Mikuni Carburetor Operation and Tuning
Mikuni Carburetor Operation and Tuning
)*)
+,-,./0/123/4.56.2-,.731,,8392.03/,:;12<=356-3>?-@3431?--123-@2,.0=30,63/4A3-6A230,6.35?823B,.3:4<?:6:3;2.B,.:4A/2C
D113/4.56.2-,.73>,.836AE2.3-@23547?/3;.?A/?;123,B34-:,7;@2.?/3;.2776.2C3D-:,7;@2.?/3;.2776.23?7343;,>2.B613B,./2
>@?/@32<2.-73;.2776.23,A3292.0-@?AFC3G-394.?27371?F@-10356-3?73F2A2.41103/,A7?E2.2E3-,3523HI3;,6AE73;2.37J64.23?A/@
KLMGNC3O@?73:24A73-@4-34-:,7;@2.?/3;.2776.23?73;.277?AF3,A3292.0-@?AF34-3HI3LMGC3P0394.0?AF3-@234-:,7;@2.?/3;.2776.2
?A7?E23-@232AF?A234AE3/4.56.2-,.=3>23/4A3/@4AF23-@23;.2776.234AE3:4823B62134AE34?.3B1,>C
D-:,7;@2.?/3;.2776.23>?113B,./23@?F@3;.2776.23-,31,>3;.2776.2C3D73-@23;?7-,A3,A343->,37-.,8232AF?A23F,2736;3K,.3F,27
E,>A3,A343B,6.37-.,8232AF?A2N=3431,>3;.2776.23?73B,.:2E3?A7?E23-@23/.4A8/4723K45,923-@23;?7-,A3,A343B,6.37-.,82NC3O@?7
1,>3;.2776.23417,3/467273431,>3;.2776.23?A7?E23-@23/4.56.2-,.C3M?A/23-@23;.2776.23?73@[email protected],6-7?E23-@232AF?A234AE
/4.56.2-,.=34?.3>?113.67@3?A7?E23-@23/4.56.2-,.34AE32AF?A236A-?13-@23;.2776.23?732J641?Q2EC3O@23:,9?AF34?.3F,?AF3-@.,6F@
-@23/4.56.2-,.3>?113;?/836;3B62134AE3:?<3>?-@3-@234?.C
GA7?E2343/4.56.2-,.3?734392A-6.?=3RS)C3O@2392A-6.?3?7343.27-.?/-?,A3?A7?E23-@23/4.56.2-,.3-@4-3B,./2734?.3-,37;22E36;3-,3F2-
-@.,6F@C3D3.?92.3-@4-376EE2A103A4..,>73/4A3523672E3-,3?1167-.4-23>@4-3@4;;2A73?A7?E2343/4.5C3O@23>4-2.3?A3-@23.?92.
7;22E736;3473?-3F2-73A24.3-@23A4..,>2E37@,.2734AE3>?113F2-3B47-2.3?B3-@23.?92.3A4..,>73292A3:,.2C3O@2374:23-@?AF
@4;;2A73?A7?E23-@23/4.56.2-,.C3O@234?.3-@4-3?737;22E?AF36;3>?113/467234-:,7;@2.?/3;.2776.23-,3E.,;3?A7?E23-@23/4.56.2-,.C
[email protected]@234?.3:,927=3-@231,>2.3-@23;.2776.23?A7?E23-@23/4.56.2-,.C
TUV)
+,7-3:,-,./0/123/4.56.2-,.3/?./6?-734.23F,92.A2E3503("#WX34AE3A,-35032AF?A237;[email protected]?923:4?A
:2-2.?AF3707-2:73?A7?E23:,7-3:,-,./0/123/4.56.2-,.7C3O@2723:2-2.?AF3/?./6?-73,92.14;324/@3,[email protected]@2034.2Y3
Z3;?1,-3/?./6?-3
Z3-@.,--123941923
Z3A22E123[2-34AE3[2-3A22E123
Z3:4?A3[2-3
Z3/@,823/?./6?-
O@23;?1,-3/?./6?-3@473->,34E[67-45123;4.-7=3RS\C3O@23;?1,-34?.37/.2>34AE3;?1,-3[2-C3O@234?.37/.2>3/4A35231,/4-2E32?-@2.
