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Straightness Measurement Using Autocollimator

This document provides instructions for measuring straightness using an autocollimator. It includes: - An overview of how autocollimators can be used to measure straightness by detecting angular deviations of a reflecting surface - A description of the apparatus needed, including an autocollimator and reflector - Formulas to calculate angular tilt and rise/fall from autocollimator readings - Step-by-step procedures for setting up and taking measurements at regular intervals along a surface - A template for tabulating the measurements and calculating straightness errors The goal is to use an autocollimator and reflector to measure the straightness of a beam or surface by detecting angular deviations at

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2K views

Straightness Measurement Using Autocollimator

This document provides instructions for measuring straightness using an autocollimator. It includes: - An overview of how autocollimators can be used to measure straightness by detecting angular deviations of a reflecting surface - A description of the apparatus needed, including an autocollimator and reflector - Formulas to calculate angular tilt and rise/fall from autocollimator readings - Step-by-step procedures for setting up and taking measurements at regular intervals along a surface - A template for tabulating the measurements and calculating straightness errors The goal is to use an autocollimator and reflector to measure the straightness of a beam or surface by detecting angular deviations at

Uploaded by

विशाल पुडासैनी
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ex.

No:
Date:
Straightness Measurement using Autocollimator
Aim:
To measure, straightness of a beam /given surface with the use of Auto-
Collimator.
Apparatus Required:
Autocollimator, Reflector, Straight edge
Prelab Questions:
1. Specify the autocollimator.

2. What is the least count of micrometer head in autocollimator?

Theory:
Tests for straightness can be carried out by using spirit level or auto-collimator. The
straightness of any surface could be determined by either of these instruments by
measuring the relative angular positions of number of adjacent sections of the surface to
be tested.
Set up diagram

Formula :
Tan = h/l
Tan - angular tilt in sec
h= Tan *l*1000 microns
l= length of the base of reflector in mm
h= rise/fall of current position with respect to previous position in microns

Graph:
Description :
Auto-collimators are sensitive and inherently very accurate optical instruments for the
measurement of small angular deviations of a light reflecting flat surface. The auto-
collimator has its own target which is projected by collimated light beams on a remotely
placed surface and the reflected target image is observed in the ocular of the instrument.
Procedure:
1. Clean the surface plate or table.
2. Position the auto-collimator in line with the reflector. Switch on the lamp in the
autocollimator, the alignment between the auto-collimator and reflector should be
checked at both extremes of the operational distance to make certain that the target
graticule is contained within the eyepiece field.
3. Fix a guide strip to control the horizontal displacement of the reflector and
minimize the movement of the target graticule
4. Mark off the positions along the surface plate equal to the pitch positions on the
reflector base (in this case 100 mm).
5. At the initial position, Make the target graticule and reflected graticule(green in
colour) to get coincide by physical adjustment( adjusting leveling screw and
collimator) and note down the reading on both micrometers ( for x and Y axis)
6. Move the carriage (reflector) to the next position and adjust the micrometers to
make the reflected graticule to coincide with target graticule. Note down both
micrometers the reading for position 2.
7. This method is to continue until the final outward position is recorded(Forward
method F)
8. To improve on the accuracy and ensure no errors have been introduced, readings
should also be taken on the inward run.( Backward method B) If this exercise is
followed then the average of the two readings is to be shown in avg column .
Tabulation for Straightness measurement using autocollimator:

Rise or fall
Mean reading Difference in the
of from first interval of Cumulative Adjustment to
Autocollimator readings length l rise or fall bring both ends Errors from
Position (sec) (sec) (mm) mm zero straight line(mm)
X axis Y axis X Y X Y X Y axis X axis Y axis X axis Y axis
axis axis axis axis axis
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Post lab Questions
Plot the straightness graph in excel.

Result:
The straightness error of the given surface found to be------- microns

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