International Journal for Research in Technological Studies| Vol.

3, Issue 5, April 2016 | ISSN (online): 2348-1439

Automatic Waste (Metal and Non-Metal) Separation using IR Sensor

G.Krishna Veni1 P.Srilakshmi2 B.Uma3
1,2,3
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
1,2,3
Acharya Nagarjuna University Bapatla Women‟s Engineering College, Bapatla
Abstract— In India, the collection, transportation and controller. L293D has output current of 600mA and peak
disposal of waste are unscientific and chaotic. Uncontrolled output current of 1.2A per channel can harbor disease
dumping of waste on outskirts of towns and cities has vectors which spread harmful diseases.
created overflowing landfills, health hazards for the
E. Microcontroller:
surrounding public. Many machines work to divide and
segregate, recycle the waste in various methods like The Atmel AT89C52 is a powerful microcomputer which
incineration. But for household waste, bag pickers play an provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to
important role in the recycling of urban solid waste. Rag many embedded control applications
pickers and conservancy staff have higher morbidity due to F. RST:
infections of skin, respiratory, gastro-intestinal tract and
multisystem allergic disorders, in addition to a high RST means RESET, 89C52 uses an active high reset pin .it
must go high for two machine cycles .The simple pc circuit
prevalence of bites of rodents, dogs and other vermin.
used here will supply voltage (Vcc) to reset pin until
Keywords— Unscientific, Bag Pickers, Recycling,
capacitance begins to charge.
Morbidity, Vermin, Respiratory
G. IR Proximity Sensor:
I. INTRODUCTION When waste falls into the system it is detected by the IR
The main aim of the project is to segregated waste because proximity sensor. The IR led keeps transmitting IR
when the waste is separated into streams such as wet, dry proximity infrared rays lap to some range.
and metallic. The waste has a higher potential of recovery
H. Metal Detector:
and consequently, re-cycled and reuse. The wet waste
fraction is often converted either into compost can replace Now the waste falls on the metal detector have inductive
demand for chemical fertilizers, and biogas can be used as coil which is the parallel inductance and capacitance (LC)
source of energy, the metallic waste could be reused or circuit the measure.
recycled. In recent times, garbage disposal as become a huge
cause for condemn in the world. A voluminous amount of III. CIRCUIT OPERATION
waste that is generated is disposed by means which have an A. AT89C52:
adverse effect on that environment.
The Atmel AT89C52 contain 4K bytes of flash, 256 bytes of
RAM, 32 I/O lines, two 16-bit timer/counters, a five vector
II. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, and
A. Power Supply: on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry .The architecture of
The power supply is a primary requirement for the project 8052 is similar to 8051 with 4 I/O port,3 timer/counters etc.;
work .the required dc power supply for the base unit as well The main operation done in this controller with 40 pins.
as for the recharging unit is derived from the main line. For B. The On-Chip Oscillator:
this purpose center trapped secondary of 12v 0v 12v
Pins in AT89C52 XTAL1 and XTAL2 are provided for
transformer is used. From this transformer we getting 5v
connecting a resonant network to form an oscillator. The
power supply.
crystal frequency is basic internal clock frequency. The
B. Voltage Regulator: maximum and minimum frequencies are specified from 1 to
LM78XXXY series of the three terminal regulations is 24Mhz.Program instructions may require one, two (or) four
available which several fixed output voltages, making then machine cycles to be executed depending on type of
useful in a wide range of applications. This voltage available instruction to calculate the time any particular instruction
allows these regulators to be used in logic systems, will take to be executed, the number of cycles „c‟
instrumentation and other solid state electronic equipment. T=C*12d/crystal frequency

C. LED Display: C. IR Sensor:

An image in an LCD is formed by applying an electric field In IR sensor contain the following classifications Max 232c:
to alter the chemical properties of each LCC (liquid crystal It is a converter connected to serial or comport of the pc. It
cell) in the display in order to change a pixel‟s light convert RS232 standard to TTL standard and vice versa the
absorption properties. These LCC‟S modify the image max 232c in operated with +5VDC from the connection.
produced by the backlight into the screen output requested D. IR Modulator:
by the controller. A 16 character X2 line LCD module to the
The IR modulator is an as table multivibrator developed
parallel port.
NS555IC for 33KHZ frequencies to use machine.
D. L293D:
DC motors are here, there are many things which you can do
with your dc motors when interfaced with a micro

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 Automatic Waste (Metal and Non-Metal) Separation using IR Sensor
(IJRTS/Vol. 3/Issue 5/April 2016)

E. IR LED:
The IRLED receives 35KHZ frequency or 0HZ frequency
from modulator via driver transistor, BC547 the output of IR
LED is an IR light produced while receiving Bit 0 from pc
F. Metal Detector:
The detector measures the parallel resonance impedance of a
parallel LC circuit and return data as a proximity value to
the microcontroller using LDC1000. This gives different
logical outputs in the presence of metal and in the absence
of metal. This is fed as input to the microcontroller, and we
can see whether the waste is metal or not with the help of
LCD interfaced with microcontroller.
G. DC Geared Motor:
DC geared motor receives inputs from microcontroller to
monitor the clockwise and anti-clockwise motion of the
motor.

IV. RESULT
Developed the program for functioning of microcontroller
8051 and build in vision with no errors.

Fig. 3: Flow Chart

V. CONCLUSION
The proposed system “automatic waste separator “sorts
wastes into three different categories, namely metal, dry and
the wet waste. Waste segregation means division of waste
into bio-degradable and degradable waste. It is a low cost,
most appropriate technological option for safe management.
Through this system we can realize a compact, low cost and
user friendly separation system for urban house hold,
college and offices to streamline the waste management
Fig. 1: Block diagram of AWS process.
Dumped code after the preparation of hardware
required for the proposed system using flash magic REFERENCES
software. The detector of waste as metal or non-metal is [1] ”Automated waste segregator”, Amrutha
done by dumping them into hardware design kit and verified chandramohan, joyal Mendonca, Nikhil U Baheti, nitin
for many objects call into the system. Kumar Krishnan* Suma MS Rashtreeya vidyalaya
college of Engineering (R.V.C.I).
[2] ”Micro Controller based Automatic waste segregrator”,
M.K. Pushpa, Aavushi Gupta, Shariq journal of
Innovative research in Electronics, Instrumentation and
control Engineering Vol.3,Issue 5,May 2015.
[3] Concept, Resign and Implementations of Automatic
waste Management system, Adil Bashir, Shoaid Amin
Banday, Deptt.of.ECE from Mohammad Shafi, Dept of
CSE, VIT University, and Chennai.
http://WWW.tandfoline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13504509
.2014.971452#.Vh or Tp mqqko.

Fig. 2: Block diagram of AWS

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