Type

of Architecture: Gothic Type of Architecture: Art Deco

About 1100-1450 A.D. 1925-1937

New ways of building meant that cathedrals and other large buildings Styling of modern technology combined with patterns and icons taken
could reach soaring heights from the Far East, classical Greece and Rome, Africa, Ancient Egypt,
India, and Mayan and Aztec cultures.
Began mainly in France
Pointed Arches: With pointed arches supporting the roof, walls Features:
could be thinner Cubic forms
Ribbed Vaulting: Instead of solid walls, builders used a series of Ziggurat shapes: Terraced pyramid with each story smaller
columns that branched up into arches. With fewer solid walls, than the one below it
buildings appeared lighter and more delicate. Complex groupings of rectangles or trapezoids
Bands of color
Flying Buttresses: Free-standing brick and stone arches helped
support exterior walls, allowing them to reach greater heights. Zigzag designs
Strong sense of line
Stained Glass Windows: Since the walls were no longer the only
Illusion of pillars
supports, Gothic buildings could include large areas of glass.
Sculptures: Gargoyles and other sculptures had both practical
and decorative functions.


Architecture Type: Classical Architecture Type: Baroque
850 AD-476 BC 1600-1830

The Classical architecture of ancient Greece and Rome has shaped the Elements of the elaborate Baroque style are found throughout Europe
way we build today. From the rise of ancient Greece until the fall of and also traveled to Latin America and European settlements around
the Roman Empire, great buildings were constructed according to the world.
precise mathematical rules.
Complicated shapes
Lasted for many centuries and evolved over time Large curved forms
Most often used for temples Twisted columns
Symmetry (same on both sides) Grand stairways
Columns, 3 types: High domes
Very decorated/elaborate





Classical style began in Greece, but when Rome took it over,
the Romans adopted the style
The invention of concrete allowed the Romans to build arches,
vaults, and domes


Architecture Type: Modern Architecture Type: Ancient Egyptian
1900-Present About 3050-900 B.C.

Modernism was not just another style - It presented a new way of
Much of what we know about ancient Egypt is based on great temples
thinking about architecture. Modernist architecture emphasizes
and tombs, which were made with granite and limestone and
function. It attempts to provide for specific needs rather than imitate
decorated with hieroglyphics, carvings, and brightly colored frescoes.
nature.
The ancient Egyptians didn't use mortar, so the stones were carefully

cut to fit together.
Many different types of modernist styles

Little or no ornamentation
Columns placed close together to hold up buildings
Factory-made parts
Columns often mimicked palms trees and other plants
Man-made materials such as metal and concrete
Temples were aligned with astronomically significant events,
Emphasis on function such as solstices and equinoxes, requiring precise
Rebellion against traditional styles measurements at the moment of the particular event


Architecture Type: Ancient Chinese
Throughout History Architecture Type: Victorian
About 1850-1901
Wood was primary material

Elegant profile: overhanging eaves, upward roof corners
Symmetrical wings (buildings connected to main building) Started in England during the reign of Queen Victoria
Use different colors or paintings according to the particular Factories provided mass-produced materials that
need or local customs were more affordable for people
Architects in ancient China pay special attention to the Elaborate (fancy) exteriors, columns
ornaments/decorations inside and out: carved screens, Colorful, lots of detail
flowers, stone lions Multiple roofs, decorative porches, towers, chimneys
Bay windows, decorative (sometimes stained) glass
Decorative windows and entry doors


Architecture Type: Mission Revival
1890-1915

Inspired by Spanish missions in California built in
1700s and 1800s
Made out of Adobe/Stucco/Plaster
Walls are smooth and tall
Usually have a central outdoor courtyard in middle of
building
Low roofs made from clay tiles
Thick arches
Deep window and door openings
Not much decoration on outside
Exposed rafters, pillars, and covered walkways