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Combined Footing Design With Example

A combined footing supports multiple columns in a single footing to reduce costs when columns are close together. It is rectangular in shape and designed to distribute loads such that pressure is uniform below the entire footing area. The design process involves locating column loads, proportioning the footing size, calculating shear forces and moments, determining reinforcement, and detailing the steel similarly to beams.

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Phil Wilsons Moreno
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284 views

Combined Footing Design With Example

A combined footing supports multiple columns in a single footing to reduce costs when columns are close together. It is rectangular in shape and designed to distribute loads such that pressure is uniform below the entire footing area. The design process involves locating column loads, proportioning the footing size, calculating shear forces and moments, determining reinforcement, and detailing the steel similarly to beams.

Uploaded by

Phil Wilsons Moreno
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMBINED FOOTING

DESIGN WITH EXAMPLE


The function of a footing or a foundation is to transmit the load
form the structure to the underlying soil. The choice of suitable
type of footing depends on the depth at which the bearing strata
lies, the soil condition and the type of superstructure.

Combined footing

Whenever two or more columns in a straight line are carried on a


single spread footing, it is called a combined footing. Isolated
footings for each column are generally the economical.

Combined footings are provided only when it is absolutely


necessary, as

1. When two columns are close together, causing overlap of


adjacent isolated footings
2. Where soil bearing capacity is low, causing overlap of
adjacent isolated footings
3. Proximity of building line or existing building or sewer,
adjacent to a building column.
Types of Combined Footing
 The combined footing may be rectangular, trapezoidal or
Tee-shaped in plan.
 The geometric proportions and shape are so fixed that the
centeroid of the footing area coincides with the resultant
of the column loads. This results in uniform pressure
below the entire area of footing.
 Trapezoidal footing is provided when one column load is
much more than the other. As a result, the both
projections of footing beyond the faces of the columns will
be restricted.
 Rectangular footing is provided when one of the
projections of the footing is restricted or the width of the
footing is restricted.

Rectangular combined footing


 Longitudinally, the footing acts as an upward loaded
beam spanning between columns and cantilevering
beyond. Using statics, the shear force and bending
moment diagrams in the longitudinal direction are drawn.
Moment is checked at the faces of the column. Shear
force is critical at distance ‘d’ from the faces of columns
or at the point of contra flexure. Two-way shear is
checked under the heavier column.
 The footing is also subjected to transverse bending and
this bending is spread over a transverse strip near the
column.
Design Steps

 Locate the point of application of the column loads on the


footing.
 Proportion the footing such that the resultant of loads
passes through the center of footing.
 Compute the area of footing such that the allowable soil
pressure is not exceeded.
 Calculate the shear forces and bending moments at the
salient points and hence draw SFD and BMD.
 Fix the depth of footing from the maximum bending
moment.
 Calculate the transverse bending moment and design the
transverse section for depth and reinforcement. Check for
anchorage and shear.
 Check the footing for longitudinal shear and hence design
the longitudinal steel
 Design the reinforcement for the longitudinal moment and
place them in the appropriate positions.
 Check the development length for longitudinal steel
 Curtail the longitudinal bars for economy
 Draw and detail the reinforcement
 Prepare the bar bending schedule

Detailing

Detailing of steel (both longitudinal and transverse) in a


combined footing is similar to that of conventional beam-SP-34.
Detailing requirements of beams and slabs should be followed as
appropriate-SP-34

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