BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

VOLUME 2, NO. 1

THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA

(Acarina: Eriophyidae)
BY
H. H. KEIFER
(California Scare Department of Agriculture)

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS

BERKELEY A N D LOS ANGELES
1352
 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Editors: E. 0. Essig, S. B. Freeborn, E. G. Linsley, R. L. Usinger

Volume 2, No. 1, pp. 1-128, plates 1-39

Submitted by Editors, May 6, 1952

Issued December 12, 1952

Price $2.00

UNIVERSITY O F CALIFORNIA PRESS

BERKELEY A N D LOS ANGELES

CALIFORNIA

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS

L O N D O N , ENGLAND

PRINTED BY OFFSET IN THE UNITED STATBS OF AMERICA

 Contents
Page
Introduction .......................... 1

Hostlist ........................... 5

Keys to Genera. Species. and higher Groups . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Discussion of Species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Bib 1iography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Host index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

L i s t of c o m n names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Index t o mites. Genera. Species. etc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 08

P l a t e symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

L i s t of plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA
Introduction
I h i s B u l l e t i n i s t h e r e s u l t of f i f t e e n years would c l a s s i f y these mites a t the present, faces
of intermittent exploration of California f o r t h e prospect of a growing number of species i n the
Friophyid mites. hhen t h e work began i n 1937 t h e large genera, and of broad revisions t o come. B u t
principal species recognized were the r e l a t i v e l y I believe the average type of Eriophyid t o have a l -
few economic species. Ihis s i t u a t i o n not only l e f t ready been p r e t t y w e l l defined, since these mites
an opportunity t o discover and describe new spe- a r e widespread, and ancient i n o r i g i n .
c i e s , i t a l s o demanded t h a t a s many new Eriophyids As w e now know these tiny creatures, they con-
as possible be put i n p r i n t i n order t o erect a s t i t u t e a closed group, s t r u c t u r a l l y pointing t o
taxonomic framework. As a r e s u l t , t h i s sumnary now themselves. On t h e outside, c e r t a i n Phytoptopal-
presents a l i s t of 186 species i n 39 genera. p i d s , by reduction of l e g number, and elongation of
Certain c m o n names a r e current f o r mites of t h e abdomen, would seem t o suggest some r e l a t i o n -
t h i s family. The most usual one is g a l l m i t e . s h i p to Eriophyids. B u t t h i s question needs much
Another term is b l i s t e r m i t e . More specialized f u r t h e r study, and f u r t h e r exploration of the
names a r e bud mite and r u s t mite. 1 am using world f o r intermediate forms.
t h e term Eriophyid m i t e because t h e majority of Ihe Demodecids have been taxonomically asso-
the species do not cause any noticeable i n j u r y t o c i a t e d with Eriophyids. Ihese mites, which are
t h e i r hosts and any name depending on a p a r t i c u l a r animal p a r a s i t e s , have e i g h t stumpy l e g s , which
plant deformation, and used f o r a l l of the mites i n bear claws not s i m i l a r t o those on t h e Eriophyid
t h i s family, emphasizes some c h a r a c t e r i s t i c of but leg.
a small f r a c t i o n of the whole. For example, i f w e Eriophyids average about 1/5 of a millemeter
c a l l these mites b l i s t e r mites, w e are s t r e s s i n g i n length. Iheir main d i s t i n c t i o n i s the presence
the a c t i v i t i e s of Eriophyes pyri alone and i g - of only four l e g s ( I have seen nothing on these
noring t h e remainder. mites t o suggest the f a t e of t h e other two p a i r of
hodern Eriophyid taxonomy o r i g i n a t e s from t h e legs; perhaps some undiscovered form may give the
basis l a i d down by t h e Austrian, Alfred Nalepa. He answer t o t h i s question.) Eriophyids also have the
worked on these mites from 1887 t o 1929, and h i s g e n i t a l i a placed proximally, j u s t behind the coxae.
descriptions were the f i r s t adequate ones. A l l The abdomen i s elongate and its surface is charac-
names given to these mites previous to the begin- t e r i z e d by t h e presence of narrow transverse rings
ning of h i s work a r e r e s t i n g on inadequate de- which a r e typically set with small rounded or
s c r i p t i o n s a t best. I f i t were not f o r the s p e c i f i c pointed bead-like s t r u c t u r e s , here called micro-
hostplant relationships of the species w e could tubercles.
probably hardly recognize any of them, since t h e The Eriophyid chelicerae are a p a i r of s l e n -
authors inadequately described or ignored t h e actu- der s t y l e t s which puncture the plant t i s s u e with-
a l m i t e structure. n e s e pre-Nalepa names a r e most- out causing t h e death, or imnediate death, of the
l y names without descriptions. effected cells. These s t y l e t s rest i n a groove on
It has been my i n t e n t i o n a l l along to build as the dorso-anterior s i d e of the rostrum. ?he ros-
much a s possible on Nalepas foundation. I have trum is a j o i n t e d s t r u c t u r e with what appears t o be
principally added t o h i s generic and higher a r - a basal and an apical j o i n t . Ihe basal j o i n t bears
rangements by u t i l i z i n g t h e beak s t r u c t u r e t o cre- a seta on each s i d e of t h e cheliceral groove. lhere
a t e the, tribe Diptilomiopini; by using t h e s i t u a - is a l s o a subapical seta i n this same position on
t i o n of the dorsal tubercles to erect new genera; t h e d i s t a l j o i n t of t h e rostrum. lhe apex of the
and by elevating t h e s t a t u s of e x t r a s h i e l d and rostrum c o n s i s t s of a p a i r of pads, apparently f o r
abdominal setae to subfamily significance. t h e purposes of conducting s a l i v a t o the chelicerae
\\e have before u s a world t h a t is but s l i g h t l y and sucking up t h e p l a n t juices. Ihese pads bear
explored f o r Eriophyids. This is not surprising, sensory p a p i l l a e on t h e i r r e a r edge. The main
considering the microscopic s i z e of these mites. s t r u c t u r e of t h e rostrum evidently represents what
Not many people understand how t o c o l l e c t Erio- Snodgrass (1948) designated as t h e palps i n the
phyids. Be have l i t e r a t u r e t r e a t i n g a considerable Tetranychidae. For further information 0 1 1 the anat-
number of t h e species t h a t occur i n Europe, and i n omy of these mites s e e Hassan, 1928.
California. B u t with the possible exception of J a - Ihe subfamily and t r i b a l arrangement which I
va, other areas a r e e s s e n t i a l l y blank. Anyone who use is based on what I consider t o be certain fun-

1
2 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

damental characters. ' h e r e are four subfamilies i n egg t o the adult takes from about ten days t o two
t h e k e y s . They f i t themselves i n t o a c i r c l e divided Neeks.
i n t o quarters. ' h e v e r t i c a l d i v i s i o n of t h i s c i r c l e B u t Eriophyid l i f e h i s t o r i e s a r e not a l l s i m -
separates the two subfamilies bearing three or four ple. ' h e r e is an explanation, gained through exper-
s h i e l d s e t a e from the two having two or no s h i e l d imental taxonomy, f o r the functions of two types of
setae. l h e horizontal d i v i s i o n separates the worm- females i n c e r t a i n species. But no experimental
l i k e budmites from the fusiform l e a f vagrants or d a t a a r e on hand t o e l u c i d a t e the s i t u a t i o n s i n
rustmites. 'his l a t t e r d i v i s i o n depends primarily complex populations i n l e a f g a l l s .
on whether or not the s h i e l d p r o j e c t s over the ros- I n the case of two types of females i n one
trum base. lhe projection of t h e s h i e l d over the species, t h e condition is known a s deuterogyny.
rostrum base is an important character. M i l e i t is Ijeuterogyny, so f a r a s i t is known, is present only
usually accompanied by t h e presence of broad back i n Phyllocoptine species on deciduous t r e e s and
p l a t e s or t e r g i t e s , i t still c a r r i e s t h e m i t e along shrubs. reuterogynous s p e c i e s have, f i r s t , the p r i -
w i t h a l l other species t h a t have this projection mary form or protogyne, which is the female resem-
even when the broad back p l a t e condition i s not b l i n g the male, t h a t e x i s t s only on the leaves of
present. P l a t e B i l l u s t r a t e s t h e circle arrange- its hostplant. The protogyne and male make up the
ment of the subfamilies and lists the separation p e r f e c t form of t h e species.
criteria. The secondary female ar deutogyne is the i m -
Bud and g a l l mites of the genera Eriophyes and p e r f e c t form and i s s p e c i a l i z e d f o r hibernation
Aceria have evenly ringed, wormlike abdomens, which (including a e s t i v a t i o n i n some cases). Deutogynes
we can c a l l Eriophyiform. Opposed t o t h i s the broad appear i n response to l e a f maturing or the coming
back-plate types a r e PhyZ locoptiform. A l l nymphs of lower f a l l temperatures. They cannot reproduce
with one exception are Eriophyiform. The broad back i n the year t h a t they grow and must q u i t t h e leaves
p l a t e condition and the lack of microtubercles a r e when f u l l y fed, regardless of t h e t i m e of year.
s t r u c t u r a l modifications t h a t e x i s t only i n the ?hey usually become dormant i n bark crevices, but
adult s t a g e s of p a r t of the species, that is, i n some sequester themselves around l a t e r a l buds. h r -
the Phyllocoptinae and Sierraphytoptinae. &Some spe- i n g the s p r i n g these deutogynes come out of h i -
c i e s with the s h i e l d projecting over t h e rostrum bernation and l a y eggs on the new leaves, which
base and classed i n these t w o subfamilies neverthe- eggs hatch i n t o t h e p e r f e c t form of the species.
less have Eriophyiform abdomens. One possible ex- Since t h e d e u t o g p e is an imperfect s t a g e i t
planation i s t h a t the abdominal condition is a is not e n t i r e l y s u i t a b l e f o r taxonomic purposes.
carry-over from the nymphal stage. The keys i n t h i s b u l l e t i n do not take deutogynes
I have systematically disregarded almost a l l i n t o consideration and mst would run t o the wrong
male Eriophyids i n developing the taxonomy of the categories. k u t o g y n e s tend to resemble each oth-
California species. With the exception of t h e geni- er regardless of species or genus. l h u s t h e i r prin-
t a l s t r u c t u r e s (and the males of Anthocoptes punc- c i p a l taxonomic s i g n i f i c a n c e may be to i n d i c a t e
tidorsa and PhyZZocoptes dirorphus 1, males only t r u e r e l a t i o n s h i p between genera and species. The
d i f f e r from the females by being a l i t t l e smaller. account of experiments proving deuterogyny is i n
I have c o n s i s t e n t l y i l l u s t r a t e d c e r t a i n female gen- Eriophyid S t u d i e s XII.
i t a l s t r u c t u r e s lying j u s t under t h e coverflap. Eriophyid mites a r e c r e a t u r e s of perennial
lhese are: 1. the g e n i t a l opening; 2. t h e a n t e r i o r p l a n t s s i n c e annuals do not a f f o r d a s t a b l e b a s i s
projection which I c a l l t h e anterior genital apo- f o r developement and colony founding. h e n an Erio-
deae; 3. two p o s t e r i o r gland-like s t r u c t u r e s sup- phyid k i l l s its host (example: tomato r u s s e t mite)
posed t o be t h e semenile vesicles. 'Ihe apodeme the r e l a t i o n s h i p is unnatural. ne reason back of
appears t o have a c e r t a i n amount of s p e c i f i c s i g - t h i s is t h a t these mites a r e not f a c u l t a t i v e trav-
nificance i n its s t r u c t u r a l variations. However, elers and must depend on forces o u t s i d e t h e i r con-
when t h e g e n i t a l i a are 'appressed' t o t h e coxae, trol t o reach new i n d i v i d u a l s of t h e i r host p l a n t
t h i s apodeme is shortened i n v e n t r a l view and has species.
generic significance. Eriophyid host r e l a t i o n s are intimate and
The student can only examine these i n t e r n a l nearly always show a high degree of s p e c i f i c i t y .
g e n i t a l s t r u c t u r e s i n c h l o r a l hydrate or l a c t i c For t h a t reason a host list is a valuable and nec-
acid media by c u t t i n g the specimen before heat e s s a r y means f o r i d e n t i f y i n g mite species. Part of
t r e a t i n g . Otherwise t h e i n t e r n a l pressures derelop- the m i t e s w i l l go from one p l a n t species t o another
i n g i n the m i t e body invariably blow o u t these i n one p l a n t genus. (Exanrple: Aceria brachytarsus
structures. forms purse g a l l s on both species of black walnuts
Eriophyids have a simple d i r e c t development n a t i v e to C a l i f o r n i a , but w i l l not go t o the im-
a f t e r hatching. 'Ihey pass t h r u t w o nymphal i n s t a r s , ported English walnut.) Sane have a host range ex-
t h e second producing the a d u l t a f t e r a r e s t i n g pe- tending through r e l a t e d p l a n t genera. B u t only the
r i o d or 'pseudopupa'. I n t h i s r e s t i n g stage the b i g beaked plum m i t e (Diptacus gigantorhynchus)
g e n i t a l i a form and protrude through the body w a l l crosses p l a n t family l i n e s , i n California.
(nymphs have the g e n i t a l s e t a e but no e x t e r i o r i n - Most Eriophyids cause no noticeable i n j u r y t o
d i c a t i o n of t h e g e n i t a l organs). Growth from the t h e i r hosts. ?he p l a n t deformations t h a t a minority
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 3

of the species cause a r e w e l l known. A list of gum arabic. Add no glycerin or water as both have
types of deformations and i n j u r y is a s follows: undesirable r e s u l t s i n t h i s mixture.
1. l e a f d i s c o l o r a t i o n such a s browning or s i l v e r - lhis medium c l e a r s and expands the m i t e s by
ing; 2. l e a f erineum, which is the developement of heating. It is b e s t used a s a bulk recovery f l u i d
patches of h a i r s or p a p i l l a e : 3. l e a f pocketing, f o r simnering i n a small casserole, but is a l s o
such a s bead g a l l s , purse g a l l s ; 4. l e a f b l i s t e r s useable on a s l i d e under a coverslip. ?he casserole
i n which the t i s s u e becomes spongy and d i e s be- method is mainly f o r finding m i t e s preserved with
tween the epidermal l a y e r s ; 5. l e a f f o l d s , diagonal dry p l a n t p a r t s . Pour t h e processed specimens i n
or longitudinal; 6. l e a f edgerolling; 7. l e a f t h i s onto glass s l i d e s and pick out the mites by
s t u n t i n g and l e a f deformation (extending t o the using transmitted l i g h t . Needle them i n t o the f o l -
f r u i t a t times); 8. woody g a l l s around buds; 9. de- lowing mixture which s t a r t s the process of s t a i n
velopment of h a i r s on a l l leaves on an in- s e t t i n g and resorcinol polymerization, and removes
f e s t e d branch; 10. stunted shoots becoming a clus- excess resorcinol.
ter of buds harboring numerous mites; 11. i n one B. Intermediate solution:
case drying of bulbs. 12. bud b l a s t i n g . 1. Table sugar (sucrose) . . . 1.0 gram
Certain g a l l mite species of the Eriophyidae (Or sucrose 0.5 gr. , and
a t t r a c t a t t e n t i o n by the l e a f modifications they glycerin 0.5 cc)
produce. lhese modifications, or g a l l s , a r e char- 3. Chloral hydrate c r y s t a l s . 8.n grams
a c t e r i s t i c f o r t h e m i t e s p e c i e s making them. B u t 3. Potassium iodide . . . . . 0.2 gram
c e r t a i n p l a n t s , harboring g a l l m i t e s , a l s o have 4. Iodine c r y s t a l s . . . . . . 0.35 gram
populations of what appear t o be s t r u c t u r a l l y these Grind i n mortar, t r a n s f e r
same mites, t h a t do not produce g a l l s . Examples to screw-cap v i a l
are: the grape erineum m i t e and t h e grape bud mite; 5. Formaldehyde sol. 1/2 s t r e n g t h
t h e pear l e a f b l i s t e r m i t e and the pear bud m i t e ; 30 drops
and the linden g a l l mite, with c e r t a i n linden trees S c r e w cap down t i g h t l y and warm f o r several hours
t h a t have mites of t h i s same type which never pro- a t 45O C.
duce l e a f g a l l s . Men needling mites i n t o t h i s second medium be
l h e c o l l e c t i o n of Eriophyids i s not as d i f f i - c a r e f u l not t o allow the resorcinol t o become con-
c u l t f i e l d work as one might suppose. A ten-power centrated enough t o j e l l . a s the mites do not sep-
hand l e n s is necessary f o r exploration. P l a n t de- a r a t e r e a d i l y from t h i s J e l l . Ihe mites can be l e f t
formations and i n j u r y a r e t h e e a s i e s t to see and f o r an i n d e f i n i t e period i n t h i s medium, and usual-
draw a t t e n t i o n t o t h e m i t e s causing them, but the l y should be l e f t i n i t f o r a f e w hours a t l e a s t .
most i n t e r e s t i n g Eriophyids, taxonomically, a r e I f mites a r e given t h e s o l u t i o n A treatment, this
those which cause no noticeable a l t e r a t i o n on t h e i r second mixture would be a very s a t i s f a c t o r y medium
hosts. Random searching w i l l usually d i s c l o s e more i n which t o s h i p them i n a v i a l . \%henproperly
mites than one might expect. To find these g a l l - cured i n B, t r a n s f e r the mites t o the following
l e s s species examine buds, p e t i o l e bases, both mixture, which is the permanent mounting medium and
s i d e s of the leaves, and green stems. No Erio- which a t t a i n s a c e r t a i n degree of firmness.
phyids w i l l be found on annuals. C. Final or permanent medium
Wrap w e l l i n f e s t e d p l a n t p a r t s i n s o f t t i s s u e , I. Gun a r a b i c powder . . . . 0 . 5 gram
place i n an envelope bearing the d a t a , e s p e c i a l l y 2. Table sugar . . . . . . . 0.5 gram
the name of the h o s t p l a n t , and allow t o dry. File 3. Chloral hydrate c r y s t a l s 7.0 grams
f o r f u t u r e reference, or send to a s p e c i a l i s t . 4. Potassium iodide c r y s t a l s 0 . 2 gram
Lightly i n f e s t e d p l a n t p a r t s may not be s a t i s f a c - 5. Iodine c r y s t a l s . .0.3 t o 0.35 grams
tory when handled t h i s way, but putting the m i t e s Grind i n mortar, t r a n s f e r
i n alcohol or o t h e r l i q u i d should be avoided a s t o screw-cap v i a l
much a s possible (except as noted below). 6 . Formaldehyde, 1/4 t o 1/2 strength
For the preparation and study of Eriophyids I 18 drops (or more)
recommend the following formulae: Gum a r a b i c w i l l not d i s s o l v e readily i n the above
A. The preparatory solution: mixture. The b e s t method is t o put 2 grams of
1. Gum a r a b i c powder . . . . . 1.0 gram c h l o r a l hydrate i n t h e o r i g i n a l mix, heat a t 450
2. Resorcinol c r y s t a l s . . . . 3.0 grams under a t i g h t l y screwed cap u n t i l the gum is i n
3. Potassium iodide c r y s t a l s . 0.2 gram solution, and then add the rest of t h e c h l o r a l hy-
4. Iodine c r y s t a l s . . .0.2 to 0.35 gram d r a t e . Orient t h e m i t e s by pushing t h e coverslip.
Grind i n mortar, t r a n s f e r As hardening progresses it w i l l be increasingly
powder t o screw-cap v i a l d i f f i c u l t t o t u r n the mites.
5. L a c t i c acid, comnercial I have experimented with g i a n t molecule w a t e r
s o l u t i o n . . . . . . . . 10.0 cc soluble s y n t h e t i c r e s i n s , but t h e i r rubbery nature,
6 . Hydrochloric acid . . . . . 8 drops and t h e f a c t t h a t they imbibe too much w a t e r while
Screw the cap down t i g h t l y and heat i n a 45 C oven dissolving, makes them fundamentally u n s a t i s f a c -
for 4 t o 5 hours, or long enough t o dissolve t h e tory. Gum arabic, i n s p i t e of i t s f a u l t s , is a
4 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

small molecule substance and therefore dissolves b o t h e r example concerns the pear r u s t mite,
i n a minimum amount of water. Sugars a r e a l s o which I have named Epitrimerus pirifoliae. Nalepa
based on small molecules. has described Epitrimerus pyri of Europe without
Some remarks a r e a l s o necessary about the mentioning the most s t r i k i n g character of piri-
keys t o genera and species. I n the f i r s t place foliae, namely the prominent l a t e r a l lobes of the
poor preparations o f the mites w i l l not show the shield.
necessary characters. Use of the o i l inunersion A l l specimens r e f e r r e d t o i n t h i s paper t h a t
lens w i l l be necessary t o examine the featherclaws are i n existence are i n t h e c o l l e c t i o n o f the
and skin microtubercles. ' h e characters separating State Gepartment of Agriculture a t Sacramento. I n
the genera should be f a i r l y c l e a r i n most cases. the case of p a r t of t h e records of comnon species
Subdorsal longitudinal furrows may give consider- I have saved no specimens. Before 1942 I was not
able trouble a t times, e s p e c i a l l y on f l a t t e n e d using the formaldehyde medium and a l l specimens
species. I have r e l i e d much on s h i e l d p a t t e r n s i n placed on s l i d e s before then a r e now destroyed.
some of the keys. Shield p a t t e r n s a r e variable, Most of the specimens s i n c e then, i n formaldehyde
frequently being unequal on t h e two s i d e s of the medium, a r e i n existence, and i n tolerably good
same s h i e l d . So the student should study more than condition, although many a r e shriveled.
one specimen. B u t t h e r e is always the host l i s t t o
use f o r a check.
As already s t a t e d , deutogynes will not f i t 'Ihis publication has been possible through
i n t o t h e keys. lhe big-beaked forms w i l l run t o t h e generosity of Drs. E. Gorton Linsley, H. L.
the Giptilomiopini, but t h e o t h e r s w i l l a l l go to Usinger, and A. E. Pritchard of t h e University of
the genera PhyZZocoptes or Vasates. It is possible California Division of Entomology and Parasitology.
t o recognize deutogynes by t h e suppression or Many people have contributed specimens and t h e i r
absence of the microtubercles, p l u s t h e i r associ- names appear under "California records. " My work
ation with the primary forms. on Eriophyids began i n 1937 a t the suggestion of
Much work remains t o be done i n c o r r e l a t i n g D. B. Mackie, who was then Chief of the S t a t e Bu-
the California Eriophyids with the e a r l i e r de- reau of Entomology. I a l s o acknowledge the en-
scribed European species. lhis work cannot proceed couragement of t h e Present Chief of theBureau,
rapidly a t a long distance. An example of t h e need H. M. Armitage. To Dr. A. V. Massee, of the Ebtham-
f o r c o r r e l a t i o n is the s i t u a t i o n of a mite which I stead Experiment S t a t i o n , England, I am indebted
have described a s Aceria parapopuli. "his species for r e p r i n t s otherwise unobtainable. To Edna Willis
has a hump over the caudal lobes, a s t r u c t u r e not G a s k i l l , l i b r a r i a n of the State Department of 4-
mentioned f o r populi Nal. of Europe. ?he two popu- r i c u l t u r e , I am indebted f o r much help i n publish-
l a t i o n s of mites form woody bud g a l l s on poplar i n g a l l of the o r i g i n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s of these
twigs. mites .

Explanation of the Numbering System

Each genus bears a number based on i t s con- For example: Aceria heterothecae bears the
secutive arrangement i n t h e keys. Each species is number 9-24. ?his is t h e 24th species under genus
numbered consecutively under the genus. To f i n d a #9 i n t h e keys. I n t h e t e x t it occurs under h i n
species i n the key note the species number i n the genus #9, Aceria. The i l l u s t r a t i o n is on P l a t e
index. lhis number is also the p l a t e number. To 9-24.
f i n d a species i n the Species Treatment look f o r
the genus nunher and then f i n d t h e species alpha-
b e t i c a l l y arranged.
 11. Host List
POLYPOD1 ACEAE Needle vagrant
P t e r i s aquilina lanuginosa ( H ory) ,Bracken 32- 10. Epi trimerus taxodii ( K .
Vagrant on t h e underside of t h e fronds CU PRESSA CEAE
?5-4. Phyl locoptes dimorphus K. Cupressus rnacnabiana Murr., M&ab Cypress
PINACEAE Vagrant on new growth
Abies concolor L. & G . , Fhite f i r 3?-7. Epitrimerus cupressifoliae k.
Needle vagrant on new growth Cupressus macrocarpa Iiartw. , blonterey cypress
3?-4. Epitrimerus abietis K . Tip swellings on the twigs.
Abies magnifica klurr., Red F i r 1-2. Trisetacus cupressi f K . )
Needle vagrant on new growth Vagrant on new growth
7-1. Nalepella e&ae K. 28-1. Cupacarus cuprifestor K .
Cedrus a t l a n t i c a glauca Carr., Glaucus cedar Cupressus s a r g e n t i i Jepson, Sargent cypress
Needle vagrant on new growth Vagrant on new vigorous t i p s
5 - 5 . Phyl locoptes cedri I;. 3?-7. Epitrimerus cupressifoliae li.
Pinus j e f f r e y i Vasey, J e f f r e y pine G p r e s s u s sempervirens L., I t a l i a n cypress
Inhabitant of needle sheaths Vagrant on t h e t i p s
1-1. Trisetacus pini (Pial.) 31-5. Epitrimerus cupressi (K. )
? - I . Setoptus jonesi ( K . ) Juniperus c a l i f o r n i c u s Carr., California
Pinus muricata Ton., Bishop Pine juniper
Inhabitant of needle sheaths Vagrant on vigorous t i p s
3 - 1 . Setoptus jonesi ( K . ) 31-7. Epitr imerus cupressif o l iae K.
Pinus rnurrayana Balfour, Tamarac pine Juniperus chinensis procumbens Ehdl.,
Inhabitant of needle sheaths p r o s t r a t e juniper
30-2. Platyphytoptus mu1 tisternatus K. K i l l i n g twig t i p s
Pinus pinea L . , Stone or urnbrella pine 1-2. Trisetacus cupressi (K.)
Inhabitant of needle sheaths Libocedrus decurrens Torr. , incense cedar
30-1. Platyphytoptus sabinianae K. Vagrant on t h e twigs
Pinus ponderosa h u g l . , Yellow pine 32-8. Epitrimerus liboce.dri ( K . )
Inhabitant of needle sheaths GRAMIN A E
1-1. Trisetacus pini (Nal. Andropogon s p . , a coarse g r a s s
2-1. Setoptus jonesi (K. 1 Vagrant on t h e underside of t h e leaves
30-1. Ptatyphytoptus sabinianae K. 33-2. C a lepi t r imerus andropogonis I(.
Pinus r a d i a t a I b n . , Monterey pine Elymus t r i t i c o i d e s h c k l . , a perennial grass
Inhabitant of needle sheaths Inhabiting t h e longitudinal l e a f furrows
1-1. Trisetacus pini (Nal.) on t h e upper surface, possibly causing
Pinus sabiniana Dougl., Cigger pine some browning
Inhabitant of needle sheaths 17-5. Vasates rnckenziei K.
1-1. Trisetacus pini (Nal.) 20-1. Abacarus hystrix (Nal.)
30-1. Platyphytoptus sabinianae K. CYP ERACEA E
Pinus torreyana Parry, Torrey pine Carex barbarae Dew., Sedge
Inhabitant o f needle sheaths Inhabitant i n t h e l e a f bases
1-1. Trisetacus pini (Nal.) 11-14. Eriophyes caricis K.
2-1. Setoptus jonesi ( K . ) PALMACEAE
30-1. Platyphytoptus sabinianae K. Phoenix d a c t y l i f e t a L., d a t e palm
Pinus tuberculata Gord., Knobcone pine Inhabiting t h e folded center leaves
Inhabitant of needle sheaths 6-1. Mackiella phoenicis K.
30- 1. Platyphytoptus sabinianae K. Trachycarpus excelsa Wendl., Windmill palm
Pseudotsuga t a x i f o l i a (Lamb.1, Douglas f i r Inhabiting t h e folded center leaves
Vagrant on new growth 22-1. Tumescoptes trachycarpi K.
32-9. Epitrimerus pseudotsugae K . LILI ACEAE
Tsuga mertensiana (Bong. 1, Mountain hemlock A l l i u m cepa L., Onion
Vagrant on needles on new growth Living i n t h e bulb between the layers
7-2. Nalepella tsugae K. producing a dry condition
TAXODI ACEAE 9-49. Aceria tulipae ( K . )
Taxodium distichum Rich. Bald Cypress A l l i u m sativum L . , G a r l i c

5
6 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Inhabitant of the bulbs 3- 1 . Phytoptus avellanae Nal.

9-49. Aceria tulipae (k.) Undersurface l e a f vagrants
Aloe spinossissimi H o r t . , Aloe 13- 1 . Oxypleurites depressus Nal.
Living a t bases of leaves and causing 14-1. Coptophylla lamimani ( K . )
l a r g e warty deformations Corylus r o s t r a t a var. c a l i f o r n i c a A. K.,
9-46. Aceria aloinis (K.) Hazel nut
Nolina p a r r y i Mats., Nolina Undersurface l e a f vagrants
Vagrant on the o u t s i d e of the younger 17-11. Vasates tamalpais (K.
leaves 39-3. Diptacus calicoryli ( K . )
34-1. Acamina nolinae ( K . ) FAGACEAE
Tulipa sp. (gesneriana L. ?), Tulip Nothofagus menziesii, N e w Zealand oak
Inhabitant of bulbs Terminal s t u n t i n g and bud c l u s t e r s
9-49. Aceria tulipae ( K . ) 9-6. Aceria waltheri ( K . )
SAL1 CACEA E %ercus a g r i f o l i a Nee., Coast l i v e oak
Populus fremontii Kats., attonwood Upper surface l e a f vagrant
Large pendant gall of f a s c i a t e d 23-1. Acaricalus segundus K .
outgrowths on staminate c a t k i n Undersurface erineum pockets and
9-45. Aceria neoessigi ( K . ) l e a f deformation
\oody p r o l i f e r a t i o n around buds 9-4. Aceria mackiei (IC. 1
hindering growth Ehd c l u s t e r s
9- 12. Aceria parapopul i (K. ) 9-5. Aceria parmackiei (K. 1
S a l i x babylonica I.. , \teeping willow hercus chrysolepis Liebm., Maul oak
In l e a f a x i l s Erineum on underside of the leaves
25-1. Phyllocoptes calisalicis K . 9-4. Aceria mackiei ( K . )
S a l i x hindsiana And., Sandbar willow $ercus sp. ( d u r a t a J. ?), scrub oak
I n h a i r s around terminal buds Undersurface l e a f vagrants
11-7. Eriophyes triradiatus (Nal.) 27-1. Acarelliptus occidentalis K.
S a l i x l a e v i g a t a Bebb., Red w i l l o w 37-2. Rhyncaphytoptus megarostris ( K . )
Numerous bead g a l l s on leaves, usually Quercus kelloggii Newb., California black oak
col o n i a1 Upper s u r f a c e l e a f vagrants
17-21. Vasates Zaevigatae (Hassan) 15-1. Calacarus pulviferus K.
S a l i x l a s i o l e p i s Benth., Pussy willow 23-1. Acaricalus segundus K.
Leaf vagrant i n l e a f h a i r s , apparently Undersurface l e a f vagrants
causing unusual h a i r i n g of the leaves 27-1. Acarel liptus occidentalis K.
on a whole twig 37-4. Rhyncaphytoptus spinifera K.
-37-8. Rhyncaphytoptus acilius K. Quercus lobata Nee., White or v a l l e y oak
S a l i x s i t c h e n s i s a n g u s t i f o l i a Bebb., V e l v e t Uppersurface leaf vagrants
willow 14-3. Coptophylla caliquerci K.
Leaf vagrant i n the underside l e a f h a i r s 15-3. Calacarus tejonis K.
37-5. Rhyncaphy top tus sal icifo 1 iae K. Undersurface l e a f vagrants
BEIULACEAE 26-1. Caliphytoptus quercilobatae K.
A h u s rhombifolia Nutt., White a l d e r 37-2. Rhyncaphytoptus megarostris ( K . )
Bead g a l l s on t h e leaves with Quercus v a c c i n i f o l i a Engelrn., huckleberry oak
undersurface opening Undersurface erineum pockets
11-3. Eriophyes laeuis (Nal. 1 9-4 Aceria mackiei (K.)
Undersurface l e a f vagrant Quercus w i s l i z e n i i A. E.,i n t e r i o r liveoak
39-2. Diptacus sacramentae (K. Undersurface erineum pockets
Alnus rubra Bong. 9-4. Aceria mackiei ( K . )
Bead g a l l s JUGLANDACEAE
11-3. Eriophyes laeuis (Nal.) Juglans c a l i f o r n i c a Wats., Southern
Leaf vagrant, undersurface Ca 1i f orn ia black walnut
13-2. Oxypleurites marinalni K. Leaf purse g a l l s
Alnus t e n u i f o l i a N u t t . , Mountain a l d e r 9-7. Aceria brachytarsus (K.)
Eead g a l l s Inquilin i n purse galls
11-3. Eriophyes laeuis (Nal.) 9-8. Aceria aniculus (K.)
Leaf vagrants on undersurface Juglans h i n d s i i Jepson, Northern
5-1. Sierraphytoptus alniuagrans K. California black walnut
39-2. Diptacus sacramentae (K.1 See J. c a l i f o r n i c a
Corylus avellana L., F i l b e r t Juglans r e g i a L., Persian or English walnut
f3ud g a l l known as Big-bud, a l s o Undersurface erineum patches
specialized nymph on undersurface 9-3. Aceria erineus ( N a l . )
of l e a f Undersurface l e a f vagrant
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 7

13-4. Oxypleurites juglandis K. Laurus n o b i l i s L . , Grecian l a u r e l

URTICACEAE In flowers and under bud scales
Urtica g r a c i l i s holosericea Jepson, Nettle 8-1. Cecidophyes malpighianus (C. & M.)
Among undersurface leaf h a i r s Persea americana M i l l . , Avocado
36-1. Quadracus urticarius (C. & M.) I n buds and under f r u i t buttons
ULMACFAE 21-1. Tegonotus myersi ( K . )
Ulms campestris L., E l m Umbellularia c a l i f o r n i c a Nutt.,
Uppersurface leaf vagrant California laurel
19-2. Tetra concaua ( K . ) Among surface h a i r s on t w i g t i p s ,
Undersurface l e a f vagrants especially on flower buds
17-1. Vasates calulmi ( K . ) 33-1. Calepitrimerus umbel lulariae K.
37-6. Rhyncaphytoptus ulmivagrans K. CRASSULACEAE
Ulrnus pumila L., A s i a t i c elm Cotyledon caespitosa Haw. , Stonecrop
Undersurface leaf vagrants A t bases of leaves
16-1. Anthocoptes punctidorsa K. 9-25. Aceria stinsonis ( K . )
37-6. Rhyncaphytoptus ulmivagrans K. &owning and wrinkling of l e a f surfaces
LORAN ?HA CEAE 17-9. Vasates cotyledonis (K.)
Arceuthobium campylopcdium Engelm. , Pine SAX1 FRAGACEAE
tree mistletoe R i b e s nevadense Kell., Currant
Rud m i t e i n the pockets holding the Undersurface leaf vagrant or a t
staminate flowers p e t i o l e bases
10-1.1 Paraphytoptus arceuthobii K. 32-1. Epitriaerus sierribis K.
CHENOPODIACFAE PLATAN ACE4 E
Allenrolfea occidentalis (Wats.) , Iodine bush Platanus racemosa Nutt., Sycamore
Bud m i t e between j o i n t s and i n flower Undersurface leaf vagrant
heads, causing s l i g h t b r m i n g of 37-1. Rhyncaphytoptus p l a t m i K.
the tissue Platanus s p . , Hybrid shade tree
9-43.1 Aceria alienrolfeae K. See P. racemosa
Salicornia sp., a pickleweed ROSACEAE
set? Allenrolfea Amelanchier a l n i f o l i a Nutt., Western
CARYOPHYLLACEA E Service berry
Dianthus s p . , Carnation Leaf vagrant on both surfaces
Under leaf bases, cuasing s t u n t i n g and 33-3. CaLepitriaerus anatis K.
yellauing of the plant Amygdalus comnunis L . , almond
9-45.1 Aceria paradianthi K. Leaf vagrant on both surfaces
MORACEAE 17-18. Vasates cornutus (Benks)
Ficus sp. (Carica L.?), f i g Pmygdalus persica S. & Z., peach, a l s o
In buds and under f r u i t s c a l e s nectarine
9-27. Aceria ficus (Cotte) Leaf. vagrant on both surfaces
Under surface vagrant among l e a f hairs 17-18 Vasates cornutus (Banks)
37-7. Rhyncaphytoptus ficifoliae K. Undersurface leaf vagrant
Morus sp., mulberry 39-1. Diptacus gigantorhynchus (Nal. 1
Under bud scales or at petiole bases Cercocarpus l e d i f o l i u s N u t t . , Desert
9-33. Aceria aori (K.) mahogany
!&(NOLI ACFAE In buds?
Magnolia f r a s e r i Walt. 4-1. Anchiphytoptus lineatus K.
Among h a i r s on flower buds Upper surface leaf vagrant among the
9-44. Aceria nagnoliae (K.) leaf hairs
Magnolia grandiflora L., Southern 19-1. Tetra cercocarpi K.
magnolia or all bay Crataegus sp. (oxycantha L. ?), Hawthorne
Among undersurface l e a f h a i r s or Undersurface leaf vagrant
around buds 33-7. Calepitrirerus arnatus (Nal.)
17-7. Vasates nagnolivora (K.) Eriobotrya japonica Lindl., loquat
BERBERIDACEAE In buds
Berberis c a l i f o r n i c a Jepson. a barberry 9-30. Aceria erzobotryae (K.)
Irregular s i n u a t e l e a f folds f r a n Photinia a r b u t i f o l i a Lindl., Toyon or
t h e upper surface Christmas berry
9-25.1 Aceria caliberberis K. Among h a i r s i n terminal buds
UURACEAE 11-10. Eriophyes heteroneles K.
Cinnamomum camphora N. & E., Camphor Prunus andersonii Gray, d e s e r t peach
I n basal l e a f glands I n a baggy erineum deformation on
18-1. b a p h y t o p t u s corphorae K. t h e leaves
8 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

11-9. Eriophyes prunandersoni K. Redberry condition of f r u i t , a l s o i n buds

In buds and under f r u i t buttons 9-10. Aceria essigi (Hassan)
11-6. Eriophyes breechii K. Rubus s p . , Boysenberry
Prunus avium L., Sweet cherry In buds and causing shoot s t u n t i n g ,
Undersurface l e a f vagrant and bud b l a s t i n g
39- 1. Dip tacus gigan torhynchus (Nal .) 9-11. Aceria orthonera K.
Prunus domestica L., prune Rubus sp. Raspberry
Rusting of leaves on undersurface On underside of leaves and on f r u i t s
17-19. Vasates fockeui (Nal.) 25-8. Phyllocoptes gracilis ( N a l . )
Undersurface leaf vagrant Spiraea densiflora Nutt.
39-1. Diptacus gigantorhynchus (Nal. ) Flower galls
25-3. Phyllocoptes abaenus K. 11-15. Eriophyes spiraeae Nal.
Prunus emarginata Dougl., Native b i t t e r cherry LEWMINOSAE
Leaf finger galls with lower surface Cercis occidentalis Torr., Redbud
opening Undersurface leaf vagrants and i n buds
11-4. Eriophyes emarginatae K. 17-6. Vasates scotti (K.)
Inquilin i n finger galls Lupinus a l b i f r m s Benth.
11-5. Eriophyes sauagei K. I n h a i r s around buds and under
Prunus i l i c i f o l i a Walp., Holly-leaf cherry petiole bases
Ehd inhabitant 9-48. Aceria calilupini (K. 1
11-8. Eriophyes ilicifolia K. Medicago s a t i v a L., a l f a l f a
Prunus t r i l o b a Lindl., F l w e r i n g almond In leaf a x i l s around buds
Undersurface l e a f vagrant 9-34. Aceria nedacaginis ( K . )
39-1. Diptacus gigantorhynchus (Nal. Picker;sgia m t a n a Nutt., Pea chaparral
Frunus sp. (Varieties of plums), Among surface h a i r s on leaves and twigs
Undersurface leaf vagrants 16-2. Anthocoptes pickeringiae K.
25-3. Phyllocoptes abaenus K. Prosopis j u l i f l o r a glandulosa C k l l . ,
39-1. Diptacus gigantorhynchus (Nal. 1 Honey mesquite
Pyrus comnunis L., Pear Leaf vagrants
Leaf b l i s t e r s and bud b l a s t i n g 17-2. Vasates prosopis (K.)
11-7. Eriophyes pyri (Pgst.) Wisteria s p .
Rusting of leaf undersurface I n buds
32-3. Epitrimerus pyri (Nal.) 11-13. Eriophyes roisteriae K.
Pyrus malus L, apple ZYGOPHYLLACEAE
Leaf b l i s t e r s Larrea t r i d e n t a t a glutinosa Rydb.,
11-7. Eriophyes pyri (Pgst.), v a r i e t y Creosote bush
Undersurface leaf vagrants causing Under scales ( s t i p u l e s ?) a t base
s l i g h t rusting of petiole
17-15. Vasates raliuagrans K. 9-47. Aceria larreae (K.)
(schlectendali Nal. ?) R U T A a AE
33-4. Calepitrirerus bai leyi K. C i t r u s limmia Osb., Lemon
Rosa c a l i f o r n i c a C. & S., Native rose In buds causing b l a s t i n g or leaf
Among seeds and a t petiole bases deformation
25-6. Phyl locoptes fructiphi lus K. 9-28. Aceria sheldoni (Ewing)
Rosa s p . , Cultivated rose On surfaces of leaves and f r u i t causing
Undersurface vagrants s i l v e r i n g or r u s t i n g
25-2. Phyllocoptes adalius K. 29-1. Phyl Zocoptruta oleiuorus (Ashm. )
31-1. Callyntrotus schlectendali Nal. C i t r u s s i n e n s i s Osb., Orange
Rubus parviflorus Nutt., Thinbleberry See C. limrmia
Among h a i r s on underside of leaf P t e l e a baldwinii crenulata Jepson, Hop tree
25-8. Phyllocoptes gracilis ( N a l . ) Undersurface leaf vagrant causing
Rubus thyrsanthus Focke., Himalaya blackberry l e a f discoloring
In buds and causing redberry condition 32-2. Epitrimerus pteleae K.
9-10. Aceria essigi (Hassan) BUXACEAE
Rubus v i t i f o l i u s C. & S. , Native blackberry Buxus sempervirens L., Boxwood
I n buds and a t p e t i o l e bases Under bud scales or in f l w e r clusters
9-11. Aceria orthornera K. causing partial b l a s t i n g
Undersurface leaf vagrants 11-16. Eriophyes canestrinii ( N a l . )
25-7. Phyllocoptes calirubi K. ANACARDI ACEAE
38-2. Rhynacus abronius (K. ) Hhus diversiloba T. & G . , Poison oak
39-1. Diptacus gigantorhynchus (Nal.) Leaf bead g a l l s , e s p e c i a l l y on
Rubus s p . , M a m t h blackberry terminal leaves
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 9

