7.

Sistem Kontrol (control system)

1. Why is it important that a transmitter has been correctly installed at the correct
location
a. The control system is depending on the best possible process signal
b. It is important to have easy access to the transmitter for maintenance
c. It must be easy to observe for troubleshooting
d. Can be installed anywhere in the piping system

2. What type of component does this graphical symbol illustrate?

a. Pressure-reducing regulator.
b. Pressure relief valve
c. Pressure switch
d. Flow controller
3. What will be the probable outcome, if the amplification is set too high on a
temperature controller?
a. The process will oscillate and get out of control
b. Nothing
c. The process response will be very slow
d. The set-point will change
4. Which component does this graphical symbol illustrate?
a. Pressure indicator, installed on panel/console
b. Pressure instument, installed locally
c. Pressure relief valve, self-contained
d. PH analyzer
5. Which of the following instruments is normally part of a control-loop?
a. Transducer
b. Indicator
c. Plotter
d. Gauge

6. Which of the following systems will include a D/P transmitter in the control-
loop
 a. Pressure
b. Temperature
c. Smoke indication
d. Oil mist
7. This block diagram illustrates an elementary control system. What is the
common name for this type of system?
a. Closed loop feed back system
b. Open loop feed back system
c. Feed forward system
d. Scmitt trigger
8. Measuring instruments must be routinely calibrated. What is the meant by
instrument calibration?
a. Comparing input and output values against a documented standard
b. Comparing two instruments of the same type
c. Adjusting size to fit process connection
d. Turning gauge too an easy reading position
9. During routine checking of alarm functions of main and auxiliary equipment,
some setpoints are cancelled due to a mistake. What is the appropriate
routine to ensure correct setpoints are set?
a. Consult with the instruction manual for the equipment in question for
correct values.
b. Ask your colleague if he remembers the correct setpoint
c. Check from previous records for correct values
d. Select a setpoint based on present condition allowing for a reasonable
safety margin.
10. In measurement systems there is often a need to specify performance
characteristics. One such characteristic may be referred to as 'dead band'. What
is the definition of DEAD BAND?
a. The change needed in the input signal to produce a change in the
output signal.
b. The change in the output signal produced by a certain change in the
input signal.
c. The largest difference in the output signal for the same change in the
input signal.
 d. A missing electrical signal with no output.
11. In measurement systems, which of the listed sensors is suitable for physical
displacement?
a. Strain gauge
b. Thermocouple
c. Thermistor
d. Pt 500
12. Thermocouples are often used for measuring temperatures. Which of the
following descriptions explains the principle of operation of a thermocouple?
a. A junction between two dissimilar metals generates a small voltage.
b. A semi-conductor device that exhibits a negative coefficient of
resistance with temperature.
c. A resistance device that exhibits a positive coefficient of resistance
with temperature.
d. A quartz crystal that changes its resonant frequency with temperature.
13. This circuit is a logic gate with two input signals, A and B, and one output
signal Q. Which type of logic function does the gate perform?
a. NOR gate
b. NAND gate
c. OR gate
d. AND gate

