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IS 11855 (2004): Guidelines for Design and Use of Different

Types of Rubber Seals for Hydraulic Gates [WRD 12:
Hydraulic Gates and Valves]

! $ ' +-
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
Invent a New India Using Knowledge

! > 0 B


BharthariNtiatakam
Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen
 IS 11855:2004

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Indian Standard

GUIDELINES FOR DESIGN AND USE OF

DIFFERENT TYPES OF RUBBER SEALS FOR
HYDRAULIC GATES
( First Revision)

ICS 93.160

..

@ BIS 2004

BUREAU OF IN DIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

i%lcs~f~f2004 Price Group 3

Hydraulic Gates and Valves Sectional Committee, WRD 12

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized
by the Hydraulic Gates and Valves Sectional Committee had been approved by the Water Resoutxxs Division
Council.

Dams/Ban-ages are built for storage/diversion of water for irrigation or generation of electric power. In concrete
dams, tunnelskpillways, head regulator of hydel channels, forebay intake structure, by-pass channels and draft
tube of power house, the flow of water is controlled with the help of hydraulic gates.

To prevent flow of water pasta closed gate, seals are provided either on the gate or on the metal frame in the
gate slot. Rubber is the most commonly used material for seals, as it is elastic, defo~s readily and regains its
original shape on removal of load.

This standard was first published in 1986. In this revision specification part has been separated and covered in
IS 15466:2004 Rubber seals for hydraulic gatesSpecification.

There is no 1S0 standard on the subject. This standard has been prepared based on indigenous manufacturers
data/practices prevalent in the field in India.

The composition of the Committee responsible for the formulation of this standard is given at Annex A.

For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value,
observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with
IS 2:1960 Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised). The number of significant places retained in
the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
 IS 11855:2004

Indian Standard

GUIDELINES FOR DESIGN AND USE OF

DIFFERENT TYPES OF RUBBER SEALS FOR
HYDRAULIC GATES
( First Revision)
1 SCOPE

This standard lays down guidelines for use of different 3.2 Flat/Wedge Seals
types of rubber seals used for all common types of
These seals are used generally as bottom seals for all
hydraulic gates. -
types of gates and they seal against the bottom seating
2 GENERAL plate. They require high initial compression loading

2.1 Rubber seals should be moulded only, ensuring a
homogeneous cross-section. These may also be
for proper seating. The assembly details with wedge
type of seal is shown in Fig. 2. 1,b

cladded by fluorocarbon. Specification for different 3.3 Music Note Seal

types of seal are covered in a separate Indian Standard
The arrangements of music note seal over the seal base
which is under preparation.
plate are shown in Fig. 3.
2.2 On the hollow bulb seals, a core of rubber stock
33.1 The initial interference of music note type seal
may be used in the bulb at the splice.
should vary from 2 to 5 mm depending upon the
2.3 Comer seals should be fully moulded. Details of requirement and type of its installation at the discretion
the comer seals are given in a separate Indian of the designer.
Standard which is under preparation.
3.3.2 The music note seal is generally recommended
3 USES to be used on gates operated for head up to 30 m.
3.1 Angle Shaped Seals 3.3.3 The hollow bulb music note seal is
recommended for gates operated at low head up to
The sealing effect is obtained partly due to initial
15 m.
interference with the embedded sealing plate and
partly due to the deflection under load. This type of 3.3.4 A solid bulb music note seal is recommended
seal is used on gates on the crests of dams and weirs. for gates operated at medium head, that is at a head
The assembly details with angle shaped seal is shown of water exceeding 15 m but less than 30 m.
in Fig. 1.
8 FACE OF PIER ~

SKIN

FIG. 1 ASSEMBLY DETAILS wImi ANGLE SHAPED SEAL

1
 . . .. . .. . .

IS 11855:2004

HE X HEAD BOLT
WITJ-i NUT -1

I
II R
la
8 -3

----
-4&!
I
I

5x45 =+ l==-
5x45J

FIG. 2 ASSEMBLY DETAILS WITH WEDGE TYPE SEAL

t+NNN

COMPRESSION SEAL (RECOMMENDED) (NOT RECOMMENDED)

A A A
1 v nw 4 lu-

LEAKAGE PATH PERPENDICULAR

TO STEM (NOT RECOMMENDED)

FIG. 3 Amww.mumr OF SEALS OVER SEAL BASE PLATE

.. *
..
 M 11855:2004

3.4 Double Stem or Caisson Seal 3.4.1 The sealing bulb should project 6 mm beyond
the face of the clamps. The initial interference of 2
This type of seal is used for heads exceeding .30 m, The
to 5 mm between the plane of the sealing bulb and
sealing will be obtained due to interfereme of water
sealing face of the seal seat is usually provided.
pressure between the seal seat and the seal itself as well
as behind the seal in the space between the seal buse 3.4.2 These seals may be used as top, bottom and side
plates. The arrangement of double s(em se:~l over the seals either by using them with water pressure acting
seal base is shown in Fig. 4. behind them which is withdrawn before the gate is
CLAMP R _ W#A moved to reduce/eliminate friction load or they may
be used cladded with fluorocarbon film to achieve the
same purpose. On heavy gates such seals may be well
--++ -----it-! +ll--! used as bottom seals where enough mechanical
compression becomes available to make a good seal.
l?
FLLJORO 3.5 Double Bulb Seal
&
cARt30N iILM

Thesetype of seals are used where the gate is required

4 OF TOP
SEAL SEAT
-
k

r
A
to seal from either upstream or downstream side.
These are normally used for installation such as lock
gates.
SEALING
PLANE & r A
4 FORCE ON SEALS DUE TO
-P INTERFERENCE AND DEFLECTION

An idea of the forces likely to develop in the seal due

to compression on account of interference and due to
., --- deflection is indicated in the curve shown in Fig. 5
for the guidance of designer.