17-22. Vasates toxicophagus (Ewing) some brwning

ACERACEAE 33-6. Calepitrimerus vitis (Nal.)
Acer glabrum T o r r . , Sierra maple V i t i s c a l i f o r n i c u s Benth. , California
Magenta erineum on leaves, usually a t t i p s wild grape
9-9. Aceria calaceris K. Undersurface leaf vagrant
Inquilins i n magenta erineum 39-1. Diptacus gigantorhynchus (Nal. )
17-20. Vasates paraglabri K. 'IMEACEAE
17-23. Vasates glabri K. Camellia japonica L., Camellia
Acer macrophyllum Pursh, Big leaf maple In buds, causing sane browning of flower
White undersurface erineum bud scales
Mite population very s i m i l a r t o t h a t 9-1. Aceria coneZliae K.
on Acer glabrua Leaf vagrants causing browning and
Acer negundo californicum Sarg., boxelder leaving debris
Undersurface l e a f vagrants 15-2. Calacarus adornatus (K.)
21-5. Tegonotus negundella K. 24-1. Acaphyl la steiwedini K.
37-3. Rhyncaphytoptus strigatus K STERaJLI ACEAE
AQUI FOLI ACEAE Fremontia c a l i f o r n i c a Torr., Flannel bush
I l e x aquifolium L., Holly Among stellate h a i r s an leaves and twigs
In buds and under f r u i t buttons 12-1. Pareria f r e m t i a e K.
8-2. Cecidophyes uerilicis (K.) TAMARICACEAE
CELASTRACE AE Tamarix g a l l i c a L., Tamarisk
Euonymus sp. On green stems and under scale-like leaves
In buds causing some deformation t o 17-3. Vasates immigrans (K.)
t i p s and leaves CACTACEAE
11-E?. Eriophyes conuo Zuens (Nal. ) Opuntia sp. (accidentalis Engelm. ?), Cactus
HIPPOCASTANACEAE I n flcnver buds, among the papillae on
Aesculus c a l i f o r n i c u s (Spach. ) , Ehckeye small pads, spine bases
Vagrants on both l e a f surfaces causing 9-2. Aceria cactorur (K.)
slight silvering PWICACEAE
13-7. Oxypleurites aesculifoZiae (K.) Punica granatum L., Punegranate
RiIUPYACEAE In buds and causing leaf edgeroll often
Ceanothus cordulatus Kell.. Snow brush s t u n t i n g gravth
Vagrants on leaves and stem 9-20. Aceria granati (Can.)
20-2. Abacarus acalyptus (K.) MYRTACEAE
Ceanothus cuneatus (Hook. 1, Ehck brush Feijoa sellowiana (Berg. 1, Feijoa
Leaf vagrants In hairs around buds
16-3. Anthocoptes hesperus K. 9-32. Aceria feijoae (K.)
Ceanothus velutinus Dougl., tobacco brush ARALIACEAE
Bead galls on t h e leaves, usually Hedera h e l i x L., English ivy
opening underneath In buds and a t p e t i o l e bases causing
9-26. Aceria ceanothi (K.) deformation and s t u n t i n g
Rhamnus c a l i f o r n i c u s Esch., Coffee berry 3-3. Phytoptus hedericola K.
Oblique deformation along s i d e vein, Uppersurface l e a f vagrant
a l s o vagrants 23-2. Acaricalus hederae (K.)
21-3. Tegonotus rhannicola (K.) UMBELLIFERAE
Rhamnus c a l i f o r n i c u s tomentella B. & W. Apium graveolens L., Celery
In terminal buds and among h a i r s Brclwning of stalks
10-2. Paraphytoptus rhamniphagus K. 17-13. Vasates eurymtus (Nal. )
Undersurface leaf vagrants Daucus carota L., Carrot
17-16. Vasates rharniuagrans (K.) Discoloration of flower heads
Zizyphus sativus Gaertn., j u j u b , 9-21. Aceria peucedani (Nal.)
Vagrants on leaves and green stems 17-13. Vasates eurynotus (Nal. )
21-4. Tegonotus zizyphagus (K.) COIWACEAE
T I L 1 ACEAE Cornus c a l i f o r n i c u s C. A. bky., Creek dogwoal
T i l i a sp. (vulgaris ?), Linden Undersurface leaf vagrants
Nail g a l l s on leaves 13-8. Oxypleurites cornifoliae K.
11-11. Eriophyes tiliae (Nal.) Cornus glabrata Benth.

v i n i r e r a L., grape
V l t l s 13-Y. vxypleurrtes glabratae K.
Forming leaf erineum, a l s o i n buds Cornus n u t t a l l i Aud., Flowering dogwood
11-1. Eriophyes uitis (Pgst.) In buds and among seeds
Undersurface leaf vagrant causing 3-2. Phytoptus corniserninis K.
10 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

ERI CACEAE CAPRI FOLI ACEAE

Arbutus unido L., Strawberry tree Sambucus glauca Nutt., Elder
Undersurface leaf vagrants Leaf c u r l i n g and r u s t i n g
14-2. CoptophyZla arbuti (K.) 32-6. Epitrimerus trilobus (Nal.1
Arbutus menziesii Pursh. , Madrone Symphoricarpas albus (L. 1, Snowberry
Undersurface leaf vagrants Undersurface leaf vagrants
35-1. Asetacus mdronae K. 17-4. Vasates syaphoricarpi (K. 1
Arctostaphylos spp., k n z a n i t a Viburnum opulus L., S n w b a l l
Leaf vagrants Leaf vagrants (probably not a preferred
17-8. Vasates m t a n i t a e (K.) host)
38-1. Rhynacus arctostaphyli (K.) 15-2. Calacarus adornatus (K. )
Rhododendron occidentale Gray, Azalea CCMPOSITAE
Under surf ace le a f vagrants Ambrosia psilostachya E., Western ragweed
17- 12. Vasates rhododendronis (K. ) Bead galls on leaves
EBENACEAE 9-22. Aceria boycei (K.)
Diaspyros kak; L., Persimnon Leaf vagrants
Ulder bud scales and f r u i t buttons 17-10. Vasates ambrosiae (K.)
9-31. Aceria diospyri K. Artemisia c a l i f o r n i c a Less. , California
OLEACEAE sage brush
Fraxinus d i p e t a l a H. & A., Native ash Leaf thickenings which contain erineum
Undersurface leaf vagrant pockets
21-2. Tegmotus califraxini (K.) 9-13. Aceria paracalifornicus (K. )
Fraxinus oregona Nutt., Oregon ash Leaf and s t e m vagrant i n the hairs
F r u i t g a l l s i n the form of rough 10-6. Paraphy top tus cal iforn i cus (Hal1)
b a l l s , Klunkern Artemisia dracunculus L.,
9-19. Aceria fraxinivorus (Nal.) E l l - l i k e s t e m s t r u c t u r e of deformed
Ligustrum ovalifolium Haask., Privet leaves, buds and shoots
In buds 9-16. Aceria dracunculi ( L . )
9-17. Aceria ligustri (K.) Artemisia heterophylla Nutt., Wornwood
On leaves and stems causing s t u n t i n g Vagrant among hairs on leaves and stems
and browning 9-15. Aceria neoarteaisiae (K. 1
17-17. Vasates Zigustri (K.) 10-7. Paraphytoptus inaeguazis K.
Olea europa L., Olive Erineun pockets on leaves, t h e erineun
Upper surface l e a f vagrant on the underside
13-3. Oxypleurites maxrPelli K. 9-36. Aceria obalis (K.)
HYDROPHYUACXAE Leaf vagrant, usually on the upper
Eriodictyon crassifolium h t h . surface
h g leaf h a i r s , e s p e c i a l l y on t h e 33-5. Calepitriaerus cariniferus K.
newly forming leaves
9-24.1. Aceria eriodictyonis K. Baccharis emoryi Gray
LAB1A m A E Vagrant, usually cp1 the upper surface
Salvia apiana Jepson, White sage of the leaves
In hairs on leaves and s t e m s 13-5. Oxypleurites baccharis K.
10-5. Paraphytoptus salviacrinis K. Baccharis g l u t i n m a Pers.
Salvia leucophylla G e e n e , Purple sage Bead g a l l s on leaves and some leaf
Under p e t i o l e bases deform t ion
9-18. Aceria neosalviae (K.) 9-37. Aceria baccharices K.
SOLANACEAE Baccharis p i l u l a r i s E., Chaparral broom
Lycopersicum esculentum M i l l . , Tanato Under leaf a x i l s around l a t e r a l buds
Browning and c u r l i n g of the leaves, 9-40. Aceria calibaccharis (K.
causing death t o the plant Vagrants on upper surface of second
-17-14.
_ Vasates destructor (K. 1 year leaves
Petunia sp. 13-6. Oxypleurites acidotus K.
Browning of leaves and stems Baccharis viminea LE.,Mule f a t
17-14. Vasates destructor (K. 1 See B. glutinasa
Bkickellia c a l i f o r n i c a T. & G.
Physalis ixacarpa Brot.
In buds and among seeds i n flower heads
Browning of the leaves ? 10-1. Paraphytoptus brickelliae K.
17-14. Vasates destructor (K.)
Chrysanthemum sp. (morifolium Ram. ?)
Solanum d o u g l a s i i h a l . , Nightshade
Yagrants among sbrface hairs or i n buds
Leaf vagrant
17-14. Vusutes destructor (K.) and under sepals
Solanum tuberosum L., potato 10-4. Paraphy toptus chrysm them i K.
Browning of leaves chrysopsis oregana Gray
17-14. Vasates destructor (K. 1 A t base of leaf a x i l s along stems
9-23. Aceria chrysopsis (K. )
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 11

Cynara scolymus L., Artichoke Haplopappus venetus H. B. K.

Vagrants among hairs on undersides of Around l a t e r a l buds
leaves and stems 9-42. Aceria haplopappi (K. 1
9-43. Aceria neocynarae (K.) Heterotheca grandiflora N u t t . , Telegraph weed
Encelia c a l i f o r n i c a N u t t . A t the bases of l a t e r a l leaves
Around buds and i n surface h a i r s 9-24. Aceria heterothecae (K. 1
9-14. Aceria enceliae (K.) Lepidospartum squamatum Gray
10-3. Paraphytoptus mcgregori K. Stunted shoots with bud c l u s t e r s
Ermicamria ericoides (Less.1, False heather 9-29. Aceria Zepidosparti K.
I n leaf a x i l s , around buds, and i n terminal Pluchea sericea Nutt., Mock w i l l o w
Cecidomyid galls Among h a i r s on leaves and around
9-41. Aceria spinulifera (K.) terminal bud
16-4. Anthocoptes ericaaerieZZa K. 10-8. Paraphytoptus calcplucheae ( K . )
Ericaneria p i n i f o l i a (Gray) Wyethia sp. (mollis Gray ?),
I n Cecidomyid galls F l w e r g a l l deforming p a r t or a l l of
9-41. Aceria spinulifera (K.1 the flower
Eriophyllum staechadifolium Lag. 9-38. Aceria beevori K.
Among h a i r s on leaves and s t e m , a l s o Wyethia sp.
i n leaf a x i l s Vagrant among the undersurface leaf hairs
9-35. Aceria Zangei (K.) 9-39. Aceria wyethiae K.

111. Keys to California Eriophyid Mites

Key to Subfamilies 2. Subdorsal abdominal s e t a e present . . . . . .

............ .I. Trisetacus (p. 11 )
1. Three or four s e t i f e r o u s tubercles on s h i e l d ; Subdorsal abdominal setae ahsent . . . . . . .
subdorsal abdominal setae present or absent
. . . . . . . . . 2. Setoptus jonesi (p. 2 0 )
..................... 2.
3. Abdaninal microtubercles evenly d i s t r i b u t e d .
Two s e t i f e r o u s tubercles on s h i e l d , or no ............ 3. Phytoptus (p. 11)
s h i e l d s e t a e ; subdorsal abdominal setae Dorsal microtubercles forming a well-spaced
never present . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. pattern of longitudinal lines . . . . . . .
2. Shield with no a n t e r i o r lobe over rostrum; ab-
. . . . . 4. Anchiphytoptus lineatus (p. 21)
domen wormlike, with rings similar dorso-
ventrally ............ .PH=INa
Species of Trisetacus
Shield produced over rostrum, or abdominal
t e r g i t e s broader and less nunerous than the 1. Shield with c e n t r a l longitudinal l i n e s ; ante-
s t e r n i t e s , or both; fusiform species .... rior s h i e l d s e t a s h o r t ; female g e n i t a l cover-
. . . . . . . . . SIERRAPHYlOPTINAE (p. 12) f l a p acute; i n needle sheaths of Pinus spp.
3. Shield never with anterior lobe over rostrum; . . . . . . . . . . 1-1. pini (Nal.) (p. 20)
abdomen wormlike, with rings s i m i l a r above Shield with no c e n t r a l lines; a n t e r i o r s e t a of
and b e l m , a t l e a s t a n t e r i o r l y ; when r o s t r m moderate length; coverflap rounded; small
large the chelicerae evenly curved d m . . terminal t v i g g a l l on C;ypress .......
. . . . . . . . . . . .WIOPHYINAE (p. 12) .......... 1-2. cupressi K. (p. 20)
Usually fusiform m i t e s with sane conbinatian
of the f o l l w i n g characters: a n t e r i o r s h i e l d
lobe over rostrun; or with t e r g i t e s broader Species of Phytoptus
and less numerous than s t e r n i t e s e s p e c i a l l y
a n t e r i o r l y ; or with rostrum large, tapering, 1. No lateral spur on t i b i a of f i r s t leg; big-bud
and chelicerae abruptly bent downward a t on Corylus ...
3-1. auelZunae Nal. (p. 21)
r i g h t angles. - .- . PHYLUM)PTINAE (p. 1s) Foretibia with l a t e r a l s p r . ....... 2.
2. Shield design obsolete; i n buds and around
Phytoptinae, Generic key seeds of Cornus nuttalli ..........
........ 3-2. corniseninis K. (p. 2 1 )
1. 'Ihree s h i e l d s e t a e ............ 2. Shield with strong design of lines; deforming
Four s h i e l d s e t a e ............ 3. shoots of Hedera 3-3. hedericola K. (p. 21)
12 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Sierraphytoptinae, Generic key striations i n two ranks . . . . . . . . . 2.

Coverflap smooth, or with scoring c r e s c e n t i c ,
1. Subdorsal abdominal s e t a e present ...... or longitudinal scoring uninterrupted . . 3.
.
5. Sierraphytoptus alnivagrons K. (p. 2 1 )
Subdorsal abdominal setae absent .....
2. 2. Featherclaw 6-rayed; female g e n i t a l apdeme
shortened; Camellia bud m i t e ........
..........
2. Two a n t e r i o r s h i e l d s e t a e . . . . . . . . . 9-1. camelZiaeK. (p. 26)
. . . . . 6. MackieZla phoenicis K. (p. 22 ) Featherclaw 5-rayed; apodeme normal length;
One a n t e r i o r s h i e l d s e t a 7. NaZepeZZa ( p . 1 2 ) cactus bud m i t e . 9-2. cactorm ( K . ) (p. 25)

3. Featherclaw 3-rayed; oak and walnut mites. 4 .

Species of Nalepella Featherclaw 4-rayed . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.
Featherclaw 5-rayed . . . . . . . . . . . 25.
1. Fore coxae spinuliferous both a p i c a l l y and a t Featherclaw 6-rayed . . . . . . . . . . . 41.
junction; microtubercles pointed; vagrant on Featherclaw 7-rayed . . . . . . . . . . . 45.
Abies rnagnifica ...
7-1. ednae K. (p. 2 2 )
Fore coxae spinuliferous only a t junction; 4. Genital s e t a e on s p u r - l i k e tubercles; erineum
microtubercles rounded; vagrant on needles on English halnut . . . . . . . . . . . . .
of Tsuga mertensiana 7-2. tsugae K. (p. 22) . . . . . . . . 9-3. erineus (Nal. (p. 27)
Genital tubercles normal . . . . . . . . . 5.

Eriophyinae, Generic key 5. Genital coverflap sculptured; the oak mites 6.

Genital coverflap smooth. . . . . . . . . . 7 .
1. Dorsal s h i e l d s e t a e missing . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 8. Cecidophyes Nal.(p. 12) 6. Coverflap with f i n e oblique l i n e s ; erineum
Dorsal s h i e l d s e t a e present.. . . . . . . . 2. pockets on Quercus agrifoZia . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 9-4. mackiei ( K . ) (p. 30)
2. Oorsal s h i e l d s e t a e pointing backward over ab- Coverflap with lobular sculpturing; bud
domen from tubercles s i t u a t e d on r e a r s h i e l d c l u s t e r s on Quercus agrifolia. . . . . . . .
m a r g i n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. . . . . . . . 9-5. paramackiei ( K . ) (p. 32)
Dorsal s h i e l d s e t a e pointing up, c e n t r a l l y , or
forward, from tubercles usually d i s t i n c t l y 7. F o r e t i b i a l s e t a absent; stunted shoots on
ahead of r e a r s h i e l d margin . . . . . . . 4. Nothofagus . . 9-6. waltheri (K.) (p. 34)
F o r e t i b i a l s e t a present .......... 8.
3. Abdominal rings s i m i l a r the f u l l length of ab-
domen ......... 9. Aceria K. (p. 12) 8. Abdominal microtubercles rounded; purse g a l l
Abdominal r i n g s of even numbers dorso-ven- on leaves of Juglans hindsii. . . . . . . .
t r a l l y imnediately behind s h i e l d ; a t some . . . . . . . 9-7. brachytarsus ( K . ) (p. 2 4 )
point beyond 1/4 becoming d i f f e r e n t i a t e d Microtubercles each bearing a s p i n u l e ;
i n t o t e r g i t e s and s t e r n i t e s , the t e r g i t e s i n q u i l i n e i n g a l l s on Juglans hindsii . . .
covering two or more s t e r n i t e s ....... . . . . . . . . . 9-8. amiculus ( K . ) (p. 24)
. . . . . . . 10. Paraphytoptus Nal. (p. 1 4 ) 9. T e r g i t e s more numerous than s t e r n i t e s by
l a t e r a l doubling of a l t e r n a t e r i n g s ; magenta
4. No d i f f e r e n t i a t i o n between t e r g i t e s and erineum on Acer g l a b r m . . . . . . . . . .
s t e r n i t e s . . . 11. Eriophyes von S. (p. 1 4 ) . . . . . . . . . 9-9. calaceris K . (p. 25)
Tergites on r e a r fourth broader and covering ttings on abdominal dorsum about same number a s
two s t e r n i t e s each . . . . . . . . . . . . . on sternum, doubling infrequent and e r r a t i c
. . . . . . . 12. Pareria fremontiae ( p . 3 9 ) .................... 10.

Species of Cecidophyes 10. F o r e t i b i a l s e t a missing; Rubus bud mites. 11.

F o r e t i b i a l seta present ......... 12.
1. Shield l i n e s d i s t i n c t ; l a r g e l a t e r a l granular
a r e a ; bud m i t e on Laurus . . . . . . . . . . 11. Genital coverflap with c r e s c e n t i c scoring;
. . . . 8-1. rnaZpighianus (C. & M.) (p. 2 3 ) redberry m i t e 9-10. essigi (Hassan) (p. 28)
Shield l i n e s mostly obsolete, e s p e c i a l l y the Coverflap with longitudinal scoring; bud mite
submedian l i n e s ; small l a t e r a l granular on n a t i v e blackberry . . . . . . . . . . . .
a r e a ; bud m i t e on I l e x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-11. orthornera K. (p. 32)
. . . . . . . . 8-2. verilicis (K.) (p. 23)
12. Female g e n i t a l coverflap smooth. . . . . . 13.
Species of Acetia Coverflap scored. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.
1. Female g e n i t a l coverflap with longitudinal 13. Weak s h i e l d design; caudal lobes humped above;
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 13

woody bud galls on Populus ......... dorsal tubercles ; microtubercle spinules of

. . . . . . . 9-12. parapopuli ( K . ) (p. 32) moderate length; bud mite on Heterotheca . .
Strong s h i e l d design; lobes normal; erineum ....... 9-24. heterothecae (K.) (p. 29)
pockets on Artemisia californica . . . . . . Submedian s h i e l d lines forked i n front of
. . . . 9-13. paracalifornicus ( K . ) (p. 32) dorsal tubercles; microtubercle spinules
longer; i n leaf h a i r s on Eriodictyon . . . .
14. Genital coverflap scoring c r e s c e n t i c ; bud m i t e . . . . . . . 9-24.1 eriodictyonis K. (p. 27)
on EnceZia . . 9-14. enceliae ( K . ) ( p . 27) Submedian s h i e l d l i n e s simple or broken; bud
Coverflap scoring longitudinal . . . . . . 15. m i t e on Cotyledon 9-25. stinsonis (K.)(p. 33)

15. Abdominal microtubercles rounded . . . . . 16. 25. Abdominal microtubercles rounded . . . . . 26.
hlicrotubercles d i s t i n c t l y pointed or each Microtubercles pointed m extended i n t o a
bearing a spinule. . . . . . . . . . . . 21. spinule ................ 33.

16. Genital s e t i f e r o u s tubercles l a r g e r than 26. Median shield l i n e ending i n a rear-pointing

usual. ................ 17. dart-shaped mark. . . . . . . . . . . . 27.
These tubercles of normal s i z e . . . . . . 18. Median l i n e simple. . . . . . . . . . . . 29.
Median l i n e very f a i n t or obsolete; on
17. Abdominal rings on dorsal rear smooth; i n leaf Berberis . . 9-25.1 caliberberis K. (p. 26)
h a i r s on leaves of Artemisia heterophylla. .
...... 9-15. neoartesisiae (K.) (p. 31) 27. Shield design of l i n e s of granules and short
Hings completely microtuberculate; causing streaks; bead galls on leaves of Ceanothus
coarse shoot deformation on Artemisia uelutinus . . . . 9-26. ceanothi ( K . ) (p. 26)
dracunculus . 9-16. dracunculi ( K . ) (p. 27) Shield design of s o l i d l i n e s when d i s t i n c t 28.
1P. Central s h i e l d design obsolete except f o r 28:Shield design always d i s t i n c t with f i r s t sub-
s h o r t marks j u s t ahead of rear margin; median l i n e forked in f r o n t of dorsal tubercle;
p r i v e t bud m i t e 9-17. Zigustri (K.) (p. 30) f i g bud mite . 9-27. ficus (Cotte) (Pa 28)
Shield design clear ........... 19. Shield design usually i n d i s t i n c t ; when d i s -
t i n c t the f i r s t and second submedian l i n e s
19. Two or three strong diagonal l i n e s across confluent ahead of dorsal tubercles; c i t r u s
large l a t e r a l granular s h i e l d area; bud
mite on Salvia leucophyl la . . . . . . . . .
bud mite . . 9-28. sheldoni (Ewing) (p. 33)
. . . . . . . 9-18. neosaluiae ( K . ) ( p . 31) 29. Shield l i n e s interspersed with numerous short
L a t e r a l granular areas homogeneous ....20. dashes; bud and shoot deformer on
Lepidospartum . 9-29. lepidosparti K. (p. 30)
20. Median s h i e l d l i n e ending i n p o s t e r i o r d a r t - Shield lines with c l e a r spaces i n between f o r
shaped mark; deformed f r u i t i n g bodies on the most part . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.
ash, klunkern . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 9-19. fraxiniuorus (Nal.) (p. 2 8 ) 30. Shield design of l i n e s of granules.... 31.
Median s h i e l d l i n e simple; leaf edgeroller and Shield l i n e s s o l i d ............ 32.
shoot deformer on pomegranate . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 9-20. granati (Can.) (p. 29) 31. Admedian s h i e l d l i n e s meeting behindthe
median; loquat bud m i t e . . . . . . . . . . .
21. Microtubercles strong and s p i n u l a t e ventrally . . . . . . . 9-30. eriobotryae (K.) (p. 27)
on abdomn, weak on dorsal h a l f ; flowers of Admedian l i n e s ending on rear s h i e l d margin;
Umbelliferae. 9-21. peucedrmi (Can.) (p. 32) persimnon bud m i t e 9-31. diospyri K. (p. 26)
Abdominal microtubercles equally developed
above and below . . . . . . . . . . . . 22. 32. Admedian s h i e l d l i n e s very close on a n t e r i o r
...........
h a l f ; f e i j o a bud m i t e
22. A rear-pointing dart-shaped mark connected . . . . . . . . . 9-32. feijoae (K.) (p. 2 8 )
with the median s h i e l d l i n e ......
23. Admedians w e l l spaced a p a r t f o r e n t i r e length;
Median l i n e simple or broken. . . . . . . 24. mulberry bud mite . 9-33. mri (K.) (p. 31)
23. Dart-shaped mark i n center of s h i e l d : micro- 33. Abdominal microtubercles stronger b e l m , sup-
tubercles pointed; leaf bead galls on pressed on dorsal h a l f : a l f a l f a bud m i t e . .
Ambrosia. .....9-22. bqycei (K.) (p. 2 4 ) . . . . . . . 9-34. aedicaginis (K.) (p. 30)
Dart-shaped mrk a t rear; microtubercles Microtubercles evenly developed on a b d m n ,
spinuliferous i n buds and a t leaf bases on above and belm . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.
Chrysopsis . . 9-23. chrysopsis ( K . ) (p. 26)
34. L a t e r a l granulations extending i n t o s h i e l d
24. Submedian s h i e l d l i n e s forked i n f r o n t of area i n f r o n t of dorsal tubercles . . . 35.
14 BULLETIN OF THE CAIJFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Granular a r e a more r e s t r i c t e d t o s i d e , not . . . . . . . . 9-45.1 paradianthi K. (p. 32)

involving area i n f r o n t of dorsal hledian l i n e unconnected; second submedian l i n e
tubercles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36. forked i n front of dorsal t u h r c l e ; purple
wart mite on aloe .Q-46. a l o i n i s (I{.) (p. 23)
35. Granulations extending t o f i r s t submedian Median l i n e unconnected; f i r s t submedian l i n e
l i n e s ; on Eriophyl lum ........... forked i n f r o n t of tubercle; on creosote
. . . . . . . . . 9-35. langei (K.) (p. 29) bush . . . . . . . 9-47. larreae ( K . ) ( p 20)
Granulations not extending past second sub- 45. Shield p a t t e r n a network, f i r s t submedian l i n e
medians; on Artemisia heterophylla . . . . . j o i n i n g admedian before dorsal tubercles;
. . . . . . . . . 9-36. abalis (F.1 (p. 2 3 ) lupine bud m i t e 9-48. calilupini (K.) (p. 26)
F i r s t submedian l i n e separate from admedian;
36 . Second submedian s h i e l d l i n e with a branch bulb rkiophyia . . 9-4'!. t u l i p a e ( K . ) (p. 33)
crossing f i r s t submedian l i n e i n f r o n t of
tubercles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37. Species of Paraphytoptus
F i r s t and second submedians usually separate
for e n t i r e length, not crossing . . . . 38. 1. Featherclaw 6-rayed; t e r g i t e s covering t w o
s t e r n i t e s for 3/4 of the abdomen; i n surface
37. Dart-shaped median mark in center of s h i e l d on h a i r s , buds and seedheads of Brickellia . .
m d i a n l i n e ; leaf g a l l s on Baccharis uiminea . . . . . . . . . 10-1. brickelliae K . (p. 3/51
and glutinosa . 9-37. baccharices K. (p. 24 Featherclaw 6-rayed; t e r g i t e s covering two
Median l i n e simple; flower galls on Wyethia . sternites on r e a r 1/4 of abdomen; bud m i t e
. . . . . . . . . . 9-38. beeuori K. (p. 24) on pine t r e e mistletoe 10-1.1 arceuthobii K.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( p . 34)
38. Dart-shaped mrk near posterior end of median Featherclaw 5-rayed . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.
s h i e l d l i n e ; vagrant i n h a i r s on Wyethia . .
. . . . . . . . . . 9-39. wyethiae K. (p. 34) 2. Shield design n e t - l i k e ; bud mite on Rhamnus . .
Median l i n e simple . . . . . . . . . . . 39. . . . . . . . . 10-2. rhamniphagus K. (p. 35)
Shield design of l i n e s . . . . . . . . . . 3.
39 Microtubercles pointed; around l a t e r a l buds on
I.

t w i g s of Baccharis prlularis . . . . . . . . 3. Median l i n e ending in a dart-shaped mark . 4.

. . . . . . . 9-40. calibaccharis ( K . ) (p. 25) Median l i n e simple t o r e a r ........ 5.
Each microtubercle bearing a spinule or pro-
duced point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40. 4. Tergites covering two s t e r n i t e s each f o r 5/6
of abdomen length; vagrant i n Encelia h a i r s
40. F i r s t submedian l i n e s t r o n g and extending . . . . . . . . 10-3. mcgregori K . (P. 35)
nearly t o d o r s a l tubercle; more e l o n a t e T e r g i t e s covering two s t e r n i t e s each on r e a r
species; on Ericameria . . . . . . . . . . . t h i r d only; semi-budmite on Chrysanthemum .
. . . . . . . 9-41. spinulifera (K.) (p. 33) . . . . . . . 10-4. chrysanthemi K. (p. 35)
F i r s t submedian l i n e weak, not c l e a r l y ex-
tending p a s t center of s h i e l d ; more robust 5. L a t e r a l granular area on s h i e l d extending t o
m i t e on Haplopappus . 9-42. haplopappi (K.) f i r s t s h d i a n l i n e ; i n surface h a i r s on
.................... .(p. 29) Salvia apiana 10-5. salviacrinis K. (p. 35)
41. Abdominal microtubercles rounded . . . . . 42. Second submedian l i n e d i s t i n c t a t l e a s t i n
Microtubercles pointed or spinuliferous. . 44. p a r t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.

42. Third v e n t r a l s e t a l a r g e and spine-like; 6. Second submedian s h i e l d line recurved centrad

vagrant
- i n l e a f h a i r s on artichoke . . . . . behind f i f s t submedian; rear tergites with
. . . . . . . ..9-43. neocynarae (K.) (p. 31) uneven serrate edges; i n h a i r s of Artemisia
n i r d v e n t r a l s e t a n o r m 1 . . . . . . . . 43. californica 10-6. californicus (Hall) (p. 34)
Second submedian diverging from f i r s t or
43 Median and submedian s h i e l d l i n e s obsolete; forked from f i r s t . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.
l a t e r a l o c e l l a r s p o t ; on Allenrolfea . . . .
. . . . . . . 9-43.1 allenrolfeae K. (p. 23) 7. T e r g i t e s covering a t least t w o s t e r n i t e s for
Median s h i e l d l i n e with dart-shaped mark a t 1/2 abdominal length; i n surface h a i r s on
r e a r , f i r s t submedian l i n e running past Artemisia heterophylla. 10-7.inaequalisK. (p. 35)
second . . . . . .9-44. aagnoliae (K. ) (p. 30) Broader t e r g i t e s occupying r e a r fourth of
abdomen, or less; i n buds and among h a i r s of
Median l i n e simple a t rear, f i r s t submedian
enclosed by second; causes large drooping Pluchea .- 10-8. caliplucheae (K.) (p. 35)
catkin g a l l s on Populus 9-45. neoessiei (K.)
.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ."(p.. 31). Species of Eriophyes
44. Median s h i e l d . l i n e connected t o admedians by
f r o n t branches and cross l i n e s ; on carnation 1. Female g e n i t a l i a with longitudinal furrows i n
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 15

two ranks, the g e n i t a l i a appressed t o coxae n a i l g a l l s on linden leaves . . . . . . . .

and the apodeme shortened; l a t e r a l o c e l l a r . . . . . . . 11-11. tilrae (Fgst.) ( p . 3 P )
spot on s h i e l d ; grape bud and erineum m i t e .
. . . . . . . . . 11-1. uitis (Pgst.) ( p a 3R) 11. Dorsal s e t a e d i r e c t e d dorso-centrally; s h i e l d
design of l i n e s of granules; Euonynus bud
Female g e n i t a l i a normal distance from coxae,
with furrows i n a s i n g l e rank; apodeme nor- mite . . . 11-12. conuolvens ( N a l . ) ( p . 36)
mal length; no o c e l l a r s p o t ....... 2. Dorsal s e t a e d i r e c t e d anterocentrally; shield
design i n d i s t i n c t ; Wisteria bud m i t e . . . .
2. Featherclaw 3-rayed; w i l l o w bud m i t e . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-13. wisteriae K. ( p . 39)
. . . . . . 11-2. triradiatus (Nal.) (p. 3 8 )
Featherclaw 4-rayed . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. 12. Dorsal s e t a e d i r e c t e d dorso-centrally; l a t e r a l
Featherclaw 5-rayed . . . . . . . . . . . 11. s h i e l d granules encroaching t o admedian
Featherclaw 6-rayed . . . . . . . . . . . 12. l i n e s ; i n leaf sheaths of Carex barbarae . .
. . . . . . . . . 11-14. caricis K. (p. 363)
3. Body rings smooth, or with large v e n t r a l Dorsal s e t a e directed ahead and up . . . . 13.
microtubercles which i f present are usually
in small numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. 13. Shield covered with short longitudinal
Rings completely microtuberculate . . . . . 5. s t r e a k s ; admedian lines d i s t i n c t ; flower
g a l l on Spriaea densiflora . . . . . . . . .
4. Female g e n i t a l apodeme evenly rounded a n t e r i - ....... 11-15. spiraeae (Nal.) (p. 3 8 )
o r l y ; some individuals with v e n t r a l micro- Shield design obsolete c e n t r a l l y ; i n buds and
tubercles; bead g a l l s on a l d e r leaves . . . blasted flowers of Buxus . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .11-3. Zaeuis (Nal.) (p. 37 ) . . . . . . 11-16. canestrinii (Nal.) (p.36)
Female g e n i t a l apodeme emarginate c e n t r a l l y
and notched l a t e r a l 1 y; never w i t h v e n t r a l
tubercles; f i n g e r galls on Prunus enarginata Phyllocoptinae, Key to Tribes
. . . . . . . . 11-4. emarginatae K. (p. 36
1. Rostrum variable i n s i z e but always with
5. Microtubercles on abdomen each bearing a chelicerae evenly downcurved; dorsal tu-
spinule, or v e n t r a l l y i n the form of t r i a n - bercles variable i n position . Phyllocoptini
gular points .............. 6. Rostrum l a r g e , tapering, the chelicerae
Microtubercles rounded or a t m o s t s l i g h t l y abruptly bent down a t r i g h t angles a s h o r t
pointed ................. 7. distance from base; dorsal tubercles ahead
of r e a r margin and d i r e c t i n g the s e t a e
6. Ventral microtubercles i n the form of points: (when present) up and ahead Diptilomiopini
s h i e l d design c e n t r a l l y i n d i s t i n c t ; inqui- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (p. 19)
line i n Prunus emarginata finger galls . . .
.......... 11-5. sauagei K. (p. 38 1 Phyllocoptini, Key to Genera
Microtubercles evenly spinuliferous ; s h i e l d
design more d i s t i n c t ; bud m i t e on Prunus 1. T e r g i t e s moderately broad, with more or l e s s
arufersoni .... 11-6. breechii K. (p. 35) acute and produced l a t e r a l lobes; d o r s a l
tubercles and s e t a e various . . . . . . . .
7. Admedian l i n e s confluent behind median; pear . . . . . . . . . . 13. Orypleurites (p. 1 6 )
leaf b l i s t e r mite ............. T e r g i t e s of various widths, but curving
. . . . . . . . . 11-7. pyri (Pgst.) (p. 3 7 ) evenly t o s t e r n i t e s , or extremely broad . 2.
Admedians ending on r e a r s h i e l d margin . . 8.
2. Dorsal s e t a e absent . ........... 3.
8. Median l i n e f a i n t t o rear or obsolete; ad- Dorsal s e t a e present ........... 4.
medians present only on rear h a l f of s h i e l d ;
i n buds of Prurws ilicifolia ........ 3. Abdomen without ridges 14. 6ptophylla (p. 17)
. . . . . . . . 11-8. ilicifoliae K. (p. 3 6 ) Abdomen with three t o f i v e wax bearing ridges
. . . . . . . . . . . 15. Calacarus (p. 17)
Median s h i e l d l i n e d i s t i n c t . . . . . . . . . 9.
4. Dorsal s e t a e projecting d i r e c t l y caudad over
9. Median line broken but otherwise simple; leaf
erineurn on Prunus andersoni . . . . . . . .
abdomen from tubercles on rear margin . . 5.
Dorsal s e t a e nearly always a r i s i n g from tu-
....... 11-9. prunandersoni K. (p. 3 7 ) bercles d i s t i n c t l y ahead of r e a r s h i e l d mar-
Median line ending i n a dart-shaped mark . 10. g i n , the setae projecting c e n t r a l l y , up, or
ahead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.
10. Submedian l i n e meeting an inwardly diagonal
l i n e i n f r o n t of tubercle; toyon bud m i t e 5. T e r g i t e s very l a r g e and broad, contrasting
. . . . . . . 11-10. heteromeles K. (p. 3 6 ) with those over cauda . . . . . . . . . . .
Submedian l i n e forked i n f r o n t of tubercle; . . . . . . . . . . 16. Anthocoptes (p. 17)
 16 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Tergites not a s broad and graduating evenly t o Flattened species, or dorsal ridges present,
the rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6. no c e n t r a l furrow ........... 18.

6. Abdomen c i r c u l a r or b r o a d - e l l i p t i c a l i n c r o s s 17. Central furrow occupying center of broader

s e c t i o n , only s l i g h t subdorsal furrows i f c e n t r a l ridge ...............
any, t e r g i t e s not undulate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28. Cupacarus cuprifestor ( p . 52 )
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 17. Vasates ( p . 1 7 ) The furrow a broad trough occupying most of
Tergites ridged, furrowed, or undulate . . 7. dorsum w i t h a ridge on each s i d e . . . . . .
. . . . 29. Phyllocoptruta oleivorus (p. 5 2 )
7. Tergites usually undulate or lobed; female
g e n i t a l i a appressed t o coxae and apodeme 18. F l a t species w i t h a s u b l a t e r a l longitudinal
shortened . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . furrow on each s i d e . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 18. Gammaphytoptus camphorae (p. 48) . . . . . . . . . 30. Platyphytoptus ( p . 1 8 )
Tergites forming ridges or furrows; g e n i t a l i a Species l e s s f l a t , having c e n t r a l ridges or
normal distance from coxae and apodeme usual rows of spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.
length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.
19. Lines of wax-bearing spines on a pattern of
8. Dorsum almost wholly occupied by a broad lon- low longitudinal ridges . . . . . . . . . .
gitudinal trough, no c e n t r a l ridge ..... . . . 31. CaZlyntrotus schlectendali ( p . 5 3 )
............. 19. Tetra (p. 18) One c e n t r a l longitudinal r i d g e , sometimes low
A c e n t r a l dorsal ridge and subdorsal ridges 9. and not much d i f f e r e n t i a t e d from rest of
dorsum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.
9. The c e n t r a l ridge ending i n broad dorsal
trough before end of trough . . . . . . . . 20. The c e n t r a l longitudinal ridge often low, but
. . . . . . . . . . . . 20. Abacarus ( p . 18) tapering evenly with subdorsal furrows, p a r t
Central ridge as f a r caudad a s subdorsal of species f l a t t e n e d 32. Epitrimerus ( p . 18)
ridges, a l l fading simultaneously . . . . . Central ridge sharper and usually higher, end-
. . . . . . . . . . . 21. Tegonotus (p. 1 P ) ing i n a broad trough before l a t e r a l ridges;
s i d e s of abdomen o f t e n declivitous . . . 21.
10. Featherclaw divided ........... 11.
Featherclaw simple ........... 13. 21. A l l v e n t r a l s e t a e D r e s e n t , a n t e r i o r s h i e l d
lobe acute . . . . 33. Calepitrimerus (p. 1 9 )
11. Abdomen expanded l a t e r a l l y behind s h i e l d , cau- Ventral abdominal s e t a e I and I1 absent; ante-
d a l portion suddenly narrower. . . . . . . . r i o r s h i e l d lobe broad . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 22. Tumescoptes trachycarpi (p. Sa) ........ .34. Acamina nolinae (p. 57)
Abdomen tapering evenly .........12.

12. Central abdominal ridge ending before end of Species of Oxypleurites

dorsal trough ....
23. Acaricalus (p. 18)
Centra 1 ridge tapering simultaneously with 1. Dorsal s h i e l d tubercles ahead of r e a r margin
furraws and subdorsal r i d g e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.
. . . . . . 24. Acaphylla steinwedeni (p. 50) Dorsal tubercles on r e a r margin . . . . . . 3.

13. Abdomen c i r c u l a r or b r o a d - e l l i p t i c a l i n cross 2. Hind p a t e l l a r s e t a present, on c u l t i v a t e d

s e c t i o n , only s l i g h t subdorsal furrows . . . Corylus . . . . 13-1. depressus Nal. (p. 40)
. . . . . . . . . . 25. Phyllocoptes ( p . 18) Hind p a t e l l a r s e t a absent; on a l d e r .....
Abdomen f l a t t e n e d , or with c e n t r a l trough or . . . . . . . . . 13-2. rnarinalni K. (p. 40)
ridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.
3. Dorsal depression inmediately above cauda;
14. Accessory f l a p over rostrum under a n t e r i o r l a t e r a l projections unequal; on o l i v e . . .
s h i e l d lobe; r e a r of abdomen abruptly pro- ......... 13-3. maxwelli K. (p. 40)
j e c t i n g dawn or recurved; f l a t t e n e d species Dorsum curving evenly drnvn t o cauda . . . . 4.
.................... 15.
No accessory f l a p under a n t e r i o r s h i e l d lobe . 4. Dorsal s e t a e projecting outwards and caudad 5.
.................... 16. Dorsal s e t a e projecting up and c e n t r a l l y . .7.

