account profile.

6. To offer financing through PayPal to your customers, see PayPal Credit to learn more.

You have now completed the Required PayPal Settings. At this point, you can either continue
with the Basic and Advanced Settings, or click the Save Config button. You can return later
fine-tune the configuration.

Step 2: Begin the Configuration

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Payment Methods.

3. If your Magento installation has multiple websites, stores or views, in the upper-left corner,
choose the Store View where the configuration applies.

4. In the Merchant Location section, select the Merchant Country where your business is located.

5. Under Recommended Solutions in the PayPal Express Checkout section, tap Configure.

Step 3:Complete the Required Settings

a. Enter the Email Address that is associated with your PayPal merchant account.

Important! Email addresses are case sensitive. To receive payment, the email address you
enter must match the email address specified in your PayPal merchant account.

b. Set API Authentication Methods to one of the following:

l API Signature
l API Certificate

c. If necessary, tap Get Credentials from PayPal. Then, complete the following:

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l API Username
l API Password
l API Signature

d. If you are using credentials from your sandbox account, set Sandbox Mode to Yes.

If necessary, click the Sandbox Credentials button and follow the instructions to set up
your testing environment.

e. If your system uses a proxy server to establish the connection between Magento and the
PayPal payment system, set API Uses Proxy to Yes. Then,, complete the following:

l Proxy Host
l Proxy Port

6. Set Enable This Solution to Yes.

7. If you want to offer PayPal Credit to your customers, set Enable PayPal Credit to Yes.

You have now completed the required settings. You can either continue with the remaining
settings, or save and return later fine-tune the configuration.

Required Settings

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Step 4: Complete the Basic Settings

1. Expand the Basic Settings - PayPal Express Checkout section.

2. Enter a Title to identify this payment method during checkout. It is recommended to set the
title to PayPal for each store view.

3. If you offer multiple payment methods, enter a number in the Sort Order field to determine the
sequence in which PayPal Payments Standard is listed with the other methods. Payment
methods appear in ascending order based on the Sort Order value.

4. Set Payment Action to one of the following:

Authorization Approves the purchase, but puts a hold on the funds. The amount is not
withdrawn until it is captured by the merchant.

Sale The amount of the purchase is authorized and immediately withdrawn

from the customers account.

Order The amount of the order is neither captured nor authorized in the
customers balance, bank account, or credit card at PayPal. The Order
payment action represents an agreement between the PayPal payment
system and the merchant, which enables the merchant to capture one or
more amounts up to the ordered total from the customers buyer
account, over a period of up to 29 days. After the funds are ordered,
the merchant can capture them at any time during the following 29 day
period. Capturing of the order amount can be done only from the
Magento Admin by creating one or more invoices.

5. To display the Check out with PayPal button on the product page, set Display on Product
Details Page to Yes.

6. If Payment Action is set to Order, complete the following fields:

Authorization Determines how long the primary authorization remains valid. The
Honor Period value should be equal to the corresponding value in your PayPal
(days) merchant account. The default value in your PayPal merchant account is
3. To increase this number you need to contact PayPal. The
authorization becomes invalid at 11:49 p.m., U.S. Pacific Time, of the
last day.

Order Valid Period Determines how long the order remains valid. When the order becomes
(days) invalid, you can no longer create invoices for it. Specify the value equal
to the Order Valid Period value in your PayPal merchant account. The
default value in your PayPal merchant account is 29. To change this
number, you must contact PayPal.

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Number of Child Specifies the maximum number of authorizations for a single order,
Authorizations which determines the maximum number of online partial invoices that
you can create for an order. The number in this field should be equal to
the corresponding setting in your PayPal merchant account. The default
number of child authorizations in your PayPal account is 1. To increase
this number, you must contact PayPal.

Basic Settings

Step 5: Complete the Advanced Settings

1. Expand the Advanced Settings section. Then, complete the following:

a. Set Display on Shopping Cart to Yes.

b. Set Payment Applicable From to one of the following:

All Allowed Accepts payment from the countries already specified in your
Countries configuration.

Specific Countries Accepts payments from only the countries you specify. Hold the
Ctrl key down and in the Payment Applicable From list, click each
country where you accept payment.

c. Set Debug Mode to Yes to write communications with the payment system into the log
file. The log file for PayPal Payments Advanced is payments_payflow_advanced.log.

In accordance with PCI Data Security Standards, credit card information is not recorded in the
log file.

d. To enable host authenticity verification, set Enable SSL Verification to Yes.

e. To display a full summary of the customers order by line item from the PayPal site, set
Transfer Cart Line Items to Yes.

To include up to ten shipping options in the summary, set Transfer Shipping Options to
Yes. (This option appears only if line items are set to transfer.)

f. To determine the type of image used for the PayPal acceptance button, set Shortcut
Buttons Flavor to one of the following:

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Dynamic (Recommended) Displays an image that can be dynamically

changed from the PayPal server.

Static Displays a specific image that cannot be dynamically changed.

g. To allow customers without PayPal accounts to make a purchases with this method, set
Enable PayPal Guest Checkout to Yes.

h. Set Require Customers Billing Address to one of the following:

Yes Requires the customers billing address for all purchases.

No Does not require the customers billing address for any purchases.

For Virtual Quotes Requires the customers billing address for virtual quotes only.
Only

i. To specify whether the customer can sign a billing agreement with your store in the PayPal
payment system when there are no active billing agreements available in the customer
account, set Billing Agreement Signup to one of the following:

Auto The customer can either sign a billing agreement during the
Express Checkout flow or use another method of payment.

Ask Customer The customer can decide whether to sign a billing agreement during
the Express Checkout flow.

Never The customer cannot sign a billing agreement during the Express
Checkout flow.

Merchants must ask PayPal Merchant Technical Support to enable billing agreements in their
accounts. The Billing Agreement Signup parameter is enabled only after PayPal confirms that
billing agreements are enabled for your merchant account.

j. To allow the customer to complete the transaction from the PayPal site without returning
to your Magento store for Order Review, set Skip Order Review Step to Yes.

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Advanced Settings

2. Complete the following sections as needed for your store:

PayPal Billing Agreement Settings

A billing agreement is a sales agreement between the merchant and customer that has been
authorized by PayPal for use with multiple orders. During the checkout process, the Billing
Agreement payment option appears only for customers who have already entered into a billing
agreement with your company. After PayPal authorizes the agreement, the payment system
issues a unique reference ID to identify each order that is associated with the agreement.
Similar to a purchase order, there is no limit to the number of billing agreements a customer
can set up with your company.

1. Expand the PayPal Billing Agreement Settings section.

2. Set Enabled to Yes. Then, do the following:

a. Enter a Title to identify the PayPal Billing Agreement method during checkout.

b. If you offer multiple payment methods, enter a number in the Sort Order field to
determine the sequence in which Billing Agreement appears when listed with other
payment methods during checkout.

c. Set Payment Action to one of the following:

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Authorization Approves the purchase, but puts a hold on the funds. The
amount is not withdrawn until it is captured by the
merchant.

Sale The amount of the purchase is authorized and immediately

withdrawn from the customers account.

d. Set Payment Applicable From to one of the following:

All Allowed Accepts payment from the countries already specified in your
Countries configuration.

Specific Countries Accepts payments from only the countries you specify. Hold
the Ctrl key down and in the Payment Applicable From list,
click each country where you accept payment.

e. To record communications with the payment system in the log file, set Debug Mode
to Yes.

The log file is stored on the server and is accessible only to developers. In accordance
with PCI Data Security Standards, credit card information is not recorded in the log file.

f. To enable SSL verification, set Enable SSL verification to Yes.

g. To display a summary of each line item in the customers order on your PayPal
payments page, set Transfer Cart Line Items to Yes.

h. To allow customers to initiate a billing agreement from the dashboard of their

customer account, set Allow in Billing Agreement Wizard to Yes.

Billing Agreement Settings

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Settlement Report Settings

1. Click to expand the Settlement Report Settings section.

2. If you have signed up for PayPals Secure FTP Server, enter the following SFTP login
credentials:

l Login
l Password

3. To run test reports before going live with Express Checkout on your site, set Sandbox
Mode to Yes.

4. Enter the Custom Endpoint Hostname or IP Address. By default, the value is:
reports.paypal.com

5. Enter the Custom Path where reports are saved. By default, the value is:
/ppreports/outgoing

6. To generate reports according to a schedule, under Scheduled Fetching, make the

following settings:

a. Set Enable Automatic Fetching to Yes.

b. Set Schedule to one of the following:

l Daily
l Every 3 Days
l Every 7 Days
l Every 10 Days
l Every 14 Days
l Every 30 Days
l Every 40 Days
PayPal retains each report for forty-five days.

c. Set Time of Day to the hour, minute, and second when you want the reports to be
generated.

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Settlement Report Settings

Frontend Experience Settings

The frontend experience settings give you the opportunity to choose which PayPal logos appear
on your site, and to customize the appearance of your PayPal merchant pages.

1. Click to expand the Frontend Experience Settings section.

2. Select the PayPal Product Logo that you want to appear in the PayPal block in your
store. The PayPal logos are available in four styles and two sizes. Options include:

l No Logo
l We Prefer PayPal (150 x 60 or 150 x 40)
l Now Accepting PayPal (150 x 60 or 150 x 40)
l Payments by PayPal (150 x 60 or 150 x 40)
l Shop Now Using PayPal (150 x 60 or 150 x 40)

3. To customize the appearance of your PayPal merchant pages, do the following:

a. Enter the name of the Page Style that you want to apply to your PayPal merchant
pages. Options include:

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paypal Uses the PayPal page style.

primary Uses the page style that you identified as the primary style
in your account profile.

your_custom_ Uses a custom payment page style, which is specified in your

value account profile.

b. In the Header Image URL field, enter the URL of the image that you want to appear
in the upper-left corner of the payment page. The maximum file size is 750 pixels
wide by 90 pixels high.

PayPal recommends that the image be located on a secure (https) server. Otherwise, the
customers browser may warn that the page contains both secure and nonsecure items.

c. Enter the six-character hexadecimal code, without the # symbol, for each of the
following:

Header Background color for the checkout page header.

Background Color

Header Border 2-pixel border around the header.

Color

Page Background Background color for the checkout page and around the
Color header and payment form.

Frontend Experience Settings

3. When complete, tap Save Config.

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PayPal In-Context Checkout

PayPals In-Context Checkout makes it easier than ever to pay online. Customers never lose
sight of your store during this simplified one- or two-click seamless checkout. In-Context
Checkout works equally well on Macs and PCs, and offers a consistent experience on desktop
computers, tablets, and mobile devices. To learn more, see: In-Context Checkout in Express
Checkout.

PayPal In-Context Checkout Demo

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To configure In-Context Checkout:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Payment Methods.

3. In the PayPal Express Checkout section, tap Configure. Then, do the following:

a. In the Required PayPal Settings section, set Enable In-Context Checkout Experience to
Yes.

b. Enter your PayPal Merchant Account ID.

Your Merchant Account ID is in your PayPal business account profile.

Enable PayPal In-Context Checkout

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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PayPal Billing Agreements

To simplify the checkout process, customers can enter into a billing agreement with PayPal, as
the payment service provider. During checkout, the customer chooses the billing agreement as
the payment method. The payment system verifies the billing agreement by its unique number,
and charges the customer's account. With a billing agreement in place, it is no longer necessary
for the customer to enter payment information for each purchase. Customers can manage their
billing agreements from the dashboard of their customer account, where the status of each is
shown as Active or Canceled. When a billing agreement is canceled, it cannot be reactivated.

The Billing Agreements grid lists all billing agreements between your store and its customers.
The store administrator can filter the records by the customer or billing agreement information
including billing agreement reference ID, status, and creation date. Each record includes
general information about the billing agreement, and all sales orders that have used it as a
payment method. The store administrator can view, cancel, or delete customers billing
agreements. A canceled billing agreement can be deleted only by the store administrator.

Billing Agreements

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Billing Agreement Workflow

Customer signs up for a billing agreement. After a billing agreement is in place,
additional billing agreements can be added only from the customer account. There is no
limit to the number of billing agreements a customer can create. Customers can use any
of the following methods to sign up for billing agreements:

l Sign up in customer account. Customers can sign up for a billing agreement from
their customer accounts.

l Sign up at checkout. Customers who pay for a purchase with PayPal Express
Checkout can mark a checkbox to create a billing agreement. Although the billing
agreement is not used for the current order, it becomes available as a payment
method option the next time the customer places an order.

l Sign up by store administrator. On a customers request, the store administrator

can create a sales order using the customers billing agreement.

PayPal Verifies and Records Agreement. When the customer places the order with
payment by billing agreement, the billing agreement reference ID and sales order
payment details are transferred to PayPal, and recorded in the customer account, along
with reference information. If the payment is authorized, an order is created in
Magento.The billing agreement reference ID is sent to the customer and to the store.

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PayPal Settlement Reports

The PayPal Settlement report provides the store administrator with the information about each
transaction that affects the settlement of funds.

Before generating settlement reports, the store administrator must request PayPal Merchant
Technical Services to create an SFTP user account, enable settlement reports generation, and
enable SFTP in their PayPal business account.

After configuring and enabling settlement reports in the PayPal merchant account, Magento
will start generating reports during the following twenty-four hours. The list of available
settlement reports can be viewed from the Admin.

To view settlement reports:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Reports. Then under Sales, choose select PayPal Settlement.

2. For the most recent updates, tap Fetch Updates in the upper-right corner.

The system connects to the PayPal SFTP server to fetch the reports. When the process is
complete, a message appears with the number of reports fetched. The report includes the
following information for each transaction:

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Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION
PayPal Reference ID Type One of the following reference codes:
Order ID
Transaction ID
Subscription ID

Preapproved Payment ID Options include:

Custom The text entered by the merchant on

the transaction in PayPal.

Transaction Debit or Credit The direction of money movement of

gross amount.

Fee Debit or Credit The direction of money movement for

fee.

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Braintree
Braintree offers a fully customizable checkout experience with fraud detection and PayPal
integration. Braintree reduces the PCI compliance burden for merchants because the
transaction takes place on the Braintree systerm.

Configure Braintree

Setting Up Braintree
Process Overview:
Step 1: Get Your Braintree Credentials
Step 2: Complete the Basic Settings
Step 3: Complete the Advanced Settings
Step 4: Complete the Country-Specific Settings
Step 5: Complete the PayPal through Braintree Settings
Step 6: Complete the 3D Verification Settings

Step 1: Get Your Braintree Credentials

Visit Braintree Payments and sign up for an account.

Step 2: Complete the Basic Settings

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Payment Methods.

l If your Magento installation has multiple websites, stores or views, in the upper-left corner,
choose the Store View where the configuration applies.
l In the Merchant Location section, verify that Merchant Country is set to the location of
your business.

3. Under Recommended Solutions, in the Braintree section, tap Configure. Then, do the following:

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a. Enter a Title to identify Braintree as a payment option during checkout.

b. Set the current operating Environment for Braintree transactions to one of the following:

l Sandbox
l Production

When testing the configuration in a sandbox, use only credit card numbers that are
recommended by Braintree. When you are ready to go live with Braintree, set Environment
to Production.

c. Set Payment Action to one of the following:

Authorize Only Approves the purchase and puts a hold on the funds. The amount
is not withdrawn from the customers bank account until the sale is
captured by the merchant.

Authorize and The amount of the purchase is authorized and immediately

Capture withdrawn from the customers account.

d. In the Merchant ID field, enter the email address that is associated with your Braintree
account.

e. Enter the following credentials from your Braintree account:

l Public Key
l Private Key

Basic Settings

4. Set Enable this Solution to Yes.

5. To include PayPal as a payment option with Braintree, set Enable PayPal through Braintree
to Yes.

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6. If you want the ability to store customer information securely, so customers don't have to
reenter it each time they make a purchase, set Vault Enabled to Yes.

Basic Settings

Step 3: Complete the Advanced Settings

1. Expand the Advanced Braintree Settings section.

2. In the Vault Title field, enter a descriptive title for your reference that identifies the vault where
your customer card information is stored.

3. Enter the Merchant ID that is to be associated with Braintree transactions. If left blank, the
default merchant account from your Braintree account is used.

4. To use Braintree fraud protection for all transactions, set Advanced Fraud Protection to Yes.

Make sure that Advanced Fraud Protection is enabled in the Settings/Protection section of your
account.

5. If you want the system to save a log file of interactions between your store and Braintree, set
Debug to Yes.

6. To require customers to provide the three-digit security code from the back of a credit card, set
CVV Verification to Yes.

If using CVVverification, make sure to enable AVS and/or CVV in the Settings/Processing
section of your Braintree account.

7. In the Credit Card Types box, hold down the Ctrl key and select each credit card that is
accepted by your store as payment through Braintree.

8. In the Sort Order field, enter a number to determine the sequence in which Braintree appears
when listed with other payment methods during checkout.

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Advanced Settings

Step 4: Complete the Country Specific Settings

1. Set Payment from Applicable Countries to one of the following:

l All Allowed Countries

l Specific Countries

For Payment from Specific Countries, hold down the Ctrl key and select each country from
which you accept payment.

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Country-Specific Settings

2. To set up Country Specific Credit Card Types, do the following:

a. Tap Add.

b. Set the Country, and choose each Allowed Credit Card Type.

c. Repeat to identify the credit cards that are accepted from each country.

Step 5: Complete the PayPal through Braintree Settings

1. Do the following to identify your PayPal through Braintree configuration:

a. Enter a Title to identify Braintrees payment by PayPal option during checkout.

b. In the Vault Title field, enter a descriptive title to identify the vault where your customer
card information is to be stored.

c. In the Sort Order field, enter a number to determine the sequence in which Braintrees
PayPal payment option appears when listed with other payment options during checkout.

d. To display your merchant name differently than what is defined in your store
configuration, enter the name as you want it to appear in the Override Merchant Name
field.

2. Set Payment Action to one of the following:

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Authorize Approves the purchase and puts a hold on the funds. The amount is not
withdrawn from the customers bank account until the sale is captured
by the merchant.

Authorize and The amount of the purchase is authorized and immediately withdrawn
Capture from the customers account.

3. Set Payment from Applicable Countries to one of the following for Braintree transactions
processed by PayPal:

l All Allowed Countries

l Specific Countries

For Payment from Specific Countries, hold down the Ctrl key and select each country from
which you accept payment.

4. To require that customers provide a billing address, set Require Customers Billing Address
to Yes.

This feature must first be enabled for your account by PayPal Technical Support.

5. If you want customers to be able to edit the shipping address while completing a PayPal
transaction, set Allow to Edit Shipping Address Entered During Checkout on PayPal Side to
Yes.

6. To save a log file of interactions between your store and PayPal through Braintree, set Debug
to Yes.

7. If you want to bypass the Order Review step before the order is submitted, set Skip Order
Review to Yes.

By default, Order Review is the last stage of the checkout process.

8. To display the PayPal button on both the mini shopping cart and shopping cart page, set
Display on Shopping Cart to Yes.

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PayPal through Braintree Settings

Step 6: Complete the 3D Verification Settings

1. If you want to add a verification step for customers using credit cards that are enrolled in a
verification program such as Verified by VISA, set 3d Secure Verification to Yes.

During the process, the transaction amount that is submitted for verification is checked
against the amount that is sent for authorization,

2. In the Threshold Amount field, enter the maximum amount that is allowed to be processed by
Braintree for a single order.

The Threshold Amount defines the maximum amount that is allowed for an authorized sale.
Authorization is declined if the order amount exceeds the Threshold Amount.

3. Set Verify for Applicable Countries to one of the following:

l All Allowed Countries

l Specific Countries

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To Verify for Specific Countries, hold down the Ctrl key and select each country from which
payments are to be verified.

3D Verification Settings

Step 7: Dynamic Descriptors

The following descriptors are used to identify purchases on customer credit card statements.
You can reduce the number of chargebacks by clearly identifying the company that is
associated with each purchase. If Dynamic Descriptors are not enabled for your account,
contact Braintree support.

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1. Enter the Dynamic Descriptor for the Name, Phone, and URL according to these guidelines:

Name There are two parts to the Name descriptor, which are separated by an
asterisk (*). For example:
company*myproduct
The first part of the descriptor identifies the company or DBA, and the
second part identifies the product. The length of the Company and
Product parts of the descriptor can be allocated in the following ways,
for a combined length of up to twenty-two characters.
Characters in Name Descriptor
Company Product

Option 1 Must be 3 characters Up to 18 characters

Option 2 Must be 7 characters Up to 14 characters

Option 3 Must be 12 characters Up to 9 characters

Phone The Phone descriptor must be ten to fourteen characters in length, and
can include only numbers, dashes, parentheses, and periods. For
example:
9999999999
(999) 999-9999
999.999.9999

URL The URL descriptor represents your domain name, and can be up to
thirteen characters long. For example: company.com

2. When your Braintree configuration is complete, tap Save Config.

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Other PayPal Solutions

PayPal is a global leader in online payments and a fast and secure way for your customers to
pay online. With PayPal and Magento Community Edition 2.1, you can accept payments from
all major debit and credit cards. PayPal offers additional convenience without extra effort,
because even your customers who dont have a PayPal account can pay for their purchases with
PayPal. In this guide, PayPal payments solutions are organized as follows:

l Recommended Solutions
l PayPal All-In-One Payment Solutions
l PayPal Payment Gateways

The selection of available PayPal solutions varies by merchant location. PayPal Express
Checkout and PayPal Payments Standard can be used in all parts of the world. To learn more,
see:PayPal Solutions by Country.

You cannot have more than one PayPal method enabled at a time, with the exception of PayPal
Express Checkout. PayPal Express Checkout can be used in combination with other PayPal
payment methods. except for PayPal Payments Standard. If you change payment solutions, the one
used previously is disabled.

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PayPal All-In-One Payment Solutions

In the United States, PayPal offers the following PCI-compliant solutions to meet the needs of
your growing business.

l PayPal Payments Advanced

l PayPal Payments Pro
l PayPal Payments Standard

PayPal All-In-Payment Solutions

PayPal Payment Gateways

PayPal offers a choice of two payment gateway solutions for your business. You can let PayPal
host your checkout on its secure payment site, or you can take control of the entire payment
experience with a completely customizable solution.

l PayPal Payflow Pro

l PayPal Payflow Link

PayPal Payment Gateways

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PayPal Payments Advanced

PayPal Payments Advanced is a PCI-compliant solution that lets your customers pay by debit
or credit card without leaving your site.It includes an embedded checkout page that can be
customized to create a seamless and secure checkout experience.

PayPal Payments Advanced

Even customers without a PayPal account can make purchases through PayPals secure
payment gateway. Accepted cards include Visa, MasterCard, Switch/Maestro, and Solo credit
cards in the United States and United Kingdom. For additional convenience, PayPal Express
Checkout is included with PayPal Payments Advanced.

You can have two PayPal solutions active at the same time: Express Checkout, plus any All-In-
One or Payment Gateway solution. If you change payment solutions, the one that was used
previously is disabled.

PayPal Payments Advanced cannot be used for orders created from the Admin of your store.

Requirements
PayPal Business Account

If you manage multiple Magento websites, you must have a separate PayPal merchant
account for each website.

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Checkout Workflow

Customer Chooses Payment Method. During checkout, the customer chooses to pay
with PayPal Payments Advanced. The Pay Now button appears instead of the Place
Order button.

Pay Now. The customer taps Pay Now, and a PayPal-hosted form appears. The
customer enters the card information, and the card is verified. If successful, the order
confirmation page appears.
Pay with PayPal. The form also includes the Pay with PayPal button, which redirects
the customer to the PayPal site, where payment can be made with PayPal Express
Checkout.

Troubleshooting. If the transaction fails for any reason, an error message appears on
the checkout page and the customer is instructed to try again. Any issues are managed
by PayPal.

Order Processing Workflow

Processing orders with PayPal Payments Advanced is the same as for any regular PayPal order.
Orders are invoiced and shipped, and credit memos generated for both online and offline
refunds. However, multiple online refunds are not available for orders paid with PayPal
Payments Advanced.

Customer Places Order. In the final stage of checkout, the customer taps the Place
Order button.

PayPal Responds. PayPal evaluates the request. If found to be valid, PayPal

processes the transaction.

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Magento Sets Order Status. Magento receives response from PayPal, and sets the
order status to one of the following:

Processing The transaction was successful.

Pending Payment The system did not receive any response from PayPal.

Canceled The transaction was not successful for some reason.

Suspected Fraud The transaction did not pass some of the PayPal fraud filters.
The system receives the response from PayPal that the
transaction is under review by Fraud Service.

Merchant Fulfills Order. The merchant invoices and ships the order.

Setting Up PayPal Payments Advanced

For step-by-step configuration instructions, see PayPal Payments Advanced in the Magento
Community Edition 2.1online user guide.

Setting Up PayPal Payments Advanced

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PayPal Payments Pro

PayPal Payments Pro brings you all the benefits of a merchant account and payment gateway
in one, plus the ability to create your own, fully customized checkout experience. PayPal
Express Checkout is automatically enabled with PayPal Payments Pro, so you can tap into
more than 110 million active PayPal users.

PayPal Payments Pro

For merchants outside the US, this method is called PayPal Website Payments Pro.

You can have two PayPal solutions active at the same time: PayPal Express Checkout, plus any
one of the All-In-One solutions. If you change payment solutions, the one used previously is
automatically disabled.

Requirements
PayPal Merchant Account (with Direct Payments Activated)

Checkout Workflow

Customer Goes to Checkout. Customer adds products to cart, and taps Proceed to
Checkout.

Customer Chooses Payment Method. During checkout, customer chooses the

PayPal Direct Payment option, and enters the credit card information.

l If paying with PayPal Payments Pro, the customer stays on your site during the
checkout process.

l If paying with PayPal Express Checkout, the customer is redirected to the PayPal
site to complete the transaction.

At the customers request, the store administrator can also create an order from the
Admin, and process the transaction with PayPal Payments Pro.

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Order Processing Workflow

Order Placed. The order can be processed either the Admin of your store, or from your
PayPal merchant account.

Payment Action. The payment action specified in the configuration is applied to the
order. Options include:

Authorize Magento creates a sales order with the Processing status. In

this case, the amount of money to be authorized is pending
approval.

Sale Magento creates both a sales order and invoice.

Capture PayPal transfers the order amount from the buyers balance,
bank account or credit card to the merchants account.

Invoicing. An invoice is created in Magento after PayPal sends an instant payment

notification message to Magento.

Make sure that instant payment notifications are enabled in your PayPal merchant
account.

If required, an order can be partially invoiced for a specified quantity of products. For
each partial invoice submitted, a separate Capture transaction with a unique ID becomes
available, and a separate invoice is generated.
Authorization-only payment transactions are closed only after the full order amount is
captured.
An order can be voided online at any time until the order amount is fully invoiced.

Returns. If for any reason the customer returns the purchased products and claims a
refund, as with order amount capturing and invoice creation, you can create an online
refund either from the Admin or from your PayPal merchant account.

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Setting Up PayPal Payments Pro

For step-by-step configuration instructions, see PayPal Payments Pro in the Magento
Community Edition 2.1 online user guide.

Setting Up PayPal Payment Pro

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PayPal Payments Standard

PayPal Payments Standard is the easiest way to accept payments online. You can offer your
customers the convenience of payment both by credit card and PayPal by simply adding a
checkout button to your store.

PayPal Payments Standard

For merchants outside the US, this method is called PayPal Website Payments Standard.

With PayPal Payments Standard, you can swipe credit cards on mobile devices. There is no
monthly fee, and you can get paid on eBay. Supported credit cards include Visa, MasterCard,
Discover, and American Express. In addition, customers can pay directly from their personal
PayPal accounts. PayPal Payments Standard is available in all countries on the PayPal
worldwide reference list.

Merchant Requirements
PayPal Business Account

Checkout Workflow
For customers, PayPal Payments Standard is a one-step process if the credit card information
the their personal PayPal accounts is up to date.

Customer Places Order. The customer taps the Pay Now button to complete the
purchase.

PayPal Processes the Transaction. The customer is redirected to the PayPal site to
complete the transaction.

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Setting Up PayPal Payments Standard

PayPal Payments Standard cannot be used simultaneously with any other PayPal method, including
Express Checkout. If you change payment solutions, the one used previously is disabled.

For step-by-step configuration instructions, see PayPal Payments Standard in the online user
guide.

Setting Up PayPal Payments Standard

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PayPal Payflow Pro

PayPal Payflow Pro gateway, formerly known as Verisign, is available for customers of the
United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Unlike other PayPal payment methods,
merchants are charged a fixed monthly fee, plus a fixed fee for each transaction, regardless of
their number.

Configure

Requirements
PayPal Business Account
The PayPal Payflow Pro gateway links the merchant account at PayPal with the
merchants website, and acts both as a gateway and a merchant account.

If you manage multiple Magento websites, you must have a separate PayPal merchant
account for each website.

Customer Workflow

Customer Goes to Checkout. During checkout, the customer chooses to pay with
PayPal PayFlow Pro, and enters the credit card information.
Customers are not required to have personal PayPal accounts. However, depending on
the merchant country, customers can also use their personal PayPal account to pay for
the order.

Customer Submits Order. The customer submits the order, and the order information
is sent to PayPal for processing. The customer does not leave the checkout page of your
site.

PayPal Completes the Transaction. Payments are accepted at the time the order is
placed. Depending on the payment action specified n the configuration, either a sales
order or a sales order and an invoice is created.

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Online Order Processing Workflow

Administrator Submits Online Invoice. The store administrator submits an online

invoice. and as a result a corresponding transaction and an invoice is created.

PayPal Receives the Transaction. The order information is sent to PayPal. A record of
the transaction and an invoice is generated. You can view all Payflow Pro Gateway
transactions in your PayPal merchant account.

Partial invoices and partial refunds are not supported by PayPal Payflow Pro.

Setting Up PayPal Payflow Pro

For step-by-step configuration instructions, see PayPal Payflow Pro in the Magento Community
Edition 2.1online user guide.

PayPal Payflow Pro

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PayPal Payflow Link

PayPal PayFlow Link is available for merchants in the United States and Canada only.
Customers are not required to have a personal PayPal account, and enter their credit card
information in a form that is hosted by PayPal. The information is never stored on your
Magento server. PayFlow Link cannot be used for orders that are created from the Admin.

Configure
Credit memos are supported for both online and offline refunds. However, multiple online
refunds are not supported.

Requirements
PayPal Business Account
The PayPal Payflow Pro gateway links the merchant account at PayPal with the
merchants website, and acts both as a gateway and a merchant account.

If you manage multiple Magento websites, you must have a separate PayPal merchant
account for each website.

Customer Workflow

Customer Goes to Checkout. During checkout, the customer chooses to pay with
PayPal PayFlow link, and enters the credit card information.
The customer is not required to have a personal PayPal account.

Customer Chooses Pay Now. The customer taps the Pay Now button to submit the
order.

Customer Enters Credit Card Info. The customer enters the credit card information on
a form that is hosted by PayPal/
If the customer clicks the Cancel Payment link, the customer returns to the Payment
Information stage of checkout, and the order status changes to Canceled.

Customer Submits the Order. The credit card information is submitted directly to
PayPal, and is not retained anywhere on the Magento site.

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Order Workflow

PayPal Receives Request. PayPal receives the request from the customer to Pay
Now.

PayPal Verifies the Payment Information. PayPal verifies the credit card information,
and assigns the appropriate status.
Payment Verified: If verified, the Pending Payment the applicable status is initially
assigned to the order until the transaction is settled.

Processing The transaction was successful.

Pending Payment The system did not receive any response from PayPal.

Canceled The transaction was not successful for some reason.

Suspected Fraud The transaction did not pass some of the PayPal fraud filters.
The system receives the response from PayPal that the
transaction is under review by Fraud Service.

Cancel Payment. If the customer clicks the Cancel Payment link, the customer returns
to the Payment Information stage of checkout, and the order status changes to
Canceled.

Customer Is Redirected to Confirmation Page. If the transaction completes

successfully, the customer is redirected to the order confirmation page in your store.
If the transaction fails on any reason, an error message appears on the checkout page
and the customer is directed to repeat the checkout process. These situations are
managed by PayPal.

Merchant Fulfills Order. The merchant invoices, and ships the order as usual.

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Setting Up PayPal Payflow Link

For step-by-step configuration instructions, see PayPal Payflow Link in the Magento
Community Edition 2.1online user guide.

PayPal Payflow Link Setup

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PayPal Quick Reference

PAYPAL SOLUTION DESCRIPTION

EXPRESS CHECKOUT

PayPal Express Checkout

ALL-IN-ONE SOLUTIONS

PayPal Payments Advanced (Includes Express Allows you to accept payments with a
Checkout) PCI-compliant checkout that keeps
customers on your site.

PayPal Payments Pro (Includes Express Checkout) Allows you to accept payments with a
PayPal Website Payments Pro (Outside US) completely customizable checkout.

PayPal Payments Standard (Includes Express Adds PayPal as an additional payment

Checkout) method to your checkout page.
PayPal Website Payments Standard (Outside US)

PAYMENT GATEWAYS

PayPal Payflow Pro (Includes Express Checkout) Connects your merchant account with a
fully customizable gateway that lets
customers pay without leaving your site.

PayPal Payflow Link (Includes Express Checkout) Connects your merchant account with a
PCI-compliant gateway that lets
customers pay without leaving your site.

OTHER PAYPAL SOLUTIONS

PayPal Integral Evolution

PayPal Pasarela Integral
PayPal Pro
PayPal Website Payments Plus
PayPal Website Payments Pro Hosted Solution
PayPal Payments Pro Hosted Solution (includes Express Checkout)

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PayPal Business Account

To offer PayPal as a payment method in your store, you must have a PayPal business account
and/or a PayPal Payflow account. The account requirements are specified in the description of
each PayPal solution. Your PayPal merchant account is also used to manage any fraud filters
that are applied to purchases made from your store.

Customers who use PayPal Express Checkout or Express Checkout for Payflow Pro must have a
PayPal buyer account. PayPal Payments Standard (which is some countries is called Website
Payments Standard) can be used directly or through a buyer account, provided that the
merchant enables PayPal Account Optional. By default, this parameter is enabled. Customers
can choose to enter their credit card information, or create a buyer account with PayPal. When
disabled, customers must first create a PayPal buyer account before making a purchase.

Website Payments Pro, Website Payments Pro Payflow Edition, Payflow Pro Gateway, and
Payflow Link require customers to enter credit card information during checkout.

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PayPal Fraud Management Filter

PayPal fraud management filters make it easier to detect and respond to fraudulent
transactions, and can be configured to flag, hold for review, or deny riskier payments. Magento
order status values changed according to the fraud filter settings.

Filter Actions
ACTION DESCRIPTION
Review If you set the filter action to Review, the suspected order receives the
status Payment Review when the order is placed. You can review the order
and approve, or cancel the payment in the Admin, or on the PayPal side.
When you click the Accept Payment or the Deny Payment buttons, no new
transactions for the order are created.
If you change the status of the transaction on the PayPal site, you must click
the Get Payment Update button in the upper-right corner of the Order page in
the Admin to apply the changes. If you click Accept Payment or Deny
Payment, the changes made at the PayPal site are applied.

Deny If you set the filter action to Deny, the suspected order cannot be placed by
the customer, because the corresponding transaction is rejected by PayPal.
To deny the payment from the Admin, click the Deny Payment button in the
upper-right corner of the page. The order status changes to Canceled, the
transaction is reverted, and funds are released on the customers account.
The corresponding information is added in the Comments History section of
the order view.

Flag If you set the filter action to Flag, the suspected order gets the status
Processing when it is placed. The corresponding transaction is marked with
a flag in the list of the merchant account transactions.

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PayPal by Country

PayPal Payment Solutions

COUNTRY PAYPAL PAYMENT SOLUTION
Australia PayPal Website Payments Standard
PayPal Payflow Pro
PayPal Website Payments Pro Hosted Solution
PayPal Express Checkout

Canada PayPal Website Payments Standard

PayPal Website Payments Pro
PayPal Payflow Pro
PayPal Payflow Link (includes Express Checkout)
PayPal Express Checkout

France PayPal Integral Evolution

PayPal Website Payments Standard
PayPal Express Checkout

Germany PayPal Express Checkout

Hong Kong SAR China PayPal Website Payments Pro Hosted Solution
PayPal Website Payments Standard
PayPal Express Checkout

Italy PayPal Pro

PayPal Payments Standard
PayPal Express Checkout

Japan PayPal Website Payments Plus

PayPal Website Payments Standard
PayPal Express Checkout

New Zealand PayPal Payflow Pro

PayPal Website Payments Standard
PayPal Express Checkout

Spain PayPal Pasarela Integral

PayPal Website Payments Standard
PayPal Express Checkout

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PayPal Payment Solutions (cont.)

