Chapter 1 : POLYGONS I & II

1.1 The sum of the angles of triangle is 180 o .

b
a 0  b 0  c 0  180 0
c

Polygon 18
Examples Exercises

1. 1.
x° 60°

55° 50°
x° 43°
 x 0  180 0  60 0  40 0

x 0  180 0  50 0  55 0
= 75 0
2.
2. x°

55°
x°

50°

y° 45° 3.
0
y 0  55 50°
60°

x 0  180 0  45 0  55 0
= 80 0
x° y°
4.
3.

x°
60°
y°
40°°
y° 30°
50°
x°
5.
y 0  50 0
x 0  180 0  50 0  60 0
= 70 0 x°

4.
y 0  180 0  120 0
40° y° 130°
x°
= 60 0 6.
z 0  180 0  140 0
= 40 0 y°
140° z° y° 120°
= 80 0
1.2 In the equilateral triangle, all the interior angles are of the same size, that is 60 0 .
100° x° z° 120°

60°
60°
60°

Examples 60°

1.
x 0  180 0  60 0
= 120 0

x°
2.
x°

2.
x  60
0 0
x°

3.

x°
3.

x 0  60 0 x°

4.

x°

4.

x 0  60 0

Exercises x°

1.
x°

1.3 In isosceles triangle, two angles that are opposite to the two sides with equal length are the same size.

a0  b0
a° b°

Examples

1.

40°

x°
 180 0  40 0
x0 
2
Exercises

1.

x°
 70 0

2.
2.
z° x 0  60 0
y 0  180 0  60 0 x°
 120 0

y° 180 0  120 0
z0  65° y°
2
x°
 30 0

3.

y°

z°
4. x°
3.

x°
x° 50°
70° 180 0  70 0
z 
0

2
 55 0

x  55 0
0

z°

1.4 Exterior angle of a triangle vertex is equal to sum of opposite interior angles

b°

a° x° x0  a0  b0

Examples
1. 2.
x 0  110 0  80 0
x 0  80 0  40 0 80°  30 0
80°
 120 0 110°

x° x°
40°
3.
83° 2.

y°
y 0  83 0
x°
x 0  83 0  38 0
x°
38° = 1210
132°
4.
3.
y 0  180 0  150 0
82°
= 30 0 y°
x  30 0  82 0
0

150° y° x°  112 0 x°
70° 42°

5. 4.

x°

z° z  50
0 0
101°
y°
x 0  50 0  60 0
50°  110 0 55°
x°
60°
5.

Exercises 45° x°
70°
1.

x°

50°
70°
1.5 The sum of the angles of a quadrilateral is 360 0
 c° a 0  b 0  c 0  d 0  360 0
d°

b°
a°

Examples Exercises

1. 1.

120° 95° 62° 137°

x 0  3600  1200  950  630

 82 0 x° 54°
x° 63°
2. 2.

y 0  180 0  40 0 72°
x° = 140 0
y°
58° z 0  180 0  73 0
= 107 0
40° y° z° 73°
x°
83°
x  360  58  140  107
0 0 0 0 0

= 55 0

3. 3.

x° z° y° 135°
138° x 0  180 0  142 0
100°
= 38 0
y 0  360 0  38 0  138 0  100 0
= 84 0 120° 95°
z 0  180 0  84 0
z°
= 96 0
142° x° y°
4. 4.

64°

125°
x 0  56 0 x° 79°
y° y 0  360 0  125 0  56 0  82 0
= 97 0

118° z°

82°
x°

56°

1.6 Opposite angles in the parallelogram are equal in size

A B
 A  C
B  D

D C

Examples Exercises

1. 1.
120°
y° = 120°
y°
x 0  180 0  120 0
= 60 0

x° 40°
y° x°

2. 2.
x  110
0 0
x°
x° 360 0  220 0
y0 
2
0
= 70
50°
y°
110° y°

3. 3.
y°

y° x  125
0 0
x°
y 0  125 0

x°
125° 78°
4. 4.
x  180  50  60
0 0 0 0

y° = 70 0
y°
50° y 0  70 0 47°

60°
x° 52° x°
5. 5.
x  50
0 0

50° 180 0  50 0
y° y0  z°
2 50°
= 65 0

x° x° y°

1.7 Sum of interior angles of a polygon with n sides = (n-2) x 180 0

Examples Exercises
1. 1.

Sum of interior angles

 (3  2)  180 0
 180 0

2. 2.

Sum of interior angles

 (5  2)  180 0
= 540 0

3. 3.

x° 113°
x° 145°
112°
68°
120°
123°

x 0  5400  900  1230  112 0  113 0 150° 162°

= 92°

4. 4.

30°
100°
110°
60° x°

240°
40° x°

40°
x  360  60  30  40
0 0 0 0 0

= 230 0

1.8 The sum of all the exterior angles of a polygon is 360 0

f
a
Example Exercises e
1. 1.

b
d
c
 a

b
d

Sum of the exterior angles 2.

 abcd e
b
 360 0
c

(n  2)  180 0
1.9 The interior angle of a regular polygon with n-sides is
n

Examples Exercises

1. 6 sides 1. 5 sides
Size of the interior angles
(n  2)  180 0

6
4  180 0

6
 120 0

2. 8 sides

3. 10 sides