15. Central longitudinal ridge present ...... 5. T e r g i t e s f l a t ; on English walnut . . . . . .

... 26. CaZiphytoptus quercilobatae (p. 52) . . . . . . . . . 13-4. juglandis K. (p. do)
Three narrinv d o r s a l longitudinal furrows . . . A c e n t r a l longitudinal ridge ....... 6.
... 27. Acarelliptus occidentalis (p. 52)
6. Tergal ridge with small longitudinal f u r r m s ;
16. Central dorsal longitudinal furrows ... 17. southern species on Baccharis . . . . . . .
 THE ERIOPHYID MlTES OF CALIFORNIA 17

. . . . . . . . . 13-5. baccharis K. (p. 40) ......... 17-1. calulini ( K . ) (p. 4 3 )

Tergal ridge with almost no sculpturing; cen- Featherclaw 8-rayed ............ 2.
.......
t r a l C a l i f o r n i a ; on Baccharis
. . . . . . . . . 13-6. acidotus K. (p. 39) Featherclaw 7-rayed ............ 3.
Featherclaw 6-rayed ............ 4.
7 . Central longitudinal ridge on dorsum; on Featherclaw 5-rayed ............ 5.
Aesculus . .13-7. aesculifoliae (K.) (p. 39) Featherclaw 4-rayed ............ 6.
No t e r g a l ridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.
2. S h i e l d pointed a n t e r i o r l y and with design
8. Shield as long as broad; montane species; on ........
c l e a r l y v i s i b l e ; on m s q u i t e
Cornus .... 13-8. cornifoliae K. (p. 40) ......... 17-2. prosopis (K.) (p. 47)
Shield s h o r t e r than broad; lowland species; an Anterior s h i e l d lobe r o d e d ; design obsolete;
Cornus ..... .13-9. glabratae K. (p. 40) ...
on Taaarix 17-3. i u i g r m s (K.) (p. 45)

3. Median s h i e l d l i n e ending with a dart-shaped

Species of Coptophylla mark; on Symphoricarpos . . . . . . . . . . .
...... 17-4. syapfwricarpi ( K . ) (p. 47)
1. T e r g i t e s broad, each covering a number of f i n e Median s h i e l d line siuple; on Elyrus . . . . .
sternites; an c u l t i v a t e d Corylus . . . . . . ......... 17-5. rckenziei K. (p. 46)
........ 14-1. Zaairani (K.) (p. 41)
Tergites and s t e r n i t e s a l l narrcm and about 4. Shield design n e t - l i k e , t e r g i t e s smooth; on
equal, microtuberculate ......... 2. Cercis . . . . . . 17-6. scotti ( K . ) (p. 47)
Shield granular, t e r g i t e s with elongate micro-
2. Shield design of s o l i d l i n e s ; on Arbutus . . . tubercles; on magnolia ...........
......... 14-2. arbuti ( K . ) (p. 41) ....... 17-7. rnagnoliuora ( K . ) (p. 46)
Shield design of l i n e s of granules; on oak
. . . . . . . . 14-3. caliquerci K. (p. 41)
. . 5. Microtubercles spine-1,ike; on Manzanita ....
. . . . . . . . 17-8. rnwzanitae (K.) (p. 46)
Microtubercles pointed or short-spinulate, an
Species of Calacarus Cotyledon .. 17-9. cotyZedonis (K.) (p. 43)
T e r g i t e s lacking microtubercles; on Ambrosia .
1. Three wax-bearing abdominal ridges; on Kellogg ........ 17-10. d r o s i a e (K.) (p. 43)
oak ...... 15-1. puluiferus K. (p. 42)
Five wax-bearing abdominal ridges .....
2. 6. Dorsal setae a t l e a s t one and one half the
s h i e l d length .............. 7.
2. Elaborate s h i e l d p a t t e r n of curved l i n e s ; on Dorsal setae a t most about s h i e l d length . 8.
Camellia ... 15-2. adornatus K . ) (p. 41)
Shield design of a simple e l l i p t i c a l c e n t r a l 7. T e r g i t e s microtuberculate; on native Corylus .
raised p l a t e , the margin absent a n t e r i o r l y ; ....... 17-11. tumalpais ( K . ) (p. 4 7 )
on Valley white oak 15-3. tejonis K. (p. 42 ) Tergites smooth; on azalea . . . . . . . . . .
Species of Anthocoptes
..... 17-12. rhododendronis (K.) (p. 47)

1. Featherclaw 2-rayed; on e l m . . . . . . . . . .
8. Shield design obsolete; on Unbelliferae ...
........ 16-1. punctidorsa K. (p. 42)
. . . . . . .17-13. eurynotus (Nal.) (p. 44)
Featherclaw 5 or 6-rayed . . . . . . . . . . 2.
Shield design d i s t i n c t .......... 4.
9. Shield strongly d e c l i v i t o u s on front of ante-
2. Featherclaw 6-rayed; . . . .
on Pickeringia
...........
r i o r lobe; on Sol an^
........ 16-2. pickeringiae K. (p. 4) ....... 17-14. destructor (K.) (p. 44)
Featherclaw 5-rayed ............ 3. Anterior s h i e l d lobe tapering to leading edge --
3. Tergites non-tuberculate, s h i e l d with c e n t r a l
.................... .lU.

longitudinal hump; on Cermothus cuneatus . .

.......... 16-3. hesperus K. (p. 4 2 ) 10. Anterior s h i e l d lobe w i t h a pair of small ter-
..............
minal spines 11.
Tergites with elongate microtubercles; s h i e l d
design obsolete; on Ericoreria ....... Anterior s h i e l d lobe lacking terminal spines .
. . . . . . . 16-4. ericaaeriella K. (p. 42) .................... 14.

Species of Vasates 11. Shield design of l i n e s of granules; on apple .

. . . . . . . 17-15. maZiuagrans K. (p. 46)
1. Featherclaw 2-rayed; on e l m .......... Shield design of s o l i d l i n e s . . . . . . . 12.
18 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

12. Tergites strongly microtuberculate; on Rhamnus row; on oak . . . 23-1. segundus K. (p. 50)
..... 17-16'. rhamniuagrans ( K . ) (p. 47) Shield hardly keeled, l i n e s broad; on ivy . .
Tergites smooth or nearly so ....... 13. ......... 23-2. hederae (K. 1 (p. 50)

13. On p r i v e t . . . . 17-17. Zigustri ( K . )

(p. 45)
On peach . . 17-18. cornutus (Banks) (p. 43) Species of Phyllocoptes
On plum ... 11-19. fockeui (Nal.) (p. 45)
.......
1. Featherclaw 3-rayed; on w i l l o w
14. Tergites and sternites about equal i n number; . . . . . . . . 25-1. caZisaZicis K. (p- 5 1 )
on S i e r r a Maple .17-20. paraglabri K. (p. 46) Featherclaw 4-rayed . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.
Tergites less numrous than s t e r n i t e s .. 15. Featherclaw 5-rayed . . . . . . . . . . . 3.
Featherclaw 6-rayed; on rose . . . . . . . .
15. Tergal microtubercles i n d i s t i n c t ; bead g a l l s . . . . . . . . . . 25-2. adalius K. (p. 51)
on w i l l a w leaves 17-21. Zaeuigatae (Hassan)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (p.45) 2. Tergites very s i mi l ar t o s t e r n i t e s ; on plum
Tergal microtubercles d i s t i n c t . . . . . . 16. . . . . . . . . . . 25-3. abaenus K. (p. 51)
Tergites d i s t i n c t l y broader than s t e r n i t e s ; on
16. Tergal microtubercles s h o r t , e l l i p t i c a l , bead bracken . . . . . 25-4. dimrphus K. (p. 51)
g a l l s on poison oak leaves . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 17-22. toxicophagus (Ewing) (P. 47) 3. Female coverflap longitudinally very narraw;
Tergal microtubercles elongate; on S i e r r a on Cedrus ...... 25-5. cedri K. (p. 51)
Maple i n magenta erineum 17-23.gZabri K.(p.45) Tergal coverflap of normal shape . . . . . 4.

Species of Tetra 4. Shield design a network of s o l i d l i n e s ; i n

rose f r u i t s .
25-6. f r u c t i p h i l u s K. (p. 51)
1. Featherclaw 6-rayed: v q a n t on leaves of Shield design of l i n e s of granules . . . . 5.
Cercocarpus . . .19-1. cercocarpi K. (p. .ia)
Featherclaw 2-rayed; vagrant on elm leaves . . 5. Admedian l i n e s forked t o r e a r , the inner
. . . . . . . . . 19-2. concaua (K.) (p. 48) branches confluent; on Rubus u i t i f o l i u s . .
. . . . . . . . . 25-7. c a l i r u b i K. (p. 51)
Admedian lines diverging t o r e a r ; on c u l t i v a t -
Species of Abacarus ed Rubus*. ..
25-8 g r a c i l i s (Nal.) (p. 52)

1. Featherclaw 8-rayed; submedian s h i e l d l i n e s

absent; on grass .20-1. h y s t r i x (Nal.)(p. 48) Species of Platyphytoptus
Featherclaw 6-rayed; submedian s h i e l d l i n e s
present; on Ceanothus 20-2.acalyptus(K. l(p.48) 1. Tergites and s t e r n i t e s about equal i n number;
on lowland and middle a l t i t u d e pines in
Species of Tegonocus needle sheaths ..............
. . . . . . . . 30-1. sabinianae K. p. 5 3 )
1. Tergites narraw, microtuberculate . . . . . 2. T e r g i t e s half as numerous a s s t e r n i t e s on
Tergites broader, microtubercles suppressed or Pinus murryana a t high elevations . . . .
absent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. . . . . . . 30-2. multisternatus K . p. 53)
2. Shield design of lines of granules; under avo-
cado buttons ...
21-1. a y e r s i (K.) (p. @) Species of Epitrimerus
Shield design of s o l i d l i n e s ; vap-mt on ash . 1. Dorsal s e t a e projecting cawlo-centrally or
. . . . . . . 21-2. califraxini (K.) (p. 49) c e n t r a l l y from tubercles diagonal with but
3. Broad c e n t r a l tergal ridge; deforming "IS touching the r e a r nmrgin ........ 2.
leaves . . . . 21-3. rhamicola (K.) (p. 49) Tubercles w e l l ahead of t h e r e a r s h i e l d mr-
Narrow c e n t r a l ridge ........... 4. gin, t h e setae projecting c e n t r a l l y . . 3.

4. Shield design n e t - l i k e ; on jujube . . . . . . 2. Featherclaw 5-rayed; on Ribes . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . 21-4. zizyphagus (K.)(p. 49) ........ 32-1. s i e r r i b i s K. (p. 55)
Shield design obscure; on box e l d e r . . . . . Featherclaw 6-rayed; on P t e l e a . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .-21-5. negundella K. (p. 4) . . . . . . . . . 32-2. pteZeae K . (p. 55)
3. Shield bearing prominent lateral lobes . . 4.
Species of Acaricalus Shield curving evenly i n t o aMornen . . . . 5.
1. Shield strongly keeled, lines of design nar- 4. Featherclaw 4-rayed; on pear ......
*and R. paruif lorus
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 19

. . . . . . . . . 32-3. p y r i (Nal.) ( p . 55) . 36. Quadracus urticarius (C. & M.) (p. 57 )
Featherclaw 5-rayed; on Abies concolor . . . A t most only s l i g h t subdorsal furrows; no
......... 32-4. abietis K. (p. 54) broad c e n t r a l ridge, t e r g i t e s even i n s i d e
Featherclaw 6-rayed; on Cupressus ...... view .... 37. Rhyncaphytoptus K. (p. 1 9 )
........ 32-5. cupressi ( K . ) (p. 54)
5. Dorsal ridges with wax glands forming lon- 4. Dorsal s e t a e missing . 38. Rhynacus K. ( p . 1 9 )
g i t u d i n a l bands of wax; on Sambucus . . . . Dorsal s e t a e present . 39. Diptacus K. ( p . 1 9 )
. . . . . . . 32-6. trilobus (Nal.) (p. 55)
No d e f i n i t e longitudinal wax s t r i p e s formed, Species of Rhyncaphytoptus
or no wax ............... 6.
1. Fore t i b i a s h o r t e r than tarsus ...... 2.
6. Female coverflap with diagonal f u r r a w . 7. Fore t i b i a as long or longer than tarsus . 3.
- e n i t a l coverflap with numerous s h o r t
Female g
longitudinal streaks . . . . . . . . . . 8. 2. Dorsal tubercules f i n g e r l i k e ; on sycamore . .
7. T e r g i t e s much broader than s t e r n i t e s ; on
.......... 37-1. platani K. (p. 58.)
Dorsal tubercles only moderately produced; on
Cupressus . 32.7. cupressifoliae K. (p. 54) oak ..... 37-2. megarostris ( K . ) ( p . 5 8 )
Tergites but l i t t l e broader than s t e r n i t e s ; on
Libocedrus . . 32.8. Zibocedri (K.) (p:54) 3. T e r g i t e s q u i t e similar t o s t e r n i t e s i n form
and number; coverflap with longitudinal
8. Featherclaw 4-rayed; on Pseudotsuga ..... scoring; on boxelder ............
....... 32-9. pseudotsugae K. (p. 55) ......... 37-3. strigatus K. (p. 59)
Featherclaw 10-rayed; on ToxwIiun ...... T e r g i t e s fewer and broader than s t e r n i t e s . 4.
. . . . . . . . 32-10. tarodii (K.) (p. 55)
4. Microtubercles strongly s p i n e l i k e ; on Kellogg
Species of Calepitrirnerus oak . . . . . . . 37-4. spinifera K. (p. 59)
Microtubercles a t most but moderately spine-
1. Dorsal tubercles produced f i n g e r - l i k e ; feath-
erclaw 5-rayed; i n surface h a i r s on Umbel-
like. ................. 5.
Zularia t i p s 33-1. umbellulariae K. (p. 57) 5. Tergites .smooth, covering 2 or 3 s t e r n i t e s ; on
Dorsal tubercles but moderately raised' . . 2. high mountain w i l l o w . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 37-5. salicifoliae K. (p. 5 8 )
2. Featherclaw 8-rayed; on Andropogon ...... T e r g i t e s bearing smll spines, a t l e a s t lat-
....... 33-2. d r o p o g o n i s K. (p. 5 6 ) e r a l l y , each cavering 4 t o 5 s t e r n i t e s f o r
Featherclaw 7-rayed; on Amelanchier leaves . . most of body length . . . . . . . . . . . 6.
.......... 33-3. anatis K. (p. 5 6 )
Featherclaw 4-rayed . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. 6. Featherclaw 5-rayed; on e l m .........
. . . . . . . . 37-6. ulniuagrans K. (p. 59 )
3. Central dorsal ridge one h a l f abdominal Featherclaw &rayed; on f i g . . . . . . . . .
length; on apple . 33-4. baileyi K. (p. 56) . . . . . . . . 37-7. ficifoliae K. (p.,58 1
Central ridge two t h i r d s or inore abdomen Featherclaw 9-rayed; on l m l a n d w i l l o w . . . .
length. ................ 4. . . . . . . . . . . 37-8. acilius K. (p. 5 8 )
4. Shield design obscure, large area of l a t e r a l
granulations; on Artemisia heterophylla . . Species of Rhynacus
........ 33-5. carinijerus K. (p. 56) 1. T e r g i t e s broader than and d i s t i n c t l y less
The admedian lines and some others d i s t i n c t
..................... nuraerous than s t e r n i t e s ; on manzanita ...
5. . . . . . . 38-1. arctostaphyli (K.) (p. 60)
Tergites and s t e r n i t e s about same number and
5. Admedian l i n e s forking between the d o r s a l tu- s t r u c t u r e ; on Rubus . . . . . . . . . . . .
bercles; on grape 33-6. uitis ( N a l . ) (p. 57) . . . . . . . . 38-2. abronius (K.) (p. 59)
Admedian lines curving outward between the
dorsal tubercles; M Crataegus ....... Species of Diptacus
. . . . . . . . 33-7. arkatus (Nal.) (p. 56) I. Dorsal tubercles s l i g h t l y produced, the s e t a e
Diptilorniopini, Key to Genera s h o r t ; a n t e r i o r s h i e l d lobe s h o r t ; design on
s h i e l d n e t - l i k e ; on plum, peach, blackberry,
1. Featherclaw silrple . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. grape and other hosts ...........
Featherclaw divided . . . . . . . . . . . 4. . . . . 39-1. gigantorhynchus (Nal.) (p. 60)
Dorsal tubercles f i n g e r - l i k e ; a n t e r i o r s h i e l d
2. No d o r s a l setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lobe produced w e l l over rcxitrm . . . . . 2.
. . . . . . 35. Asetacus nadronae K. (p. 57)
Dorsal setae present . . . . . . . . . . . 3. 2. Median s h i e l d line 3/4 as long as s h i e l d ; on
a l d e r . . . . 39-2. sacrarnentae (K.) (p. 6 0 )
3. Broad mid-dorsal abdominal ridge, t h e t e r g i t e s Median line i n d i s t i n c t ; on native Corylus . .
uneven i n lateral view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39-3. caZicoryZi (K.) (p. 6 0 )
 IV. Discussion of Species

PHYTOPTINAE sheath. Certain v a r i e t i e s have been named f o r

t h i s m i t e but t h e writer is unable t o c m n t
Genus 1. Tvisetacus Keifer, 1952 on t h e i r s t a t u s a t the present writing. In
California the species of the genus Pinus that
h1. Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 41, p. 32, 1952 have the m i t e a r e : j e f f r e y i Vasey, J e f f r y
Type of genus: 'I'risetacus p i n i (Ral.) pine; ponderosa Dougl., Yellow pine; radiata
Don, Monterey pine; sabinima Dougl., Digger
pine; torreyana Farry, Torrey pine. This list
Trisetacrrs crrpress; (K.) (1-2)
w i l l undoubtedly be enlarged.
P l a t e 1-2
Ca 1i f ornia records :
Phytoptus cupressi k i f e r , BCLU V. 33, p. 19, 1944 AMADDR CO.: Lumber Yard S t a t i o n , VIII-17-1947
Type l o c a l i t y : San Francisco (HHK
Type host: Cupressus macrocarpa H a r t w . , Monterey EL DORADO C O . : Fallen Leaf Lake, M-10-1947
cypress ("K)
Additional host: Juniperus ch inens i s procurabens CDNTRA CDSTA CO.: M t . Diablo, M-20-1951
Fhdl., p r o s t r a t e juniper (HHK 1
Comnon name: Cypress t i p m i t e UIS ANGELES CO.: Charleston F l a t s , M-12-1944
Relation t o host: Ch Monterey cypress the m i t e (L. E. Myers)
forms small galls on the tips of the twigs. : Albion, 111-2-1939
MENWCINO 0.
What appears t o be the same mite k i l l s the tips (J. B. Steinweden)
on p r o s t r a t e juniper. RIVERSIDE CD.: Idylwild, X-9-1939 (HHK)
SAN DIEGO CO. : Torrey Fines, M-7-1937
California records: (M. L. Jones)
ALAMEDA CO.: Berkeley, X-1-1941, Juniper SAN LUIS OBISPO CO. : & & r i a , M-6-1940 (HHK)
(M. R. B e l l ) SACRAMENTO CO. : &cramento, M-1937 (HHK)
CRANGE CO.: Santa h a , VI-10-1942 (Dudley)
SAN FRANCISCO CO. : San Francisco, VIII-28-
1943 (HHK) Genus .2. Setoptus Keifer, 1944
BCDA V. 33, p. 19, 1944
Trisetacrrs p h i (Nal.) (1-1) Type of genus: Setoptus jonesi (K.)
P l a t e 1-1

Phytoptus pini Nalepa. Ab. &ad. Wiss. math-nat. Setoptus jorresi (K.) (2-1)
Wien. V 96, p. 133, 1887 P l a t e 2-1
Eriophyes p i n i (Nal.) Keifer, BCDA V . 27, p. 182,
1938 Platyphytoptus jonesi Keifer, BCDA V . 27, p. 189,
Type l o c a l i t y : Austria 1938
Type host: Pinus s y l v e s t r i s L. Type l o c a l i t y : Torrey Pines
Additional hosts: Pinus spp. Type host: Pinus torreyana Parry
Cannon name: Pine bud m i t e (approved) Additional hosts: Pinus j e f f r e y i Vasey; P . mcrri-
Relation t o host: In California the mites inhab- cata Don; P. ponderosa Dougl.
it the needle sheaths and have occasionally Canmon name: Torrey pine sheath m i t e
been found t o cause yellowing of the needles. Relation t o host: The m i t e s inhabit the needle
In Europe on the type host t h i s species pro- sheaths with no apparent damage t o their hosts.
duces twig enlargements. Discussion: This is t h e l a r g e s t Eriophyid i n Cal-
Discussion: 'Ihis mite is widely d i s t r i b u t e d , ap- i f o r n i a . It is widely d i s t r i b u t e d although
parently by n a t u r a l means. It occurs on any search has f a i l e d t o indicate t h a t i t inhabits
pine i n California t h a t has M adequate needle Monterey pine i n its three mainland stands:

20
 THE ERIOPHYID h1ITE.S OF CALIFORNIA 21

Cambria, Monterey and An0 Nuevo Point. I t oc- No damage would seem t o r e s u l t from the a c t i v -
curs north and south of these l o c a l i t i e s , i t i e s of the mite.
hcwever.
California records:
California records : EL h A W a.: Riverton, RII-24-1938 (HHK)
MADOR CO.: Lumber Yard S t a t i o n , VIII-17-1947
(HHK)
El. DORAW CO.: Twin Bridges, E-9-1945 (HHK) Pbyfoptzrs bedericola K . (3-3)
MARIN CO.: Inverness, vII-1939 (HHK) P l a t e 3-3
SAN D I E 0 0.: Torrey Pines, E-7-1937
(M. L. Jones) Phytoptus hedericola Keifer, D A V . 32, p. 212,
1943
Genus 3. Pbytoptm Dujardin, 1851 Type l o c a l i t y : San Mateo
Type host: Hedera helix L., English Ivy
Ann. Sci. nat. ser. 3, V. 15, p. 166, 1851 Comncn name: Ivy budmite
Type of genus: Phytoptus avellanae Nal., Keifer, Relation t o host: 'Ihe m i t e s inhabit the buds and
V. 27, p. 301, 1938 cause s t u n t i n g of the leaves. ckt dwarf potted
ivy t h i s mite produces severe s t u n t i n g of the
Pbytoptru avellaiiae Nal. (3-1) shoots .
P l a t e 3-1
California records:
Phytoptus avellanae Nalepa, Sb. Akad. Wiss. math- Los ANGELES CO. : Montebe110, IX-15-1942
nat. Wien, V. 98, p. 126, 1889 (V. E. W i l l i a m )
Type l o c a l i t y : A u s t r i a SAN MATE0 CO.: %n Mateo, XII-26-1942 (HHK)
Type host: Corylus aveZlma L . , F i l b e r t
Comnon name: F i l b e r t bud m i t e (approved)
Relation t o host: The mites overwinter i n the t e r - Genus 4. Anchiphytopttcs Keifer, 1952
minal buds and change them i n t o an enlarged
s t r u c t u r e which is a gall and is known as "big BCS)A V. 41, p. 31, 1952
bud". During the surmer the nymphs apparently Type of genus: Anchiphytoptus lineatus K.
e x i s t i n t w o f o r m . ?he one resembling the
a d u l t is found i n the buds. The one on the un- At~cbiphytoptzrslivzeatus K. (4-1)
derside of the leaves is of a form which could P l a t e 4-1
not be expected f o r t h i s type of m i t e s i n c e
t h i s nymph resembles Oxypleurites m i t e s . Anchiphytoptus lineatus Keifer, BCaA V. 41, p. 31,
Discussion: The m i t e is widely d i s t r i b u t e d on its 1952
host, and m c u r s on what is probably a n a t i v e Type l o c a l i t y : Rocky Camp, Hat Creek
Corylus in t h e Eastern United States. Vallot i n Type host: Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt., Mountain
1836 named t h i s m i t e Acarus pseudogallarum : mhogany
Mem. Ac. Dijon p. 189. Relation t o host: 'his species is presumably a
budmite. It was recovered from dry sections of
Ca 1i f ornia records : t h e host p l a n t while the writer was studying
BUTI%: CO.: Paradise V-16-1939 (A. E. h v e y ) the leaf vagrant, T. cercocarpi, on t h i s host.

Phytoptzrs corniseminis K. ( 3 - 2 ) California records:

P l a t e 3-2 SHASTA CO. : Rocky camp, kt Creek. VIII-10-
1948 (HHK)
Phytoptus corniserninis Keifer, 8 o A V. 28, p. 144,
1939
Type l o c a l i t y : Riverton, E l Dorado Co. SIERRAPHYTOPTINAE
Type host: Cornus nuttalli Aud., flowering dogwood
C m n name: Dogwood budmite
Relation t o host: The mites overwinter i n the ter- Genus 5. Sierraphytoptus Keifer, 1939
minal buds. In the spring they move t o the
flcwers and then l i v e through the sunmer mainly BCDA V. 28, p. 151, 1939
between the seeds i n the p e r s i s t e n t seed heads. Type of genus: Sierraphytoptus alnivagrans K.
22 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Sierraph ytoptrrs aluie~agramK. ( 5 - 1) s h i e l d s e t a e but no subdorsal abdomina1 setae.

P l a t e 5-1 The w r i t e r has not seen the type of the genus,
but the published figure seem informative. In
Sierraphytoptus alnivagrans Keifer, ED9 V. 28, 1905 Banks established the genus Cecidobia f o r
p. 152, 1939 t h e species salicicola, a mite he s t a t e d was
Type l o c a l i t y : Cisco d i s t r i c t from w i l l u w g a l l s . Banks described t h i s mite a s
Type host: Alnus tenuifolia Nutt., a l d e r having a f r o n t a l s h i e l d seta ( l i k e NaZepella?) ,
Relation t o host: lhe mites a r e undersurface but the dorsal setae a r e depicted a s pointing
vagrants backwards, unlike NaZepeZla. Prof. T. D. A.
Cockerell supplied the o r i g i n a l material t o
Ca 1i f ornia records : Banks, and i n 1944 he s e n t the w r i t e r additional
PLACER CO.: c i s c o d i s t r i c t , M-13-1938 (HHK) willw galls from the same location, on request.
EL DORAM) CO.: Fallen Leaf Lake, E-13-1951 The mites i n these galls proved t o be a species
(HHK of Vasates, perhaps the same as the mite Banks
described except for t h e f r o n t a l seta. Benks may
have mistaken u p l i f t e d chelicerae for a f r o n t a l
Genus 6. Mackiella Keifer, 1939 s e t a . A t any r a t e , Cecidobia remains unexplained.

BCDA V . 28, p. 147, 1939

Type of genus: Mackiella phoenicis K. Nalepella edilae K. (7-1)
P l a t e 7-1

Mackiella phoenicis K. (6-1) Nalepella ednae Keifer, BCM V. 40, p. 93, 1951
P l a t e 6-1 Type l o c a l i t y : Twin Bridges
Type host: Abies magnifica Murr., red f i r
Mackiella phoenicis Keifer, m A V. 28, p. 147, Relation t o host: The mites are needle vagrants on
1939 the c u r r e n t season's growth, becoming more nu-
'Type l o c a l i t y : Indio rnerous i n l a t e sumner.
Type host: Phoenix dactylifera L., d a t e p a l m
Comnon name: Date p a l m budmite C a l i f o r n i a records:
Relation t o host: The mites l i v e between the s u r - EL co. : Twin k i d g e s , M-1-1946 (HHK);
faces of the folded fronds as they rise out of Fallen k a f Lake, M-11-1947
the bud. No apparent damage has ever been
noted. Nalepella tsrrgae K. (7-2)
Discussion: 'Ihis mite is without doubt of Old P l a t e 7-2
World o r i g i n , but apparently no one has ever
searched f o r it on date palm i n its n a t i v e Nalepella tsugae Keifer, BCM V. 40, p. 94, 1951
h a b i t a t . To c o l l e c t the mite t h e c o l l e c t o r Type l o c a l i t y : Lassen National Park, 8000 f e e t
must c u t away the numerous sharp spines 'to g e t e l e v a t ion.
t o the folded leaves. Type host: Tsuga mertensiana Bong., Mamtain
hemlock
California records: Fielation t o host: The mites a r e vagrants on the new
RIVERSIDE CO. : Indio, x-
10-1938 (HHK) growth.
SOLNO CO.: Winters d i s t r i c t (Wolfskill
Ranch), V-3-1945 (HHK) California record:
S H A S T A CO. : Lassen National Park, VIII-22-1949
Genus 7. Nalepella Keifer, 1944 (HHK 1

BCDA V. 33, p. 21, 1944 ERIOPHYINAE

Type of genus: Nalepella triceias (Borner), Abr.
Biol. Abt. Land-Forst. Kaiserl. Ges. Berlin, V. Genus 8. Cecidophyes Nalepa, 1889
5. p. 140, 1906; Keifer, BcDA V. 33, p. 21,
1944 Sb. &ad. liss. math-nat. l i e n , V. 98, p. 31, 1889
Discussion: This genus w a s erected t o accommodate Type of genus: Cecidophyes galii (Karpelles) Nal.:
mites a l l i e d t o Sierraphytoptus t h a t have three Keifer, BcDA v. 27, p. 302, 1938
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 23

Liiscussion: The writer has not seen the type of with the d o r s a l setae projecting d i r e c t l y back-
the genus and has no information on it except wards from t u b e r c l e s on the r e a r margin of the
through Nalepas publications. Nalepa used the s h i e l d . The long a x i s of these d o r s a l tubercles
genus for s h o r t , stocky mites, and then d i s - is transverse t o the d i r e c t i o n of i n c l i n a t i o n .
carded it when t h i s viewpoint became untenable. I n Aceria t h i s a x i s is transverse t o the body
The lack of dorsal s e t a e did not impress him a s length. I n some genera the d o r s a l tubercles are
anything more than a s p e c i f i c character. s i t u a t e d near the r e a r s h i e l d margin but have
t h e i r long a x i s p a r a l l e l t o the body length,
d i r e c t i n g the d o r s a l s e t a e up and c e n t r a l l y .
Cecidophyes malpi~hiauus (C.& M.) (8-1)
P l a t e 8-1
Aceria abalis (K.)(9-36)
Phytop tus malpighianus Canestrini and Massalongo, P l a t e 9-36
EM. SOC.Veneto-Trent. V. 5, p. 127, 1e93;
Eriophyes at. Keifer, Bca4 V. 28, p. 334, 1930 Eriophyes abalis Keifer, BCDA V. 29, p. 25, 194@
Type l o c a l i t y : I t a l y Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
Type host: Laurus nobilis L . , Grecian l a u r e l Type host: Artemisia heterophytla Nutt., womood
Common name: Laurel budmite Relation t o host: The m i t e s cause erineum pockets
Helation to host: The m i t e s i n h a b i t t h e buds and on t h e undersides of t h e leaves. n e s e pockets
opening flowers. In the latter p o s i t i o n they bulge out on t h e upper surface. ?he e x t r a
may cause b l a s t i n g of the f l a v e r parts, or de- growth of h a i r mikes the pockets white below.
formation. I n f e s t a t i o n s would seem t o remain Discussion: This mite is undoubtedly close t o
localized on t h e i n f e s t e d l a u r e l s , however. Aceria artenisiae (Can.) of Europe.
Discussion: The o r i g i n a l d e s c r i p t i o n does not pre-
c i s e l y match our Sacramento specimens. There Ca 1i f o r n i a record :
seems t o be a complex of t h i s type of m i t e i n SACRAMWW CO. : Sacramento, X-19-1939 (HHK)
the Mediterranean region, l a u r e l leaves from
I s r a e l bearing erineurn having a very s i m i l a r
m i t e on them. Aceria alleurolfeae K. (9-43.1)
P l a t e 9-43.1
C a l i f o r n i a record:
SACFiAMIPIZO CO. : Sacramento, IV-6-1939 (HHK) Aceria allenrolfeae Keifer, BCDA V. 41, p. 67,
1952
Type l o c a l i t y : Wheeler Hidge a r e a of Kern County
Cecidophyes verilicis (K.) (8-2) Type host: Allenrolfea occidentalis (Wats.),
P l a t e 8-2
Iodine bush
Additional host: Salicornia s p . , pickleweed
Eriophyes verilicis Keifer, BcIy\ V. 28, p. 418,
Relation t o host: The m i t e s l i v e i n the crevices
1939 betmeen the j o i n t s , and in t h e flower heads. In
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
these locations they usually produce a s l i g h t
Type host: Ilex aquifolim L., h o l l y
browning and s h r i v e l i n g of t h e tissue.
Relation t o host: ?he mites l i v e i n the buds and
under the f r u i t buttons.
C a l i f o r n i a records :
KERN CO. : Wheeler Ridge d i s t r i c t , XI-18-1951
C a l i f o r n i a records :
(HHK1
ALAMEDA CO. : Berkeley, 111-15-1939
SAN DIEGO CO. I Oceanside, X-2-1951, (HHK)
(G. B. Ling)
SACRAMENZO CO. : Sacramento, VI-21-1939 (HHK)
Aceria aloiiiis (K.)(9-46)
P l a t e 9-46
Genus 9. Aceria Keifer, 1944
Eriophyes aloinis K e i f e r , BCDA v. 30, p. 205, 1941
Bul. Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 33, p. 22, 1944 Type l o c a l i t y : North Hollpood
Type of Genus: Aceria tulipae K . , BCIM v. 27, Type host: Aloe spinossissina, a l o e
p. 185, 1938 Additional host: Haworthia sp.
Discussion: This genus accomnodates worm-like mites Comnon name: Aloe wart m i t e .
24. BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Relation t o host: On aloe the mite produces a of Baccharis which is comnon t o dry washes i n
large mass of d i s f i g u r i n g warts on the inner northern C a l i f o r n i a . The other host is the same
base of the leaves. The minute purple mites s o r t of thing but confined t o the south.
l i v e i n the crevices formed by the warts. The
wart mass is e n t i r e l y out of proportion t o the C a l i f o r n i a records:
s i z e of the c a u s i t i v e organism. BU'ITE CO.: ,-C XI-23-1944 (H. G. White)
KFRN CO.: Ebkersfield, 1-14-1946 (B. L. Fox)
C a l i f o r n i a records: L o 6 ANGELES CO. : Glendale, VIII-12-1941
LOS ANGELES C O . : h r b a n k , IV-13-1944: &
G (V. E. Williams)
d a l e , IV-15-1942 (L. E. Myers); ?L RIVERSIDE CO. : Riverside, 1938
Angeles, XII-12-1940 (V. E. Williams); (K. E. Maxwell)
North Hollywood, XI-18-1940 (W); R 2 - SAN MATE0 CO.: k l m o n t , V-31-1947
do Beach, 11-25-1942; Van Nuys, IV-24-1944 VENRJRA C O . : Santa Faula, VIII-8-193O
SAN DIEGO CO.: P a c i f i c Beach, XII-9-1940 (E. L. Smith)
(T. Aller): San Diego, E-16-1944
(D. F. Palmer)
SANTA BARBARA CO. : Santa Barbara, VII-24-194i Aceria heevori K. (9-38)
(H. S. Cumnings) P l a t e 9-38

Aceria beeuori K e i f e r , BCDA V . 40, p. 96, 1951

Aceria arnicrrlus (K.) (9-8) Type l o c a l i t y : S i e r r a City d i s t r i c t
P l a t e 9-8 Type host: Wyethia s p . possibly mollis
Relation t o host: The mite produces g a l l s i n the
Eriophyes amiculus K e i f e r , X D A V. 29, p. 23, 1940 f l w e r heads of its h o s t , which g a l l s may a t
Type l o c a l i t y : Wheeler Canyon times involve the e n t i r e head.
Type host: J u g l a n s c a l i f o r n i c a Kats., Southern
black walnut C a l i f o r n i a records :
.Additional host: J u g l a n s h i n d s i i Jepson, northern SHASTA CO. : Rocky Camp, Hat Creek, VIII-10-
black walnut 1948 (HHK)
Relation t o host: The mites a r e i n q u i l i n e s i n the SIERRA CO.: S i e r r a City d i s t r i c t , VII-18-1948
l e a f g a l l s caused by Aceria brachytarsus (K.) ( G . A. Ekevor)

C a l i f o r n i a records:
vmmw cO. : Wheeler Canyon, Santa Paula, Aceria boycei (K.) (9-22)
X-4-1939 (Cyril Gamnon) P l a t e 9-22
YOLO CO.: Davis, X-10-1939 (HHK)
Eriophyes boycei K e i f e r , BCDA V . 32, p. 213, 1943
Type l o c a l i t y : Fillmore
Type host: Ambrosia psilostachya D C . , western
ragweed
Aceria haccharices K. (9-37) h e l a t i o n t o host: I h e mites form numerous bead
P l a t e 9-37 g a l l s on the terminal leaves.
Discussion: This m i t e does not occur on the same
Aceria baccharices Keifer, BCW V . 34, p. 139, host i n northern C a l i f o r n i c a .
1945
Type l o c a l i t y : Chic0 Ca 1i f o r n i a record :
Type host: Baccharis uirninea E., mule f a t , the VFNTUFtA CO.: Fillmore, VIII-8-1940
northern p l a n t (A. M. Ebyce)
Additional host: Baccharis glutinosa Fers., the
southern plant Aceria brachytarsus (K.) (9-7)
Comnon name: Baccharis gallmite P l a t e 0-7
Relation t o host: ' h e mites produce bead g a l l s on
the leaves with the opening on the under sur- Eriophyes brevitarsus Keifer, BCDA V . 28, p. 224,
face. A t times these galls a r e numerous enough 1939
t o deform the leaves. Eriophyes brachytarsus Keifer, Ea4 V . 28, p. 328,
Discussion: ?he type host is the long-leaf type 1939
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 25

Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento California record:

Type host: Juglans hindsii Jepson, northern black VENWM CO. : S n t a Paula, VII-28-1937 (HHK)
walnut
Additional host: Juglans californica Wats. ,
southern black walnut Aceria calaceris K. (9-9)
Comnon name: Black walnut purse-gall mite P l a t e 9-9
Relation t o host: The mites produce moderate-
sized purse galls on the leaves with the open- Aceria calaceris Keifer, BI3)A V. 41, p. 33, 1952
ing on the under surface. lhe galls may be Type l o c a l i t y : Fallen Leaf Lake
q u i t e numerous on the l e a f l e t s , e s p e c i a l l y on Type host: Acer glabrrn Torr., S i e r r a maple
l m r portions of the trees. Relation t o host: The m i t e is found i n and pre-
Discussion: When f i r s t forlned these galls, which sumably causes the magenta-colored erineum on
are r a t h e r large considering the s i z e of t h e t h e t i p s of the leaves of i t s host. Ihis
mite, are nearly empty, with only t h e s t e m - erineum is canposed of hollow capitate h a i r s ,
mother present. As the season advances the containing magenta-colored fluid.
galls become f i l l e d with reddish mites u n t i l Discussion: White erineum on the leaves of big-
they are t i g h t l y packed in. Hassan, 1928, l e a f maple, Acer acrcrophyllun, proves to have
treated t h i s species under t h e name tristriatus the same canplex of mites as t h i s magenta
Nal. Aceria tristriatus is an European species erineum, although t h e p r e c i s e relationships
which is s a i d t o have an elongate tarsus. Our have not been determined. (Two other m i t e s
California form does not have such a s t r u c t u r e . found i n t h i s magenta erineum a r e l i s t e d under
In addition, the European m i t e should be ex- the names Vasates glabri and V. paraglabri.)
amined f o r t h e presence or absence of elongate E h k s i n 1907 gave t h e catalog name ryderi t o a
g e n i t a l tubercles. m i t e which was the s u b j e c t of a s h o r t article
i n 1879 by J. A. Ryder. This nilme w a s then the
California records : one a v a i l a b l e for maple erineum mites i n North
A W D A CO.: Pleasanton, VI-29-1949 America and Essig (1926) used it f o r white
mEShl0 m. : Fresno, N-20-1940 erineum mites on California maple. Leonard
KINGS CO.: Hanfard, V-9-1938 (1928) uses t h i s name for maple m i t e s i n New
UXS ANGELES CO. : San D ~ S X-13-1938
, York S t a t e . Hmever, Hodgkiss (1930) a f t e r a
(V. E. Williams) c a r e f u l study of New York maple mites concludes
NEVADA CO. : Nevada c i t y , VII-26-1940 (HHK) that there is no way t o apply the name. The
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, XII-19-1938 ("K) w r i t e r , on examining Ryder's o r i g i n a l a r t i c l e
ShN BMIm CO. : Panoche Valley, V-15-1947 finds t h a t while Ryder s t a t e s the m i t e he saw
SAN DIEGD CO. : La &sa VI-25-1942 (Tclwer)
-J
t o be a Fhytoptus, he has omitted any mention
SANTA CWUU CO. : San Jose, VI-6-1942 of a l o c a l i t y , or the color of the erineum in-
(A. T. McClay) habited by t h e mites, or the precise species of
SHASTA CO. : Redding, VII-8-1946 maple infested. 'he conclusion here presented
S O W 0 0.: Rio Vista, VI-24-1941 is t h a t t h e name ryderi is useless.
VENlURA CO.: Wheeler Ginyon, h t a Paula,
X-4-1939 (C. Garmaon) Celif ornia records:
YOLO CO. : Woodland, VII-27-1939 EL DORADO CO. : Fallen Leaf Lake, E-13-1951
(J. B. Steinweden) ("K 1

Aceria cactorum (K.)(9-2) Aceria calibaccbaris (K.)(9-40)

P l a t e 9-2 P l a t e 9-40

Eriophyes cactorur Keifer, BIJ# V. 27, p. 185, Eriophyes calibaccharis Keifer, BCDA V. 28, p.
1938 331, 1939
Type l o c a l i t y : Santa Paula Type l o c a l i t y : Stanford Campus
Type host: *ita sp. (occidentalis Engelm.?), Type host: Baccharis pilularis DC., chaparral
cactus broom
Relation t o host: The mites a r e most e a s i l y found Relation t o host: 'Ihe m i t e s occur along l a t e r a l
i n developing flowers. They a l s o occur around buds on the s t e m below the terminal area w h e r e
new pads. there is too much v i s c i d i t y .
26 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

California record: (E. 0. Essig)

SANTA CLARA CO. : Palo Alto, IV-15-1939 (HHK) ORANGE CO.: S n t a Ana, x-20-1941
(W. W. Cadwallader)

Aceria caliberberis K. (9-25.1)

P l a t e 9-25.1

Aceria caliberberis Keifer, BCDA V. 41, p. 66,

(S. V. Weimer +
SACRAMENTO C O . : scramento, XII-4-1947 (HHK)
DIEGO CO.: San D i e o 1-20-1944

MN LUIS OBIsPO co.: Santa Maria, 111-8-1945

(M. R. B e l l )
1952 SANTA BARBARA CO.: Santa k r b a r a , 1-13-1943
Type l o c a l i t y : Garnet Peak (J. B. Steinweden)
Type host: Berberis californica Jepsan, barberry SANTA CRUZ C O . : S n t a cruz, 1-25-1946
Relation t o host: Working from the upper leaf sur- (W. J. Cordua)
face the mites cause i r r e g u l a r longitudinal ViBTWIA CO. : S n t a Faula, 111-14-1946
sinuate folds, a n p h e r e from t h e edge t o the (J. L. S c h a l l )
midrib. The mites develop i n the fold.
Aceria ceaiiothi (K.) (9-26)
California record: P l a t e 9-26
SAN DIECO C O . : Garnet Feak, XI-22-1951
( C . E. Norland) Eriophyes ceanothi Keifer, BCDA V. 28, p. 330,
S I S K I Y o u C O . : Hornbrook, VII-7-1939 1939
(E. A. Breech) Type l o c a l i t y : Crater Lake, Oregon
Type host: Ceanothus uelutinus Dougl., Tobacco
brush
Aceria calilzcpiizi K. (9-48) Relation t o host: 'Ihe mites form small bead g a l l s
P l a t e 9-48 on the upper surface of the large leaves.