COUNTRY PAYPAL PAYMENT SOLUTION
United Kingdom PayPal Payments Pro Hosted Solution (includes Express
Checkout)
PayPal Payments Standard
PayPal Express Checkout

United States PayPal Payments Advanced (Includes Express Checkout)

PayPal Payments Pro (Includes Express Checkout)
PayPal Payments Standard+
PayPal Payflow Pro (Includes Express Checkout)
PayPal Payflow Link (Includes Express Checkout)
PayPal Express Checkout

OTHER COUNTRIES

PayPal Express Checkout and PayPal Website Payments Standard are available in the following
countries:

Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Chile, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark. Dominican Republlic, Ecuador. Estonia, Finland. French Guiana. Gibraltar. Greece.
Guadeloupe, Hungary, Iceland. India. Indonesia. Ireland. Israel, Jamaica, Latvia. Leichtenstein.
Lithuania. Luxembourg, Malaysia. Malta. Martinique. Mexico, Netherlands. Norway, Philippines.
Poland. Portugal, Runion, Romania, San Marino, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa,
South Korea,, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Uruguay,
Venezuela, Vietnam

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Basic Payment Methods

The payment methods covered in this section are built in to Magento, and do not require the
services of a third-party payment processing company.

Offline Payments

Magento supports a number of offline payment methods,

including payment by check or money order, and cash on
delivery (COD),

Online Payments

Bank transfer is a basic payment method that is included

with all Magento stores.

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Check / Money Order

Magento Community Edition 2.1 allows you to accept payments by check or money order. The
Check / Money Order payment method is enabled for your story by default. You can accept
checks and money orders from only specific countries, and fine-tune the configuration with
minimum and maximum order total limits.

Check / Money Order

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To configure payment by check or money order:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Payment Methods.

3. Expand the Check / Money Order section. Then, do the following:

a. To accept payment by check or money order, set Enabled to Yes.

b. Enter a Title to identify the Check / Money Order payment method during checkout.

c. Set New Order Status to "Pending until receipt of payment is confirmed.

d. Set Payment from Applicable Countries to one of the following:

All Allowed Customers from all countries specified in your store configuration
Countries can use this payment method.

Specific Countries After choosing this option, the Payment from Specific Countries list
appears. Select each country in the list where customers can make
purchases from your store.

e. In the Make Check Payable To field, enter the name of the party to whom the check must
be payable.

f. In the Send Check To field, enter the street address or PO Box where the checks are
mailed.

g. Set Minimum Order Total and Maximum Order Total to the order amounts required to
qualify for this payment method.

An order qualifies if the total falls between, or exactly matches, the minimum or maximum total
values.

h. Enter a Sort Order number to determine the position of Check / Money Order in the list of
payment methods that is shown during checkout. (0 = first, 1 = second, 2 = third, and so
on.)

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Cash On Delivery CHAPTER 56: Basic Payment Methods

Cash On Delivery
Magento Community Edition 2.1 allows you to accept CODpayments for purchases. You can
accept COD payment from only specific countries, and fine-tune the configuration with
minimum and maximum order total limits.

The shipping carrier receives payment from the customer at the time of delivery, which is then
transferred to you. You can make an adjustment for any fee charged by the carrier service in
your shipping and handling charges.

Cash On Delivery Payment

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To set up cash on delivery payments:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Sales, select Payment Methods.

3. Expand the Cash On Delivery Payment section. Then, do the following:

a. To activate Cash On Delivery Payment, set Enabled to Yes.

b. Enter a Title to identify the COD payment method during checkout.

c. Set New Order Status to Pending until receipt of payment is confirmed.

d. Set Payment from Applicable Countries to one of the following:

All Allowed Customers from all countries specified in your store configuration
Countries can use this payment method.

Specific Countries After choosing this option, the Payment from Specific Countries list
appears. Select each country in the list where customers can make
purchases from your store.

e. Enter the Instructions for accepting delivery of a COD order.

f. Set Minimum Order Total and Maximum Order Total to the order amounts that are
required to qualify for COD payment.

An order qualifies if the total is between, or matches, the minimum or maximum order total.

g. Enter a Sort Order number to determine the sequence in which Cash On Delivery is listed
with other payment methods during checkout. (0 = first, 1 = second, 2 = third, and so on.)

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Bank Transfer CHAPTER 56: Basic Payment Methods

Bank Transfer
Magento Community Edition 2.1 allows you to accept payment that is transferred from a
customers bank account and deposited into your merchant bank account.

Bank Transfer Payment

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To configure bank transfer payments:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Sales, choose Payment Methods.

3. Expand the Bank Transfer Payment section. Then, do the following:

a. To activate bank transfers, set Enabled to Yes.

b. Enter a Title to identify the Bank Transfer Payment method during checkout.

c. Set New Order Status to Pending until payment is authorized.

d. Set Payment from Applicable Countries to one of the following:

All Allowed Customers from all countries specified in your store configuration
Countries can use this payment method.

Specific Countries After choosing this option, the Payment from Specific Countries list
appears. Select each country in the list where customers can make
purchases from your store.

e. Enter the Instructions your customers must follow to set up a bank transfer. Depending on
the country where your bank is located and the requirements of the bank, you might need
to include the following information:

l Bank account name

l Bank account number
l Bank routing code
l Bank name
l Bank address

f. Set Minimum Order Total and Maximum Order Total to the amounts required to qualify to
use this payment method.

An order qualifies if the total falls between, or exactly matches, the minimum or maximum total
values.

4. Enter a Sort Order number to determine the position of Bank Transfer in the list of payment
methods during checkout. (0 = first, 1 = second, 2 = third, and so on.)

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Purchase Order CHAPTER 56: Basic Payment Methods

Purchase Order
A purchase order (PO) allows commercial customers to pay for authorized purchases by
referencing the PO number. The purchase order is authorized and issued in advance by the
company that is making the purchase. During checkout, the customer chooses Purchase Order
as the method of payment. Upon receipt of your invoice, the company processes the payment
in their accounts payable system, and pays for the purchase.

Before accepting payment by purchase order, always establish the credit worthiness of the
commercial customer.

Purchase Order

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CHAPTER 56: Basic Payment Methods Purchase Order

To configure payment by purchase order:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Sales, choose Payment Methods.

3. Expand the Purchase Order section. Then, do the following:

a. To activate this payment method, set Enabled to Yes.

b. Enter a Title to identify this payment method during checkout.

c. Set New Order Status to Pending until payment is authorized.

d. Set Payment from Applicable Countries to one of the following:

All Allowed Customers from all countries specified in your store configuration
Countries can use this payment method.

Specific Countries After choosing this option, the Payment from Specific Countries list
appears. Select each country in the list where customers can make
purchases from your store.

e. Set Minimum Order Total and Maximum Order Total to the amounts required to qualify
for this payment method.

An order qualifies if the total falls between, or exactly matches, the minimum or maximum total
values.

f. Enter a Sort Order number to determine the position of Purchase Order in the list of
payment methods during checkout. (0 = first, 1 = second, 2 = third, and so on.)

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Zero Subtotal Checkout CHAPTER 56: Basic Payment Methods

Zero Subtotal Checkout

Zero Subtotal Checkout is available only for orders created from the Admin, and can be used for
orders with a subtotal of zero that are taxed after a discount is applied. For example, Zero
Subtotal Checkout might be used in the following situations:

l A discount covers the entire price of the purchase, with no additional charge for shipping.
l The customer adds a downloadable or virtual product to the shopping cart, and the price
equals zero.
l The price of a simple product is zero, and the Free Shipping method is available.
l A coupon code covers the full price of products and shipping.

To save time, zero subtotal orders can be set to invoice automatically.

Zero Subtotal Checkout

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CHAPTER 56: Basic Payment Methods Zero Subtotal Checkout

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Sales, select Payment Methods.

3. Click to expand the Zero Subtotal Checkout section. Then, do the following:

a. Enter a Title to identify the Zero Subtotal method during checkout.

b. Set Enabled to Yes to activate Zero Subtotal Checkout.

c. If orders typically wait for authorization, set New Order Status to Pending until payment
is authorized.

Pending The order is waiting for authorization.

Processing Payment has been authorized, and the transaction is being

processed.

d. Set Automatically Invoice All Items to Yes if you want to automatically invoice all items
that have a zero balance.

e. Set Payment from Applicable Countries to one of the following:

All Allowed Customers from all countries specified in your store configuration
Countries can use this payment method.

Specific Countries After choosing this option, the Payment from Specific Countries list
appears. Select each country in the list where customers can make
purchases from your store.

f. Enter a Sort Order number to determine the position of Zero Subtotal Checkout in the list
of payment methods during checkout. (0 = first, 1 = second, 2 = third, and so on.)

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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822 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide
 CHAPTER 57:

Other Payment Methods

Magento Community Edition 2.1 supports the following payment solution that offer merchant
services in all parts of the world. Unlike some payment solutions that transfer control to
another site to complete the transaction, a payment gateway makes it possible for you to accept
credit card payments directly from your store without the customer leaving your site.

l Authorize.Net Direct Post

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Authorize.Net Direct Post CHAPTER 57: Other Payment Methods

Authorize.Net Direct Post

Authorize.Net handles all steps in the transaction process such as payment data collection,
data submission, and response to the customer while the customer remains in your store.
Authorize.Net Direct Post can be used with orders created from the Admin as well as from the
store.

Customer Workflow
Customer chooses payment method. During checkout, the customer chooses
Authorize.Net Direct Post as the payment method.

Customer submits the order. The customer enters the credit card information, reviews
the order, and taps the Place Order button.

Authorize.Net completes the transaction. Authorize.Net validates the card

information, and processes the transaction.

l If successful, the customer is redirected to the order confirmation page.

l If the transaction fails, an error message appears, and the customer can try a different
card, or choose a different payment method.

Setting Up Authorize.Net Direct Post

For step-by-step configuration instructions, see Authorize.Net Direct Post in the Magento
Community Edition 2.1online user guide.

Authorize.Net Direct Post

824 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

Shipping

825
 Contents
Studies show that stores offering customers a Shipping Settings
choice of several shipping methods have higher
conversion rates than those that use a single Shipping Policy
method for all shipments. In this section of the Basic Shipping Methods
guide, you will learn how to set up a variety of
Free Shipping
shipping methods and carriers, and print
Flat Rate
shipping labels.
Table Rate
Dimensional Weight

Carriers

Shipping Labels
Shipping Label Workflow
Configuring Shipping Labels
Creating Shipping Labels

826
 CHAPTER 58:

Shipping Settings
The shipping configuration establishes the point of origin for all shipments, your shipping
policy, and the handling of shipments to multiple addresses.

l Point of Origin
l Shipping to Multiple Addresses
l Shipping Policy

Shipping Settings

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Point of Origin CHAPTER 58: Shipping Settings

Point of Origin
The point of origin is used to calculate the charge for shipments made from your store or
warehouse, and also determines the tax rate for products sold. When calculating EU taxes,
make sure that the Default Tax Destination Calculation for each store view corresponds to the
Shipping Settings point of origin.

Origin

To establish the point of origin:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Sales, choose Shipping Settings.

3. Expand the Origin section, and complete the following:

l Country
l Region / State
l ZIP / Postal Code
l City
l Street Address (and line 2, if needed)

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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CHAPTER 58: Shipping Settings Multiple Addresses

Multiple Addresses
The Multiaddress Shipping options enable customers to ship an order to multiple addresses
during checkout, and determine the maximum number of addresses to which an order can be
shipped.

To configure multiple address shipping:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Multishipping Settings.

3. Expand the Options section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Allow Shipping to Multiple Addresses to Yes.

b. Enter the Maximum Qty Allowed for Shipping to Multiple Addresses.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

Multiaddress Shipping Options

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Shipping Policy CHAPTER 58: Shipping Settings

Shipping Policy
To display your shipping policy during checkout, complete the Shipping Policy Parameters in
the configuration.

Shipping Policy Parameters

To configure your shipping policy:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Sales, choose Shipping Settings.

3. Expand the Shipping Policy Parameters section, and do the following:

a. Set Apply Custom Shipping Policy to Yes.

a. Either paste or enter your Shipping Policy into the text box.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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 CHAPTER 59:

Basic Shipping Methods

Magento Community Edition 2.1 supports a wide range of shipping methods and carriers. In
this chapter you will learn how to set up that shipping methods that do not require an
account with a third-party provider.

l Free Shipping
l Flat Rate
l Table Rates
l Dimensional Weight

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Free Shipping CHAPTER 59: Basic Shipping Methods

Free Shipping
Free shipping is one of the most effective promotions you can offer. It can be based on a
minimum purchase, or set up as a cart price rule that is applied when a set of conditions is
met. If both apply to the same order, the configuration setting takes precedence over the cart
rule.

Check your shipping carrier configuration for any additional settings that may be required for free
shipping.

Free Shipping

Step 1: Configure Free Shipping

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Sales, choose Shipping Methods.

3. Expand the Free Shipping section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Enabled to Yes.

b. Enter a Title to identify the Free Shipping method during checkout.

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c. Enter a Method Name to describe this shipping method.

d. Enter the Minimum Order Amount to qualify for free shipping.

To use Free Shipping with Table Rates, make the Minimum Order Amount so high that it is
never met. This prevents Free Shipping from going into effect, unless it is triggered by a price
rule.

e. In the Displayed Error Message box, type the message to appear if free shipping becomes
unavailable.

f. Set Ship to Applicable Countries to one of the following:

All Allowed Customers from all countries specified in your store configuration
Countries can use free shipping.

Specific Countries After choosing this option, the Ship to Specific Countries list
appears. Select each country in the list where free shipping can be
used.

g. Set Show Method if Not Applicable to one of the following:

Yes Always shows the Free Shipping method, even when not applicable.

No Shows the Free Shipping method only when applicable.

h. Enter a Sort Order number to determine the position of free shipping in the list of
shipping methods during checkout. (0 = first, 1 = second, 2 = third, and so on.)

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

Step 2: Enable Free Shipping in the Carrier Configuration

Make sure to complete any configuration that is required for each carrier that you plan to use
for free shipping. For example, if your UPS configuration is otherwise complete, make the
following settings to enable and configure free shipping:

1. From the Shipping Methods configuration, click to expand the UPS section.

2. Expand the UPS section. Then, set Free Method to Ground.

3. To require a minimum order for free shipping, set Free Shipping with Minimum Order
Amount to Enable.

4. Enter the required amount in the Minimum Order Amount for Free Shipping field.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Flat Rate Shipping CHAPTER 59: Basic Shipping Methods

Flat Rate Shipping

Flat rate is a fixed, predefined charge that can be applied per item, or per shipment. Flat rate is
a simple shipping solution, especially when used with the flat-rate packaging that is available
from some carriers.

Flat Rate

To set up flat rate shipping:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Sales, choose Shipping Methods.

3. Expand the Flat Rate section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Enabled to Yes.

Flat Rate appears as an option in the Estimate Shipping and Tax section of the shopping
cart, and also in the Shipping section during checkout.

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CHAPTER 59: Basic Shipping Methods Flat Rate Shipping

b. Enter a descriptive Title for the Flat Rate method.

c. Enter a Method Name to appear next to the calculated rate in the shopping cart. The
default method name is Fixed. If you charge a handling fee, you can change the Method
Name to Plus Handling, or something else that is suitable.

d. To describe how flat rate shipping can be used, set Type to one of the following:

None Disables the payment type. The Flat Rate option is listed in the
cart, but with a rate of zerowhich is the same as free shipping.

Per Order Charges a single flat rate for the entire order.

Per Item Charges a single flat rate for each item. The rate is multiplied by the
number of items in the cart, regardless of whether there are multiple
quantities of the same, or of different items.

e. Enter the Price that you want to charge for flat rate shipping.

f. If charging an additional handling fee, set Calculate Handling Fee to one of the following:

l Fixed
l Percent

Then, enter the Handling Fee rate according to the method used to calculate the fee. For
example, if the fee is calculating based on a percentage, enter 0.06 for 6 percent. If using a
fixed amount calculation, enter the fee as a decimal.

g. In the Displayed Error Message box, type the message that appears if Flat Rate Shipping
becomes unavailable.

h. Set Ship to Applicable Countries to one of the following:

All Allowed Customers from all countries specified in your store configuration
Countries can use flat rate shipping.

Specific Countries After choosing this option, the Ship to Specific Countries list
appears. Select each country in the list where flat rate shipping can
be used.

i. Enter a Sort Order number to determine the position of the Flat Rate in the list of
shipping methods during checkout. (0 = first, 1 = second, 2 = third, and so on.)

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Table Rates CHAPTER 59: Basic Shipping Methods

Table Rates
The table rate shipping method references a table of data to calculate shipping rates based on a
combination of conditions, including:

l Weight v. Destination
l Price v. Destination
l # of Items v. Destination

For example, if your warehouse is in Los Angeles, it costs less to ship to San Diego than to
Vermont. You can use table rate shipping to pass the savings on to your customers.

The data that is used to calculate tables rates is prepared in a spreadsheet and imported into
your store. When the customer requests a quote, the results appear in the shipping estimate
section of the shopping cart.

Only one set of table rate data can be active at a time.

Table Rate in Shopping Cart

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Process Overview:
Step 1: Complete the Default Settings
Step 2: Prepare the Table Rate Data
Step 3: Import the Table Rate Data
Step 4: Verify the Rates

Step 1: Complete the Default Settings

The first step is to complete the default settings for table rates. You can complete this step
without changing the scope of the configuration.

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Shipping Methods.

3. Expand the Table Rates section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Enabled to Yes.

If necessary, clear the Use system value checkbox to edit for any field to be edited.

b. Enter the Title that you want to appear for table rates section during checkout. (The
default title is Best Way.)

c. Enter the Method Name that you want to appear as a label next to the calculated rate in
the shopping cart.

d. Set Condition to one of the following calculation methods:

l Weight v. Destination
l Price v. Destination
l # of Items v. Destination

e. For orders that include virtual products, set Include Virtual Products in Price Calculation
to Yes if you want to be able to include the virtual product(s) in the calculation.

Because virtual productssuch as serviceshave no weight, they cannot change the result of
a calculation that is based on the Weight v. Destination condition. However, virtual products
can change the result of a calculation that is based on either the Price v. Destination or # of
Items vs Destination condition.

f. If charging a handling fee, set Calculate Handling Fee to one of the following:

l Fixed
l Percent

Then, enter the Handling Fee rate according to the method used to calculate the fee.

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Table Rates CHAPTER 59: Basic Shipping Methods

If the handling fee is based on a percent, enter the whole number without the percent sign.

g. In the Displayed Error Message box, type the message that appears when this method is
not available.

h. Set Ship to Applicable Countries to one of the following:

All Allowed Customers from any country specified in your store configuration
Countries can use table rate shipping.

Specific Countries After choosing this option, the Ship to Specific Countries list
appears. Select each country where customers can use table rate
shipping.

i. Enter a Sort Order number to determine where table rates appear in the list of shipping
methods during checkout. (0 = first, 1 = second, 2 = third, and so on.)

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

Table Rates

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CHAPTER 59: Basic Shipping Methods Table Rates

Step 2: Prepare the Table Rate Data

1. In the upper-left corner, set Store View to Main Website, or to any other website where the
configuration applies. When prompted to confirm, tap OK.

The Export and Import options now appear in the Table Rates section, with Use Default
checkboxes to the right of each option.

To change any of the current settings, you must first clear the Use Default checkbox next to the
field.

2. To change the Condition, clear the Use Default checkbox. Then, choose another option.

3. Tap Export CSV. Then, save the tablerates.csv file to your computer.

Export CS

4. Open the file in a spreadsheet. Then, complete the table with appropriate values for the
shipping calculation condition.

l Use an asterisk (*) as a wildcard to represent all possible values in any category.
l The Country column must contain a valid three-character code for each row.
l Sort the data by Region/State so the specific locations are at the top of the list, and the
wildcard locations at the bottom. This will process the rules with the absolute values first,
and the wildcard values later.

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Table Rates CHAPTER 59: Basic Shipping Methods

Weight vs. Destination (Australia)

5. When complete, save the tablerates.csv file.

Step 3:Import the Table Rate Data

1. Return to the Table Rates section of your store configuration.

2. In the upper-left corner, set Store View to the website where this method will be used.

3. Next to the Import field, tap Choose File. Select your completed tablerates.csv file, and import
the rates.

Import Table Rates

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Step 4: Verify the Rates

To make sure that the table rate data is correct, go through the payment process with several
different addresses to make sure the shipping and handling rates are calculated correctly.

Example 1: Price v. Destination

This example uses the Price v. Destination condition to create a set of three different shipping
rates based on the amount of the order subtotal for the continental United States, Alaska, and
Hawaii. The asterisk (*) is a wildcard that represents all values.

ORDER
REGION / ZIP / POSTAL SUBTOTAL SHIPPING
COUNTRY STATE CODE (and above) PRICE
USA HI * 100 10

USA HI * 50 15

USA HI * 0 20

USA AK * 100 10

USA AK * 50 15

USA AK * 0 20

USA * * 100 5

USA * * 50 10

USA * * 0 15

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Table Rates CHAPTER 59: Basic Shipping Methods

Example 2: Weight v. Destination

This example uses the Weight v. Destination condition to create different shipping rates based on the
weight of the order.

REGION / ZIP / POSTAL WEIGHT (AND SHIPPING

COUNTRY STATE CODE ABOVE) PRICE
AUS NT * 9 39.95

AUS NT * 0 19.95

AUS VIC * 9 19.95

AUS VIC * 0 5.95

AUS WA * 9 39.95

AUS WA * 0 19.95

AUS * * 9 29.95

AUS * * 0 9.95

Example 3: Restrict Free Shipping to the Continental United States

1. Create a tablerates.csv file that includes all the state destinations to which you are willing to
provide free shipping.

2. Complete the table rate configuration with the following settings:

SETTING VALUE
Condition Price v. Destination

Method Name Free Shipping

Ship to Applicable Countries Specific Countries

Ship to Specific Countries Select only United States

Show method if not applicable No

3. Set Store View to the main website. Then, tap Import to import the tablesrates.csv file.

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Dimensional Weight
Dimensional weight, sometimes called volumetric weight, is a common industry practice that
bases the transportation price on a combination of weight and package volume. In simple
terms, dimensional weight is used to determine the shipping rate based on the amount of space
a package occupies in the cargo area of the carrier. Dimensional weight is typically used when a
package is relatively light compared to its volume.

All major carriers now apply dimensional weight to some shipments. However, the manner in
which dimensional weight pricing is applied varies from one carrier to another.

l DHL
l FedEx
l UPS
l USPS

We recommend that you become familiar with the method used by each carrier to determine
and apply dimensional weight. If your company has a high volume of shipments, even a slight
difference in shipping price can translate to thousands of dollars over the course of a year.
Magentos native shipping configuration does not include support for dimensional weight.

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844 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide
 CHAPTER 60:

Carriers
If you have a commercial account with a supported carrier, you can offer your customers the
convenience of choosing that carrier during checkout. The rates are automatically downloaded,
so you do not need to look up the information.

Before you can offer your customers a selection of shipping carriers, you must first complete the
shipping settings to establish the point of origin for your store. Then, complete the
configuration for each carrier service that you want to offer. The configuration options vary for
each carrier. However, all require that you first open a shipping account with the carrier, and
enter your account number or user ID, and the gateway URL to their system into the
configuration of your store. See Magento Connect for additional shipping services for your
Magento Community Edition 2.1 installation.

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 CHAPTER 60: Carriers

See the online user guide for step-by-step configuration instructions for the following carriers:

UPS
United Parcel Service offers domestic and international
shipping services by land and air to more than 220
countries.

USPS
The United States Postal Service is the independent
postal service of United States government. USPS
offers domestic and international shipping services by
land and air.

FedEx
Offers domestic and international shipping services by
land and air to more than 220 countries.

DHL
Offers integrated international services and tailored,
customer-focused solutions for managing and
transporting letters, goods and information.

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 CHAPTER 61:

Shipping Labels
Magento Community Edition 2.1 includes a high level of integration with major shipping
carriers, which gives you access to carrier shipping systems to track orders, create shipping
labels, and more. Shipping labels can be created for regular shipments and products with
return merchandise authorization. In addition to the information provided by the shipping
carrier, the label also includes the Magento order number, number of the package, and the total
quantity of packages for the Magento shipment.

USPS Priority Shipping Label

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Shipping Label Workflow CHAPTER 61: Shipping Labels

Shipping Label Workflow

Shipping labels can be produced at the time a shipment is created, or later. Shipping labels are
stored in PDF format and are downloaded to your computer.

Administrator submits shipping label request. The store Administrator completes

the information necessary to generate labels, and submits the request.

Request sent to carrier. Magento contacts the shipping carrier, and creates an order in
the carriers system. A separate order is created for each package that is shipped.

Carrier sends label and tracking number. The carrier sends the shipping label and
tracking number for the shipment.

l A single shipment with multiple packages receives multiple shipping labels.

l If you generate the same shipping labels multiple times, the original tracking numbers
are preserved.

l For returned products with RMA numbers, the old tracking numbers are replaced with
new ones.

Administrator downloads and prints the label. After the shipping label is generated,
the new shipment is saved and the label can be printed. If the shipping label cannot be
created due to problems with the connection or any other reason, the shipment is not
created.
Depending on your browser settings, the PDF file can be opened and printed. Each label
appears on a separate page in the PDF.

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CHAPTER 61: Shipping Labels Configuring Shipping Labels

Configuring Shipping Labels

The following settings must be made at the product level, as well as in the configuration of
each carrier that is used to print labels. To print labels, all carriers require that you open an
account. Then, complete the configuration in your store for each carrier that you plan to use.

Step 1: Verify the Country of Manufacture

The country of manufacture is required for all products that are shipped internationally by
USPS and FedEx, If you have many products that need to be updated, you can either import
the updates, or use the Inventory grid to update multiple records.

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

Method 1:Update a Single Record

a. In the grid, find the product to be updated, and open in edit mode.

b. In the panel on the left under Advanced Settings, choose Autosettings.

c. Update the Country of Manufacture field.

d. When complete, tap Save.

Country of Manufacture

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Configuring Shipping Labels CHAPTER 61: Shipping Labels

Method 2:Update Multiple Records

a. In the grid, mark the checkbox of each product to be updated. For example, all products
that are manufactured in China.

b. Set the Actions control to Update Attributes. Then, tap Submit.

c. In the Update Attributes form, find the Country of Manufacture field and mark the
Change checkbox. Then, choose the country.

d. When complete, tap Save.

Step 2: Verify the Store Information

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Sales, choose Shipping Settings. then, do the following:

a. Expand the Origin section, and verify that the following fields are complete:

Street Address The street address of the place from which shipments are sent. For
example, the location of your company or warehouse. This field is
required for shipping labels.

Street Address Any additional address information, such as the floor, entrance and
Line2 so on. We strongly recommend that you use this field.

Origin

b. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Shipping Methods. Then, expand the
USPS section, and verify that the following fields are complete:

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Secure Gateway Magento automatically enters the gateway URL.

URL

Password The password is provided by USPS, and gives you access to their
system through Web Services.

Length, Width The default dimensions of the package. To make these fields
Height, Girth appear, set Size to Large.

c. Expand the FedEx section, and verify that the following fields are complete:

l Meter Number
l Key
l Password

This information is provided by the carrier, and is required to gain access to their system
through Web Services.

d. In the panel on the left under General, choose General. Expand the Store Information
section, and verify that the following fields are complete:

Store Name The name of the store or store view.

Store Contact The telephone number of the primary contact for the store or store
Telephone view.

Country The country where your store is based.

VAT Number If applicable the Value Added Tax number of your store. (Not
required for stores based in the U.S.)

Store Contact The street address of the primary contact for the store or store view.
Address

e. If you have multiple stores, and the contact information differs from the default, set Store
View for each, and verify that the information is complete. If the information is missing,
youll get an error when you try to print the labels.

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Store Information

3. When complete, tap Save Config.

Carrier Requirements
CARRIER REQUIREMENTS
USPS Requires a USPS account.

UPS Requires a UPS account. Shipping labels are available only for shipments
that originate in the U.S. Specific credentials are required for stores outside
the US.

FedEx Requires a FedEx account. For stores outside of the U.S., shipping labels
are supported for international shipments only. FedEx does not allow
domestic shipments that originate outside of the U.S

DHL Requires a DHL account. Shipping labels are supported only for shipments
that originate in the U.S.

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Creating Shipping Labels

To create shipping labels, you must first set up your shipping carrier account to support labels.
Then, follow the prompts to enter a description of the package and its contents.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Contact Your Shipping Carriers
Step 2: Update the Configuration for Each Carrier
Step 3: Create Shipping Labels
Step 4: Print the Labels

Step 1: Contact Your Shipping Carriers

Before you begin, make sure that your shipping accounts are set up to process labels. Some
carriers might charge an additional fee to add shipping labels to your account.

1. Contact each carrier that you use to activate shipping labels for your store.

2. Follow the instructions provided by each carrier to add shipping label support to your account.

FedEx Contact FedEx Web Services regarding their label evaluation process.

USPS Contact [email protected] to request that API Signature

Confirmation V3 be enabled for your live USPS API Access account.

UPS Contact UPS to confirm your account type supports shipping labels. To
generate shipping labels, you must use the UPS XML option.

DHL Contact the DHL Resource Center to learn more about their services or send
an inquiry through their Contact Center.

Step 2: Update the Configuration for Each Carrier

1. Make sure that your Store Information is complete.

2. Follow the instructions below for each carrier account that has been activated for label printing.

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UPS Configuration

United Parcel Service ships both domestically and internationally. However, shipping labels
can be generated only for shipments that originate within the United States.

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Shipping Methods.

3. Expand the UPS section. Then, verify that your UPS Shipper Number is correct. Your
Shipper Number appears only when United Parcel Service XML is enabled.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

USPS Configuration

The United States Postal Service ships both domestically and internationally.

1. Continuing in the Shipping Methods configuration, expand the USPS section. Then, do
the following:

a. Verify that the Secure Gateway URL is entered. The correct URL should be entered
automatically.

b. Enter the Password provided to you by USPS.

c. Set Size to Large. Then, enter the following dimensions:

l Length
l Width
l Height
l Girth

2. When complete, tap Save Config.

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FedEx Configuration

FedEx ships domestically and internationally. Stores located outside the United States can
create FedEx labels for international shipments only.

1. Continuing in the Shipping Methods configuration, expand the FedEx section. Then,
make sure that the following FedEx credentials are correct:

l Meter Number
l Key
l Password

2. When complete, tap Save Config.

DHL Configuration

DHL provides international shipping services.

1. Continuing in the Shipping Methods configuration, expand the DHL section. Then, do the
following:

a. Verify that the Gateway URL is entered. The correct URL should be entered automatically.

b. Make sure that the following credentials are complete:

l Access ID
l Password
l Account Number

2. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Step 3: Create Shipping Labels

Process Overview:
Method 1: Create Label for New Shipment
Method 2: Create Label for Existing Shipment

Method 1: Create Label for New Shipment

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Sales. Then under Operations, choose Orders.

2. Find the order in the grid, and open the record. The status of the order must be either
Pending or Processing.

3. In the upper-right corner, tap Ship. Then, confirm the shipping information according to
carrier requirements.

4. In the lower-right corner, mark the Create Shipping Label checkbox. Then, tap Submit
Shipment, and do the following:

a. To add products from the order to the package, tap Add Products. The Quantity
column shows the maximum number of products that are available for the package.

b. Mark the checkbox of each product to be added to the package, and enter the
Quantity of each. Then, tap Add Selected Product(s) to Package.

l To add a new package, tap Add Package.

l To delete a package, tap Delete Package.

If you use a package type other than the default, or require a signature, the cost of shipping
might differ from what you have charged the customer. Any difference in the cost of shipping is
not reflected in your store.

5. When complete, tap OK.

If you need to cancel an order, tap Cancel. A shipping label will not be created, and the Create
Shipping Label checkbox is cleared.

Magento connects to the shipping carrier system, submits the order, and receives a shipping
label and tracking number for each package.

l If the label is successfully created, the shipment is submitted, the tracking number
appears in the form, and the label is ready to print.
l If the carrier cannot create the label due to the problems with connection, or for any
other reason, the shipment is not processed.

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Method 2: Create Label for Existing Shipment

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Sales. Then under Operations, choose Orders.

2. Find the order in the grid, and open the Shipping form. Then, do the following:

a. In the Shipping and Tracking Information section, tap Create Shipping Label.

b. Distribute the ordered product(s) to the appropriate package(s), and tap OK.

c. To review the package information, tap Show Packages.

Magento connects to the shipping carrier system, submits an order, and receives a shipping
label and a tracking number.

If a shipping label for this shipment already exists in the system, it is replaced with a new one.
However, existing tracking numbers are not replaced. Any new tracking number is added to
the existing one.

Step 4: Print the Labels

Shipping labels are generated in PDF format, and can be printed from the Admin. Each label
includes the order number and package number.

Because an individual shipment order for each package is created, multiple shipping labels might
be received for a single shipment.

Process Overview:
Method 1: Print Label from Shipment Form
Method 2: Print Labels for Multiple Orders

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Method 1: Print Label from Shipment Form

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Sales. Then, do one of the following:

l Choose Orders. Find the order in the grid, and open the record. In the panel on the left,
choose Shipments. Then, open the shipment record.
l Choose Shipments. Find the order in the grid, and open the record.

2. To download the PDFfile, go to the Shipping and Tracking section of the form, and tap
Print Shipping Label. Depending on your browser settings, the shipping labels can be
viewed and printed directly from the PDF file.

The Print Shipping Label button appears only after the carrier generates labels for the
shipment. If the button is missing, click Create Shipping Label. The button appears after
Magento receives the label from the carrier.

Method 2: Print Labels for Multiple Orders

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Sales. Then, choose one of the following:

l Orders
l Shipments

2. In the grid, mark the checkbox of each order with shipping labels to be printed.

3. Set the Actions control to "Print Shipping Labels."

4. Tap Submit.

A complete set of shipping labels is printed for each shipment that is related to the selected
orders.

Required Carrier Configuration Settings

SETTING DESCRIPTION
Type Package types differ by carrier and method. The default package
type for each carrier is initially selected.
USPS does not require the package type for domestic shipments.

Customs Value (International shipments only) The declared value or sales price of the
contents of an international shipment.

Total Weight The total weight of all products added to the package is calculated
automatically. The value can also be changed manually, and entered
as pounds or kilograms.

Length, Width, Height (Optional) The package dimensions are used for custom packages
only. You can specify the measurements units as inches or
centimeters.

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Required Carrier Configuration Settings (cont.)

SETTING DESCRIPTION

Not Required No confirmation of delivery is sent to the

store by the shipping carrier.

No Signature A delivery confirmation without the signature

of the recipient is sent to the store by the
shipping carrier.

Signature Required The shipping carrier obtains the signature of

the recipient and provides the store with a
printed copy.

Direct (FedEx Only) FedEx obtains a signature from

someone at the delivery address. If no one is
available to sign for the package, the carrier
tries to deliver the package at another time.

Indirect (FedEx Residential Deliveries Only) FedEx

obtains the signature of someone, possibly a
neighbor or building manager, at the delivery
address. The recipient can leave a signed
FedEx door tag to authorize the package to
be left without anyone present to sign for it.

Contents (USPS Only) Select one of the following

descriptions of the package:
Gift
Documents
Commercial Sample
Returned Goods
Merchandise
Other

Explanation (USPS Only) A detailed description of the

package contents.

Adult Required The shipping carrier obtains the signature of

an adult recipient and provides the store with
a printed copy.

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Label Packages
The Create Packages window appears when you choose to create a shipping label. You can start
configuring the first package immediately.

To configure a package:
1. Complete the fields as described below.

If you select the non-default value in the Type field or choose to require a signature confirmation,
the price of a shipment may differ from the one you charged to the customer.

2. To view a list of shipped products and add them to the package, tap Add Products.

The Qty column shows the maximum quantity that is available to add. For the first package,
the number is the total quantity of the product to be shipped.

3. Specify the products and quantities. To add the products to the package, tap Add Selected
Product(s) to Package.

l To add a new package, tap Add Package. You can add several packages, and edit them at
the same time.
l To delete a package, tap Delete Package.

After products are added to the package, the quantity cannot be edited directly.

To increase the quantity:

1. Tap Add Selection .

2. Enter the additional quantity.

The number is added to the previous quantity of the product in the package.

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To decrease the quantity:

1. Delete the product from the package.

2. Tap Add Selection.

3. Enter the new, smaller value.

After you distribute all products, the total number of the packages you are going to use equals
the number of the last package in the list. The OK button is disabled until all shipped items are
distributed to packages, and all necessary information is complete.

4. When complete, tap OK to generate the labels.

If you need to stop the process, tap Cancel. The packages are not saved, and the shipping label
process is canceled.

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Field Descriptions
FIELD DESCRIPTION
Type Specifies the type of a package. Select one of the predefined values.
Available package types are different for each shipping carrier.
When the Create Packages pop-up window opens, the default
package for the shipping carrier appears in the Type field. If you
select a package that is not designed by a shipping carrier, you must
enter the dimensions of the package.
For shipping labels created for DHL, FedEx, and UPS shipments, the
Type of Goods field is set to Merchandise. For USPS, the Type
field reflects the value from the Contents field in the Create
Packages window.

Total Weight The total weight of a package. The field is pre-populated with the total
weight of products in a package. The unit of measurement can be set
to either pounds or kilograms.

