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FILARIASIS

Filariasis is a parasitic infection caused by nematode parasites that are transmitted through mosquito bites. It often progresses to a chronic stage characterized by lymphedema, elephantiasis, and hydrocele. Symptoms in the acute stage include lymphadenitis and lymphangitis. Diagnosis involves blood tests to detect microfilariae. Treatment focuses on prevention of transmission and medication to kill the parasites, along with management of symptoms and complications through hygiene, elevation of affected limbs, and elastic stockings or bandages.

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877 views

FILARIASIS

Filariasis is a parasitic infection caused by nematode parasites that are transmitted through mosquito bites. It often progresses to a chronic stage characterized by lymphedema, elephantiasis, and hydrocele. Symptoms in the acute stage include lymphadenitis and lymphangitis. Diagnosis involves blood tests to detect microfilariae. Treatment focuses on prevention of transmission and medication to kill the parasites, along with management of symptoms and complications through hygiene, elevation of affected limbs, and elastic stockings or bandages.

Uploaded by

haoc0425
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FILARIASIS

FILARIASIS  male genitalia: funiculitis,


A.K.A epidydimitis, orchitis (red
Lymphatic Filariasis, Elephantiasis, painful and tender scrotum)
Lymphedema, Wucheraria infection
 chronic stage
A. Important information  Hydrocoele (swelling of the
- Often progresses to become scrotum)
chronic, debilitating and disfiguring  Lymphedema – temporary
because its symptoms is not only swelling of the upper and lower
unfamiliar, they are also extremities.
noticeable.  Elephantiasis – enlargement
- Because of the patients’ physical and thickening of the skin of the
appearance, a social stigma is lower and/or upper extremities,
attached to it scrotum and breasts

B. Causative agent: Complication:


nematode parasites Wuchereria Tropical Pulmonary Eosinophilia
bancrofti, brugia malayi, B.timori (TPE) - rare
- parasites live in the lymphatic
vessels and lymp nodes; G. Management
microfilariae are found in the Prevention and control
blood o Proper drainage and cleanliness of
surroundings.
C. Incubation period: o Use of insecticides, mosquito nets,
From the entry of the infective
long sleeves, long pants, and
larvae to the development of
socks.
symptoms ranges from 8-16
o Screening of houses
months.
Medical care
D. Mode of transmission:
o Diethylcarbamazine citrate(DEC) or
Through bites from an infected
Hetrazan - drug of choice;
female mosquito, the aedis
6mg/KBW taken as a single dose
poecillus, at night
per year.
o Surgery for elemphantiasis and
E. diagnostic/laboratory exams
hydrocoele
 Nocturnal Blood Exam(NBE)
o Antibiotics or antifungal or
- done bet. 10am and 2pm
superimposed infection.

 Immunochromatographic Test (ICT)


Nursing care
- antigen test is done at daytime
Nursing care is primarily aimed at
preventing the potential complications
F. Clinical Manifestations
that may develop.
 asymptomatic stage – for years or o If possible, elastic stockings or
even a lifetime; characterized only
bandages are applied to the
by presence of microfilariae in the
affected limbs, to assist venous
blood
return and prevent excessive
edema.
 acute stage o Bedrest may be required in more
 lymphadenitis (inflammation severe cases, with elevation of the
of the lymph nodes) involved extremities.
 lymphangitis (inflammation of
lymph vessels)

Prepared by: Henessey Auda D. Castillo, Group 4 San Beda College - Mendiola
FILARIASIS

o Suspensory bandages (scrotal


supports) may provide comfort in
the event of hydrocele.
o Clinical observation must include
monitoring for any alteration in
respiratory function.
o Emphasis on regular periodic
follow-up screening, with repeated
treatment as and when indicated.

Prepared by: Henessey Auda D. Castillo, Group 4 San Beda College - Mendiola

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