Aceria calilupini Keifer, m A V. 35, p. 39, 1946 California records:

Type l o c a l i t y : Table Mountain, Oroville EL DORAM) CO. : Fallen Leaf Lake, VII-28-1938
Type host: Lupinus albifrons Benth., w h i t e lupine. (HHK)
Relation t o host: 'Ihe mites are abundant i n PLACER CO.: b n n e r Lake, 1938, (Iris Savage)
h a i r s around the buds.
Aceria chrysopsis (K.) (9-23)
California record: F l a t e 9-23
BU'ITE CO. : h o v i l l e d i s t r i c t , VI-11-1944,
Eriophyes chrysopsis Keifer, BCDA V. 29, p. 26,
Aceria camelliae K. (9-1) 1940
P l a t e 9-1 Type l o c a l i t y : Putah Canyon, Winters d i s t r i c t
Type host: Chrysopsis oregana Gray
Aceria camelliae Keifer, Ea4 V. 34, p. 137, 1945 Helation t o host: The mites are found under the
Type l o c a l i t y : Santa Maria bases of the l e a f axils along the stem.
Type host: Camellia japonica L.
C m o n name: Camellia budmite California record:
Relation t o host: The mites inhabit the buds, es- YOLO CO. : Winters d i s t r i c t , Putah Canyon,
pecially the flower buds. In some cases the XI-7-1939 (HHK)
r e s u l t of the mites' a c t i v i t i e s may be flower
drop, although various v a r i e t i e s of c a m l l i a s Aceria diospyri K. (9-31)
may shav d i f f e r e n t s u s c e p t i b i l i t i e s . P l a t e 9-31
Discussion: 'Ihis species is of i n t e r e s t since it
combines 'appressed' g e n i t a l i a and the s h o r t - Aceria diospyt i Keifer, BCDA V . 33, p. 23, 1944
ened apodem with the presence of d o r s a l setae. Type l o c a l i t y . Garden Grove
Usually t h i s combination is characterized by Type host: Diospyros kaki L . , o r i e n t a l p e r s i m n
the absence of dorsal setae. Aceria camelliae Comnon name; Persimnon budmite
a l s o lacks the f o r e t i b i a l seta. Relation t o host: The mites l i v e under the f r u i t
buttons and i n the buds. ?heir a c t i v i t y causes
California records: browning under the buttons and perhaps f r u i t
ALAMEDA CO.: Berkeley, IV-12-1941 drop .
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 27

California records: unusual s t r u c t u r e , namely produced g e n i t a l tu-

bercles. Typical t r i s t r i a t u s should be inves-
LOS ANGELES CO. : h e y . M-19-1944 tigated f o r t h i s character. he other Califor-
( V E. William) nia mite w i t h produced g e n i t a l tubercles was
ORANGE CO. : Garden Grove, X-13-1943 found too late for inclusion here. See hl.
(E. A. Ihdley; San Juan Capistrano, Cal. I k p t . Agr. V. 51, p. 148, 1952.
X-8-1943 (Bmgardner)
California records:
ALAMEDA CO. : Newark, X-26-1943 ( h e r s )
Aceria drucuizculi (K.) (9-16) CO.: Chico, VI-2-1934 (E. E. Fix)
P l a t e 9-16 GLENN CO. : Hillaws, IX-19-1942
(P. V. Harrigan)
Eriophyes dracunculi Keifer, BCDA V. 28. p. 333, LOS ANGELES CO.: Whittier, V-19-1938
1939 (V. E. Williams)
Type l o c a l i t y : Big Bear Lake d i s t r i c t MERCED CO. : Los E n o s , XI-4-1946
Type host: Artemisia dracunculus L. (R. H. Milbourn)
Relation t o host: The mites produce a mass of buds RIVERSIDE CO.: Hemet, VI-25-1942
and deformed leaves on the stems. (S. F. Bailey)
SACFWENTO CO.: Sacramento, V-5-1934
California record: (G. L. Stout)
S4N 8 A R D X N O CO.: Big b a r Lake d i s t r i c t , SPN JOAQUIN CO.: - m i , VIII-8-1941
X-12-1938 (HHK) (P. F. Wright)
SANTA BARBARA CO. : Goleta, V-2-1947
SOLAN0 CD. : Vallejo, V-11-1941
Aceria enceliae (K.) (9-14) (Edna W. Gaskill)
P l a t e 9-14 YUBA CO.: Hallwood, N-8-1933, (H. K. Plank)
Eriophyes enceliae Ueifer, BCDA V. 28, p. 226, Aceria eriobotryue (K.) (9-30)
1939 P l a t e 9-30
Type l o c a l i t y : Santa Paula
Type host: Encelia californica Nutt. Eriophyes eriobotryae Keifer, BlJlA V . 27, p. 188
Relation t o host: Ihe mites l i v e among the h a i r s 1938
around the buds. Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
Type host: Eriobotrya japonica Lindl., loquat
Ca 1i f ornia records : Relation t o host: Ihe mites l i v e among the hairs
RXVERSIDE CO. : Riverside, 111-3-19Q around t h e buds.
(E. A. McGregor)
VENIURA CO.: Santa Paula, X-31-1938 California record:
(K. E. Mexwell) S A W N K J CO. : Sacramento, XII-15-1937 (WK)
Aceria erineus (Nal.) (9-3)
-
P l a t e 9-3
Aceria eriodictyonis K. (9-24.1)
Phytoptus t r i s t r i a t u s erineus Nalepa, Anz. Akad. P l a t e 9-24.1
Wiss. math-nat. Wien, V. 28, p. 162, 1891
Type locality: Austria? Aceria eriodictyonis Keifer, m A V. 41, p. 67,
Type host: Juglans regia L., Persian or English 1952
walnut Type l o c a l i t y : Castaic
Conrnan name: Walnut b l i s t e r m i t e (approved) Type host: Eriodictyon crassifoliurn Benth., Thick-
Relation t o host: The m i t e s produce r a t h e r large l e a f Yerba Santa
f e l t y masses of t h i c k hair on the under s i d e s Relation t o host: ?he mites occur a n g the h a i r s
of the leaves, these masses v i s i b l e above a s an t h e small leaves emerging from the bud.
convex areas. Numerous m i t e s develop i n t h i s Ihese h a i r s are quite s t i c k y and it is remark-
hair, or erineum. Ihe mites werwinter in the able t h a t a creature so f r a i l a s an Eriophyid
buds. could e x i s t i n this h a b i t a t . Perhaps the body
Discussion: Several Juglandaceous mites, of which spinules help the mite t o keep free from the
erineus is one of t w o i n C a l i f o r n i a , have an n a t u r a l adhesive present.
28 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Discussion: The a c t u a l range of t h i s mite i n Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento

Southern C a l i f o r n i a remains t o be determined. Type host: Feijoa seZlowiana, f e i j o a
'The. writer spent s e v e r a l days (October 1951) Comnon name: Feijoa budmite
examining Eriodictyons from San Diego County, Relation t o host: The mites l i v e i n the h a i r s
north t o the type l o c a l i t y , but was not aware around the buds. Some f i e j o a s show f a s c i a t i o n ,
of the precise location of the mites on t h e i r but t h i s m i t e has not been implicated with t h i s
host u n t i l the very l a s t and northernmost lo- d i f f i c u l t y . On the type shrub i n Sacramento no
c a l i t y v i s i t e d . In 1939 the writer noted a injury has occurred since the discovery of the
s i n g l e specimen of t h i s m i t e on the underside mite on it.
of a mature crassifoliun l e a f i n the Pasadena
d i s t r i c t . The e x t r a long spinules on the body C a l i f o r n i a records:
are perhaps the most d i s t i n c t i v e f e a t u r e of the LOS ANGELES CO.: Huntington Park, 1-23-1940
mite. (M. B. Sheldon)
CRANGE CO. : S n t a Ana, VIII-13-1943 (Walden)
California record: RIVERSIDE CO. : Riverside, 111-12-1943
LOS ANGELES CO.: Castaic, X-4-1951 (A. M. Ebyce)
(L. E. Myers and H.H.K.); Pasadena SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, VIII-2- 1939 (HHK)
d i s t r i c t , M-1939 (HHK) SAN DIEGO CO. : a u l a V i s t a , X-16-1939
(W. Binney)

Aceria essigi (Hassan) (9-10)

P l a t e 9-10 Aceria ficus (Cotte) (9-27)
Eriophyes essigi Hassan, UC Publ. i n ht. V. 4, Eriophyes ficus Cotte, wI1. SOC. Path. Veget.
p. 380, 1928 v. 7 , p. 26, 1920
Type l o c a l i t y : Berkeley Eriophyes fici Essig and Smith, BOA V . 11, p. 63,
Type host: Rubus thyrsanthus Focke, Himalaya 1922
blackberry Type l o c a l i t y : France
Additional host: Rubus s p . , Mamnoth blackberry Type host: Ficus s p . , black ( ? ) f i g
Comnon name: Redberry mite (approved) Comnon name: Fig mite (approved)
Relation t o host: The m i t e s l i v e i n the buds and Relation t o host: The m i t e s a r e usually found un-
i n the f r u i t s . In the l a t t e r location t h e i r der the s c a l e s a t the f r u i t opening. They a l s o
feeding a c t i v i t i e s delay the ripening of p a r t i n f e s t t h e buds and a t times a r e numerous
or a l l of the d r u p e l e t s , providing a habitation enough t o damage small t r e e s . E.$. Baker f i r s t
f o r the mites. This is the "redberry" e f f e c t . proposed t h e above synonymy.
Discussion: I n BcDA V: 30, p. 205, 1941, the California records:
writer characterized t h i s species a s lacking FRESNO CO.: Fresno, XI-1947
the f o r e t i b i a l s e t a and a s having c r e s c e n t i c MERCED 03.: G a r Creek Ranch, VIII-31-1944
scoring on the g e n i t a l coverflap. Recently a (E. M. S t a f f o r d )
mite has appeared a s a p e s t on Boysenberry t h a t SAN BERNAFOINO 0.: Colton, X-1949 (HHK)
has longitudinal scoring on the coverflap, but SAN JOAQUIN CO.: Stockton, X-25-1943
is otherwise s i m i l a r t o essigi. 'Ihis second (Anderson )
species is l i s t e d as Aceria orthonera. Our rec- SANTA CLARA CO.: san Jose, VII-11-1941
ords of essigi a r e therefore somewhat confused (L. R. Cody)
a t the present.
-
WLARE CO.: & i s i , 111-14-1934 (Butler)
California records:
ALAMEDA CO. : Berkeley, VII-10-1940 (HHK) Aceria fraxitzivorzts (Nal.) (9-19)
BUITE CO. : Paradise, VII-2-1940 (HHK)
LOS ANGELES CO. : West b s h g e l e s , M-27-1946 Eriophyes fraxiniuorus Nal. Anz. Akad. Wiss. math-
PLACER M . : Auburn, VII-2-1941 ( a d e l Wilson) n a t . Wien, V. 46, p. 117, 1909
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, VIII-9- 1951 (HHK) Eriophyes fraxiniflora F e l t , Mem. 8 , N. Y. S t a t e
Mus. V. 2. p- 633, 1906 (07?)
Aceria feijoae (K.) (9-32) Eriophyes fraxini (Karp.) Nal., Das T i e r r e i c h , 4th
P l a t e 9-32 I s s u e , Acarina, p. 33, 1898
Eriophyes feijoae K e i f e r , ECDA V . 28, p. 484, 1935, Type l o c a l i t y : Austria
* E D A V.28, p 266, 1939
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 29

Type host: Fraxinus excelsior L. ash the leaf bases on the lower p a r t of the sea-
California host: Fraxinus oregona N u t t . , Oregon son's current growth.
ash
Comnon name: Ash g a l l mite California record:
Helation t o host: The mites cause the formation of LC6 ANGELES CO.: Harbor city, IV-6-1939
rough hanging b a l l s i n the f r u i t i n g bodies. (L. E. Myers)
Nalepa's term for these is 'klunkern.' The spe-
cies evidently ranges around the northern
hemisphere. Aceria heterothecae ( K . ) (9-24)
Discussion: The only tree t h a t the writer has seen P l a t e 9-24
infested i n California was a tree in Capitol
Park, labelled Fraxinus oregona, which has re- Eriophyes heterothecae Keifer, BcDA V. 28, p.
cently been removed. The above indicated synon- 330, 1939
ymy probably does not e n t i r e l y settle t h e ques- Type l o c a l i t y : E l Monte
tion, as fraxini and f r a x i n i f l o r a are essen- Type host: Heterotheca grandiflora Nutt.,
t i a l l y nude narnes. Ferhaps Nalepa validated telegraph weed
fraxini i n h i s 1898 publicaticm. Relation to host: The m i t e s inhabit t h e l e a f
bases and t h e surface h a i r s cm leaves and
California record: stems.
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, x-3-1944 (HHK)
California record:
LOS ANGELES CO. : E l h n t e , IV-25-1939
Aceria granati ( C . & M.) (9-20) (V. E. Williams)
P l a t e 9-20

Phytoptus granati Canestrini and Massalongo, A t t i Aceria langei (K.)(9-35)

Soc. Veneto-Trent. ser. 2 , V. 1, p. 465, 1894 P l a t e 9-35
Type l o c a l i t y : I t a l y
Type host: Punica granatum L., pomegranate Eriophyes langei Keifer, BCDA V. 28, p. 417,
Comnon name: Pomegranate l e a f r o l l m i t e 1939.
Relation t o host: The m i t e r o l l s the leaves i n Type l o c a l i t y : Half Moon Bay
t i g h t r o l l s from the edges. The leaves on a Type host: Eriophyllwn staechadifolium Lag.
whole shoot may be so badly damaged a s t o f a i l Relation t o host: 'Ihe mites inhabit t h e leaf a x i l s
t o expand, producing a l e a f l e s s appearance on and the h a i r s cn the leaves d stems.
the twig. Discussion: This species might nearly a s well be
placed i n the next genus, Paraphytoptus, and
California records: perhaps f u r t h e r study w i l l indicate the advis-
ALAMmA CO.: Niles, X-9-1941 (M. R. B e l l ) a b i l i t y of doing t h a t .
CONlRA COSTA CO. : h n v i l l e , VIII-16-1946
US ANGELES CO. : U. C. L. A. Cams , X-24- California record:
1938 (R. ff. Smith) SAN MA'IEO GO. : Half Moon b y , V-15-1939
.%mMMTO CO. : North Sacramento, IV-22-1941 (w. H. Law)
(J. B. Steinweden)
TMAMA 0.: Fkd Bluff , VII-9-1946 Aceria Zarreue (K.) (9-47)
P l a t e 9-47

Aceria haplopappi (K.) (9-42) Eriophyes larreac Keifer, BCDA V . 29, p. 26, 1940
P l a t e 9-42 Type l o c a l i t y : Whitewater
Type host: Larrea tridentata glutinosa Rydb.,
Eriophyes haplopappi Keifer, BCDA v. 28, p. 331, Creosote bush
1939 Relation t o host: "he mites l i v e under t h e bruwn
Type l o c a l i t y : Harbor City scales a t the petiole bases.
Type host: Haplopappus venetus f l I H ( . , an Aster- Discussion: This plant is extreraely viscid and it
aceous Composite is remarkable t h a t it could harbor an Eriophyid
Relation t o host: The mites inhabit the a r e a on The mites have picked about the m l y non-sticky
the p l a n t of l e a s t v i c i d i t y and can be found i n place on new growth in which t o e x i s t .
30 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Ca1i f ornia record: Discussion: The r e l a t i o n t h i s m i t e bears t o the

RIVERSIDE CO.: Whitewater, M-16-1939 (HHK) Aceria ilicis complex i n Europe has not been
determined, but it is undoubtedly a close
relative.
Aceria lepidosparti K. (9-29)
P l a t e 9-29 California records:
ALAMEDA CO. : Piedmont, VIII-26- 1943
Aceria lepidosparti Keifer, v . 40, p. 95, (G. B. L i n g )
1951 AMADOR CO. : S i l v e r Lake, M-14-1941
Type l o c a l i t y : Devore d i s t r i c t (D. B. Mackie)
Type host: Lepidospartur squamatur Gray apITE co.: Oroville, V-20-1950 (F. R. P l a t e )

Relation t o host: 'Ihe mites produce bud clusters C(1NIRA COSTA CO. : Martinez, V-17-1940
on the stems, s t u n t i n g the graarth a t that (V. G. Stevens)
point. b l i n e a . 11-6-1949
FRESiO CO. : V'
LOS ANGELES CO. ! bs h g e l e s , E-10-1938
California records: (R. H. Smith)
LOS ANGELES CO.: Val Verde, X-4-1951 SACRAMMXI CO.: Sacramento, VI-10-1938 (HHK)
(L. E. Myers & "K) TULARE CO.: V i s a l i a , VIII-1939 (F. T. S c o t t )
SAN BERNARDINO CO.: h v o r e d i s t r i c t , VI-28-
1946 (J. B. Steinweden & HHK)
Aceria magitoliae (K.) (9-44)
P l a t e 9-44
Aceria ligustri (K.) (9-17) Eriophyes magnoliae Keifer, BCDA V. 28, p. 335,
P l a t e 9-17 1939
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
Eriophyes Zigustri Keifer, BUM V. 32, p. 213, Type host: Magnolia fraseri Walt., a park tree
1943 Relation t o hast: The mites inhabit the buds and
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento may be found i n the h a i r around the flwier
Type host: Ligustrum oualifolium Hassk., p r i v e t buds.
Gnmnan name: P r i v e t bud m i t e Discussion: The native home of t h i s mite is pre-
Relation to host: The m i t e s inhabit the buds. sumably the native home of its host. A t t h i s
w r i t i n g the trees a r e still standing.
California record:
SACRAMWTO CO. : Sacramento, wI-1943 (HHK) GIl i f o r n i a record:
SACRAMB(TO CO. : %cramento, I I I - 2 - 1939 (HHK)

Aceria mackiei ( K . ) (9-4)

Acerilr medicaginis (K.) (9-34)
P l a t e 9-4
P l a t e 9-34
Eriophyes mackiei Keifer, BCDA V. 27, p. 302, 1938 Eriophyes medicaginis Keifer, BCDA V. 30, p. 206,
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento 1941
Type host: Quercus agrifolia Nee., Coast liveoak, Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
a park tree Type host: Medicago sativa L., a l f a l f a
Additional hosts: Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. Maul Comnon name: A l f a l f a bud mite
oak; Quercus wislizenii A. LK., i n t e r i o r l i v e - Relation t o host: The m i t e s inhabit t h e leaf a x i l s .
oak; Quercus vaccinifol ia Engelm. , huckleberry No damge has been observed on a l f a l f a i n Cal-
oak; probably others. i f o r n i a , but elsewhere these mites have been
Cannon name: Coast liveoak erineum mite suspected of causing a peculiar flower
Relation t o host: The mites form erineum pockets deformation.
on the undersides of the leaves t h a t bulge out
onto t h e upper surface. These pockets a r e usu- California records:
a l l y only on leaves on the lower shady s i d e of LASSEN CO. : Honey Lake, X-10-1945
the tree. Badly infested leaves a r e sanewhat (L. F. Wheeler)
deformed. The mites overwinter i n these erineum LC6 ANGELES CO. : h h g e l e s , X-14-1943
pockets, a t l e a s t on l i v e &k, although they (V. E. W i l l i a m )
m y be found i n the buds. SACRAMENXI CO. : Sacramento, 11-20-1940 (HHK)
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 31

Aceria mori (K.) (9-33) Type l o c a l i t y : Jensen, Utah

P l a t e 9-33 Type host: Populus sp.
Additional hosts: Populus freaontii Wats., cotton-
Eriophyes m r i Keifer, BcDA v. 28, p. 485, 1939 wood; Populus tremloides Michx., aspen.
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento, VIII- 14-1939 (HHK) Relation t o host: The mites form large pendant
Type host: Morus sp. a white m l b e r r y with mod-
~ catkin g a l l s . l b s e a r e deformations of the
e r a t e l y small leaves male c a t k i n s a f t e r the pollen is liberated. A s
Relation t o host: The mites inhabit the buds and observed a t Sacramento, the g a l l c o n s i s t s of
p e t i o l e bases. I k f o r e d f r u i t from Ckoville may masses of twisted fasciated outgrclwths from
be due t o the work of t h i s mite. each anther base. Some of these growths re-
semble deformed leaves. The mites l i v e i n the
California records: curled edges of these deformations.
BUTIE 0.: o r o v i l l e , V-7-1939 Discussion: The galls of the type series a r e con-
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, VIII-14-1939 (HHK) siderably d i f f e r e n t from those i n the Sacra-
mento Valley, but a r e s t i l l catkin m d i f i c a -
tions. h l y male cottonwood t r e e s harbor the
Aceria zzeoartemisiae (K.)(9-15) mite. This species of Aceria is probably
P l a t e 9-15 s i m i l a r t o the European uarius (Nal.)
Eriophyes neoartemisiae Keifer, B(31A V. 27, p. California record:
302, 1938 SACRAMENTO CO.: Sacramento, VI-8-1943 (HHK)
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
Type host: Artemisia heterophylla Nutt., worm-
wood Aceria neosalviae (K.) (9-18)
Relation t o host: The mites l i v e i n the h a i r s on
the underside of the leaves and on t h e stew. Plate 9-18
They do not appear t o cause any d e f i n i t e
damage. Eriophyes neosalviae Keifer, ECDA v. 27, p. 187, 1938
Type l o c a l i t y ; Santa Paula
California records: Type host: Salvia leucophylla Greene, purple sage
u3s ANGELES CO.: Big Tajunga Canyon, X-4-1951 Relation t o host: 'Ihe mites l i v e between the
("K) p e t i o l e bases and t h e stems.
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, VI-20-1938 ("K)
California record:
Aceria neocynarae (K.) (9-43) VENTURA CO. : santa Paula, VTI-28-1937 (HHK)
P l a t e 9-43

Eriophyes neocynarae Keifer, BU)A V. 28, p. 334, Aceria orthornera K. (9-11)

1939
Aceria orthoaera Keifer, BCDA V. 40. p. 94. 1951
Type l o c a l i t y : Collgt
Type host: Cynara s c o l y w L., artichoke (in a ~ y p el o c a l i t y : Sacramnto *
Type host: Rubus uitifolius c&s., n a t i v e black-
plantation)
Common name: Artichoke l e a f - h a i r mite berry or dewberry
Relation t o host: The m i t e s l i v e on the underside Additional host: Rubus sp., Boysenberry
of the leaves i n the hairs. Cuunon name: Boysenberry budmite
Discussion: The large t h i r d v e n t r a l s e t a is most Relation t o host: The m i t e s inhabit the buds along
UnUSUal.
the shoots of native blackberry. This host has
not been examined for damage. Hwever, on boy-
California records: senberry the mite has called a t t e n t i o n t o i t -
SAN MATE0 CO.: *, 11-E-1939 (HHK) s e l f by s t u n t i n g the shoots. It causes the
SANTA ( 3 ~ u zCO. : IBvenport , V- 19- 1939 grcnvth of warty patches on the inside of the
(W. H. Lange) bud s c a l e s , and i f the bud has been e n t i r e l y
penetrated by the m i t e the s c a l e s and t i s s u e
become r i g i d and somwhat twisted. This bud
Aceria neoessigi (K.) (9-45) condition is in e f f e c t the formation of a g a l l .
P l a t e 9-45 The m i t e a l s o causes warty outgrowths a t the
Eriophyes ncocssigi Keifer, Bcw V. 2 9 , p. 22,1940 bases of drupelets i n t h e berries.
32 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Discussion: Aceria orthorera and essigi are sep- co.:

Costa Mesa, 111-21-1952
arable from nearly a l l other m i t e s i n t h i s (D. H.Byers)
genus i n C a l i f o r n i a by lacking the f o r e t i b i a l SANTA BARBARA a>.: Goleta, 11-25-1952
seta. (R. J. Reid)
California records:
ALAMEW CO.: Albany, VIII-8-1951 (HHK) Aceria paramackiei (K.)(9-5)
FRESNO CO. : Fresno d i s t r i c t , N-19-1951 P l a t e 9-5
(R. A. Break)
CRANGE CO. : Costa Mesa, VII-14-1944 Eriophyes paranackiei Keifer, BCDA V. 30, p. 204,
(P. H. Andres) 1941
UCw CO. : Lincoln, 111-1-1940 Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
6.Lockwood) Type host: Q e r c u s agrifolio Nee, Coast liveoak
SA(RAMMTO CO. : Sacramento, VII-16-1951 (HHK) Relation t o host: The mites cause the formation
SANTA BARBARA CO.: Santa Barbara, VIII-4-1942 of bud clusters. The a c t i v i t y of the mite in-
creases and wanes over a period of years.
Discussion: The type host is a park tree which is
Aceria parucdifornica (K.)(9-13) still standing. A t the time the species was
P l a t e 9-13 described t h e tree had many l i v i n g bud clus-
ters. Since then but f e w have p e r s i s t e d , the
Eriophyes paracalifornicus Keifer, BcDA V. 28, old ones having died and dropped o f f .
p. 332, 1939
Type locality: Berkeley California records:
Type host: Artemisia californica Less. , C a l i f o r n i a ORAN= CO.: &, X-16-1941 (P. A. Miller)
sagebrush SA(IIAMENT0 CO. : Sacramento, 111-4-1941 ("K)
Relation t o host: The m i t e s y d u c e wooly erineum
i n swollen pockets i n the alender leaves. Aceria parapoptlli ( K . ) (9-12)
P l a t e 9-12
California records:
ALAMEDA CO. : Berkeley, V-3-1939 (HHK) Eriophyes parapopuli Keifer, BCDA V. 29, p. 22,
LOS MGELES C D . : westwood, N-16-1939 1940
(N. S t a h l e r ) Type l o c a l i t y : Ennis, Montana
Type host: Populus s p . , kntnvn a s Canadian poplar
Comnon name: Poplar bud-gall m i t e
Aceria paradianthi K. (945.1) Helation t o host: The mite causes woody galls t o
P l a t e 9-45.1 develope around the buds, s t u n t i n g growth.
Discussion: I n Montana w h e r e the grcming season is
Aceria paradianthi Keifer, Bcw V. 41, p. 65, s h o r t the a c t i o n of the m i t e is a d e t e r r e n t t o
1952 the growth of poplars. In California the spe-
Type l o c a l i t y : Goleta cies attacks Populus spp. on the e a s t s i d e of
Type host: Dianthus s p . , carnation the Sierra Nevada mountains, but has not proven
Relation t o host: The m i t e s l i v e between the leaf to be serious.
bases and stern, causing some basal sprouting,
stunting, and y e l l w i n g . The o v e r a l l damage is California records:
evidently not very serious. AIPINE C D . : Markleeville d i s t r i c t , M-9-1945
California records: ("K )
FRESVO CO. : A hi& mountain l o c a l i t y , VI-15-
Lo6 ANGELES CO. : Burbank, 111-25-1952
(L. E. Myers) 1950*(on aspen)
KERN C O . : Keene, X-17-1950 (C. S. Morley)
San Fernando, 111-18-1952
(R. M. Hawthorne) LOS ANGEUS CO. : Lancaster, VIII-18-1942
MODOC CO. : Adin, 11-21-1941
S n Gabriel, 111-20-1952 _I_

(V. Daniels)
S i e r r a Madre, 111-24-1952 Aceria pezicedani (Can.) (9-21)
(V. Daniels) P l a t e 9-21
Van Nuys , 111-24-1952
(L. E. Myers) Phytoptus peucedani Canestrini, A t t i SOC. Veneto-
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 33

Trent. V. 12, p. 378, 1891 Type l o c a l i t y : Puente

Type l o c a l i t y : I t a l y Type host: Ericameria pinifolia Gray
Type host: Peucedanum venetum Koch (Artemisia californica c i t e d i n error)
Comnon name: Carrot bud m i t e Relation t o host: The m i t e s lurk around the later-
Helation t o host: What is presumably t h i s species a l buds or i n the outer layers of terminal
a t t a c k s carrots i n California causing d i s c o l - Cecidomyid galls.
oration of the flower heads and possibly some
injury t o the developing seeds. In Europe t h i s California records:
m i t e is credited with l i v i n g on a number of La6 ANGELES C O . : Puente, XII-14-1937
Umbelliferous hosts. (L. E. Myers)
RIVERSIDE CO. : P e r r i s , VI-28-1946 (HHK)
California record: SAN FAANCISCO CO.: San Francisco, IX-11-1951
SOLAN0 CO. : Rio Vista, VII-26-1944 (Byers) (HHK)

Aceria sheldoni (Ewing) (9-28)

P l a t e 9-28 Aceria stinsonis (K.) (9-25)
P l a t e 9-25
Eriophyes sheldoni Ewing, Proc. Ent. SOC.Wash,
V. 29, p. 193, 1937 Eriophyes stinsonis Keifer, V. 28, p. 485,
Type l o c a l i t y : Santa Paula 1939
Type host: Citrus limnia Osb., lemon Type l o c a l i t y : Stinson Beach
Additional host: Citrus sinensis Osb. , orange Type host: Cotyledon caespitosa Haw., stone crop
b n n o n name: C i t r u s bud m i t e (approved) Relation t o host: 'Ihe mites l i v e a t the leaf bases.
Relation t o host: ?his mite p a r t i a l l y damages
c i t r u s buds and causes deformation of leaves California record:
and f r u i t . W R I N CO. : Stinson Beach, VII-3-1939 (HHK)
Discussion: In C a l i f o r n i a it remains i n the citrus
areas along the coast of southern C a l i f o r n i a ,
never coming f a r inland and never invading the Aceria tulipae (K.)(9-49)
c i t r u s areas of t h e c e n t r a l valleys. California P l a t e 9-49
is apparently the only s e c t i o n i n the United
S t a t e s where the m i t e occurs. Elsewhere it in- Eriophyes tulipae Keifer, BCDA V. 27, p. 185, 1938
f e s t s citrus i n t h e Hawaiian Islands, Java, Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
probably Australia, South Africa and S i c i l y . Type host: Tulipa sp.
Additional hosts: Alliun cepa L., onion: Allium
California records: sativa L., g a r l i c
ul6 ANaUS CO. : Whittier, XI-19-1937 Gmron name: Dry-bulb m i t e
(L. E. Myers): San Fernando, VII-23-1941 Helation t o host: This m i t e i n f e s t s c e r t a i n
ORANGE CO. : k t a k s a , XI-19-1937 liliaceous bulbs, l i v i n g between the layers.
(J. R. La F o l l e t t e ) The principal damage it does is t o induce dry-
RIVERSIDE CO. : Fresno canyon, 1-29-1942
ing. In t h i s manner it r u i n s stored garlic and
(R. T. Lewis) onions.
SAN EFNARDINO CO.: Ontario. VII-10-1946 Discussion: The m i t e has a wide range, being found
SAN D I E m CO.: Escondido, M-4-1937 i n North Anerica and Europe. It is most often
(Brunton) ; a u l a Vista, M-27-1941 taken i n garlic inported fr& b x i c o . Further
(H. C r e l l ) study of t h i s i n t e r e s t i n g mite my show other
SANTA BARBARA CO. : Goleta, X-18-1937 hosts. For example, it has been taken wer-
(W. S. k i n g s ) running f a x t a i l , although the m i t e s i n t h i s
v m w CO.: Bardsdale, XI-2-1937 case were apparently looking f o r transporta-
(E. L. Smith) t i o n , having come from some host a t that point.

Aceria spinulifera (K.) (9-41) California records:

P l a t e 9-41 SACRAMENTO CO.: Sacramento, X-4-1937
(W. b. Carter)
Eriophyes spinulifera Keifer, B(J# V. 27, p. 187, SANTA CLARA CO. : Gilroy, VIII-17-1948
1938
34 BULLETIN OF T H E CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Aceria waltheri (K.) (9-6) Paraphytoptus arceuthobii K. (10-1.1)

P l a t e 9-6 P l a t e 10-1.1

Eriophyes waltheri Keifer, V. 28, p. 417, Paraphytoptus arceuthobii K e i f e r , V. 41, p.

1939 68, 1952
Type l o c a l i t y : San Francisco Type l o c a l i t y : Fallen Leaf Lake
Type host: Nothofagus menziesii, Nothofagus Type host: Arceuthobium campylopodiun Engelm., pine
Helation t o host: The mites cause a witches broom tree mistletoe
t o develop on terminal twigs, the individuals Helation t o host: The mites l i v e i n the cups under
l i v i n g under the bud s c a l e s . the staminate flowers. No damage t o t h e host is
Discussion: This m i t e is one of the four kinds i n apparent.
California lacking the f o r e t i b i a l s e t a . It un- Discussion: I n t h e case of the type l o c a l i t y , the
doubtedly came t o the w e s t Coast from t h e na- host was growing on J e f f r e y pine. A t M t . Diablo
t i v e home of its host, New Zealand. It is ( l i s t e d below) the host grows on digger pine.
nevertheless c l o s e l y r e l a t e d t o such oak spe- This m i t e functions a s a bud mite, the host
c i e s a s mackiei and paramackiei which a r e na- l a cking h a i r s .
t i v e t o California.
C a l i f o r n i a records:
Ca 1i f orn i a record : EL WRADO CO.: Fallen Leaf Lake, M-13-1951
SAN FWNCISCO CO.: San Francisco, VI-13-1939 (HHK)
(E. Walther) CONTRA COSTA CO.: M t . Diablo, IX-20-1951 (HHK)

Paraphytoptrrs brickelliue K . (10-1)

Aceria wyethiae K. (9-39) P l a t e 10-1
P l a t e 9-39
Aceria wyethiae Keifer, B O A V. 40, p. 95-1951 Paraphytoptus brickelliae K e i f e r , BCDA V . 29, p.
Type l o c a l i t y : Fallen Leaf Lake 27, 1940
Type host: Kyethia sp. Type l o c a l i t y : Putah Csnyon, Winters d i s t r i c t
Relation t o host: The mites a r e vagrants among the Type host: Brickellia californica W . , a Composite
h a i r s on the under s i d e of the leaves. Helation t o host: The mites l i v e around the ter-
m i n a l buds and l a t e r around the seeds i n t h e
California record: heads.
EL DCRAW (33.: Fallen k a f Lake, M-13-1951 C a l i f o r n i a record:
YOLO CO.: Putah Canyon, Winters d i s t r i c t ,
XI-7-1939 (HHK)

Genus 10. Paraphytoptus Nalepa, 1876 Parapbytoptiis califortziczis (Hall) (10-6)

P l a t e 10-6
Anz. Akad. Hiss. math-nat. Wien, v. 33, p. 55,
1896 Eriophyes californicus Hall, Fomona J r . Eht. V. 2 ,
Type of genus: P. paradoxus Nal., Keifer B O A V . p. 280, 1910
27, p. 304, 1938 Paraphytoptus californicus (Hall) Keifer,
Discussion: I n the opinion of the writer, t h i s V. 28, p. 335, 1939
genus, i n s p i t e of t h e caudal resemblance t o Type l o c a l i t y : Pomona d i s t r i c t
Phyllocoptine mites, belongs very c l o s e t o Type host: Artemisia californica Less., C a l i f o r n i a
Aceria. The a n t e r i o r s e c t i o n s of the body a r e sagebrush
i d e n t i c a l i n both genera. Paraphytoptus species Relation t o host: The m i t e s l i v e among the surface
t y p i c a l l y have a semi-open surface l i f e among hairs on the leaves and stems.
plant hairs. This would seem t o account f o r the Discussion: H a l l s o r i g i n a l d e s c r i p t i o n is not
broader r e a r back p l a t e s , which would serve a s d i f i n i t i v e , but h i s f i g u r e suggests the genus
protection, while the a n t e r i o r end is buried i n Paraphytoptus by i t s o u t l i n e .
the h a i r s . However, arceuthobii is a t variance
with t h i s theory s i n c e it l i v e s a s a bud m i t e C a l i f o r n i a records:
on a h a i r l e s s host. The only species of Pa- LOS ANCELES CO. : Pomona d i s t r i c t , 1910
raphytoptus which is suspected of damaging its (H. V. M. Hall)
host is the chrysanthemum semi-bud mite. ALAMEOA CO.: Berkeley, V-3-1939 ( H B K )
 THE ERIOPHYID MlTES OF CALIFORNIA 35

Parapbytoptiis caliplucheae (K.) (10-8) Type l o c a l i t y : Santa Paula

P l a t e 10-8 Type host: Encelia californica Nutt.
Helation t o host: The mites l i v e among the h a i r s
Eriophyes caliplucheae Keifer, EKDA V . 29, p. 26. around the buds.
1940
Type l o c a l i t y : Castaic California records:
Type host: Pluchea sericea Nutt., Mock w i l l r n v RIVERSIDE CO. : Highgrove, 111-3-1942
Helation t o host: The mites l i v e among the heavy (E. A. McCiregor)
h a i r i n g around the terminals. VENN'IUM c O . : Santa Paula, X-31-1938
(K. E. Maxwell)
Ca 1i f ornia record:
LOS ANGELES CO. : Castaic, IX- 17-1939 (HHK)
Paraphytoptus rhamniphagus K . (10-2)
P l a t e 10-2
Parapbytoptzrs chrysa)ithemi K. (10-4)
P l a t e 10-4 Paraphytoptus rhamniphagus Keifer, B m V. 35,
p. $0, 1946
Paraphytoptus chrysanthemi Keifer, Bca4 V. 29, Type l o c a l i t y : C l a r k s v i l l e d i s t r i c t
p. 27, 1940 Type host: Rhamnus californicus torentella B&W
Type l o c a l i t y : Hanford Helation t o host: The mites l i v e i n the h a i r s
Type host: Chrysanthemum a r d t h e terminal buds.
Comaon name: Chrysanthenum semi-bud m i t e
Helation t o host: The mites l i v e among the h a i r s Ca 1i f ornia record:
on the leaves and stems. They a l s o l i v e around EL M)RAM) CO.: C l a r k s v i l l e d i s t r i c t , VIII-1-
the buds and under the sepals. I n t h e l a t t e r 1944 (HHlO
location they may cause flower damage. Plants
w i t h less h a i r discourage t h e developement of Parapbytoptus salviacritzis K. (10-5)
the mites. P l a t e 10-5
Ca 1i f o r n i a records: Paraphytoptus salviacrinis Keifer, B[LIA V. 28,
KINGS CO.: Hanford, l3-29-1939 (L. 0. h u p t ) p. 145, 1939
L(xs ANCELES CO. : Pacoima, X-6-1948
Type l o c a l i t y : Riverside
(L. E. Myers) Type host: Salvia apiana Jepson, White sage
ORANGE 0. : (!range, X-1-1951
Relation t o host: The mites inhabit the h a i r on the
(Byers and Keifer)
leaves and stems
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, X-8-1951 (HHK)

Ca 1i f orn i a record :
Paraphytoptus iizaequalis K. (10-7) RIVERSIDE CO. : Riverside, x- 11-1938 (HHK)
P l a t e 10-7

Paraphytoptus inaequalis Keifer, D A V. 27, p. Genus 11. Eriophyes von Siebold, 1850
304, 1938
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento, VI-20-1938 (HHK) Jahresber. Schles. Ges. V. 28, p. 89, 1850
Type host: Artenisia heterophyZZa Nutt., worm- Type of genus: Eriophyes uitis (Pgst.) Keifer.
wood EKT)A V. 27, p. 301, 1938
Helation t o host: The mites l i v e among t h e h a i r s Discussion: This genus d i f f e r s from Aceria by the
on the underside of the leaves and along t h e i n c l i n a t i o n of t h e dorsal tubercles which d i -
stems. r e c t s the dorsal s e t a e up and ahead, or c e n t r a l -
ly. These tubercles a r e usually set a l i t t l e
California records: ahead of the r e a r s h i e l d margin.
BW"E CO.: Honcut, VIII-3-1941 (HHK)
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacranrento, VI-20-1938 (HHK)
Eriophyes breechii K. (1 1-6)
Paraphytoptus mcgregori K. (10-3) P l a t e 11-6
P l a t e 10-3
Paraphytoptus mcgregori Keifer, BCDA V. 28, e- Eriophyes breechii Keifer, BCa9 V. 28, p. 416,
228, 1939 1939
36 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Type l o c a l i t y : Coleville C m n name; Euonymus budmite

Type host: Prunus andersoni Gray, d e s e r t peach Relation t o host: The mites a t t a c k the terminal
Relation t o host: The mites l i v e under the f r u i t buds, deforming and s t u n t i n g the leaves.
buttons and presumably i n the buds. The f a c t
t h a t the f r u i t s remain on the shrub f o r con- California record:
s i d e r a b l e periods helps the development of VENlURA CO.: Ventura, X-27-1937
the m i t e i n that location.