14. This graphical symbol is a logic gate with truth table. Which gate?
a. OR
b. AND
c. NOR
d. NAND
15. This is the graphical symbol and truth table for a logic gate. Which gate?
a. NOR
b. NAND
c. OR
d. AND
16. Two reference points for pressure exist, absolute zero and atmospheric
pressure. What is the common name pressures measured relative to
 atmospheric pressure?
a. Gauge pressure
b. Atmospheric pressure
c. Absolute pressure
d. Pressure drop
17. What can be measured by means of a manometer?
a. Pressure
b. Strain
c. Temperature
d. Motion
18. What is the difference between a PRESSURE SWITCH and a PRESSURE
TRANSMITTER, if any?
a. The pressure switch has contact(s) that will change between open and
closed position.The pressure transmitter converts a pressure signal into
an electric signal.
b. There is no difference.
c. The pressure switch gives out an analogue signal depending on the
switch setting.The pressure transmitter gives out a binary signal
depending on the pressure.
d. The pressure switch gives out a digital signal dependent on pressure
and temperature.The pressure transmitter converts a pressure signal to
a digital signal.
19. What is the main difference between a THERMOSTAT and a
TEMPERATURE TRANSMITTER, if any?
a. The thermostat has one or more contacts (open or closed) depending
on the temperature/setting. The temperature transmitter converts a
temperature signal to an electric signal.
b. There is no difference.
c. The thermostat gives out an analogue signal depending on the switch
setting. The temperature transmitter gives out a binary signal
depending on the temperature.
d. The temperature transmitter is a digital component while the
thermostat is an analogue component.
20. What type of signal output is derived from a NiCr/Ni thermocouple?
 a. mV.
b. Ohm.
c. mA.
d. Watt
21. When measuring level of liquids with a differential pressure meter, the name
of the sensing device is:
a. Pressure diaphragm
b. Float
c. Capacitance probe
d. Positive displacement tube

22. When calibrating a pressure transducer we have to adjust both SPAN and
ZERO. Please indicate in which order these adjustments should be done.
a. First Zero adjustment and the Span adjustment. Then Zero should be
rechecked.
b. First Span adjustment and then Zero adjustment. After that Span
setting should be checked again.
c. First Span adjustment and then Zero adjustment. Then do not adjust
anything.
d. The order of adjustment is of no importance.
23. When calibrating an instrument what is the most common first step in the
procedure ?
a. Adjustment of Zero-point
b. Adjustment of span
c. Adjustment of range
d. Adjustment of linearity
24. When calibrating an instrument what is the most common second step in the
procedure?
a. Check linearity
b. Adjustment of span
c. Adjustment of range
d. Adjustment of Zero-point
25. When measuring flow of fluids with a fixed area flow meter, the name of the
sensing device is?
 a. Orifice plate
b. Float
c. Turbine rotor
d. Positive displacement rotor
26. Which component does this graphical symbol illustrate?
a. Resistance temperature sensor
b. Potentiometer
c. Thermocouple
d. Triac
27. Which device does this graphical symbol illustrate?
a. Remote level controller with indicator
b. Local level controller with indicator
c. Level switch for centre-tank
d. Low carbon incinerator
28. Which of the following detectors is commonly used for sensing if a watertight
steel door is closed or open?
a. Proximity switch
b. Synchro
c. Strain gauge
d. Transducer
29. Which of the following detectors would you choose for measuring the torque
of a steel shaft?
a. Strain gauge
b. Ultrasonic gauge
c. Synchro
d. Pyrometer
30. Which of the following letter combinations represents a flow indicating
controller on a process and instrumentation diagram
a. FIC
b. LIR
c. FLO
d. FIR
31. Which of the following letter combinations represents a temperature controller
on a process and instrumentation diagram?
 a. TC
b. TIC
c. PIC
d. FIC
32. Which type temperature sensors are shown on the picture?
a. Resistance sensors
b. Thermocouple sensors
c. Thermistors type NTC
d. Thermistor type PTC
33. If the outlet temperature “Tout" is kept constant at 65 degrees C and during
normal sea speed the inlet temperature “Tin” is 62 degree C, what would 'Tin"
show during engine slow down ?

a. Inlet temperature “Tin" will fluctuate

b. Inlet temperature "Tin" will decrease
c. Inlet temperature "Tin" will be kept constant by controller
d. Inlet temperature "Tin" will increase
34. What kind of temperature control system is fitted in this lubrication oil system
?

a. Controlling the inlet by regulating the inlet

 b. Controlling the outlet by regulating the outlet
c. Controlling the outlet by regulating the inlet
d. Controlling the inlet by regulating the outlet
35. What is the component marked “W” ?

