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1 3/27/2013 Prof. Dr. Magdi El-Saadawi

The document discusses mechanical design considerations for transmission lines. It covers topics such as sag of transmission lines which depends on factors like conductor weight, span length, tension and weather. The catenary curve that transmission lines form between supports is analyzed using concepts of tension, weight and geometry. Methods to calculate tension at different points on the wire and sag are presented. The effects of ice accumulation and wind loading on sag are examined. Minimum ground clearance requirements are also addressed.

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64 views22 pages

1 3/27/2013 Prof. Dr. Magdi El-Saadawi

The document discusses mechanical design considerations for transmission lines. It covers topics such as sag of transmission lines which depends on factors like conductor weight, span length, tension and weather. The catenary curve that transmission lines form between supports is analyzed using concepts of tension, weight and geometry. Methods to calculate tension at different points on the wire and sag are presented. The effects of ice accumulation and wind loading on sag are examined. Minimum ground clearance requirements are also addressed.

Uploaded by

bbhscribd
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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‫بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم‬

‫رب اشرح لى صدرى‬


‫ويسر لى أمر‬
‫واحلل عقدة من لسانى‬
‫يفقهوا قولى‬
‫صدق هللا العظيم‬
‫‪3/27/2013‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Magdi El-Saadawi‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
Chapter 10

Mechanical Design of
Transmission Lines
pp. 232-269

3/27/2013 Prof. Dr. Magdi El-Saadawi 2


Sag of Transmission Lines
‫هو مقدار انخفاض هذه النقطة عن مستوى نقطة التعليق‬
Sag of T.L depends on:

- Conductor weight.
- Span length.
- Tension in the conductor.
- Weather conditions (wind , ice).
- Temperature.
The Catenary Curve p.333
When a perfectly flexible wire of uniform weight is hung
between the two horizontal supports, it will form a catenary.
The Catenary Curve p.333
• l is the distance between the support,
• w the weight per unit length of the wire,
• T0 the tension in the wire at the lowest point H of the
wire in kg ==== T0 = wc .
•  is the angle subtended by T with the horizontal axis.

• Consider the equilibrium of the small length s of the


wire up to point P(x, y).
• Three forces are acting on this length of the wire:
 The horizontal tension T0 = wc,
 The vertical weight ws,
 The tension T.
S = length of the wire measured from the
lowest point H to any point P (x,y)

10-7

10-10

10-12
y = the vertical height of any point P (x,y) as
measured above the origin

10-9

10-11

10-13
Tension Calculations pp. 338
To calculate tension T at any point P(x,y) on the wire

But
(10.14)

The tension in the wire at any point P (x,y) in the wire is the
product of the y-coordinate of the point and the weight per unit
length of the wire.
Sag Calculations pp. 339
Length L of the Conductor pp. 339
1- Supports at the Same Level

D
a- Effect of Ice

Ice layer

Conductor
d: conductor diameter
t: ice thickness
Vi : Volume of ice
Vi = π/4 .((d+2t)2 –d2).1
or
Vi = π (d + t).t
Ice weight (Wi):
Wi= π ρ.(d+t).t
ρ is the ice density ( kg/m3)
b- Effect of Wind
The wind pressure P (kg/m2) is assumed
to act horizontal on the projected area
of the conductor:
Ww = P.d.1 No ice.
Ww = P.(d+2t).1 With ice of thickness t

Ww: Weight due to wind in Kg/m.


Conductor

Ww
ϴ

Wt
W + Wi
Wt : Total conductor weight.
Wt = ((W + Wi )2 + Ww2)0.5
Sag in conductor (D):

D= Wt . L2/8T ϴ D

This sag makes an angle ϴ with vertical


Cos ϴ = (W+Wi)/Wt
Vertical Sag:
Dy= D.Cos ϴ
Minimum Clearance between the
ground and the conductor pp 362

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