California record: Eriophyes emargiuatae K. (11-4)

MONO CO.: C o l e v i l l e , VI-13-1939 P l a t e 11-4
(E. A. Breech)
Eriophyes emarginatae K e i f e r , BCDA V. 28, p. 144,
1939
Eriophyes canestrinii (Nal.) (11-16) Type l o c a l i t y : Tragedy Springs d i s t r i c t
Type host: Prunus emarginata (Dougl. 1, b i t t e r
Phytoptus canestrinii Nalepa, Anz. Akad. Wiss. cherry
math-nat. Wien, V. 27, p. 212, 1890 Comnon nam: Bitter cherry gall m i t e
Type l o c a l i t y : Austria Relation t o host: The mites form f i n g e r - l i k e g a l l s
Type host: B u m s seupervirens L., bowood on the upper s u r f a c e s of t h e leaves with the
Comnan nam: Boxwood bud m i t e gall opening onto t h e lower surface.
Relation t o host: The mites l i v e under the bud Discussion: European mites which a r e probably
scales. The may cause l e a f deformation and c o r r e l a t e d with t h i s s p e c i e s a r e podi Nal., and
flower b l a s t i n g . sirnilis Nal. These d i f f e r from emarginatae i n
having d o r s a l s h i e l d l i n e s . Eriophyes padi
lacks accessory s e t a e , whereas emarginatae has
California records:
them.
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, 1-23-1952 (HHK)
SAN M A T E 0 CO. : Redwood C i t y , 111-16-1950
C a l i f o r n i a records:
(Edwards) AMADOR CO. : Tragedy Springs d i s t r i c t , M-18-
1938 (D. B. Mackie)
Eriophyes caricis K. (11-14) EL DORADO 03.: Fallen Leaf Lake, M-1-1947
(HHK)
P l a t e 11-14

Eriophyes caricis Keifer, BCDA V . 33, p. 22, 1944 Eriophyes heteromeles K. (11-10)
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento P l a t e 11-10
'Type host: Carex barbarae Dew., sedge
Helation t o host: The mites l i v e down i n t h e bases Eriophyes heteromeles Keifer, BCDA V 28, p. 226,
of the leaves which a r e wrappd around the s t e m 1939
and where the t i s s u e is turning fran yellou t o Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
green. Type host: Photinia arbutifolia Lindl., Toyon or
Discussion: h h i l e t h i s is the only North American Christmas berry
l o c a l i t y on record, Roivainen (1951) r e p o r t s it Relation to host: 'Ihe m i t e s l i v e around the ter--
from Sweden and Finland on Carex ericetorum L., minal buds
and C. panicea L. California record:
SACRAMMTO CO. : Sacramento. 1-24-1939 (HHK)
C a l i f o r n i a record:
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, E-19-1943 (HHK) Eriophyes ilicifoliae K. (11-8)
P l a t e 11-8

Eriophyes coizvolveizs (Nal.) (11-12) Eriophyes ilicifoliae Keifer, BCDA V. 30, p. 204,
P l a t e 11-12 1941
Type l o c a l i t y : Rockville
Cecidophyes convolvens Nalepa, Anz. Akad. Wiss. Type host: Prunus ilicifolia Walp., holly-leaf
math-nat, Wien, V. 26, p. 162, 1889 cherry
Type l o c a l i t y : Austria R e l a t i o n t o host: The m i t e s w e r e c o l l e c t e d i n a
Type host: Euonymus europa L. sparse population i n the terminal buds.
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 37

Discussion: A mite which produces g a l l s on the Eriophyes prunandersoni Keifer, FKlN V. 28, p . 416,
leaves of Chamise, Adenostoma fasciculatun 1939
H. & A., seems t o be indistinguishable from Type l o c a l i t y : Coleville
t h i s mite. "he cherry shrubs from which the Type host: Prunus andersoni Gray, d e s e r t peach
m i t e s cam grow i n the v i c i n i t y of a h i l l t o p of Relation t o host: "he mites cause a baggy depres-
chemise. This Adenostona -ins t o be inves- sion i n t h e leaves in which erineum develops.
tigated f o r the presence of l e a f galls. How-
ever, Adenostona growing across the Sacramento California record:
Valley near Shingle Springs i n E l Dorado MCNO CO. : Coleville, VI-13-1939 (E. A. Breech)
County, is heavily infested with the g a l l m i t e .
Mites from these Shingle Springs shrubs are
exceedingly s i m i l a r t o those from t h e holly- Eriophyes pyri (Pgst.) (11-7)
leaf cherry. It is possible t h a t t h i s cherry is P l a t e 11-7
but a casual host of the mite and t h a t Ade-
nostoma may be the primary host. Phytoptus (?) pyri Pagenstecher, Verh. Ver.
Heidelb. V. 1, p. 48, 1857
California record: Type l o c a l i t y : Germany
SOLANO CO. : Rockville, IX-17-1940 (HHK) Type host: Pyrus communis L., pear
Additional hosts: see discussion
Comnon name: Pear l e a f b l i s t e r mite (approved)
Eriophyes laevis (Nal.) (11-3) Relation t o host: "he mites typically form ' b l i s -
P l a t e 11-3 ters' i n t h e leaves. These b l i s t e r s open on
t h e under surface and consist of an area of
Phytoptus laevis Nalepa, Sb. Akad. Wiss. math-nat. dead and shrunken tissue. The mites feed on
Wien, V. 98, p. 132, 1889 the periphery of t h i s dead t i s s u e . The so-
Eriophyes Zaeuis (Nal.), Das T i e r r e i c h , 4th Issue: c a l l e d ' pear budmite' i s s t r u c t u r a l l y the same
Acarina, p. 7 , Berlin, 1898 a s the b l i s t e r mite, but does not make the b l i s -
Eriophyes rhombifoliae Hassan ( ? ) , UC h b l . in ters. These mites overwinter i n the terminal
Ent. V. 4, p. 381, 1928 buds and when numerous enough w i l l blacken and
Eriophyes narinalni Keifer, BCDA V.28, p. 223,1939 destroy t h e tender developing bud p a r t s i n t h e
Type l o c a l i t y : Austria spring.
Type host: A l m s glutinosa Gart. alder Discussion: Nalepa (see references) has given t h i s
California hosts: A l m s rubra Ebng., Alnus tenui- type of mite a series of v a r i e t a l names t o
folia N u t t . designate t h e host from which each 'variety'
Comnon name: Alder g a l l mite originated. The writer is leaving t h i s problem
Relation t o host: "he mites form bead galls on t o a l a t e r date f o r explanation and application
the leaves. This g a l l i n Europe o r i g i n a l l y re- to C a l i f o r n i a mites of t h e pyri canplex. Nalepa
ceived t h e name: Cephalaneon pustulatm Bremi records these m i t e s form Pomaceous trees and
Discussion: The Marin County form has ventral shrubs of the following genera: Anelanchier,
microtubercles more c o n s i s t e n t l y than the Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Cydonia, Sorbus, and
Sierran form. Otherwise the body r i n g s a r e Pyrus. Apple i n California a l s o has b l i s t e r
smooth. No attempt has been made t o c o r r e l a t e m i t e s hut, a s a r u l e , is not so badly attacked
these California mites with Nalepa' s v a r i e t i e s . as pear. Apple trees with leaf b l i s t e r s may be
Hassan' s characterization of "rhollbifoliae" sug- growing near pears t h a t have no b l i s t e r s , and
gests a species of Aceria; otherwise It rmght vice versa. The following C a l i f o r n i a records
be supposed t h a t he figured a second stage nymph are exemplary of range, r a t h e r than being ex-
of laevis. lhis species (laevis), with erar- haust ive.
ginatae, c o n s t i t u t e s a d i s t i n c t group i n t h e
genus. California records:
LAKE Co.: Big Valley, x-30-1941 (M. R. Bell)
California records: LASSEN 120. : Susanville, V-14-1936 (Taylor)
EL DCRADO CO. : Fallen Leaf Lake, IX- 13-1951 (HHK) L a S ANGELES CO.: b s Angeles, V-1934 (G. R.
MARIN 0. : Stinson Beach, VIII-13-1938 ("K) Gortcm)
NAPA 0. : *, 111-24-1931
Eriophyes prunandersoni K. (11-9) ORANGECO. : Rancho Santa Fe, 111-29-1939
P l a t e 11-9 ( C . E. Norland)
38 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

PLACER CO. : Auburn, x-

12- 1942 (F. Clark) of t h i s type i n the buds never have these
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, v-21-1946 gal Is, hwever .
SAN DIEGO Co. : J u l i a n , V-11-1935 (S. B. Osborn) Discussion: This mite does not a t t a c k American
SUmER CO.: Riego, X-26-1940 (HHK) lindens a s f a r as the writer knws. The
VEN'lURA CO. i Ojai, XI-22-1943 (R. Young) native American linden m i t e is Phytoptus
YUBA CO. : Mar-lle, 111-12-1930 (A. c.
Browne) abnorrnis Garman. It is a l l i e d t o P . avellanae,
even t o lacking the l a t e r a l f o r e t i b i a l spur.
Eriophyes savage; K. (11-5) As f a r as the writer k n w s abnormis has n o t
come t o C a l i f o r n i a .
P l a t e 11-5
C a l i f o r n i a records:
Eriophyes savagei Keifer, v . 28, p. 145,
ALAhEDA CD. : Berkeley, VIII-24-1932
1939
(E. 0. Essig); Oakland, VII-12-1950
Type l o c a l i t y : Maiden's Grave
(Sibray)
Type host: Prunus enarginata (Dougl. ), b i t t e r
SANTA CLARA CO : Palo Alto, 1944 (R. H.
cherry
Smith); San J o s e , X-20-1946 (T. J. Moniz)
Helation t o host: Ihe mites are i n q u i l i n e s i n
t h e g a l l s of Eriophyes emarginatae Eriophyes triradiutus (Nal.) (11-2)
P l a t e 11-2
California record:
EL DCRADO CO. : Maiden' s Grave, M-5-1938 Phytoptus triradiatus Nalepa, Anz. &ad. Wiss.
( I r i s Savage) math-nat. l i e n , V. 29, p. 128, 1892
Type l o c a l i t y : Austria
Type host: Salix alba L., willow
Eriophyes spirueue (Nal.) (11-15) California host: Salix hindsima Benth., sandbar
willow
Phytoptus spiraeae Nalepa, Anz. &ad. Wiss. math- k l a t i o n t o host: The mites l i v e i n t h e h a i r s
nat. K e n , V. 30, p. 105, 1893 around t h e terminal buds.
Type l o c a l i t y : Austria (?) Discussion: "he mite is evidently h o l a r c t i c in
Type host: Spiraea c r e n i f o l i a Meyer d i s t r i b u t i o n , having gained t h i s range by
California host: +Spiraea densiflora Nutt. natural means.
Gmnon name: Spiraea flower g a l l m i t e
Relation t o host: Ihe m i t e s produce g a l l s i n the C a l i f o r n i a record:
flower heads. SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, VIII-17-1939
Discussion: This m i t e would appear t o have a ("K)
h o l a r c t i c d i s t r i b u t i o n by n a t u r a l means.

California records: Eriophyes vitis (Pgst.) (11-1)

EL DCRADO CO. : Twin Bridges, VIII-2-1945 P l a t e 11-1
("K) Phytoptus ( ? ) v i t i s Pagenstecher, Verh. Ver.
PLUMAS CO. : h c k ' s Lake, VII-28-1946 (HHK) Heidelb. V. 1, p. 48, 1857
Eriophyes v i t i s (Pgst.) Keifer, BCDA V. 33, p. 21,
1944
Eriophyes t&e (Pgst.) (11-11) Type l o c a l i t y : Germany
P l a t e 11-11 Type host: V i t i s vinifera L., grape
Comnon name: Grape erineum m i t e (approved)
Phytoptus (?) t i l i a e Pagenstecher, Verh. Ver. Helation t o host: The t y p i c a l form makes erineum
Heidelb. V. 1, p. 46, 1857 on the under s i d e s of t h e leaves (Phylleriwn
Eriophyes t i l i a e typicus (Pgst.) Nalepa, Verh. v i t i s F r i e s ) . Not a l l grape v a r i e t i e s are
Ges. Wien,V. 70, p. 52, 1920 susceptible, since i t is a common observation
Type l o c a l i t y : Germany t h a t t w o d i f f e r e n t grape v a r i e t i e s may have
Type host: T i l i a platyphylla S o p . , linden t h e i r branches intertwined, and t h a t one w i l l
Carmen name: Linden g a l l m i t e c o n s i s t e n t l y have erineum, while t h e other
Relation t o host: The mites produce elongate never has it. A bud form of t h i s mite never
r a t h e r pointed upper surface leaf g a l l s , makes erineum on any vine, confining its ac-
known as ' n a i l ' g a l l s . Sane trees with mites t i v i t i e s e n t i r e l y t o the buds.
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 39

Discussion: This mite is widely d i s t r i b u t e d on Pareria fremontiae Keifer, BCDA V. 41, p. 32, 1952
i t s host. 'Ihe writer knows of no i n f e s t a t i o n s Type l o c a l i t y : Phelan d i s t r i c t
on American grapes. Type host: Frernontia californica Torr., Flannel
bush
California records: Helation t o host: ' h e mites l i v e around and under
AMALXR CO.: b e , VI-15-1939 (R. J. Corbin) the s t e l l a t e h a i r s on the under s i d e s of t h e
Bu?TE CO.: Oroville, VII-23-1938 (J. B. leaves and along the stems.
Ste inweden) Discussion: The exact location of t h i s collection
FRESNO CO. : Fresno, VIII-21-1942 (F. P. is south of Phelan i n the canyon through which
Fbul lar d) t h e highway leaves the Mojave Desert.
KERN CO. : Bakersfield, IV-9-1943 (Grim)
Ix)S ANGELES CO.: Huntington Park, VI-25-1936 California record:
(V. E. Williams) SAN BEflNARDINO CO. : Phelan d i s t r i c t , IX-30-
MADERA C O . : Madera, VIII-21-1942 (L. M. Smith) 1951
MERCED C O . : S e l l i n g , IV-24-1940 (C. H.
Kins ley)
NEVADA CO. : Nevada City, VII-26-1940 PHYLLOCOPTINAE
ORANGE CO.: Atwood, VI-3-1942 (K. Sloop)
PLACER a.: Auburn, VII-17-1935 (F. Clark) Phyllocoptini
SAmAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, V-22- 1946
SAN BERNARDINO CO. : Ontario, M I - 11-1941 Genus 13. Oxypleuvites Nulepa, 1891
(C. R. Tower)
SAN DIEGO CO. : Borego, IX-20-1950 (Barnes) Iknk. &ad. Wiss. math-nat. Wien, V. 58, p. 868,
SANTA CLARA CO. : Almaden, nII-10-1944 (HHK) 1891
SANTA CRUZ CO.: vine H i l l , VIII-10-1944 (HHK) Type of genus: Oxypleurites heptacmthus (Nal. ) ,
SHASTA 03.: Redding, V-9-1949 b i f e r , BCDA V. 27, p. 312, 1938
SCtWMA m.: Healdsburg, V-18-1943 (L.M.Smith)
TULARE C O . : w, VIII-9-1940 (J. B.
Steinweden) Oxypletlrites acidotus K. (13-6)
YOLO CO.: Davis, VIII-21-1941 (G. L. S t o u t ) P l a t e 13-6

Oxypleurites acidotus Keifer, BCDA V . 28, p. 493,

Eriopkyes wisteriae K. (11-13) 1939
P l a t e 11-13 Type l o c a l i t y : San Francisco
Type host: Baccharis pilularis E., chaparral
Eriophyes wisteriae Keifer, B U M V. 28, p. 329, broan
1939 Relation t o host: ne mites a r e vagrants on older
Type l o c a l i t y : Balboa less viscid leaves. They prefer the upper
Type host: Wisteria sp. surface.
Relation t o host: ?he mites l i v e under t h e h d
scales. California record:
SAN F~+"ISCO cO. : San Francisco, VIII-20-
Ca1i f ornia record:
1939 (HHK)
SAN DIEGO CD. : Balboa, 111-28-1939 (c. Gammon)
Oxypletlrites aesculifoliae (K.)(13-7)
Genus 12. Pareria Keifer, 1752 P l a t e 13-7

Bul. Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 41, p. 32, 1952 Phyllocoptes aesculifoliae Keifer, Kab V. 27, 307,
Type of genus: Pareria fremontiae Keifer, BCDA V. 1938 (deutogyne)
41, p. 32, 1952 Oxypleurites neocarinatus Keifer, BCDA V . 28, p. 11,
Discussion: This genus bears the same r e l a t i o n 1939 (protogyne)
t o Eriophyes t h a t Paraphytoptus bears t o Aceria. l o c a l i t y : Novato
Type host: Aesculus californicus (Spach), buckeye
Camnon name: Buckeye rust m i t e
Pareria fremontiae K. (12-1) Relation to host: The mites l i v e on both leaf
P l a t e 12-1 surfaces: They cause some r u s t i n g of the leaves.
40 BULLETIN O F THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Discussion: Ikutogynes appear a r e l a t i v e l y s h o r t Type l o c a l i t y : Winters d i s t r i c t

time a f t e r the mites s t a r t multiplying on the Type host: Cornus glabrata Benth.
new leaves. This is probably an adaptation due Relation t o host: The mites occur on both leaf
t o the e a r l y and i r r e g u l a r shedding of leaves surfaces and evidently cause considerable
by the host. While the following records do not browning of the leaves. The i m n a t k forms a r e
show i t , the species probably occurs i n Califor- covered with white wax, which is l e f t i n charac-
n i a throughout much of the range of its host. teristic white streaks on the leaves upon molting.

California records: California record:

MARIN C O . : Novato, VI-25-1938 ( H M ) YOLO co. : Winters, i n Putah Canyon, IX-4-1939
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, v-10-1941 (m) ("K)

Oxypleurites baccharis K . (13-5) Oxypleurites juglandis K. (13-4)

P l a t e 13-5 P l a t e 13-4

Oxypleurites baccharis Keifer,BUIA V. 28, p.237 1939 Oxypleurites juglandis Keifer, BCDA V. 40, p. 97,
Type l o c a l i t y : Riverside 1951
Type host: Baccharis e m r y i Gray Type l o c a l i t y : San Jose
Relation to host: The m i t e is a l e a f vagrant, Type host: Juglans regia L., English walnut
usually on t h e upper surface. hname: Walnut r u s t mite
Relation t o host: The mites a r e vagrants on the
California record: under s i d e s of the leaves.
RIVERSIDE CO. : Riverside, X-11-1938 (MK)
California record :
SANTA CLARA CO.: san Jose d i s t r i c t , VII-29-
Oxyplezrrites cornifoliae K. (13-8) 1947 (W. H. Hart)
P l a t e 13-8

Oxypleurites cornifoliae Keifer, BCDA V . 28, p. Oxypleurites marimaliii K. (13-2)

235, 1939 P l a t e 13-2
Type l o c a l i t y : Baxter's d i s t r i c t
Type host: Cornus californicus C. A., dogwood Oxypleurites rarinalni Keifer, BCDA V. 28, p. 237
Relation t o host: The mites a r e vagrants on t h e 1939
under s i d e s of t h e leaves. Type l o c a l i t y : Stinson Beach
Type host: Alnus rubra Bong., red alder
California record: Relation t o host: The mites a r e harmless leaf
PLACER CO. : Baxter's, IX-20-1938 (HHK) vagrants on the under surfaces. 'hey n e s t l e
themselves i n the angles formed by t h e veins.
Oxypleurites depressids Nal. (13-1)
P l a t e 13-1 California record:
MARIN CO. : Stinson Beach, VIII- 13- 1938 )
Oxypleurites depressus Nalepa, h z . &ad. Wiss.
Math-nat. Wien, V. 31, p. 38, 1894
Type l o c a l i t y : Austria Oxypleurites niaxwelli K. (13-3)
Type host: Corylus avellanae L . , F i l b e r t P l a t e 13-3
Relation to host: The m i t e s a r e vagrants on the
under s i d e s of t h e leaves. No damage has been Oxypleurites rame1lz L i f e r , ECDA V . 28, p . 152,
apparent here i n California. 1939
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
California record: Type host: Olea europa L. Olive
BUlTF, CO. : Paradise, VI-7-1939 (HHK) Comnon name: Olive leaf mite
Relation t o host: The mites l i v e on the upper
surface of the leaves. They cause no apparent
Oxypleitrites glabratae K. (13-9) damage even when present i n large numbers.
P l a t e 13-9 Discussion; The dorsal depression on the r e a r of
Oxypleurites glabratae Keifer, BCDA V . 29, p. 32,1940 the mite, coupled with uneven s i d e processes,
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 41

makes t h i s species very d i s t i n c t . The o r i g i n Type host: Corylus avellanae L. F i l b e r t

of t h i s mite is presumably the Mediterranean Relation t o host: The mites are found on the
region, but examination of badly mite-damaged under sides of the leaves, almost e n t i r e l y
olive twigs from I s r a e l has f a i l e d t o d i s c l o s e along the veins.
the presence of maxwelli there. Discussion: This species is very d i s t i n c t fran
the previous two species. The o r i g i n a l home
California records: of laminrani remains unknown.
WlTE CO.: Palerrno, VI-7-1939 ("K)
SACRAMINTO CD. : Sacramento, IX-21-1938 (HHKM) California record:
SANTA BARBARA CO.: h t e c i t o , V-10-1949 BUTTE c0. Paradise, V-16-1939 (HHK);
V E N m A CO. : Santa Paula, VIII-1938 (K. E. Palermo, VI-7-1939 ("K)
Maxwell)
YOLO CO. : Winters d i s t r i c t , V-3-1945 ("K)
Genus 15. Calacarus Keifer, 1940

Genm 14. Coptophylla Keifer, 1944 E?ul. Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 29, p. 163, 1940
Type of Genus: Calacarus pulviferus K.
BCDA V. 33, p. 26, 1944
Type of genus: Coptophylla laminmi ( K . ) , BCDA
Calacartls adornatus (K.) (15-2)
P l a t e 15-2
Coptopbylla arbtlti (K.)(14-2)
P l a t e 14-2 Epitrimerus adornatus Keifer, BCDA V. 29, p. 32,
1940
Phyllocoptes arbuti Keifer, BCDA V. 28, p. 489, Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento (Capitol Park)
1939 Type host: Viburnum opulus L. , snowball
Type l o c a l i t y : Berkeley Additional host: Camellia japonica L.
Type host: Arbutus m i d o L. , Strawberry tree Comnon name: Purple camellia m i t e
Relation t o host: The mites occur on t h e under Helation to host: The mites are vagrants on both
s i d e s of the leaves and due t o pulverulent wax leaf surfaces. In the case of camellia the
leave considerable debris. mites cause sane browning of the surfaces, but
a l s o leave considerable d e b r i s in the form of
California record: waxy shed skins and carcases.
AIAMEDA a.: Berkeley, VII-25-1939 ("K) Discussion: The occurrence of the m i t e on Vibur-
nun was probably due t o population pressure,
since the species is f a r more c h a r a c t e r i s t i c
Coptopbylla caliquerci K. (14-3) of camellia.
P l a t e 14-3
California records:
Coptophylla raliquerci Keifer, BCDA V. 33, p- 26, ALAMEDA CO. : Oakland, X-31-1942 (G. B.
1944 Laing)
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento BUTT? CO. : b,11-18-1942 (R. Swett)
Type host: Q e r c u s lobata Nee, Valley white oak FRESNO CO. : Fresno, XI-14-1947
Relation t o host: The m i t e s a r e upper surface US A N G E E S CO: Altadena, 1-7-1943 (V. E.
leaf vagrants. Williams)
PLACER CO. : b i s , XI-9-1943
California record: (J. B. Steinweden)
SACRAMUW) CO. : Sacramento (Capitol Park), RIVERSIDE CO. : Riverside, X-19-1942 (Ehmann)
E-9-1943 (HMO SACRAMMTO CO.: Sacramento, X-2-1939 (HHK)
SAN DIEGO CO. : san Diego, VI-22-1944
Coptopbylla lamimatzi (K.)(14-1) (D. F. Palmer)
P l a t e 14-1 SAN JWQUIN CO.: 111-12-1943
(J. E. Steinweden)
Phyllocoptes lamiaani Keifer, X D A V. 28, p. 419, SANTA CLARA CO. : Campbell, IV-15-1948
1939 SANTA CRUZ CO.: Watsonville, XI-14-1944
Type l o c a l i t y : Paradise (M. H. Bell)
42 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

TULAFE CO. : V i s a l i a , I-19- 1944 California record:

(J. B. Steinweden) SAN FRANCISUI CO. San Francisco. V-23-1938
("K)

Calacarus pulviferus K. (15-1)

P l a t e 15-1 Anthocoptes hesperzrs K. (16-3)
P l a t e 16-3
Calacarus pulviferus Keifer, V . 29, p. 163,
1940 Anthocoptes hesperus Keifer, BCaA V . 30, p. 206,
Type locality: Grass Valley d i s t r i c t 1941
Type host: Quercus kelloggii Newb., black oak Type locality: South Laguna
Relation to host: The mites are upper surface leaf Type host: Geanothus cuneatus Hook., buckbrush
vagrants. Relation t o host: The m i t e s a r e leaf vagrants,
chiefly on the under surface.
California record:
NEVADA CO. : Grass Valley d i s t r i c t , VII-26 California records:
1940 (HHK) ORANGE CO.: South Laguna, M-4-1940 (HHK)
SANTA CRUZ CO.: M t . Herman, VIII-18-1941
(HHK) 1444
Calacarus tejonis K. (15-3)
P l a t e 15-3
Anthocoptes pickeringiae K. (16-2)
P l a t e 16-2
Calacarus tejonis Keifer, BcAA V. 41, p. 35, 1952 Anthocoptes pickeringiae Keifer, BCDA V . 41, p.
Type l o c a l i t y : Fort Tejon 36, 1952
Type host: Quercus Zobata Nee Type locality: Occidental
Relation t o host: The mites a r e upper surface leaf Type host: Pickeringia aontana Nutt., Pea
vagrants. chaparral
Discussion: In accordance with the other two mem- Relation t o host: The m i t e s l i v e on the leaves and
bers of the genus the body f l u i d s a r e purple. green twigs i n the f i n e p i l e on a l l these
The white wax stripes along t h e back make a l l surfaces.
of these Calacarus species s t r i k i n g i n
appearance. California record:
SONCMA CO. : Occidental , IX-6- 1951 ( H H K )
California recora.
KERN CO.: Fort Tejon, XI-20-1951 (HHK)
Anthocoptes punctidorsa K. (16-1)
P l a t e 16-1
Genus 16. Avzthocoptes Nalepa, 1892
hthocoptes punctidorsa Keifer, BCDA V. 32, p.
Anz. Akad. Wiss. math-nat. Wien, V. 29, p. 16, 216, 1943
1892 T p locality: Sacramento
Type of genus: Anthocoptes loricatus (Nal.), Type host: Ulnus pumila L.
Keifer, V. 27, p. 312, 1938 Relation t o host: The mites a r e leaf vagrants,
c h i e f l y on the under surface.
Discussion: There seem t o be a c e r t a i n amount of
Anthocoptes ericameriella K. (16-4) sexual dimorphism in t h i s case, with the fe-
P l a t e 16-4 male more l i k e a species of Vasates, while the
male has the characters o f Anthocoptes.
Anthocoptes ericameriella Keifer, BCDA V. 27, p .
313, 1938 California record:
Type locality: San Francisco SACRAMMTO CO. : Sacramento, VI-7-1943 (HHK)
Type host: Ericamerza ericoides (Less.1, mock
heather
Relation t o host: The mites a r e vagrants among Genus 17. Vusutes Shimer, 1869
the small t u f t s of leaves. They a l s o l i v e i n
the outer layers of terminal Cecidomyid galls Tr. Amr. Ent. SOC.V. 2 , p. 319, 1869
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 43

Type of genus: Vasates quadripedes Shiner; Keifer, Vasates cornutus (Banks) (17-18)
BCDA V . 33, p. 25, 1944 P l a t e 17-18, 17-18d
Discussion: Unlike the majority of the species
s t r u c t u r a l l y referable t o t h i s genus, the type, Phyllocoptes cornutus Banks, Proc. Ento. SOC.
quadripedes, is a gall-former on m p l e leaves. Wash. V. 7 , p. 141, 1905
Type l o c a l i t y : Nashington D. C.
Type host: Amygdalus p e r s i c a S. R: Z., peach
Vasates udvens (K.) Comnon name: Peach s i l v e r m i t e (approved)
Relation t o host: The m i t e s a r e f r e e l i v i n g on the
Phyllocoptes advens Keifer, m A V. 27, p. 192, leaf surfaces. This is the well-known peach
1938 s i l v e r m i t e , which produces a s i l v e r y sheen on
Type l o c a l i t y : Fomona Heights older peach leaves. Less w e l l known is the e f -
Type host: Citrus linronia b b . , lemon f e c t t h i s m i t e has on imnature and young
Discussion: This m i t e appeared on lemon under the leaves. In t h i s l a t t e r case the mites may
f r u i t buttons during the survey f o r C i t r u s bud cause a mottling of y e l l w dots on the l e a f ,
m i t e . It is now apparent t h a t the m i t e a s de- or r o l l the leaf longitudinally. Peach trees
scribed is a deutogyne. The characters of the with glandless leaves s u f f e r mast from t h i s
protogyne a r e unknown a s is the t r u e host. Until longitudinal r o l l i n g .
the type area is explored nothing f u r t h e r can be Discussion: t h e name paracornutus, proposed by the
done with t h i s MIW. w r i t e r for mites of t h i s type on almond (BCDA
V. 32, p. 214, 19431, is nothing more than
California record: cornutus.
LOS ANGELES CO. : Pomona Heights, XII-13-1937 The w r i t e r is n o t acquainted w i t h Banks'
(K. L. Wolff) species amygdalina, s a i d t o occur on Prunus
davidiana i n Southern California.
The peach s i l v e r m i t e probably occurs
Vasates ambrosiae (K.) (17-10) nearly everywhere i n California t h a t peaches
Plate 17-10 a r e grown. The mite a l s o occurs on nectarine.

Phyllocoptes mbrosiae Keifer, BCDA V. 32, p. 214, California records:

1943 ALAMEDA CO.: Hayward, X-8-1941
Type l o c a l i t y : Fillmore (L. R. Jeppson)
Type host: Ambrosia psilostachya DC., western WTIE CO.: -0, U. S. P. I. G . , X-28-1949
ragweed (H. T. &born)
Relation t o host: "he m i t e s a r e leaf vagrants. They a.: Wasco, XII-2-1940 (G. L. Smith)
were found a f t e r leaves t h a t bore g a l l s of MADEM CO.: Madera d i s t r i c t , V-19-1937
Aceria boycei had been brought back t o the (N. Overgaard)
laboratory. MERCED CO. : Merced, VI-18-1943 (Jilbert)
ORANGE CO.: Atwood, M-23-43 (E. A. Dudley)
California record: SACRAMMTO CO. : Sacramento, M-30-1940 (HHK)
VENTUM C O . : Fillmore, VIII-8-1940 SAN JOAQUIN C O . : StoCktm, V-1-1944
(A. M. Ebyce) (C. H. Swanson)
SANTA CLARA CO.: Stanford u n i v e r s i t y , X-1949
(L. A. "hmpson)
Vusates calultni (K. (17-1) STANIS1AUS CO. : Salida, 111-17-1949
P l a t e 17-1 C o . : V i s a l i a , 1-7-1942 ( S . F. J3ailey)
YOU) CO. : Winters, V-3-1943 (HHK)
Phyllocoptes calulmi Keifer, BcDA V. 29, p. 113, YuBA CO.: Marysville d i s t r i c t , VII-16, 1946
1940 (H. A. Crane)
Type l o c a l i t y : San Mateo
Type host: lllnus (canpestris ?), a s t r e e t t r e e
Relation t o host: The m i t e s a r e vagrants on the Vusdes cotyledoitis (K.) (17-9)
under s i d e s of the young terminal leaves. The P l a t e 17-9
2-rayed featherclaw is unusual.
Phyllocoptes cotyledonis Keifer, BCM V. 28, p.
California record: 487, 1939
SAN MATEO CO. : San Mateo, VI-18- 1939 (HHK) Type l o c a l i t y : Stinson Beach
44 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Type host: Cotyledon caespitosa Haw., stonecrop RIVERSIDE CO. : Corona, VIII-4-1943 ( P l a t t )
Relation t o host: The m i t e s severely brown and SACRAMENTO C O . : Elkhorn d i s t r i c t , XI-7-1941
wrinkle the l e a f surfaces, and cause uneven (S. F. Bailey)
w h i t e surface pulverulence. SAN BENIT0 CO.: H o l l i s t e r , IX-30-1942,
,(H. A. Hunt)
California record:
SAN BEFNARDINO CO.: Loma Linda, 1-25-1943
WRIN CO. : Stinson Beach, VII-3-1939 (HHK) W DIEGO C O . : J J l , XII-22-1942 (F. Thorne)
SAN JCL\QUIN CO. : Tracy, VIII-13-1941
Vasates destructor (K.) (17-14) (H. W. Graves)
P l a t e 17-14 %N LUIS m I S P 0 co.: San Luis Obispo, M-16-
1942 (R. M. Drake)
Phyllocoptes destructor Keifer, D A V. 29, p. SAN MATE0 CO.: Sari Carlos, V-21-1943
160, 1940 (Cambe 111
Type l o c a l i t y : Modesto SANTA BARBARA CO. : GoleCa, VIII-20-1942
Type host: Lycopersicum esculentum M i l l . , t a t p (W. Gurmings)
-
Additional hosts: Solanum douglasii h a l , night- SANTA CLARA CO. : Almaden, VIII-5-1942
shade; Solanum tuberosum, potato; Petunia; (L. R. Cody)
Solanwn sp., a vine; Physalis prob. ixocarpa SANTA CXUZ CO. : Watsonville, VIII-24- 1946
Brot.; Datura sp. SHASTA CO. : French Gulch, VII-26-1950
Cornmon name: Tomato r u s s e t mite (approved) (B. F. Stroup)
Relation t o host: The mites a r e free l i v i n g on the STANISLAUS CO.: Modesto, V-16-1940
green surfaces of t h e i r h o s t . P o t a t o and petu- (S. F. Bailey)
nia show sane d i s c o l o r a t i o n of the leaves but SUTIER CO. : Verona, IX-2-1942
t h e plants continue t o l i v e . In the case of TULARE C O . : V i s a l i a , X-11-1942
tomato the a t t a c k of t h i s mite is f a t a l t o any V M W R A CO. : Camarillo, IX-16-1942
susceptible p l a n t (one or more v a r i e t i e s seem (C. J. B a r r e t t )
.
i m e ) Since Eriophyids need perennial h o s t s YOLO CO. : Elkhorn d i s t r i c t , M-3-1940
and cannot afford t o k i l l t h e i r h o s t s , the (S. F. Bailey)
r e l a t i o n of t h i s m i t e t o tomato is unnatural. YUEH C O . : Marysville, VII-11-1944
The persistance and speed with which t h i s m i t e (A. W. Worledge)
reappears every year i n newly planted tornato
f i e l d s , i n d i c a t e s the ease w i t h which it d i s - Vusates eurytrotus (Nal.) (17-13)
seminates i t s e l f . The m i t e overwinters on P l a t e 17-13
perennial hosts such a s petunia and nightshades.
Discussion: The s h i e l d p a t t e r n and d e c l i v i t o u s PhylEocoptes eurymtus Nalepa, Am. Akad. Wiss.
front shield lobe are d i s t i n c t i v e for the m t h - n a t . Wien, V. 31, p. 38, 1894
species. Type l o c a l i t y : Austria
Type host: T o r i l i s infesta Koch.
California records: California hosts: Apium graveolens L., c e l e r y ;
ALAMEM CO.: Irvington, IX-15-1941 Daucus carota L., c a r r o t
(G. B. L i n g ) COrmKln name: Celery r u s t mite
BUTTE CO.: Oroville, X-3-1942 (HHK) Relation t o host: The m i t e s a r e f r e e l i v i n g on the
CALAvEM CO.: San Andreas. VII-15-1942 green surfaces. On c e l e r y some s u r f a c e b r m -
(H. L. Leonard) ing evidently r e s u l t s from the a c t i v i t y of the
IMPERIAL CO. : Niland, IV- 18- 1944 mites. On c a r r o t the m i t e s are associated i n
KERN CO.: S h a f t e r , VI-16-1942 (S. F. Bailey) p a r t with t h e flower heads, where i n company
LOS ANGELES C O . : k ? e l l f h e r , VIII-14-1942 with Aceria peucedani, they cause discoloration
(V. E. Williams) of the heads.
MERCED CO. : Merced, VII-17-1942
(C. H. Kinsley) California records:
MONTEREY CO. : S a l i n a s , IX-30-1942 FREgYO C O . : Fresno, X-25-1941 (S. F. Bailey)
(H. A. Hunt) LOS ANGELES CO.: San Pedro, M-28-1944
NAPA CO.: &, VIII-14-1943 ( B u t l e r ) (H. T. &born)
ORANGE C O . : San Juan Capistrano, X-27-1948 CRANGE CO. : Stanton, IX-16-1949
P L A E R CO. : Thermolands, IX-26-1941 SAN JOAQUIN a0.: Terminous, XI-4-1940
(Fred Clark) (P. F. Wright)
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 45

SOLANO m. : Rio V i s t a , VII-26- 1944, Dixon, Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento

VIII-2-1944 (D. H. Byers) Type host: Tamarix g a l l i c a L . , tamarisk
YUBA CO. : Marysville, X-12-1944 (Morehead) h e l a t i o n t o host: The m i t e s a r e t o be found under
the s c a l e - l i k e leaves, but when abundant wan-
der along the twigs i n t h e open. The type t r e e ,
Vasates fockeui (Nal. & Trt.) (17-19) which was in Capitol Park, has now been re-
moved.
Phyl locoptes fockeui Nalepa and Trouessart,
N a t u r a l i s t e , V. 13, p. 26, 1891 California record:
Phyllocoptes fockeui N&T, Ws T i e r r e i c h , p. 52, SQCRAMMTO (33. : Sacramento, M-11-1939 (HHK)
1898
Type l o c a l i t y : Austria
Type host: probably Prunus domestica L . , prune Vasates Zaevigatae (Hassan) (i7-2 1)
Additional hosts: P r m s Cerasus L . , cherry; P . P l a t e 17-21
mahaleb L.
Comnon name: Plum nursery mite Phyllocoptes laevigatae Hissan, U. C. Publ. Ent.
Discussion: ?he occurrence of t h i s m i t e i n Cal- V. 4, p. 379, 1928
i f o r n i a is s t i l l problematical, p a r t l y be- Type l o c a l i t y : Agnew
cause t h e writer knows of no distinguishing Type host: Salix laevigatae Ekbb., red w i l l o w
features between it and c o r m t u s . Plums and Relation t o host: The m i t e s form bead g a l l s on
c h e r r i e s i n areas north of California a r e the leaves. These g a l l s a r e usually colonial
regularly infested with what is c a l l e d in d i s t r i b u t i o n , one l i m b on a tree having
fockeul, but these trees i n California do not many and other parts of the tree free.
usually have these mites. Where peach trees Discussion: This mite evidently attacks other
grow near plums and cherry trees the former species of w i l l o w i n California, but has not
may be heavily infested with s i l v e r m i t e been thoroughly investigated. In respect t o
without the l a t t e r becoming infested. The g a l l f o r m t i o n laevigatae resembles the type
records l i s t e d below a r e t e n t a t i v e and indi- species of t h e genus Vasates. This g a l l m i t e
cate t h a t plums and c h e r r i e s have t h i s type is probably deuterogynous.
of mite i n the areas indicated. The m i t e
causes the leaves t o turn brawn a f t e r the California records:
manner of rust mites. FRESNO CO. : Fresno, VIII-20-1942
(R. H. Smith)
California records: ORANGE C D . : Atwood, X-1-1943 (E. A. Dudley)
NAPA CO.: &., VTII-3-1944 (H. T. &born) SACRAMENTO CO. : .%cramento, VIII- 18- 1937
SACRAMMTO CO. : Elk Grove, 111-31-1949 (HHK )
SANTA CLARA CO.: Agnew, 1928 (Hassan)

Vasates gZu6ri K. (17-23)

