2/10/2018 Lab 1: Examine Seismic Data – QAB4083: Seismic Data Processing

QAB4083: Seismic Data Processing

Lab 1: Examine Seismic Data

Posted on August 21, 2016August 21, 2016 by nazrinshukri

The seismic data and its data must be carefully looked when meeting the seismic data for the first time.
The seismic data and the header contains information and tabulation of parameters used to acquire the
data. These data are store in the seismic data format SeismicData.mat. The data and the header is to be
examined by using the MATLAB.

Examining the Data Set

By loading the SeismicData.mat, the 2D seismic data and its header information was able to be
examined. By loading the data, two variables was obtained:

D
H

Header Information

After loading SeismicData.mat. Variable H as seen in the table above shows that is a 1 × 594 structure
array with many field such as the:

dt – Time sampling interval

But in order to access any of these fields, a new vector needs to be created. There are many more fields
which can be explored similarly. A MATLAB function called extractin_geometry.m can be used to obtain
geometrical information such as:

sx & sy – source coordinate

After obtaining the different geometrical variables, it is used to plot the number of seismic traces versus
the number of shot gathers. The plot are as below:
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2/10/2018 Lab 1: Examine Seismic Data – QAB4083: Seismic Data Processing

It can also be used to plot the number of source x-axis locations versus the number of traces as seen
below:

In order to plot the receiver x-axis locations versus the number of traces, the code needs to be altered by
calling the receiver parameter. The said plot are as below:

The last and final plot is the seismic stacking chart where the vertical axis shows the shot number and
the horizontal axis shows the shot and receiver x-coordinate. The plot are as below:

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2/10/2018 Lab 1: Examine Seismic Data – QAB4083: Seismic Data Processing

Displaying Seismic Data

There are several ways of displaying the seismic sections but the most commonly used displays are:

The wiggle display: plots seismic trace amplitudes as a function of time.

The figures below shows the shot gather number 8 as displayed using the variable area display and the
variable density display in both grey and colours:

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2/10/2018 Lab 1: Examine Seismic Data – QAB4083: Seismic Data Processing

Displaying a group of seismic shot gathers concatenated together can also be done by using the same
function extracting_shots.m. The figure below shows the extracted shot gathers number 4-6 in their
variable area display.

Computer Assignment

Load the seismic data SeismicDat.mat.

Examine the seismic data header information and obtain the following information: common depth-
point (CDP) values, number of time samples (nt), spatial interval (dx) and time sampling interval
(dt).

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2/10/2018 Lab 1: Examine Seismic Data – QAB4083: Seismic Data Processing

Display shot gather 12-15 using the:

Grey-scaled image plo ing

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2/10/2018 Lab 1: Examine Seismic Data – QAB4083: Seismic Data Processing

Coloured image plo ing

Based on the shot gathers display, it can be seen that the amplitude is decreasing with time where it
requires to be edited by muting this trace as it will affect the subsequent processing steps.

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