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Topic:: Dom Project (V Semester)

The document discusses epicyclic gear trains, which consist of planet gears that revolve around a central sun gear. Epicyclic gear trains can achieve high torque capacities and gear ratios through their planetary configuration of multiple rotating gears. They are used in a variety of applications that require speed reductions or reversals, such as automatic transmissions, bicycles, clocks, and differentials in vehicles.

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vasu jamwal
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48 views

Topic:: Dom Project (V Semester)

The document discusses epicyclic gear trains, which consist of planet gears that revolve around a central sun gear. Epicyclic gear trains can achieve high torque capacities and gear ratios through their planetary configuration of multiple rotating gears. They are used in a variety of applications that require speed reductions or reversals, such as automatic transmissions, bicycles, clocks, and differentials in vehicles.

Uploaded by

vasu jamwal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DOM PROJECT (VTH SEMESTER)

TOPIC:EPICYCLIC GEAR TRAIN

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:


DR. NEERAJ Kr. (HOD) CHETAN
HIMANSHU VASNANI SARVESHWAR
(ASSISTANT PROFESSOR) GAURAV KUMAR
GAURAV SHARMA
CHANDAN
INTRODUCTION
An epicyclic gear train consists of two gears mounted so that the centre of one
gear revolves around the centre of the other. A carrier connects the centers of
the two gears and rotates to carry one gear, called the planet gear, around the
other, called the sun gear. The planet and sun gears mesh so that their pitch
circles roll without slip. A point on the pitch circle of the planet gear traces
an epicycloid curve. In this simplified case, the sun gear is fixed and the
planetary gear(s) roll around the sun gear.
An epicyclic gear train can be assembled so the planet gear rolls on the inside of
the pitch circle of a fixed, outer gear ring, or ring gear, sometimes called
an annular gear. In this case, the curve traced by a point on the pitch circle of
the planet is a hypocycloid.
The combination of epicycle gear trains with a planet engaging both a sun gear
and a ring gear is called a planetary gear train.In this case, the ring gear is
usually fixed and the sun gear is driven.
Epicyclic gears get their name from their earliest application, which was the
modeling of the movements of the planets in the heavens. Believing the planets,
as everything in the heavens, to be perfect, they could only travel in perfect
circles, but their motions as viewed from Earth could not be reconciled with
circular motion. At around 500 BC, the Greeks invented the idea of epicycles,
of circles traveling on the circular orbits. With this theory Claudius Ptolemy in
the Almagest in 148 AD was able to predict planetary orbital paths.
The Antikythera Mechanism, circa 80 BC, had gearing which was able to
approximate the moon's elliptical path through the heavens, and even to correct
for the nine-year precession of that path.[3] (Of course, the Greeks would have
seen it not as elliptical, but rather as epicyclic motion.)
Epicyclic gearing or planetary gearing is a gear system consisting of one or
more outer gears, or planet gears, revolving about a central, or sun gear.
Typically, the planet gears are mounted on a movable arm or carrier, which
itself may rotate relative to the sun gear. Epicyclic gearing systems also
incorporate the use of an outer ring gear or annulus, which meshes with the
planet gears. Planetary gears (or epicyclic gears) are typically classified as
simple or compound planetary gears. Simple planetary gears have one sun, one
ring, one carrier, and one planet set. Compound planetary gears involve one or
more of the following three types of structures: meshed-planet (there are at least
two more planets in mesh with each other in each planet train), stepped-planet
(there exists a shaft connection between two planets in each planet train), and
multi-stage structures (the system contains two or more planet sets). Compared
to simple planetary gears, compound planetary gears have the advantages of
larger reduction ratio, higher torque-to-weight ratio, and more exible
congurations.
The axes of all gears are usually parallel, but for special cases like pencil
sharpeners and differentials, they can be placed at an angle, introducing
elements of bevel gear (see below). Further, the sun, planet carrier and ring axes
are usually coaxial.
Epicyclic gearing is also available which consists of a sun, a carrier, and two
planets which mesh with each other. One planet meshes with the sun gear, while
the second planet meshes with the ring gear. For this case, when the carrier is
fixed, the ring gear rotates in the same direction as the sun gear, thus providing
a reversal in direction compared to standard epicyclic gearing.

Epicyclic gear train is the one that requires 2 inputs to produce a single
constrained output. It consists of 3 elements

1 Gear 1

2 Gear 2
3 Arm
Now to get your desired rotational motion you need to constrain any of the
above two elements i.e fix the arm give gear 1 motion or else fix arm give any
gear a motion.

The advantage includes high torque carrying capacity as the load is shared
amongst the 3 elements.Due to 3 components the inertia of the system is quite
good compared to just meshing gears so it enables to take intermittent or
fluctuating torque during startups.
The disadvantage is that you need to give 2 inputs to produce a single output
unlike in simple geartrain where only one input would suffice.Also lubrication
requirement is higher. The heat generation is there due to friction and also
compact mechanism inhibits efficient heat transfer.The bearing to be used
should be of a good quality hence increasing its cost.Also the manufacturing
cost of such mechanism is higher.
Like a compound gear train, planetary trains are used when a large change in
speed or power is needed across a small distance. There are four different ways
that a planetary train can be hooked up.
A planetary gear train is a little more complex than other types of gear trains. In
a planetary train at least one of the gears must revolve around another gear in
the gear train. A planetary gear train is very much like our own solar system,
and that's how it gets its name. In the solar system the planets revolve around
the sun. Gravity holds them all together. In a planetary gear train the sun gear is
at the center. A planet gear revolves around the sun gear. The system is held
together by the planet carrier. In some planetary trains, more than one planet
gear rotates around the sun gear. The system is then held together by an arm
connecting the planet gears in combination with a ring gear.

The planetary gear set is the device that produces different gear ratios through
the same set of gears. Any planetary gearset has three main components:
The sun gear
The planet gears and the planet gears' carrier
The ring gear
Each of these three components can be the input, the output or can be held
stationary. Choosing which piece plays which role determines the gear ratio for
the gearset.
These four combinations and the resulting speed and power outputs are listed in
Table

They have higher gear ratios.


They are popular for automatic transmissions in automobiles.
They are also used in bicycles for controlling power of pedaling
automatically or manually.
They are also used for power train between internal combustion engine and
an electric motor.
Epicyclic gear system is use in varies applications such as,

1.clocks,
2.lunar calendar,
3.car mirror,
4.toys,
5.Gearhead motor,

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