P l a t e 17-23 Vasates Zigustri (K.) (17-17)
P l a t e 17-17
Vasates glabri Keifer, V. 41, p. 33, 1952
Type l o c a l i t y : Fallen Leaf Lake Phyllocoptes l i g u s t r i Keifer, BCDA V. 27, p. 190,
Type host: Acer glabruu Torr., S i e r r a maple 1938
Relation t o host: The m i t e s are i n q u i l i n e s i n the Type l o c a l i t y : Pasadena
magenta erineum. Type host: Ligustrua o v a l i f o l i u a Haask., p r i v e t
Comnon name: P r i v e t r u s t m i t e
California record: Relatian t o host: lhese mites remain on the leaves
EL DORADO CO. : Fallen Leaf Lake, M-13-1951 and green stems throughout the year. In the
(HHK 1 s p r i n g they multiply vigorously on the new
leaves and often cause noticeable browning and
c u r l i n g of the new leaves.
Vasdes immigrans (K.) (17-3) Discussion: While the investigation of the s t r u c -
P l a t e 17-3 t u r a l characters separating t h i s species from
cornutus are not complete as y e t , the habits of
PhylZocoptes imigrcms Keifer, FKDA V . 29, p. 29, the t w o species are quite d i s s i m i l a r i n c e r t a i n
1940 respects. The p r i v e t mite, unlike the s i l v e r
46 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

mite, has no deutogynes. The p r i v e t m i t e starts which Nalepa (1890) gives f o r schlectendali
t o multiply earlier i n the spring, is depressed do not f i t the Santa Cruz Cwnty Specimens.
by t h e warm suIRIEr weather, and revives its (The Sam t h i n g can be s a i d f o r specimens re-
population again i n the f a l l . ceived from other p a r t s of the United States.)
Until authentic European material of
California records: schlectendali is available t h i s problem w i l l
LOS ANGELES CO.: Pasadena, 111-4-1938 remain unsettled. The mite (maliuagrans) is
(C. Gamnon) presumably deuterogynous.
NEVADA CO. : Nevada City, VI-8-1948
ORANGE CO.: Orange, XI-14-1938 (T. Gallion) California records:
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, IV-25-1939 (HHK) YONTEREY CO.: Salinas, V-22-1944
SAN DIEOO CO. : s a n Diego, 111-25-1940 (W. H. Lange)
(J. W. Dixon) SANTA C A W CO. : Vine H i l l , VIII-10-1944 (HHK)
SAN FRANCISCO 0. : San Francisco, VIII-1-1939
(HHK1
SANTA CLARA CO.: Palo Alto, v-1-1947 Vasates manzunitue (K.) (17-8)
SANTA CRUZ CO. : Watsonville, IV-10-1950 P l a t e 17-8
(Huston)
SOLANO a.: F a i r f i e l d , 111-27-1950 (Goodman) Phyllocoptes manzanitae Keifer, BCM V . 29, p.
YOLO CO.: DaDa, V-30-1942 (S. F. Bailey) 160, 1940
Type l o c a l i t y : Magalia
Type 'host: Arctostaphylos s p . , manzanita
Vusutes mugnoliuoru ( K . ) (17-7) Relation t o host: The m i t e s a r e f r e e - l i v i n g on
P l a t e 17-7 both leaf surfaces. There are imny species of
manzanita i n California and t h i s mite probably
Phyllocoptes magnolivora F e i f e r , @UIA V . 28, p. occurs on a number of them.
486, 1939
Type locality: San Jose California records:
Type host: Magnolia grandiflora L., b u l l bay B U ~ ECO.: Magalia, VII-2-1940 (HHK)
Relation t o hast: The mites l i v e i n the n a t u r a l SCNOMA CO. : Occidental, M-6-1951 (HHK)
h a i r on the under s i d e s of the leaves. They
a r e a l s o found around the flower buds but no
damage has been a t t r i b u t e d t o them. Vusutes mckenziei K. (17-5)
Discussion: Roivainen (1951) reports this m i t e on P l a t e 17-5
a house-grown magnolia i n Finland. The native
home of the host is presumably the o r i g i n of Vasates mckenziei Keifer, D A V . 33, p. 26, 1944
the m i t e . Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
Type host: Elymus triticoides Buckl., a perennial
California record: grass
SANTA CLARA CO. : San Jose, VIII-25-1939 (HHK) Relation t o host: The mites l i v e i n the longitu-
d i n a l furrows on the upper leaf surface. The
r e l a t i o n s h i p t h i s m i t e bears t o dubius Nal.
Vusutes mulivugrans K. (17-15) remains t o be determined.
P l a t e 17-15
Celifornia records:
Vasates malivagrans Keifer, Bc1# V . 35, p. 41, SACRAlvENTo CO. : Sacramento, X-3-1943
19%; as Vdsates schlectendali (Nal.) k i f e r , (H. L. McKenzie)
Jr. Ec. Ent. V. 39, p. 567, 1946 winters, VII-4-1944 (HHK)
YOLO 0.:
Type locality: Vine H i l l , Santa Cruz County
Type host: Pyrus malus L., apple
Comnon name: ( i f schlectendali) Apple r u s t m i t e
(approved) Vusutes paraglabri K. (17-20)
Helation t o host: The m i t e s l i v e on the under P l a t e 17-20
s i d e s of the leaves.
Discussion: The writer is uncertain whether t o Vasates paraglabri Keifer, V. 41, p. 34, 1951
c a l l t h i s m i t e the species named, or Type l o c a l i t y : Fallen Leaf Lake
schlectendal i. 'Ihe description and figures Type host: Acer glabrum Torr., S i e r r a maple
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 47

Helation t o host: "his mite is another i n the California records:

complex found i n the magenta erineum on the "I% 0.: Paradise, VXI-2-1940 W H K )
h o s t leaves. NAPA CO.: Pope Valley, X-28-1951 (HHK)
Discussion: The r e l a t i o n t h i s m i t e bears to glabri
remains t o be determined by experiment, but the
s t r u c t u r e s seem d i f f e r e n t enough t o j u s t i f y the Vusutes scotti (K.)(17-6)
conclusion t h a t t h i s is not a case of deuter- P l a t e 17-6
O W Y .
Phyllocoptes scotti Keifer, BCW V. 29, p. 28,
California record: 1940
EL DORADO CO.: Fallen Leaf Lake, M-13-1951 Type l o c a l i t y : Winters
("K) Type host: Cercis occidentalis Torr., redbud
Helation t o host: The mites are leaf vagrants,
spending the winter i n the flcwer buds.
Vasutes prosopis (K.) (17-2)
P l a t e i7-2 California records:
SHASTA CO.: Rocky Camp, Hat Creek, VITI-10-
Phyllocoptes prosopis Keifer, BCDA V. 29, p. 29, 1948 (HHK)
1940 mIuLARE CO.: Sequoia National Park, X-31-1939
Type l o c a l i t y : Whitewater (F. T. S c o t t )
Type host: Prosopis juliflora glandulosa Qtll., YOU3 CO. : Putah Canyon, Winters d i s t r i c t ,
honey m s q u i t e XI-7-1939 (HHK)
Relation t o host: The m i t e s a r e f r e e l i v i n g on the
leaves. V'mates sym horicurpi (K.) (17-4)
[late 17-4
California record:
RIVERSIDE CO. : Whitewater, E-16-1939 (HHK)
Phyllocoptes symphoricarpi Keifer, BCDA V . 28, p.
487, 1939
Vusutes rhumniuugruns (K.)(17-16) Type l o c a l i t y : Aukum
Type h o s t : Syinphoricarpos albus L., sncmberry
P l a t e 17-16
Relation t o host: The mites l i v e on the under
s i d e s of the leaves.
Phyllocoptes rhamnivagrans Keifer, BCDA V. 28, p.
419, 1939
California record:
Type l o c a l i t y : Aukum
EL DOMDO CO.: Aukurn, VI-4-1939 (HHK)
Type host: Rhamnus californicus tonentella B&W
Relation t o host: The mites are under surface leaf
vagrants among t h e h a i r s . This mite does not
Vusates tumalpuis (K.)(17-11)
occur on the glabrous v a r i e t y of t h i s host. P l a t e 17-11
Phyllocoptes taaalpais k i f e r , BCDA V . 28, p .
California record: 486, 1939
E L DORAM) CO.: Aukum, VI-4-1939 (HHK) Type l o c a l i t y : Mt. Tamalpais
SONOMA CO.: Occidental, M-6-1951 (HHK) Type host: G r y l u s rostrata californica A.,
hazelnut
Relation t o host: The mites are vagrants on both
Vasutes rhododendronis (K.)(17-12) leaf surfaces, favoring the under s i d e . The
P l a t e 17-12 long dorsal s e t a e a r e somewhat d i s t i n c t i v e .

Phyl locoptes rhododendronis Keifer, BCDA V. 29, Ca 1i f ornia records :

p. 162, 1940 WRIN C O . : M t . T a d p a i s , VII-3-1939 (HHK)
Type l o c a l i t y : Paradise SCNOMA CO.: camp hkeker, IX-6-1951 (HHK)
Type host: Rhododendron occidentale Cy-Ar. ,
azalea Vusates toxicophugus (Ewing) (17-22)
Relation t o host: 'Ihe mites a r e under surface l e a f P l a t e 17-22
vagrants. The imnature stages a r e covered with
pulverulent wax. Phyl locoptes toxicophagus Ewing, Roc. Iowa Acad.
48 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

S c i . , V. 24, p. 323, 1917; Keifer, B(33A V. 27, Genus 19. Tetra Keifer, 1944
p. 191, 1938
Type l o c a l i t y : Western Oregon Bul. Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 33, p. 27, 1944
Type host: Rhus diversiloba T&G., poison oak Type of genus: Tetra concava (K.)
Comnon name: Poison oak l e a f - g a l l m i t e
Relation t o host: The mites form bead g a l l s on the
leaves. In some cases the terminal leaves a r e Tetra cercocarpi K. (19-1)
deformed by the mass of galls. P l a t e 19-1
Discussion: The m i t e is widespread i n C a l i f o r n i a ,
but only one d e f i n i t e l o c a l i t y is a v a i l a b l e a t Tetra cercocarpi Keifer, B m A V. 41, p. 68, 1952
t h i s writing. Type l o c a l i t y : Rocky Camp, Hat Creek
Type host: Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt., Desert
California record: mountain mahogany
vEilJm co.: Santa Paula, VII-29-1937 Helation t o host: The mites a r e vagrants among the
(S. Lockwood) leaf h a i r s on the upper leaf surface.

California record:
Genus 18. Gummaphytoptus Keifer, 1939 SHASTA CO. : Rocky Camp, Hat Creek, VIII-10-
1948 (HHK)
hl. Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 28, p. 148, 1939
Type of genus: Ganunaphytoptus camphorae K.
Tetra concava (K.) (19-2)
P l a t e 19-2
Gammaphytoptus camphorae K . (18-1)
P l a t e 18-1 Phyllocoptruta concava Keifer, BCDA V. 28, p.
489, 1939
Ganunaphytoptus camphorae Keifer, BCDA V . 28, p. Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
148, 1939 Type host: U l m s (campestris ?}, e l m
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento Relation t o host: The mites a r e free l i v i n g on the
Type host: Cinnaaromum camphora M E . , camphor tree leaves, principaJly on t h e upper surfaces.
Relation t o host: This species s e e m t o be basi-
c a l l y a leaf vagrant type t h a t has taken up California record :
residence i n the n a t u r a l leaf glands that open SACRAk43NlU CO. : Sacramento, VI-27-1939 ( I N K )
on the under surface. These glands a r e i n the
angles formed by the large veins with the mid-
r i b near the leaf base. Genus 20. Abacartcs Keikr, 1 9 4
Discussion: This m i t e is polymorphic, only the
extreme form being shown i n the figure. There Bul. Cal. I k p t . Agr. V. 33, p. 28, 1944
a r e mny individuals i n each leaf gland pop- Type of genus: Abacarus acalyptus (K.)
u l a t i o n t h a t have a nearly Eriophyiform ab-
domen. A s i n Aceria camelliae and Eriophyes Abacarus acalyptrrs (K.) (20-2)
v i tis, t h i s m i t e combines the appressed geni- P l a t e 20-2
t a l i a and shortened apodeme w i t h the presence
of dorsal setae. I n t h e genera Ceciabphyes Galepitriserus acalyptus Keifer, BcIlA V. 28, p.
and Coptophylla, both of which have t h i s type 490, 1939
of g e n i t a l i a , the d o r s a l s e t a e a r e missing. Type l o c a l i t y : Baxters
Undoubtedly the native home of camphor is Type host: Ceanothus cordulatus Kell.
where the m i t e originated. Relation t o host: The m i t e s l i v e f r e e on the
leaves and green p a r t s of t h e twigs.
California record:
California records:
PLACER 03.: h x t e r s , VI-14-1939 (HHK)
B U n E CO.: Oroville, VII-23-1938
(J. B. Steinweden)
U)S ANGELES CD. : Pasadena, VII-6- 1938
Abacarus hystrix (Nal.) (20-1)
P l a t e 20-1
(C. Gamnon)
SACRAMLWTO CO. : Sacramento, M-29-1938 (HHK Callyntrotus hystrix Nalepa, Anz. Akad. Wiss.
math-nat. Wien, V. 33, p. 110, 1896.
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 49

Abacarus hystrix (Nal.) Keifer, ELL\ V. 33, p. Type l o c a l i t y : Puente

28, 1944 Type host: Persea americana M i l l . , avocado
Phytocoptes hystrix (Nal.) Roivainen, Acta Ent. Corranon name: Avocado bud mite
Fen. #8, p. 54, 1951 Relation t o host: The mites l i v e i n the avocado
Type l o c a l i t y : Austria buds and under the f r u i t buttons. They cause
Type host: Agropyrun repens Pal., a grass some discoloration of the surface.
California host: Elymus triticoides Buckl.; a l s o
Elymus sp. California records :
Comnon name: Grain r u s t m i t e (approved) LOS ANGELES CO.: Puente, x-17-1938
Helation t o host: 'Ihe m i t e s l i v e i n the f u r r w s (L. E. Myers)
on the upper leaf surface, i n the case of ORANGE CO.: Fullerton, X-24-1938
Elynurs spp. No cases of damage have ever oc- (R. J. Ehgardner)
curred i n California as f a r a s is known. SAN DIEGO CO.: V d , X-26, 1943
(J. R. La F o l l e t t e )
California records: SANTA BARBARA CO. : Carpinteria, VII-14-1944
SACRAMMlU CO. : Sacramento, IX-19-1943 (HHK) (M. Cravens)
VENTURA CO.: Fillmore, VIII-30-1940 (HHK)
Tegonotus negundella K. (21-5)
P l a t e 21-5
Genus 21. Tegonotus Nalepa, 1890
Tegonotus negundelh k i f e r , BCDA V. 28, p. 235,
Anz. &ad. Wiss. math-nat. Wien, V. 27, p. 213, 1939
1890 Type l o c a l i t y : &vis
Type of genus: Tegonotus fastigatus K l . ; Keifer, Type host: Acer negundo californicun Sarg., box-
v. 28, p. 153, 1939 elder
Thaavzacus Keifer, MA(i V. 33. p. 27, 1944; type: Helatian to host: The m i t e s l i v e on the under
rhamnicola K. s i d e s of the leaves.
Discussion: Nalepa characterized this genus a s
canposed of mites with "roof-like" backs. It is California records:
here characterized a s containing m i t e s with an OR4NGE CO.: santa Ana, VIIT-18-1948
a n t e r i o r s h i e l d lobe, d o r s a l s e t a e projecting SAcItSMENTo 0.: North Sacramento, VI-27-1942
caudad, and the abdomen with a middorsal ridge (E. Ciainnon)
that tapers t o the cauda. YOU) CO.: & v i s , E-24-1938 (HHK)

Tegonotus califraxini (K.) (21-2) Tegonotus rhamnicola (K.) (21-3)

P l a t e 21-2 Plate 21-3
Epitrinerus califraxini Keifer, B[M v. 27, p. Phyllocoptes rhannicola Keifer, KDA V. 27, p.
308, 1938 307, 1938
Type l o c a l i t y : P l a c e r v i l l e d i s t r i c t Thamnacus rhamnicola (K.), BCDA V. 33, p. 27, 1944
Type host: Fraxinus dipetala H&A., f o o t h i l l ash Type l o c a l i t y : Caop Rogers
Additional host: Fraxinus velutina Torr., Arizona Type host: Rhamnus californicus Esch., coffee
ash berry, smooth leaf type.
Relation t o host: The m i t e s are f r e e - l i v i n g on the Relation t o host: The m i t e s f i r s t cause an oblique
under surfaces of the leaves. folding of the leaf between two veins, l a t e r
becoming more or less f r e e l i v i n g a s the fold
California records: opens due t o leaf expansion.
KERN CO.: Bakersfield, V-1939
SACRAMENTO a0. : Sacramento, VI-16-1939 (HHK) California record:
PLACER CO. : Webber Creek, P l a c e r v i l l e d i s - P u l d u C O . : Camp hoeprs, Belden d i s t r i c t ,
t r i c t , V-30-1938 (HHK) VI-12-1933 (BiIo
YOLO CO.: W v i s , V-6-1942 (R. L. Usinger)
Tegonotus zizypbugus (K.) (21-4)
Tegonotus myersi ( K . ) (21-1) P l a t e 21-4
P l a t e 21-1 Epitrinerus zizyphagus Keifer, BCDA V. 28, p.
Epitremerus myersi Keifer, m A V. 28, p. 150, 1939 420, 1939
50 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Type l o c a l i t y : Oroville Acaricalzss segundus K. (23-1)

Type host: Zizyphus sativa Gaertn., jujube P l a t e 23-1
Relation t o host: The mites are f r e e l i v i n g on
the green stems and leaves. AcaricaZus segundus K e i f e r , BCDA V. 29, p. 164,
1940
C a l i f o r n i a records: Type l o c a l i t y : Grass Valley d i s t r i c t
BUTTE CO. : O r o v i l l e , VI-7-1939 (HHK) Type host: Quercus keZloggii Newb., black oak
YUBA CO.: hlarysville, IX-16-1946 Additional host: Quercus agrifolia Nee, c o a s t
l i v e oak
Relation t o host: The mites a r e f r e e - l i v i n g on,
Genus 22. Tumescoptes Keifer, 1939 the upper leaf surfaces.

3~1. Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 28, p. 336, 1939 C a l i f o r n i a records:

Type of genus: Tumescoptes trachycarpi K. NEVADA CO.: Grass Valley d i s t r i c t , VII-20-
1940 (HHK)
Tiinzescoptes trachycarpi K. (22-1) SAN MATE0 Co.: La Honda d i s t r i c t , VIIT-20-
1940 ( H H K )
P l a t e 22-1
SONOMA CO.: Occidental, IX-3-1951 (HHK)
Tumescoptes trachycarpi Keifer, BCDA V. 28, p.
337, 1939
Type l o c a l i t y : Woodland
Type host: Trachycarpus excelsa Wendl., windmill Genus 24. Acaphylla Keifer, 1943
palm
Helation t o host: This remarkable mite is found hl. Cal. Uept. Agr. V. 32, p. 214, 1943
i n the new folded leaves coming out of the bud.
Type of genus: Acaphylla steinwedeni K.
Discussion: The palm from which the specimens
originated was taken i n quarantine from San
Francisco. A t the present time no precise lo- Acaphylla steiiiwedeni K. (24-1)
c a l i t y is known i n C a l i f o r n i a where t h i s mite P l a t e 24-1
e x i s t s . Both t h i s species and Mackiella phoe-
n i c i s , on d a t e p a l m , a r e peculair types, and
Acaphylla steinwedeni Keifer, BcDA V. 32, p. 215,
may give a glimpse of some of the strange
1953
Eriophyids t o come when f u r t h e r exploration Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
is done f o r Eriophyids on palms. Type host: h e i l i a japonica I,.
Comnon name: Y e l h camellia r u s t mite
Relation t o host: This species, which is f r e e -
Genus 23. Acariculm Keifer, 1940 l i v i n g , occurs on the leaves associated with
Calacarus adornatus ( K . ) . While t h i s mite does
Bul. Cal. Lkpt. Agr. V. 29, F. 164, 1940 not leave a s much d e b r i s on t h e leaves a s
Type of genus: Acaricalus segundus Keifer
adornatus, it may a c t u a l l y be more important
as a rust m i t e .

Acaricalus hederae (K.) (23-2) C a l i f o r n i a records:

P l a t e 23-2 ALAMEDA cO. : San Leandro, VII-27-1944
(J. B. Steinweden)
Calepitrimerus hederae K e i f e r , BCDA V. 26, p. 490, LOS ANCELES CO.: Glendale, IX-14-1942
1939 (L. E. Myers)
Type l o c a l i t y : San Francisco MARIN CO. : Larkspur, III-8-1944
Type host: Hedera helix L . , ivy (J. B. Steinweden)
Helation t o host: The mites a r e f r e e - l i v i n g on NEVADA CO.: Grass Valley, VI1-26-1940 ( H H K )
the upper s i d e s of the leaves. SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, IV-7-1943
(J. B. Steinweden)
C a l i f o r n i a record: SAN JOAQUIN co.: _Lodi, 111-12-1943
SAN FRANCISCO CO.: San Francisco, VIII-19- (J. B. Steinweden)
1939 (HHK)
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 51

Genus 25. Phyllocoptes Nalepa, 1889 Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento

Type host: Salix babylonica L , weeping willow,
S i t z b . Akad. Hiss. math-nat. Wien, V. 98, p. 116, and Salin spp.
1889 Relation t o host: The mites l i v e behind the buds
Type of genus: Phyllocoptes carpini Nal.; Keifer, and a t the p e t i o l e bases, causing some s h r i v -
DCDA V . 27, p. 191, 1938 e l i n g of the t i s s u e .
C a l i f o r n i a record:
SACRAMENTO CO. : S c r a m n t o , X-22-1943 (HHK1
Phyllocoptes abaenus K. ( 2 5 - 3 )
P l a t e 25-3
Phyllocoptes cedri K. ( 2 5 - 5 )
Phyllocoptes abaenus Keifer, BCDA V . 29, p. 30, P l a t e 25-5
1940
Type l o c a l i t y : San hlateo Phyllocoptes cedri K e i f e r , BCDA V . 45, p. 41,
Type host: Prunus s p . , possibly Santa Rosa plum 1946
Relation t o host: These white mites a r e vagrants on Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
the under s i d e s of the leaves. Type host: Cedrus atlantica glauca C a r r . , glaucus
cedar
California records: Helation t o host: 'Ihe mites a r e vagrants on the
~ . : Sacramento, a-20-1944 (HHK)
% C B A M ~C O needles. They become mst abundant on f r e s h
SAN WTEO CO.: San hhteo, X-21-1939 (HHK) grwth.
SANTA CLARA CO. : Stanford campus, X-1939
(1.. A. Thompson) California record :
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, V-25-1944 (HHK)

Phyllocoktes adalins K. ( 2 5 - 2 )
P l a t e 25-2 Phyllocoptes dimorphus K. ( 2 5 - 4 )
P l a t e 25-4
Phyllocoptes adalius Keifer, BcDA V. 28, p. 487,
1939 Phyllocoptes dimorphus Keifer, BUM V. 29, p. 31,
Type l o c a l i t y : Berkeley 1940
Type host: Rosa sp., c u l t i v a t e d rose Type l o c a l i t y : Arrwhead Lake d i s t r i c t
Relation t o host: The mites a r e under surface l e a f Type host: Pteris aquilina Zanuginosa Borey,
vagrants. In addition t o the f o l l w i n g record, bracken
there is an undated one from San Francisco. Helation t o host: 'Ihe mites a r e f r e e - l i v i n g on
t h e under s i d e s of the fronds.
California record: Discussion: The males are smaller and of a darker
ALAMEDA 0. : Berkeley, VII-25-1939 (HHK) c o l o r than the females. This should be a most
i n s t r u c t i v e species t o study.
Phyllocoptes calirubi K. (25-7) California records:
P l a t e 25-7 EL CORAM) CO.: Twin Bridges, a-13-1947 (HHK)
Phyllocoptes calirubi Keifer, BcDA V. 27, p- 306, SAN BERIMDIN0 03. : Arrowhead bke d i s t r i c t ,
1938 M-16-1939 ("K)
Type l o c a l i t y : Clarksburg
Type host: Rubus vitifolius C. & S., n a t i v e black- Phyllocoptes fructiphilus K. ( 2 5 - 6 )
berry or dewberry P l a t e 25-6
Helation t o host: The m i t e s a r e f r e e - l i v i n g on the
under s i d e s of the leaves among the leaf h a i r s . Phyllocoptes fructiphilus K e i f e r , BCDA V. 29, p.
30, 1940
Type l o c a l i t y : Clarksburg
6.l i f ornia record: Type host: Rosa californica C. & S.
YOLO CO. : Clarksburg d i s t r i c t , VII-3-1938 (HHK) Relation t o host: 'Ihe mites l i v e around the peti-
o l e bases, but a l s o have the unusual h a b i t of
Phyllocoptes calisalicis K. ( 2 5 - 1 ) l i v i n g i n s i d e the f r u i t around the seeds.
P l a t e 25-1
Phyllocoptes calisalicis K e i f e r , BCDA V. 33, p. California records:
25, 1944 B U T T CO. : Wyandotte, XI-6-1942 (HHK)
52 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

YOLO co. : Clarksburg d i s t r i c t , XI-15-1939 Genus 27. Acarelliptus Keifer, 1940

(M. L. Jones)
h 1 . Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 29, p. 166, 1940
Type of genus: Acarelliptus cocciformis K.
Phyllocoptes gracilis (Nal.) (25-8)
P l a t e 25-8
Acarelliptus occidentalis K. (27-1)
Cecidophyes gracilis Nalepa, Anz. Akad. Wiss. P l a t e 27-1
math-nat. Wien, V. 27, p. 2, 1890
Eriophyes gracilis (Nal.), Marcellia V. 20, p. Acare liptus occidentalis Keifer, BCI)A V . 40, p.
, 1923 98 1951
Phyllocoptes parviflori Keifer, BCDA V. 28, p. Type ocality: Grass Valley d i s t r i c t
146, 1939 Type host: g e r c u s keIloggii Newb., black oak
Type l o c a l i t y : Austria Additional host: Quercus &rata Jepsm, scrub oak
Type host: Rubus idaeus L., raspberry Relation t o host: %se peculiar mites a r e f l a t
C a l i f o r n i a host: Rubus paruiflorus Nutt., thimble- and e l l i p t i c a l i n d o r s a l view. They c u r l the
berry caudal portion of t h e i r abdomen under and r e -
Cwrmon name: Blackberry leaf mite (approved) main motionless on t h e under s i d e s of the
Relation t o host: The m i t e s l i v e on the undersides leaves a f t e r the manner of s c a l e insect
of the leaves among the h a i r s , and a l s o on the crawlers, which they resemble i n shape i n a
f r u i t s . I n the latter place they cause prema- miniature way.
t u r e ripening and drying of t h e berries.
Discussion: The mite is northern i n d i s t r i b u t i o n C a l i f o r n i a records :
and on the P a c i f i c coast it does most of the NAPA CO.: Pope v a l l e y , X-28-1951 (HHK)
berry damage i n Washington. This species has NEVADA CO. : Grass Valley d i s t r i c t , IX-1-1952
been confused with Aceria essigi, the redberry (HHK 1
mite, but t h a t m i t e l i v e s under cover. With the SON(MA CD.: Occidental, M-3-1951 (HHK)
exception of the c o l l e c t i o n given below, the
California records a r e uncertain.
Genus 28. Cupacarus Keifer, 1943
C a l i f o r n i a record:
MARIN CO.: Stinson k a c h , VIII-13-1938 (HHK) Bul. Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 32, p. 215, 1943
Type of genus: Cupacarus cuprifestor K.

Genus 26. Caliphytoptus Keifer, 1938

Cnpacarzds caprifestor K. (28-1)
Bul. Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 27, p. 311, 193P P l a t e 28-1
Type of genus: Caliphytoptus quercilobatae Keifer
Cupacarus cuprifestor Keifer, EICM V. 32, p. 215,
1943
Caliphytoptus quercilobatae K. (26-1) Type l o c a l i t y : San Francisco
~ l a t e ' 2 61- Type host: Cupressus macrocarpa H a r t w . , Monterey
cypress
Caliphytoptus quercilobatae K e i f e r , BCDA V. 27, p. Relation to host: The mites a r e f r e e - l i v i n g around
311, 1938 the b r a c t - l i k e leaves on the green t w i g s .
Type l o c a l i t y : C j a i
Type host: Quercus lobata Nee, White oak C a l i f o r n i a records:
Relation t o host: The mites l i v e among the h a i r s MON'IEREY C O . : &rmel, VIII-1942 (HHK)
on the under s i d e s of the leaves. They n e s t l e SAN FRANCISCO C O . : !%n Francisco, XII-28-1942
against the veins and apparently remain i n one ("K)
position for long periods of time.

California record: Genus 29. Phyllocoptruta Keifer, 1938

VFN~IIIIIRAco.: O j a i , V-31-1938
- (H. Young)
Bul. &I. Dept. Agri. V. 27, p. 193, 1938
Type of genus: Phyl Zocoptruta oleivorus (Ashm. )
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 53

Phyllocoptricta oleiuorus (Ashm) (29-1) Platyphytoptus sabiizianae K. (30-1)

P l a t e 29-1 P l a t e 30-1

Typhlodromus oliioorus Ashmead, Can Ent. V. 11, p. Platyphtoptus sabinianae Keifer, BCDA V . 27, p.
160, 1879 188, 1938
Type l o c a l i t y : Florida Type l o c a l i t y : Oroville (Palermo)
Type host: Citrus sinensis (Ckb.), orange Type host: Pinus sabiniana Dougl., digger pine
Additional host: Citrus limonia (ab.
1, lemon Additional hosts: Pinus spp., including pon-
Comnon name: C i t r u s r u s t mite (approved) derosa Dougl.; radiata Don: pinea L., tor-
Relation t o host: This m i t e i n f e s t s orange (Citrus reyana Parry; tuberculata Gord. ; and
sinensis), lemon (Citrus linonia) and probably probably others
other members of the genus Citrus. Relation t o host: This m i t e is usually found i n
Discussion: The m i t e is widespread and probably oc- the needle sheaths i n company with Trisetacus
curs i n nearly every c i t r u s growing area i n the pini, but a t times it apparently comes out and
world t h a t is near enough t o Ocean influence. I n becomes f r e e - l i v i n g on the needles for a p r i -
C a l i f o r n i a the mite s h w s a southern c o a s t a l .od.
d i s t r i b u t i o n from Santa Barbara t o San Diego Discussion: This is a peculiar m i t e which is
Counties. It does not go inland t o any degree abundantly d i s t i n c t from any other species
and is never found on c i t r u s in the Sacramento now known. It apparently can l i v e on nearly
or San Joaquin Valleys. In Southern California any pine which has the r i g h t kind of needle
its Occurrence i n damaging numbers is sporadic sheath. The genus Platyphytoptus appears t o
north of Orange County. have its nearest a l l y i n Epitrimerus.

Ca 1i for n i a records : California records:

IMPERIAL CO. : Brawley, XII-27-1938 AMADOR CO.: Lumber Yard S t a t i o n , VIII-17-1947
(H. C. Liebert) (Nursery stock) ("K)
LOS ANGELES CO. : Glendora, Mf-20-1937 BUTTE CO. : Palermo, 1-23-1938 (HHK)
(L. E. Myers) RIVERSIDE CO. : Idylwild, X-9-1938 (HHK)
WNGE CO. : Lemon Heights, XI-4-1948 SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, X-7-1937 (HHK)
SAN DIEGO CO. : a u l a V i s t a , XII-26-1939
(J. 0. Brodeur)
SANTA BARBARA 0. : b n t e c i t o , X-20-1949 Genus 31. Callyntrottcs Nal., 1894
(W. S. Gmnings)
V ~ ? U R ACO.: County Hospital, 1-13-1949 Anz. Akad. Wiss. math-nat. Wien, V. 31, p. 71,
1894
Type of genus: Callyntrotus schlectendali Nal.;
Genus 30. PZutyphjtoptus Keifer, 1938 Keifer, E M V. 28, p. 234, 1939

Bul. Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 27, p. 188, 1938 Calljmtrotus scblectendali Nal. ( 3 1 - 1 )
Type of genus: Platyphytoptus sabinianae K. P l a t e 31-1

Cal lyntrotus schlectendali Nalepa, Anz. Akad.

Platyphytoptus multisternatus K . (30-2) Wiss. math-nat. Wien, V. 31, p. 71, 1894
P l a t e 30-2 Type l o c a l i t y : Austria
Type host: Rosa canina L.
Platyphytoptus multisternatus Keifer, BCDA V . 28, Comnon name: Hose r u s t mite
p. 146, 1939 Relation t o host: The m i t e s are vagrants on the
Type l o c a l i t y : P h i l l i p s under s i d e s of the leaves. They may cause some
Type host: Pinus murrayana h l f o u r , lodgepole pine r u s t i n g although the damage does not a t t r a c t
Discussion: These high mountain mites l i v e i n the a t t e n t i o n and no control has ever seemed nec-
needle sheaths. essary. The m i t e s leave c h a r a c t e r i s t i c white
s t r e a k s on the leaves which a r e the second
stage s k i n castings.
Ca 1i fornia record : Discussion: The species has a wide d i s t r i b u t i o n i n
EL M)RADO a).: P h i l l i p s near Camp Sacramento, California which t h e f o l l m i n g records hardly
VIII-24-1938 (HHK) show.
54 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

C a l i f o r n i a records: Discussion: There is some question a s t o the

LOS ANGELES CO.: Pasadena, VII-1-1938 proper placement of t h i s species. It is
(C. Gamnon) placed here because of the shallow troughs
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, VI-10-1039 (HHK) on the back, which condition is c h a r a c t e r i s -
SANTA C U R 4 CO.: San J o s e , X-16-1943 t i c of c e r t a i n Epitrimerus species.
(M. H. Bell)
YOLO CO.: Davis, 11-6-1039 (E. H. Fosen) C a l i f o r n i a record:
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, VIII-24-1939
(HHK)
Genus 32. Epitherus Nalepa, 1878
Epitrimerus cupressifoliae K . (32-7)
has T i e r r e i c h , V. 4 , p. 61, 1898
Type of genus: Eprtrrmerus gemmrcola ( N a l . ) ; P l a t e 32-7
Keifer, BCD(\ V . 27, p. 308, 1938
Discussion: The usual Epitrimerus species has a /?pitrimerus cupressifoliae K e i f e r , BCDA V. 41, p.
c e n t r a l longitudinal ridge, fading t o the 35, 1952
cauda, and flanked on each s i d e by a more or Type l o c a l i t y : k c i d e n t a l
less prominent l a t e r a l ridge. I n a few cases Type host: Cupressus sargentii Jepson, Sargent
(taxodii a s one example) there a r e two l a t e r a l cypress
undulations forming two l a t e r a l ridges on each Additional hosts: Cupressus macnabiana Murr.,
s i d e of the c e n t r a l ridge. This condition is McNab cypress: Juniperus californicus Carr.,
not adequately t r e a t e d i n the keys a t t h i s Cal. juniper
particular. writing and the d i s p o s i t i o n of spe- Relation t o host: ?he mites l i v e on the f r e s h
c i e s having i t must be reviewed. The genus shoots w h e r e they may develope i n considerable
Calacarus is s i m i l a r t o Epitrimerus i n back numbers.
s t r u c t u r e , but the beak and g e n i t a l f e a t u r e s , Discussion: No d i f f e r e n c e has been fmnd between
the cypress and the j u n i p e r populations, hence
a s well as the lack of d o r s a l s e t a e , make
Calacarus seem not too c l o s e l y r e l a t e d t o they are considered as the same species. The
lip i t r ime rus . cypress population, which is the type s e r i e s ,
is from Sonoma County. The juniper mites a r e
from M t . Giablo and South.
E/~itrimeriisabiefis K. (32-4)
P l a t e 32-4 California records:
CONTRA COSTA C O . : M t . Diablo, M-20-1951
Epitrimerus abietis Keifer, RCDA V . $1, p. 34, (HHK)
1052 NAPA CO.: Pope Valley, X-28-1951 (HHK)
RIVERSIDE CO. : P e n i s , VI-28-1946 (HHK)
Type l o c a l i t y : k'allen l e a f lake
T y p host: Abies concolor &G., white f i r SAN BEANARDINO CO.: Phelan d i s t r i c t , X-5-1951
h e l a t i o n t o host: The mites a r e vagrants on the (nnK )
new needles, but build up slowly and a r e only SONOMA CO. : k c i d e n t a l , IX-6-1951 (HHK)
common, i f a t a l l , i n the e a r l y f a l l .
Epitrimerus libocedri (K.) (32-8)
C a l i f o r n i a record:
P l a t e 32-8
EL DORADO CO.: Fallen b a f Lake E-12-1947
(HHK)
Platyphytoptus libocedri K e i f e r , BcDA V. 28, p.
486, 1939
Eliitrimerus czcpressi ( K . ) ( 3 2 - 5 ) Type l o c a l i t y : Paradise
P l a t e 32-5 Type host: Libocedrus decurrens T o r r . , Incense
cedar
Platyphytoptus cupressi K e i f e r , B D A V . 28, p. Helation t o host: The mites a r e f r e e - l i v i n g on the
485, 1939 green t i p s . While t h i s species probably has a
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento wide range with its h o s t , only the following
Type host: Cupressus semperuirens L . , I t a l i a n record is a v a i l a b l e a t the present.
cypress
Helation t o host: The mites lurk i n the crevices Cal i f ornia record:
formed by the s c a l e - l i k e leaves. BUlTE CO. : Paradise, VIII-30-1939 (HHK)
 THE ERIOPHYID MlTES OF CALIFORNIA 55

Epitrimertis psettdotsttgae K . (32-9) Discussion: Nalepas o r i g i n a l description and f i g -

P l a t e 32-9 ures d o not indicate t h e most noticeable f e a -
t u r e of the protogynes here i n California,
Epitrimerus pseudotsugae Keifer, FKDAv. 35, p. namely t h e l a t e r a l s h i e l d lobes. For t h a t rea-
42, 1946 son the above synonymy is not a t a l l c e r t a i n i n
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento the writers opinion.
Type host: Pseudotsuga taxifolia (Lamb.), Douglas
f i r , a Park tree California records:
Helation t o host: The mites a r e needle vagrants on LAKE CO. : Finley, VI-21-1937 (c. Stone)
the fresh g r w t h . This mite has a wide range PLACER CO. : Wiemar, VII-25-1932
with its host but only the f o l l w i n g data is (A. C. Frwne)
available a t t h i s writing. SACRAMENTO C O . : Sacramento, VI-2-1938 ( H H K )
SUTlER CO. : Riego, X-26-1940 ( H H K )
Ca 1i f ornia record: VENTURA CO. : - Q j a i , VII-20-1946
SACRAMmTO OD.: Sacramento, VIII-29-1944 YOm CO. : West Sacramento, VIII-12-1941
(K) ( S . Lockwood)
YUBA CO. : Marysville, VI-23-1942
( S . F. B i l e y )
Epitrimerus pteleae K. (32-2)
P l a t e 32-2
Epitriinerus sierribis K. (32-1)
Epitrimerus pteleae Keifer, v. 27, p. 308, P l a t e 32-1
1938
Type l o c a l i t y : Rodeo Epitrimerus sierribis Keifer, BCDA V . 28, p . 489,
Type host: Ptelea baldwini crenulata Jepson, hop 1939
tree Type l o c a l i t y : Baxters
Relation t o host: The m i t e s discolor the leaves Type host: Ribes neuadense Kell.
a f t e r the manner of t h e usual rust mite. Helation t o host: The mites a r e f r e e - l i v i n g on the
Discussion: The position of the d o r s a l tubercles under s i d e s of t h e leaves.
is not typical f o r Epitrimerus, but since
these tubercles have t h e i r long axis approx- California record:
imately parellel t o t h e length of t h e body t h e PLACER CO. : b x t e r s , VII-14-1939 ( H H K )
species is r e f e r r e d t o t h i s genus. The species
is probably deuterogynous. Epitrimerus taxodii (K.) (32-10)
P l a t e 32-10
C a l i f o r n i a records:
CONTRA CQSTA C O . : Rodeo, VI-29-1938; &. Platyphytoptus tarodti Keifer, BCDA V . 28, p. 486,
Diablo, Tx-20-1051 ( H H K ) 1939
Type l o c a l i t y : Berkeley
Type host: Tazodiun distichum Hich., bald cypress
Epitrimerzrs pyri (Nal.) (32-3) Helation t o host: The mites a r e f r e e - l i v i n g on the
P l a t e s 32-3; 32-3d needle sprays. They a r e rather waxy and leave
a c e r t a i n amount of d e t r i s on the needles.
Tegonotus pyri Nalepa, Anz. Akad. Niss. math-nat. Discussion: The o r i g i n a l tree from which the type
Wien, V. 28, p. 162, 18Sl specimens w e r e taken w a s on t h e University of
Epitrimerus pirifoliae Keifer, Bca4 V. 27, p. 309, California canpus a s h o r t distance north of the
library. This tree has now been removed. The
1938
mite has an undulating back surface, making it
Type l o c a l i t y : Austria
somewhat a t y p i c a l i n Epitrimerus, since there
Type host: Pyrus communis I.., pear
Comnon name: Pear r u s t m i t e (approved) a r e abovt f i v e longitudinal ridges.
Relation t o host: The mites are f r e e - l i v i n g on the 6.li fornia record:
under s i d e s of the leaves where they may cause ALAMEDA CO. : Berkeley, VII-20-1939
r u s t i n g i f numerous enough. The deutogynes usu-
a l l y appear i n t h e e a r l y sumner i n response t o Epitrimerzis trilobus (Nal.) (32-6)
the maturing of the leaves, s o t h e m i t e has a P l a t e s 32-6; 32-fd
tendency t o disappear a f t e r t h e s p r i n g f l a r e - Cecidophyes trilobus Nalepa, Anz. Akad. K i s s . m t h -
UP. n a t . Wien, V 27, p. 2 , 1890
56 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Type l o c a l i t y : Austria Calepitrimerits armatus (Can.) (33-7)

Type host: Sambucus nigra L., black e l d e r
C a l i f o r n i a host: Smbucus glauca Nutt. ; probably Phyllocoptes ( ? ) araatus C a n e s t r i n i , A t t i SOC.
others Veneto-Trent. V. 12, p. 23, 1890
Relatipn t o host: lhe mites l i v e on the leaves Calepitrimerus armatus (Can.) k i f e r , BCDA V . 31,
where they o f t e n cause y e l l w i n g a d c u r l i n g or p. 122. 1942.
s t u n t i n g of t h e terminal l e a f l e t s . Type l o c a l i t y : I t a l y
Discussion: The primary types have wax s t r i p e s Type host: Crataegus o x y c m t h a L . , hawthorne
along the top of each d o r s a l ridge. Since the Relation t o hast: The m i t e s a r e under surface
deutogynes have n e i t h e r r i d g e s nor stripes this vagrants, producing some browning on the
is one of the better species i n which t o ob- leaves. The species is deuterogyncus.
s e r v e deuterogyny. Nalepa (1924) has designated
v a r i e t i e s t o take c a r e of host-plant r e l a t i o n - California record:
ships. SAN MAIEO C O . : Burlingame, V-24-1941 (HHK)

C a l i f o r n i a records:
RIVERSIDE CO.: Riverside, mII-16-1942
Calepitrimerus baileyi K. (33-4)
(F. R. P l a t t )
SACRAMENTO 0. : Sacramento, M-2-1943 ( H H K ) P l a t e 33-4; 33-4d
VENTUR4 C O . : Santa Paula, VIII-30-1940 (HHK)
YOLO CO.: r)avis, M-22-1941 ( H M O Calepitrirnerus b a i l e y i K e i f e r , BCDA V . 27, p. 310,
1938 (protogyne)
Phyllocoptes aphrastus Keifer, BCDA V . 29, p. 29,
Genus 33. Calepitrimerus Keifer, 1938 1940 (deutogyne)
Type l o c a l i t y : Davis
hl. Cal. b p t . Agr. V. 27, p. 310, 1938 Type host: Pyrus malus L., apple
Type o f genus: Calepitrirnerus cariniferus K. Comnon name: Baileys apple r u s t mite
Relation t o host: The m i t e s l i v e on the under
s i d e s of the leaves among the h a i r s , causing
Calepitrimerus auatis K. (33-3) s l i g h t brmning t o the l e a f surface. he
P l a t e 33-3 deutogynes hibernate around the buds j u s t
back of the terminal bud.
Calepitrirnerus anatis Keifer, EKDA V. 39, p. 31
1940 California records:
Type l o c a l i t y : Camp Sacramento MONTEREY CO.: S a l i n a s , VI-6-1944
Type host: Amlanchier alnifolia Nutt., western (W. H. Lange)
serviceberry PLACER CO.: Auburn, VI-22-1944 (F. Clark)
Helation t o host: The m i t e s a r e l e a f vagrants, SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, VI- 10- 1946
favoring the under s i d e s of the leaves. NU- (H. L. McKenzie)
mrous deutogynes occur i n these pcpulatims. YOLO CO.: k, VI-24-1938 (S. F. Bailey)
BUITE C O . : Magalia, X-30-1939 (HHK)
C a l i f o r n i a records :
E L M)WW CO. : camp Sacramento, D(-10-1939
(HHK)
SHASTA CO. : Old S t a t i o n , VIII-9-1948 ( H H K )
Calepitrinierr4s cariniferiis K. (33-5)
Plate 33-5

Calepitrimerrrs apidropogoriis K. (33-2) Calepitrirnerus cariniferus Keifer, V 27, p.