a. A WAX by-pass temperature controller

b. A water strainer
c. A manual 3-way water by-pass valve
d. A water by-pass buffer
36. For this auxiliary diesel fresh water system, what method of temperature
control is used ?

a. Controlling the outlet by regulating the outlet

b. Controlling the inlet by regulating the inlet
c. Controlling the outlet by regulating the inlet
d. Controlling the inlet by regulating the outlet
37. What part of a pneumatic control system is this ?

a. A differentiator assembly
b. An amplifier
c. An integrator assembly
 d. A nozzle/flapper assembly
38. In this nozzle/flapper assembly (part of a pneumatic control system) at what
distance away from the nozzle oes the flapper need to be mooed in order not to
have any influence on the HEW (nozzle back pressure) ?

a. h = 0.25 D
b. h = D
c. h = 0.4 D
d. h = 0.5 D
39. What is the meaning of the pressure indicated by NBP on this nozzle/flapper
assembly ?

a. Nozzle Balance Pressure

b. Nominal Balance Pressure
c. Normal Basic Pressure
d. Nozzle Back Pressure
40. What is the most common reason for malfunctioning or erratic functioning of
a pneumatic nozzle/Flapper ) assembly ?

a. Oil or moisture in the back pressure line (NBP)

b. The flapper is broken or distorted
c. Dirty air passages of restrictor and nozzle
d. The nozzle is worn out
41. If the flapper is pushed against the nozzle so that h = 0, what will the reading
 of NBP become ?

a. 3 psi
b. 0 psi
c. 20 psi
d. 15 psi
42. This characteristic shows that only linear part a-b can be used. This means
that the normal effective travel the flapper is only …… for the full measuring
range.

a. 0.05 mm
b. mm
c. 0.10 mm
d. 0.005 mm

43. As we can use only the linear part of the characteristic, this shows that the
flapper can only travel 0.01 mm, therefore DELTA psi obtained can only be
less than 1 psi. Can we use the flapper nozzle system ?

a. Yes, but the readings obtained between DELTA psi need to be

amplified
 b. No , the flapper system will gives erratic readings
c. No, the nozzle/flapper assembly needs modification
d. Yes, but the valves need a servo booster
44. The proportional linear signal for a pneumatic nozzle/flapper assembly is only
less than 1 psi for 0.01 mm flapper travel. How do we make use of this signal ?

a. By using a regulator on the servo of the pneumatic valve

b. By sending it to a Pneumatic Amplifier
c. By changing the diameter of the Pneumatic valve actuator
d. By sending the signal to another flapper/nozzle

45. What pneumatic control device is shown here ?

a. A pneumatic controller
b. A pneumatic amplifier
c. A pneumatic flapper / nozzle assembly
d. A pneumatic booster aggregate
46. On which part of the Pneumatic Amplifier is the nozzle back pressure of the
nozzles / flapper (NBP) acting ?
 a. On spring S
b. On valve V
c. On ball valve B
d. On membrane M
47. By what parts is the outlet pressure Pu of this pneumatic transmitter directly
controlled ?

a. spring tension in S
b. By the restriction R
c. By the stand of the valves V and B
d. By slight fluctuation of supply pressure
48. What is the function of ball value B in relation to the outlet pressure Pu of
this pneumatic amplifier?

a. To counteract the pressure on the membrane M , decrease Pu

b. To push the atmospheric vent close, increase Pu
c. To push the membrane back in place after each movement
d. Opening port of 20 psi supply air access
49. What is the function of value V in relation to the outlet pressure Pu of this
pneumatic amplifier?

a. To allow venting of pressure Pu to the atmosphere

b. To push spring S open via the ball B
c. To allow stabilising feedback pressure on the membrane
d. To transmit the pressure Pu to the membrane