Length The length of a package, integer and floating point numbers. The field
is enabled if the custom package type is used. The unit of
measurement can be set to either inches or centimeters.

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Field Descriptions (cont.)

FIELD DESCRIPTION
Width The width of a package, integer and floating point numbers. The field
is enabled if the custom package type is used. The measurement
units can be specified using the drop-down menu next to the Height
field; select between inches and centimeters.

Height The height of a package, integer and floating point numbers. The field
is enabled if the custom package type is used. The measurement
units can be specified using the drop-down menu next to the Height
field; select between inches and centimeters.

Signature Confirmation Defines delivery confirmation. Options:

Not Required No delivery confirmation letter is sent to you.

No Signature A delivery confirmation letter without a

recipients signature is sent to you.

Signature Required The shipping carrier obtains the recipients

signature and provides you with its printed
copy.

Adult Required The shipping carrier obtains the adult

recipients signature and provides you with
its printed copy.

Direct (FedEx only) FedEx obtains a signature from someone at

the delivery address and reattempts delivery
if no one is available to sign for the package.

Indirect (FedEx FedEx obtains a signature in one of three

only) ways: (1) from someone at the delivery
address; (2) from a neighbor, building
manager or other person at a neighboring
address; or (3) the recipient can leave a
signed FedEx Door Tag authorizing release
of the package without anyone present.
Available for residential deliveries only.
The options may vary slightly for different
shipping methods. For the most up to date
information refer to shipping carriers
resources.

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Field Descriptions (cont.)

FIELD DESCRIPTION
Contents (Available for USPS shipments only) Description of the package
contents. Options:
Gift
Documents
Commercial Sample
Returned Goods
Merchandise
Other

Explanation (USPS shipments only) Detailed description of the package content.

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865
 Contents
In this section of the guide, you will learn how to Reports Menu
filter data and online generate reports. The report
data can be opened in a spreadsheet or imported Statistics
into other applications. Marketing

Reviews

Sales

Customers

Products

New Relic Reporting

New Relic Queries

866
 CHAPTER 62:

Reports Menu
Magento Community Edition 2.1 provides a wide selection of reports to keep you informed on
your marketing efforts, sales products, and customer activity. The Reports menu provides easy
access to current information about your sales, products, customers, and promotions.

Reports Menu

To display the Reports menu:

On the Admin sidebar, tap Reports .

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Menu Options
Marketing Reports
A selection of marketing reports, including Products in Cart, Search Terms, Abandoned Carts, and
Newsletter Problem Reports.

Review Reports
The selection of product review reports includes By Customer and By Product.

Sales Reports
The selection of sales reports includes Orders, Tax, Invoiced, Shipping, Refunds, Coupons, and PayPal
Settlement.

Customer Reports
The selection of customer reports includes Order Total, Order Account, and New.

Product Reports
The selection of product reports includes Views, Bestsellers, Low Stock, Ordered, and Downloads.

Statistics
Statistics is a tool that reduces the performance impact of generating reports by calculating and storing
statistical data. Rather than recalculate the statistics every time a report is generated, the stored statistics
are used until you refresh the statistics.

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Refresh Statistics
To reduce the performance impact of generating sales reports, Magento calculates and stores
the required statistics for each report. Rather than recalculate the statistics every time a report
is generated, the stored statistics are used, unless you refresh the statistics. To include the
most recent data, the report statistics must be refreshed before a sales report is generated.

Refresh Statistics

To refresh report statistics:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Reports. Then under Statistics, choose Refresh Statistics.

2. In the list, mark the checkbox of each report to be refreshed.

3. Set the Actions control to one of the following:

l Refresh Lifetime Statistics

l Refresh Statistics for the Last Day

4. When complete, tap Submit.

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 CHAPTER 63:

Marketing Reports
Marketing reports provide information about the status of shopping carts, the use of search
terms, and newsletter transmissions.

Products in Cart Report

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Reports
Products in Cart
The Products in Cart Report lists all products currently in
shopping carts, and includes the name and price of each
item, the number of carts with the item, and the number
of times each item has been ordered.

Search Terms
The Search Terms Report shows what your customers
are looking for in each store view. The report includes the
number of matching items found in the catalog, and how
many times the search term has been used.

Abandoned Carts
The Abandoned Carts Report lists all registered
customers who have abandoned carts that have not yet
expired. The report includes the customer name and
email address, the number of products in the cart and
subtotal, the date created, and date last updated.

Newsletter Problems
The Newsletter Problems Report includes information
about any newsletter queue that failed to transmit
successfully. The report includes the name of each
subscriber, and queue date and subject, the information
about the error.

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Review Reports
The Review Reports provide information about product reviews by customer and by product.

l By Customers
l By Products

Review Report by Product

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Reports
By Customers
The Customer Reviews Report lists all customer who
have submitted product reviews. The report includes the
number of reviews submitted by each customer, and a
link to the list of reviews.

By Products
The Product Reviews Report lists all products that have
been reviewed by customers. The report includes the
number of reviews and average rating, the product was
last reviewed, and a link to the list of reviews for each
product.

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Sales Reports
The selection of sales reports includes Orders, Tax, Invoiced, Shipping, Refunds, Coupons, and
PayPal Settlement.

Shipping Report

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Reports
Orders
The Orders Report can be filtered by time interval, date
and status. The report includes the number of orders
placed and canceled, with totals for sales, amounts
invoiced, refunded, tax collected, shipping charged, and
discounts.

Tax
The Tax Report can be filtered by time interval, date, and
status. The report includes the tax rule applied, tax rate,
number of orders, and amount of tax charged.

Invoiced
The Invoice Report can be filtered by time interval, date,
and status. The report includes the number of orderss
and invoices during the time period, with amounts
invoiced, paid, and unpaid.

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Shipping
The Shipping Report can be filtered by time interval, date,
and status. The report includes the number of orders for
carrier or shipping method used,with amounts for total
sales shipping and and total shipping.

Refunds
The Refunds Report can be filtered by time interval, date,
and status. The report includes the number of refunded
orders, and total amount refunded online and offline.

Coupons
The Coupons Report can be filtered by time interval,
date, and status. The report includes each coupon code
used during the specified time interval, related price rule,
and number of times used with totals and subtotals for
sales and discounts.

PayPal Settlement
The PayPal Settlement Report can be filtered by date,
merchant account, transaction ID, invoice ID, or PayPal
reference ID. The report includes the type of event, such
as a debit card transaction, the start and finish dates,
gross amount, and related fees. The report can be
automatically updated with the most current data from
PayPal.

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 CHAPTER 66:

Customer Reports
Customer reports provide insight into customer activity during a specified period of time or
date range.

Order Total Report

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Reports
Order Total
The Order Total Report shows customer orders for a
specified time interval or date range. The report includes
the number of orders per customer, average order
amount, and total amount.

Order Count
The Order Count Report shows the number of orders per
customer for a specified time interval or date range. The
report includes the number of orders per customer,
average order amount, and total amount.

New Accounts
The New Accounts Report shows the number of new
customer accounts opened during a specified time
interval or date range.

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Product Reports
The product reports give you insight regarding products viewed and ordered, bestsellers, stock
levels, and downloads.

Product Views Report

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Reports
Product Views
The Product Views Report shows the products that have
been viewed during a time interval or range of dates. The
report includes the product name, price, and number of
views.

Bestsellers
The Bestsellers Report shows the five top-selling five
during an interval of time or date range. The report
includes the product name, price, and quantity ordered.

Low Stock
The Low Stock Report lists all products with stock levels
within a specified range.

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Ordered Products
The Ordered Products Report lists all products ordered
for a specified time interval or date range. The report
includes the product name and quantity ordered.

Downloads
The Downloads Report lists all downloads during the
specified time interval or date range. The report includes
the product name, download link, and SKU, with the
number of purchases and downloads.

CHAPTER 68:

New Relic Reporting

New Relic is a SaaS based subscription service that provides detailed real-time visibility into
business and performance metrics for data-driven decision making.

Step 1: Sign Up for a New Relic Account

1. Visit the New Relic website, and sign up for an account. You can also sign up for a free trial
account.

2. Follow the instructions on the site. When prompted choose the product that you want to
install first.

3. While you are in your account, locate the following credentials that you will need to complete
the configuration:

Account ID From your New Relic account dashboard, the Account ID is the number in
the URL after: /accounts

Application ID From your New Relic account dashboard, tap New Relic APM. In the menu,
choose Applications. Then, choose your application. The Application ID is
the number in the URL after: /applications/

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New Relic APIKey From your New Relic account dashboard, tap Account Settings. In the menu
on the left under Integrations, choose Data Sharing. Your API key can be
created, regenerated, or deleted from this page.

Insights APIKey From your New Relic account dashboard, tap Insights. In the menu on the
left under Administration, choose API Keys. Your Insights API Key(s) appear
on this page. If necessary, click the plus sign (+) next to Insert Keys to
generate a key.

Step 2: Install the New Relic Agent on Your Server

To use New Relic APMPro to gather and transmit data, the PHP agent must be installed on
your server.

1. When prompted to choose a web agent, tap PHP.

2. Follow the instructions to set up the PHP agent on your server. If you need help, see: New Relic
for PHP.

3. Make sure that cron is running on your server. To learn more, see: Configure and run cron.

Step 3: Configure Your Store

1. On the Admin menu, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose New Relic Reporting. Then, do the following:

New Relic Reporting

a. Set Enable New Relic Integration to Yes.

b. In the Insights API URL, replace the percent (% symbol with your New Relic Account ID.

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c. Enter your New Relic Account ID.

d. Enter your New Relic Application ID.

e. Enter your New Relic API Key.

f. Enter you Insights APIKey.

3. In the New Relic Application Name field, enter a name to identify the configuration for
internal reference.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

Step 4: Enable Cron for New Relic Reporting

1. Expand the Cron section.

Cron

2. Set Enable Cron toYes.

3. When complete, tap Save Config.

New Relic Queries

New Relic Insights data is based on statements that are written in New Relic Query Language
(NRQL), as well as any custom parameters that you might include. Data can be returned from
adhoc queries, or by queries saved to your dashboard. To learn more, see the NRQL Reference in
the New Relic documentation.

Admin Events
Active Admin Users
Widget Name: Active Admin Users

Description: Returns the number of active admin users.

SELECT uniqueCount(AdminId)

FROM Transaction

WHERE appName='<your_app_name>' SINCE 15 minutes ago

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Currently Active Admins

Widget Name: Currently Active Admins

Description: Returns the names of active admin users.

SELECT uniques(AdminName)

FROM Transaction

WHERE appName='<your_app_name>' SINCE 15 minutes ago

Recent Admin Activity

Widget Name: Recent Admin Activity

Description: Returns the number of recent admin actions.

SELECT count(AdminId)

FROM Transaction

WHERE appName ='<your_app_name>' FACET AdminName SINCE 1 day ago

Latest Admin Activity

Widget Name: Latest Admin Activity

Description: Returns detail information about recent admin actions, including the admin
username, duration, and application name.

SELECT AdminName, duration, name

FROM Transaction

WHERE appName='<your_app_name>' AND AdminName IS NOT NULL

AND AdminName != 'N/A' LIMIT 50

Cron Events

Category Count
Widget Name: Category Count

Description: Returns the number of application events by category during the specified
time period.

SELECT average(CatalogCategoryCount)

FROM Cron

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WHERE CatalogCategoryCount IS NOT NULL

AND appName = '<your_app_name>' TIMESERIES 2 minutes

Current Catalog Count

Widget Name: Current Catalog Count

Description: Returns the average number of application events in the catalog by category
during the specified time period.

SELECT average(CatalogCategoryCount)

FROM Cron

WHERE CatalogCategoryCount IS NOT NULL

AND CatalogCategoryCount > 0

AND appName = '<your_app_name>' SINCE 2 minutes ago LIMIT 1

Active Products
Widget Name: Active Products

Description: Returns the number of application events by product during the specified
time period.

SELECT average(CatalogProductActiveCount)

FROM Cron

WHERE CatalogProductActiveCount IS NOT NULL

AND appName = '<your_app_name>' TIMESERIES 2 minutes

Active Product Count

Widget Name: Active Product Count

Description: Returns the average number of active application events by product during
the specified time period.

SELECT average(CatalogProductActiveCount)

FROM Cron

WHERE CatalogProductActiveCount IS NOT NULL

AND CatalogProductActiveCount > 0

AND appName = '<your_app_name>' SINCE 2 minutes ago LIMIT 1

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Configurable Products
Widget Name: Configurable Products

Description: Returns the average number of application events forconfigurable products

during the specified time period.

SELECT average(CatalogProductConfigurableCount)

FROM Cron

WHERE CatalogProductConfigurableCount IS NOT NULL

AND appName = '<your_app_name>' TIMESERIES 2 minutes

Configurable Product Count

Widget Name: Configurable Product Count

Description: Returns the average number of application events by configurable product

during the specified time period.

SELECT average(CatalogProductConfigurableCount)

FROM Cron

WHERE CatalogProductConfigurableCount IS NOT NULL

AND CatalogProductConfigurableCount > 0

AND appName = '<your_app_name>' SINCE 2 minutes ago LIMIT 1

Product Count (all)

Widget Name: Product Count (all)

Description: Returns the total number of application events for all products.

SELECT average(CatalogProductCount)

FROM Cron

WHERE CatalogProductCount IS NOT NULL

AND appName = '<your_app_name>' TIMESERIES 2 minutes

Current Product Count (all)

Widget Name: Current Product Count (all)

Description: Returns the average number of application events for all products during the
specified time period.

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SELECT average(CatalogProductCount)

FROM Cron

WHERE CatalogProductCount IS NOT NULL

AND CatalogProductCount > 0

AND appName = '<your_app_name>>' SINCE 2 minutes ago LIMIT 1

Customer Count
Widget Name: Customer Count

Description: Returns the average number of application events by customer.

SELECT average(CustomerCount)

FROM Cron

WHERE CustomerCount IS NOT NULL

AND CustomerCount > 0

AND appName = '<your_app_name>' TIMESERIES 2 minutes

Currrent Customer Count

Widget Name: Current Customer Count

Description: Returns the average number of customers during the specified time
period.

SELECT average(CustomerCount)

FROM Cron

WHERE CustomerCount IS NOT NULL

AND CustomerCount > 0

AND appName = '<your_app_name>' SINCE 2 minutes ago LIMIT 1

Module Status
Widget Name: Module Status

Description: Returns the average number of times application modules are enabled,
disabled, or installed during the specified time period.

SELECT average(ModulesDisabled), average(ModulesEnabled), average

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(ModulesInstalled)

FROM Cron

WHERE appName = '<your_app_name>' TIMESERIES 2 minutes

Current Module Status

Widget Name: Current Module Status

Description: Returns the average number of times modules were enabled, disabled, or
installed during the specified time period.

SELECT average(ModulesDisabled), average(ModulesEnabled), average

(ModulesInstalled)

FROM Cron

WHERE appName = '<your_app_name>' SINCE 2 minutes ago LIMIT 1

Website and Store Counts

Widget Name: Website and Store Counts

Description: Returns the average number of application events by website and store
during the specified time period.

SELECT average(StoreViewCount), average(WebsiteCount)

FROM Cron

WHERE appName = '<your_app_name>' TIMESERIES 2 minutes

Current Website and Store Counts

Widget Name: Current Website and Store Counts

Description: Returns the average number of current application events during the
specified tim e period.

SELECT average(StoreViewCount), average(WebsiteCount)

FROM Cron

WHERE appName = '<your_app_name>' SINCE 2 minutes ago LIMIT 1

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Cron - All Data from Event

Widget Name: Cron - All Data from Event

Description: Returns all application event data.

SELECT *

FROM Cron

WHERE appName = '<your_app_name>'

Customers

Active Customer Count

Widget Name: Active Customer Count

Description: Returns the number of active customers during the specified time period.

SELECT uniqueCount(CustomerId)

FROM Transaction

WHERE appName = '<your_app_name>' SINCE 15 minutes ago

Active Customers
Widget Name: Active Customers

Description: Returns the names of active customers during the specified time period.

SELECT uniques(CustomerName)

FROM Transaction

WHERE appName='<your_app_name>' SINCE 15 minutes ago

Top Customers
Widget Name: Top Customers

Description: Returns the top customers during the specified time period.

SELECT count(CustomerId)

FROM Transaction

WHERE appName = '<your_app_name>' FACET CustomerName SINCE 1 day ago

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Recent Admin Activity

Widget Name: Recent Admin Activity

Description: Returns a defined number of records of recent activity, that include the
customername and duration of visit.

SELECT CustomerName, duration, name

FROM Transaction

WHERE appName='<your_app_name>'

AND CustomerName IS NOT NULL

AND CustomerName != 'N/A' LIMIT 50

Orders

Number of Orders Placed

Widget Name: Number of Orders Placed

Description: Returns the number of orders placed during the specified time period.

SELECT count(`Order`)

FROM Transaction SINCE 1 day ago

Total Order Value

Widget Name: Total Order Value

Description: Returns the total number of line items ordered during the specified time
period.

SELECT sum(LineItemCount)

FROM Transaction SINCE 1 day ago

Total Line Items Ordered

Widget Name: Total Line Items Ordered

Description: Returns the total number of line items ordered during the specified time
period.

SELECT sum(LineItemCount)

FROM Transaction SINCE 1 day ago

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893
 Stores EU Tax Guidelines
Warning Messages
In this section of the guide, youll learn how to
set up a store hierarchy, create attributes, and Currency
manage the settings used by each store to
Currency Configuration
calculate taxes, and currency rates,
Currency Symbols
Stores Menu Updating Currency Rates

All Stores Attributes

Adding Store Views Product Attributes

Editing a Store View Creating an Attribute
Adding a Language Attribute Sets
Translating Products
Translating Content
Adding Stores
Adding Websites
Store URLs
Using a Custom Admin URL

Configuration

Taxes

Tax Rules
Tax Classes
Configuring Tax Classes
Default Tax Destination
EU Place of Supply for Digital Goods
Fixed Product Tax
Configuring FPT
Price Display Settings
Tax Zones and Rates
Import/Export Tax Rates
Value Added Tax (VAT)
Configuring VAT
VATIDValidation
Configuring VAT ID Validation
Tax Quick Reference
International Tax Guidelines
U.S. Tax Guidelines
Canadian Tax Guidelines

894
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Stores Menu
The Stores menu manages settings that are used less frequently, but referenced throughout your
Magento installation, including setting up the store hierarchy, configuration, sales and order
settings, tax and currency, product attributes, product review ratings, and customer groups.

Stores Menu

To display the Stores menu:

On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores .

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Menu Options
All Stores
Manage the hierarchy of websites, stores and store
views in your Magento installation, and all configuration
settings. In addition, you can set up the Terms and
Conditions of a sale, and manage order status settings.

Taxes
Set up the tax rules for your store, define customer and
product tax classes, and manage tax zones and rates.
You can also import tax rate data into your store.

Currency
Manage the rates for the currencies that are accepted as
payment in your store, and customize the currency
symbols that appear in product prices and sales
documents.

Attributes
Manage attributes that are used for product information
and product ratings. You can create new attributes, edit
existing attributes, and manage attribute sets.

Other Settings
Manage the tax class that is assigned to each customer
group.

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All Stores
When Magento Community Edition 2.1 is installed, a hierarchy that includes a main website,
store, and store view is created. You can create additional websites, stores, and store views, as
needed. For example, in addition to your main website, you might have a additional websites
with a different domain. Within each website, you can have multiple stores, and within each
store, separate store views. Many installations have one website and one store, but with
multiple store views to support different languages.

Before you begin, plan your store hierarchy in advance because it is referred to throughout the
configuration. Each store can have a separate root category, which makes it possible to have an
entirely different set of main menu options for each store.

Store Hierarchy

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Adding Store Views

Store views are typically used to make the store available in different locales. Shoppers can use
the language chooser in the header of the store to change the store view.

Multiple Store Views

To create a new store view:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose All Stores.

All Stores

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2. Tap Create Store View. Then, do the following:

Store View Information

a. Set Store to the parent store of this view.

b. Enter a Name for this store view. The name appears in the language chooser in the store
header. For example: Spanish.

c. Enter a Code in lowercase characters to identify the view. For example: spanish.

d. To activate the view, set Status to Enabled.

e. (Optional) Enter a Sort Order number to determine the sequence in which this view is
listed with other views.

3. When complete, tap Save Store View.

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Editing a Store View

Because the view name appears in the language chooser, you might eventually want to change
the name of the default view to something more descriptive. The Name field is simply a label,
and can be easily changed.

If your Magento installation has a multisite or multistore setup, do not change the store Code
field without verifying that the value is not referenced in the index.php file. If you do not have
access to the server to examine the file, ask a developer for help.

FIELD ORIGINAL VALUE UPDATED VALUE

Name Default Store View English

Code default english

To edit a store view:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose All Stores.

2. In the Store View column of the grid, click the name of the view that you want to edit.

When editing the default view, the Store and Status fields are not available.

Editing the Default View

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3. Update the following fields as applicable:

l Store (non-default views only)

l Name
l Code (only if not used in index.php)
l Status (non-default views only)
l Sort Order

4. When complete, tap Save Store View.

Stores

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Adding a Language
Most of the text that appears to be hard-coded on pages throughout your store can be instantly
changed to a different language by changing the locale of the view. Changing the locale doesnt
actually translate the text word-for-word, but simply references a different translation table
that provides the interface text that is used throughout the store. The text that can be changed
includes navigational titles, labels, buttons, and links such as My Cart and My Account.
You can also use the Inline Translation tool to touch up text in the interface.

Language packs can be found under "Translations & Localization" on Magento Marketplace.
New extensions are continually added to Marketplace, so check back often!

Step 1: Install a Language Pack

Follow the standard instructions to install the language pack extension from Component
Manager.

Step 2: Create a Store View for the Language

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose All Stores.

2. Tap Create Store View. Then, do the following:

a. Choose the Store that is the parent of the view.

b. Enter a Name for the store view. For example: Portuguese.

In the header of the store, the name appears in the language chooser.

c. Enter a Code in lowercase characters to identify the view. For example: portuguese.

d. To activate the view, set Status to Enabled.

e. (Optional) Enter a Sort Order number to determine the sequence in which this view is
listed with other views.

3. When complete, tap Save Store View.

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Step 3: Change the Locale of the Store View

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the upper-left corner, set Store View to the specific view where the configuration is to apply.
When prompted to confirm scope switching, tap OK.

3. Expand the Locale Options section.

4. Clear the Use Website checkbox after the Locale field. Then, set Locale to the language that
you want to assign to the view.

If there are several variations of the language available, make sure to choose the one for the
specific region or dialect.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

After you change the language of the locale, the remaining content that you have created,
including product names and descriptions, categories, CMS pages, and blocks must be
translated separately for each store view.

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Translating Products
If your store has multiple views in different languages, the same products are available in each
store view. You can use the same basic product information, such as SKU, price, and inventory
level, regardless of language. Then, translate only the product name, description fields, and
meta data as needed for each language.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Translate Product Fields
Step 2: Translate Field Labels
Step 3: Translate All Categories

Step 1: Translate Product Fields

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

2. In the grid, find the product to be translated, and open in edit mode.

3. In the upper-left corner set Store View to the view for the translation. When prompted to
confirm, tap OK.

4. For each field to be edited, do the following:

a. Clear the Use Default Value checkbox to the right of the field.

b. Either paste or type the translated text into the field.

Make sure to translate all text fields, including image labels and Alt text, Search Engine
Optimization fields and any Custom Options information.

5. When complete, tap Save.

Step 2: Translate Field Labels

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Attributes, choose Product.

2. In the list, find the attribute to be translated, and open in edit mode.

3. In the panel on the left, choose Manage Labels.

4. In the Manage Titles section, enter a translated label for each store view.

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Enter Translated Labels

5. When complete, tap Save Attribute.

Step 3: Translate All Categories

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Categories.

2. In the upper-left corner set Store View to the view for the translation. When prompted to
confirm, tap OK.

3. In the tree, find the category to be translated and open in edit mode.

4. On the General Information tab, translate the following fields:

l Name
l Description
l Page Title
l Meta Keywords
l Meta Description

5. To translate the URL Key, do the following:

a. Clear the Use Default Value checkbox to the right of the field.

b. Enter the translated text.

c. Make sure that the Create Permanent Redirect for old URL checkbox is selected

Translate URL Key

6. When complete, tap Save Category.

7. Repeat the process for all categories used in the store.

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Translating Content
If your store has multiple views in different languages, and you have set the locale for each
view to a different language, the result is a partially translated site. The next step is to create a
translated version of each page that is available from the specific store view. The Store View
column of the Manage Pages list shows each view that has a translated version of the page.

To translate a content page, you must create a new page that has the same URLKey as the
original, but is assigned to the specific store view. Then, update the page for the specific view
with the translated text. The following example shows how to create a translated version of the
About Us page for the Spanish store view.

To create a translated page for a view:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Content. Then under Elements, choose Pages.

2. In the grid, find the page to be translated, and open in edit mode.

3. Copy the URL Key to the clipboard. Then, press the Back button to return to the Pages grid.

4. Tap Add New Page. Then, do the following:

a. Enter the translated Page Title.

b. Paste the URL Key that you copied from the original page.

c. In the Store View box, choose the store view where the page is to be available.

d. In the panel on the left, choose Content. Then, complete the translated text for the page.

e. On the Design tab, set the column Layout of the page.

f. On the Meta Data tab, enter the translated text for the Keywords and Description.

5. When complete, tap Save Page. Then when prompted, refresh any invalid caches.

6. To verify the translation, go to the storefront and use the language chooser to change the store
view.

Notice that there are still some elements on the page that need to be translated, including the
company footer links block, the welcome message, and product information.

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Adding Stores
A single installation of Magento can have multiple stores that share the same Admin. Stores
that are under the same website have the same IPaddress and domain, use the same security
certificate, and share a single checkout process.

The important thing to understand is that the stores use the same Magento code, and share the
same Admin. Each store can have a separate catalog, or share the same catalog. Each store can
have a separate root category, which makes it possible to have a different main menu for each
store. Stores can have different branding, presentation, and content. Before you begin, take
some time to plan your store hierarchy with future growth in mind, because it is used
throughout the configuration.

Multiple Stores
Here are some examples of how URLs can be configured for multiple stores:

yourdomain.com/store1 Each store has a different path, but shares the same domain.
yourdomain.com/store2

store1.yourdomain.com Each store has a different subdomain of the primary domain.

store2.yourdomain.com

Process Overview:
Step 1: Choose the Store Domain
Step 2: Create the New Store
Step 3: Create a Default Store View
Step 4: Configure the Store URL

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Step 1: Choose the Store Domain

The first step is to choose how you want to position the store. Will the stores share the same
domain, each have a subdomain, or have distinctly different domains? For each store, do one
of the following:

l To place the store one level below the primary domain, you dont have to do anything.
l Set up a subdomain of your primary domain.
l Set up a different primary domain.

Step 2: Create the New Store

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose All Stores.

2. Tap Create Store. Then, do the following:

a. Choose the Web Site that is to be the parent of the new store. If the installation has only
one web site, accept the default, Main Website.

b. Enter a Name for the new store. The name is for internal reference only.

c. Set Root Category to the root category that defines the category structure for the main
menu of the new store. If you have already created a specific root category for the store,
select it. Otherwise, select Default Category. You can come back later and update the
setting.

Store Information

3. When complete, tap Save Store.

New Store

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Step 3: Create a Default Store View

1. Tap Create Store View. Then, do the following:

a. Set Store to the new store you created.

b. Enter a Name for the view. For example, "English."

c. Enter a Code for the view in lowercase characters.

d. Set Status to "Enabled."

e. In the Sort Order field, enter a number to determine the store's position when listed with
other stores.

2. Tap Save Store View.

If you were to open your store in edit mode, you would see that it now has a default view.

New Store with Default View

Step 4: Configure the Store URL

1. On the menu bar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose Web.

3. In the upper-left corner, set Store View to the view that you created for the new store. When
prompted to confirm scope switching, tap OK.

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Choose the New Store View

4. Expand the Base URLs section. Then, do the following:

a. After the Base URL field, clear the Use Website checkbox.

b. Enter the Base URL for the store.

Base URLs

5. Expand the Secure Base URLs section, and repeat the previous step as needed to
configure the stores secure URL.

6. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Adding Websites
Multiple websites can be set up that use the same Magento installation. The websites can be set
up to use the same domain, or different domains. If you want each store to have a dedicated
checkout process under its own domain, each store must have a distinct IPaddress and
separate security certificate.

Multiple Websites

Step 1: Create a New Website

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose All Stores.

2. Tap Create Website. Then, do the following:

Website Information

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a. In the Name field, enter the domain of the new website. For example, domain.com.

b. Enter a Code that will be used on the server to point to the domain.

The code must begin with a lowercase (a-z) letter, and can include any combination of
letters (a-z), numbers (0-9), and the underscore (_) symbol.

c. (Optional) Enter a Sort Order number to determine the sequence in which this site is
listed with other sites. Enter a zero to make this site appear at the top of the list.

d. To make this the default website for your Magento installation, mark the Set as Default
checkbox.

3. When complete, tap Save Website.

4. Set up each store and store view that is needed for the new website.

Step 2: Configure the Store URL

Follow the instructions to configure the store URLs.

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Store URLs
Each website in a Magento installation has a base URL that is assigned to the storefront, and
another URL that is assigned to the Admin. Magento uses variables to define internal links in
relation to the base URL, which makes it possible to move an entire store from one location to
another without updating the links. Standard base URLs begin with http, and secure base
URLs begin with https.

Base URL http://www.yourdomain.com/magento/

Secure Base URL https://www.yourdomain.com/magento/

URL with IPaddress http://###.###.###.###/magento/

https://###.###.###.###/magento/

Important! Do not change the Admin URL from the default Base URL configuration. To change the
Admin URL or path, see: Using a Custom Admin URL.

Use Secure Protocol

The base URLs for your store were initially set up during the Web Configuration step of the
Magento installation. If a security certificate was available at the time, you could specify for
secure (https) URLs to be used for the store, Admin, or both. If your Magento installation
includes multiple stores, or if you plan to later add more stores, you can include the store code
in the URL. All Magento resources and operations can be used with secure protocol.

If a security certificate wasn't available for the domain at the time of the installation, make sure
to update the configuration before launching your store. After a security certificate is
established for your domain, you can configure either or both base URLs to operate with
encrypted Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol.

Magento strongly recommends for all pages of a production site, including content and product
pages, to be transmitted with secure protocol.

Magento can be configured to deliver all pages over https by default. If your store has been
running up until now with standard protocol, you can improve security by enabling
HTTPStrict Transport Security (HSTS). and by upgrading any insecure page requests that are
received by the store. HSTS is an opt-in protocol that prevents browsers from rendering
standard http pages that are transmitted with unsecure protocol for the specificed domain.
Because search engines might have already indexed each page of your store with standard http
URLs, you can configure Magento to automatically upgrade any unsecure page requests to
https, so you don't lose any traffic. When Magento is configured to use secure URLs for both
the store and Admin, two additional fields appear that allow you to enable HSTS.

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To configure the base URL:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under General, choose Web.

3. Expand the Base URL section, and do the following:

a. Enter the fully qualified Base URL for your store. Make sure to end the URLwith a
forward slash, so it can be extended with additional URLKeys from your store. For
example:

http://yourdomain.com/

Do not change the placeholder in the Base Link URL field. It is a placeholder that is used to
create relative links to the base URL.

b. (Optional) To specify an alternate location for the Base URL for Static View Files, enter
the path starting with the following placeholder:

{{unsecure_base_url}}

c. (Optional) To specify an alternate location for the Base URL for User Media Files, enter
the path starting with the following placeholder:

{{unsecure_base_url}}

For a typical installation, there is no need to update the paths for the static view files or
media files because they are relative to the base URL.

Base URLs

Placeholders enclosed in double braces are markup tags for variables.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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To configure the secure base URL:

If your domain has a valid security certificate, you can configure the URLs of both the
storefront and Admin to transmit data over a secure (https) channel. Without a valid security
certificate, your store cannot operate with secure (SSL/TLS) protocol.

1. Expand the Base URLs (Secure) section. Then, do the following:

Base URLs (Secure)

a. Enter the full Secure Base URL, followed by a forward slash. For example:

https://yourdomain.com/

b. Do not change the placeholder in the Secure Base Link URL field. It is used to create
relative links to the secure base URL.

c. (Optional) To specify an alternate location for the Secure Base URL for Static View Files,
enter the path starting with the following placeholder:

{{secure_base_url}}

d. (Optional) To specify an alternate location for the Secure Base URLfor User Media Files,
enter the path starting with the following placeholder:

{{secure_base_url}}

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2. To enhance security, set both of the following options to "Yes."

l Use Secure URLs on Storefront

l Use Secure URLs in Admin

When the following additional fields appear , do the following:

Enhanced Security Settings

a. If you want your store to display only secure https page requests, set Enable HTTPStrict
Transport Security (HSTS) to "Yes."

b. To upgrade any requests for standard unsecured http pages to secure https, set Upgrade
Insecure Requests to "Yes."

3. When complete, tap Save Config.

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To include the store code in URLs:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under General, choose Web.

3. Expand the URL Options section.

4. Set Add Store Code to your preference.

URL with Store Code

http://www.yourdomain.com/magento/[store-code]/index.php/url-identifier

URL without Store Code

http://www.yourdomain.com/magento/index.php/url-identifier

URLOptions

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5. When complete, tap Save Config.

6. After the setting is saved, you will be prompted to refresh the cache. Tap the Cache
Management link in the message at the top of the workspace. Then, follow the instructions to
refresh the cache.

Refresh Cache

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Using a Custom Admin URL

As a security best practice, Magento recommends that you use a unique, custom Admin URL
instead of the default admin or a common term such as backend. Although it will not
directly protect your site from a determined bad actor, it can reduce exposure to scripts that try
to gain unauthorized access.

Check with your hosting provider before implementing a custom Admin URL. Some hosting providers
require a standard URL to meet firewall protection rules.

In a typical Magento installation, the Admin URLand path is immediately below the Magento
base URL. The path to the store Admin is one directory below the root.

Default Base URL

http://yourdomain.com/magento/

Default Admin URL and Path

http://yourdomain.com/magento/admin

Although it is possible to change the Admin URL and path to another location, any mistake
removes access to the Admin, and must be corrected from the server.

As a precaution, do not try to change the Admin URL by yourself unless you know how to edit
configuration files on the server.

Method 1: Change from the Magento Admin

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Advanced, choose Admin.

3. Expand the Admin Base URL section. Then, do the following:

a. Clear the first Use system value checkbox. Then, set Use Custom Admin URL to Yes.

b. Clear the next Use system valuel checkbox. Then, enter the Custom Admin URL in the
following format:

http://yourdomain.com/magento/

Important! The Admin URL must be in the same Magento installation, and have the same
document root as the storefront.

c. Clear the next Use system valuel checkbox. Then, set Custom Admin Path to Yes.

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d. Clear the next Use system valuel checkbox. Then, enter the Custom Admin Path.

The path that you enter is appended to the Custom Admin URL after the last forward
slash.

sample_custom_admin

Admin Base URL

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

5. After the changes are saved, Sign Out of the Admin. Then, log back in using the new Admin
URL and path.

Method 2: Change from the Server Command Line

1. Open the app/etc/env.php file in a text editor, and change the name of the [admin] path.
Make sure to use only lowercase characters. Then, save the file.

On the server, the admin path is located in the app/etc/env.php file. Look for the <adminhtml>
argument in the <admin> section:
Default Admin Path

# <frontName><![CDATA[admin]]></frontName>

New Admin Path

# <frontName><![CDATA[backend]]></frontName>

2. Use one of the following methods to clear the Magento cache:

l On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Under Tools, choose Cache Management. Then, tap
Flush Magento Cache.
l On the server, navigate to the var/cache folder, and delete the contents of the cache folder.

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Configuration
The online Configuration Reference has field descriptions for every configuration setting in
Magento Community Edition 2.1. To learn how to apply configuration settings to specific store
views, see: Scope.

Configuration

Configuration Tabs
General
Includes basic configuration settings for the store, URLs,
theme, currency, email addresses, store contacts, editor,
and dashboard reports.

Catalog
Determines product and inventory settings, controls
sitemap and RSS feed generation, and specifies the
email template that is used to share products with
friends.

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Customers
Establishes basic customer account and login options,
newsletter settings, ,wish list, and the format of auto-
generated coupon codes.

Sales
Determines checkout and tax settings, payment and
shipping options, sales email and PDF print-outs, and
Google API settings.

Services
Configures Magento APIsettings, including SOAP and
OAuth.

Advanced
Determines default Admin settings, various system
configuration settings, advanced module controls, and
developer tools.

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Taxes
In this section of the guide, you will learn how to set up taxes according to the requirements of
your locale. You can set up tax classes for products and customer groups, and create tax rules
that combine product and customer classes, tax zones, and rates. In addition, you'll learn more
advanced topics such as setting up fixed product taxes, compound taxes, and displaying
consistent prices across international borders. If you are required to collect a value-added tax,
you will learn how to set up your store to automatically calculate the appropriate amount with
validation.

