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Homework 8 CHE 251A

This document contains 6 questions regarding heat capacities, enthalpy changes, and heat transfer calculations for various chemical and physical processes involving gases, solids, liquids, and phase changes. The questions cover topics like: 1) Proving the relationship between heat capacities at constant pressure and volume for ideal gases. 2) Calculating the heat transfer rate for air flowing through and heating an industrial motor. 3) Computing the heat required to raise the temperature of sodium carbonate using its true and estimated heat capacities. 4) Determining enthalpy changes for hydrogen cyanide using its heat capacity expressions and assuming ideal gas behavior. 5) Computing heat removal rates for producing dry ice from carbon dioxide at different pressures

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Abhishek Arya
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415 views2 pages

Homework 8 CHE 251A

This document contains 6 questions regarding heat capacities, enthalpy changes, and heat transfer calculations for various chemical and physical processes involving gases, solids, liquids, and phase changes. The questions cover topics like: 1) Proving the relationship between heat capacities at constant pressure and volume for ideal gases. 2) Calculating the heat transfer rate for air flowing through and heating an industrial motor. 3) Computing the heat required to raise the temperature of sodium carbonate using its true and estimated heat capacities. 4) Determining enthalpy changes for hydrogen cyanide using its heat capacity expressions and assuming ideal gas behavior. 5) Computing heat removal rates for producing dry ice from carbon dioxide at different pressures

Uploaded by

Abhishek Arya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Homework-8

Q-1 The heat capacities of a substance have been defined as


̂ ̂
( ) ( )
Use the defining relationship between ̂ and ̂ and the fact that ̂ and ̂ for ideal gases are
functions only of temperature to prove that Cp=Cv+R for an ideal gas.

Q-2 A stream of air at 77°F and 1.2 atm absolute flowing at a rate of 200 ft3/h is blown through
ducts that pass through the interior of a large industrial motor. The air emerges at 500°F. Using
tabulated specific enthalpy data, calculate the rate at which the air is removing heat generated by
the motor.

Q-3 Calculate the heat required to raise 50 kg of solid sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) from 10°C to
50°C at 1 atm using
a) The true heat capacity of Na2CO3, which is 1.14 kJ/ (kg· 0 C).
b) A heat capacity estimated by Kopp's rule. Calculate the percentage error in the latter
calculation.

Q-4 The heat capacity at constant pressure of hydrogen cyanide is given by the expression
Cp (J/ (mol. °C)] = 35.3 + 0.0291T (°C)
a) Write an expression for the heat capacity at constant volume for HCN, assuming ideal gas
behavior
b) Calculate  ̂ (J/mol) for the constant-pressure process
HCN (v, 25°C, 0.80 atm) HCN (v, 100°C, 0.80 atm)
c) Calculate  ̂ (J/mol) for the constant-volume process
HCN (v, 25°C, 50 m3/kmol) HCN (v, 100°C, 50m3/kmol)
d) If the process of part (b) were carried out in such a way that the initial and final pressures
were each 0.80 atm but the pressure varied during the heating, the value of  ̂ would still
be what you calculated assuming a constant pressure. Why is this so?

Q-5 If carbon dioxide is cooled at 1atm, it condenses directly to a solid (dry ice) at 78.4 0C. The heat of ˆ
sublimation at this temperature is (78 .40 C) = 6030 cal/mol.

a) Calculate the heat removal rate (kW) required to produce 300 kg/h of dry ice at 1 atm and
78.40C if CO (v) at 20 C is the feed.
b) Suppose the process is carried out at 9.9 atm instead of 1 atm with the same initial and final
temperatures. Write an expression for the required heat removal rate in terms of heat
capacities and latent heats of CO in different phases.
Q-6 Molten sodium chloride is to be used as a constant-temperature bath for a high-temperature
chemical reactor. Two hundred kilograms of solid NaCl at 300 K is charged into an insulated vessel,
and a 3000 kW electrical heater is turned on, raising the salt to its melting point of 1073 K and
melting it at a constant pressure of 1atm
a) The heat capacity (Cp) of solid NaCl is 50.41 J/(mol·K) at T = 300 K. and 53.94 J/(mol·K) at T
= 500 K, and the heat of fusion of NaCl at 1073 K is 30.21 kJ/mol. Use these data to determine
a linear expression for Cp(T) and to calculate  ̂ (kJ/mol) for the transition of NaCl from a
solid at 300 K to a liquid at 1073 K.
b) Write and solve the energy balance equation for this closed system isobaric process to
determine the required heat input in kilojoules
c) If 85% of the full power of 3000 kW goes into heating and melting the salt, how long does
the process take?

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