Scribd
Upload
34 views

Lab Session 7: Network Analysis: IP Address

This document provides instructions and summaries for several networking commands and concepts covered in Lab Session 7, including IP address, IP configuration (ipconfig), ping, traceroute, MAC address, ARP, and RARP. The document includes explanations of each concept and commands to run in the terminal or command prompt, with spaces to record outputs.

Uploaded by

Shazia Abbas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
34 views

Lab Session 7: Network Analysis: IP Address

This document provides instructions and summaries for several networking commands and concepts covered in Lab Session 7, including IP address, IP configuration (ipconfig), ping, traceroute, MAC address, ARP, and RARP. The document includes explanations of each concept and commands to run in the terminal or command prompt, with spaces to record outputs.

Uploaded by

Shazia Abbas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Lab Manual of Data Communication and Networks

Lab Session 7: Network Analysis


IP Address
The IP address is a unique 32 bit address used to identify each machine on the network.
Every device connected to the internet has its own unique identifying number, which is called
its IP address or Internet Protocol address. An example of a computer IP address would be
192.168.1.10, where the number 10 in this case corresponds to the computer’s address on the
local network.

IP Config Command
This command gives IP information about interfaces within that machine.

Go to:
Start → Run → cmd
>ipconfig

Write down the output:

Ping
Ping (Packet Internet Groper) is a computer network tool used to test whether a particular
host is reachable across an IP network. Ping works by sending a small packet of information
containing an ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to a specified computer, which then sends an
ECHO_REPLY packet in return. ICMP is used by hosts and routers to communicate network
layer information to each other. The most common use of ICMP is for error reporting. ICMP
messages are carried as IP payloads. The Ping program sends an ICMP type 8 code 0
message to the specified host. The destination host seeing the echo request sends back a type
0 code 0 ICMP echo reply.

Ping places a unique sequence number on each packet it transmits, and reports which
sequence numbers it receives back. Thus, you can determine if packets have been dropped,
duplicated, or reordered. Ping checksums each packet it exchanges. You can detect some
forms of damaged packets. Ping places a timestamp in each packet, which is echoed back
and can easily be used to compute how long each packet exchange took - the Round Trip
Time (RTT).

Page | 15
Lab Manual of Data Communication and Networks

Write Output of the following statements:

>ping ipaddress

>ping -t ipaddress (keep pinging until manually stopped)

>ping -n count ipaddress (ping with n packets)

Tracert
Traceroute is a computer network tool used to determine the route taken by packets across an
IP network.

Paste the output of following command

>tracert hostname [use any website e.g., www.google.com]


(Note: Min, Max and average hop times are displayed in-order)

Briefly explain what do you understand from the output?

Page | 16
Lab Manual of Data Communication and Networks

Produce route trace using the site http://www.net.princeton.edu/traceroute.html for the


following URLs:
1. www.nu.edu.pk
2. www.mit.edu

Paste your output here:

MAC Address

A MAC address is also sometimes referred to as an Ethernet Hardware Address (EHA),


hardware address or physical address.

A MAC address is essentially a unique, fixed serial number of your computer’s network
card in a globally agreed format. This network card can also be referred to as a Network
adapter or Network Interface Card (NIC).

The standard form for MAC addresses is six groups of two hexadecimal digits (characters 0 –
9 and A – F) separated by a hyphen (-) or a colon (:):

12 – 34 – 56 – 78 – 90 – AB

To find out your computers MAC Address open the command prompt and type
ipconfig /all and then press the ENTER. The window should then display a whole load of
information about all of the network cards in your machine.

Write down MAC address of system you are using.

The MAC address for each network adapter is displayed as its physical address.

Page | 17
Lab Manual of Data Communication and Networks

ARP
Address resolution Protocol (ARP) is a network layer protocol used to convert an IP address
into a physical address. A host wishing to obtain a physical address broadcasts an ARP
request onto the TCP/IP network. The host on the network that has the IP address in the
request then replies with its physical hardware address.

Write down the output of the following command.

 arp –a (Display the ARP cache tables for all interfaces)

RARP
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) is a network layer protocol used to obtain an
IP address for a given hardware address. Why is a rarp command not needed?

Page | 18

You might also like