A24.3-@2354/837?E23,B3-@23/4.56.2-,.3,.3A24.3-@23B.,A-3,B3-@23/4.56.2-,.C3GB3-@237/.2>3?731,/4-2E3A24.3-@2354/8=3?-3.2F614-27
@,>3:6/@%32A-2.73-@23/?./6?-C3GB3-@237/.2>3?73-6.A2E3?A=3?-3.2E6/273-@234:,6A-3,B34?.34AE3(#X3-@23:?<-6.2C3GB3?-3?7
-6.A2E3,6-=3?-3,;2A73-@23;4774F23:,.234AE3411,>73:,.234?.3?A-,3-@23/?./6?-3>@?/@3.2761-73?A343"#%3:?<-6.2C3GB3-@237/.2>3?7
1,/4-2E3A24.3-@23B.,A-=3?-3.2F614-2E3B621C3O@23:?<-6.23>?113523124A2.3?B3?-3?737/.2>2E3?A34AE3.?/@2.3?B37/.2>2E3,6-C3GB3-@234?.
7/.2>3@473-,3523-6.A2E3:,.23-@4A3]3-6.A73,6-3B,.3527-3?E1?AF=3-@23A2<-37:4112.37?Q23;?1,-3[2-3>?113523A22E2EC
!"#$%$!&$'($)!*&+ "!&,#&$#-$-+"'$"#)$(#$$"#.!./&01$'&'&,'""#"!.!$)!*(&$(!*$&
-+"-"#)$#+/!$0234545678934:8;<=;6>:?@78934A64:BB6=4<=:;CD;6483?B;3E8@9643:;3D?@FGH45;344960
I56<98@6J:9J6:BB6=4<=:;CD;6483?C64>66?FGK45;DFG45;3449601$&*!'""L'--*$&!$M$).NOP'.QNOR'.Q'&
'"&&('--*$+$#NOS0&"!Q&*#,!.T'(!#+&&!U&'.Q$&!U!&Q$(,!.QML#),+*!&*+$')'L-(#,$
M'*V&!Q#-!$WB8XY0"'(/($*+$')'LW$"'.($,!Z$+([&!.*,#('!(!&'""#)Q$(#+/!$\'.Q$
&,'""($*+$')'LW$(!*($,!Z$+()!""M0(#$$"T'"T&'T.+,M(&#.$,$'$Z"'!.&#),+*$
*+$')'L!&01-$(!&']&$', Q!.$#$&"!QW!$'&']0^,,*+$')'LW)!"'N)!""'T'N0^,,*+$')'L[)!*
)!""M(!*($'.']\0
Y
%$.Q"'.Q.Q"%$'--*$&*'(M+($!#.-(#,NOR$(+]OR$(#$$"0%$.Q"!&'"#./$'(Q(#Q$'$
*#.$(#"&#),+*-+"*'.MQ(').!.$#$*'(M+($#(T.$+(!0$!..($$'(W$(!*($,!Z$+(0
$!*V($$'(W$"'.($,!Z$+(&!.*$$!*V($'()!"".#$'""#)'&,+*-+"!.$#$T.$+(!'&'"'.(
#.0$'(&'(Q&!/.QT(L(*!&"L$#/!TQ!--(.$,!Z$+(&'$Q!--(.$$(#$$"#.!./&0_$.Q"&'T
/(##T&*+$!.$#$$#0`*"!/#&!.$##.#-$&/(##T&'.Q#"Q&!$-(#,-'""!./#(,#T!./-(#,$&"!Q0
*"!#&!$!#.*'.M*'./Q$#,'V'../!.(+.(!*(#("'.(WB8XH01-$./!..Q&$#(+."'.(W$*"!
)#+"QM,#TQ!/(0!&)!""Q(#$.Q"-'($(Q#).!.$#$.Q"%$'.Q*'+&"&&-+"$#-"#)'&$!$01-
$*"!!&"#)(QW$%$.Q"!&('!&Q'.Q$,!Z$+()!""M(!*(0
.Q"%$!&)($%$.Q"&"!Q&!.$#0a.Q!./#.$!.&!QQ!',$(#-$.Q"%$W!$)!""'--*$$%$
.Q"0.Q"%$'.Q%$.Q")#(V$#/$($#*#.$(#"$-+"-"#)M$).$NOP$(+]OR('./0b3<43B456
4D?8?XB3;458<;:?X68<@3?643456A64?66@96c:?@?34456?66@96A640
!"#$%&'#%(')*+,)+)'-+(' ./0%(,+,))%('%%)1234567#&%%('%%)"*'8#9+!(#',:1%$%#9)"*
8,))9":#',:',%'+%#9)$%!#9%*";'+%')"#%!"#$%<:"#*%'(:,)!%+,)+)'-6=!"#$%*
!>9"++(#%*";')*"#% !#9%<"::(%')1%'(+,)%!%-"))+)'-?!#9%("&(%"@%,(A6
":(%#, <('#%!"#$%1%'(+,)%!%&!#+)'-%(',:"%!#9%("&(%"@%,(6
5
&'B*C*% "*,*9%'*%!(%&')9#:"#*6D"#&%+,)"#!&')9#:"#"**%"&B"#:%'%&C)"#9(-!))*9,%'
&'#9#*!%"'#1%"@%,("*%'')!#+'(%#:"#%'*%!(%6&'B*C*% -"))!99+,)%'%#:"#%'
&' 8#*!%+'(%+,)%!%"**%,&B%'%&C)"#9(-!))*67#&%#:"#"*-!( 9,81&'#9#*!%"'#"*#'%!
