Geometric Modeling In: Computer Aided Design (CAD)
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swapnil kaleGeometric Modeling In: Computer Aided Design (CAD)
Uploaded by
swapnil kaleGeometric Modeling
in
Computer Aided Design
(CAD)
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
Geometric Modeling
• Definition: Geometric modeling is the
technique we use to describe the shape of
an object.
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
CAD Computer- Aided Drafting
and Design
• 2D - Two Dimensional
• 3D - Three Dimensional
– Wire Frame Models
– Surface Models
– Solid Models
– Parametric Models
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
3-D Wire Frame Modeling
• Disadvantages:
– Not able to fully define
real objects
(No volume and mass)
– Displays only edges of
a model
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
Surface Modeling
• Surface models
provide a more
complete description
of the object, but is
still not as good as
the solid model.
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
Surface Modeling
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
Solid Modeling
Solid
B-Rep CSG
Boundary Constructive
Representation: Solid Geometry:
•Extrusion •Construction of solid
by combining primitives
•Revolving using Boolean
•Sweeping operators of union,
intersection, and
•Blending difference
of 2-D profiles •Uses solid primitives
(cylinder, cone, etc.) as
building blocks
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
Solid Modeling
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
Solid Modeling
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
Parametric Modeling
Parametric Modeling
Dimension-Driven Modeling Constraint-Based Modeling
Uses parameters to Uses geometric
specify dimensions of constraints such as
entities parallelism, concentricity,
etc.
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
Design
Design
Product/Process
Personal Expression
Development
(Artisitic)
(Technical)
Aesthetic Functional
(Industrial Design) (Engineering Design)
Engineering
Design Cycle
Product Process
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
Basic Geometric Entities
• Point (X,Y,Z)
• Line (X,Y,Z) Start (X,Y,Z) End
• Circle (X,Y,Z) Center & Diameter
• Arc (X,Y,Z) Center , Radius, Start & End
Angle or Point
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
More advanced Approaches
• Feature-based modeling
– Uses features such as holes, ribs, pockets, slots
– More advanced than CSG
• Assembly modeling
– Modeling of assembled parts
– Utilizes much of the same technology as solid
modeling
• Product modeling
– Includes not only the geometry of an object, but also
any information that is needed to design, develop,
and produce the product. (e.g. stress-analysis)
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
Basic CAD Functions
• Viewing Commands (zoom, pan, etc..)
• File commands (new, open, save, etc..)
• Drawing Commands (line, circle,
rectangle, arc, spline, 3D shapes, etc..)
• Modifying Commands (Trim, erase,
extend, copy, move, Extending, etc..)
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
Neutral File Formats
• DWG – AutoCAD Drawing file
• DXF - Drawing Exchange Format
• IGES - Initial Graphics Exchange
Specification
• CADL- CADKEY Advanced Design
Language
• STL - Sterolithography.
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
Future Directions of 3-D
Modeling
• Geometric modeling will be “supplanted by
product modeling which not only includes
the geometry of the object, but any
information or data that is needed to
design, develop, produce and support the
product through its entire life cycle.”
MENG 351, Lecture 3 Dr. Hesham Hegazi
Commercial CAD Software
• Pro Engineer (http://www.ptc.com/)
• Unigraphics (http://www.ugsolutions.com/)
• Autocad (http://www.autodesk.com/)
• CADKEY (http://www.cadkey.com/)
• Microstation
• CATIA
(http://www-
.ibm.com/solutions/engineering/eshome.nsf/public/catmain)
• VisualCADD (http://www.imsisoft.com/products/visualcadd/index.cfm)
• TurboCAD (http://www.turbocad.com/)
• SolidWorks (http://w ww.solidworks.com/)