Magento provides a variety of options to define taxes. Tax classes are used to define tax rules.
Tax rules are a combination of a Product Class, a Customer Class and a Tax Zone and Rate.
Magento also supports the calculation of Value-Added Tax (VAT) for business-to-business
transactions in the European Union.

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Tax Rules
Tax rules incorporate a combination of product class, customer class and tax rate. Each
customer is assigned to a customer class, and each product is assigned a product class.
Magento analyzes the shopping cart of each customer and calculates the appropriate tax
according to the customer and product classes, and the region (based on the customers
shipping address, billing address or shipping origin).

When numerous taxes must be defined, you can simplify the process by importing them.

Tax Rules

Step 1: Complete the Tax Rule Information

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Taxes, choose Tax Rules.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap Add New Tax Rule.

3. Under Tax Rule Information, enter a Name for the new rule.

4. Choose the Tax Rate that applies to the rule. If you need to edit an existing tax rate, do the
following:

a. Hover over the tax rate, and tap the Edit icon.

b. Update the form as needed, and tap Save.

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Tax Rule Information

To enter tax rates, use either of the following methods:

Method 1: Enter Tax Rates Manually

1. Tap Add New Tax Rate.

2. Complete the form as needed. For more information, see: Tax Zones and Rates.

3. When complete, tap Save.

New Tax Rate

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Method 2: Import Tax Rates

1. Scroll down to the section at the bottom of the page.

2. To import tax rates, do the following:

a. Tap Choose File, and navigate to the CSV file with the tax rates to be imported.

b. Tap Import Tax Rates.

3. To export tax rates, tap Export Tax Rates.

To learn more, see: Import/Export Tax Rates.

Import / Export Tax Rates

Step 2: Complete the Additional Settings

4. Tap Additional Settings to open the section. Then, do the following:

a. Choose the Customer Tax Class to which the rule applies.

l To edit a customer tax class, tap the edit icon. Then, update the form as needed, and
tap Save.
l To create a new tax class, tap Add New Tax Class. Then, complete the form as needed,
and tap Save.

b. Choose the Product Tax Class to which the rule applies.

l To edit a product tax class, tap the edit icon. Then, update the form as needed, and
tap Save.
l To create a new tax class, tap Add New Tax Class. Then, complete the form as needed,
and tap Save.

c. In the Priority field, enter a number to indicate the priority of this tax, when more than
one tax applies. If two tax rules with the same priority apply, then the taxes are added
together. If two taxes with different priority settings apply, then the taxes are
compounded.

d. If you want taxes to be based on the order subtotal, mark the Calculate off Subtotal Only
checkbox.

e. In the Sort Order field, enter a number to indicate the order of this tax rule when listed
with others.

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Additional Settings

5. When complete, tap Save Rule.

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Tax Classes
Tax classes can be assigned to customers, products, and shipping. Magento analyzes the
shopping cart of each customer and calculates the appropriate tax according to the class of the
customer, the class of the products in the cart, and the region (as determined by the customers
shipping address, billing address or shipping origin). New tax classes can be created when a
tax rule is defined.

Customer
You can create as many customer tax classes as you
need, and assign them to customer groups. For example,
in some jurisdictions, wholesale transactions are not
taxed, but retail transactions are. You can associate
members of the Wholesale Customer group with the
Wholesale tax class.

Product
Product classes are used in calculations to determine the
correct tax rate is applied in the shopping cart. When you
create product, it is assigned to a specific tax class. For
example, food might not be taxed, or be taxed at a
different rate.

Shipping
If your store charges an additional tax on shipping, you
should designate a specific product tax class for
shipping. Then in the configuration, specify it as the tax
class that is used for shipping.

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Configuring Tax Classes

The tax class that is used for shipping, and the default tax classes for products and customers
are set in the Sales configuration.

Tax Classes

To configure tax classes:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Tax.

3. Expand the Tax Classes section. Then, choose the tax class for each of the following:

l Set Tax Class for Shipping

l Default Tax Class for Product
l Default Tax Class for Customer

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Default Tax Destination

The default tax destination settings determine the country, state, and ZIPor postal code that
are used as the basis of tax calculations.

Default Tax Destination Calculation

To configure the default tax destination for calculations:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configure.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Tax.

3. Expand the Default Tax Destination Calculation section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Default Country to the country upon which tax calculations are based.

b. Set Default State to the state or province that is used as the basis of tax calculations.

c. Set Default Post Code to the ZIPor postal code that is used as the basis of local tax
calculations.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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EU Place of Supply for Digital Goods

European Union (EU) merchants must report their digital goods sold by quarter to each
member country. Digital goods are taxed based on the customer's billing address. The law
requires merchants to run a tax report and identify the relevant tax amounts for digital goods,
as opposed to physical goods.

Merchants must report all digital goods sold by EU member countries on a quarterly basis to a
central tax administration, along with payment due for tax collected during the period.

Merchants who have not yet reached the threshold (50k/100k Euro of annual business) must
continue to report physical goods sold to the EU states where they have registered VAT
numbers.

Merchants who are audited for taxes paid for digital goods, must provide two pieces of
supporting information to establish the customer place of residence.

l The customers billing address and a record of a successful payment transaction can be used
to establish the customer place of residence. (Payment is accepted only if the billing address
matches payment provider information.)
l The information can also be captured directly from the data store in the Magento database
tables.

To collect digital goods tax information:

1. Load the tax rates for all EU member countries.

2. Create a digital goods product tax class.

3. Assign all your digital goods to the digital goods product tax class.

4. Create tax rules for your physical goods, using physical product tax classes, and associate them
with the appropriate tax rates.

5. Create tax rules for your digital goods, using use the product tax class for digital goods, and
associate them with the appropriate tax rates for EU member countries.

6. Run the tax report for the appropriate period, and collect the required digital goods
information.

7. Export the tax amounts that are related to the tax rates for the digital goods product tax class.

See also:
European Commission Taxation and Customs Union

EU 1015 Place of Supply Changes

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Fixed Product Tax

Some tax jurisdictions have a fixed tax that must be added to certain types of products. You
can set up a fixed product tax (FPT) as needed for your store's tax calculations. For example, in
some countries FPT can be used to set up a Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
Directive (WEEE) tax, also known as "ecological tax" or "eco tax," that is collected on certain
types of electronics to offset the cost of recycling. This tax is a fixed amount, rather than a
percentage of the product price.

Fixed product taxes apply at the item level, based on the product. In some jurisdictions this
tax is subject to an additional % tax calculation. Your tax jurisdiction might also have rules
about how the product price appears to customers, either with or without tax. Be sure that you
understand the rules, and set your FPT display options accordingly.

We recommend that you exercise caution when quoting FPTprices in email, because the
difference in price can affect customer confidence in their orders. For example, if you display
Order Review prices without showing FPT, customers who buy items with associated FPT will
see a total that includes the FPT tax amount, but without an itemized breakdown. The
difference in price might lead some customers to abandon their carts because the total differs
from the amount expected.

FPT Display Prices

FPT DISPLAY SETTING AND CALCULATION
Not Taxed Excluding FPT FPT appears as a separate row in the cart, and the
value is used in appropriate tax calculations.

Including FPT FPT is added to the base price of an item; but is not
included in tax- rule-based calculations.

Excluding FPT, Prices appeare without FPT amount or description.

FPT Description, FPT is not included in tax-rule-based calculations.
Final Price

Taxed Excluding FPT FPT appears as a separate row in the cart, and the
value is used in appropriate tax calculations.

Including FPT FPT is included in the price of an item, and no change

to tax calculations is required.

Excluding FPT, Prices appear without the FPT amount or description.

FPT Description, However, FPT is included in tax-rule-based
Final Price calculations.

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Configuring FPT
The Fixed Product Tax input type creates a section of fields for managing tax for each region.

The following instructions show how to set up a fixed product tax for your store, using eco
tax as an example. After setting the scope for the tax and the countries and states where the
tax applies, and depending on the options you choose, the input fields can change according to
the local requirements. To learn more, see: Creating Attributes.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Enable Fixed Product Tax
Step 2: Create an FPT Attribute
Step 3: Add the FPT Attribute to an Attribute Set
Step 4: Apply FPT to Products

Step 1: Enable Fixed Product Tax

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Tax.

3. Expand the Fixed Product Taxes section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Enable FPT to Yes.

b. To determine how fixed product taxes are used in store prices, choose the FPTsetting for
each of the following price display locations. (The options are the same for each location.)

l Product View Page

l Sales Modules
l Emails

OPTIONS
Including FPTOnly
Including FPT and FPTdescription
Excluding FPT. Including FPT description and final price
Excluding FPT

c. Set Apply Tax to FPT as needed.

d. Set Include FPT in Subtotal as needed.

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Fixed Product Taxes

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

Step 2: Create an FPT Attribute

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Attributes choose Product.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap Add New Attribute. Then, do the following:

a. Enter a Default Label to identify the attribute.

b. Set Catalog Input for Store Owner to Fixed Product Tax.

Attribute Properties

3. Expand the Advanced Attribute Properties section. Then, do the following:

a. In the Attribute Code field, enter a unique identifier in lowercase, without spaces or
special characters. The maximum length is 30 characters. You can leave the field blank to
the text from the Default Label field.

b. If you want the FPT field to appear in the Inventory grid, set Add to Column Options to
Yes.

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c. If you want to be able to filter products in the grid based on the value of the FPT field, set
Use in Filter Options to Yes.

Advanced Attribute Properties

4. (Optional) In the panel on the left, choose Manage Labels. Then, enter a label to use instead of
the default label for each store view.

Manage Labels

5. When complete, tap Save Attribute. Then when prompted, refresh the cache.

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Step 3: Add the FPT Attribute to an Attribute Set

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Attributes, choose Attribute Set.

2. In the list, tap the attribute set to open the record in edit mode.

3. Drag the FPT attribute from the list of Unassigned Attributes on the right to the Groups list
in the center column.

Each group folder corresponds to a section of product information. You can place the attribute
wherever you want it to appear when the product is open in edit mode.

Edit Attribute Set

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4. When complete, tap Save.

5. Repeat this step for each attribute set that needs to include fixed product tax.

Step 4: Apply FPT to Specific Products

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Products. Then under Inventory, choose Catalog.

2. Open the product that needs a fixed product tax in edit mode.

3. Find the FPT section of fields that you added to the attribute set. Tap Add Tax, and do the
following:

Fixed Product Tax for Belgium

a. If your Magento installation has multiple websites, choose the appropriate Website and
base currency. In this example, the field is set by default to All Websites [USD],

a. Set Country/State to the region where the fixed product tax applies.

b. Enter the fixed product tax as a decimal amount in the Tax field.

c. To add more fixed product taxes, tap Add Tax, and repeat the process.

4. When complete, tap Save.

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Price Display Settings

The price display settings determine if product and shipping prices include or exclude tax, or
show two versions of the price; one with, and the other without tax.

If the product price includes tax, the tax appears only if there is a tax rule that matches the tax
origin, or if a customer address matches the tax rule. Events that can trigger a match include
when a customer creates an account, logs in, or generates a tax and shipping estimate from the
shopping cart.

Important! Showing prices that include and exclude tax can be confusing to the customer. To avoid
triggering a warning message, see the guidelines for your country, and recommended settings. to
avoid warning messages.

Price Display Settings

Step 1: Configure Price Display Settings

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Sales, choose Taxes.

3. Expand the Price Display Settings section. Then, do the following:

a. Set Display Product Prices in Catalog to one of the following:

l Excluding Tax
l Including Tax
l Including and Excluding Tax

b. Set Display Shipping Prices to one of the following:

l Excluding Tax
l Including Tax
l Including and Excluding Tax

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Step 2: Configure Shopping Cart Display Settings

1. Expand the Shopping Cart Display Settings section. Then, do the following:

Shopping Cart Display Settings

a. Set Display Prices to one of the following:

l Excluding Tax
l Including Tax
l Including and Excluding Tax

b. Set Display Subtotal to one of the following:

l Excluding Tax
l Including Tax
l Including and Excluding Tax

c. Set Display Shipping Amount to one of the following:

l Excluding Tax
l Including Tax
l Including and Excluding Tax

d. Set the following to Yes or No according to your preference:

l Include Tax in Order Total

l Display Full Tax Summary
l Display Zero Tax Subtotal

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Step 3: Configure Order, Invoice & Credit Memo Display Settings

1. Expand the Orders, Invoices, Credit Memos Display Settings section. Then, do the
following:

Orders, Invoices, Credit Memos Display Settings

a. Set Display Prices to one of the following:

l Excluding Tax
l Including Tax
l Including and Excluding Tax

b. Set Display Subtotal to one of the following:

l Excluding Tax
l Including Tax
l Including and Excluding Tax

c. Set Display Shipping Amount to one of the following:

l Excluding Tax
l Including Tax
l Including and Excluding Tax

d. Set the following to Yes or No according to your preference:

l Include Tax in Order Total

l Display Full Tax Summary
l Display Zero Tax Subtotal

2. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Tax Zones and Rates

Tax rates generally apply to transactions that take place within a specific geographical area.
The Tax Zones and Rates tool enables you to specify the tax rate for each geographical area
from which you collect and remit taxes. Because each tax zone and rate has a unique identifier,
you can have multiple tax rates for a given geographic area (such as places that do not tax food
or medicine, but do tax other items).

Store tax is calculated based on the stores address. The actual customer tax for an order is
calculated after the customer completes the order information. Magento then calculates the tax
based upon the tax configuration of the store.

Tax Zones and Rates

To define a new tax rate:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Under Taxes, choose Tax Zones and Rates.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap Add New Tax Rate.

3. Enter a Tax Identifier.

4. To apply the tax rate to a single ZIP or postal code, enter the code in the Zip/Post Code field.

5. The asterisk wildcard (*) can be used to match up to ten characters in the code. For example,
90* represents all ZIP codes from 90000 through 90999.

6. To apply the tax rate to a range of ZIP or postal codes, do the following::

a. Mark the Zip/Post is Range checkbox.

b. Enter the first ZIP or postal code in the range.

c. Enter the last ZIP or postal code in the range.

d. Choose the State where the tax rate applies.

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e. Choose the Country where the tax rate applies.

f. Enter the Rate Percent that is used for the tax rate calculation.

7. When complete, tap Save Rate.

New Tax Rate

To edit an existing tax rate:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Taxes, choose Tax Zones and Rates.

2. Find the tax rate in the Tax Zones and Rates grid, and open the record in edit mode.

If there are many rates in the list, use the filter controls to find the rate you need.

3. Make the necessary changes to the Tax Rate Information.

4. Update the Tax Titles as needed.

5. When complete, tap Save Rate.

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Import/Export Tax Rates

If you conduct business in several states and ship a large quantity of product, it is more
efficient to download tax rates by ZIP code than enter the rates manually. The rates can then be
imported into Magento. The following example shows how to import a set of California tax
rates that was downloaded from the Avalara website. Avalara is a Magento Technology Partner,
and provides tax rate tables that can be downloaded at no charge for every ZIP code in the
United States.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Export the Magento Tax Rate Data
Step 2: Prepare the Import Data
Step 3: Import the Tax Rates

Step 1: Export the Magento Tax Rate Data

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Data Transfer, choose Import/Export Tax
Rates.

2. Tap Export Tax Rates. Look for the download file in the lower-left corner of the browser
window.

3. Save the file, and then open it in a spreadsheet. (In this example, we use OpenOffice Calc.)

The exported Magento tax rate data includes the following columns:

l Code
l Country
l State
l Zip/Post Code
l Rate
l Range From
l Range To
l A column for each store view

Exported Tax Rate Data

4. Open the new tax rate data in a second instance of the spreadsheet, so you can see both, side
by side.

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In the new tax rate data, take note of any additional tax rate data that you might need to set
up in your store before the data is imported. For example, the tax rate data for California also
includes:
l TaxRegionName
l CombinedRate
l StateRate
l CountyRate
l CityRate
l SpecialRate

If you need to import additional tax zones and rates, you must first define them from the
Admin of your store, and update the tax rules as needed. Then, export the data, and open the
file in OpenOffice Calc, so it can be used for reference. However, to keep this example simple,
we will import only the standard tax rate columns.

Step 2: Prepare the Import Data

You now have two spreadsheets open, side by side. One with the Magento export file structure,
and the other with the new tax rate data that you want to import.

1. To create a place to work in the spreadsheet with the new data, insert as many blank columns
at the far left as needed. Then, use cut and paste to rearrange the columns so they match the
order of the Magento export data.

2. Rename the column headers to match the Magento export data.

3. Delete any columns that have no data. Otherwise, the structure of the import file should match
the original Magento export data.

4. Before saving the file, scroll down and make sure that the tax rate columns contain only
numeric data. Any text found in a tax rate column will prevent the data from being imported.

5. Save the prepared data as a .CSVfile. When prompted, verify that a comma is used a Field
delimiter, and double quotes as the Text delimiter. Then, tap OK.

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Step 3: Import the Tax Rates

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Data Transfer, choose Import/Export Tax
Rates.

2. Tap Browse, and choose the .CSV tax rate file that you prepared to import. Then, tap Import
Tax Rates.

It might take several minutes to import the data. When the process is complete, the message,
"The tax rate has been imported" appears. If you receive an error message, correct the problem
in the data and try again.

3. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Taxes, choose Tax Zones and Rates. The
imported rates appear in the list. Use the page controls to view the new tax rates.

Imported Tax Rates

4. Run some test transactions in your store with customers from different ZIP codes to make sure
that the new tax rates work correctly.

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Value Added Tax (VAT)

Some countries charge a value added tax, or VAT, on goods and services. There can be different
VAT rates depending on which stage you as a merchant are at in the manufacture or
distribution of the products, materials, or services that you sell to your customers. In this case
you may need to use more than one VAT rate in your store for tax calculation purposes.

Configuring VAT
The following instructions include a sample procedure to set up a 20% VAT in the U.K. for
sales to retail customers. For other tax rates and countries, follow the general procedure but
enter specific information that corresponds to your country, VAT rate, customer types, and so
on.

Before proceeding, make sure to find out which rules and regulations apply to VAT in your area.

In certain business-to-business transactions, VAT is not assessed. Magento can validate a

customers VAT ID to ensure that VAT is assessed (or not assessed) properly. To learn more,
see: VAT Validation.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Set Up Customer Tax Classes
Step 2: Set Up Product Tax Classes
Step 3: Set Up Tax Zones and Rates
Step 4: Set Up Tax Rules
Step 5: Apply Tax Classes to Products

Step 1: Set Up Customer Tax Classes

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then choose, select Tax Zones and Rates.

2. Ensure that there is a customer tax class that is appropriate to use with the VAT. For this
example, ensure that there is a customer tax class named Retail Customer. If Retail Customer
does not exist, click the Add New button and add it.

Step 2: Set Up Product Tax Classes

1. On the Admin menu, select Sales > Tax > Product Tax Classes.

2. Click the Add New button and create three new classes:

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l VAT Standard
l VAT Reduced
l VAT Zero

3. Click the Save Class button for each new class that you add.

Step 3: Set Up Tax Zones and Rates

1. On the Admin menu, select Sales > Tax > Manage Tax Zones & Rates.

For this example you can remove the U.S. tax rates, or leave them as they are.

2. Click the Add New Tax Rate button. Add new rates as follows:

NEW TAX RATE SETTINGS

VAT Standard Tax Identifier: VAT Standard

Country and State: United Kingdom

Rate Percent: 20.00

VAT Reduced Tax Identifier: VAT Reduced

Country and State: United Kingdom

Rate Percent: 5.00

3. Click the Save Rate button for each rate.

Step 4: Set Up Tax Rules

A tax rule is a combination of a customer tax class, a product tax class, and a tax rate.

1. On the Admin menu, select Sales > Tax > Manage Tax Rules.

2. Add new tax rules as follows:

NEW TAX RULE SETTINGS

VAT Standard Name: VAT Standard

Customer Tax Class: Retail Customer

Product Tax Class: VAT Standard

Tax Rate: VAT Standard Rate

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NEW TAX RULE SETTINGS

VAT Reduced Name: VAT Reduced

Customer Tax Class: Retail Customer

Product Tax Class: VAT Reduced

Tax Rate: VAT Reduced Rate

3. Click the Save Rule button for each rate.

Step 5: Apply Tax Classes to Products

1. On the Admin menu, select Catalog > Manage Products.

2. Open a product from your catalog in edit mode.

3. On the General page, find the Tax Class field. Then, select the VAT Class that applies to the
product.

4. When complete, click the Save button.

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VATValidation
VATIDValidation automatically calculates the required tax for B2B transactions that take
place within the European Union (EU), based on the merchant and customer locale. Magento
performs VAT ID validation using the web services of the European Commission server.

VAT-related tax rules do not influence other tax rules, and do not prevent the application of other tax
rules. Only one tax rule can be applied at a given time.

l VAT is charged if the merchant and customer are located in the same EU country.
l VAT is not charged if the merchant and customer are located in different EU countries, and
both parties are EU-registered business entities.

The store administrator creates more than one default customer group that can be
automatically assigned to the customer during account creation, address creation or update,
and checkout. The result is that different tax rules are used for intra-country (domestic) and
intra-EU sales.

Important: If you sell virtual or downloadable products, which by their nature do not require
shipping, the VAT rate of a customers location country should be used for both intra-union and
domestic sales. You must create additional individual tax rules for product tax classes that
correspond to the virtual products.

Customer Registration Workflow

If VAT ID Validation is enabled, after registration each customer is proposed to enter the VAT
ID number. However only those who are registered VAT customers are expected to fill this field.

After a customer specifies the VAT number and other address fields, and chooses to save, the
system saves the address and sends the VAT ID validation request to the European
Commission server. According to the results of the validation, one of the default groups is
assigned to a customer. This group can be changed if a customer or an administrator changes
the VAT ID of the default address or changes the whole default address. The group can be
temporarily changed (group change will be emulated) in some cases during one-page checkout.

If enabled, you can override VAT ID Validation for individual customers by selecting the
checkbox on the Customer Information page.

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Checkout Workflow
If a customers VAT validation is performed during checkout, the VAT request identifier and
VAT request date are saved in the Comments History section of the order.

The system behavior concerned with the VAT ID validation and the customer group change
during the checkout depends on how the Validate on Each Transaction and the Disable
Automatic Group Change settings are configured. This section describes the implementation of
the VAT ID Validation functionality for the checkout on the frontend.

In case a customer uses Google Express Checkout, PayPal Express Checkout or another
external checkout method, when the checkout is performed completely on the side of the
external payment gateway, the Validate on Each Transaction setting cannot be applied. Thus
the customer group cannot change during checkout.

VATValidation Checkout Workflow

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Configuring VAT ID Validation

To configure VATIDvalidation, you must first set up the customer groups that are needed,
and create the related tax classes, rates, and rules. Then, enable VATID validation for the
store, and complete the configuration.

The following examples show how tax classes and rates are used for VATIDValidation. Take a
look at the examples, and then follow the instructions to set up the tax classes and rules that
are needed for your store.

Example: Minimal Tax Rules Required for VATID Validation

TAX RULE #1
Customer Tax Class Customer tax classes must include:
A class for domestic customers
A class for customers with invalid VAT ID
A class for customers, for whom VAT ID validation failed

Product Tax Class Product tax classes must include a class for products of all types,
except bundle and virtual.

Tax Rate The tax rate must include the VAT rate of the merchants country.

TAX RULE #2
Customer Tax Class A class for intra-union customers.

Product Tax Class A class for products of all types, except virtual.

Tax Rate VAT rates for all EU countries, except merchants country. Currently
this rate is 0%.

TAX RULE #3 (REQUIRED FOR VIRTUAL AND DOWNLOADABLE PRODUCTS)

Customer Tax Class Customer tax classes must include:
A class for domestic customers
A class for customers with invalid VAT ID
A class for customers, for whom VAT ID validation failed

Product Tax Class A class for virtual products.

Tax Rate VAT rate of the merchants country.

TAX RULE #4 (REQUIRED FOR VIRTUAL AND DOWNLOADABLE PRODUCTS)

Customer Tax Class A class for intra-union customers.

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TAX RULE #4 (REQUIRED FOR VIRTUAL AND DOWNLOADABLE PRODUCTS)

Product Tax Class A class for virtual products.

Tax Rate VAT rates for all EU countries, except merchants country. Currently
this rate is 0%.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Create VAT-Related Customer Groups
Step 2: Create VAT-Related Classes, Rates and Rules
Step 3: Enable and Configure VAT ID Validation
Step 4: Set your VAT ID and Location Country
Step 5: Verify the List of EU Member Countries

Step 1: Create VAT-Related Customer Groups

VAT ID Validation automatically assigns one of the four default customer groups to customers
according to VAT ID validation results:

l Domestic
l Intra-EU
l Invalid VAT ID
l Validation error

You can create new customer groups for VAT ID Validation or use existing groups, if they
comply with your business logic. When configuring VAT ID Validation, you must assign each
of the created customer groups as a default for customers with appropriate VAT ID validation
results.

Step 2: Create VAT-Related Classes, Rates, and Rules

Each tax rule is defined be three entities:

l Customer Tax Classes

l Product Tax Classes
l Tax Rates

Create the tax rules that you need to use VAT IDValidation effectively.

l Tax rules include tax rates and tax classes.

l Tax classes are assigned to customer groups.

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Step 3: Enable and Configure VAT ID Validation

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. If necessary, set the Store View for the configuration.

3. In the panel on the left under Customers, choose Customer Configuration.

4. Expand the Create New Account Options section.

Create New Account Options

5. Set Enable Automatic Assignment to Customer Group to Yes. Then complete the following
fields as needed.

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l Default Group
l Default Value for Disable Automatic Group Changes Based on VATID
l Show VAT Number on Frontend

6. When complete, tap Save Config.

Step 4: Set Your VAT ID and Location Country

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. If needed, set Store View to the applicable store view.

3. In the panel on the left under General, choose General.

4. Expand the Store Information section. Then, do the following:

Store Information

a. Select your Country.

b. Enter your VAT Number. Then, tap Validate VAT Number. The result appears immediately.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Step 5: Verify the List of EU Member Countries

1. Continuing in the General configuration section, expand the Countries Options section.

Countries Options

2. In the list of European Union Countries, verify that each member country of the EU is
selected.

3. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Tax Quick Reference

Some tax settings have a choice of options that determines the way the tax is calculated and
presented to the customer. To learn more, see: International Tax Guidelines.

Tax Calculation Methods

Tax calculation method options include Unit Price, Row Total, and Total. The following table
explains how rounding (to two digits) is handled for different settings.

Tax Configuration Options

SETTING CALCULATION AND DISPLAY
Unit Price Magento calculates the tax for each item and displays prices tax-
inclusive. To calculate the tax total, Magento rounds the tax for each
item, and then adds them together.

Row Total Magento calculates the tax for each line. To calculate the tax total,
Magento rounds the tax for each line item and then adds them
together.

Total Magento calculates the tax for each item and adds those tax values
to calculate the total unrounded tax amount for the order. Magento
then applies the specified rounding mode to the total tax to determine
the total tax for the order.

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Catalog PricesWith or Without Tax

The possible display fields vary depending on the calculation method and whether the catalog
prices include or exclude taxes. Display fields have two-decimal precision in normal
computations. Some combinations of price settings display prices that both include and
exclude tax. When both appear on the same line item, it can be confusing to customers, and
triggers a warning.

Tax Configuration Options

SETTING CALCULATION AND DISPLAY
Excluding Tax Using this setting, the base item price is used as it is entered and the
tax calculation methods are applied.

IncludingTax Using this setting, the base item price excluding tax is calculated
first. This value is used as the base price, and the tax calculation
methods are applied.

Important! Changes have been made from earlier versions for EU merchants or other VAT merchants
who display prices including tax and operate in several countries with multiple store views. If you load
prices with more than two digits of precision, Magento automatically rounds all prices to two digits to
ensure that a consistent price is presented to buyers.

Shipping Prices With or Without Tax

Tax Configuration Options
SETTING DISPLAY CALCULATION
Excluding Tax Appears without tax. Normal calculation. Shipping is added
to cart total, typically displayed as a
separate item.

Including Tax Can be tax inclusive, or tax Shipping is treated as another item in
can be displayed cart with taxes, using the same
separately. calculations.

Tax Amounts as Line Items

To display two different tax amounts as separate line items, such as GST and PST for Canadian
stores, you must set different priorities for the related tax rules. However, in previous tax
calculations, taxes with different priorities would automatically be compounded. To correctly display
separate tax amounts without an incorrect compounding of the tax amounts, you can set different
priorities, and also select the Calculate off subtotal only checkbox. This produces correctly
calculated tax amounts that appear as separate line items.

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International Tax Guidelines

U.S. Tax Configuration
TAX OPTION RECOMMENDED SETTING
Load catalog prices Excluding tax

FPT No, because FPT is not taxed.

Tax based on Shipping origin

Tax Calculation On total

Tax shipping? No

Apply Discount Before tax

Comment All tax zones are the same priority; ideally, a zone for state and one or
more zones for zip code lookup.

UK B2C Tax Configuration

TAX OPTION RECOMMENDED SETTING
Load catalog prices Excluding tax

FPT Yes, including FPT and description

Tax based on Shipping address

Tax Calculation On total

Tax shipping? Yes

Apply Discount Before tax, discount on prices, including tax.

Comment For merchants marking up supplier invoices (including VAT).

U.K. B2B Tax Configuration

TAX OPTION RECOMMENDED SETTING
Load catalog prices Excluding tax

FPT Yes, including FPT and description

Tax based on Shipping address

Tax Calculation On item

Tax shipping? Yes

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U.K. B2B Tax Configuration (cont.)

TAX OPTION RECOMMENDED SETTING
Apply Discount Before tax, discount on prices, including tax.

Comment For B2B merchants to provide simpler VAT supply chain

considerations. Tax calculation on row is also valid; however, check
with your taxing jurisdiction. Setup assumes a merchant is in the
supply chain and that goods sold are used by other vendors for VAT
rebates and so on. This makes it easy to discern tax by item for
faster rebate generation. Note that some jurisdictions require different
rounding strategies not currently supported by Magento, and that not
all jurisdictions allow item or row level tax.

Canada Tax Configuration

TAX OPTION RECOMMENDED SETTING
Load catalog prices Excluding tax

FPT Yes, including FPT, description, and apply tax to FPT.

Tax based on Shipping origin

Tax Calculation On total

Tax shipping? Yes

Apply Discount Before tax

Comment Merchants located in a GST/PST province (Montreal) should create

one tax rule and show a combined tax amount.
Be sure to consult a qualified tax authority if you have any questions.
For information about the tax requirements of specific provinces, see
the following:
Revenu Qubec
Government of Saskatchewan
Manitoba Information for Vendors

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U.S. Tax Guidelines

These recommended settings can be used for most tax configurations for stores within the
United States.

Tax Classes
TAX CLASS RECOMMENDED SETTING
Tax Class for Shipping None

Calculation Settings
CALCULATION RECOMMENDED SETTING
Tax Calculation Method Based On Total

Tax Calculation Based On Shipping Origin

Catalog Prices Excluding Tax

Shipping Prices Excluding Tax

Apply Customer Tax After Discount

Apply Discount on Prices Excluding Tax

Default Tax Destination Calculation

SETTING RECOMMENDED SETTING
Default Country United States

Default State State where business is located.

Default Post Code The postal code that is used in your tax zones.

Price Display Settings

SETTING RECOMMENDED SETTING
Display Product Prices in Catalog Excluding Tax

Display Shipping Prices Excluding Tax

Shopping Cart Display Settings

SETTING RECOMMENDED SETTING
Display Prices Excluding Tax

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SETTING RECOMMENDED SETTING

Display Subtotal Excluding Tax

Display Shipping Amount Excluding Tax

Display Gift Wrapping Prices Excluding Tax

Display Printed Card Prices Excluding Tax

Include Tax in Grand Total Yes

Display Full Tax Summary Yes

Display Zero Tax Subtotal Yes

Orders, Invoices, Credit Memos, Display Settings

SETTING RECOMMENDED SETTING
Display Prices Excluding Tax

Display Subtotal Excluding Tax

Display Shipping Amount Excluding Tax

Include Tax in Grand Total Yes

Display Full Tax Summary Yes

Display Zero Tax Subtotal Yes

Fixed Product Taxes

SETTING RECOMMENDED SETTING
Enable FPT No, except in California.

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Canadian Tax Guidelines

The following example shows how to set up GSTtax rates for Canada and PSTtax rates for
Saskatchewan, with tax rules that calculate and display the two tax rates. Because this is an
example configuration, be sure to verify the correct tax rates and rules for your tax
jurisdictions. When setting up taxes, set the store scope to apply the configuration to all
applicable stores and websites.

l Fixed product tax is included for relevant goods as a product attribute.

l In Quebec, PST is referred to as TVQ. If you need to set up a rate for Quebec, make sure to
use TVQ as the identifier.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Complete the Tax Calculation Settings
Step 2: Set Up Canadian Goods & Services Tax (GST)
Step 3: Set Up Canadian Provincial Sales Tax (PST)
Step 4: Create a GSTTax Rule
Step 5: Create a PSTTax Rule for Saskatchewan
Step 6: Save and Test the Results

Step 1: Complete Tax Calculation Settings

1. On the Admin menu, select System >Configuration. Then in the panel on the left, under
Sales, select Tax.

2. Click to expand each section, and complete the following settings:

Tax Calculation Settings

FIELD RECOMMENDED SETTING
Tax Calculation Method Based On Total

Tax Calculation Based On Shipping Address

Catalog Prices Excluding Tax

Shipping Prices Excluding Tax

Apply Customer Tax After Discount

Apply Discount on Prices Excluding Tax

Apply Tax On Custom Price (if available)

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Tax Classes
FIELD RECOMMENDED SETTING
Tax Class for Shipping Shipping (shipping is taxed)

Default Tax Destination Calculation

FIELD RECOMMENDED SETTING
Default Country Canada

Default State (as appropriate)

Default Postal Code * (asterisk)

Shopping Cart Display Settings

FIELD RECOMMENDED SETTING
Include Tax in Grand Total Yes

Display Full Tax Summary Yes

Display Zero in Tax Subtotal Yes

Fixed Product Taxes

FIELD RECOMMENDED SETTING
Enable FPT Yes

All FPT Display Settings Including FPT and FPT description

Apply Discounts to FPT No

Apply Tax to FPT Yes

Include FPT in Subtotal No

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Step 2: Set Up Canadian Goods & Services Tax (GST)

To print the GST number on invoices and other sales documents, include it in the name of the
applicable tax rates. The GST will appear as part of the GST amount on any order summary.

Manage Tax Zones & Rates

FIELD RECOMMENDED SETTING
Tax Identifier Canada-GST

Country Canada

State * (asterisk)

Zip/Post is Range No

Zip/Post Code * (asterisk)

Rate Percent 5.0000

Step 3: Set Up Canadian Provincial Sales Tax (PST)

Set up another tax rate for the applicable province.

Tax Rate Information

FIELD RECOMMENDED SETTING
Tax Identifier Canada-SK-PST

Country Canada

State Saskatchewan

Zip/Post is Range No

Zip/Post Code * (asterisk)

Rate Percent 5.0000

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Step 4: Create a GST Tax Rule

To avoid compounding the tax and to correctly display the calculated tax as separate line
items for GSTand PST, you must set different priorities for each rule, and select the Calculate
off subtotal only checkbox. Each tax appears as a separate line item, but the tax amounts are
not compounded.

Tax Rule Information

FIELD RECOMMENDED SETTING
Name Retail-Canada-GST

Customer Tax Class Retail Customer

Product Tax Class Taxable Goods

Shipping

Tax Rate Canada-GST

Priority 0

Calculate off subtotal only Select this checkbox.

Sort Order 0

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Step 5: Create a PST Tax Rule for Saskatchewan

For this tax rule, make sure to set the priority to 0 and select the "Calculate off subtotal only"
checkbox. Each tax appears as a separate line item, but the tax amounts are not compounded.

Tax Rule Information

FIELD RECOMMENDED SETTING
Name Retail-Canada-PST

Customer Tax Class Retail Customer

Product Tax Class Taxable Goods

Shipping

Tax Rate Canada-SK-PT

Priority 1

Calculate off subtotal only Select this checkbox.

Sort Order 0

Step 6: Save and Test the Results

1. When complete, click the Save Config button.

2. Return to your storefront, and create a sample order to test the results.

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EU Tax Guidelines
The following example depicts a store based in France that sells > 100k Euros in France and >
100k Euros in Germany.

l Tax calculations are managed at the website level.

l Currency conversion and tax display options are controlled individually at the store view
level, (Click the Use Website checkbox to override the default).
l By setting the default tax country you can dynamically show the correct tax for the
jurisdiction.
l Fixed product tax is included for relevant goods as a product attribute.
l It might be necessary to edit the catalog to ensure that it shows up in the correct
category/website/store view.

Process Overview:
Step 1: Create Three Product Tax Classes
Step 2: Create Tax Rates for France and Germany
Step 3: Set Up the Tax Rules
Step 4: Set Up a Store View for Germany
Step 5: Configure Tax Settings for France
Step 6: Configure Tax Settings for Germany

Step 1: Create Three Product Tax Classes

For this example, it is assumed that multiple VAT-Reduced product tax classes are not needed.

