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Survey Design For Interpolation

This document discusses survey design considerations for 3D seismic data interpolation. It examines different decimation geometries including removing every other source point, source and receiver point, or source line. Randomization of source points is also considered. The best interpolation results are achieved with high trace density in one direction and good near offset coverage. Multi-year acquisition is possible if infill surveys maintain high trace density in one direction and have complementary offset and azimuth distributions. The design must account for all processing steps, not just interpolation.

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Mustapha Chettouh
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51 views44 pages

Survey Design For Interpolation

This document discusses survey design considerations for 3D seismic data interpolation. It examines different decimation geometries including removing every other source point, source and receiver point, or source line. Randomization of source points is also considered. The best interpolation results are achieved with high trace density in one direction and good near offset coverage. Multi-year acquisition is possible if infill surveys maintain high trace density in one direction and have complementary offset and azimuth distributions. The design must account for all processing steps, not just interpolation.

Uploaded by

Mustapha Chettouh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3D SEISMIC ACQUISITION

SURVEY DESIGN FOR


INTERPOLATION

A N D R E A C R O O K 1 , B A L A Z S N E M E T H 2 , C H R I S T I A N E S C A L A N T E 2 , Y E Z H E N G 3 , L A U R I E R O S S 3 , K E I T H M I L L I S 1

1 O P T I S E I S S O L U T I O N S L T D .
2 B H P B I L L I T O N
3 G E O - X E X P L O R A T I O N S E R V I C E S I N C .
OUTLINE
• Project Objectives
• Designing for Interpolation
• Limitations
• Multi-Year Acquisition
• Conclusions
OBJECTIVE
Regional + Focused Infill = High Resolution ?
METHODOLOGY
Input Decimated Combined Infill
Geometries
PROCESSING
• Decimated Raw Shots
• Original Input Statics &
Velocities
• Multi-dimension interpolation
• Anti-Leakage Fourier Transform
(ALFT)
• inline, xline, offset, azimuth and
time
• Post Stack Migration
DECIMATED GEOMETRIES

½ Station
DECIMATED GEOMETRIES

Random
½ Station
½ Station
DECIMATED GEOMETRIES

Random
½ Station ½ Line
½ Station
DECIMATED GEOMETRIES

½ Sources Removed
Same Average Fold & Trace Density

Random
½ Station ½ Line
½ Station

½ Sources & Receivers Removed


Same Average Fold & Trace Density
DECIMATED GEOMETRIES

½ Sources Removed
Same Average Fold & Trace Density
Increasing
Fold & Random
Trace ½ Station ½ Line
½ Station
Density

½ Sources & Receivers Removed


Same Average Fold & Trace Density
GEOMETRY COMPARISON

Trace Density
Based on

Fold
Constant
Bin Size

Offset
OFFSET LIMITED FOLD
High
Fold

Low
Fold
OFFSET LIMITED FOLD
High
Fold
½ Sources Removed

½ Sources & Receivers Removed

Low
Fold
INTERPOLATION RESULTS

Random
½ Station ½ Line
½ Station
INTERPOLATION COMPARISONS
• Near Offsets

• Trace Density

• Operational Efficiencies

• Randomization
NEAR OFFSET EFFECT
½ Source & Rec Stations ½ Source & Rec Lines
NEAR OFFSET DISTRIBUTION
½ Source & Rec Stations ½ Source & Rec Lines
Large
Offset

Small
Offset
NEAR OFFSET EFFECT
½ Stations ½ Lines
NEAR OFFSET EFFECT
½ Stations ½ Lines
TRACE DENSITY EFFECT
½ Source & Rec Stations ½ Source Station
TRACE DENSITY
½ Source & Rec Stations ½ Source Station
High

Low
TRACE DENSITY EFFECT
½ Source & Rec Stations ½ Source Station
TRACE DENSITY EFFECT
½ Source & Rec Stations ½ Source Station
OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY EFFECT
½ Source Line ½ Source Station
OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY
Source
Density = Source
Density

Source
Linear Km > Source
Linear Km
OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY EFFECT
½ Source Line ½ Source Station
RANDOMIZATION EFFECT
Regular ½ Source Station Random ½ Source Station
RANDOMIZATION
Regular ½ Source Station Random ½ Source Station
RANDOMIZATION EFFECT
Regular ½ Source Station Random ½ Source Station
INTERPOLATION RESULTS

Random
½ Station ½ Line
½ Station
LIMITATIONS
REPROCESSING WITH/WITHOUT
RE-PICKING VELOCITIES & STATICS

Inline

Decimation with Decimation with


Original Velocities & Original Survey New Velocities &
Refraction Statics Refraction Statics

Crossline

32
MULTI-YEAR ACQUISITION
INCORRECT MULTI- YEAR SURVEYS

+ ≠

+ ≠
OFFSET & AZIMUTH DISTRIBUTIONS

Offset Azimuth

+
Correct Multi-Year Surveys

+ =

+ =
OFFSET & AZIMUTH DISTRIBUTIONS

Offset Azimuth

+
Multi-Year Survey Fold

+ =

+ =

Bin Size = Double Original Bin Size = Original Bin Size = Original
MULTI-YEAR RESULTS

+ +
MULTI-YEAR RESULTS

Inline Difference

+
MULTI-YEAR RESULTS

Crossline Difference

+
MULTI-YEAR ACQUISITION

+
CONCLUSIONS
• Best Interpolation results achieved when:
• High-density sampling maintained in one direction
• Guided Randomization applied
• Well sampled near offsets

• Multi-Year acquisition possible when:


• Infill survey has complimentary attributes
• high-density sampling maintained in one direction

• Design account for all processes, not just 5D interpolation


ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
BHP Billiton

Geo-X Exploration Services Inc.

OptiSeis Solutions Ltd.

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