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Explain Hub and It's Working Principle?: Fig: Hub in A Star Topology

A hub is a layer 1 networking device that works in half-duplex mode, broadcasting all received data to every connected device. It does not understand data formats and sees data only as electrical signals. When a device sends data, the hub makes copies and sends it to all devices except the sender. Only the intended recipient accepts the data based on matching its IP address to the destination address.

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Vijay Kumar
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35 views

Explain Hub and It's Working Principle?: Fig: Hub in A Star Topology

A hub is a layer 1 networking device that works in half-duplex mode, broadcasting all received data to every connected device. It does not understand data formats and sees data only as electrical signals. When a device sends data, the hub makes copies and sends it to all devices except the sender. Only the intended recipient accepts the data based on matching its IP address to the destination address.

Uploaded by

Vijay Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Explain Hub and it’s working principle?

- A Hub is a layer-1 dummy device of an OSI reference mode.


- It works in a half-duplex (one way) communication mode, and there is always a chance of data collision in a half duplex mode of communication.
- It does not understand any data format, sees the data in the form an electrical signal.
- It broadcasts (sends to all) every data it receives to every connected PC/node in the network on every single time. Other words, Hub cannot unicast the data.

Fig: Hub in a star topology

Working principle of a hub in a LAN

Step 1: PC-A sends a data to PC-D via hub

Step 2: Hub receives the data in the form of an electrical signal, makes multiple copies of it and sends to every other connected PC, except PC-A. In other words, it
broadcasts the same data to everyone except PC-A.

Step 3: PC-B, PC-C and PC-D receives the data from Hub and compare their self IP address with the destination IP address in the IP packet.

Step 4: PC-B and PC-C rejects the data as their self IP address do not match with the destination IP address in the packet.

Step 5: PC-D finds it's self IP address as same as the destination IP address in the packet and response to the sender (PC-A) with the acknowledgement packet via
hub.

Step 6: Hub receives the acknowledgement packet from PC-D in the form an electrical signal and by it’s nature, broadcasts the same data to every other PC/node in
the network.

Step 7: PC-A, PC-B and PC-C receives the data from Hub and compare their self IP address with the destination IP address in the IP packet.

Step 8: PC-B and PC-C rejects the data as their's self IP addresses do not match with the destination IP address in the packet.

Step 9: PC-A finds it's self IP address as same as the destination IP address in the acknowledgement packet and receive it.

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