1. Create a VAT-Standard product tax class.

2. Create a VAT-Reduced product tax class.

3. Create a VAT-Free product tax class.

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Step 2: Create Tax Rates for France and Germany

Create the following tax rates:

Tax Rates
TAX RATE SETTING
France-StandardVAT Country: France

State/Region: *

ZIP/Postal Code: *

Rate: 20%

France-ReducedVAT Country: France

State/Region: *

ZIP/Postal Code: *

Rate: 5%

Germany-StandardVAT Country: Germany

State/Region: *

ZIP/Postal Code: *

Rate: 19%

Germany-ReducedVAT Country: Germany

State/Region: *

ZIP/Postal Code: *

Rate: 7%

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Step 3: Set Up the Tax Rules

Create the following tax rules:

Tax Rules
TAX RULE SETTING
Retail-France-StandardVAT Customer Class: Retail Customer

Tax Class: VAT-Standard

Tax Rate: France-StandardVAT

Priority: 0

Sort Order: 0

Retail-France-ReducedVAT Customer Class: Retail Customer

Tax Class: VAT Reduced

Tax Rate: France-ReducedVAT

Priority: 0

Sort Order: 0

Retail-Germany- Customer Class: Retail Customer

StandardVAT
Tax Class: VAT-Standard

Tax Rate: Germany-StandardVAT

Priority: 0

Sort Order: 0

Retail-Germany- Customer Class: Retail Customer

ReducedVAT
Tax Class: VAT-Reduced

Tax Rate: Germany-ReducedVAT

Priority: 0

Sort Order: 0

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Step 4: Set Up a Store View for Germany

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose All Stores.

2. Under the default website, create a store view for Germany. Then, do the following:

a. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

a. In the upper-left corner, set Default Config to the French store.

b. On the General page, expand the Countries Options section, and set the default
country to France.

c. Complete the locale options as needed.

3. In the upper-left corner, choose the German Store View. Then, do the following:

a. On the General page, expand Countries Options, and set the default country to
Germany.

b. Complete the locale options as needed.

Step 5: Configure Tax Settings for France

Complete the following General tax settings:

General Settings
FIELD RECOMMENDED SETTING

TAX CLASSES

Tax Class for Shipping Shipping (shipping is taxed)

CALCULATION SETTINGS

Tax Calculation Method Based Total

On

Tax Calculation Based On Shipping Address

Catalog Prices Including Tax

Shipping Prices Including Tax

Apply Customer Tax After Discount

Apply Discount on Prices Including Tax

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General Settings (cont.)

FIELD RECOMMENDED SETTING
Apply Tax On Custom Price (if available)

DEFAULT TAX DESTINATION CALCULATION

Default Country France

Default State

Default Postal Code * (asterisk)

SHOPPING CART DISPLAY SETTINGS

Include Tax in Grand Total Yes

FIXED PRODUCT TAXES

Enable FPT Yes

All FPT Display Settings Including FPT and FPT description

Apply Discounts to FPT No

Apply Tax to FPT Yes

Include FPT in Subtotal Yes

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Step 6: Configure Tax Settings for Germany

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the upper-right corner, set Store View to the view to the German store. When prompted to
confirm, tap OK.

3. In the panel on the left, under Sales,choose Tax.

4. In the Default Tax Destination Calculation section, do the following:

a. Clear the Use Website checkbox after each field,

b. Update the following values to match your site's Shipping Settings point of origin.

l Default Country
l Default State
l Default Post Code

This setting ensures that tax is calculated correctly when product prices include tax.

Default Tax Destination Calculation

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Warning Messages
Some combinations of tax-related options might be confusing to customers and trigger a
warning. These conditions might occur when the tax calculation method is set to Row or
Total, and the customer is presented with prices that both exclude and include tax, or a tax
on an item basis in the cart. Because the tax calculation is rounded, the amount that appears
in the cart might differ from the amount that a customer expects to pay.

If your tax calculation is based on a problematic configuration, the following warnings appear:

Warning. Tax discount configuration might result in different discounts than a customer
might expect for store(s); Europe Website (French), Europe Website (German). Please
see source for more details.

Warning. Tax configuration can result in rounding errors for store(s): Europe Websites
(French), Europe Websites (German).

Calculation Settings
Use the following tables for reference when configuring tax calculation settings:

Tax Calculation Method Based On: Excluding Tax

Tax Excluded
PRICE DISPLAY UNIT PRICE ROW TOTAL TOTAL
Tax Class for Shipping Shipping (is taxed)

Excluding tax OK OK OK

Including tax OK OK OK

Including and OK OK Warning

Excluding tax

Catalog Prices: Including Tax

Tax Included
PRICE DISPLAY UNIT PRICE ROW TOTAL TOTAL
Excluding tax OK OK OK

Including tax OK OK OK

Including and OK Warning Warning

Excluding tax

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Calculation Settings

Discount Settings
We strongly recommend that you use the following settings to avoid issues when configuring
taxes in relation to discounts.

Recommended Settings
FIELD RECOMMENDED SETTING
Apply Customer Tax After Discount

Apply Discount on Prices US and Canada Excluding Tax

EU Including Tax

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Currency
Magento Community Edition 2.1 gives you the ability to accept currencies from more than two
hundred countries around the world. If the store supports multiple currencies, a Currency
Chooser appears in the header after currency rates are updated.

If you accept payment in multiple currencies, make sure to monitor the currency rate settings,
because any fluctuation can impact your profit margin.

Currency symbols appear in product prices and sales documents such as orders and invoices.
You can customize the currency symbols as needed, and also set the display of the price
separately for each store or view.

Currency Chooser

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Currency Configuration
Before setting up individual currency rates, you must first set the scope of the base currency,
By default, it is set to global, which applies the base currency setting to the entire store
hierarchy. If you have a multisite installation of Magento, you can manage multiple base
currencies by setting the scope to the website level.

Then, specify which currencies you accept, and the currency that you want to use for the
display of prices in your store. In the following illustration, the scope of the base currency is set
at the website level, so each website can have a different base currency.

Scope of Base Currency

Process Overview:
Step 1: Choose the Accepted Currencies
Step 2: Configure the Import Connection
Step 3: Configure the Scheduled Import Settings
Step 4: Update the Currency Rates

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Step 1: Choose the Accepted Currencies

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose Currency Setup.

3. Expand the Currency Options section, and do the following:

a. Set Base Currency to the primary currency that you use for online transactions.

b. Set Default Display Currency to the currency that you use to display pricing in your store.

c. In the Allowed Currencies list, select all currencies that you accept as payment in your
store. Make sure to also select your primary currency. (For multiple currencies, hold down
the Ctrl key and select each option.)

Currency Options

4. When prompted to refresh the cache, tap the Close box in the upper-right corner of the
system message. Well refresh the cache later.

5. To define the scope of the base currency, do the following:

a. In the panel on the left under Catalog, choose Catalog. Then, scroll down and expand
the Price section.

b. Set Catalog Price Scope to either Global or Website.

Price

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Step 2: Configure the Import Connection

1. Scroll back up to the top of the page. In the panel on the left under General, choose Currency
Setup.

2. Expand the WebserviceX section.

3. In the Connection Timeout in Seconds field, enter the number of seconds of inactivity to
allow before the connection times out.

WebserviceX

Step 3: Configure the Scheduled Import Settings

1. Continuing with Currency Setup, expand the Scheduled Import Settings section.

2. To automatically update currency rates, set Enabled to "Yes." Then, do the following:

a. Set Service to the rate provider. The default value is Webservicex.

b. Set Start Time to the hour, minute, and second that the rates will be updated according to
the schedule.

c. To determine how often the rates are updated, set Frequency to one of the following:

l Daily
l Weekly
l Monthy

d. In the Error Email Recipient field, enter the email address of the person who is to receive
email notification if an error occurs during the import process. To enter multiple email
addresses, separate each with a comma.

e. Set Error Email Sender to the store contact that appears as the sender of the error
notification.

f. Set Error Email Template to the email template used for the error notification.

3. When complete, tap Save Config.

4. When prompted to update the cache, tap the Cache Management link. Then, refresh the
invalid cache.

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Refresh Cache

Scheduled Import Settings

Step 4: Update the Currency Rates

The currency rates must be updated with the current values before they go into effect. Follow
the instructions to update the rates manually or to import the rates automatically.

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Currency Symbols
Manage Currency Symbols gives you the ability to customize the symbol associated with each
currency that is accepted as payment in your store.

Currency Symbols

To customize currency symbols:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Currency, choose Currency Symbols.

Each currency that is currently enabled for your store appears in the Currency list.

2. Enter a custom symbol for each currency you want to use, or mark the Use Standard checkbox
to the right of each currency.

3. To override the default symbol, clear the Use Standard checkbox. Then, enter the symbol that
you want to use.

It is not possible to change the alignment of the currency symbol from left to right.

4. When complete, tap Save Currency Symbols.

5. When prompted to update the cache, tap the Cache Management link. Then, refresh any
invalid cache.

Refresh Cache

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Updating Currency Rates

Currency rates can be set manually, or imported into the store. To ensure that your store has
the most current rates, you can configure the currency rates to be updated automatically on
schedule.

Before importing currency rates, complete the Currency Rate Setup to specify the currencies
that you accept, and to establish the import connection and schedule.

Updating Currency Rates

To manually update a currency rate:

1. On the Admin sidebar, click Stores. Then under Currency, choose Currency Rates.

2. Tap the rate you want to change, and enter the new value for each currency supported.

3. When complete, tap Save Currency Rates.

To import currency rates:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Currency, choose Currency Rates.

2. Set Import Service to the currency rate provider. WebserviceX is the default provider.

3. Tap Import.

The updated rates appear in the Currency Rates list. If the rates have changed since the last
update, the old rate appears below for reference.

4. When complete, tap Save Currency Rates.

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5. When prompted to update the cache, tap the Cache Management link. Then, refresh all
invalid caches.

Refresh Invalid Caches

To import currency rates on schedule:

1. Make sure that Cron is enabled for your store.

2. Complete the Currency Rate Setup to specify the currencies that you accept, and to establish
the import connection and schedule.

3. To verify that the rates are imported on schedule, check the Currency Rates list. Then, wait for
the duration of the frequency setting established for the schedule, and check the rates again.

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Attributes
Magento uses attributes to manage the information associated with products, customers, and
product ratings. Attributes are pieces of information that might appear as fields in forms,
reports, product reviews, layered navigation, and email messages. Some attributes are built into
the system, and others can be created to address specific needs.

You can find more information about attributes in the Products and Data Transfer sections of
this guide. To learn more, see:

l Using Product Attributes

l Product Attribute Reference
l Customer Attribute Reference

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Product Attributes
Product attribute properties determine how an attribute can be used in the catalog, its
appearance and behavior in the store, and in data transfer operations. The properties and labels
associated with each attribute determine how it can be used, and its presentation in the store.

Properties The Properties section includes both basic and advanced attribute
properties.

Labels The label identifies an attribute in the Admin and also in the storefront
of each store view. If your store is available in multiple languages, you
can enter a different translated label for each language.

Storefront The Storefront Properties determine how an attribute can be used in your
Properties store, its appearance, and behavior. You can specify if attributes are
available for search, layered navigation, product comparisons, price
rules, and sorting. For text attributes, you can enable the WYSIWYG
editor, and determine if HTML tags can be used to format the values.

To learn how to use attributes while creating a product, see: Using Product Attributes.

Product Attributes Page

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Properties
Property Descriptions
PROPERTY DESCRIPTION

ATTRIBUTE PROPERTIES

Default Label The label that identifies the attribute during data entry.

Catalog Input Type for Determines the data type and input control that is used to manage
Store Owner the product from the store Admin. Options include:

Text Field A single line input field for text.

Text Area A multiple-line input field that can display

paragraphs of text formatted with HTML.

Date An input field for date values. The date can

be typed directly into the field, or selected
from a list or calendar.

Yes/No A drop-down list with predefined options of

Yes and No.

Multiple Select A drop-down list of options that allows

multiple selections. To select more than one
option, hold down the Ctrl key and click each
item.

Dropdown A drop-down list of options that allows only

one selection.

Price An input type that can be used to create

price fields in addition to the predefined
attributes: Price, Special Price, Tier Price
and Cost.

Media Image An additional image that can be included in

the attribute set of a product.

Visual Swatch Displays a swatch that depicts the color,

texture, or pattern of a configurable product.
A visual swatch can be filled with a
hexadecimal color value, or display an
uploaded image that represents the color,
material, texture, or pattern of the option.

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Property Descriptions (cont.)

PROPERTY DESCRIPTION

Text Swatch A text-based representation of a configurable

product option that is frequently used for
size. Text swatches can also include
hexadecimal color values.

Fixed Product Tax An input type that gives you the ability to
define FPT rates based on the requirements
of your locale.

Values Required To require that a value to be entered in this field before the record can
be saved, set Values Required to Yes. Options include:Yes/No

ADVANCED ATTRIBUTE PROPERTIES

Attribute Code (Required) A unique identifier for internal use. The Attribute Code
must begin with a letter, but can include a combination of lowercase
letters (a-z) and numbers (0-9). The code must be less than thirty
characters in length and cannot include any special characters or
spaces, although an underscore (_) can be used to indicate a space.

Scope Limits the use of an attribute to a specific store view or website.

Options include:
Store View
Website
Global

Default Value Assigns a starting value to the attribute to help during data entry. To
assign a default value for Multiple Select or Dropdown input types,
see: Creating Product Attributes.

A default value cannot be set for Multiple Select, Dropdown, or Fixed

Product Tax input types.

Unique Value Requires the attribute value to be different from all other values
entered in the same attribute, within the context of the scope setting.
Unique value should be enabled for any attribute that is used as an
ID number. For example, because SKU is used to identify products
throughout the hierarchy, it has a unique value with a global scope.
Options:Yes/No

Input Validation for Store Performs a validation check of the data entered in the field, based on
Owner the following options:

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Property Descriptions (cont.)

PROPERTY DESCRIPTION
None
Decimal Number
Integer Number
Email
URL
Letters
Letters (a-z, A-Z) or Numbers (0-9)

Add to Column Options Determines if the column appears in the product grid. Options: Yes /
No

Use in Filter Options Determines if the attribute is used as a filter control at the top of
columns in the grid. Options: Yes / No

Storefront Properties
Property Descriptions
PROPERTY DESCRIPTION
Use in Search Select Yes if you want people to be able to search the catalog
based on the value of this attribute. Options include:Yes/No
The following attributes appear when Search is enabled:

Search Weight To weight the search results, set Search

Weight to a number from 1 to 10.

Visible in Advanced Gives shoppers the ability to enter search

Search criteria through a form. Options
include:Yes/No

Using too many attributes can slow down

search.

Comparable on Storefront Select Yes to include this attribute as a row in the Compare
Products report. Options include:Yes/No

Use In Layered Navigation (Dropdown, Multiple Select and Price input types only) Includes the
attribute as a filter in the Shop By section of layered navigation.
Options include:

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Property Descriptions (cont.)

PROPERTY DESCRIPTION

No The attribute is not available to be used as a

filter in layered navigation.

Filterable (with Layered navigation includes only those

results) filters for which matching products can be
found. Any attribute value that already
applies to all products shown in the list does
not appear as an available filter. Attribute
values with a count of zero (0) product
matches are also omitted from the list of
available filters.
The filtered list of products includes only
those that match the filter. The products list
is updated only if the selected filter(s)
change what is currently shown.

Filterable (no Layered navigation includes filters for all

results) available attribute values and their product
counts, including those with zero (0) product
matches. If the attribute value is a swatch,
the value appears as a filter, but is crossed
out.

Use In Search Results To include the attribute in the layered navigation for search results,
Layered Navigation select Yes. Options include:Yes/No

Position Determines the position of the attribute in layered navigation in

relation to other filterable attributes.

Use for Promo Rule To make the attribute available for use in price rules, select Yes.
Conditions Options include:Yes/No

Allow HTML Tags on (Text Field and Text Area input types only) To be able to format the
Storefront attribute value with HTMLtags, select Yes. Options include: Yes /
No

Visible on Catalog Pages (Simple and virtual products only) To include the attribute on the
on Storefront Additional Information tab of the product page, select Yes. Options
include:Yes/No

Used in Product Listing Depends on the theme. To include the attribute in product summaries
that appear in catalog listings, select Yes.

Used for Sorting in Product Depending on theme, includes the attribute as a Sort By option for
Listing catalog listings. Options:Yes / No

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Creating Product Attributes

Attributes can be created while working on a product, or from the Product Attributes page. The
following example shows how to create attributes from the Stores menu. To learn how to add
attributes while working on a product, see: Using Product Attributes.

Any attribute that is used as a drop-down list of values for a configurable product must have
the following properties:

PROPERTY VALUE
Catalog Input Type for Store Owner Dropdown

Scope Global

New Attribute Properties

Process Overview:
Step 1: Describe the Basic Properties
Step 2: Describe the Advanced Properties
Step 3: Enter the Field Label
Step 4: Describe the Storefront Properties

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Step 1: Describe the Basic Properties

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Attributes, choose Product.

2. Tap Add New Attribute.

Attribute Properties

3. Under Attribute Properties, enter a Default Label to identify the attribute.

4. Set Catalog Input Type for Store Owner to the type in input control to be used for data entry.

5. For Dropdown and Multiple Select input types, do the following:

a. Under Manage Options, tap Add Option.

b. Enter the first value that you want to appear in the list. You can enter one value for the
Admin, and a translation of the value for each store view. If you have only one store view,
you can enter only the Admin value and it will be used for the storefront as well.

c. Tap Add Option and repeat the previous step for each option that you want to include in
the list.

d. Select Is Default to use the option as the default value.

6. If you want to require the customer to choose an option before the product can be purchased,
set Values Required to Yes.

Manage Options

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Step 2: Describe the Advanced Properties (if needed)

1. Enter a unique Attribute Code in lowercase characters, and without spaces.

Advanced Attribute Properties

2. Set Scope to indicate where in your store hierarchy the attribute can be used.

3. If you want to prevent duplicate values from being entered, set Unique Value to Yes.

4. To run a validity test of any data entered into a text field, set Input Validation for Store Owner
to the type of data that the field should contain. This field is not available for input types with
values that are selected. The test can validate any of the following:

l Decimal Number
l Integer Number
l Email
l URL
l Letters
l Letters (a-z, A-Z) or Numbers (0-9)

Input Validation

5. To add this attribute to the product grid, set the following options to "Yes."

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Add to Column Options Includes the attribute as a column in the Products grid.

Use in Filter Options Adds a filter control to the column header in the Products grid.

Step 3: Enter the Field Label

1. Expand the Manage titles section.

2. Enter a Title to be used as a label for the field. If your store is available in different languages,
you can enter a translated title for each view.

Manage Titles

Step 4: Describe the Storefront Properties

1. In the panel on the left, choose Storefront Properties.

2. If the attribute is to be available for search, set Use in Search to Yes.

3. To include the attribute in Product Compare, set Comparable on Storefront to Yes.

4. For dropdown, multiple select and price fields, do the following:

a. To use the attribute as a filter in layered navigation, set Use in Layered Navigation to
Yes.

b. to use the attribute in layered navigation on search results pages, set Use in Search
Results Layered Navigation to Yes,

c. In the Position field, enter a number to indicate the relative position of the attribute in the
layered navigation block.

5. To use the attribute in price rules, set Use for Promo Rule Conditions to Yes,

6. To allow the text to be formatted with HTML, set Allow HTML Tags on Frontend to Yes.
This setting makes the WYSIWYG editor available for the field.

To include the attribute in catalog page listings, set Visible on Catalog Pages on Storefront to
Yes.

7. Complete the following settings if supported by your theme:

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a. To include the attribute on the product detail page, set Visible on Catalog Pages on
Storefront to Yes.

b. To include the attribute in product listings, set Used in Product Listing to Yes.

c. To use attribute as a sort parameter for product listings, set Used for Sorting in Product
Listing to Yes.

8. When complete, tap Save Attribute.

Storefront Properties

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Attribute Sets
One of the first steps when creating a product is to choose the attribute set that is used as a
template for the product record. The attribute set determines the fields that are available during
data entry, and the values that appear to the customer.

The attributes are organized into groups that determine where they appear in the product
record. Your store comes with an initial attribute set called default which includes a set of
commonly-used attributes. If you would like to add only a small number of attributes, you can
add them to the default attribute set. However, if you sell products that require specific types of
information, such as cameras, it might be better to create a dedicated attribute set that
includes the specific attributes that are needed to describe the product.

Attribute Sets

To create an attribute set:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Attributes, choose Attribute Set.

2. Tap Add New Set. Then, do the following:

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Edit Set Name

a. Enter a Name for the attribute set.

b. Set Based On to an existing attribute set to be used as a template.

c. Tap Save . The next page displays the following:

l The left column shows the name of the attribute set. The name is for internal reference,
and can be changed as needed.
l The center of the page lists the current selection of attribute groups.
l The right column lists the selection of attributes that are currently not assigned to the
attribute set.

d. To add a new attribute to the set, drag the attribute from the Unassigned Attributes list
to the appropriate folder in the Groups column.

System attributes are marked with a dot and cannot be removed from the Groups list. They can
however, be dragged to another Group in the attribute set.

3. When complete, tap Save.

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Edit Attribute Set

To create a new attribute group:

1. In the Groups column the attribute set, tap Add New.

2. Enter a Name for the new group, and tap OK.

3. Do either of the following:

l Drag Unassigned Attributes to the new group.

l Drag attributes from any other group to the new group.

The new group becomes a section of attributes in any product that is based on the attribute set.

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System

997
 Contents Encryption Key
Session Validation
In this section of the guide, youll learn how to Browser Capabilities Detection
import and export data, manage security and Action Log
permissions, install extensions and integrations,
and use the many tools that are available to Tools
maintain your store at peak performance.
Cache Management
System Menu Full Page Cache
Data Transfer Index Management
IndexTrigger Events
Working with CSVFiles Backups
Data Validation Cron (Scheduled Tasks)
Import Developer Tools
Import History Frontend Development Workflow
Product Images Using Static File Signatures
Import Guidelines File Optimization
Export Developer Client Restrictions
Export Criteria Template Path Hints
Product Attribute Reference Translate Inline
Complex Data Web Setup Wizard
Advanced Pricing Component Manager
Customer Attribute Reference Web Setup
Integrations

Magento Marketplace
Magento Connect

Permissions

Adding Users
Locked Users
User Roles

Alternate Media Storage

Using a Database
Using a CDN

Security

Security Best Practices

Configuring Admin Security
CAPTCHA

998
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System Menu
The System Menu includes tools to import and export data, install extensions, manage system
caches and indexes, manage permissions, backups, system notifications, and custom variables.

System Menu

To display the System menu:

On the Admin sidebar, tap System .

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Menu Options
Data Transfer
The Import and Export tools give you the ability to
manage multiple records in a single operation. You
can import new items, and also update, replace, and
delete existing products and tax rates.

Extensions
Manage integrations and extensions for your store.

Tools
Manage your system resources, including cache and
index management, backups, and installation
settings.

Support
The Support Tools can be used as a resource during
the development and optimization processes, and as
a diagnostic tool to help our Support team identify
and resolve issues with your system.

Permissions
Magento uses roles and permissions to create different
levels of access for Admin users, which gives you the
ability to grant permission on a need to know basis
to people who work on your site.

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Action Log
The Action Log tracks the activities of administrators
who work in your store. For most events, the available
information includes the action, the name of the user
who performed it, whether it was a success or failure,
and the ID of the object that was the target of the
action.

Other Settings
Manage the notifications in your inbox, create custom
variables, and generate a new encryption key.

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Data Transfer
The Import and Export tools give you the ability to manage multiple records in a single
operation. You can not only import new items, but also update, replace, and delete existing
sets of products. For example, you can add new products to your inventory, update product
data and advanced price data, and replace a set of existing products with new products. If you
have a large catalog of products, its much easier to export the data, edit the data in a
spreadsheet, and import it back into your store.

l Working with CSVFiles

l Import
l Export
l Product Attribute Reference
l Customer Attribute Reference

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Working with CSV Files

The comma-separated-value (CSV) file format is used as the basis of data transfer operations,
and is supported by all spreadsheet and database applications. The following file types are
supported for import and export:

Import CSV and ZIP (a compressed CSV file.)

Export CSV

Important! We recommend that you use a program that supports UTF-8 encoding, such as
Notepad++ or OpenOffice Calc, to edit CSV files. Microsoft Excel inserts additional characters into
the column header of the CSV file, which can prevent the data from being imported back into
Magento. If you work on the Mac, you can save your data in the CSV (Windows) format.

CSV files have a specific structure that must match the database. Each column heading
corresponds to the Attribute Code of the field that is represented by the column. To ensure that
the column headings can be read by Magento, first export the data from your store as a CSV
file. You can then edit the data and re-import it into Magento.

If you open an exported CSVfile in a text editor, you will see that values are separated by
commas, and multiple values are enclosed in double-quotes. During import, you can specify a
custom separator character, although a comma is the default.

Product CSV Structure

A full export of the product database contains information about each product in the catalog,
and the relationships between them. Each record has fixed selection of columns that
corresponds to the attributes in the catalog, although the order of the attributes is ignored
during the import process.

Exported Product CSV in OpenOffice Calc

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The first row of the table contains the names of each attribute, which are used as column
headers. The remaining rows describe the individual product records. Any row that begins with
a value in the SKU column is the beginning of a new product record. A single product might
include several rows that contain information about multiple images or product options. The
next row that has a value in the SKU column begins a new product.

The category column contains a path for each category to which the product is assigned. The
path includes the root category, followed by a forward slash (/) between each level. By default,
the pipe | character is used to separate different category paths. For example:

Default Category/Gear|Default Category/Gear/Bags.

To import data, you need to include only the SKU and any columns with changes. Any blank
columns are ignored during the import process. It is not possible to add attributes during the
import process. You can include only existing attributes.

For a detailed description of each product attribute, see: Product Attribute Reference.

Exported Product CSV in Notepad++

CSV Product Structure

COLUMN NAME DESCRIPTION
_<name> Column headers that begin with an underscore contain service entity
properties or complex data. Service columns are not product
attributes.

<attribute name> Column headers with an attribute code or field name identify the
column of data. A column might represent a system attribute, or one
that was created by the store administrator.

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Customer CSV Structure

The customers CSV file contains customer information from the database, and has the
following structure:

Exported Customer CSV in OpenOffice Calc

The first row of the table contains the names of the attribute columns (which are the same as
attribute codes). There are two types of column names, as shown in the following table. Other
rows contain attribute values, service data, and complex data. Each row with non-empty
values in the email and _website columns starts the description of the subsequent
customer. Each row can represent customer data with or without address data, or the address
data only. In case a row contains only the address data, values in the columns, related to the
customer profile, will be ignored and may be empty.

To add or replace more than one address for a customer, in the import file add a row for each
new address with empty customer data and the new or updated address data below the
customer data row.

For a detailed description of each customer attribute, see: Customer Attribute Reference.

Exported Customer CSV in Notepad++

CSV Customer Structure

COLUMN NAME DESCRIPTION
_<name> Column headers that begin with an underscore contain service entity
properties or complex data. Service columns are not customer
attributes.

<attribute name> The names of the columns with values of both system-created
attributes, and attributes created by the store administrator.

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Data Validation
All data must pass validation before it can be imported into the store, to ensure that the values
are consistent with the system database. Validation begins when you tap the Check Data
button. During the process, all entities in the import file are verified for the following:

Attributes Column header names are verified to ensure that they match the
corresponding attributes in the system database. The value of
each attribute is checked to ensure that it meets the requirements
of the data type (decimal, integer, varchar, text, and datetime)

Complex Data Values that originate from a defined set, such as a drop-down or
multiple select input type, are verified to ensure that the values
exist in the defined set.

Service Data The values in service data columns are verified to ensure that the
properties or complex data values are consistent with what is
already defined in the system database.

Required Values For new entities, the presence of required attribute values in the
file is checked. For existing entities, there is no need to re-check
the existence of required attribute values.

Separators Although the separators arent visible when viewed in a

spreadsheet, data values in a CSVfile are separated by comma,
and text values are enclosed in double-quotes. During the
validation process, the separators are verified, and each set of
quotes that enclose character strings is verified to be formatted
correctly.

The results of the validation appear in the Validation Results section, and include the following
information:

l The number of entities checked

l The number of invalid rows
l The number of errors found

If the data is valid, an Import Success message appears.

File is Valid!
If validation fails, read the description of each error, and correct the problem in the CSV file.
For example, if a row contains an invalid SKU, the import process stops, and that row, and all
subsequent rows are not imported. After correctly the problem, import the data again. If many
errors are encountered, it might take several attempts to pass validation.

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Data Validation Messages

MESSAGES

DATA VALIDATION

l Product with specified SKU not found in rows: 1

l URL key for specified store already exists

l '7z' file extension is not supported

l 'txt' file extension is not supported

ERRORS

l Wrong field type. Type in the imported file %decimal%, expected type is %text%.

l Value is not allowed. Attribute value does not exist in the system.

l Field %column name% is required.

l Wrong value separator is used.

l Wrong encoding used. Supported character encoding is UTF-8 and Windows-1252.

l Imported file does not contain SKU field.

l SKU does not exist in the system.

l Column name %column name% is invalid. Should start with a letter. Alphanumeric.

l Imported file does not contain a header.

l %website name% website does not exist in the system.

l %storeview name% storeview does not exist in the system.

l Imported attribute %attribute name% does not exist in the system.

l Imported resource (image) could not be downloaded from external resource due to timeout or
access permissions.

l Imported resource (image) does not exist in the local media storage.

l Product creation error displayed to the user equal to the one seen during manual product save.

l Advanced Price creation error displayed to the user equal to the one seen during the manual
product save.

l Customer creation error displayed to the user equal to the one seen during the manual customer
save.

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Import
Data for all product types can be imported into the store. In addition, you can import customer
data, customer address data, and product images. Import supports the following operations:

l Add/Update
l Replace Existing Complex Data
l Delete Entities

The size of the import file is determined by the settings in the php.ini file on the server. The
system message on the Import page indicates the current size limit.

Import

Process Overview:
Step 1: Prepare the Data
Step 2: Choose the Import Behavior
Step 3: Identify the Import File
Step 4: Check the Import Data

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Step 1: Prepare the Data

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Data Transfer, choose Import.

2. Under Import Settings, set Entity Type to one of the following:

l Advanced Pricing
l Products
l Customers and Addresses
l Customers Main File
l Customer Addresses

3. Tap Download Sample File. Then on the download menu in the lower-left corner of your
browser window, choose Open.

Download Sample File

The sample file includes column headings with placeholder data for example product types.

Downloaded Sample File

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4. Examine the structure of the sample file. As you prepare your CSV import file, make sure that
the column headings are spelled correctly.

5. Verify that the size of your import file does not exceed the limit shown in the message.

6. If the import data includes paths to product images, make sure that the image files have been
uploaded to the appropriate location. The default location on the Magento server is:
pub/media/import.

If the images reside on an external server, make sure that you have the full URLto the
directory that contains the images.

Step 2: Choose the Import Behavior

1. Set Import Behavior to one of the following:

l Add/Update
l Replace Existing Complex Data
l Delete Entities

2. Do the following:

a. Accept the default value of a comma (,) for the Field separator.

b. Accept the default value of a comma (,) for the Multiple value separator.

In a CSV file, a comma is the default separator. To use a different character, make sure that the
data in the CSV file matches the character that you specify.

Import Behavior

Step 3: Identify the Import File

1. Tap Choose File to select the file to import.

2. Find the CSV file that you prepared to import, and tap Open.

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3. If the import data includes paths to product images, enter one of the following in the Images
File Directory field:

l The path to the uploaded images on the Magento server. For example: var/import.
l The full URL to the images on another server. For example: http://domain.com/images

To learn more about importing product images, see: Importing Product Images.

File to Import

Step 4: Check the Import Data

1. In the upper-right corner, tap Check Data.

2. Then, wait a few moments for the validation process to complete. If the import data is valid,
the following message appears:

File is Valid!

3. If the file is valid, tap Import. Otherwise, correct each problem with the data that is listed in
the message, and try to import the file again.

4. The import process continues to the end of the data, unless an error is encountered.

If an error message appears in the Validation Results, correct the problem in the data, and
import the file again. For a list of known errors, see: Import Troubleshooting.

URLKey Already Exists

A message appears when the import is complete.

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Import Behavior
OPERATION DESCRIPTION
Add/Update New product data is added to the existing product data for the
existing entries in the database. All fields except sku can be updated.
New tax classes that are specified in the import data are created
automatically.
New product categories that are specified in the import file are
created automatically.
New SKUs that are specified in the import file are created
automatically

Replace Existing Complex The existing product data is replaced with new data.
Data
Exercise caution when replacing data because the existing product
data will be completely cleared and all references in the system will
be lost.

If a SKU in the import data matches the SKU of an existing entity, all
fields, including the SKU are deleted, and a new record is created
using the CSV data.
An error occurs if the CSV file references a SKU that does not exist
in the database. You can Check Data to display error.

Delete Entities Any entities in the import data that already exist in the database are
deleted from the database.
Delete ignores all columns in the import data, except for SKU. You
can disregard all other attributes in the data.
An error occurs if the CSV file references a SKU that does not exist
in the database. You can Check Data to display error.

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Import History
Maintains a record of data that has been imported into your store, including the start date and
time, user, execution time, and a link to the imported file.

To view the import history:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap System.

2. Under Data Transfer, choose Import History.

Import History

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Importing Product Images

Multiple product images of each type can be imported into Magento, and associated with a
specific product. The path and file name of each product image is entered in the CSV file, and
the image files to be imported are uploaded to the corresponding path on the Magento server or
external server.

Magento creates its own directory structure for product images that is organized alphabetically.
When you export product data with existing images to a CSV file, you can see the alphabetized
path before the file name of each image. However, when you import new images, you dont
need to specify a path, because Magento manages the directory structure automatically. Just
make sure to enter the relative path to the import directory before the file name of each image
to be imported.

To upload images, you must have login credentials and correct permissions to access to the
Magento folder on the server. With the correct credentials, you can use any SFTP utility to
upload the files from your desktop computer to the server.

Before you try to import a large amount of images, review the steps in the import method that
you want to use, and run through the process with a few products. After you understand how it
works, youll feel confident importing large quantities of images.

Important! We recommend that you use a program that supports UTF-8 encoding to edit CSV files,
such as Notepad++ or OpenOffice Calc. Microsoft Excel inserts additional characters into the
column header of the CSV file, which can prevent the data from being imported back into Magento.

Method 1: Import Images from the Local Server

1. On the Magento server, upload the image files to the pub/media/import folder. This is the
default folder for importing product images.

[magento installation folder]/pub/media/import

You can use a different folder on the Magento server, as long as the path to the folder is
specified during the import process.

2. In the CSV data, enter the name of each image file to be imported on the correct row, by sku,
and in the correct column according to image type (base_image, small_image, thumbnail_
image, or additional_images).

For images in the default import folder(/pub/media/import), do not include the path before the
filename in the CSV data.

The CSV file must include only the sku column and the related image columns.

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CSV Import Image from Default Location

3. Follow the instructions to import the data.

After selecting the file to import, enter the relative path following Images File Directory:

/pub/media/import

Images File Directory

If importing multiple images for a single sku, insert a blank row below the sku, and enter the
additional image file names in the appropriate columns. The additional rows are understood to
belong to the parent sku.

Method 2: Import Images from External Server

1. Upload the images to be imported to the designated folder on the external server.

2. In the CSV data, enter the full URL for each image file in the correct column by image type
(base_image, small_image, thumbnail_image, or additional_images).

http://example.com/images/image.jpg

3. Follow the instructions to import the data.

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Import Guidelines
New Entities
Entities are added with the attribute values specified in the CSV file.

If there is no value, or there is a non-valid value, for a required attribute with no default value
set, then the entity (the corresponding row or rows) cannot be imported.

If there is no value, or there is a non-valid value, for a required attribute with the default
value set, then the entity (the corresponding row or rows) is imported, and the default value
is set for the attribute.

If the complex data is not valid, then the entity (the corresponding row or rows) cannot be

imported.

Existing Entities
For attributes that are not complex data, the values from the import file, including the empty

values for the non-required attributes, replace the existing values.

If there is no value, or there is a non-valid value, for a required attribute, then the existing

value is not replaced.

If the complex data for the entity is invalid, the entity (the corresponding row or rows)

cannot be imported, except the case, when Delete Entities was selected in the Import

Behavior drop-down menu.

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Complex Data
If an attribute that is specified in the import file already exists, and its value is derived from a
defined set of values, the following applies:

If the value is not already included in the defined set of values, the row can be imported and

a default value, if defined, is set for the attribute.

If the value is already included in the defined set, the corresponding row cannot be

imported.

If an attribute name is specified in the import file but is not yet defined in the system, it is not
created, and its values are not imported.

Invalid Files
A file cannot be imported if all rows are invalid.

