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Antibiotice Beta-Lactamine 1.peniciline

The document summarizes various antibiotics including their administration method, dosage for adults and children, frequency of administration, interactions, and contraindications. It discusses associating antibiotics and chemotherapy in situations like acute severe infections, difficult to access infections like tuberculosis, severe mixed infections, and preventing fungal infections after broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. When associating antibiotics and chemotherapy, it is best if they have additive or synergistic effects against bacteria and to avoid those with overlapping side effects.

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Eduard Militaru
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59 views2 pages

Antibiotice Beta-Lactamine 1.peniciline

The document summarizes various antibiotics including their administration method, dosage for adults and children, frequency of administration, interactions, and contraindications. It discusses associating antibiotics and chemotherapy in situations like acute severe infections, difficult to access infections like tuberculosis, severe mixed infections, and preventing fungal infections after broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. When associating antibiotics and chemotherapy, it is best if they have additive or synergistic effects against bacteria and to avoid those with overlapping side effects.

Uploaded by

Eduard Militaru
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANTIBIOTICE Mod Doza Doza Asociere/ Interactiuni Nu se asoc

Beta-Lactamine administrare Adult copil observatii cu


1.PENICILINE
Ampicilina oral 2-4 g/zi 100-200 mg/kg/zi La 4-6 ore cu Salbuctam
i.m., i.v. 4-12g/zi >Unasin
Amoxicilina Oral-inf.usoare 250-500 mg 125 mg La 8 ore cu acid
Oral-inf grave 4 g/zi 2 g/zi La 8 ore Clavulanic 2:1
i.m., i.v. 500 mg La 8 ore Sau 4:1
2.a CEFALOSPORINE ORALE
Cefalexin oral 0,5-1 g 6,25-25 mg/kg/zi La 6 ore produc
Cefuroxima Oral-inf grave 1,5-2 g 30-60 mg/kg/zi La 8 ore alergie
Cefaclor oral 750 mg/zi 20 mg/kg/zi 3 prize incrucisata cu penicilinele
2.b CEFALOSPORINE INJECTABILE
Ceftazidima injectabil 3 g/zi 3 prize se reduce doza
meningite 6g/zi in insuf renala
Ceftriaxon im, i.v 1-2 g/zi doza unica se red.doza in
meningite 500-100 mg/kg/zi doza unica insf ren si hep
3. MACROLIDE
Eritromicina creste toxict
-eritr. propionat oral 250-500 mg La 6 ore 3 sapt in inf pt ergotamina,
genitale carbamazepina
-eritr.lactobionat oral 05g-1g La 6 ore digoxina,
terfanadina,
anticoag orale
bromocritina
Claritromicina oral 250-500 mg 15 mg/kgc/zi La 12 ore
Azitromicina oral 500mg/zi 3 zile
4. LINCOSAMIDE
Clindamicina oral 150-300 mg La 6 ore sub forma de clorhidrat de macrolide
clindamicina cloramfenicol
injectabil Sol 2% forma de fosfat de
clindamicina
5.ANTIBIOTICE CU SPECTRUL LARG
Tetraciclina oral 2-4 g/zi 4 prize
unguent 30 mg/g
colire 0,5-1%
Doxicilina 200 mg/zi – in prima zi
100 mg/ 24 ore
6.AMINOGLICOZIDE
Tobramicina
Netilmicina

CHIMIOTERAPICE
CHINOLONE SI FLUOROCHINOLONE
Ciprofloxacina prudenta la copii
SULFAMIDE SI ANTIMICROBIENE
Sulfametoxadol 800 mg 160 mg La 12 ore

Asocierea AB si CT se face in urmatoarele situatii :

 infectii acute, severe, cu germeni neidentificati- se fac asocieri care sa acopere un spectru antimicrobian cat mai larg. Tratamentul se face
pana la izolarea, identificarea si stabilirea sensibilitatii germenului.
 Pentru sterilizarea focarelor greu accesibile, ex: in TBC: izoniazida, rifampicina, etambutol
 infectii severe multimicrobiene mixte (aerobi\anaerobi) – se fac asocieri care sa acopere un spectru antmicrobian foarte larg. Ex in peritonita
prin perforatie intestinala include metronidazol, clindamicina; Enterobacteriacee – aminoglicozide
 prevenirea micozelor post antibioticoterapia cu spectru larg : Nistatin

Reguli in asocierea AB ci CT
 AB si CT degenerativ bactericide : peniciline, cefalosporine, aminoglicozide- se asociaza intre ele => sinegism de aditie
 AB si CT bactericide absolute (polimixinele) nu se asociaza intre ele -> creste riscul efectelor adverse
 AB si CT cu acela profil de reactii adverse nu se asociaza deoare creste riscul reactiilor adverse
 Asocierea AB si CT degenerativ bactericide cu cele bactericide absolute => sinergism de potentare
 Asocierea AB ci CT degenerativ bactericide cu AB si CT bacteriostatice nu se realizeaza -> antagonism

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