8('<) 1!#9%&'B"*#'%#996
!"(/+,)"@%,(,*%<&!#:*%'%%9 !#9*'+%#9*'+%#:"#6"9!)!"(/+,)(!%"'"*E06F
:(! *'+!"(%'E:(! '++,)6"*"9!)(!%"'"*'#)C!&">9+'(!>(C*'(%8("'9-")%#:"#"*(,##"#:6G,
%'%"#&' 8)%>!8'(";!%"'#'++,)!%*)'-*89*'(%!99"%"'#!)+,)(H,"(9!%":*89*1%!&%,!)
'8(!%"'#!)!"(/+,)(!%"'"*,*,!))C("&(634IJKL*'-*%!&%,!)!"(/+,)(!%"'+'(!#C:">#%('%%)'8#"#:6
!"#$!""%&'(#)!*+##"%&'
,-./0.123.42.30/516733289:486468;<51439=142714/-68=4<.89=8<5164-.14>[email protected]<4864234B89C4?71.14271419:891486
.09989:4<33.5DE4F%'G@4"H *"!!H!H!!I"+"J !"#K!""%&'%*I!"!H%&!IL"+!"+#"")!M#*%"%#&N&#"
!&'%&!*M!!I@4OB4271419:89148647-P89:42.30/5164-2453?4.<;4Q8C514234RST427.32251UE42714<853246D621;43.4658C14P-5P14864271
58>15D4<.3/51;@4OB4271419:89147-64<.3/51;64/12?1194RST4-9C4VST427.32251E42714W124911C514-9C4911C514W124Q;362458>15D42714W12
911C51U486458>15D42714<.3/51;@4OB4271419:8914864.09989:4<33.5D4-24VST4234B055427.32251E42714;-894W124864271458>15D4<.3/51;@
G
X78514W12289:4=-./0.123.6E4<5-=14-4<81=143B42-<14394271427.322514730689:@4Y5-=14-93271.4<81=143B42-<14394271427.322514:.8<
-9C4C.-?4-458914Q?78514271427.322514864-248C51U462.-8:724-=.3664B.3;43914<81=143B42-<1423427143271.@4X71942716142?3458916
-.145891C40<E4271419:8914?8554/148C589:@4Z3?43<194271427.322514234B055427.322514-9C4C.-?4-93271.458914C8.1=25D4-=.3664B.3;
824394271427.322514730689:@4[2427864<3892E4271.1467305C4/142?34589164394271427.322514730689:E4-9C43914394271427.322514:.8<@
Z3?4B89C427147-5B\?-D4<38924/12?1194/32743B42714589164394271427.322514730689:@4]->14-4;-.>4-9C427864?8554673?4?719
271427.322514864-247-5B427.32251@4^8P8C1427146<-=1640<41P194-:-8940928548C51E4RSTE4RS_E4VSTE4-9C4B055427.322514<368283964-.1
>93?9@4A71614589164?8554/14061C4234̀08=>5D4B89C427141a-=2427.3225143<1989:4?78514W12289:@
,51-942714-8.4B8521.4-9C4?-.;42714/8>140<@4[==151.-21427.30:742714:1-.64092854271427.322514864-24B055427.322514Q-4658:7240<7855
8642714/1624<5-=14B3.42786U@4[B21.4-4B1?461=39C643B4B055427.322514.09989:E4̀08=>5D4<05548942714=502=74-9C4623<4271419:8914Qb#