A non-existing service data or complex data name is specified in the import file, such as a

column with a _<non-existing name> heading.

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CHAPTER 76: Data Transfer Export

Export
The best way to become familiar with the structure of your database is to export the data and
open it in a spreadsheet. Once you become familiar with the process, youll find that it is an
efficient way to manage large amounts of information.

To export data:
1. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Data Transfer, choose Export.

2. In the Export Settings section, specify the following:

a. Set Entity Type to one of the following:

l Products
l Customers Main File
l Customer Addresses

b. Accept the default Export File Format of CSV.

Export Settings

3. The Entity Attributes section lists all the available attributes in alphabetical order. You can use
the standard list controls to search for specific attributes, and to sort the list. The Search and
Reset Filter controls control the display of the list, but have no effect on the selection of
attributes to be included in the export file.

Filtered Entity Attributes

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4. To filter the exported data based on attribute value, do the following:

l To export only records with specific attribute values, enter the required value in the Filter
column. The followng example exports only a specific SKU.

Export Product Based on SKU

l To omit an attribute from the export, mark the Exclude checkbox at the beginning of the
row. For example, to export only the sku and image columns, select the checkbox of every
other attribute. The column appears in the export file, but without any values.

Exclude Attributes

5. Scroll down and tap Continue in the lower-right corner of the page.

Look for the download prompt in the lower-right corner of your browser. The exported CSV file
can be saved or opened in a spreadsheet. You can edit the data and import it back into your
store.

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Export Criteria
Export filters are used to specify the data that you want to in the export file, based on attribute
value. In addition, you can specify which attribute data you want to include or exclude from
the export.

Export Criteria

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Export Filters
You can use filters to determine which SKUs are included in the export file. For example, if you
enter a value in the Country of Manufacture filter, the exported CSV file will incude only
products manufactured in that country.

The type of filter corresponds to the data type. For date fields, you can choose the date from the
Calendar . To learn more, see: Attribute Input Types. The format of the date is determined
by the locale.

To inlcude only records with a specific value, such as a sku, type the value into the Filter field.
Some fields such as Price, Weight, and Set Product as New have a from/to range of values.

Exclude Attributes
The checkbox in the first column is used to exclude attributes from the export file. If an
attribute is excluded, the associated column in the export data is included, but empty.

Export Criteria
EXCLUDE FILTER RESULT
No The exported file contains each attribute for all existing records.

Yes The export file contains each attribute with only the records allowed
by the filter.

No The export file does not include the column for the excluded
attribute, but does include all existing records.

Yes The export file does not include the column for the excluded
attribute, and contains only the records allowed by the filter.

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Product Attribute Reference

The following table lists the attributes from a typical product export, in the default order in
which they appear. Each attribute is represented in the CSV file as a column, and product
records are represented by rows. Columns that begin with an underscore contain service data
such as properties or option values for complex data.

The installation used to export this data has the sample data installed, and has two websites
and several store views. Although this list includes all columns that are typically exported, the
sku is the only required value. To import data, you can include only the columns with changes.
The sku should be the first column, but the order of the rest of the attributes doesnt matter.

Simple Product CSV File Structure

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION
sku (Required) The Stock-Keeping Unit is a unique,
alphanumeric identifier that is used to track inventory. A
SKU can be up to 64 characters in length. For example:
sku123

A SKU longer than 64 characters will cause import to

fail.

store_view_code Identifies the specific store view(s) where the product is

available. If blank, the product is available at the default
store view. For example: storeview1,english,spanish

attribute_set_code Assigns the product to a specific attribute set or product

template, according to product type. Once the product is
created, the attribute set cannot be changed. For
example:
default

product_type Indicates the type of product.Values:

simple Tangible items that are generally

sold as single units or in fixed
quantities.

grouped A group of separate products

that is sold as a set.

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Simple Product CSV File Structure (cont.)

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION

configurable A product with multiple options

that the customer must select
before making a purchase.
Inventory can be managed for
each set of variations because
they represent a separate
product with a distinct SKU. For
example, a combination of color
and size for a configurable
product is associated with a
specific SKU in the catalog.

virtual A non-tangible product that does

not require shipping and is not
kept in inventory. Examples
include services, memberships,
and subscriptions.

bundle A customizable product set of

simple products that are sold
together.

categories Indicates each category that is assigned to the product.

Separate categories and subcategories with a forward
slash. To indicate multiple category paths, separate each
path with a pipe | symbol. For example:
Default Category/Gear|Default Category/Gear/Bags

product_websites The website code of each website where the product is

available. A single product can be assigned to multiple
websites, or limited to one. If specifying multiple
websites, separate each with a comma and without a
space. For example:
base
base,website2

name The product name appears in all product listings, and is

the name that customers use to identify the product.

description The product description provides detailed information

about the product, and might include simple HTMLtags.

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Simple Product CSV File Structure (cont.)

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION
short_description The use of the short product description depends on the
theme. It might appear in product listings and is
sometimes used in RSS feed listings sent to shopping
sites.

weight The weight of the individual product. The actual product

weight is determined by the carrier at the time of
shipment.

product_online Determines if the product is available for sale in the

store. Values:

1 (Yes) The product is enabled, and

available for sale.

2 (No) The product is disabled, and is not

available for sale.

tax_class_name The name of the tax class that is associated with this
product.

visibility Determines if the product is visible in the catalog, and

made available for search. Values:

Not Visible The product is not included in

Individually product listings, although it might
be available as a variation of
another product.

Catalog The product appears in all

catalog listings.

Search The product is available for

search operations.

Catalog, Search The product is included in

catalog listings and is also
available for search.

price The price that the product is offered for sale in your store.

special_price The discounted price of the product during the specified

date range.

special_price_from_date The beginning date of the time period when the special
price is in effect.

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Simple Product CSV File Structure (cont.)

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION
special_price_to_date The last date of the time period when the special price is
in effect.

url_key The part of the URLthat identifies the product. The

default value is based on the product name. For example:
product-name

meta_title The meta title appears in the title bar and tab of the
browser and search results lists. The meta title should be
unique to the product, incorporate high-value keywords,
and be less than 70 characters in length.

meta_keywords Meta keywords are visible only to search engines, and

are ignored by some search engines. Choose high-value
keywords, separated by a comma. For example:
keyword1,keyword2,keyword3.

meta_description Meta descriptions provide a brief overview of the product

for search results listings. Ideally, a meta description
should be between 150-160 characters in length,
although the field accepts up to 255 characters.

base_image The relative path for the main image on the product page.
Magento stores files internally in an alphabetical folder
structure.You can see the exact location of each image
in the exported data. For example:
/sample_data/m/b/mb01-blue-0.jpg
To upload a new image or write over an existing image,
enter the file name, preceded by a forward slash. For
example: /image.jpg

base_image_label The label that is associated with the base image.

small_image The file name of the small image that is used on catalog
pages, preceded by a forward slash. For example:
/image.jpg

small_image_label The label associated with the small image. For example:
Small Image 1, Small Image 2

thumbnail_image The file names of any thumbnail image to appear in the

gallery on the product page, preceded by a forward slash.
For example:
/image.jpg

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Simple Product CSV File Structure (cont.)

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION
thumbnail_image_label The label associated with any thumbnail images. For
example:
Thumbnail 1, Thumbnail 2

created_at Indicates the date when the product was created. The
date is automatically generated when the product is
created, but can be edited later.

updated_at Indicates the date when the product was last updated.

new_from_date Specifies the from date for new product listings, and
determines if the product is featured as a new product.

new_to_date Specifies the to date for new product listings, and

determines if the product is featured as a new product.

display_product_options_in If the product has multiple options, determines where

they appear on the product page. Values:
Product Info Column
Block after Info Column

map_price The minimum advertised price of the product. (Appears

only if MAP is enabled.)

msrp_price The manufacturers suggested retail price for the product.

(Appears only if MAP is enabled.)

map_enabled Determines if Minimum Advertised Price is enabled in

the configuration. Values:

1 (Yes) MAP is enabled.

0 (or blank) (No) MAP is not enabled.

gift_message_available Determines if a gift message can be included with the

product purchase. Values:

1 (Yes) The option to include a gift

message is presented to the customer.

0 (or blank) (No) The option to include a gift

message is not presented to the
customer.

custom_design Lists the available themes that can be applied to the

product page.

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Simple Product CSV File Structure (cont.)

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION
custom_design_from Specifies the beginning date when the selected theme is
applied to the product page.

custom_design_to Specifies the end date when the selected theme is

applied to the product page.

custom_layout_update Additional XML code that is applied as a layout update to

the product page.

page_layout Determines the page layout of the product page. Values:

No layout updates No change is made to the page

layout.

1 column Applies a one- column layout to

the product page.

2 columns with left Applies a two-column layout with

bar a left sidebar to the product
page.

2 columns with Applies a two-column layout with

right bar a right sidebar to the product
page.

3 columns Applies a three-column layout to

the product page.

empty Applies a blank layout to the

product page.

product_options_container If the product has multiple options, determines where

they appear on the product page. Values:
Product Info Column
Block after Info Column

msrp_display_actual_price_type Determines where the actual price of a product is visible

to the customer.Values:

In Cart Displays the actual product price

in the shopping cart.

Before Order Displays the actual product price

Confirmation at the end of the checkout
process, just before the order is
confirmed.

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Simple Product CSV File Structure (cont.)

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION

On Gesture Displays the actual product price

in a popup when the customer
clicks the Click for price or
Whats this? link.

country_of_manufacture Identifies the country where the product was

manufactured.

additional_attributes Additional attributes created for the product. For

example:
has_options=0,required_options=0
color=Black,has_options=0,required_options=0,size_
general=XS

qty The quantity of the product that is currently in stock.

out_of_stock_qty The stock level that determines the product to be out of

stock.

use_config_min_qty Determines if the default value from the configuration is

used, and corresponds to the Use Config Settings
checkbox. Values:

1 (Yes) The default configuration setting

is used for the value of this attribute.

0 (or blank) (No) The default configuration can be

overridden for the value of this attribute.

is_qty_decimal Determines if the qty attribute has a decimal value.

Values:

1 (Yes) The value of the qty attribute is a

decimal value.

0 (or blank) (No) The value of the qty attribute is a

whole number (integer).

allow_backorders Determines if your store allows backorders, and how

they are managed.

use_config_backorders Determines if the default configuration setting for

backorders is used, and corresponds to the state of the
Use Config Settings checkbox. Values:

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Simple Product CSV File Structure (cont.)

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION

1 (Yes) The default configuration setting

is used for the value of this attribute.

0 (or blank) (No) The default configuration can be

overridden for the value of this attribute.

min_cart_qty Specifies the minimum quantity of the item that can be

purchased in a single order.

use_config_min_sale_qty Determines if the default configuration setting for

minimum quantity is used, and corresponds to the state
of the Use Config Settings checkbox.. Values:

1 (Yes) The default configuration setting

is used for the value of this attribute.

0 (or blank) (No) The default configuration can be

overridden for the value of this attribute.

max_cart_qty Specifies the maxinum quantity of the product that can

be purchased in a single order.

use_config_max_sale_qty Determines if the default configuration setting for

maximum quantity is used, and corresponds to the state
of the Use Config Settings checkbox.. Values:

1 (Yes) The default configuration setting

is used for the value of this attribute.

0 (or blank) (No) The default configuration can be

overridden for the value of this attribute.

is_in_stock Indicates if the product is in stock.

notify_on_stock_below Specifies the stock level that triggers an out of stock

notification.

use_config_notify_stock_qty Determines if the default configuration setting is used to

trigger stock level notification, and corresponds to the
state of the Use Config Settings checkbox. Values:

1 (Yes) The default configuration setting

is used for the value of this attribute.

0 (or blank) (No) The default configuration can be

overridden for the value of this attribute.

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Simple Product CSV File Structure (cont.)

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION
manage_stock Determines if inventory control is used to manage the
product. Values:

1 (Yes) Activates full inventory control to

manage stock levels of the product.

0 (or blank) (No) The system does not keep track of

the number of items that are currently in
stock.

use_config_manage_stock Determines if the default configuration setting for

managing stock is used, and corresponds to the state of
the Use Config Settings checkbox. Values:

1 (Yes) The default configuration setting

is used for the value of this attribute.

0 (or blank) (No) The default configuration can be

overridden for the value of this attribute.

use_config_qty_increments Determines if the default configuration setting for

quantity increments is used, and corresponds to the
state of the Use Config Settings checkbox.. Values:

1 (Yes) The default configuration setting

is used for the value of this attribute.

0 (or blank) (No) The default configuration can be

overridden for the value of this attribute.

qty_increments Determines if the product is sold in quantity increments.

Options: Yes / No

use_config_enable_qty_inc Determines if the default configuration setting to enable

quantity increments is used, and corresponds to the
state of the Use Config Settings checkbox. Values:

1 (Yes) The default configuration setting

is used for the value of this attribute.

0 (or blank) (No) The default configuration can be

overridden for the value of this attribute.

enable_qty_increments Determines if quantity increments are enabled for the

product.

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Simple Product CSV File Structure (cont.)

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION
is_decimal_divided Determines if parts of the product can be shipped
separately. Options: Yes / No

website_id For installations with multiple websites, identifies a

specific website where the product is available. If blank,
the product is available in all websites.

related_skus Lists the sku of each product that has been identified as
a Related Product. For example:
24-WG080,24-UG03,24-UG01,24-UG02

crosssell_skus Lists the sku of each product that has been identified as
a Cross-sell.

upsell_skus Lists the sku of each product that has been identified as
an Upsell.

additional_images The file names of any additional image to be associated

with the product, preceded by a forward slash. For
example:
/image.jpg

additional_image_labels The labels associated with any additional images. For

example:
Label 1, Label 2

custom_options Specifies the propererties and values assigned to each

custom option. For example:
name=Color,type=drop_down,required=1,price= price_
type=fixed, sku=,option_
title=Black|name=Color,type=drop_
down,required=1,price=, price_type=fixed,sku=,option_
title=White

SERVICE DATA FOR PRODUCT VARIATIONS

_super_products_sku The generated SKU for a configurable product variation.

For example: WB03-XS-Green
Applies to:
Configurable Products

_super_attribute_code The attribute code of a configurable product variation. For

example: color
Applies to:

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Simple Product CSV File Structure (cont.)

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION
Configurable Products

_super_attribute_option The value of a configurable product variation. For

example: green
Applies to:
Configurable Products

_super_attribute_price_corr A price adjustment that is associated with a configurable

product variation.
Applies to:
Configurable Products

_associated_sku The SKU of a product that is associated with a grouped

product.
Applies to:
Grouped Products
Bundle Products

_associated_default_qty Determines the quantity of the associated product that is

included. Applies to:
Configurable Products
Grouped Products
Bundle Products

_associated_position Determines the position of the associated product when

listed with other associated products. Applies to:
Configurable Products
Grouped Products
Bundle Products

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Complex Data
The term complex data1 refers to the data that is associated with multiple product options.
The following product types use data that originates from separate products to create product
variations and multiple options.

l Configurable
l Grouped
l Bundle

If you were to export a configurable product, you would find the standard attributes that make
up a simple product, plus the additional attributes that are needed to manage complex data.

Exported Configurable Product Data

Complex Data Attributes

ATTRIBUT
E DESCRIPTION

CONFIGURABLE PRODUCTS

configurabl Labels that identify product variations. For example:

e_ Choose Color:
variation_
Choose Size:
labels

configurabl Describes the values associated with a product variation. For example:
e_ sku=sku-red
variations xs,color=red,size=xs,price=10.99,display=1,image=/pub/media/import/image1.pn
g|sku=sku-red-
m,color=red,size=m,price=20.88,display=1,image=/pub/media/import/image2.pn
g

1Data that is associated with multiple product options.

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Complex Data Attributes (cont.)

ATTRIBUT
E DESCRIPTION

GROUPED PRODUCTS

associated_ Identifies the SKUs of the individual products that make up the group.
skus

BUNDLE PRODUCTS

bundle_ Determines if the price of a bundle item is fixed or dynamic.

price_type

bundle_sku_ Determines if each item is assigned a variable, dynamic SKU, or if a fixed SKU is
type used for the bundle. Options include: Fixed / Dynamic.

bundle_ Determines if the weight of a bundle item is variable or fixed.

weight_type

bundle_ Describes teach value associated with a bundle option. For example:
values name=Bundle Option One,type=dropdown; required=1, sku=sku-
option2,price=10, price_type=fixed

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Advanced Pricing
Advanced Price Import/Export allows you to quickly update pricing information for product
groups and tier prices. The process to import and export advanced price data is the same as
any other entity type. The sample CSV file contains tier and group prices for each product type
that supports advanced pricing. Making changes to advanced pricing does not affect the rest of
the product record.

Advanced Price Sample File

Advanced Pricing Attributes

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION
sku (Required) The Stock-Keeping Unit is a unique, alphanumeric
identifier that is used to track inventory. A SKU can be up to 64
characters in length. For example: sku123

A SKU longer than 64 characters will cause import to fail.

tier_price_website The website code identifies each website where tier pricing is
available. For example:
website1
All Websites [USD]

tier_price_customer_ Identifies the customers groups where tier pricing is available. For
group example:
ALL GROUPS
NOTLOGGEDIN
General
Wholesale
Retailer

tier_price_qty The quantity of the product that must be ordered to receive the tier
price discount.

tier_price The discounted tier price of the product. For bundle products, tier
price is calculated as a percentage.

group_price_website The website code of each website where group pricing is available. If
specifying multiple websites, separate each with a comma and
without a space. For example:
website1

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Advanced Pricing Attributes (cont.)

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION
All Websites [USD]

group_price_customer_ Identifies the customers groups where group pricing is available. For
group example:
NOTLOGGEDIN
General
Wholesale
Retailer

group_price The discounted group price of the product. For bundle products, group
price is calculated as a percentage.

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Customer Attribute Reference

The following tables list the attributes from a typical export of the Customers Main File and
Customer Addresses. The installation that was used to export this data has two websites and
several store views, with the sample data installed.

Each attribute, or field, is represented in the CSV file as a column, and customer records are
represented by rows. Columns that begin with an underscore are service entities that contain
properties or complex data.

Customers Main File

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION
email

_website

_store

confirmation

created_at

created_in

disable_auto_group_change

dob

firstname

gender

group_id

lastname

middlename

password_hash

prefix

rp_token

rp_token_created_at

store_id

suffix

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Customers Main File (cont.)

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION
taxvat

website_id

password

Customer Addresses
ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION
_website

_email

_entity_id

city

company

country_id

fax

firstname

lastname

middlename

postcode

prefix

region

region_id

street

suffix

telephone

vat_id

vat_is_valid

vat_request_date

vat_request_id

vat_request_success

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Customer Addresses (cont.)

ATTRIBUTE DESCRIPTION
_address_default_ Identifies the default billing address. A value of 1 indicates that the
billing_ address is the default billing address of the customer. Values: 1 / 0

_address_default_ Identifies the default shipping address. A value of 1 indicates that the
shipping_ address is the default shipping address of the customer. Values: 1 / 0

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Integrations
Establishes the location of OAuth credentials and redirect URL for third-party integrations, and
identifies the available API resources that are needed for the integration.

Integrations

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Onboarding Workflow
Authorize the integration. Go to the system/integration screen, find the relevant
integration, and authorize.

Verify and establish login. When prompted, accept the access requested. If redirected
to a third-party, log in to the system, or create a new account. After a successful login,
you return to the integration page.

Receive confirmation of authorized integration. The system sends notification that

the integration has been authorized successfully. After setting up an integration and
receiving the credentials, it is no longer necessary to make calls to access or request
tokens.

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To add a new integration:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Extensions, choose Integrations.

2. Enter the following Integration Info:

a. Enter the Name of the integration, and the contact Email address.

b. Enter the Callback URL where OAuth credentials can be sent when using OAuth for token
exchange. We strongly recommend using https://.

c. Enter the Identity Link URL to redirect the users to a third-party account with these
Magento integration credentials.

New Integration

3. In the panel on the left, choose API. Then, do the following:

a. Set Resource Access to one of the following:

l All
l Custom

b. For custom access, mark the checkbox of each resource that is needed:

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Resources Needed for Custom Access

4. When complete, tap Save.

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To change the APIguest access security setting:

By default, the system does not permit anonymous guest access to CMS, catalog, and other
store resources. If you need to change the setting, do the following:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Services, choose Magento Web API.

3. Expand the Web API Security Setting section.

Web API Security

4. Set Allow Anonymous Guest Access to Yes,

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

To learn more, see: Restricting access to anonymous web APIs in the Magentodeveloper
documentation.

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Magento Marketplace
Magento Marketplace is our next generation application store that offers merchants a curated
selection of solutions, and provides qualified developers the tools, platform, and prime location
to build a thriving business. To learn more, see the Magento Marketplace User Guide.For
extension installation instructions, see Component Manager in this guide, or the Marketplace
Quick Tour.

Magento Marketplace

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Magento Connect
Magento Connect is Magentos original marketplace for Magento extensions. There are
hundreds of extensions and themes available from all over the world. Magento out-of-the-box
supports a few of the most popular ones. However, community members are developing and
publishing new extensions in order to extend Magento with various new features.

Magento Connect

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 CHAPTER 78:

Permissions
Magento uses roles and permissions to create different levels of access to the Admin. When
your store is first set up, you receive a set of login credentials for the Administrator role that
has full permissions. However, you can restrict the level of permissions on a need to know
basis for other people who work on your site. For example, a designer can be given access to
only the Design tools, but not to areas with customer and order information.

In addition, you can further restrict Admin access to only a specific site, or set of sites and their
associated data. If you have multiple brands or business units with separate stores on the same
Magento installation, you can provide Admin access to each of your business units but hide
and protect their data from other Admin users.

If an Admin users access is restricted to specific websites and/or stores, the websites and stores
for which they are not authorized will either not be visible to them, or grayed-out as inactive.
Only the sales and other data for permitted websites and stores is shown.

All Users

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Adding Users
When your store is first installed, your login credentials give you full administrative access. As
a best practice, one of the first things you should do is to create another user account with full
Administrator permissions. That way, you can use one account for your everyday
Administrative activities, and reserve the other as a Super Admin account in case you forget
your regular credentials or they somehow become unusable.

If there are others on your team, or service providers who need access, you can create a separate
user account for each, and assign restricted access. To limit the websites or stores that admin
users can access when they log in, you must first create a role with limited scope and access to
resources. Then, you can assign the role to a specific user account. Admin users who are
assigned to a restricted role can see and change data only for websites or stores that are
associated with the role. They cannot make changes to any global settings or data.

Step 1: Create a New User

1. On the Admin sidebar tap System. Then under Permissions, choose All Users.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap Add New User.

3. In the Account Information section, do the following:

New User Account Information

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a. Enter the User Name for account.

The User Name should be easy to remember. It is not case-sensitive. For example, if your
user name is John, you can also log in as john.

b. Complete the following information:

l First Name
l Last Name
l Email address

This email address must be different from the one that is associated with your original
Admin account.

c. Assign a Password to the account.

An Admin password must be seven or more characters long, and include both letters and
numbers.

d. In the Password Confirmation box, repeat the password to make sure it was entered
correctly.

e. If your store has multiple languages, set Interface Locale to the language to be used for
the Admin interface.

4. Set This Account is to Active.

5. Under Current User Identity Verification, enter Your Password.

Current User Identity Verification

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Step 2: Define the Role

1. In the panel on the left, choose User Role. The grid lists all the existing roles. For a new store,
Administrators is the only role available.

2. In the Assigned column, select the Administrators option.

3. Tap Save User.

You now have two accounts with Administrator access.

Add New User Role

Admin Password Requirements

FIELD DESCRIPTION
Password An Admin password must be seven or more characters long, and
include both letters and numbers. For additional password options,
see: Configuring Admin Security.

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Locked Users
For the security of your business, user accounts are locked by default after six failed attempts to
log in to the Admin. Any user account that is currently locked appears in the Locked Users
grid. An account can be unlocked by any other user with full Administrator permissions.

Additional password security measures can be implemented in the Advanced Admin

configuration. To learn more, see: Configuring Admin Security.

Admin Account Disabled

To unlock an admin account:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Permissions, choose Locked Users.

2. In the grid, mark the checkbox of the locked account.

Locked Users

3. In the upper-left corner, set the Actions control to Unlock.

4. Tap Submit to unlock the account.

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User Roles
To give someone restricted access to the Admin, the first step is to create a role that has the
appropriate level of permissions. After the role is saved, you can add new users and assign the
restricted role to grant them limited access to the Admin.

Roles

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Step 1: Define the Role

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Permissions, choose User Roles.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap Add New Role.

3. Under Role Information, enter a descriptive Role Name. Then under Current User Identity
Verification, enter Your Password.

Role Name

Step 2:Assign Resources

Important! When assigning resources, be sure to disable access to the Permissions tool if you are
limiting access for a given role. Otherwise, users will be able to modify their own permissions.

1. Set Role Scopes to one of the following:

l All
l Custom

If set to Custom for a multisite installation, mark the checkbox of the website and store where
the role is to be used.

Custom Role Scope

2. Under Roles Resources, set Resource Access to Custom.

3. In the tree, mark the checkbox of each Admin Resource that the role can access.

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Role Resources Assigned

4. When complete, tap Save Role.

The role now appears in the grid, and can be assigned to new user accounts.

To edit a role:

1. In the Roles grid, and tap the row to open the record in edit mode.

2. Under Current User Identity Verification, enter Your Password.

Editing a Role

3. In the panel on the left, choose Role Users.

The Role Users option appears only after a new role is saved.

4. To search for a specific user record, do the following:

a. Enter the value in the search filter at the top of a column. Then, press Enter.

b. When you are ready to return to the full list, click Reset Filter.

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5. Mark the checkbox of any user(s) to be assigned to the role.

6. Tap Save Role.

Role Users

Alternate Media Storage

Magento Community Edition 2.1 gives you the option to store media files in a database on a
database server, or on a Content Delivery Network (CDN), as opposed to storing them on the
file system of the web server. The advantage of using alternate storage is that it minimizes the
effort required to synchronize media when multiple instances of the system that are deployed
on different servers that need access to the same images, CSS files, and other media files.

l Database
l Content Delivery Network (CDN)

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Using a Database
By default, all images, compiled CSS files, and compiled JavaScript files of the Magento
instance are stored in the file system on the web server. You can choose to store these files in a
database on a database server. One advantage of this approach is the option of automatic
synchronization and reverse synchronization between the web server file system and the
database. You can use the default database to store media or create a new one. To be able to use
a newly created database as media storage, you must add information about it and its access
credentials to the local.xml file.

Database Workflow
Browser requests media. A page from the store opens in the customers browser, and
the browser requests the media that is specified in the HTML.

System looks for media in file system. The system searches for the media in the file
system and if found, passes it to the browser.

System locates media in database. If the media is not found in the file system, a
request for the media is sent to the database that is specified in the configuration.

System locates media in database. A PHP script transfers the files from the database
to the file system, and sent to the customers browser. The browser request for media
triggers the script to run as follows:

l If web server rewrites are enabled for Magento and supported by the server, the PHP
script runs only when the requested media is not found in the file system.

l If web server rewrites are disabled for Magento, or not supported by the server, the
PHP script runs anyway, even if the required media is available in the file system.

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To use a database for media storage:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Advanced, choose System.

3. In the upper-left corner set Store View to Default Config, to apply the configuration at the
global level.

4. Expand the Storage Configuration for Media section. Then, do the following:

Storage Configuration for Media (Database)

a. Set Media Storage to Database.

b. Set Select Media Database to the database you want to use.

c. Tap Synchronize to transfer the existing media to the newly selected database.

d. Enter the Environment Update Time in seconds.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Using a Content Delivery Network

Storing media files in a CDN is another alternative supported in Magento. There is no full
integration with a specific CDN, and you are responsible for choosing and configuring a CDN
on your own.

After configuring the CDN, you must complete the configuration from the Admin. The changes
can be made at either the global or website level. When a CDN is used for media storage, all
paths to media on store pages are changed to the CDN paths that are specified in the
configuration.

CDN Workflow
Browser requests media. A page from the store opens in the customers browser, and
the browser requests the media that is specified in the HTML.

Request sent to CDN; images found and served. The request is sent first to the
CDN. If the CDN has the images in storage, it serves the media files to the customer's
browser.

Media not found, request sent to Magento web server. If the CDN doesnt have the
media files, the request is sent to the Magento web server. If the media files are found in
the file system, the web server sends them to the customers browser.

Important! For security, when a CDN is used as media storage, JavaScript may not function
properly if the CDN is located outside of your subdomain.

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To configure a content delivery network:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose Web.

3. In the upper-left corner, set Store View as needed.

4. Expand the Base URLs section. Then, do the following:

Base URLs

a. Update the Base URL for Static View Files with the URL of the location on the CDN
where static view files are stored.

b. Update the Base URL for User Media Files with the URL of the JavaScript files on the
CDN.

Both these fields can be left blank, or can start with the placeholder: {{unsecure_base_
url}}

5. Expand the Base URLs (Secure) section.

Base URLs (Secure)

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a. Update the Secure Base URL for Static View Files with the URL of the location on the
CDN where static view files are stored.

b. Update the Secure Base URL for User Media Files with the URL of the JavaScript files on
the CDN.

Both these fields can be left blank, or can start with the placeholder: {{unsecure_base_
url}}

6. When complete,tap Save Config.

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Security
In this section of the guide, you will learn security best practices, how to manage Admin
sessions and credentials, implement CAPTCHA, and manage website restrictions.

l Security Best Practices

l Configuring Admin Security
l CAPTCHA
l Encryption Key
l Browser Capabilities Detection
l Action Log

Stop by the Security Center and sign up for the Security Alert Registry to receive the latest
information on potential vulnerabilities and best practices.

Security Center

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Security Best Practices

All eCommerce sites are attractive targets to hackers because of the personal and payment
information that is required to complete a sale. Even if the system does not directly process
credit card transactions, a compromised site might reroute customers to a false page, or alter
an order before it is transmitted to the payment processor.

A compromised site can have long-term consequences for both customers and merchants.
Customers might suffer financial loss and identify theft, while merchants can face damage to
their reputations, loss of merchandise, higher processing fees, revoked privileges with financial
institutions, and the threat of lawsuits.

This guide outlines a multifaceted approach to improve the security of your Magento
installation. Although there is no single way to eliminate all security risks, there are many
things that you can do to make your site a less attractive target. It is crucial for hosting
providers, system integrators, and merchants to work together to establish and maintain a
secure environment, implement methods for early detection, and determine a plan of action in
the event of a breach.

Start Right
Work with reliable hosting providers and solution integrators. When evaluating their
qualifications, ask about their approach to security. Verify that they have a secure software
development life cycle in accord with industry standards such as The Open Web Application
Security Project (OWASP), and that they test their code for security issues.

If you are starting a new site, consider launching the entire site over HTTPs. Taking the lead on
this issue, Google now uses HTTPs as a ranking factor.

For an existing installation, plan to upgrade the entire site to run over to a securely encrypted,
HTTPs channel. Although you will need to create redirects from HTTP to HTTPs, the effort will
future-proof your site. We recommend that you plan to make this change sooner, rather than
later.

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Protect the Environment

Protecting the environment is the most critical aspect of ensuring the security of your store.
Keep all software on the server up to date, and apply security patches as recommended. This
applies not only to Magento, but to any other software that is installed on the server, including
database software and other websites that use the same server. Any system is only as secure as
the weakest link.

Server Environment
Make sure that the server operating system is secure. Work with your hosting provider to
ensure that there is no unnecessary software running on the server.

Use only secure communications protocol (SSH/SFTP/HTTPS) to manage files, and

disable FTP.

Magento includes .htaccess files to protect system files when using the Apache web
server. If you use a different web server such as Nginx, make sure that all system
files and directories are protected. For an sample Nginx configuration, see: magento-
nginx.conf on GitHub.

Use strong and unique passwords, and change them periodically.

Keep the system up to date, and immediately install patches when new security issues
are discovered.

Closely monitor any issues that are reported for software components used by your
Magento installation, including the operating system, MySQL database, PHP, Redis (if
used), Apache or Nginx, Memcached, Solr, and any other components in your specific
configuration.

Limit access to cron.php file to only required users. For example, restrict access by IP
address. If possible, block access completely and execute the command using the
system cron scheduler.

Advanced Techniques
Automate the deployment process, if possible, and use private keys for data transfer.

Limit access to the Magento Admin by updating the whitelist with the IP address of each
computer that is authorized to use the Admin and Magento Connect downloader. For
examples of how to whitelist IP addresses, see: Secure Your Magento Admin.

Do not install extensions directly on a production server.

To disable the Magento Connect downloader on the production site, either remove or
block access to the /downloader directory. You can also use the same whitelisting
methods.

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Advanced Techniques (cont.)

Use two-factor authorization for Admin logins. There are several extensions available that
provide additional security by requiring an additional passcode that is generated on your
phone, or a token from a special device.

Review your server for development leftovers. Make sure there are no accessible log
files, publicly visible .git directories, tunnels to execute SQL, database dumps, phpinfo
files,or any other unprotected files that are not required, and that might be used in an
attack.

Limit outgoing connections to only those that are required, such as for a payment
integration.

Use a Web Application Firewall to analyze traffic and discover suspicious patterns, such
as credit card information being sent to an attacker.

Server Applications
Make sure that all applications running on the server are secure.

Avoid running other software on the same server as Magento, especially if it is accessible
from the Internet. Vulnerabilities in blog applications such as Wordpress can expose
private information from Magento. Install such software on a separate server or virtual
machine.

Keep all software up to date, and apply patches as recommended.

Admin Desktop Environment

Make sure that the computer that is used to access the Magento Admin is secure.

Keep your antivirus software up to date, and use a malware scanner. Do not install any
unknown programs, or click suspicious links.

Use a strong password to log in to the computer, and change it periodically. Use a
password manager such as LasstPass, 1Password, or Dashlane to create and manage
secure, unique passwords.

Do not save FTP passwords in FTP programs, because they are often harvested by
malware and used to infect servers.

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Protect Magento
Your effort to protect your Magento installation starts with the initial setup, and continues
with the security-related configuration settings, password management, and ongoing
maintenance.

Your Magento Installation

Use the latest version of Magento to ensure that your installation includes the most
recent security enhancements.
If for any reason you cannot upgrade to the latest version, make sure to install all security
patches as recommended by Magento. Although Magento issues security patches to fix
major issues, new product releases include additional improvements to help secure the
site.

Use a unique, custom Admin URL instead of the default admin or the often-used
backend, Although it will not directly protect your site from a determined attacker, it can
reduce exposure to scripts that try to break into every Magento site. (Never leave your
valuables in plain sight.)

Check with your hosting provider before implementing a custom Admin URL. Some
hosting providers require a standard URL to meet firewall protection rules.

Block access to any development, staging, or testing systems. Use IP whitelisting and
.htaccess password protection. When compromised, such systems can produce a data
leak or be used to attack the production system.

Use the correct file permissions. Core Magento and directory files should be set to ready
only, including app/etc/local.xml files.

Use a strong password for the Magento Admin. To learn more, see: Creating a strong
password.

Take advantage of Magentos security-related configuration settings for Admin Security,

Password Options, and CAPTCHA.

Dont be Taken for a Ride

Install extensions only from trusted sources. Never use paid extensions that are
published on torrent or other sites. If possible, review extensions for security issues
before installing them.

Do not click suspicious links, or open suspicious email.

Do not disclose the password to your server or to the Magento Admin, unless you are
required to do so.

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Be Prepared!

Develop a disaster recovery/business continuity plan. Even a basic plan will help you get
back on track in the event of a problem.

Ensure that your server and database are automatically backed up to external location. A
typical setup requires daily incremental backups, with a full backup on a weekly basis.
Make sure to test the backup regularly to verify that it can be restored.

For a large site, simple text file dumps of the database take an unacceptable amount of
time to restore. Work with your hosting provider to deploy a professional database backup
solution.

Monitor for Signs of Attack

If your system is not immediately patched after a major security breach, there is a high
probability that your site is already compromised. Complete a security review periodically to
check for signs of attack, and also when contacted by customers with security-related concerns.

Security Review
Check periodically for unauthorized Admin users.

(Magento Enterprise only) Check the Admin Actions Log for suspicious activity.

Use automated log review tools such as Apache Scalp.

Work with your hosting provider to review server logs for suspicious activity, and to
implement an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) on your network.

Use a file and data integrity checking tool such as TripWire to receive notification of any
potential malware installation.

Monitor all system logins (FTP, SSH) for unexpected activity, uploads, or commands.

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Follow Your Disaster Recovery Plan

In the event of a compromise, work with your internal IT security team if available, or hosting
provider, and system integrator to determine the scope of the attack. Taking into consideration
the type of compromise and the size of the store. Then, adjust the following recommendations
to your business needs.

1. Block access to the site, so the attacker cannot remove evidence or steal more information.

2. Backup the current site, which will include evidence of the installed malware or compromised
files.

3. Try to determine the scope of the attack. Was credit card information accessed? What
information was stolen? How much time has elapsed since the compromise? Was the
information encrypted? Typically you can expect the following types of attack:

Defacing of Site Site access is compromised, but often the payments information
is not. User accounts might be compromised.

