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Structure of The Eye

The conjunctiva is a thin protective covering of epithelial cells that protects the cornea and lubricates it with tears. The cornea is the transparent, curved front of the eye that helps converge light rays. The sclera is the opaque, fibrous, protective outer structure that maintains the spherical shape of the eye and provides attachment points for muscles. The choroid has blood vessels that supply nutrients and remove waste, and is pigmented black to prevent light reflection within the eyeball.

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252 views

Structure of The Eye

The conjunctiva is a thin protective covering of epithelial cells that protects the cornea and lubricates it with tears. The cornea is the transparent, curved front of the eye that helps converge light rays. The sclera is the opaque, fibrous, protective outer structure that maintains the spherical shape of the eye and provides attachment points for muscles. The choroid has blood vessels that supply nutrients and remove waste, and is pigmented black to prevent light reflection within the eyeball.

Uploaded by

mina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conjunctiva a thin protective covering of epithelial cells.

It protects the cornea


against damage by friction (tears from the tear glands help this process
by lubricating the surface of the conjunctiva)

Cornea the transparent, curved front of the eye which helps to converge the
light rays which enter the eye

Sclera an opaque, fibrous, protective outer structure. It is soft connective


tissue, and the spherical shape of the eye is maintained by the pressure
of the liquid inside. It provides attachment surfaces for eye muscles

Choroid It has a network of blood vessels to supply nutrients to the cells and
remove waste products. It is pigmented that makes the retina appear
black, thus preventing reflection of light within the eyeball.

Ciliary body Has suspensory ligaments that hold the lens in place. It secretes the
aqueous humour, and contains ciliary muscles that enable the lens to
change shape, during accommodation (focusing on near and distant
objects)

a pigmented muscular structure consisting of an inner ring of circular


Iris muscle and an outer layer of radial muscle. Its function is to help
control the amount of light entering the eye so that:
- too much light does not enter the eye which would damage the retina
- enough light enters to allow a person to see

Pupil a hole in the middle of the iris where light is allowed to continue its
passage. In bright light, it is constricted and in dim light it is dilated

Lens a transparent, flexible, curved structure. Its function is to focus


incoming light rays onto the retina using its refractive properties

Retina a layer of sensory neurons, the key structures being photoreceptors


(rod and cone cells) which respond to light. Contains relay neurons and
sensory neurons that pass impulses along the optic nerve to the part of
the brain that controls vision

Fovea A part of the retina that is directly opposite the pupil and contains only
cone cells. It is responsible for good visual acuity (good resolution)
(yellow spot)

Blind spot Is where the bundle of sensory fibers form the optic nerve; it contains
no light-sensitive receptors

Vitreous a transparent, jelly-like mass located behind the lens. It acts as a


‘suspension’ for the lens so that the delicate lens is not damaged. It
humour helps to maintain the shape of the posterior chamber of the eyeball

Aqueous Helps to maintain the shape of the anterior chamber of the eyeball
humour

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