&#"))#c"+!!&'%&!"#%I)!#J#*""#*"#Md@4e1;3P1427146<-.>4<50:4-9C4533>4-248264=353.@4O2467305C4/14-458:7242-9
=353.4QB3.4;3.1489B34394.1-C89:46<-.>4<50:64=58=>471.1U@4OB482f64?7821E42714-8.SB0154;8a20.14864233451-94-9C4-4/8::1.4;-89
!"#$%&'()$"*+!,%,+",!#-,.(/01/,$!!,*#%$0,0#
!"#$%&2*#3#3$-*#30!#$40-$,/#(,**#3-#%!!+5/3
*!!,(,*,/#&
6(,0#$"#$-,/#"+(,!#%**+5/3*!!,&'()$-!,*5!#
#%!,*#,.(/01/,&'()$%,+",!#!,"*+-,$*5!#,.(/01/,&
75!*,*/*#"%/$%"+$%#3#%#$,/#&'(#3#$,/###35!!,8/$!((!(
%-5!$*,*#"/,#%#!,!/!*#3,9(/01/,&'($*,$#"*+!(
*,"/,!,-$*,#3!/#01/,$*,#3#,*#&'(%/$0#$*,$#
(,!#!(*,"/,!,-"!55!$&'(/,##3$*,"#!##%!#%(%!$#)#8
((*-5!!",5*%,,3,!,$0,!#&2%/$#35!$*,-/,#
:.;/,#0#%$,/#"+"#%/$0#$&6%/$5!*,*//#0!!,*8*,/#$*#8
!((!(%#!$!#$!,"!3$&
<
=>?@?ABCD<EAF@BGD<HIB<=@J<KCFLCJH?AJC
M#*#3$$#%"+$,/###33!!%-,,0#8(*!,$*#35,(!,0#!(
#3#&6/%-,05,/,-#%/0%8,"3(*!,$((*!##3#,/#&6,%#$8
#*,$$$,3$*!%,&7$0#$,,0!,!183#0!*/$#$0$5*#,$*!%&
2#05,/,%,!5$-#3#,/##,#%0!,(/!"%%%!*!05#$&2#
,05,/,3$,0,-#3#,/#,*,#%$$(/"#%%&6##3#$%NO%3
P,#08,/#5!!,8#05,/,,*$QR%3P,#&
6/%((*$#3$#*,,$$,0!*/$$/%#*,$$&6"+,/#$3!!%$,/#
,*:R-RRR(%/!##,,&
S/0%8$!0/*0!$,$#,&6$/0%8#*,$$-#3",*,&6"+,/#$(#$#
0!,##3$%,8,08,/#,*$%83!$!##%/0%8#*,$$&
T!,,*!#(*!,$,$!00$/$%!(#%*!,,**,"/,!,$#3$(!,*#3#305,/,$#%/%$&
7*,#U@V<W-$!$85**!,,*!#(*!,*,&7!/$$*,-*,"/,!,#%,%!#5!
#%0#$4$&X,0#*!,,*,05,/,#%(!!*,!,!,3/#*!,,*
!#$(!/#%&Y!$,3%!#(,!0$5!#/#*!,,**!,,*!#(*!,$(!/#%&Z$#3U@V<W$#
105-,05,/,$Q[%3P,##%/%$NORR(&7*!,,*!#(*!,"R&QO&7!(#%
!/*!,,*!#0##%5!$-0/5*!,,*!#(*!,#%*$4&60#$4!(N[R!/%"
0/5%"8R&QO#%#0#$4!/%"NOO&65!$4!(;R!/%"0/5%"8R&QO#%
5!$4!/%"N\&]&
^_`<W
!"!!#"$%"&&'"("'&#)*)&#*!&!"+,-"''!
./0123!&&.'!,4'%"'!$#$#+&.+'!&+''&#)*)
&#*!&!"+,
566786296:;96:2566786;<0=2>?=6@2AB==6?:0BC2ADE=:
AB==6?:0BC FGHI2B= FGHIL FGHHL HG3MLHG3N HG3N2B=
/E?:B= EJBK6 FGHH HG3M J68B@
O&#) 4+"P" Q"P R!. Q"P 4+"P"
#!( #!( "P ".!## ".!##
S&# T+#U R!. R!. R!. V!"#U
"( U" U"
W"+ Q% XYZ% R!. XYZ% Q%%
U( %
[\]232
2
4'"!#+!"+$^*!&'!"$U&+''U.""_%(S`",W##('""a&,
".!##(UUb^!',.
c!` U!(,