Botnetting Your site becomes part of a botnet that sends spam email.
Although data is probably not compromised, your server is
blacklisted by spam filters which prevents email that you send to
customers from being delivered.

Direct Attack on Server Data is compromised, backdoors and malware are installed, and
the site no longer works. Payment informationprovided that it
is not stored on the server is probably safe.

Silent Card Capture In this most disastrous attack, intruders install hidden malware
or card capture software, or possibly modify the checkout process
to collect and send out credit card data. Such attacks can go
unnoticed for extended periods of time, and result in major
compromise of customer accounts and financial information.

4. Try to find the attack vector to determine how the site was compromised, and when. Review
server log files and file changes. Note that sometimes there are multiple different attacks on the
same system.

5. If possible, wipe and reinstall everything. In case of virtual hosting, create a new instance.
Malware might be hidden in an unsuspected location, just waiting to restore itself. Remove all
unnecessary files. Then, reinstall all required files from a known, clean source such as files from
your own version control system, or the original distribution files from magento.com.

6. Apply all the latest security patches necessary.

7. Reset all credentials, including the database, file access, payment and shipping integrations,
web services, and Admin login.

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8. If payment information was compromised, it might be necessary to inform your payment

processor.

9. Inform your customers about the attack and the type of information affected. If payment
information was compromised, they should look for unauthorized transactions. If personal
information, including email addresses was compromised, they might be targeted with
phishing attacks or spam.

Acknowledgments
Parts of this article were inspired by real-world solutions that were shared by community
members. The resulting article incorporates content from the community, with input from our
team.

l Bryan (BJ) Hoffpauir for sharing his insight on the Magento forum, and for contributing
recommendations in the Attack Response Plan section of this article. See the original post by
beejhuff for more information.
l Anna Vlkl (@rescueann), Magento developer at LimeSoda.
l Robert Mangiafico (@robfico) CTO at LexiConn.
l @dracony_gimp for his security presentation, Being Hacked is Not Fun.
l Willem de Groot for providing a sample Nginx configuration.

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Configuring Admin Security

Magento recommends that you take a multifaceted approach to protect the security of your
store. You can begin by using a custom Admin URL that is not easy to ascertain, rather than
the obvious Adminor Backend. .As a best practice, use only strong Admin passwords that
include a combination of letters, numbers, and symbols. For increased security, consider
implementing two-factor authentication that generates a token on a separate device. To learn
more, see the selection of security-related extensions on Magento Marketplace.

The Admin security configuration gives you the ability to add a secret key to URLs, require
passwords to be case sensitive, and to limit the length of Admin sessions, the lifetime of
passwords, and the number of login attempts that can be made before the Admin user account
is locked. For increased security, you can configure the length of keyboard inactivity before the
current session expires, and require the user name and password to be case-sensitive. For
additional security, the Admin login can be configured to require a CAPTCHA.

Security

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To configure Admin security:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose Admin.

3. Expand the Security section. Then, do the following:

a. To prevent Admin users from logging in from the same account on different devices, set
Admin Account Sharing to "No."

b. To determine the method that is used to manage password reset requests, set Password
Reset Protection Type to one of the following:

By IP and Email The password can be reset online after a response is received from the
notification is sent to the email address associated with the Admin
account.

By IP The password can be reset online without additional confirmation.

By Email The password can be reset only by responding by email to the

notification that is sent to the email address associated with the Admin
account.

None The password can be reset only by the store administrator.

c. In the Recovery Link Expiration Period (hours) field, enter the number of hours a
password recovery link remains valid.

d. To determine the maximum number of password requests that can be submitted per hour,
enter the Max Number of Password Reset Requests.

e. In the Min Time Between Password Reset Requests field, enter the minimum number of
minutes that must pass between password reset requests.

f. To append a secret key to the Admin URL as a precaution against exploits, set Add Secret
Key to URLs to Yes. This setting is enabled by default.

g. To require that the use of upper- and lowercase characters in any login credentials entered
match what is stored in the system, set Login is Case Sensitive to Yes.

h. To determine the length of an Admin session before it times out, enter the duration of the
session in seconds, in the Admin Session Lifetime (seconds) field. The value must be 60
seconds or greater.

i. In the Maximum Login Failures to Lockout Account field, enter the number of times a
user can try to log in to the Admin before the account is locked. By default, six attempts
are allowed . Leave the field empty for unlimited login attempts.

j. In the Lockout Time (minutes) field, enter the number of minutes that an Admin account
is locked when the maximum number of attempts is met.

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k. To limit the lifetime of Admin passwords, enter the number of days a password is valid in
the Password Lifetime (days) field. /For an unlimited lifetime, leave the field blank.

l. Set Password Change to one of the following:

Forced Requires that Admin users change their passwords after the account is
set up.

Recommended Recommends that Admin users change their passwords after account is
set up.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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CAPTCHA
A CAPTCHA is a visual device that ensures that a human being, rather than a computer, is
interacting with the site. CAPTCHA is an acronym for Completely Automated Public Turing
test to tell Computers and Humans Apart, and can be used for both Admin and customer
account logins.

You can reload the CAPTCHA as many times as is necessary by clicking the Reload icon in the
upper-right corner of the image. The CAPTCHA is fully configurable and can be set appear
every time, or only after a number of failed login attempts.

Customer Login with CAPTCHA

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Admin CAPTCHA
For an extra level of security, you can add a CAPTCHA to the Admin SignIn and Forgot
Password page. Administrator users can reload the displayed CAPTCHA by clicking the Reload
icon in the upper-right corner of the image. The number of reloads is unlimited.

Admin Sign In with CAPTCHA

To configure an Admin CAPTCHA:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Advanced, choose Admin.

3. In the upper-right corner, set Store View to Default.

4. Expand the CAPTCHA section, and do the following:

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Admin CAPTCHA Configuration

a. Set Enable CAPTCHA in Admin to Yes.

b. Enter the name of the Font to be used for the CAPTCHAsymbols. Default font:
LinLibertine

To add your own font, the font file must reside in the same directory as your Magento
instance, and be declared in the config.xml file of the Captcha module at:
app/code/Magento/Captcha/etc

c. Select the Forms where the CAPTCHA is to be used:

l Admin Login
l Admin Forgot Password

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d. Set Displaying Mode to one of the following:

Always CAPTCHA is always required to log in the Admin.

After number of attempts When selected displays the Number of Unsuccessful

to login Attempts to Login field. Enter the number of login attempts
allowed. A value of 0 (zero) is similar to setting Displaying
Mode to Always. This option does not cover the Forgot
Password form. If CAPTCHA is enabled and set to be appear
on this form, then it is always included on the form.

e. Enter the Number of Unsuccessful Attempts to Login before the CAPTCHA appears. If
set to zero, the CAPTCHAis always used.

f. In the CAPTCHA Timeout (minutes) field, enter the number of minutes before the
CAPTCHAexpires. When the CAPTCHAexpires, the user must reload the page.

g. Enter the Number of Symbols used in the CAPTCHA, up to eight. For a variable number
of symbols that changes with each CAPTCHA, enter a range, such as 5-8.

h. In the Symbols Used in CAPTCHA field, specify the symbols that can be used in the
CAPTCHA. Only letters (a-z and A-Z) and numbers (0-9) are allowed. The default set of
characters does not include similar symbols such as I or 1. For best results, use symbols
that users can readily identify.

i. To require that users enter the characters exactly as shown set Case Sensitive to Yes.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Customer CAPTCHA
Customers can be required to enter a CAPTCHA each time they log in to their accounts, or after
several unsuccessful attempts to log in. CAPTCHA can be used for the following forms in the
storefront:

l Create User
l Login
l Forgot Password
l Checkout as Guest
l RegisterDuring Checkout
l Contact Us

Customer CAPTCHA Configuration

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To configure a Storefront CAPTCHA:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left, under Customers, choose Customer Configuration.

3. Expand the CAPTCHA section, and do the following:

a. Set Enable CAPTCHA on Frontend to Yes.

b. Enter the name of the Font to be used for the CAPTCHAsymbols.

To add your own font, the font file must reside in the same directory as your Magento
instance, and be declared in the config.xml file of the CAPTCHA module.

c. Choose one of the following Forms where CAPTCHA is to be used.

l Create User
l Login
l Forgot Password
l Checkout as Guest
l Register during Checkout

d. Set Displaying Mode to one of the following:

Always CAPTCHA is always required to access the selected form(s).

After number Enter the number of login attempts before the CAPTCHAappears. A
of attempts value of 0 (zero) is similar to Always. When selected, the number of
to login unsuccessful login attempts appears.
This option does not apply to the Forgot Password form, which always
display the CAPTCHA, if enabled,

e. Enter the Number of Unsuccessful Attempts to Login before the CAPTCHA appears. If
set to zero, the CAPTCHAis always used.

f. In the CAPTCHA Timeout (minutes) field, enter the number of minutes before the
CAPTCHAexpires. When the CAPTCHAexpires, the user must reload the page to generate
a new CAPTCHA.

g. Enter the Number of Symbols in the CAPTCHA, up to eight. For a variable number of
symbols that change with each CAPTCHA, enter a range such as 5-8.

h. In the Symbols Used in CAPTCHA field, specify the symbols that can be used in the
CAPTCHA. Only letters (a-z and A-Z) and numbers (0-9) are allowed. The default set of
characters does not include similar symbols such as I or 1. For best results, use symbols
that users can readily identify.

i. To require that the user enter the upper-and lowercase characters exactly as shown set
Case Sensitive to Yes.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Encryption Key
The encryption key is used to protect passwords and other sensitive data. During the Magento
setup, you have the option to generate an encryption key, or use an another.

Encryption Key

To change the encryption key:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Other Settings, choose Manage Encryption
Key.

2. Set Auto-generate Key to Yes.

3. Tap Change Encryption Key.

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Session Validation
Magento Community 2.1 allows you to validate session variables as a protective measure
against possible session fixation attacks, or attempts to poison or hijack user sessions. The
Session Validation Settings determine how session variables are validated during each store
visit, and if the session IDis included in the URLof the store.

Session Validation Settings

The validation checks to see that visitors are who they say they are by comparing the value in
the validation variables against the session data that is already stored in $_SESSION data for
the user. Validation fails if the information is not transmitted as expected, and the
corresponding variable is empty. Depending on the session validation settings, if a session
variable fails the validation process, the client session immediately terminates.

Enabling all of the validation variables can help prevent attacks, but might also impact the
performance of the server. By default, all session variable validation is disabled. We recommend
that you experiment with the settings to find the best combination for your Magento
installation. Activating all of the validation variables might prove to be unduly restrictive, and
prevent access to customers who have Internet connections that pass through a proxy server, or
that originate from behind a firewall. To learn more about session variables and their use, see
the system administration documentation for your Linux system.

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To configure the Session Validation Settings:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose Web.

3. Expand the Session Validation Settings section. Then, do the following:

a. To verify that the IP address of a request matches what is stored in the $_SESSION
variable, set Validate REMOTE_ADDR to Yes.

b. To verify that the proxy address of an incoming request matches what is stored in the $_
SESSION variable, set Validate HTTP_VIA to Yes.

c. To verify that the forwarded-for address of a request matches what is stored in the $_
SESSION variable, set Validate HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR to Yes.

d. To verify that the browser or device that is used to access the store during a session
matches what is stored in the $_SESSION variable, set Validate HTTP_USER_AGENT to
Yes.

e. If you want a user to stay logged in while switching between stores, set Use SID on
Frontend to Yes.

If including SID with analytics, you must configure your analytics software to filter the SID
from URLs, so the page visit counts are correct.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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CHAPTER 79: Security Browser Capabilities Detection

Browser Capabilities Detection

As is true of most websites and applications on the Internet, Magento requires that the visitors
browser allow both cookies and JavaScript for full operations. However, occasionally a users
browser is set to the highest privacy setting that prevents both cookies and JavaScript. Your
store can be configured to test the capabilities of each visitors browser, and to display a notice
if the settings need to be changed.

l If the browsers privacy settings disallow cookies, you can configure the system to
automatically redirect them to the Enable Cookies page, which explains how to make the
recommended settings with most browsers.
l If the browsers privacy settings disallow JavaScript, you can configure the system to display
the following message above the header of every page:

To configure browser capabilities detection:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under General, choose Web.

3. Expand the Browser Capabilities Detection section, and do the following:

a. To display instructions that explain how to configure the browser to allow cookies, set
Redirect to CMS-page if Cookies are Disabled to Yes.

b. To display a banner above the header when JavaScript is disabled in the users browser, set
Show Notice if JavaScript is Disabled to Yes.

Browser Capabilities Detection

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Action Log
The Action Log tracks the activities of administrators who work in your store. For most events,
the available information includes the action, the name of the user who performed it, whether it
was a success or failure, and the ID of the object on which the action was performed.
Additionally the IP and date are always logged.

Admin Actions Logging

To configure the Action Log:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose Admin.

3. Expand the Admin Actions Logging section, and do the following:

l To enable admin logging, mark the checkbox.

l To disable admin logging, clear the checkbox.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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 CHAPTER 80:

Tools
In this section of the guide, you will learn how to perform routine index and cache
management operations, back up the system, and use tools that help our Support team
troubleshoot and resolve issues.

l Cache Management
l Index Management
l Backups
l Cron (Scheduled Backups)
l Developer Tools
l Alternate Media Storage
l Web Setup Wizard

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Cache Management
Magentos cache management system is an easy way to improve the performance of your site.
Whenever a cache needs to be refreshed, a notice appears at the top of the workspace to guide
you through the process. Follow the link to Cache Management, and refresh the invalid caches.

Update Cache Message

The Cache Management page shows the status of each primary cache and its associated tag.
The large buttons in the upper-right corner can be used to flush the Magento Cache, or the all-
inclusive Cache Storage. At the bottom of the page there are additional buttons to flush the
catalog product images cache and JavaScript/CSS cache. After clearing a cache, always refresh
your browser to make sure that you can see the most recent files.

Cache Management

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To refresh specific caches:

1. Do one of the following:

l Click the Cache Management link in the message above the workspace.
l On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Tools, choose CacheManagement.

2. For each cache to be refreshed, mark the checkbox at the beginning of the row.

3. Set Actions to Refresh, and tap Submit.

To perform mass actions:

1. To select a group of caches, set Mass Actions to one of the following:

l Select All
l Select Visible

2. Mark the checkbox of each cache to be targeted by the action.

3. Set Actions to Refresh, and tap Submit.

To flush the product image cache:

1. From the Cache Storage Management page, under Additional Cache Management, click Flush
Catalog Images Cache to clear pre-generated product image files.

The message, Image cache was cleaned appears at the top of the workspace.

2. Make sure to also clear the cache of your browser.

To flush the JavaScript/CSS cache:

1. From the Cache Storage Management page, under Additional Cache Management, click Flush
JavaScript/CSS Cache to clear any JavaScript and CSSfiles that have been merged into a
single file.

The message, The JavaScript/CSS cache has been cleaned appears at the top of the
workspace.

2. Make sure to also clear the cache of your browser.

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Control Descriptions
CONTROL DESCRIPTION
Mass Actions Marks the checkbox of multiple caches. Options include:

Select All Marks the checkbox of all caches.

Unselect All Clears the checkbox of all caches.

Select Visible Marks the checkbox of all visible caches.

Unselect Visible Clears the checkbox of all visible caches.

Actions Determines the action to be applied to all selected caches. Options

include:

Enable Enables all selected caches.

Disable Disables all selected caches.

Refresh Refreshes all selected caches.

Submit Applies the action to all selected caches.

Button Descriptions
BUTTON DESCRIPTION

Flush Magento Cache Removes all items in the default Magento cache (var/cache),
according to their associated Magento tags.

Flush Cache Storage Removes all items from the cache, regardless of Magento tag. If your
system uses an alternate cache location, any cached files used by
other applications are removed in the process.

Flush Catalog Images Removes all automatically resized and watermarked catalog images
Cache that are stored at: media/catalog/product/cache.
If recently uploaded images aren't reflected in the catalog, try flushing
the catalog and refreshing your browser.

Flush JavaScript/CSS Removes the merged copy of JavaScript and CSS files from the
Cache cache. If recent changes to the style sheet or JavaScript aren't
reflected in the store, try flushing the JavaScript/CSS cache and
refreshing your browser.

Flush Static Files Cache Removes preprocessed view files and static files.

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Cache Descriptions
CACHE DESCRIPTION
Configuration Various XML configurations that were collected across modules and
merged. Associated Tag: CONFIG

System: config.xml
local.xml

Module: config.xml

Layouts Layout building instructions.

Associated Tag: LAYOUT_GENERAL_CACHE_TAG

Blocks HTML output Page blocks HTML. Associated Tag: BLOCK_HTML

Collections Data Collection data files. Associated Tag: COLLECTION_DATA

Database DDL operations Results of DDL queries, such as describing tables or indexes.
Associated Tag: DB_DDL

EAV types and attributes Entity types declaration cache. Associated Tag: EAV

Page Cache Full page caching. Associated Tag: FPC

Integrations Configuration Integration configuration file. Associated Tag: INTEGRATION

Integrations API Integrations API configuration file.

Configuration Associated Tag: INTEGRATION_API_CONFIG

Target Rule The target rule index.

Associated Tag: IARGET_RULE

Translations Translation files. Associated Tag: TRANSLATE

Web Services REST and SOAP configurations, generated WSDL file.

Configuration Associated Tag: WEBSERVICE

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Full-Page Cache
Magento Community Edition 2.1 uses full-page caching on the server to quickly display
category, product, and CMS pages. Full-page caching improves response time and reduces the
load on the server. Without caching, each page might need to run blocks of code and retrieve
information from the database. However, with full-page caching enabled, a fully-generated page
can be read directly from the cache. For more technical information, see: Configure and Use
Varnish

We recommend Varnish to be used only in a production environment.

Cached content can be used to process the requests from similar types of visits. As a result,
pages shown to a casual visitor might differ from those shown to a customer. For the purposes
of caching, each visit is one of three types:

Non-sessioned During a non-sessioned visit, a shopper views pages, but does not
interact with the store. The system caches the content of each page
viewed, and serves them to other non-sessioned shoppers.

Sessioned During a sessioned visit, shoppers who interact with the storethrough
activities such as comparing products or adding products to the
shopping cartare assigned a session ID. Cached pages that are
generated during the session are used only by that shopper during the
session.

Customer Customer sessions are created for those who have registered for an
account with your store and shop while logged in to their accounts.
During the session, customers can be presented with special offers,
promotions, and prices that are based on the customer group to which
they are assigned.

To configure the full-page cache:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose System.

3. Expand the Full Page Cache section.

Full Page Cache

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4. Set Caching Application to one of the following:

l Built-in Application
l Varnish Caching

5. To set the time-out for the page cache, enter the TTL for public content. (The default value is
86400)

6. If using Varnish, complete the Varnish Configuration section as follows:

a. In the Access list field, enter the IPaddresses that can purge the Varnish configuration to
generate a config file. Separate multiple entries with a comma. The default value is
localhost.

b. In the Backend host field, enter the IPaddress of the backend host that generates config
files. The default value is localhost.

c. In the Backend port field, identify the backend port that is used to generate config files.
The default value is: 8080.

d. To export the configuration as a varnish.vcl file, tap the button for the version of Varnish
that you use.

l Export VCL for Varnish 3

l Export VCL for Varnish 4

Varnish Configuration

7. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Index Management
Magento reindexes automatically whenever one or more items change. Actions that trigger
reindexing include price changes, creating catalog or shopping cart price rules, adding new
categories, and so on. To optimize performance, Magento accumulates data into special tables
using indexers. As the data changes, the indexed tables must be updatedor reindexed.
Reindexing is performed as a background process, and your store remains accessible during the
processes.

Reindexing data speeds up processing, and reduces the time the customer has to wait. For
example, if you change the price of an item from $4.99 to $3.99, Magento reindexes the data to
show the price change in the store. Without indexing, Magento would have to calculate the
price of every product on the flytaking into account shopping cart price rules, bundle pricing,
discounts, tier pricing, and so on. Loading the price for a product might take longer than the
customer is willing to wait.

The indexers can be set to either update on save, or on schedule. Reindexing is performed as a
background process that is scheduled as a cron job, and your store remains accessible during
the processes. A system message appears if a cron job is not available to update any indexers
that become invalid.

Index Management

Index Management has a slightly different presentation for flat product catalogs.

To avoid problems when multiple Admin users update objects that trigger automatic
reindexing, we recommend that you set all indexers to run on schedule as cron jobs.
Otherwise, every time an object is saved, any objects with interdependencies might
cause a deadlock. Symptoms of a deadlock include high CPU usage and MySQL errors.
As a best practice, we recommend that you use scheduled indexing .

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To change the index mode:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Tools, choose Index Management.

2. Mark the checkbox of each indexer that you want to change.

3. Set Actions to one of the following:

l Update on Save
l Update by Schedule

4. Tap Submit to apply the change to each selected indexer.

Column Descriptions
COLUMN DESCRIPTION
Indexer The name of the indexer.

Description A description of the indexer.

Mode Indicates the current update mode for each indexer. Options:

Update on Save The index is set to update whenever a

change is saved.

Update on The index is set to update on schedule

Schedule according to a cron job.

Status Displays one of the following:

Ready The index is up-to-date.

Scheduled Reindexing is scheduled to take place.

Running Reindexing is currently running.

Reindex Required A change has been made that requires

reindexing, but the indexers cannot be
updated automatically. Check to see if cron
is available and configured correctly.

Updated Indicates the date and time an index was last updated.

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Index Trigger Events

Reindexing Triggers
INDEX TYPE REINDEXING EVENT
Product Prices Add customer group
Change configuration settings

Flat catalog1 product data Add store

Add store group
Add, edit, or delete attribute (for searching and filtering)

Flat catalog category data Add store

Add store group
Add, edit, or delete attribute (for searching and filtering)

Catalog category/product Add, edit, or delete products (single, mass, and import)
index Change product-to-category relations
Add, edit, or delete categories
Add or delete stores
Delete store groups
Delete websites

Catalog search index Add, edit, or delete products (single, mass, and import)
Add or delete stores
Delete store groups
Delete websites

Stock status index Change inventory configuration settings.

Category permissions Add store, add store group, add or delete or update attribute (for
index searching and filtering)

1 The flat product and category indexers also influence how catalog and shopping cart price rules are indexed. If
you have a large number of SKUs (about 500,000 or more), you will notice a dramatic improvement in indexing time
for price rules. To take advantage of this improvement, you must enable Use Flat Catalog Product.

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Index Actions and Controls

Index Actions

ACTION RESULT TO CONTROL

Creating a new store, new Full reindex Full reindexing is performed on the
customer group, or any schedule determined by your Magento
action listed in Actions cron job.
that Cause a Full
Reindex.

Bulk loading of items in the Partial reindex (only At the frequency determined by your
following ways: changed items are Magento cron job.
reindexed)
l Magento import/export

l Direct SQL query

l Any other method that

directly adds, changes,
or deletes data.

Changing scope (for Partial reindex (only At the frequency determined by your
example, from global to changed items are Magento cron job.
website) reindexed)

Events that Trigger Full Reindexing

Full Reindex Triggers

INDEXER EVENT
Catalog Category Flat Create a new web store
Indexer Create a new web store view
Create, or delete an attribute that is any of the following:

l Searchable or visible in advanced search

l Filterable

l Filterable in search

l Used for sorting

Change an existing attribute to be any of the preceding.

Enable flat category storefront options

Catalog Product Flat Create a new web store

Indexer Create a new web store view
Create, or delete an attribute that is any of the following:

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Full Reindex Triggers (cont.)

INDEXER EVENT
l Searchable or visible in advanced search

l Filterable

l Filterable in search

l Used for sorting

Change an existing attribute to be any of the preceding.

Enable flat category storefront options

Stock status indexer When the following Catalog Inventory options change in the system
configuration:

Stock Options Display Out of Stock Products

Product Stock Manage Stock

Options

Price Indexer Adding a new customer group.

When any of the following Catalog Inventory options change in the
system configuration:

Stock Options Display Out of Stock Products

Product Stock Manage Stock

Options

Price Catalog Price Scope

Category or Product Create or delete a store view

Indexer Delete a store
Delete a website

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CHAPTER 80: Tools Backups

Backups
Magento Community Edition 2.1 gives you the ability to back up different parts of the system
such as the file system, database, and media filesand to rollback automatically. A record for
each backup appears in the grid on the Backups page. Deleting a record from the list deletes
the archived file as well. Database backup files are compressed using the .GZ format. For the
system backups and database and media backups, the .TGZ format is used. As a best practice,
you should restrict access to backup tools, and back up before installing extensions and
updates.

Restrict access to backup tools. Access to the Backups and Rollback management tool
can be restricted by configuring user permissions for backup and rollback resources. To
restrict access, leave the corresponding checkbox unselected. If you need to grant access
to rollback resources, you must grant access to backup resources as well.

Back up before installing extensions and updates. Always perform a backup before
you install an extension or update. Component Manager includes a backup option that you
can use before installing an extension or upgrading to a new release.

Backups

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To create a backup:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Tools, choose Backups.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap the button for the type of backup you want to create:

System Backup Creates a complete backup of the database and the file system. During
the process, you can choose to include the media folder in the backup.

Database and Creates a backup of the database and the media folder.
Media Backup

Database Backup Creates a backup of the database.

3. To put the store into maintenance mode during the backup, mark the checkbox. When the
backup is complete, maintenance mode is turned off automatically.

4. For a system backup, mark the Include Media folder to System Backup checkbox if you want
to include the media folder. Then when prompted, confirm the action.

To schedule backups

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose System.

3. Expand the Scheduled Backup Settings section, and do the following:

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

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CHAPTER 80: Tools Cron (Scheduled Tasks)

Cron (Scheduled Tasks)

Magento performs some operations on schedule by periodically running a script. You can
control the execution and scheduling of Magento cron jobs from the Admin. Store operations
that run according to a cron schedule include:

l Email
l Catalog Price Rules
l Newsletters
l XMLSitemap Generation
l Currency Rate Updates

In addition, you can configure the following to run according to a cron schedule:

l Order System Grid Updates and Reindexing

l Pending Payment Lifetime

Make sure that the base URLs for the store are set correctly, so the URLs that are generated
during cron operations are correct. To learn more, see: Setting Up Cron Jobs.

To configure cron:
1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose System.

3. Expand the Cron section.

Cron (Scheduled Tasks)

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4. Then, complete the following settings for the Index and Default groups. The settings are the
same in each section.

l Generate Schedules Every

l Schedule Ahead for
l Missed if not Run Within
l History Cleanup Every
l Success History Lifetime
l Failure History Lifetime
l Use Separate Process

Cron Configuration for Group:Index

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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CHAPTER 80: Tools Advanced Developer Tools

Advanced Developer Tools

Use the Advanced Developer tools to determine the compilation mode during frontend
development, create a whitelist of IP addresses, display template path hints, and make spot
changes to text in the interface of the storefront and Admin.

l Frontend Development Workflow

l Using Static File Signatures
l File Optimization
l Developer Client Restrictions
l Template Path Hints
l Translate Inline

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Frontend Development Workflow

The Frontend Development Workflow type determines if Less compilation takes place on the client-
or server side during development. Less is an extension of CSSthat has additional features and
conventions, and that produces streamlined code. Client-side Lesscompilation is recommended for
theme development. Server-side compilation is the default mode. The development workflow options
are not available for stores in production mode. To learn more, see Client-side LESScompilation vs.
server-side in the developer documentation.

Front-end Development Workflow

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose Developer.

3. Expand the Front-end Development Workflow section.

4. Set Workflow Type to one of the following:

Client side less Compilation takes place in the browser using the native less.js library.
compilation

Server side less Compilation takes place on the server using the Less PHPlibrary. This is
compilation the default mode for production.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Using Static File Signatures

Adding a digital signature to the URL of static files makes it possible for browsers to detect
when a newer version of the file is available. Static files that can be tracked with digital
signatures include JavaScript, CSS, images, and fonts. The signature is appended to the path
directly after the base URL. If a files signature differs from what is currently stored in the
browsers cache, then the newer version of the file is used. To learn more, see Static File
Processing in the developer documentation.

Static File Settings

To enable signed static files:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose Developer.

3. Expand the Static Files Settings section.

4. Set Sign Static Files to Yes.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Optimizing Resource Files

The time it takes to load resource files can be reduced by merging and bundling files, and by
minimizing code.

l Merging combines separate files of the same type into a single file.
l Bundling is a technique that groups separate files in order to reduce the number of HTTP
requests that are required to load a page.
l Minification removes spaces, line breaks, and comments, but does not affect the
functionality of the code. Because minimized files cannot be edited, the process should be
applied only when you are ready to go into production.

By default, Magento does not merge, bundle, or minimize files, and the project developer
should determine which file optimization methods should be used. The following operations are
supported for each file type:

FILE TYPE SUPPORTED OPERATIONS

CSSFiles l Merge

l Minify

JavaScript Files l Merge

l Bundle

l Minify

Template Files l Minify

To optimize resource files:

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose Developer.

3. To optimize CSS files, do the following:

a. Expand the CSSSettings section. Then, do the following:

b. Set Merge CSS Filesto Yes.

c. Set Minify CSS Files to Yes.

CSSSettings

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4. To optimizeJavaScript files, do the following:

a. Expand the JavaScript Settings section. Then, do the following:

b. Set Merge JavaScript Files to Yes.

c. Set Minify JavaScript Files to Yes.

JavaScriptSettings

5. To minify PHTMLtemplate files, do the following:

a. Expand the Template Settings section.

b. Set Minify Html to Yes.

TemplateSettings

6. When complete, tap Save Config.

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Developer Client Restrictions

Before using a tool such as Template Path Hints, make sure to add your IPaddress to the
Developer Client Restrictions whitelist to avoid disrupting the shopping experience of
customers in the store, .If you dont know your IPaddress, you can search for it online.

Add Your IPAddress to the Whitelist

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced,choose Developer.

3. Expand the Developer Client Restrictions section.

Developer Client Restrictions

4. In the Allow IPs field, enter your IP address. If access is needed from multiple IP addresses,
separate each with a comma.

5. When complete, tap Save Config.

6. When prompted, refresh any invalid caches.

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Template Path Hints

Template Path Hints are a diagnostic tool that adds notation with the path to each template
that is used on the page. Template path hints can be enabled for either the storefront or the
Admin.

Template Path Hints in Storefront

Step 1: Whitelist Your IPAddress

Before using template path hints, add your IPaddress to the whitelist, so you wont interfere
with customers who are shopping in the store. When you are finished, make sure to clear the
Magento cache to remove all hints from the store.

Developer Client Restrictions

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Step 2:Enable Template Path Hints

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose Developer.

3. Expand theDebug section. Then, do the following:

Debug

a. To activate template path hints for the store, set Enabled Template Path Hints for
Storefront to Yes.

b. To activate template path hints for the Admin, set Enabled Template Path Hints for
Admin to Yes.

c. To include the names of blocks, set Add Block Names to Hints to Yes.

4. When complete, tap Save Config.

5. When you are finished, return to the Admin to disable the hints and clear the cache.

Step 3: Clear the Cache

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Tools, choose Cache Management.

2. In the upper-right corner, tap Flush Magento Cache.

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Translate Inline
You can use the Translate Inline tool to touch up the interface text to reflect your voice and
brand. When the Translate Inline mode is activated, any text on the page that can be edited is
outlined in red. Its easy to edit field labels, messages, and other text that appears throughout
the storefront and Admin. For example, many themes use terminology such as My Account,
My Wishlist, and My Dashboard, to help customers find their way around. However, you
might prefer to simply use the words Account, Wishlist, and Dashboard.

Translatable Text
If your store is available in multiple languages, you can make fine adjustments to the
translated text for the locale. On the server, interface text is maintained in a separate CSV file
for each output block, and is organized by locale. As an alternate approach, rather than use the
Translate Inline tool, you can also edit the CSVfiles directly on the server.

To use the Translate Inline tool, your browser must allow pop-ups.

Step 1: Disable Output Caches

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Tools, choose Cache Management.

2. Mark the following checkboxes:

l Blocks HTMLoutput
l Page Cache
l Translations

3. Set the Actions control to Disable. Then, tap Submit.

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Disable Output Caches

Step 2: Enable the Translate Inline Tool

1. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

2. To work with a specific store view, set the Store View that is to be updated.

3. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose Developer.

4. Expand the Translate Inline section. Then if necessary, clear the Use Website checkbox.

The Enabled for Admin option is not available when editing a specific store view.

Translate Inline

5. Set Enabled for Storefront to Yes.

6. When complete, tap Save Config.

7. When prompted, refresh the invalid caches, but leave the disabled caches as they are for now.

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Step 3: Update the Text

1. Open your storefront in a browser, and go to the page that you want to edit. If necessary, use
the language chooser to change the store view.

Each string of text that can be translated is outlined in red. When you hover over any text box,
a book icon ( ) appears.

2. Tap the book icon ( ) to open the Translate window. Then, do the following:

a. If the change is for the specific store view, mark the Store View Specific checkbox.

b. Enter the new Custom text.

c. When complete, tap Submit.

Enter Custom Text

3. To see your changes in the store, press the F5 key to refresh the browser.

4. Repeat this process for any elements in the store to be changed.

Step 4:Restore Original Settings

1. Return to the Admin of your store. On the Admin sidebar, tap Store. Then under Settings,
choose Configuration.

a. Set Store View to the specific view that was edited.

b. In the panel on the left under Advanced, choose Developer.

c. Expand the Translate Inline section.

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Translate Inline

a. Set Enabled for Frontend to No.

b. When complete, tap Save Config.

2. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Tools, choose Cache Management.

a. Mark the checkbox of the following output caches that were previously disabled:

l Blocks HTMLoutput
l Page Cache
l Translations

b. Set the Actions control to Enable. Then, tap Submit.

c. When prompted, refresh any invalid caches.

Step 5: Verify the Changes in Your Store

Go to your storefront and examine each page that was updated to make sure the changes are
correct. In this example, Customer Login was changed to Customer Sign In. If changes were
made to a specific view, use the Language Chooser to switch to the correct view.

Customer Sign In

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CHAPTER 80: Tools Web Setup Wizard

Web Setup Wizard

The Web Setup Wizard can be used to install components, modules,and extensions, upgrade
your installation, and change the system configuration.

Web Setup Wizard

Component Manager
Component Manager lists each component that is
currently installed, and can be used to synchronize any
extensions you have purchased from Magento
Marketplace with your system.

System Upgrade
The System Upgrade tool can be used to upgrade your
installation of Magento. During the process, it checks
your system for readiness, creates a backup, and then
upgrades your system.

System Config
The System Config tool can be synchronized with your
Marketplace account, based on your public and private
access keys.

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Component Manager
Installing an extension is a three-step process that should take place during off-peak hours.
Before the extension is installed, your store is put into maintenance mode, checked for
readiness, and backed up. After the extension is installed, it must be configured for your store
according to the developers instructions. To learn more, see: Marketplace User Guide.

Before you begin, make sure that your system meets Component Manager prerequisties. To learn
more, see: Component Manager and System Upgrade Guide in the developer documentation.

To install an extension:
1. Log in to the Admin of your Magento store as a user with full administrator rights.

2. On the Admin sidebar, tap System. Then under Tools, choose Web Setup Wizard.

Web Setup Wizard

3. Tap Component Manager. Then, click the Sign In link in the upper-right corner.

Component Manager

4. When prompted, paste the Public Access Key and Private Access Key from your Marketplace
account. Then, tap Sign In . To learn more, see Magento 2 Access Keys in the Marketplace User
Guide.

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Paste Access Keys

5. To synchronize Component Manager with your Marketplace purchases, tap Sync. It might take
a few minutes. When the process is complete, the number of new purchases appears with the
date and time the store was last synchronized.

Component Manager

6. In the Marketplace Purchases section under New Purchases, click Install.

7. In the Extensions Grid, mark the checkbox of the extension you want to install. Then in the
Action column, click the Install link for the item.

Extensions Grid

8. Were almost done! Follow these steps to complete the installation:

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Step 1: Readiness Check

1. Before the installation begins, your store environment must be checked for compatibility. When
ready to begin, tap Start Readiness Check. The progress indicator shows where you are in the
process.

Readiness Check

2. When the Readiness Check completes successfully, tap Next.

Readiness Check Complete

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Step 2: Create Backup

1. Your store will be put in maintenance mode while the backup is created. When you are ready to
begin, tap Create Backup. Then, wait a few minutes for the backup to complete.

Backup Complete

2. You can see the path to the backup file at the bottom of the report. When the backup is
complete, tap Next.

Step 3: Component Install

1. When you are ready to begin, tap Install. Then, wait a few moments for the installation to
complete.

Installation Complete

2. When complete, tap Back to Setup Tool. Then, tap the System Configuration tile.

Setup Wizard

3. In the upper-right corner of Component Manager, click the Reset link to log out.

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Logged Out

Step 4: Configure the Extension for Your Store

1. Log in to the Admin of your store.

2. On the Admin sidebar, tap Stores. Then under Settings, choose Configuration.

3. In the panel on the left, find the new tab for the extension you installed. Then, follow the
instructions from the extension developer to complete the configuration.

