CGTP-Alibekmola &

GPU - Kozashai Project

DOCUMENT DETAILS

CONTRACT NUMBER : KSS/KOA/Sub/2009/00349

PROJECT TITLE : CGTP – Alibekmola & GPU – Kozashai Project

CUSTOMER : LLP “KazakhOil Aktobe”

CUSTOMER CONTRACT NO. : 01T5E1RK9

GENERAL CONTRACTOR : JSC “OGCC KazStroyService”

EQUIPMENT SUPPLIER : Exterran

DOCUMENT NO. : 6854-A00-E-CL-4344

(No. pages inc. this sheet) (Pages 05)

DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION : Earthing calculation typical - Alibekmola

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 CGTP-Alibekmola &
GPU - Kozashai Project
EARTHING CALCULATION TYPICAL- ALIBEKMOLA

1) Scope

Scope of this document is to find and verify the cross section of earth conductor listed in the Section 20.0
of the Electrical design basis and to find the equivalent resistance of earthing system for the switchgear
room in the Alibekmola facility for “CGTP – Alibekmola & GPU – Alibekmola Project”.

2) Reference Documents

Electrical design basis 6854-C00-E-DB-4301

Load flow and short circuit analysis - Alibekmola 6854-A00-E-CL-4337

Relay co-ordination and protection setting study - Alibekmola 6854-A00-E-CL-4338

Electrical Switchgear Room Layout - Alibekmola 6854-A00-E-GA-4361

Engineering survey report - Alibekmola 6854-А00-A-RP-10001

Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-54: Selection and

erection of electrical equipment – Earthing Arrangements, IEC 60364-5-54
protective conductors and protective bonding conductors

Regulation of Electrical installations of the Republic of

EIC RK (PUE)
Kazakhstan

3) Considerations
1. Earth cables are selected as listed in section 20.0 of Electrical design basis.
2. The value of parameters for different materials are referred from IEC 60364-5-54, Table A.54.1.
3. The boundary conditions for insulated protective conductors are referred from IEC 60364-5-54, Table
A.54.2.
4. Maximum Short circuit level at LV switchgear panel shall be 50kA, based on preliminary system
studies.
5. Maximum operating time of the disconnection devices is assumed as 0.5sec.
6. Soil resistivity are taken from Engineering survey report for Alibekmola
7. Earth conductor cables are considered as PVC insulated copper.
8. Earth electrodes shall be copper clad steel rods.
9. Overall diameter of the earth electrode shall be 16mm. 1

4) Cross section of Protective Earthing conductor

The necessary cross sectional area of protective conductor (for transformers, Low Voltage Panels,
Medium Voltage Panels etc) shall be calculated by the following formula (Refer IEC 60364-5-54, Chapter
543.1.2)

S=
√ I2
f t = 247.42 Sq.mm
k

Page 2 of 5 6854-A00-E-CL-4344 Rev. 1

 CGTP-Alibekmola &
GPU - Kozashai Project
EARTHING CALCULATION TYPICAL- ALIBEKMOLA
Where

S = Minimum Cross Sectional Area in mm²

If = Value of fault current, which can flow through the protective = 50000 A
device, in Amperes

t = Operating time of the disconnecting device, in seconds = 0.5 Sec

k = Factor, dependent on material of protective conductor, insulation = 142.90 A Ös/mm²
& final temp.

The factor k is determined from the following formula (Refer IEC 60364-5-54, Annex A)

Where
k=
√ Q c ( β+20 0 C )
ρ20 (
ln 1+
θ f −θ i
β +θi ) = 142.90 A Ös/mm²

Qc = Volumetric heat capacity of conductor material (J/°C mm³) at 20 0C

β = Reciprocal of temperature coefficient of resistivity at 0°C for conductor (°C)

r20 = Electrical resistivity of conductor material at 20°C (Ω mm)

qi = Initial temperature of conductor (°C)

qf = Final temperature of conductor (°C)

The value of parameters for different materials are listed below (Refer IEC 60364-5-54, Table A.54.1)

