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Formwork (Shuttering) For Different Structural Members - Beams, Slabs Etc

This document discusses different types of formwork used for concrete construction based on the structural member. Footing forms are used for foundations and their shape depends on the type and size of footing. Column forms need to be stiff to resist lateral pressure during pouring. Wall forms have panels, studs, braces, and ties. Floor forms vary depending on if they are for structural slabs or slabs-on-grade. Structural slab forms are built from beams and girders while slab-on-grade only needs forms on the edges.

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1K views

Formwork (Shuttering) For Different Structural Members - Beams, Slabs Etc

This document discusses different types of formwork used for concrete construction based on the structural member. Footing forms are used for foundations and their shape depends on the type and size of footing. Column forms need to be stiff to resist lateral pressure during pouring. Wall forms have panels, studs, braces, and ties. Floor forms vary depending on if they are for structural slabs or slabs-on-grade. Structural slab forms are built from beams and girders while slab-on-grade only needs forms on the edges.

Uploaded by

Aravindan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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10/7/2017 Formwork (Shuttering) for Different Structural Members -Beams, Slabs etc

Formwork (Shuttering) for Different Structural


Members -Beams, Slabs, Columns, Footings
Concrete formworks (shutterings) are required for fresh concrete constructions such as walls,
slabs, beams, columns, footings etc. Formworks requirements for different structural members are
different and they are named based on type of structural member.

Formwork (shuttering) is a temporary mould to provide support to fresh concrete when placed in
structural member until the concrete has set. This helps the structural member to gain sufficient
strength to carry its self-load and load from other members.

There are many types of structural formwork or shuttering based on its material, their use and
the type of structural members. They can be named based on that. However, core functioning of
the formwork remains the same.

Types of Formwork (Shuttering) Based on Structural


Member:
Formworks are used in construction of reinforced concrete foundations, columns, slabs, walls etc.,
and these are named as follows:

Footing Forms – Formworks for foundation


Column Forms – Formwork for RCC Column construction
Wall Forms – Formwork for RCC wall construction
Floor Forms – Formwork for construction of RCC Slabs

Footing Forms – Formworks for Foundation


The first step for any concrete construction starts with the construction of foundation. Foundation
can be for columns or walls. So, based on type of structural member, the shape and size of footing
are designed. Thus formwork size and shape depends on the type and dimension of the footing.

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10/7/2017 Formwork (Shuttering) for Different Structural Members -Beams, Slabs etc

Components of Footing Forms:

Fig: Components of Footing Formwork – For Shallow Footing – Continuous Footing


Formwork

Column Forms – Formwork for Concrete Column Construction


Reinforced concrete column forms are subjected to lateral pressure because of their small cross
section, large heights and relatively high rates of concrete placement. Thus It is necessary to
provide tight joints and strong tie support to the formwork.

As the sizes of concrete column increases, the stiffness of the formwork must be increased by
either increasing thickness of sheathing or vertical stiffeners must be added to prevent sheathing
deflection.

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10/7/2017 Formwork (Shuttering) for Different Structural Members -Beams, Slabs etc

Wall Forms – Formwork for RCC Wall Construction


Formwork for wall construction are subjected to relatively lower lateral pressure than column forms
due to their large cross-sectional area.

The components of wall forms are:

Panel sheathing – It is used to shape the wall and retain the concrete until it sets.
Studs – to support the sheathing or Wales by forming a framework to keep the forms aligned
and support the studs.
Braces – It is used to prevent deflection of forms under lateral pressure and keep the formwork
erect.
Ties and spreaders – These are used to hold the sides of the forms at the correct spacing.

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10/7/2017 Formwork (Shuttering) for Different Structural Members -Beams, Slabs etc

Fig: Components of a Wall Formwork

Floor Forms – Formwork for construction of RCC Slabs


Formwork for reinforced concrete slabs depends on the type of slabs to be constructed. The floor
slabs can be structural slabs supported on a steel or concrete structural frame, or slab-on-grade.

The design of formwork varies with the type of slab.

Structural Slab Formwork assembly is carried out as follows:

Positioning of the girder or beam form at the bottom.


Girder side forms overlaps the bottom form and rests on the shore heads and the sides of the
column form.
Side forms is held in place by ledger strips nailed to the shore heads with double-headed nails.
Larger girders should have the side forms vertically stiffened to prevent buckling.
When constructing the girder and beam forms each part must be removed without disturbing
the remainder of the form; strike-off formwork will commence with the beam and girder sides,
followed later by the column forms, and finally by the beam and gird bottoms.

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10/7/2017 Formwork (Shuttering) for Different Structural Members -Beams, Slabs etc

Fig: Structural Slab Formwork Components

Slab-on-Grade Forms are forms for concrete slabs placed on grade. These slab formworks are
usually quite simple as concrete is placed on compacted earth or gravel leveled base. Thus no
support is required for concrete at the bottom.

Fig: Components of a Slab-on-Grade Slab Formwork

Slab-on-Grade Formwork assembly is carried out as follows:

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10/7/2017 Formwork (Shuttering) for Different Structural Members -Beams, Slabs etc

Plank, plywood, or steel forms are used for forming / supporting the open edges of concrete.
These forms are held in place by supporting with wooden pegs.
The reinforcement in slab (if specified in the structural drawing) should be placed on its proper
location according to the drawing on chairs, bolsters, and spacers made of either metal or
concrete.
If the slab is to be casted in sections, construction joints must be provided between them, which
will transmit shear from one to the other. The details of construction joints should be followed as
per structural drawing.

Read More:

Types of Formwork (Shuttering) for Concrete Construction

Plastic Formworks for Concrete – Applications and Advantages in Construction

Concrete Formwork Design Considerations – Basis for Concrete Formwork Design

Wooden Concrete Formwork Design Criteria with Calculation Formulas

Concrete Formwork Loads and Pressure Calculations

Concrete Formwork Removal Time, Specifications and Calculations

Measurement of Formworks

Formwork Safe Practices Checklist

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