50. What would be the result if after period of time the tension of spring S should
weaken on this pneumatic amplifier ?

a. It would increase the output pressure Pu

b. It will not have any effect
c. It would decrease the output pressure Pu
d. It will destabilise the amplifier
51. These characteristics show Pu in relation to flapper distance and LISP of a
pneumatic nozzle flapper and transmitter; thus with the smallest distance
movements it fluctuates sharply. What is the result and the remedy ?
 a. Unsteady operation .Springs are to be fitted on all moving parts
b. Tendency to open. Fit elongated flappers in output
c. Unsteady operation. Bellows are to be fitted in pneumatic lines.
d. Tendency to close. Fit by pass nozzle to amplifier

52. This an actual lay-out drawing of a pneumaticblock. Where is the 20 psi

supply air admitted ?

a. At air passage item 15

b. At air passage item 13
c. At air passage item 12
d. At air passage item 14

53. Where is the output pressure Pu taken from this pneumatic amplifier shown
here ?
a. Air passage 15
b. Air passage 13
c. Air passage 14
d. Air passage 12
54. Via which air passage is the nozzle back pressure from the nozzle/Flapper
admitted for this pneumatic amplifier ?

a. Air passage 14
b. Air passage 15
c. Air passage 13
d. Air passage 12
55. Which is the exhaust or air vent port to the atmosphere shown on this
pneumatic transmitter?
a. Air passage 13
b. Air passage 14
c. Air passage 12
d. Air passage 15

56. What is item No 3 shown of this pneumatic amplifier?

 a. Nozzle flappers
b. Blade (feather) springs to load the ball and the vent valve
c. Ball valve securing blades
d. Retaining plates for the ball valve

57. Flow can the output pressure Pu of this pneumatic amplifier be initially
adjusted ?

a. By screw item 10
b. By screw item 1
c. By screw item 11
d. By screw item 4
58. Which important pneumatic control accessory is shown here ?
 a. A transmitter
b. An nozzle /flapper assembly
c. A pressure regulator
d. An amplifier
59. What is part No 4 shown in this drawing of a pneumatic amplifier ?

a. The output air compartment

b. The air supply compartment
c. The exhaust or vent compartment
d. The nozzle back pressure supply compartment
60. For what purpose is spring ball adjustment screw item No 2 fitted on the
spring blade of this pneumatic amplifier ?

a. To adjust the spring blade and output pressure Pu initially

b. To control the rate of amplification response
c. To control the nozzle back pressure
d. To adjust the valve stem distance
61. What is the most common reason for malfunctioning of a pneumatic
amplifier ?
 a. Diaphragma No 7 bursts
b. Valve stem No 6 defective
c. Internal passages blocked by oil mixed with dirt.
d. Gasket No 8 blown

62. This shows a pneumatic control unit which forms the basis of pneumatic
control engineering. It is.........
a. a pneumatic transmitter assembly
b. a totaliser or summator unit
c. a nozzle/flapper assembly with amplifier
d. a pneumatic basic controller unit

63. These small pneumatic pipes are connected to the different parts of
pneumatic system so they can be easily dismantled, using ............ ?

a. clamps with bellow packing

b. plugs and O-rings
c. sleeves and copper gaskets
d. retainer springs and silicon

64. Which part shown here is the nozzle in this pneumatic assembly ?

a. Part No 2
b. Part No 4
c. Part No 3
d. Part No 5
65. What will be the existing pneumatic pressure in connecting pipe item 110 6
from flapper nozzle assembly to the pneumatic amplifier ?

a. Between 0 and 20 psi

b. 20 psi
c. Between 3 and 15 psi
d. Between 2 and 2.75 psi

66. Pneumatic instruments have an air filter fitted so that any impurity present is
removed. Where is this filter fitted ?

a. In the base of the amplifier, filter

plug No 4
b. In air connecting line, plug No 5
c. In front of the nozzle item No 2
d. In the main supply line to each
individual instrument

67. What is the output pressure of this pneumatic amplifier ?

a. 15 to 25 psi
b. 7 to 15 psi
c. 3 to 20 psi
d. 3 to 15 psi

68. What is the amplification

factor (K) of a pneumatic amplifier
a. K = 4