Material β (°C) Qc (J/°C mm³) r20 (W mm) √ Q c ( β+ 200 C )

ρ20 1

A
√ s
mm 2
Copper 234.5 3.45 x 10 -3
17.241 x 10 -6
226

Aluminium 228 2.5 x 10-3 28.264 x 10-6 148

Steel 202 3.8 x 10-3 138 x 10-6 78

Boundary Conditions: (Refer IEC 60364-5-54, Table A54.2):

For insulated protective conductors not incorporated in cables and not bunched with other cables
Conductor Insulation (PVC) = 90 oC

Initial Temperature = 30 oC

Final Temperatures = ### °C for Copper

= ### °C for Aluminium

= ### °C for Steel

Minimum recommended cross-section in this assumed situation will be 2x150 mm² PVC Insulated copper
conductor.

Page 3 of 5 6854-A00-E-CL-4344 Rev. 1

 CGTP-Alibekmola &
GPU - Kozashai Project
EARTHING CALCULATION TYPICAL- ALIBEKMOLA

5) Resistance of Ring Conductor (Rr)

1

The resistance of a ring conductor shall be calculated from the following formula (Ref. Table 4.5,

IEEE std. 142)

Rr =
ρ
2
2 π ×D
ln
8D
d(+ln
4D
s ) = 0.52 W

Where
D = Diameter of Plant covered by Ring Conductor in m

A
D=
√ 4× A
π
= Area of the Plant which is covered by Ring Conductor in m²
=

=
27.64

600 m²
m

Rr = Resistance of ring conductor in W

r = Resistivity of soil in Wm = 20 Wm
d = Diameter of ring conductor in m = 0.0177 m

s = Depth of the conductor in m = 1 m

In = Loge (Natural Logarithm)

6) Resistance of Steel Reinforcement/Foundation (Rs)

The resistance of steel reinforcement/foundation for switchgear room shall be calculated from following
formula (Ref. Equation 12 from Earthing Systems - Basic Constructional Aspects - Copper Development
Association).

R s= ρ
= 1.88 Ω
π ×d
Where
d = Factor, dependent on volume of concrete foundation in m

3
d=1 . 57× √ V = 3.38 m

Rs = Resistance of concrete foundation in W

r = Resistivity of soil in Wm = 20 Ωm

V = Volume of concrete foundation in m³ = 10 m³

7) Resistance of Earth Electrode (Re)

The resistance of earth electrode (copper clad steel rod) shall be calculated from the following formula
R
R e= = 3.51 Ω
n
Where
Re = Equivalent Resistance of Earth Electrodes in W

Page 4 of 5 6854-A00-E-CL-4344 Rev. 1

 CGTP-Alibekmola &
GPU - Kozashai Project
EARTHING CALCULATION TYPICAL- ALIBEKMOLA
n = Total number of Earth Electrodes = 2 Nos.

R = Resistance of Earth Electrode in W (IEEE Std.81)

ρ 2l
R=
2 π×l
ln
r ( ) = 7.03 Ω

r = Resistivity of soil in Wm = 20 Wm
l = Length of the Electrode in m = 3 m

r = Radius of the Electrode in m = 0.008 m 1

ln = Loge (Natural Logarithm)

8) Calculation of Equivalent Resistance (Req)

The resistances for ring conductor, earth electrode and steel reinforcement, calculated from the above
formulae shall be paralleled in order to get the equivalent resistance of the plant earthing system.

1 1 1 1
= + + = 2.74
R eq R r R e R s
Req = 0.36 Ω 1

Where
Req = Equivalent Resistance of Earthing System in W
Rr = Resistance of Ring Conductor in W = 0.52 Ω
Re = Resistance of Earth Electrode in W = 3.51 Ω

Rs = Resistance of Steel Reinforcement in W = 1.88 Ω

9) Conclusion :

Thus the earthing conductor listed in the section 20.0 of the Electrical design basis are found suitable and
the equivalent resistance of the earthing system for the switchgear room in Alibekmola facility are with in
the limit i.e < 1Ω.

Page 5 of 5 6854-A00-E-CL-4344 Rev. 1