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Algorithm

This document discusses the evolution of hashing algorithms and their similarities to symmetric block ciphers. As computing power increased, algorithms like MD4 and MD5 became less popular due to vulnerabilities discovered through cryptanalysis. Newer hashing algorithms were then developed with longer hash codes and designed to resist specific attacks. Most modern hash functions follow the basic proven structure of earlier functions like MD5 and SHA-1, improving the structure and increasing hash code length rather than starting from an entirely new design. A hash function takes a variable-size input and transforms it into a fixed-size output called the hash value.

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Bala Sudhakar
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6 views

Algorithm

This document discusses the evolution of hashing algorithms and their similarities to symmetric block ciphers. As computing power increased, algorithms like MD4 and MD5 became less popular due to vulnerabilities discovered through cryptanalysis. Newer hashing algorithms were then developed with longer hash codes and designed to resist specific attacks. Most modern hash functions follow the basic proven structure of earlier functions like MD5 and SHA-1, improving the structure and increasing hash code length rather than starting from an entirely new design. A hash function takes a variable-size input and transforms it into a fixed-size output called the hash value.

Uploaded by

Bala Sudhakar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Algorithm: SECURED HASHING ALGORITHM

There are several similarities in the evolution of hash function and that of symmetric
block ciphers. We have seen that the increasing power of brute-force attacks and advances in
cryptanalysis have led to the decline in the popularity of DES and in the design of newer
algorithm with longer key lengths and with features designed to resist specific cryptanalytic
attacks.

Similarly, advances in computing power and hash function cryptanalysis have led to the
decline in the popularity of first MD4 and then MD5, two very popular hash functions. In
response, newer hash algorithm have been developed with longer hash code length and with
features designed to resist specific cryptanalytic attacks. Another point of similarity is the
reluctance to depart from a proven structure.

DES is based on the Feistel cipher, which in turn is based on the Substitution-permutation
network proposal of Shannon. Many important subsequent block ciphers follow the feistel design
because the design can be adapted to resist newly discovered cryptanalytic threats. If, instead, an
entirely new design were used for a symmetric block cipher, there would be concern that the
structure itself opened up new avenues of attack not yet thought of. Similarly, most important
modern hash functions follow the basic structure. This has proved to be a fundamentally sound
structure and newer designs simply refine the structure and add to the hash code length. MD5,
SHA-1, and RIPEMD-160. We then look at an internet-standard message authentication code.

A hash function H is a transformation that takes a variable-size input m and returns a


fixed-size string, which is called the hash value h (that is, h = H(m)). Hash functions with just
this property have a variety of general computational uses, but when employed in cryptography
the hash functions are usually chosen to have some additional properties.

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