P l a t e 33-2 310, 1938
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
Calepitrirnerus andropogonis K e i f e r , BCDA V. 33, Type host: Artemisia heterophyl la N u t t . , worm-
p. 27, 1944 wood
Type l o c a l i t y : Hyandotte Helation t o host: The m i t e s a r e vagrants, favoring
Type host: Andropogon sp., a coarse g r a s s the upper s i d e of the leaves.
Helation t o host: The mites a r e vagrants on the
leaves. Ca1i for n i a records :
California record: S A W M E N T O CO. : Sacramento, VI-20-1938 ( H H K )
BUTTE CO. : Hyandotte, Oroville d i s t r i c t , XI- SUITER CO.: Wheatland, 1944 ( H H K )
6-1942 ( H H K )
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 57

Calepitrimerus umbellulariae K. (33-1) Type l o c a l i t y : Mmntains w e s t of Indio, Anza d i s -

P l a t e 33-1 tr ict
Type host: Nolina parryi Wats.
Calepitrimerus unbellulariae Keifer, BCDA V . 28, Relation t o host: The m i t e s are f r e e - l i v i n g on the
p. 336, 1939 ycunger leaves.
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
Type host: Chnbellularia californica Nutt., Cal- California record:
i f o r n i a bay (a park t r e e ) RIVERSIDE CO.: Anza d i s t r i c t , X-10-1938 (HHK)
Relation t o host: The m i t e s are f r e e - l i v i n g on the
t i p s and e s p e c i a l l y on the flower stems and
buds. The surface p i l e affords the mites some DIPTILOMIPINI
protection.
Discussion: This mite is d i s t i n c t from a l l de- Genus 35. Asetacus Keifer, 1952
cribed species mainly by the produced finger-
l i k e dorsal tubercles. Bul. Cal. Dept. A g r . V. 41, p. 36, 1952
Type of genus: Asetacus rnadronae K.
California records:
SACRAMWIU CO. : Stcramento, V-5-1939 (HHK)
SAN MAlEO CO. : Redwood city,
VII-5-1950
Asetacus madronae K. (35-1)
P l a t e 35-1
(Edwards
SONOMA CO. : Camp Meeker, IX-6-1951 (HHK)
Asetacus madronae Keifer, V. 41, p. 36, 1952
Type l o c a l i t y : ~ C M ' S Mills
Calepitrimerus vitis (Nal.) (33-6) Type host: Arbutus nenziesii Pursh., mdrone
P l a t e 33-6; 33-6d E l a t i o n t o host: The mites a r e f r e e - l i v i n g on the
leaves, favoring the lower surface.
Epitrimerus vitis Nalepa, Anz. Akad. Wiss. math-
n a t . Wen, V. 42, p. 445, 1905 California records:
Phyllocoptes vitis Nalepa, Am. Akad. Wiss. math- SANTA CRUZ CO.: Laurel d i s t r i c t , VI-24-1942
nat. Wien, V. 42, p. 268, 1905 (deutogyne ?) ("K)
Type l o c a l i t y : Austria (?) Duncan's Mills, M-4-1951 (HHK)
S(r(Ob(A 0.:
Type host: Vi tis vinifera L., grape
Comnon name: Grape r u s t m i t e
Relation t o host: The mites l i v e on the under Genus 36. Quadracus Keifer, 1944
s i d e s of the leaves. In California the spe-
c i e s is strongly deuterogynous.
hl. Cal. I k p t . Agr. V. 33, p. 30, 1944
California records: Type of genus: Gadracus urticarius ( a M . )
NAPA CO. : Yountville, X-6-1944
(L. M. Smith)
P L A m R CO. : Roseville, VIII-22-1951 (Riolo) Quadracus urticarius (C. & M.) (36-1)
SAN BEFNARDINO CO. : Cucamonga, 11-3-1944 P l a t e 36-1
(H. B. Korsmeier)
!?ANTA CRUZ C O . : vine H i l l , VIII-10-1944 (WK) Phyllocoptes urticarius Cenestrini and Massalongo,
W m w a.: Orasi, VII-9-1940 Bul. Soc. Veneto-Trent,, V. 5, p. 152, 1893
(J. B. Steinweden) (hradracus urticae L i f e r , BCDA V. 33, p. 30, 1944:
YOLO CO. : Broderick d i s t r . , X-8-1941 (HHK) Roivainen, Acta Fnt. Fen. #7, p. 43, 1950
Rhynacaphytoptus urticarius (c&M) Roivainen, Acta
Eht. Fen. W , p. 64, 1951
Genus 34. Acamilza Keifer, 1944 Type l o c a l i t y : I t a l y
Type host: Urtica dioica L., n e t t l e
Bul. Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 33, p. 29, 1944 California host: Urtica gracilis holosericea Jepson
Type of genus: A c m i n a nolinae (K. ) Relation t o host: The m i t e s l i v e among the hairs on
the under s i d e s of the leaves.
Acamina nolinae ( K . ) (34-1)
P l a t e 34-1 Ca 1i f ornia records :
KERN co.: Fort Tejon, XI-20-1951 ("IO
Calepitrimrus nolinae L i f e r , BCDA V. 28, p. 151, S A C R A ~ ~ M TCO.:
O Sacramento, VIII-8-1943 (HHK)
1939
58 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Genus 37. Rhyncaphytoptus Keifer, 1939 s t r e a k s on the leaf surface. R. megarostris is

deuterogynous with the deutogynes hibernating
B u l . Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 28, p. 149, 1939 i n bark crevices. This mite apparently is a l s o
Type of genus: Rhyncaphytoptus f i c i f o l i a e K. common on Quercus douglasii H a . , and perhaps
durata, but these hosts are yet t o be inves-
t i g a ted.
Rhyncaphytoptus acilius K . (37-8)
P l a t e 37-8 California records:
SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, M-9-1943 (HHK)
Rhyncaphytoptus a c i l i u s Keifer, B U M V . 28, p. 491, SAN MATEO CO. : Atherton, 111-1-1951
1939 VENmfitf CO. : O j a i , V-31-1938 (H. Young)
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento YOLO C o . : B r d y i c k d i s t r i c t , X-8-1941
Type host: Salir l a s i o l e p i s Penth., PUSSY w i l l o w (S. F. Bailey)
Helation t o host: The mites a r e f r e e - l i v i n g on the
leaves. They occur on branches where a l l of the
leaves show an abnormal amount of h a i r on the Rhyncaphytoptus platani K. (37-1)
under surfaces. This condition of the leaves is
P l a t e 37-1
not apparent a t a short distance. Whether or
not it is due t o the a c t i v i t i e s of the mite
Rhyncaphytoptus platan1 Keifer, BCDA V . 28, p.
population has not been determined.
230, 1939
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
Cali fornia record :
Type host; Platanus s p . , a hybrid s t r e e t t r e e ,
Or ien t a 1 plane ''
: Sacramento,
SACRAMENTO 0. VIII-8-1939 (HHK)
Additional host: Platanus racemosa Nutt.,
sycamore
Rhyzzacaphytoptus ficifoliae K. (37-7) Common name: Big-baked sycamore mite
P l a t e 37-7 Helation t o host: The mites a r e under surface
leaf vagrants. They a r e s a i d t o cause leaf
Rhyncaphytoptus f i c i f o l i a e Keifer, Ba)A V. 28, p. brming.
150, 1939
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacremento California records:
Type host: Ficus sp. (caricaL.?), f i g , both black ALAMEDA CO. : k r k e l e y , VTII-19-1942
and white (R. H. Smith)
Comnon name: Big-beaked f i g leaf mite LOS A N G E L S CO. : Los h g e l e s , VII-1941
Relation t o host: The m i t e s l i v e among the h a i r on (?3. H. Smith)
the under surfaces of the leaves. RIEfsIDE CO. : Riverside, XI-19-1941
(L. D. Bechelor)
California records : SA(RAMENM CO.: Sacramento, VTI-22-1938
SACRAMIWTO CO.: Sacramento, M-7-1938 (HHK) (HHK)
SAN JOAQUIN C O . : Stockton, X-26-1943 VE"IUFU\ C O . : Fillmore, VIII-30-1940 (HHK)
(Griswold)
SCLANO CO. : F a i r f i e l d , VIII-26-1939 (HHK)

Rhyncaphytoptus salicifoliae K. (37-5)

Rhyizacaphytoptus megarostris ( K . ) (37-2) P l a t e 37-5
P l a t e 37-2
Rhyncaphytoptus s a l i c i f o l i a e Keifer, BCDA V . 28,
Phyllocoptes megarostris Keifer, BCDA V . 27, p. p. 230, 1939
305, 1938 Type l o c a l i t y : Emigrant Gap
Type l o c a l i t y : Ojai Type host: S a l k s i t c h e n s i s angustifolia Ekbb.
Type host: Q e r c u s lobata Nee, Valley White oak Relation t o host: The mites a r e under surface leaf
Helation t o host: The mites a r e f r e e - l i v i n g on vagrants, The species is deuterogynous.
the under s i d e s of the leaves.
Discussion: A s i n some of the other species of California record:
t h i s type of mite, the younger forms t e a r pul- PLACER CO.: Emigrant Gap d i s t r i c t , M-20-1938
verulent wax. Their c a s t skins leave white (HHK1
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 59

on the leaves promptly died, and it was nec-

Rhyncaphytoptus spinifera K. (37-4) essary t o use seedlings from the seeds of
P l a t e 37-4
t r e e s which harbored the mite before i t was
possible t o r e a r c u l t u r e s of ulmivagrans.
Rhyncaphytoptus spinifera Keifer, B O A V. 28, p. The deutogyne of ulmiuagrms is remarkable in
230, 1939
having a broad f l a t beck; t h a t is, the edges
Type l o c a l i t y : Fred's Place above Hiverton
of the t e r g i t e s a r e transversely s t r a i g h t for
Type host: Q e r c u s kelloggii Newb., black oak
about 2/3 of the aMomina1 length. "his would
Relation t o host: The mites are under surface leaf
be a good generic character, and is t o t a l l y
vagrants unlike the evenly curved back of the protogyne.
Rhyncaphytoptus fagifoliae K., on beech i n
California records: Virginia, may possibly be a close r e l a t i v e of
EL DOMW CO.: Fred's Place, VIII-24-1938 ulmiuagrans since a deutogyne collected on
(HHK) beech i n Virginia is almost i d e n t i c a l in form
NEVADA CO.: Grass Valley d i s t r i c t , VII-26-
t o the deutogyne of ulmivagrans.
1940 (HHK) I t might eventually be possible to use t h i s
remarkable deutogyne i n a generic sense, and
Rhyncaphytoptus strigutus IS. (37-3) r e s u r r e c t Abacoptes.
The l i f e h i s t o r y of t h i s e l m m i t e , ulmiuagrans,
Plate 37-3
is unusual, due to the influence of deuterogyny.
The deutogynes hibernate along the t w i g s , t h e i r
Rhyncaphytoptus strigatus Keifer, BCDA V. 28, p.
f l a t backs being their protection. They a r e
228, 1939
slow t o break hibernation i n the s p r i n g and no
Type l o c a l i t y : Davis
appreciable population of t h i s mite develops on
Type host: Acer negundo californicum Sarg., box-
the leaves much before the middle of June. The
elder
mites then f l o u r i s h u n t i l the middle of August,
Relation t o host: The mites a r e f r e e - l i v i n g on the
when the f u l l energy of the species is used up
under s i d e s of the leaves
i n the production of deutogynes. The m i t e s then
disappear f o r the season, having been able t o
California record :
u t i l i z e less than half the leaf period of t h e i r
YOLO CO.: LX-24-1938 ( H H K )
host .

Rhyncaphytoptm ulmivagram K. (37-6) C a l i f o r n i a records :

P l a t e 37-6; 37-6d ALAMEDA CO : Piedmont, VI-30-1941
(F. B. Herbert)
Rhyncaphytoptus ulmivagrans Keifer, BCDA V . 28, p. SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, VI-26-1939 (HHK)
420, 1939
Abacoptes platynus Keifer, B U M V. 28 P. 491, 1939
( t h e deutogyne 1 Genus 38. Rhynacus Keifer, 1951
Rhyncaphytoptus rugatus Liro, Ann. Zool. SOC.zoo-
bot. Fen. Vanamo V. 8 , p. 45, 1941 ( t h e hl. Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 40, p. 98, 1951
deutogyne, Finland) Type of genus: Rhynacus arctostaphyzi ( K . )
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
Type host: U l m s campestris L., e l m Rbyrzacrss abronius (K.) (38-2)
A d d i t i o n a l host: U l m pumila L., Asiatic e l m P l a t e 38-2
Helation t o host: The m i t e s are f r e e - l i v i n g on the
underside of the leaves. No damage has ever Diptilomiopus abrmius Keifer, BcaA V . 28, p. 492,
been observed. 1939
Discussion: That t h i s species was brought t o Cal- Type l o c a l i t y : San Francisco
i f o r n i a on its host is shown by the European Type host: Rubus uitifolius as., native blackberry
record i n Finland. h e l a t i o n t o host: The m i t e s l i v e among the h a i r s
Not a l l elm w i l l support this m i t e . The on the under s i d e s of the leaves.
w r i t e r attempted t o rear these mites on
seedling t r e e s from large-leaf European e l m - Ca 1i fornia records :
type t r e e s which never had a population of SAN FRANCISCO 00,: San Francisco, VIIT-20-
t h i s m i t e . In a l l c a s e s the mites i n the c e l l s 1939 (HHK)
60 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

SAN MATW CO. : Tunitas Canyon, XI-22-1940 v.

Wiss. m t h - n a t . Wien, 29, p. 191, 1892
(W. H. L n g e ) Epitrimerus gigantorhynchus (Nal. 1, Denks. Akad.
SONOMA CD.: Duncan's Mills, M-4-1951 (HHK) Wiss. niath-nat, Wien, V. 64, p. 392, 1896
Diptilomiopus prunorutn Keifer, B(DA V. 28, p. 149,
1939
Rhynacus arctostaphyli (K.) (38-1) Rhyncaphytoptus gigantorhynchus p a l . 1 Liro, Ann.
P l a t e 38-1 Zool. SOC.zool-bot. Fen. Vanamo, V. 9, p. 40,
1943
Diptilomiopus arctostaphyli Keifer, BCDA V. 27, p. T ,v-~ el o c a l i t v : Austria
305, 1938 Type host: Prunus domestica L . , prune
Type l o c a l i t y : hilt. Tanialpais Additional hosts: Amygdalus persica L., peach;
Type host: Arctostaphylos s p . , manzanita Prunus s p . , plum; Rubus vitifolius a s . , black-
h e l a t i o n t o host: The m i t e s l i v e on the under berry; Prunus trilobus Lindl., fluwering a l -
s i d e s of the second year leaves where the nat- mond; Vitis californica Benth., native grape
u r a l v i s c i d i t y has largely disappeared. Comnon name: Big-beaked plum mite
Relation t o host: ?he mites a r e vagrants on the
California record: under s i d e s of the leaves. They m y develope i n
MARIN CO. : M t . Tanialpais, south-west ridge, considerable numbers a s t h e season advances,
VII-4-1938 (HHK) but they do not seem t o cause much injury t o
t h e i r hosts in s p i t e of the big beak. The spe-
c i e s appears t o have a functional deutcgyne,
Genus 39. Diptacus Keif er, 1951 but there is no s t r u c t u r a l indication of it.
The deutogynes hibernate i n bark crevices.
Bul. Cal. Dept. Agr. V. 40, p. 99, 1951 Discussion: The s h o r t dorsal s e t a e niake t h i s spe-
Type of genus: Diptacus sacramentae (K.) c i e s rather anomalous i n Diptacus.
Nalepa o r i g i n a l l y indicated the featherclaw
Diptacus calicoryli ( K . ) (39-3) of gigantorhynchus as 2-rayed. After deter-
P l a t e 39-3 mining t h a t the California forms had a 5-rayed
divided featherclaw, the w r i t e r described them
Diptilomiopus calicoryli Keifer, BCDA V. 32, p. a s a new species. Recently the w r i t e r s e n t Cal-
216, 1943 i f o r n i a specimens t o Dr. Roivainen, in Finland,
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento and he states t h a t the European m i t e s a l s o
Type host: Corylus rostrata californica A . , have t h i s 5-rayed divided featherclaw. The
haze h u t above indicated synonymy should therefore be
Relation t o host: The mites a r e vagrants on the correct.
under surfaces of the leaves.
Discussion: 'Zhese m i t e s develope a considerable 6.lif orn i a records :
amount of white flocculent wax so t h a t they EL WRADO CO. : P l a c e r v i l l e , M-16-1940
appear t o be e i t h e r smll mealybugs or mealy- (F. B. Herbert)
bug debris. The shrubs from which the type KERN CO. : , -W XII-2-1940 ( G . L. Smith)
series originated g r e w i n the south-east cor- LAKE CO.: Kelseyville, VIII-15-1939
ner of Capitol Park. These plants have now (S. Lockwood)
been removed and the nearest location t o S c - P I A m CO. : Auburn, M-16-1938
ramento where t h i s mite nuw occurs is 75 t o SACRAMENTO CO. : Sacramento, VIT-26-1938 (HHK)
100 miles west. SANTA CLARA CO.:' Gilroy, VII-10-1940
(A. W. Apple)
California records: =ITER CO. : Tudor, VIII-20-1942
SACRAMEWIU CO. : Sacramento, VII-29-1943 ( H H K ) VENTURA CO. : Santa Faula, VIII-31-1940 (HHK)
SANTA CRUZ C O . : Laurel d i s t r i c t , VI-24-1942
WHK ) Diptacus sucrameiztue (K.) (39-2)
SONMA CO. : camp hkeker, M-6-1951 (HHK) P l a t e 39-2

Diptacus gigant orbyizcbtls (Nal.) (39- 1) Diptilomiopus sacramentae Keifer, BcaA V. 28, p.
P l a t e 39-1 232, 1939
Type l o c a l i t y : Sacramento
Phy I locoptes gigantorhynchus Nalepa, Anz. Akad. Type host: Alnus rhornbifolia Nutt., white a l d e r
 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY 61

Additional host: A l m s tenuifolia N u t t . , mountain have recently been removed, including t h i s a l -

a lde r d e r tree.
Helation t o host: The mites a r e under surface leaf The r e l a t i o n s h i p t h a t t h i s m i t e bears t o the
vagrants. Their white flocculent wax makes them European dipterochelus Nal. should be inves-
appear very s i a i l a r t o D. calicoryli. tigated. Our California species ranges from
Discussion: The species is deuterogynous, and the about sea level t o over 7000 f e e t elevation.
figure is of t h e deutogyne. The back of the
protogyne i s covered with a mass of waxy California records:
strands. In the case of the deutogyne t h e wax EL WRAm CO.: Fallen Leaf Lake, M-13-1951
assumes a regular pattern. ("K 1
?he tree from which t h e original specimens NAPA a>. : c h i l e s , VI-5-1952 (HHK)
came g r e w i n t h e California s e c t i o n of Capitol SACRAMMTO CO. : Sacramento, X-31-1938 ( H H K ) ;
Fark. Many of these native shrubs and trees Folsm, VIII-18-1951 (HHK)
 Bibliography

A s h a d , W. F. Keifer, H. H.
1879. Orange H u s t & s t i o n Solved. Canadian 1939. Eriophyid Studies V. Bul. Cal. Dept.
Entomologist, 11:160. A s . , 28: 328-45.
Bailey, S. F. and Keifer, H. H. Keifer, H. M.
1943. The Tomato Russett M i t e . Jour. Ec. Ent., 1939. Eriophyid Studies VI. tpul. Cal. Qpt.
36: 706-712 Am., 28~416-26.
Ebker, E. W. and Wharton, G. VI.' Keifer, HT H.
1952. An Introduction to Acarology. LcMillan 1939. Eriophyid Studies MI. Bul. Cal. Dept.
CO. 465 pp. A s . , 28: 484-505.
(Eriophyidae,pp. 147- 158) Keifer, H. H.
Banks, N. 1940. Eriophyid Stdies -11. 3111.6 1 . Dept.
1905. A T r e a t i s e on the Acarina or Mites. hoc. A p . , 29:21-46.
U. S. N. Mus., 28:lOl-106. Keifer.
-~ ~~ H. H.
Banks, N. 1 9 4 . Eriophyid Studies M. Bul. Cal. Dept.
1905. Cecidobia salicicola, new genus and spe- Agr., 29: 112-117.
c i e s . Proc. Ent. SOC. kash., 7:141-2. Keifer, H. H.
Banks, N. 1940. Eriophyid Studies X. Bul. Cal. Dept.
1907. A Catalog of the Acarina or Mites of the Agr. , 29: 160- 79.
United States. Roc.U. S. N. Mus., 32: Keifer, H. H.
620-2 1. 1941. Eriophyid Studies XI. wI1. Cal. Qpt.
Banks, N. Agr., 30: 196-216.
1915. 'Ihe Acarina or Mites. U. S. Dept. of Agr. K e i f e r , H. H.
ReDort #108: 134-39. 1942. Eriophyid Studies XII. hl. Cal. b p t .
~a tche l o r , 'G. S. k r . , 31: 117-129.
1952. Ihe Eriophyid Mites of the S t a t e of Wash- Keifer, HY Hi
ington. Washington Agr. Exp. Sta. Tech. 1943. Eriophyid Studies XIII. Bul. C 1. rJept.
Bul. #ti, April. Ap., 32~212-222.
h e a k y , E. P. and Betchelor, G. S. K e i f e r , H. H.
1951. Phyllody of ChrysantheRum and the Erio- 1944. Eriophyid Studies XIV. &1. & aept. .
phyid m i t e , Paraphytoptus chrysantheri. A s . , 33: 18-36.
Arm. Ent. soc. Am., 43:492. Keifer, H. H.
Essig, E. 0. 1945. Eriophyid Studies XV. Bul. Cal Dept.
1926. Insects of Western North America. Mac- Am.. 34: 137-40.
Millan GI.1035 DD. Keifer, Hu HI
(Eriophyidae pp.' i3-50) 1946. Eriophyid Studies XVI. wI1. Cal. Dept.
F e l t . E. P. Am., 35:39-48.
1 b . Eriophyes fraziniflora n. sp. Mem. #8, K e i f e r , HT Hi
N. Y. State Mus., 2:633. 1946. A heview of North American Eriophyid Mites.
Hassan, Ahmed S. Jour. Ec. Ent., 39:563-70.
1928. Biology of the Eriophyidae. U. C. publ. Keifer, H. H.
i n Ent. 4:341-394.
~
1951. Eriophyid Studies M I . h1. Cal. Dept.
Hodgkiss, H. E. Agr., 40:93-104.
1930. Eriophyidae of Neat York: Ihe Maple Mites. Keifer, H. H.
N. Y. Aer. EXD. Sta. Tech. Bul. #163.
0 1952. Eriophyid Studies XVIII. hl.Cal. b p t .
Keifer, H. H. k . .41~31-42.
1938. Eriophyid Studies. hl. Cal. Dept. Agr., Keifer, HT Hi
27: 181-206. 1952. Eriophyid Studies X M . hl.Cal. Ikpt.
Keifer, H. H. ~ g,-. 4i: 65-74.
1938. Eriophyid Studies 11. Bul. Cal. k p t . Leonard, M. D.
Agr. , 27~301-323. 1926. A List of Insects of New York (Eriophyid
Keifer, H. H. s e c t i o n ) . Cornel1 Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta.
1939. Eriophyid Studies 111. Bul. Cal. Dept. Mem. # 101:1076-78.
Agr., 28: 144-162. Liro, J. I. and Roivainen. H.
Keifer, H. Hi 1951. Eriophyidae (of Finland, in Finnish).
1939. Eriophyid Studies IV. Ehl. Cal. Dept. Animalia Fennica 6, Helsinki. 281 pp-
A g r . , 28:223-39.

62
 0

THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 63

Nalepa, A. Putman, I. L.
1890. Zur Systematic der Gdllmilben. Sitzb. Akad. 1939. The Plum Nursery Mite. Seventh Annual Hpt.
Wiss. math-nat. Wien, 89:23. Ent. SOC. &It. p. 33.
Kalepa, A. Hoivainen, H.
1898. Acarina: Eriophyidae. Das T i e r r e i c h , 1951. Contribution t o the h w l e d g e of the
Fourth Issue. Eriophyids of Finland. Acta Ent. Fen.
Kalepa, A. #8:28.
1910. Gallmilben. Zoologica, S t u t t g a r t , Heft 61. Hyder, John A.
Kalepa, A. 1878. A Protable new species of Fhytoptus or
1923. Polymorphe Eriophyiden. Marcellia, 20: 87. Gallmite. Amrican N a t u r a l i s t , 13:704-5.
Kalepa, A. Smith, L. M. and Stafford, E. M.
1925. Zur Kenntnis d e r auf einheimischen 1948. The awimite and t h e Erineum Mite of Grapes.
Pomacean und Amygdalen lebenden Eriophyes- Hilgardia (U. C. Berkeley), 18: 317-34.
a r t e n . Marcellia, 22:62. Snodgrass, ti. E.
Nalepa, A. 1948. 'Ihe Feeding Organs of the Arachnida, in-
1929. Neuer Katalog der bisher beschriebenen cluding Mites and Ticks. Smiths. Misc.
Gallmilben, i h r e r Gallen und Wirtspflantzen. Gill. 110: $10
Marcellia, 25: 67.

i
 #

Host Index
Abies concolor (Pinaceae), 5 Ceanothus velutinus (Rhamnaceae), 5,
Abies mgnifica (Piclaceae) , 5 Cedrus a t l a n t i c a elauca (Finaceae), 5
Acer glabrum (Aceracae), 9 Celery, see Apium-
Acer mcrophyllwn (Aceraceae) , 9 Cercis occidentalis (J..eguminosae . 8
Acer negundo californicum (Aceraceae), 9 Cercocarpus l e d i f o l i u s (Pasaceae , 7
Aesculus californicus ( H i p p a s t a n a c e a e ) , 9 Chaparral broan, see Baccharis
Alder, see Alnus Cherry, see Prunus
A l fa1 f a , see hkdicago Christmas terry, see Photinia
4llenrolfea occidentalis (Chenapodiaceae), 7 Chrysanthemum sp. fConpositae), 0
A l l i u m satinun ( L i l i a c e a e ) , 5 Chrysopsis oregana (Compos i t a e 1, 10
A l l i u m cepa ( L i l i a c e a e ) , 5 Cinnaminnum camphora (Lauraceae) , 7
Almond, see Pmygdalus C i t r u s limonia (ttutaceae) , R
Alnus r h d i f o l i a (Betulaceae), 6 Citrus sinensis (riutaceae), 8
Alnus rubra ( k t u l a c e a e ) , 6 Coffee berrv. see Ehamnus
Alnus tenuifolia (Hetulaceae), 6 , e

Cornus californica (Cornaceae), 9

Aloe spinossissima ( L i l i a c e a e ) , 6 Cornus glabrata (Lornaceae), Q

Ambrosia psilostachya (Conpositae), 10 (,ornus n u t t a l l i (Cornaceae), 0

Amelanchier a l n i f o l i a (Hosaceae) , 7 Corylus avellana ( k t u l a c e a e ) , 6
Amygdalus c m n i s (Hosaceae), 7 Corylus r o s t r a t a c a l i f o r n i c a (betulaceae), 6
Amygdalus persica (!?osaceae), 7 Cottonwood, see Fopulus
Andropogon sp. (Graminae), 5 Cotyledon caespitosa (Crassulaceae) , 7
Apium graviolens (Ihnbelliferae), 9 Crataegus s p . thasaceae) , 7
Apple, %us Creosote bush, see Larrea
Arbutus menziesii (Ericaceal 1, 10 Cupressus macnabiana (Cupressaceae) , 5
Arbutus unido (Ericaceae), ,O Cupressus macrocarpa (Cupressaceae) , 5
Arceuthobium campylopodium (Loranthaceae) , ? Cupressus s a r g e n t i i (Cupressaceae) , 5
Arctostaphylos spp. (Lricaeae), 10 Cupressus semprvirens (Cupressaceae) , 5
Artemisia californica (Conpositae), 10 Currant, see t--ibes
Artemisia dracunculus (Compositae), 10 Cynara scolymus (Cmpositae), 11
Artemisia heterophylla (Compositae), 10 Cypress, see Cupressus
Artichoke, see Cynara lhucus carota Kmbelliferae), 9
Ash, see Fraxinus ljesert peach, see rrunus
Avocado, see Persica Dianthus sp. (Caryophyllaceae) , 7
Azalea, see Hhododendron Diospyros kaki (Fbenaceae), 1@
Baccharis emoryi (Compositae), 10 lbgwood, see Cornus
k c c h a r i s glutinosa (Conpositae), 10 Douglas f i r , see Pseudotsuga
f'accharis p i l u l a r i s (Compositae), 10 Elder, see Samhucus
baccharis viminea (Canpositae), 10 Elm, see U l m u s
Fald Cypress, see Taxodium L'lymus t r i t i c o i d e s (Gramhael, 5
Rarberry, see hrleris Fmcelia c a l i f o r n i c a (Compositae), 11
Berberis californica (Ekrberidaceae) , 7 E r i c a m r i a e r i c o i d e s (Canfositae) , 11
B i t t e r cherry, see F'runus Ericameria p i n i f o l i a (Conpositae), 11
blackberry, see Rubus Eriobotrya japonica (tbsaceae), 7
Haxelder, see Acer Eriodictyon crassifolium (Ifydrophyllac;eae), 10
Boxwood, see b u s Lriophyllwn staechadifoliwn (Canpositae), 11
Boysenberry, see hubus Euonymus s p . (Celas traceae) , 9
Bracken , see F'teris False heather, s e e Ericameria
t?rickellia c a l i f o r n i c a (Compositae), 10 Feijoa s e l l w i a n a (Myrtaceae), 9
h c k e y e , see Aesculus Ficus sp. (hloraceae) , 7
Buxus sempervirens (Hotaceae), 8 F i l b e r t , s e e Corylus
Cactus, see Opuntia F i r , s e e Abies
California l a u r e l , see Unbellularia Flannel bush, see Fremontia
Camellia japonica ("heaceae), 9 F l w e r i n g almnd, see Frunus
Camphor, see Cinmmmomum Fraxinus d i p e t a l a (Oleaceae) , 10
Carex barbarae (Cyperaceae 1, 5 Fraxinus oregona (Oleaceae), 10
Carnation, see Dianthus Fremontia c a l i f o r n i c a (Sterculiaceae) , 9
Carrot, see h u c u s G a r l i c , see A l l i u m
Ceanothus cordula tus (Hhamnaceae ) , 9 Grape , see V i t i s
Ceanothus cuneatus (Phamnaceae) , 9 Haplopappus venetus (Canpositae), 11
64
 45
THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA

Hazelnut, see Corylus Finus pinea (Pinaceae), 5

Hawthorne, see Crataegus Pinus ponderosa (Pinaceae) , 5
Hedera helix (Araliaceae), 9 Pinus radiata (Pinaceae), 5
Hemlock, see Tsuga Pinus sabiniana (Pinaceae) , 5
Heterotheca grandiflora (Corrpositae), 11 Pinus torreyana (Pinaceae), 5
Holly, see I l e x Pinus tuberculata (Pinaceae) , 5
Hop tree, see Ptelea Flatanus racemosa (Platanaceae) , 7
I l e x aquifolium (Pquifoliaceae), 9 Platanus sp. (Platanaceae), 7
Incense cedar, see Libocedrus Pluchea s e r i c e a (Compositae), 11
Jodine bush, see Allenrolfea Poison oak, see %us
Ivy, see Hedera P e g r a n a t e , see Punica
Juglans c a l i f o r n i c a (Juglandaceae 1, 6 Populus fremontii (Salicaceae), 6
Juglans h i n d s i i ( J u g l d a c e a e 1, 6 Fotato, see Solanum
Juglans regia (Juglandaceae), 6 P r i v e t , see Ligustrum
Juniperus californicus (Cupressaceae) , 5 Frosopis j u l i f l o r a glandulosa (Leguminosae), 8
Juniperus chinensis procumbens (Cupressaceae) , 5 Runus andersoni (Rosaceae), 7
Jujube, see Zizyphus Prunus avium (Rosaceae), 8
Larrea t r i d e n t a t a (Zygophyllaceae) , 8 Prunus domestics (Rosaceae), 8
Laurus n o b i l i s (Lauraceae), 7 Prunus emarginata (Rosaceae), 8
Lemon, see C i t r u s Prunus i l i c i f o l i a (Rosaceae), 8
Lepidospartm squarnatum ( ( b p o s i t a e ) , 11 Prunus t r i l o b a (Hasaceae), 8
Libocedrus decurrens (Cupressaceae) , 5 b u s sp. (Rosaceae), 1
Jigustrum ovalifolium (Oleaceae), 10 Pseudotsuga t a x i f o l i a (Pinaceae) , 5
Linden, see T i l i a Ptelea baldwinii crenulata (Hutaceae), P
Loquat, see Eriobotrya Pteris aquilina lanuginosa (Polypodiaceae) , 5
Lupinus albifrons (Leguminosae), 8 Punica granatum (Punicaceae), 9
Lycopersicum esculentum (Solanaceae), 10 Pyrus connunis (Rosaceae), 8
Medrone, see Arbutus Pyrus malus (Hosaceae), 8
Magnolia f r a s e r i (Magnoliaceae) , 7 k r c u s a g r i f o l i a (Fagaceae), 6
Magnolia grandiflora (Magnoliaceae) , 7 Quercus chrysole is (Fagaceae) , 6
MBhogany, see Cercocarpus P
@emus durata ( 'agaceae), 6
Quercus kelloggii (Fagaceae), 6
Manzanita, see Arctostaphylos
Maple, see Acer Quercus lobata ( F a p c e a e ) , 6
Medicago s a t i v a (Leguminosae), 8 ( & e r a vaccinifolia (Fagaceae), 6
hksquite, see R o s o p i s Quercus w i s l i z e n i i (Fagaceae) , 6
Mistletoe (pine t r e e ) , see Arceuthobium Ragweed, see Ambrosia
Mock w i l l o a r , see Pluchea Raspberry, s e e Rubus
Morus sp. (Moraceae), 7 Redbul. see Cercis
Mulberry, see Morus Rhamnus c a l i f o r n i c u s Wthatrmaceae). 9
Mule f a t , see Baccharis Rhamus c a l i f o r n i c u s tomentella (Rhanmaceae), 9
Nectarine, see h y g d a l u s Rhododendron occidentale (Ericaceae), 10
Nettle, see Urtica Rhus diversiloba (Anacardiaceae), 8
Nightshade, see Solanum Ribes nevadense (Saxifragaceae), 7
Nolina p a r r y i (Liliaceae), 6 Rosa c a l i f o r n i c a (Hosaceae) , 8
Nothofagus menziesii (Fagaceae) , 6 Rosa sp. (Hosaceae), 8
Olea europa (Oleaceae). 10 R u b parviflorus (Rosaceae), 8
Olive, see Olea Rubus thyrsantus (Rosaceae), 8
h i o n , see A l l i u m Rubus v i t i f o l i u s (Rosaceae), 8
Opuntia sp. (Cactaceae), 9 R q b s spp. (Rosaceae), 8
Oak, see Quercus Sage, see Salvia
Orange, see C i t r u s S a g e h s h , see Artemisia
Palm, see Phoenix and T r a c h y c a r p Salicornia sp. (Chenopodiaceae) , 7
Pea chaparral, see Pickeringia Salk babylonica (Salicaceae) , 6
Peach, see Amygdalus Salk hindsiana (Salicaceae). 6
Pear, see b u s Salk laevigata (Salicaceae), 6
Persea a m r i c a n a (Lauraceae) , 7 Salk l a s i o l e p i s (Salicaceae), 6
Persimnon, see Diospyros S a l k s i t c h e n s i s angustifolia (Salicaceae), 6
Petunia sp. (Solanaceae), 10 Salvia apiana (Labiateael. 10
Phoenix d a c t y l i f e r a (Wlmaceae) , 5 Salvia leucophylla (Labiateael, 10
Photinia a r b u t i f o l i a (Rosaceae), 7 Sambmus glauca (Caprifoliaceae) 10
Physalis ixocarpa (Solanaceae), 10 Service berry, see Amelanchier
Pickeringia montana (hguminosae 1, 8 Snuwball, see Viburnum
Pine t r e e mistletoe, see Arceuthobium Snwbexry, see Symphoricarpos
Pinus j e f f r e y i (Pinaceae), 5 Solanum douglasii (Solanaceae), 10
Pinus muricata (Pinaceae), 5 Solanum tuberosum (Solanaceae), 10
Pinus murrayana (Pinaceae), 5 Spireae densiflora (Rosaceae) , 8
66 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

Stonecrop, see Cotyledon Ulmus campestris (Ulmaceae). 7

S t r a w h r r y t r e e , see Arbutus Ulmus punila (Ulmaceae), 7
Sycamore, see Platanus b b e l l u l a r i a c a l i f o r n i c a (Lauraceae), 7
Symphoricarpos albus (Caprifoliaceae), 10 Urtica g r a c i l i s holosericea (Urticaceae) , 7
Tamarix gallica (Tamaricaceae), 9 Viburnum opulus (Caprifoliaceae) , 10
Taxodium distichum (Taxodiaceae) 5 V i t i s c a l ifornicus (Vitaceae 1, 9
l e legraph weed, see lkterotheca \ i t i s v i n i f e r a (Vitaceae), 9
Thimbleberry, see f k h s Walnut, see Juglans
T i l i a sp. (Tiliaceae), 9 Willowl see S a l i x
Tomato, see Lycopersicum Wisteria sp. (Leguminosae), 8
Toyon, see Photinia Wornwood, see A r t e m i s i a
Trachycarpus excelsa (Palmaceae), 5 Wyethia sp. (Conpositae), 11
Tsuga mrtensiana (Pinaceae), 5 Zizyphus s a t i n s (Hhamnaceae) , 9
Tulipa sp. (Liliaceae), 6
 List of Common Names
Alder gall mite - Eriophyes laevis (Nal.), 37 Fig Mite (approved) - Aceria ficus (Cotte), 28
Aloe wart m i t e -Aceria aloinis (K.), 23 F i l b e r t bud m i t e (approved) - Phytoptus auellanae
Apple rust mite (approved) - Vasates schiectendali Nal., 38
(Nal.) (see V. nalivagrans), 46 b i n r u s t mite (approved) - Abacarus hystrix
Artichoke .leaf-hair m i t e -Aceria ncocynarae (K.), (ha1.1, 48
31 Grape erineum mite (approved) - Eriophyes uitis
Avocado bud m i t e - Tegonotus myersi (K.), 49 (Pgst.), 38
Haccharis g a l l m i t e -Aceria baccharices K., 24 Grape r u s t m i t e - Calepitrirerus uitis (Nal.), 5:
bile s apple rust m i t e - Calepitrirerus baileyi Ivy bud mite - Phytoptus hedericola K., 21
f:, 56 Linden gall mite - Eriophyes tiliae ( P g s t . ) , 38
big-beaked elm mite -Rhyncaphytoptus ulrivagrans Magnolia l e a f - h a i r mite - Vasates ragnolivora
K., 59 W.), 46
big-beaked f i g m i t e -Rhyncaphytoptus ficifoliae Olive l e a f m i t e - Oxypleurites uutpelli K., 40
K., 58 Peach s i l v e r mite (approved) - Vasates cornutus
Itrig-beaked plum mite --Diptams gigantorhynchus (Eanks), 43
{Na1.lD 60 Pear l e a f b l i s t e r m i t e (approved) - Eriophyes pyri
Big-beaked sycalmre m i t e -Rhyncaphytoptus platani (Pgst.), 37
K., 58 Fear rust m i t e (appraved) - Epitrirerus pyri
bitter cherry g a l l mite -Eriophyes emarginatae K., (Nal.), 55
36 Persinmon bud m i t e - Aceria diospyri K., 26
Plackberry leaf mite (approved) -PhyZlocoptes Fine bud m i t e (approved) - Trisetacus pini ( N a l . ) ,
gracilis mal.), 52 20
Black walnut purse-gall mite -Aceria brachytarsus Flum nursery m i t e - Vasates fockeui (N&T), 45
W.1, 24 Pomegranate l e a f r o l l mite - Aceria grmati (GM),
Hoysenberry bud m i t e - Aceria orthoatera K., 31 29
Camellia bud mite -Aceria camelliae K., 26 P r i v e t bud mite - Aceria ligustri (K.), 30
Carrot bud m i t e - Aceria peucedani ( C . ) , 32 -
P r i v e t rust m i t e Vasates Zigustri (K.), 45
Celery r u s t mite - Vasates eurynotus (Nal.), 44 Furple camellia mite - Lalacarus adornatus (K.1,
Chrysanthemun semi-bud mite - Paraphytoptus chrys- 41
mtheri K.. 35 Redberry mite (approved) - Aceria essigi (Hassan),
C i t r u s bud m i t e (approved) - Aceria sheldani 32
(Ewing), 33 Rose r u s t mite -Callyntrotus schlectendali Nal.,
C i t r u s r u s t mite (approved) - Phyllocoptruta 53
oleivorus (Ashm.), 53 Tomato r u s s e t mite (approved) - Vasates destructor
Date palm bud m i t e -Mackiella phoenicis K., 22 (K.1, 44
Ijry-bulb m i t e- Aceria tulipae (K.1, 33
Elderberry r u s t mite --Epitrinerus trilobus (Nal. ),
Walnut b l i s t e r mite
(Nal.), 27
(approved) - Aceria erineus

55 Walnut rust mite -- Oxypleurites juglandis K., 40

Euonymus bud mite - Eriophyes convolvens (Nal.), Yellow camellia Nst m i t e - Acaphylla steinwedent
36 K., 50

NOTE: ?he cormon names which have been approved by the American Association.of Economic Entomologists bear
the word approved i n parenthesis a f t e r than. The other names are mainly those proposed by myself
w h i c h are l i s t e d i n the t e x t under the treatment of each species.

