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Van Der Waals' Equation Using Newton Raphson

This document discusses solving for the volume in the van der Waals equation. It begins by introducing the van der Waals equation and noting that solving for volume is non-linear since volume appears in two places. It then presents the derivation of the Newton-Raphson method formula for approximating the volume using the van der Waals equation. This formula involves taking the derivative of the van der Waals equation with respect to volume. Finally, it notes that the Newton-Raphson method requires initial inputs like the gas constant, pressure, temperature, and number of moles and iterations, with the ideal gas law providing the first approximation of volume.

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2K views2 pages

Van Der Waals' Equation Using Newton Raphson

This document discusses solving for the volume in the van der Waals equation. It begins by introducing the van der Waals equation and noting that solving for volume is non-linear since volume appears in two places. It then presents the derivation of the Newton-Raphson method formula for approximating the volume using the van der Waals equation. This formula involves taking the derivative of the van der Waals equation with respect to volume. Finally, it notes that the Newton-Raphson method requires initial inputs like the gas constant, pressure, temperature, and number of moles and iterations, with the ideal gas law providing the first approximation of volume.

Uploaded by

kenn veloso
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solving the volume using van der Waals equation

I. INTRODUCTION

a. ENGINEERING PROBLEM STATEMENT

2
Van der Waals equation is ( + ) ( ) = , where a and b are constants that
2
can be found in tables, R is the gas constant, p is the pressure, V is the volume , n is the number
of moles and T is the temperature.

When solving the pressure and temperature, we simply substitute the given parameters
and will directly yield to the answer. However, trouble comes when solving the volume V
because it occurs at two different places (based on the equation above) and thus the equation
is not linear in V, and by further simplifying it, the equation of volume will result to a cubic
expression. Solving cubic is not as simple as solving a quadratic.

b. THEORY OF SOLUTION
We want to find V such that f(V)= 0 by rewriting the van der Waals equation to
2 ()
( + ) ( ) = 0 . Newton-Raphson approximation is given as +1 = ()
2
2
(+ )()
2
and thus the formula for van der Waals equation is +1 = 2 2(3 )
.
2 +
3

2
( + ) ( )
2

2 3
+ 2 = 0

By taking the derivative with respect to V
2 3
( + 2 = 0)

23
2
0 2 + 0 =0
3
Therefore

2 23
() = +
2 3

c. NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
The standard way of finding roots of equation is using the Newton-Raphson Method.
The program will require 7 inputs that are: the number of mole (n), the pressure (p), the
Temperature in Kelvin (T) , the value of gas constant a and b, and number of iterations. In
NRM, it must start out with a near enough value to the actual root of Vi, so here, in van
der Waals equation, the ideal gas law will give the first approximation that is V= nRT/p. With
these, solving for better approximate of the volume will be made possible.

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