6 mm MINIMUM
5 FRICTION OF SEALS

~k 2T05MMPRE-COMPRESSIC)N 5.1 The following values of coefficient of friction

for seals may be adopted in general (unless otherwise
4A A$sembly Details with Double Stern Seal determined by tests) in the design of gates and
(Upstream Sealing) associated equipment.

sl Type of Seal Coeflcient of Friction

No.
static Dynamic
(1) (2) (3) (4)
l-l-l----r ----w+-! i) Rubber seal on stainless 1.5 1.2
steel

ii) Seals with fluorocarbon 0.2 0.15

cladding on stainless steel
LANE
5.2 The area of loading to determine the frictional
load on the seals should@ as under:

a) Caisson seal The area (2A x Iength) acted

upon by water pressure behind the seal (see
Ro
FILM Fig. 5).
b) Music note seal The projected area
(Ax length) of the seal up to the centre of the
bulb (see Fig. 5).

6.1 As far as practicable only vulcanized splices

should be provided.
4B Assembly Details with Double Stem Seal
(Downstream Sealing) 6.2 All s@es in all rubber seals should be wherever
practical on a 45 bevel as related to the thickness
FIG. 4 DOUBLE !WM SI:A[.
(not the width) of the seal.

:{

.,
IS 11855:2004

-+AL

-
1
1-
C: 8
d1 !.
i

As,.
DEFLECTION X IN mm

NOTES
1 For seals of otherdimensions,valuesofforcemaybeinterpolated/extrapolated.
2 Applicablefor both solid and hollow bulb.
3 Deflection X corres+mnds to pre-compression envisaged.

FIG. 5 FORCEDEVELOPEDDUE TO DEFLECTION

6.3 The splice position should avoid bolt hole in web to avoid damage in transport and storage.
portion.
6.4 Cladded seals should not be bevelled. They 7.2 The seals should not be allowed to come in contact
should be square cut at right angle. with any sharp edged or pointed objects or any
abrasive surface that might cut or tear the rubber.
6.5 Field splices, if not vulcanized should never be
made on a bevel. Pieces should be cut at a 90 and 7S Direct sunlight, oxygen and ozone affects the
given an interference of not less than 2 mm so that physical properties of rubber and causes it to age
when they are butted tightly (one to the other) they more quickly. Seals, therefore, should be stored in
will not climb. a dark cool room in original paeking.
7 TRANSPORTATION, HANDLING AND
STORAGE OF SEALS 7.4 It is suggested to lei&e the sezds in the original
7.1 Adequate care should be taken for proper packing, however, the seal should be unrolled and
packing of the rubber seals in black polythene rolls kept on a flat surface at least 48 h before installing it.
 IS 11855:2004

ANNEX A
(Foreword)
COMMITTEE COMPOSITION

Hydraulic Gates and Valves Sectional Committee, WRD 12

Organization Representative(s)

In pemonal capacity (20$Z Pocket-2, Sector-D,VasantKunj, New Delhi) SHRIN. VISHVANATHAN

(Chairman)

J3hakraBeas Management Board, Punjab DEPUTY CHIEF ENGINEER

EXECUTtVEENGtNEER(Alternate)
Bharat Heavy Electrical Ltd Bhopal SHRIA. S. SRIVASTAVA
SHRIS. R. RAWORE (Alternate)
Central Electricity Authority, New Delhi SHRIR. K. RUSTAGI
Central Water & Power Research Station, Pune SHRIR. M. SINNARKAR
sHRt S. L. PATtL(Alternate)
Central Water Commission, New Delhi DIRECTORGATES (E& NE)
DIRECTOR(GATEs-NW &S) (Alternate)
Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board, Sunder Nagar, H.P. CHIEF ENGINEER(DE.WGN)
SHRI D. K. VAIDYARA (Alternate)
Irrigation Department, Maharashtra, Naahik SHRIV. C. SHELKE
Irrigation Research Institute, Roorkee CHtEF ENGINEER(DESIGN)
Sumtumrmtmci ENGINEER(Alternate)
National Hydroelectric Power Corporation Ltd, Faridabad Smu G. S. SHARMA
SHRIA. K. ROY (Alternate)
Orissa Construction Corporation Ltd. Bhubaneshwar DIRECTOR(MECHANICAL)
SENIORMANAGER(DESIGN) (Alternate)
Texmaco Ltd, Kolkata SHRIS. R. SINHA
SHRI UDAYANBANERJEE (Alternate)
Triveni Structural Ltd, Alkrhabad SHRIJ. P. MISHRA
SHRIB. P. .$ttmi
(Alternate)
Tungabhadra Steel Products Ltd, Karnataka Mu HUSSAINBIN ALI
(Alternate)
SHRIY. S. CHANDRASHEKARAIAH
Water Resources Development Training Centre, Roorkee SHRI (PROF) GOPALCHAUHAN
BIS Directorate General SHRIS. S. SETHI. Director & Head (WRD)
[Representing Director General (fi:oflcio)]

MemberSecretary
SHRIMATIROSY DHAWAN
Joint Director (WRD), BIS

5
 I q
;

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!
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BIS Catalogue and Standards: Monthly Additions. {

This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc : No. WRD 12 (157). l-l
/

i
Amendments Issued Since Publication /

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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