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Web Setup
The Web Setup is the second part of the Magento installation that checks system readiness,
establishes the database connection, and creates the initial Admin account. The following steps
give an overview of the process that takes place at the end of the installation.

Step 1: Readiness Check

1. To verify that your system meets the system requirements, tap Start Readiness Check.

2. When the results appear, tap Details for more information. Then, do one of the following;

l If your system fails the readiness check, correct the issue and tap Try Again.
l If your system meets the requirements, tap Next.

Readiness Check

Step 2:Add a Database

1. To change the MySQL database or update the credentials, do the following:

a. Enter the Database Server Host. If the database resides on the same server as the
Magento code, enter localhost.

b. Enter the Database Server Username.

c. Enter the Database Server Password.

d. Enter the Database Name.

e. If applicable, enter the Table prefix.

2. When complete, tap Next. Your credentials must be correct to continue to the next step.

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Add a Database

Step 3: Web Configuration

1. Under Web Configuration, do the following:

a. In the Your Store Address field, enter the full URL of your Magento store.

b. In the Magento Admin Address field, enter the full URL of the Magento Admin.

2. Expand the Advanced Options, and do the following:

a. Mark the checkbox of the HTTPS Options that apply to your system:

l Use HTTPS for Magento Storefront

l Use HTTPS for Magento Admin

b. To enable your server to use Apache Rewrites, mark the checkbox.

c. Mark the checkbox of the Encryption Key setting that applies to your system:

l I want to use a Magento generated key.

l I want to use my own encryption key.

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Web Configuration

Step 4: Customize Your Store

1. To install or reinstall the Sample Data, do the following:

a. To create a sample store with sample products, mark the Use Sample Data checkbox.

b. If you are reinstalling the sample data, also mark the Clean up automatically checkbox.

2. Set Store Default Time Zone to the correct time zone for your locale.

3. Set Store Default Currency to the default currency that you accept as payment.

4. Set Store Default Language to the primary language of your store.

Customize Your Store

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5. (Optional) Expand the Advanced Modules Configuration, and do the following:

a. To install only specific modules, clear the Select All checkbox.

b. In the list, select the checkbox of each module you want to install.

Advanced Modules Configuration

6. When complete, tap Next.

Step 5: Create Admin Account

1. Enter a New Username for the Admin account.

2. Enter a New E-Mail for the Admin account.

3. Enter a New Password for the Admin account. Then in the Confirm Password field, enter
your new password again.

4. When complete, tap Next.

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Create Admin Account

Step 6: Install

1. When you are ready to complete the setup, tap Install Now.

Install

2. When the installation completes, a page appears with your Magento Admin and database
credentials, but without the passwords. You can print the page and keep it for your records.
Then, do of the following:

l Launch Magento Storefront

l Launch Magento Admin

3. If the installation fails to complete, view the Console Log to learn more. Then, correct the
problem and try again.

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A little Housekeeping

After Setup is complete, do the following to set the recommended permissions for all files and
folders in your Magento2 installation:

1. Change to the Web user who has full permissions to the Magento2 folder. (For example, apache
or root.)

su apache

2. Change directories to the Magento2 folder, and set the following permissions. You can copy the
code, and paste it as a single command.

find . -type d -exec chmod 700 {} \; && find . -type f -exec chmod 600 {} \;
&& chmod +x bin/magento

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Appendices

1125
 Contents Release Notes
Change Log
Glossary
Configuration Reference

1126
 APPENDIX A:

Release Notes
Release notes provide a detailed description of each product release, with links to additional
technical information, installation instructions, and support resources. For details about the
most current and past releases, see Release Information.

As a best practice, we recommend that you keep your Magento 2.x installation up to date, so
you can benefit from the latest features and advancements.

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 APPENDIX B:

Change Log
Our documentation is continually updated with new topics, clarifications, and corrections to
existing content. The Change Log in the online user guide lists the major updates, organized by
month. If you cant see the most recent changes, refresh your browser or clear the cache. Check
back every now and then to see whats new!

Change Log

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 APPENDIX C:

Glossary

above the fold

The web page content that is immediately visible in the browser window; section of a page that is
displayed without the need to scroll.

Admin
The password-protected back office of your store where orders, catalog, content, and
configurations are managed.

alt text
The text that is displayed in place of an image when the user is unable to view the image.

anchor text
The visible text that is anchored to another page or page section; the literal text of a hyperlink.

API
Application Program Interface: A software interface that lets third-party applications read and
write to a system using programming language constructs or statements.

aspect ratio
The proportional relationship between the width and height of an image.

attribute
A characteristic or property of a product; anything that describes a product. Examples of product
attributes include color, size, weight, and price.

authorization
To give a service permission to perform certain actions or to access resources.

average inventory cost

Product price, less coupons or discounts, plus freight and applicable taxes. The average is
determined by adding the beginning cost of inventory each month, plus the ending cost of
inventory for the last month of the period.

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B2B
Business to Business: A type of business transaction between two business entities that are not
the final consumers of the goods or services.

B2C
Business to Consumer: Business transactions between a business entity and a consumer.

banner
Promotional graphics displayed either horizontally on the top of a web page or vertically on the
left or right margins. Website advertisements are often displayed as banners.

base currency
The primary form of currency used in store transactions.

base currency rate

The base currency rate is the default for your store.

batch processing
To perform a task or make a change to multiple items all at once, without manual repetition.

bounce rate
The percentage of visitors to your site that leave without viewing any other pages.

brand
A unique identity that defines a particular product or group of products.

breadcrumb
A navigation aid that helps the user to keep track of their location within your store.

brick and mortar

A retail business with a permanent physical location, as opposed to being entirely virtual.

broken link
A hyperlink that fails to send the user to its intended web page.

callout
A term that is sometimes used to describe a block that is defined as a layout update using XML
code.

canonical URL
The canonical meta tag redirects search engines to the correct URL, when seemingly duplicate
content is encountered on the server.

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APPENDIX C: Glossary

capture
The process of converting the authorized amount into a billable transaction. Transactions cannot
be captured until authorized, and authorizations cannot be captured until the goods or services
have been shipped.

cardholder
A person who opens a credit card account and is authorized to make purchases.

cascading style sheet

The markup standard used to apply styles to HTML elements on the page.

category
A set of products that share particular characteristics or attributes.

CCV
Credit Card Verification code. (See CVV)

checkout process
The process of gathering the payment and shipping information that is necessary to complete the
purchase of items in the shopping cart. In the final step, the customer reviews and places the
order.

CMS
Content Management System: A software system that is used to create, edit, and maintain
content on a website.

complex data
Data that is associated with multiple product options.

complex product
A product that requires the customer to choose from a selection of options.

composite product
Any product type that offers customers a choice of options.

Content Delivery Network

A large distributed network of servers that specializes in the high performance delivery of multi-
media content.

content marketing
The art of promoting products or services by providing valuable information at no charge.

conversion
A marketing term that indicates a goal has been reached. If the goal is to sell a product,
conversion is reached when a visitor to your site becomes a buyer.

conversion rate
The percentage of visitors who are converted into buyers.

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credit memo
A document issued by the merchant to a customer to write off an outstanding balance because of
overcharge, rebate, or return of goods.

CSS
Cascading Style Sheets: A style sheet language that controls the appearance of HTML
documents; a way to control the appearance of text, graphics, lists, links, and all other elements
on a web page.

CSV
Comma Separated Values: A type of file used to store data values which are separated from
each other by commas.

CVM
Card Verification Method: A way to verify the identity of the customer by confirming a 3-digit or 4-
digit credit card security code with the payment processor.

CVV
The Card Verification Value, also known as the Card Security Code, provides an additional level
of security for online transactions.

domain
The address of a website on the web; what the customer types in their browser address bar to
access the store.

double opt-in
The process for subscribing email recipients by requiring them to take a secondary step to
confirm that they want to receive emails.

dynamic content
A web page that displays different content depending on the user request.

Dynamic Media URL

A link to an image that contains a relative reference to the file location in media storage.

EAV
Entity Attribute Value

evergreen content
Content that has a long shelf life.

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FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions.

favicon
Short for favorites icon; a 16x16 or 32x32 pixel icon associated with a website; is displayed in the
browser address bar and next to the site name in a bookmark list.

feed reader
Software that is used to read syndicated content from RSS feeds.

FOB
Freight On Board: A shipping term indicating who is responsible for paying transportation
charges.

frontend properties
Properties that determine the presentation and behavior of an attribute from the standpoint of the
customer in your store.

fulfillment
The process of managing customer shipments.

gateway
A transaction bridge between a customer and a payment processing service that is used to
transfer money between the customer and the merchant.

gross margin
The difference between the cost and price of a product.

handle
In programming, a name used to reference an object.

home page
The first home page a visitor sees when they access your website URL. Considered the most
important page on your website according to search engine indexing.

HTML
HyperText Markup Language: A standard for tagging and structuring text, images, videos, and
other media on a web page.

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invoice
A document that provides a detailed description of a purchase, including products purchased,
quantity, price, shipping cost, sales tax, and total.

JavaScript
A scripting language used with HTML to produce dynamic effects and interactions on web pages.

jQuery
A popular JavaScript library that is often used to create dynamic and responsive effects.

keyword
A term or phrase used in a search to filter for content that is of significant importance to that term
or phrase.

landing page
A page on your site where a visitor arrives after clicking a link or advertisement.

layout
The visual and structural composition of a page.

layout update
A specific set of XML instructions that determines how the page is constructed.

link juice
The value and authority transferred from one web page to another via hyperlinks (or links). Link
juice affects a websites page rank, a factor used to rank a search engine results page.

liquid layout
A flexible approach to web design that specifies the size and position of elements as
percentages rather than as exact measurements in pixels.

load sequence
The order in which scripts are loaded into memory. To work correctly, some scripts must be
loaded before others.

locale
A set of configurations that defines the users language, country, tax rate, and other settings.

login
The process of signing into an online account.

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markdown
The amount subtracted from the original price of a product.

markup tag
A snippet of code that can be used to add functionality or content to a page.

media storage
A dedicated space on the content delivery network for your store's assets.

merchant account
An account with a bank or financial institution that makes it possible to accept credit card
transactions.

meta tags
Information in a web page that is not displayed on the page itself, but is used by search engines
to determine the page title, description, and page keywords.

navigation
The primary group of web page links that a customer uses to navigate around the website; the
navigation links to the most important categories or pages on an online store.

opt-in
The process by which a user consents to receiving emails from an online store.

packing slip
A document that is usually included in a shipped package that describes the contents. Packing
slips do not include financial or account information.

path to purchase
The path a prospect follows that leads to a sale.

payment bridge
An application that helps merchants meet PCI- DSS requirements.

payment gateway
A service that charges your customers credit cards and sends the funds to your merchant
account, for deposit into your business bank account.

Payment Gateway
A third-party service that processes transactions for external payment methods.

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Payment Method
A way for the customer to pay for the merchandise in your store. Payment methods can be
internal or external. The Payment Methods section of the System Configuration includes all basic
payment methods and gateways.

PCI
Payment Card Industry: Refers to debit and credit cards and their associated businesses.

price markup
A percentage added to the cost of an item to determine the retail price.

privacy policy
A document that explains the merchants policies for handling customer information.

purchase order (PO)

A written sales contract between a buyer and seller that describes the merchandise or service to
be purchased from a vendor.

redirect
A method used to alert browsers and search engines that a page has been moved. 301 Redirect:
Permanent change 302 Redirect: Temporary change

relative link
A hyperlink that includes only the address of the linked page that is relative to the linking page,
rather than the full URL.

return policy
A document that explains the merchants rules regarding the return of products by customers.

robots.txt
A file placed on a website that tells search engine crawlers which pages not to index.

RSS feed
Really Simple Syndication: A technology that creates web content syndication and allows web
users to subscribe to product feeds, websites, and blogs.

SaaS
Software as a Service: A software delivery model where the vendor provides the software and
hosting environment, and customers pay for the service by subscription or per use.

Sass/Compass
A CSS pre-compiler that provides organizable, reusable CSS.

security certificate
Information that is used by the SSL protocol to establish a secure connection.

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APPENDIX C: Glossary

SEO
Search Engine Optimization: The process of improving a websites search engine rankings in
order to increase valued visitors.

SERP
Search Engine Results Page

settlement
Settlement occurs when the acquiring bank and the issuer exchange funds and the proceeds are
deposited into the merchant account.

shipping carrier
A company that transports packages. Common carriers include UPS, FedEx, DHL, and USPS.

shopping cart
A grouping of products that the customer wishes to purchase at the end of their shopping
session.

sidebar
The right or left column of a two-column page layout.

sitemap
A page that provides search engines with an efficient, alternate route through your site.

SKU
Stock Keeping Unit: A number or code assigned to a product to identify the product, options,
price, and manufacturer.

splash page
A promotional page with a product or advertisement; normally displayed before the home page.

SSL certificate
A validation and security mechanism that identifies the merchant and encrypts credit card and
other sensitive information.

static block
A fixed content block that can be displayed on various content pages in a store.

static content
Content that does not change frequently. See also dynamic content.

static files
The collection of assets, such as CSS, fonts, images, and JavaScript that is used by a theme.

theme
A package that contains graphics and appearance information, and customizes the look and feel
of the store.

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transactional email
A notification email sent to the customer when a transaction is processed.

transactional emails
An automated email message that is sent in response to a specific event or transaction.

URL
Uniform Resource Locator: The unique address of a page on the internet.

usability
Refers to the degree to which a product or service is easy to use by its customers.

widget
A prepared snippet of code that adds functionality and/or dynamic effects to your store.

WYSIWYG
What You See Is What You Get: An editor that displays formatted text as it will appear in its final
published form.

XML
Extensible Markup Language: A markup format derived from SGML that it used to format
information for publication and distribution.

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 APPENDIX D:

Configuration Reference
This reference has field descriptions for every configuration setting in Magento Community
Edition 2.1. To learn how to apply configuration settings to specific store views, see: Scope.

From the HTMLversion of the guide, you can drill down through any section of the reference,
and follow the links to corresponding topics in the user guide. From step-by-step instructions,
click any linked caption below a screenshot to jump to the field descriptions.

Click any of the following links to go to the corresponding section in the online reference:

l General
l Catalog
l Customers
l Sales
l Services
l Advanced

Configuration

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 1141

1142 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide
Index
[ 5

[GLOBAL] 108 503 Service Unavailable 538

[STORE] 108

[WEBSITE] 108 A

Abandoned carts 674

1
About Us page 536

1 Column Layout 304, 600, 602 Account

customer information 640

2 Magento 21

2 Columns share 25

with Left Bar 305, 600, 603 Actions

with Right Bar 305, 600 control 63, 75

Actions, Mass 77
3 Address

3 Column Layout 601, 604 Book, customer 640

Address format 420

4 Address templates 420

404 Page Not Found 537, 539 Address, customer 647

Adjustment Fee 754

Admin 57, 75

access 1049

1143
 Index

account, unlock 1053 Assisted Shopping 681

Actions Log 1084 Attribute

CAPTCHA 1074 code 986

login 57 entities 1017

Notifications 68 filterable 464

permissions 1049 group 996

role 1050 input types 313

role, create 1052 predefined 437

role, custom 1054 system 995

security 1063 Attribute set 163

sidebar 61 Attributes

Startup Page 66 Product 307

user 1050 product, add 308

user, create 1050 Australia, PayPal solutions 809

Advanced Search 475 Authorize.Net

Advocacy Tools 51 Direct Post Method 824

All Customers 633 Auto-generated fields 153

Allow Automatic

cookies 674 redirect 501

Countries 86 Average Order Value 48

HTML Tags on Frontend 988

Printed Card 706 B

Allowed Currencies 977 Backend See also

Analytics 44, 51 Admin 57
Anchor category 296 Backup
Android, email 382 delete 1097
Antivirus software 122 Base
AOV 48 currency 981
API 52 image 272
Apple Mail 382 JavaScript URL 1061-1062
Approve product review 335-336 media URL 1061-1062

1144 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

Index

Base URL 913 Callout 575

Base URL Home page 539 Canada

Best practice Example Tax Configuration 962

industry 121 Canada, PayPal solutions 809

Bestsellers 67 Canadian tax 957

Billing Cancel

agreement 641 order 693

agreement, PayPal Express Checkout 778 Canceled, order status 725

Block 437 Canonical meta tag 140, 490

category 301, 304 CAPTCHA 1074, 1078

create 564 configuration, Admin 1075

ID, markup tag 442 configuration, store 1078

Block reference 575, 606, 616 Capture

category 570 Offline 741

CMS pages 570 Cardholder data 122

product page 571 Cart

Blog, as Home Page 539 Link 665

Blog, Magento 5-6, 8 Sidebar 665

Braintree 782 Cart contents, retrieve 674

Branding 95 Cash On Delivery 814

Breadcrumb trail 456 Catalog 52

Breadcrumb Trail 539 Category Link 578

Browser Capabilities Detection 1083 flat 144

Bundle Product 156, 187 images 269

Business location 86 indexing 144

Buy X, Get Y Free 372 New Products List 578

Price Rules 341

C Product Link 578

Cache 1086 Catalog Prices, tax 957

JavaScript 1087 Catalog Workspace 136

Storage Management 1086

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 1145

 Index

Categories CMS 45, 531

Custom Design 305 Page Link 578

Display Settings 301 Pages 535, 549

Category Static Block 578

create 290 Widget 579

Display Settings 301 COD 814

grayed out 290 Column 599

ID 290 layout 304, 575

landing page 304 sort 72

page 301 Comma-separated values 1004

path, in URL 140, 490 Community 51

Products 303 Compare Products 322, 332, 987

root 296 Comparison operator 344

tree 290 Complete, order status 725, 738

URL key 290 Compliance, industry 121

Category hidden 299 Component Manager 1114

Category Products 136-137, 289, 303, 541, 712- Conditions, price rule 355

713, 715-716 Configurable Product 155

CDN 1060 create 163

JavaScript use 1060 image 174

media retrieval 1060 Configurable Product, configurations 166

Certification 7 Configuration 1141

Change Log 1129 search, default 479

Check / Money Order 812 security 1063

Checkbox 63 Configuration, Design 593

Checkout process 47 Configurations, add 166

Terms and Conditions 702 Consent, cookies 125

Checkout with PayPal 762 Consulting 7

Chrome, email 383 Contact Us

Clear cache 1086 form 442

Closed, order status 725

1146 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

Index

Content 529, 531, 535 CSS

Delivery Network 1060 email 392

management system 45 CSS, merge 625

menu 61 CSV file 840, 1004, 1017

page 549 category path 1004

Cookie customer structure 1006

domain 127 structure 1004

law 125 csv separator 1004

lifetime 127 Currency 89

persistent 674 rates 981

Restriction Mode 123, 125 Rates 975

session 674 Setup 981

use, Magento 128 symbols 981

Cookie, Limit Sending By 324 Symbols 980

Copyright notice 598 Currency Chooser 975

Copyright Notice, change 102 Current Configuration Scope 108

Countries Options 86 Custom

Coupon 48, 50, 364, 433 Design

Coupon Usage, report 367 Category 304

Create layout 305

Packages, shipping labels 860 Layout Update

Store View 899, 902, 909 product 232

Website 897, 907 Layout Update, category 305

Credit Theme 305

card 823 URL 44

memo 749 variable 437

Credit Memo Custom Options 226

Print 757 Custom Order Status 728

Cron 1099 Customer

Cron job 144 account 51, 637, 682

Cross-sells 223, 331 dashboard 637

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 1147

 Index

VAT Validation 952 Database

Account scope 116 and Media Backup 1098

Address 647 backup 1098

address template 420 compression, backup 1097

CSV structure 1006 media storage 1058

engagement 45 Date, input type 313

group Day of Week 84

create 651 Default

VAT 952 Config 108

journey 42-43 Country 86

Order Status, RSS feed 435 Display Currency 981

Reports 879 Default Pages 539

retention 50 Default theme 620

segment 48 Demo

Service page 537 login 58

Support 90 Design 45, 52, 590-591

VAT 952 custom, category 304

Customer Account product 232

Update 687 Schedule 627

Customers 67, 629 Design Configuration 593

menu 61 Developer Client Restrictions 1109

Customers online 634 Development environment 144

Customers, menu 631 DHL 846

shipping labels 852

D Digital Goods, tax 931

Dashboard 51, 64 Dimensional weight 843

charts 65 Direct Post Method, Authorize.Net 824

configuration 64 Discount 341, 820

customer 637 quantity 244

menu 61 Display

in Suggested Terms 484

1148 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

Index

Mode, category 301 addresses, domain 90

not required State 85 addresses, store 90

Settings campaign 50

Category 301 CSS file 385, 396, 399

Store Demo Notice 104 footer 386

Distributing newsletters 428 header template 393

Documentation 5 Logo 385

Double opt-in 424 message templates 401

Downloadable Product 156 template 392

configure 207 template, configure 381

create 198 Email clients 382

Drill-down, price 468 Email template 405

Dropdown variables 437

input type 314 Email Template

Duplicate Configure 385

content 490 email, browsers 383

Dynamic Empty, page layout 305, 601

media URL 142 Enable

URL 139 Cookies 538

values, bundle product 187 Encryption 122

Entity Attributes 1020

E Equalize

EAV 144 Price Ranges, layered navigation 469

eBook download 198 Product Counts, layered navigation 469

ECG 7 EU Member Countries 955

Eco tax 932 EU Place of Supply 931

Ecosystem, Magento 8 European Union

Editor, WYSIWYG 558 Example Tax Configuration 967

Email Evergreen content 531

a Friend 322-323 Export 1019

a Friend, configure 323 product data 1019

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 1149

 Index

product types 1019 product image cache 1087

Settings 1019 Footer 102, 598

Export, criteria 1021 Forum, Magento 5, 8

Export, Exclude 1022 FPT 932

Export, filters 1022 attribute 934

Expressed consent, cookies 125 configuration 933

Extensions 1046 in attribute set 936

Extensions, install 1114 in product 937

France, PayPal solutions 809

F Free

Facebook 8, 566 shipping 832

Favicon 99 shipping, price rule 368

FedEx 846 FTP calculations 932

shipping labels 852 Full

Feed reader 433 page cache, settings 1090

Fields, default values 153 reindex 1095

Filter
G
controls 73

Filterable Gateway, payment 823

attribute 464, 988 General

Filters 63 Contact 90-91

Firefox, email 383 Germany, PayPal 809

Firewall 122 Gift Card

Fixed Product Tax 932 refund 754

input type 314 Gift Options 234

Flat configure 706

catalog 144 product 706

setup 144 Gift Wrapping

Rate Shipping 834 refund 754

Flush Global

JavaScript cache 1087 search 63, 71

1150 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

Index

Gmail 382 Home page 536

Goods & Services Tax 962 New Products list 584

Google 523 Home Page, create 554

Analytics 523 Home Page, default 539

Analytics, cookies 129 Hong Kong, PayPal solutions 809

Merchant Center 523 HTML

Reader 433 editor 558

Sitemap 492, 523 email 392

Universal Analytics 524 Head 596

Grid in product description 988

Catalog 136 product descriptions 313

filter 73 HTML, Page Setup 595

layout 73

sort 72 I

Grid, columns 547 Image

Grid, Product 458 cache, flush 1087
Group price 241 import 1015
Grouped Product 155 size 269
create 175 URL 559
GST 962 zoom 277
Guest Image, placeholders 278
retrieve cart contents 674 Image, watermarks 279

Implementation 52
H
Implied consent, cookies 125

Handle 617 Import

Header 597 Behavior 1018

welcome message 101 guidelines 1017

Header template, email 393 images 1015

Help 5 table rates, shipping 840

Hidden category 290, 299 Tax Rates 943

Hold, order 693 In Anchor, category 301

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 1151

 Index

In Stock 258 Invoice 77, 736

Inbox, Admin 68 Comments 738

Include / Exclude Tax 973 Print 742

Include in Invoiced

Advanced Search 475 order, download product 206

Navigation Menu 299 IP Address, Limit Sending By 324

Index 1092 IP ddress 913

actions 1095 iPhone, email 382

Management 1092 Italy, PayPal solutions 809

modes 1092 Iterative splitting, price navigation 468

Indexing speed 144

Input type J

Date 313 Japan, PayPal solutions 809

Dropdown 314 JavaScript
Fixed Product Tax 314 cache 1087
Media Image 314 JavaScript, merge 626
Multiple Select 314

Price 314 K

Text Area 313 Knowledge base 5

Text Field 313

Yes/No 313 L

Insert image 559 Label

Install shipping 853
Magento 57 Landing page 481
Interface text, change 1109 Landing page, login 644
Internet Explorer Language 108
email 383 Language Pack, Add 902
Inventory Layered navigation
Configuration 260 configuration 471
Manage Stock 258 Layered Navigation 301, 463, 987

filterable 464

1152 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

Index

Interval Division Limit 469 M

product count 463 Magento

Layered Price Navigation Step 301 account 21
layout Connect 53, 1047
update 605 cookies 128
Layout Solutions Partners 52
custom 305 Magento Connect, Install Extension 902
Layout Update 617 Magento Marketplace 622, 1046, 1114
syntax 609, 612 Magnify image 277
widget 574, 587 Main menu 454
Like button, Facebook 566 Manage
Link Customers 77
image 559 Products 77
LinkedIn 8 Stock 258
Linux 12 Stores 897, 907
List, Product 458 MAP 246
Listing Sort By, category 301 MAP (Minimum Advertised Price) 246
Load sequence 617 Marketing
local.xml 1058 menu 61
Locale 84 Reports 871
Locale, language 902 markup tag 561
Login 638 Markup tag 437, 441, 444
Admin 57 Media
demo store 58 image, input type 314
Landing page 644 retrieval, CDN 1060
Magento account 21 Storage 559, 1059
Logo 597 Storage, database 1058
email 384 URL 142, 559
header 96 URL, markup tag 441
Loyalty program 51 Media Storage 555

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 1153

 Index

Menu Orders 641

Customers 631 Product Reviews, customer 641

Products 133 MySQL 13

Merchandising tools 48 Fulltext Search 479

Merchant level, PCI 122

Merchant solutions, PayPal 47 N

Message Name and Address Options 647

InBox 68 Name, customer 647
Messages, Admin 68 Navigation 299, 453
Meta Breadcrumb trail 456
Information 44, 488 Top 454
Description 488 New
Keywords 488 Customers 67
page 549 order state 725
Title 488 Products list 433, 578, 585
tag, canonical 490 New Zealand, PayPal solutions 809
Mini Cart 665 Newsletter 50, 423
Minimum Advertised Price 246, 248 configuration 424
Minimum Order Amount 669 Queue 428
Miscellaneous subscribers 78
HTML 598 templates 426
Misspelled words Next page link 461
redirect 481 Nginx 12
Moderate, product reviews 335-336 No
Money Order 812 layout updates 305
Multi-Address Minimum Order 669 Non-sessioned visit 1090
Multiple Not Capture 741
Select, input type 314 Notifications, Admin 68
Music download 198

My O

Account 21 Offline, refund 751, 756

1154 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

Index

On Hold, order status 692, 725 Pages

Onepage Checkout 702 Default 539

Online Pagination 461

status, product 151 controls 63, 72, 477

Online customers 634 Parent

Online refund 751, 756 category 305

Opt-in 424 Partial

Oracle 13 order, refund 754

Order 725, 736 reindex 1095

cancel 693 Partners, find 61

fulfillment 53 partners, Magento 7

review 702 Password 122, 638

status 725, 728 Password Options 649

update 692 Pay Now button, PayPal 799

Order processing 47 payment

Orders and Returns 578 gateways 792

Out of Stock 258 Payment

Outlook 382-383 actions 741

gateways 52, 823

P methods 52

Packing slip 736 options 47

Page 535 Review, order status 725

create 549 services 52

session, customer 1090 Payment Card Industry (PCI) 122

Translate 906 Payment Methods

Page Footer 598 Authorize.Net 824

Page Layout 232, 305, 599, 602 Cash on Delivery 814

examples 602 Check / Money Order 812

Page Not Found 537 Purchase Order 818

Page Search 543 Zero Subtotal Checkout 820

Page Setup 595

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 1155

 Index

PayPal 791 Persistent

business account 807 cookie 674

Express Checkout 762, 791 shopping cart 674

Billing Agreements 778 PHP script

merchant solutions 47 database media storage 1058

Payflow Link 803 Placeholders, image 278

Payflow Pro 801 Plugins 1046

Payments Advanced 793 PO 818

Payments Pro 797 Point of Origin 828

Payments Standard 799 Poll 322

Settlement Report 780 pop-ups, allow 1109

solutions 810 Popular Search Terms 482

Webiste Payments Standard 799 Postal code, optional 87

PayPal In-Context Checkout 776 Previous page link 461

PCI Compliance 122 Price

PDF display 981

credit memo 749 drill-down 468

PDF Printouts 418 input type 314

Pending navigation 463, 468

order status 725, 738 Range, bundle product 187

order, download product 206 Special 243

Payment, order status 725 Tier 244

PayPal, order status 725 View, bundle product 187

Reviews 335-336 Price group 241

Percona 13 Price Rule

Permanent Catalog 341, 348

(301) 508, 513, 517, 521 condition, attributes 984

Redirect 501 coupon 364

Permissions promotions 372, 374

admin 1049 Shopping Cart 351

custom 1054

1156 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

Index

Price Type markup tag 442

Fixed 227 new 442

Percentage 227 ratings 51

Print relationships 219, 221, 223

credit memo 749 return workflow 753

shipping labels 848 reviews 51, 335

Privacy moderate 335-336

policy 123, 127, 537 Simple 157

Processing, order status 725 suggestions 48

Product type

attributes, add 308 export 1019

Bundle 187 Video 273

catalog 52 Virtual 182

Configurable 163 workspace 150

Configurations, add 166 Product Alerts

create 149 configuration 266

data, export 1019 run settings 268

Description Product Attributes 307

HTML 988 Product Field Auto-Generation 153

Downloadable 156 product images 276

file structure 1004 Product List 458

Group price 241 Product Scope 112

Grouped 175 Product Settings 209

image cache 1087 Product Stock Options 260

image, watermarks 279 Product variations 166

image, zoom 277 Product View Page, visible on 988

images 269 Products

Information menu 61

Design 232 Products menu 133

list 988 Promotions

by category 442 Price Rules 372

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 1157

 Index

Provincial Sales Tax 962 full 1095

PST 962 partial 1095

Publish Reindex Required 144

page 553 Related

Purchase Order 818 Products 219

Remember Me, shopping cart 674, 676

Q Report

QR code 364 Coupon Usage 367

Quantity statistics, refresh 869

Discount 244 Reports 865

Quick Search 474 Marketing 871

attributes 984 menu 61

Sales 875
R Reset, password 638

Rating, product 337 Responsive Web Design (RWD) 620

Recently Compared Products 578 Return to Stock 750, 754

Recently Viewed Products 334, 578 Reviews 322

Record selection 63 Reviews and Ratings 335-336

Redirect Reward Points

misspelled words 481 product review 335

type 508, 512, 517, 521 Rewrite

URL 499 type 508, 512, 517, 521

Refresh RMA 50

cache 1087 robots.txt 492

report data 869 Role

statistics 869 custom 1054

Refund Resources 1055

offline 751, 756 Root

online 751, 756 category 290, 296

Reindex RSS feed 51, 433

events 1094 Run settings, product alerts 268

1158 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

Index

S Security 122, 1063

Sales systems 122

email 91 Web API 1045

menu 61 Security certificate 913

Representative 90 Select

Sales Reports 875 All 75

Sample Visible 75

page 536 Select All 77

Schedule Select Visible 77

Design changes 627 Selection, records 63

Scheduled Jobs, cron 1099 Sender Email 90

Scope 108, 986 SEO 44

Customer account 116 SERP 218

settings 108 Service Unavailable 538

Scope, product 112 Session

Search cookie 127, 674

Admin 71 customer 1090

configure 479 ID 1090

default 479 Session Validation 1081

global 71 Sessioned visit 1090

Pages 543 Settings, product 209

quick 474 Settlement Report, PayPal Express

results 477 Checkout 780

tools, storefront 473 SFTP

Search engine user account, PayPal 780

friendly URLs 139 Share account, Magento 25

optimization 44 Ship

Search Engine Optimization 218 Bundle Items 197

Search Terms 78, 481 Shipment 736

add 484 Shipping

carriers 845

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 1159

 Index

Dimensional weight 843 Solutions Partners, Magento 52

labels 853 Sort 63

options 47 attributes 984

rates controls 72

import 836 product list 301

refund 749 Spain, PayPal solutions 809

Shipping Labels 47, 847 Spam 424

configure 849 Special Price 243

create 848 Special Products, RSS feed 435

Shipping Methods 53, 831-832, 834, 836 SSL 913

Shipping Prices, tax 957 Startup Page

Shipping Settings 828 Admin 66

Shop By 463 State is required for 85

Shopping States Options 85

history 50 Static URL 139

Shopping Cart Status

persistent 674, 678 change 75

price rule 351, 364, 372, 374 Stock Availability 258

thumbnails 672 catalog page 264

Shopping Cart Thumbnails 174 product page 263

Sidebar, block reference 575 scenarios 262

Simple product, create 157 Storage

Sitemap 44, 492 configuration, media 1059

SKU Store

in price rules 348 URL 58

multiple 348 Store Demo Notice 104

use of 163 Store Hierarchy 897, 907

Slider Store Information 81-82

jQuery 569 Store URL, markup tag 441

Small Image 269, 272 Storefront

Software download 198 Branding 95

1160 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

Index

CAPTCHA 1074 Target Path, redirect 508, 512, 517, 521

Stores Tax 53, 923-924

menu 61 Calculation Settings 973

Stores, multiple 107, 897 class

Subcategory 290, 299 customer group 651

Subdomain, CDN 1060 VAT 952

Surveys 322 Class

Suspected Fraud, order status 725 Customer group 928

Swatches 282 Digital Goods 931

Swatches, create 284 Discount Settings 973-974

Switch Accounts 27 rates

Synchronization 1058 VAT 952

Syndicated content 433 Rounding 956

Synonyms 484 rules 924

search terms 481 VAT 952

Syntax Warning Messages 973

layout update 612 Tax as line item 957

System Tax Calculation Methods 956

attribute 995 Tax Class, VAT 967

backup 1098 Tax Rate

menu 61 Point of Origin 828

passwords 122 Tax Rates

System Requirements 12 Import 943

Tax Zones and Rates 941

T Tax, Quick Reference 956

Table Rate, shipping 836 Template

Tag layout update, widget 579

cloud 482 tag 442

Tags variables 437

product Templates, transactional email 401

RSS feed 433 Temporary (302) redirect 508, 513, 517, 521

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 1161

 Index

Terms and Conditions 702 United Kingdom, PayPal solutions 810

Text United States

Area, input type 313 Tax Configuration 960

editor 558 United States, PayPal solutions 810

Field, input type 313 Universal Analytics, Google 524

Theme 45, 590-591 Unlock

change 622 Admin account 1053

Theme, default 620 Unselect

Themes 1046 All 75

Third-party Visible 75

applications 52 Unselect All 77

Thumbnail 272, 672 Unselect Visible 77

Image 276 Up-sell products 221, 331

Tier Price 244 Update Attributes 76

Timezone 84 UPS 846

Top Level Category, RSS feed 435 shipping labels 852

Top navigation 454 URL 1060

Training 7 category path 140

Transactional emails 323 custom 44

templates 401 dynamic 139

Translate Key 139, 218

Field Labels 904 page 549

Page 906 options 139

Product Fields 904 redirect 499

Translate Store 902 static 139

TVQ 962 suffix 218

Twitter 8 Use

Default checkbox 110, 903

U for Promo Rule Conditions 988

UI Text 1109 in Quick Search 478

Under construction 104 Use Secure URLs (SSL) 913

1162 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide

Index

User Websites

guides 5 multiple 107, 897

User guides 5 product 230

User Role, Admin 1052 WEEE tax 932

USPS 846 Weight

shipping labels 852 Bundle Product 197

Weight, dimensional 843

V Welcome 3

Value Added Tax 923-924, 946 message 101, 597

Variable, markup tag 441 message, block 609

Variables 437-439, 561 White list 428

email 392 Whitelist, Developer 1109

VAT 946 Widget 443, 560, 579

ID location 954 add to page 560

VAT Tax Class 967 code 443

VAT Validation 951 email 392

configure 952 New Products 585

Video, product 273 Widgets 577

Virtual Wiki 5

Product 155, 182 Wishlist 322, 329

Visit configuration 327

non-sessioned 1090 in RSS feed 435

sessioned 1090 Workflow

order 725
W WYSIWYG Editor 558

Watermarks, product image 279 enable 313

Web API Security 1045

X
Web server

synchronization 1058 XML 605, 616

Webinars 5, 8

Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide 1163

 Index

Yes/No, input type 313

YouTube 8

Zero Subtotal Checkout 820

Zones, tax 941

1164 Magento Community Edition 2.1 User Guide