67
 Index to Genera, Species, and Higher Categories
&acarus (201, 16, 18, 48 c a l i r u b i (25-71, Fhyllocoptes, 8, 18, 51
Abacoptes (371, 59 c a l i s a l i c i s (25-11, Phyllocoptes, 6 , 18, 51
abaenus (25-31, Phyllocoptes, 8, 18, 51 Callyntrotus (311, 16, 53
a b a l i s (9-361, Aceria, 10, 14, 23 calulmi (17-11, Vasates, 7, 17, 43
a b i e t i s (32-41, E p i t r i m r u s , 5, 19, 54 c a m l l i a e (9-11, Aceria, 9, 12, 20
abnormis , Phytoptus, 38 calllphorae (18-11, Gamaphytoptus, 7, 16, 48
abronius (38-21, khynacp, 8 , 19, 59 c a n e s t r i n i i (11-161, Eriophyes, 8, 15, 36
acalyptus (20-21, Abacarus, 9, 18, 48 caricis (11-141, Eriophyes, 5, 15, 36
Acamina (341, 16, 57 c a r i n i f e r u s (33-51, Galepitrimerus, 10, 19, 56
Acaphylla (241, 16, 5C c a r p i n i , Phyllocoptes, 51
Acarelliptus (271, 16, 52 ceanothi (9-261, Aceria, 9, 13, 26
Acaricalus (231, 16, 18, 50 Cecidobia, 22
Aceria (91, 12, 23 Cecidophyes (81, 12, 22
acidotus (13-E), (hrypleurites, 10, 17, 39 cedri (25-51, Fhyllocoptes, 5, 18, 51
a c i l i u s (37-81, Hhyncaphytoptus, 6, 19, 58 cercocarpi (19-11, T e t r a , 7, 18, 48
adalius (25-21, Fhyllocoptes, 8, 18, 51 chrysanthemi (10-41, Paraphytoptus, 10, 14, 35
adornatus (15-2). &lacarus, 9 , 10, 17, 4 1 chrysopsis (9-23). Aceria, 10, 13, 26
advens, Vasates 43 cocciformis, Acarelliptus, 52
a e s c u l i f o l i a e (13-71, Oxypleurites, 9, 17, 39 COncava ( 19-21, Tetra 7, 18, 48
allenrolfeae (9-43.11, Aceria, 7 , 14, 23 convolvens ( l l - l 2 ) , Eriophyes, Q , 15, 36
alnivagrans (5-11, Sierraphytoptus, 0 , 12, 21, 22 Cbptophylla (141, 15, 17, 41
a l o i n i s (9-461, Aceria, 6 , 14, 23 cornifoliae (13-81, Oxypleurites, 9, 17, 40
ambrosiae (17-101, Vasates, 10, 17, 43 corniseminis (3-2), Phytoptus, 9, 11. 21
amiculus (9-81, Aceria 6, 12, 24 cornutus (17-18)! Vasates, 7, le, 43, 45
amygdalins, (Vasates ?), 43 cotyledonis (17-9), Vasates, 7, 17, 43
a n a t i s , (33-3), Calepitrimerus, 7, 19, 50 Cupacarus (281, 16, 52
Anchiphytoptus (41, 11, 2 1 cupressi (32-51, Epitrimerus, 5, 19, 54
andropogonis (33-21, Calepitrinerus, 5, 19, 56 cupressi (1-21, Trisetacus, 5, 11, 20
aphrastus (33-41, G i l e p i t r k r u s , 56 p p r e s s i f o l i a e (32-7). E p i t r i m r u s , 5, 19, 54
Anthocoptes (161, 15, 17, 42 cuprifestor (28-1). Cupacarus, 5, 16, 52
a r b u t i (14-2), Coptophylla, 10, 17, 4 1 depressus (13-11, &ypleurites, 6, 16, 40
arceuthobii (10-1. 11, Faraphytoptus, 7, 14, 34 d e s t r u c t o r (17-141, Vasates, l o , 17, 44
a r c t a s t a p h y l i (38-11, Hhynacus, 10, 19, 59, 60 d i m o r p h (25-41, Fhyllocoptes, 2 , 5 , 18, 51
armtus (33-71, (alepitrimerus, 7, 19, 56 d i a s p y r i (9-311, Aceria, 10, 13, 2
Asetacus (351, 19, 57 Diptacus (391, 19, 60
avellanae (3-1), Phytoptus, 6,. 11, 21, 38 dipterochelus I Eiptacus, 6 1
baccharices (9-371, Aceria, 10, 14, 24 Diptilaniopini, 15, 19, 57
baccharis (l3-5), Ocypleurites, 10, 17, 40 Diptilomiopus, 59, 60
Laileyi (33-4). C a l e p i t r i m r u s , 8, 19, 56 dracunculi (9-161, Aceria, 10, 13, 27
beevori (9-381, Aceria, 11. 14, 24 dubius, Vasates. 46
boycei (9-22). Aceria, 10, 13, 24 ednae (7-11, N a l e p l l a . 5, 12, 22
Lrachytarsus (9-71, Aceria, 2 , 6 , 12, 24 emarginatae (11-4). Eriophyes, 8, 15, 36, 37, 38
breechii (11-61, Eriophyes, 8, 15, 35 enceliae (9-141, Aceria, 11. 13, 27
brevitarsus (9-71, Aceria, 24 Epitrirnerus (32). 16, 18, 54
b r i c k e l l i a e (10-11, Faraphytoptus, 10, 14, 34 ericameriella (16-4), Anthocoptes, 11, 17, 42
cactorum (9-21, Aceria, 9 , 12, 25 erineus (9-3). Aceria, 6, 12, 27
Calacarus (151, 15, 17, 4 1 eriobotryae (9-301, Aceria, 7, 13, 27
c a l a c e r i s (9-91, Aceria. 9, 12, 25 eriodictyonis (9-24.1). Aceria, 10, 13, 27
C a l e p i t r i m r u s (33) 16, 19, 56 Eriophyes ( l l ) , 12, 14, 35
calibaccharis (9-401, Aceria, 10, 14, 25 Eriophyinae, 11, 12, 22
caliberberis (9-25.11, Aceria, 7 , 13, 26 e s s i g i (9-101, Aceria, 8, 12, 28, 32, 52
c a l i c o r y l i (39-31, Diptacus, 6 , 19, (io eurynotus (17-131, Vasates. 9, 17, 44
californicus (10-61, Faraphytoptus, 10, 14, 34 f a g i f o l i a e , Hhyncaphytoptus 59
c a l i f r a x i n i (21-21, Tegmotus, 10, 18, 49 f a s t i g a t u s , Tegonotus, 49
c a l i l u p i n i (9-4131, Aceria, 8, 14, 26 f e i j o a e (9-321, Aceria, 9, 13, 28
Caliphytoptus (20). 16, 52 f i c i f o l i a e (37-71, Rhyncaphytoptus, 7 , 19, 58
caliplucheae (10-8). Faraphytoptus, 11, 14, 35 f i c i , Aceria, 28
caliquerci (14-31, Coptophylla, 6. 17, 41 f i c u s (9-271. Aceria, 7, 13, 28
68
 THE ERIOPHYID MITES OF CALIFORNIA 69

fockeui (17-191, Vasates, 8, 18, 45 occidentalis ( 2 7 - l ) , Acarelliptus, 6 , 16, 52

f r a x i n i , Aceria, 2P oleivorus (29-1), Fhyllocoptruta, 8, 16, 52, 53
f r a x i n i f l o r a , Aceria, 28 orthornera (9-11), Aceria, 8, 12, 28, 31, 32
fraxinivorus (9-19), Aceria, 10, 13, 28 Oxypleurites ( 1 3 ) , 15, 16, 39
frernontiae (12-1), P a r e r i a , 9, 12, 39 padi, Eriophyes , 36
f r u c t i p h i l u s (25-61, Fhyllocoptes, 8 , 18, 51 paracalifornica (9-131, i k e r i a , 10, 13, 32
g a l i i , Cecidophyes, 22 paracornutus ( 17- 181, Vasates, 43
Gamnaphytoptus (181, 16, 48 paradianthi (9-45.11, Aceria, 7, 14, 32
getmicola, Epitrimerus, 54 paradoxus, Paraph toptus, 34
gigantorhynchus (39-1). Diptacus, 2 , 7, 8 , 9, 10, paraglabri (17-20T, Vasates, 9, 18, 46
60 paramckiei (9-5). Aceria, 6, 12, 32
glabratae (13-91, Cxypleurites, 9, 17, 40 ParaDhYtODtus (10). 12. 14. 34 I .

g l a b r i (17-231, Vasates, 9, 18, 45, 47 par&&lr (9-12),'Aceria, 4, 6 , 13, 32

gracilis (25-8). Phyllocoptes, 8, 18, 52 Pareria (121, 12, 39
granati (9-201, Aceria, 9, 13, 29 p a r v i f l o r i (25-F), Fhyllocoptes, 52
haplopappi (9-421, Aceria, 11, 14, 29 wucedani (9-21). Aceria. 9 . 13. 32
hederae (23-21, Acaricalus, 9, 18, 50 h o e n i c i s ( 6 - 1 ) , . h h c k i e l i a , ' 5 , -12, 22
hedericola (3-31, Phytoptus, 9 , 11, 21 Phyllocoptes (251, 16, 18, 51
heptacanthus, Pxypleurites, 39 Phyllocoptinae, 11, 15, 30
hesperus (16-31, Anthocoptes, 9 , 17, 42 Phyllocoptini, 15, 39
heteromeles (11-101, Eriophyes, 7, 15, 36 Fhyllocoptruta (291, 16, 52
heterothecae (9-241, Aceria, 11, 13, 29 Phytoptinae. 11, 20
h y s t r i x ( 2 0 - l ) , Abacarus, 5, 18, 48 Fhytoptus (31, 11, 2 1
i l i c i f o l i a e (11-81, Eriophyes, 8, 15, 36 pickeringiae (16-21, Anthocoptes, 8 , 17, 42
i l i c i s , Aceria, 30 p i n i (1-11, Trisetacus, 5, 11, 20
imnigrans (17-31, Vasates, 9, 17, 45 p i r i f o l i a e (32-31, Epitrimerus, 4, 55
inaequalis (10-71, Paraphytoptus, 10, 14, 35 p l a t a n i (37-11, Wyncaphytoptus, 7 , 19, 58
jonesi (2-1), S t o p t u s , 5 , 11, 20 platynus (37-61, Hhyncaphytoptus, 59
juglandis (13-4). f k y p l e u r i t e s , 7, 16, 40 Flatyphytoptus (301, 16, l P , 53
laevigatae (17-211, Vasates, 6, 18, 45 populi, 4
laevis (11-31, Eriophyes, 6, 15, 37 prosopis (17-21, Vasates, 8, 17, 47
lamimni (14-11, Coptophylla, 6, 17, 41 Drunandersoni (11-91, Biophves. . . 8.. 15.. 37
langei (9-351, Aceria, 11, 14. 29 brunorum ( 3 - 1 1 , ~ j i p t a c u s&I
larreae (9-47), Aceria, 8, 14, 29 pseudogallarum, Fh toptus, 21
lepidosparti (9-291, Aceria, 11, 13, 30 pseudotsugae (32-Qr, F p i t r i m r u s , 5, 19, 55
libocedri ( 3 2 4 1 , Epitrimerus, 5 , 19, 54 pteZeae (32-21, E p i t r i m r u s , 8, l p , 55
ligustri (9-17) Aceria, 10, 13, 30 pulviferus ( l S - l ) , Calacarus, 6, 17, 41, 42
l i g u s t r i (17-17), Vasates, 10, 18, 45 punctidorsa (16-11, Anthocoptes, 2 , 7 , 17, 42
lineatus (4-11, Anchiphytoptus, 7. 11, 21 pyri (32-3), E p i t r i m r u s , 4, 8 , 19, 55
l o r i c a t u s , Anthocoptes. 42 p y r i (11-7), Eriophyes, 1, 8, 15, 37
m c k i e i (9-41, Aceria, 6, 12, 30 (juadracus (361, 19, 57
Mackiella (61, 12, 22 quadripedes, Vasates , 43
mdronae (35-11, Asetacus, 10, 19, 57 quercilobatae (26-11, Caliphytoptus, 6, 16, 52
mgnoliae (9-44). Aceria, 7 , 14, 30 rhatmicola (21-31, Tegonotus , 9 , lR, A9
magnolivora (17-7). Vasates, 7 , 17, 46 rhanmiphagus (10-2). Paraphytoptus, 9, 14, 35
mlivagrans (17-151, Vasates, 8. 17, 46 rhamnivagrans fl7-161, Vasates, 9, 18, 47
mlpighianus, (8- 1). Cecidophyes, 7 , 12, 23 rhododendronis (17-12), Vasates, l c , 17, 47
manzanitae (17-P), Vasates, 10, 17. 46 r h d i f o l i a e , (Aceria ?), 37
m r i n a l n i (11-31, Eriophyes, 37 Rhynacus (381, 10, 59
m r i n a l n i (13-21, h y p l e u r i t e s , 6, 16, 40 Rhyncaphytoptus (37), 10, 58
maxwelli (13-31, Oxypleurites, 10, 16, 40
mcgregori (10-31, Faraphytoptus. 11, 14, 35
mckenziei (17-51, Vasates, 5 , 17, 46
ryderi, (Aceria ?r,
rugatus, hhyncaph toptus, 5Q
25
sabinianae (30- 1). Platyphytoptus, 5 , 18, 53
mdicaginis (9-341,Aceria. 8, 13, 30 sacramentae (39-2). Diptacus, 6 , 19, 60, 61
m g a r o s t r i s (37-21, Rhyncaphytoptus, 6 , 19, 58 s a l i c i c o l a , Cecidobia, 22
mori (9-33), Aceria, 7 , 13. 3 1 s a l i c i f o l i a e (37-3), Hhyncaphytoptus, 6 , 19, 58
multisternatus (30-2). Platyphytoptus, 5 , 18, 53 s a l v i a c r i n i s (10-5), Paraphytoptus, 10, 14, 35
myersi (21-1), Tegonotus, 7, 18, 49 savagei (11-51, Eriophyes, 8, 15, 38
Nalepella (71, 12, 22 schlectendali (31-1), Callyntrotus, 8 , 16, 53
negundella (21-51, Tegonotus, 9 , 18, 49 s c h l e c d a l i , Vasates, 8 , 46
neoarternisiae (9-15), Aceria, 10, 13, 31 s c o t t i (17-61, Vasates, 8, 17, 47
neocarinatus, Oxypleurites, 39 segundus (23-11, Acaricalus, 6 l P , 50
neocynarae (9-431, Aceria, 11, 14, 31 Setoptus (21, 11, 20
neoessigi (9-451, Aceria, 6, 14, 31 sheldoni (9-281, Aceria, 8 , 13, 33
neosalviae (9-181, Aceria, 10, 13, 3 1 Sierraphytoptinae, 11, 12, 21
nolinae (34-1), Acamina, 6, 16, 57 SierraphytoptusiS), 12, 21
70 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY

s i e r r i b i s (32-1), Epitrimerus, 7 , 18, 55 t r i r a d i a t u s (11-21, Eriophyes, 61 15, 313

s i m i l i s , Eriophyes, 36 Trisetacus (11, 11, 20
s p i n i f e r a (37-41, Rhyncaphytoptus, 6, 19, 59 t r i s t r i a t u s , Aceria, 25, 27
s p i n u l i f e r a (9-41), Aceria, 11, 14, 33 tsugae (7-21, h l e j e l l a , 5, E, 22
spiraeae (11-15). Ericphyes, 8 , 15, 38 t u l i p a e (9-49). Aceria, 5 , 6, 14, 23, 33
steimvedeni (24-11, Acaphylla, 9, 16, 50 Tumescoptes (221, 16, 50
s t i n s o n i s (9-251, Aceria. 7 , 13, 33 ulmivagrans (37-6). Fthyncaphytoptus, 7, 19, 59
s t r i g a t u s (37-31, Hhyncaphytoptus, 9, 19, 59 umbellulariae (33-l), Calepitrimerus, 7, 19, 57
sym$oricarpi (17-41, Vasates, 10, 17, 47 u r t i c a e (36-1). Qmdracus, 57
tamalpais (17-111, Vasates, 6, 17, 47 u r t i c a r i u s (36-11, Quadracus, 7 , 19, 57
taxodii (32-10), Epitrimerus, 5, l o , 54, 55 varius, A c e r i a , 31
Tegonotus (211, 16, 18, 49 Vasates, (17). 16, 17 , 42
tejonis (15-31, Calacarus. 6, 17, 42 verilicis ( 8 - 2 ) . Cecidophyes, 9, 12, 23
Tetra (19), 16, 18, 48 v i t i s (33-61,Calepitriolerus, 9, 19, 57
Thanmacus (211, 49 v i t i s (11-l), Eriophyes, 9 , 15, 35, 38
t i l i a e (11-111, Eriophyes, 9 , 15, 38 waltheri (9-61, Aceria, 6, 12, 34
taxicophagus (17-221, Vasates, 9, l P , 47 wisteriae (11-131, Eriophyes. 8, 15, 39
trachycarpi (22-11, Turnescoptes, 5, 16, 50 wyethiae (9-391, Aceria, 11, 14, 34
t r i c e r a s , Nalepella, 22 zizyphagus (21-4). Tegonotus, 9, 18, 49
trilobus (32-61, Epitrimerus, 10, 19, 55
 Plate Symbols

AP -
Anterior g e n i t a l apodeme ~1 - Left a n t e r i o r l e g
AP1 -
I n t e r n a l female g e n i t a l i a LZ - Left rear l e g
B - Aceria beevori, P l a t e 9-38 LM - b f t tarsus of male
c - Coxae fran below LT - Tarsus, and associated s t r u c t u r e s
CD - Cross-section o u t l i n e of deutogyne N l D - Dorsal view of f i r s t nymph
6 - Cross-section a u t l i n e of protogyne NlM -Dorsal view of anterior section of f i r s t
D - Dorsal view of mite nymph
t~ - Dorsal view of a n t e r i o r s e c t i o n or s h i e l d N1S - Side view of f i r s t nymph
)%) - Dorsal skin structure NlV - Ventral view of f i r s t nymph
EDs - Dorsal s k i n s t r u c t u r e i n si& view NlVA - Ventral view of anterior section of f i r s t
- Side skin s t r u c t u r e nymph
EV - Ventral skin s t r u c t u r e N 2 W - Dorsal view of anterior section of second
F - Featherclaw nynrph
F 1 - Featherclaw and tarsus N2S - Side view of second nymph
fs - Frontal s h i e l d s e t a 0 - Egg
GF - Female g e n i t a l i a , ventral view R - Rast-
GFl - Female g e n i t a l i a and coxae from below S - Side view of a d u l t m i t e
GFC - Female g e n i t a l coverflap SA - Side view of a n t e r i o r section of mite
GFD - Genitalia of deutogyne SD - Side view of deutogyne
GlT - Genitalia of protogyne F@ - Side view of posterior section of mite
gl - Semenile vesicles F@1 - Side view of protogyne
a - Male g e n i t a l i a w - Aceria uryethiae, P l a t e 9-39
- Male g e n i t a l i a and coxae
L - Left legs; a l s o Aceria Zepidosparti on Plate
9-29

71
 List of Plates

Plate A - Chart showing anatomical designations P l a t e 9-40. Aceria calibaccharis ( K . )

['late B - Diagram of Subfamily arrangement 9-41. Aceria s p i n u l i f e r a (K. 1
Plate C -
?he l i f e history of a deuterorvnous m i t e . 9-42. .Aceria hartlooarmi (K.1
(KT
o x y p I eur i tes aebcu I if0 I i ae j 9-43. Aceria neb;cyk&e (K.)
Plate 1-1. Trisetacus p i n i (Nal.) 9-43.1 Aceria a l l e n r o l f e a e K.
1-2. Trisetacus cupressi (K. 1 9-44. Aceria magnoliae ( K . )
2-1. Setoptus j o n e s i ( K . ) 9-45. Aceria neoessigi ( K . )
3-1. Phytoptus avellanae K1. 9-45.1 Aceria paradianthi K.
3-2. Fhytoptus corniseminis P. 9-46. k e r i a a l o i n i s (K.1
3-3. Phytoptus hedericola K. 9-47. Aceria l a r r e a e ( K . )
4- 1. Anchiphytoptus lineatus K. 9-48. Aceria c a l i l u p i n i K.
5- 1. Sierraphytoptus alnivagrans K. 9-49. Aceria t u l i p a e (K.)
6-1. hlackiella phoenicis K. 10-1. Paraphytoptus b r i c k e l l i a e K.
7-1. h l e p e l l a ednae K. 10- 1.1 Paraphytoptus arceuthobii K.
7-2. Nalepella tsugae K. 10-2. Faraphytoptus rhamniphagus K.
8-1. Cecidophyes malpighianus (Kal. 1 10-3. Paraphytoptus mcgregori K.
A-2. Cecidophyes v e r i l i c i s (F.1 10-4. Paraphytoptus chrysanthemi K.
9-1. Aceria camelliae K. 10-5. Paraphytoptus s a l v i a c r i n i s K.
9-2. Aceria cactorum ( K . ) 10-6. ParanhvtoDtus c a l i f o r n i c u s (Hall)
L . L

9-3. Aceria erineus ( N . ) 10-7. Paraphytoptus inaequalis K.

9-4. Aceria mackiei ( K . ) 10-8. Paraphytoptus caliphucheae (K. )
9-5. Aceria paramackiei ( K . ) 11-1. Eriophyes v i t i s (Pest. 1
9-6. Aceria waltheri ( K . ) 11-2. Eriophyes t r i r a d i a t u s (Kal.
9-7. Aceria brachytarsus (K. 1 11-3. Eriophyes laevia (Rial.)
9-8. Aceria amiculus ( K . ) 11-4. Eriophyes emarginatae K.
9-9. Aceria c a l a c e r i s K. 11-5. Eriophyes savagei
9-10. Aceria e s s i g i (Hassan) 11-6. Eriophyes breechii K.
9-12. Aceria parapopuli (K.1 11-7. Eriophyes pyri (PgSt.
9-13. Aceria paracalifornica (K.) 11-8. Eriophyes i l i c i f o l i a e K.
9-14. Aceria enceliae ( K . ) 11-9. Eriophyes prunandersoni K .
9- 15.Aceria neoartemisiae (K. ) 11-10. Eriophyes heteromeles K.
9-16. Aceria dracunculi (K.) 11-11. Eriophyes t i l i a e (Pgst.
9-17. Aceria l i g u s t r i ( K . ) 11-12. Eriophyes convolvens (Nal. )
9-18. Aceria neosalviae (K.) 11-13. Eriophyes wisteriae K.
9-20. Aceria granati (Can.) 11-14. h i o p h y e s c a r i c i s F'.
9-21. Aceria peucedani (Can. 1 12-1. Pareria fremontiae K .
9-22. Aceria Loycei (K.) 13- 1. Oxypleurites depressus R'al.
9-23. Aceria chrysopsis ( K . ) 13-2 Cxypleurites marinalni K.
9-24. Aceria heterothecae (K. 1 13-3. O x y p l e u r i t e s m a x w e l l i K.
9-24.1 Aceria eriodictyonis K. 13-4. Oxypleurites juglandis K.
9-25. Aceria s t i n s o n i s (K.) 13-5. Oxypleurites tlaccharis K.
9-25.1 Aceria c a l i b e r b e r i s K. 13-6. Oxypleurites acidotus F.
9-26. Aceria ceanothi ( K . ) 13-7. Oxypleurites a e s c u l i f o l i a e (V. )
9-28. Aceria sheldoni (Ewing) 13-8. Oxypleurites c o r n i f o l i a e K.
9-29. Aceria lepidosparti K. (L 13-9. Oxypleurites glabratae K.
9-38. Aceria beevori K. (B 14- 1. Coptorhylla lamimani ( K . )
9-39. Aceria wyethiae K.(% 14-2. Coptophylla a r b u t i ( K . 1
9-30. Aceria eriobotryae (K.) 14- 3. Captophylla c a l i q u e r c i K.
9-31. Aceria diospyri K. 15-1. Calacarus pulviferus K.
9-32. Aceria feijoae ( K . ) 15-2. Calacarus adornatus ( K . )
9-33. Aceria mori (K.) 15-3. Ca lacarus tej onis K .
9-34. Aceria medicaginis (K.1 16-1. h t h o c o p t e s punctidorsa K .
9-35. Aceria langei ( K . ) 16-2. Anthocoptes pickeringiae K .
9-36. Aceria abalis ( K . ) 16-3. h t h o c o p t e s hesperus K.
9-37. Aceria baccharices K. 16-4. Anthocoptes ericameriella li.
(9-38. see 9-29) 17-1. Vasa tes ca lulmi (K. )
(9-39. see 9-29) 17-2. Vasates prosopis ( K . 1

72
 BULLETIN OF THE CALIEORNIA INSECT SURVEY 73

P l a t e 17-3. Vasates imnigrans ( K . ) P l a t e 27-1. Acarelliptus occidentalis K .

17-4. Vasates symphoricarpi (K. 1 28-1. Cupacarus cuprifestor K.
17-5. Vasates mckenziei K. 29-1. Phyllocoptruta oleivorus (Ash.1
17-6. Vasates s c o t t i ( K . ) 30-1. Platyphytoptus sabinianae K.
17-7. Vasates magnolivora ( K . ) 30-2. Platyphytoptus m l t i s t e r n a t u s K.
17-8. Vasates m z a n i t a e (K. 1 31-1. Callyntrotus schlectendali Nal.
17-9. Vasates cotyledonis (K. ) 32-1. Epitrimerus s i e r r i b i s K.
17-10. Vasates ambrosiae (K.) 32-2. Epitrimerus pteleae K.
17-11. Vasates tamalpais ( K . ) 32-3. E p i t r i m r u s pyri (Nal.)
17-12. Vasates rhododendronis (K. 32-3d. E p i t r i m r u s pyri- deutogyne
17-13. Vasates eurynotus (Nal.) 32-4. E p i t r i m r u s a b i e t i s K.
17-14. Vasates d e s t r u c t o r (K. 32-5. Epitrimerus cupressi (K.
17-15. Vasates malivagrans K. 32-6. Epitrimerus t r i l o b u s (Nal. 1
17-16. Vasates rhamivagrans (K. 1 32-fid. E p i t r i m r u s t r i l o b u s - deutogyne
17-17. Vasates ligustri ( K . ) 32-7. Epitrimerus c u p r e s s i f o l i a e K.
17-18. Vasates cornutus (Banks) 32-8. E p i t r i m r u s libocedri (K. )
17-18d.Vasates cornutus- deutogyne 32-9. E p i t r i m r u s pseudotsugae K.
17-20. Vasates paraglabri K. 32- 10. E p i t r i m r u s taxodii ( K . )
17-21. Vasates laevigatae (Hassan) 33-1. C a l e p i t r i m r u s umbellulariae K.
17-22. Vasa tes toxicophagus (Ewing) 33-2. Calepitrimerus andropogonus K.
17-23. Vasates g l a b r i K. 33-3. Calepitrimerus a n a t i s K.
18-1. Gamnaphytoptus camphorae K. 33-4. Gileptirimerus b a i l e y i K.
19-1. Tetra cercocarpi K. 33-46. Calepitrimerus b a i l e y i - deutogyne
19-2. Tetra concava (K.) 33-5. Calepitrimerus c a r i n i f e r u s K.
20-1. Abacarus h y s t r i x (Nal.) 33-6. C a l e p i t r i m r u s v i t i s (Nal. 1
20-2. Abacarus acalyptus (K.) 33-6d. Calepitrimerus v i t i s - deutogyne
21-1. Tegonotus myersi (K.) 34-1. Acarmrla nolinae (K.)
21-2. Tegonotus c a l i f r a x i n i (K. ) 35-1. Asetacus niadronae K.
21-3. Tegonotus r h a m i c o l a (K.) 36-1. Qmdracus u r t i c a r i u s (cgh')
21-4. Tegonotus zizyphagus (K.) 37-1. hhyncaphytoptus p l a t a n i K.
21-5. Tegonotus negundella K. 37-2. Hhyncaphytoptus mgarostris (K.1
22-1. Tumescoptes trachycarpi K. 37-3. Hhyncaphytoptus s t r i g a t u s K.
23-1. Acaricalus segundus K. 37-4. hhyncaphytoptus s p i n i f e r a K.
23-2. Acaricalus hederae (K.1 37-5. Rhyncaphytoptus s a l i c i f o l i a e K.
24-1. Acaphylla steinwedeni K. 37-6;. Hhyncaphytoptus ulmivagrans K.
25- 1. Phyllocoptes c a l i s a l i c i s K. 37-M. Hhyncaphytoptus ulmivagrans - deutogyne
25-2. Phyllocoptes a d a l i u s K. 37-7. Hhyncaphytoptus f i c i f o l i a e K.
25-3. Phyllocoptes abaenus K. 37-8. Hhyncaphytoptus a c i l i u s K.
25-4. Phyllocoptes dimorphus K. 38-1. tthynacus arctostaphyli (K. 1
25-5. Phyllocoptes c e d r i K. 38-2. Rhynacus abronius ( K . )
25-6. Phyllocoptes f r u c t i p h i l u s K. 39-1. Liiptacus gigantorhynchus (Nal. )
25-7. Phyllocoptes c a l i r u b i K. 39-2. llriptacus sacramentae ( K . )
25-8. Phyllocoptes m a c i l i s (Nal.) 39-3. Diptacus c a l i c o r y l i (K. 1
26-1. Caliphytoptus quercilobatae K.
 THIRD VENTRAL SZTA

GENITAL &A UTERM'Snrr

I
FIRST VENTRAiSETA DORSAL TUBERCLE YRUL
1.
\ I

ADMEDIAN, UNE Mym#

CHELIcfRA-''

ROSTRUM'-

CRESCENTIC SWRING INTERNAL FFMALE GENITALIA

TYPICAL APODEME

-=*LMIOINDUUL WRING

ALE GENITAL COVERFLAP

GENITAL SETA\ I

74
 Harder fusrforrn types Wormlike soFf bodied types
Shield projecting over beo; 'Beak exposed above

C. I
a
cb
PLATE 1-1. Trisetacus pini (Nal.) PLATE 1-2. Trisetacus cupressi (K.)

-1

PLATE 2-1. Setoptus jonesi (K.1 PLATE- 3-1. Phytoptus avellanae Nal.

76
 ES

PLATE 3-2. Phytoptus corniseminis K. Phi= 3-3. Phytoptus hedericola K.

PLATE 4-1. Anchiphytoptus h e a t u s K. Pmm 5-1. Sierraphytoptus alnivagrans K.

77
P u n 6-1. Mackiella phoenicis K. P L A 7-1.
~ Nalepella ednae K.

PUm 7-2. Nalepella tsugae K. Pl..ATE 8-1. Cecidophyes tmlpighianus (Nal. )

78
 .--
f

P u n 8-2. Cecidophyes verilicis (K.) PLATE 9-1. Aceria camelliae K.

PLATE 9-2. Aceria cactorum (K.) PLATE 9-3. Aceria ermeus (N.)

79
 PLATE 9-5. Aceria paramackiei (K.)

PLATE 9-6. Aceria waltheri (K.1 PLATE 9-7. Aceria brachytarsus (K.)

80
 PLATE 9-9. Aceria calaceris K.

PIA'IE 9-10. Aceria e s s i g i (Hassad PIATE 9-12. Aceria parapopuli (K.)

81
PIATE 9-13.1 Aceria paracalifornica (K. ) 9-14.
p ~ m Aceria enceliae (K.)

PIA= 9-15. Aceria neoartemisiae (K.) PIATE 9-16. Aceria dracunculi (K.)
82
 F

DA -

PLATE 9-17. Aceria ligustri (K.) PLATE 9-18. Aceria neosalriae (K.)

PLAm 9-20. Aceria granati (Can.) PLATE 9-21. Aceria peucedani (Can.)
 ,

PMTE 9-22. Aceria boycei (K.) PLATE 9-23. Aceria chrysopsis (K.

PLATE 9-24. Aceria heterothecae (K.) PLATE9-24.1 Aceria eriodictyonis K.

84
 S

PLATE 9-25. Aceria stinsonis (K.1 I PIATE 9-25.1 Aceria caliberberis K.

PIATE 9-26. Aceria ceanothi (K.)

I PLATE 9-28. Aceria sheldoni (Ebing)

85
PLATE 9-29. Aceria lepidosparti K. (L)
PLAlE 9-39. Aceria wyethiae K. (W) PLATE 9-30. Aceria eriobotryae (K.)
PUm 9-38. Aceria beevori K. (B)

PLATE 9-31. Aceria diaspyri K. PLATE 9-32. Aceria feijoae (K.)

86
PIATE 9-33. Aceria mori (K.) PLATE 9-34. Aceria rnedicaginis (K.)

PU'IE 9-35.
. I.

Aceria langei (K.) PLATE 9-36. Aceria a b i l i s (K.1

87
 F

A,

PLATE 9-37. Aceria baccharices K. PLATE 9-40. Aceria calibaccharis (K.)

PU?IE 9-41. Aceria spinulifera ( K . ) PLATE 9-42. Aceria haplopappi ( K . )

88
 F

PLATE 9-45.1. Aceria paradianthi K. PLATE 9-46. Aceria aloinis (K.)

PLATE 9-47. Aceria larreae (K.) PLATE 9-48. Aceria calilupini K.

 , -I , W

PLATE 9-49. Aceria t u l i p e (K.) PLATE 10-1. Paraphytoptus hrickelliae K.

PLATE 10-1.1 Paraphytoptus arceuthobii K. PLATE 10-2. Rraphytoptus rhanmiphagus K.

91
 U T E 10-4. Paraphytoptus chrysanthemi K.

PLATE 10-5. Paraphytoptus salviacrinis K . PLATE 10-6. Paraphytoptus californicus (Hall)

92
PLATE 10-7. Paraphytoptus haequalis K. PLATE 10-8. Paraphytoptus caliplucheae (K.)

PLATE 11-1. Eriophyes v i t i s (Pgst.) PLATE 11-2. Eriophyes triradiatus (Nal.)

93
PLATE 11-3. Erioph;es laevis (Nal.) PIATE 11-4. Eriophyes emarginatae K.

PLATE 11-5. Eriophyes savagei PLATE 11-6. Eriophyes breechii K.

94
 . .
PLATE 11-7. Eriophyes pyri (Pgst.) PLATE 11-8. Eriophyes ilicifoliae K.

GFl \ /
PLATE 11-9. Eriophyes prunandersoni K. PLATE 11-10. Eriophyes h e t e r e l e s K.
95
PLATE 11-11. Eriophles t i l i a e (Pgst.) PLATE 11-12. Eriophyes convolvens m a l . )

PLATE 11-13. Eriophyes wisteriae K. PU?E 11-14. Eriophyes caricis K.

96
 PLATE 12-1. Pareria fremntiae K. PLATE 13-1. Oxypleurites depressus Nal.

PbiTE 13-2. Oxypleurites mrinalni K.

 F

PLATE 13-4. Oxypleurites juglandis K. PUTE 13-5. Oxypleurites baccharis K.

PLATE 13-6. Oxypleurites acidotus K. PIATE 13-7. Qrypleurites aesculifoliae (K. j

98
 API

Es

PLATE 13-8. Oxypleurites cornifoliae K. PLATE 13-9. Oxypleurites glabratae K.

PLATE 14-1. Coptophylla lamimuni (K.) PLATE 14-2. Coptophylla arbuti (K.)
99
 w-
APl

PLATE 14-3. Coptophylla caliquerci K. PLATE 15-1. Cglacarus pulviferus K.

PLATE 15-2. Calacarus adornatus (K.) PLATE 15-3. &lacarus tejonis K.

100
 F

PLATE 16-1. Anthocoptes punctidorsa K. PLATE 16-2. Anthocoptes pickeringiae K.

PLAlE 16-3. Anthocoptes hesperus K. 16-4. Anthocoptes ericamriella K.

101
PIATE 17-1. Vasates calulmi (K.) PLAm 17-2. Vasates prosopis (K.)

PLATE 17-3. Vasates h i g r a n s (K.1 PLATE 17-4. Vasates synphoricarpi (K.)

102
 PLATE 17-5. Vasates mckenziei K. PLti'IE 17-6. Vasates scotti (K.)

FUTE 17-7. Vasates magnolivora (K.1 'PLATE 1718. Vasates manzanitae (K.)
103
PIA'iE 17-9. Vasates cotyledonis (P.) PLATE 17-10. Vasates ambrosiae (K.)

/- I

PLATE 17-11. Vasates tamlpais (K.) PLAE 17-12. Vasates rhododendronis ( K . )

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PLATE .17-13. Vasates eurynotus (Nal. 1 PLATE 17-14. Vasates destructor (K.)

PLATE 17-15. Vasates malivagrans K. 17-16. Vasates rhamivagrans (K. )

105
901
 -
PLATE 17-21. Vasates laevigatae (Hassan) PLATE 17-22. Vasates taxicophagus (Ewing)

PLATE 17-23. Vasates glabri K. PLATE 18-1. Garrmaphytoptus carnphorae K.

107
 PLATE 19-1. Tetra cercocarpi K. PLATE 19-2. Tetra concava ( K . )

PLATE 20-1. Abacarus hystrix (Nal.) PLATE 20-2. Abacarus acalyptus ( K . )

108
 PIA= 21-1. Tegonotus myersi ( K . ) PLATE 21-2. Tegonotus califraxini (K.)
\\

PLATE 21-3. Tegonotus rharmicola ( K . ) PLATE 21-4. Tegonotus zizyphagus (K.1

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PLATE 21-5. Tegonotus negundella K. PLATE 22-1. Tumescoptes trachycarpi K.

PLATE 23-1. Acaricalus segundus K. PLATE 23-2. Acaricalus hederae (K.)

110
 F
F

PLATE 24-1. Acaphylla steinwedmi K. RATE 25-1. Phyllocoptes calisalicis K.

P U T E 25-2. Phyllocoptes adalius K. PLATE 25-3. Phyllocoptes abaenus K.

111
PLtiTE 25-4. Phyllocoptes dimorphus K. PLATE 25-5. Phyllocoptes cedri K.

PLATE 25-6. Phyllocoptes fructiphilus K. PLATE 25-7. Phyllocoptes calirubi K.

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PLAIE 25-8. Phyllocoptes gracilis (Nal. 1 PLATE 26-1. caliphytoptus p r c i l o b a t a e K.
--

PLAIT 27-1. Acarelliptus occidentalis K. PLATE 28-1. Cupacarus cuprifestor K.

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 F

29-1. Phyllocoptruta oleivorus (Ash.) PLATE 30-1. Platyphytoptus sabinianae K.

Pun 30-2. Platyphytaptus multisternatus K. PLATE 31-1. Callyntrotus schlectendali Nal.

114
Phtm 32-1. Epitrimerus sierribis K. P u n 32-2. Epitrimerus pteleae K.

PLATE 32-3. Epitrirnerus pyri (Nal.) Pun 32-3d. E p i t r k r u s pyri- deutogyne

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 *._...-

PLATE 32-4. Epitrimerus abietis K. PLATE 32-5. Epitrimerus cupressi (K.)

PLATE 32-6. Epitrimerus trilobus (Nal.) PLATE 32-6d. E p i t r k r u s trilobus- deutogyne

116
PLATE 32-7. Epitrimerus cupressifoliae K. PLATE 32-8. Epitrimerus libocedri (K.)

32-9. Epitrimerus pseudotsugae

P ~ T E K. PLATE 32-10. EpitrMerus taxodii (K.)
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PLATE 33-1. Calepitrimerus unhellulariae K. PLATE 33-2. Calepitrimerus andropogonlrs K.

\ I /
-
PLATE 33-3. Calepitrhrus anatis K. PLATE 33-4. Calepitriaerus baileyi K.
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 GF

PLA'IE 33-4d. Calepitrimerus baileyi- deutogpe PLATE 33-5. Calepitrimerus cariniferus K.

PLATE 33-6. Calepitrimerus v i t i s (Nal. PIATE 33-6d. Calepitrimerus v i t i s - deutogyne

119
 PLATE 34-1. Acamina nolinae (K.) PLATE 35-1. Asetacus madronae K.

PLATE 36-1. @adracus urticarius (a) PLATE 37-1. Rhyncaphytoptus platani K.

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PUTE 37-2. Rhyncaphytoptus megarostris (K.1 PLATE 37-3. Rhyncaphytoptus strigatus K .

PLATE 374. Rhyncaphytoptus spinifera K . rn,

PLATE 37-6. Rhyncaphytoptus ulmivagrans K.
PLATE 37-5. Rhyncaphytoptus salicifoliae K. I''
PLATE 3 7 4 . Phyncaphytoptus uhnivagrans- deutogyne PLATE 37-7. Rhyncaphytoptus ficifoliae K.

PLATE 37-8. Rhyncaphytoptus acilius K. PLATE 38-1. Rhynacus arctostaphyli (K.)

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PLATE 38-2. Rhynacus abronius (K.) PLATE 39-1. Diptacus gigantorhynchus (Nal.

PLATE 39-2. Diptacus sacramntae (K.) PLATE 39-3. Diptacus calicoryli (K.)

123