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Esc201: Introducton To Electronics: Sinusoidal Steady State Analysis

The document is about sinusoidal steady state analysis in electrical circuits. It discusses canonical forms for sinusoidal waveforms, average power calculations, phasor representations, complex impedances of circuit elements like resistors, inductors and capacitors. It provides examples of calculating currents and voltages in RLC circuits using phasor analysis and applying concepts like superposition theorem. Finally, it discusses power calculations and shows that while the average power dissipated in an inductor or capacitor is zero, power supplied by the source is dissipated in the resistances in the circuit.

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ash jay
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© © All Rights Reserved
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64 views

Esc201: Introducton To Electronics: Sinusoidal Steady State Analysis

The document is about sinusoidal steady state analysis in electrical circuits. It discusses canonical forms for sinusoidal waveforms, average power calculations, phasor representations, complex impedances of circuit elements like resistors, inductors and capacitors. It provides examples of calculating currents and voltages in RLC circuits using phasor analysis and applying concepts like superposition theorem. Finally, it discusses power calculations and shows that while the average power dissipated in an inductor or capacitor is zero, power supplied by the source is dissipated in the resistances in the circuit.

Uploaded by

ash jay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ESc201 : Introducton to Electronics

Sinusoidal Steady state Analysis

Dept. of Electrical Engineering


IIT Kanpur

1
Recap
Canonical Form x(t )  xm cos(t   )
Phase difference is usually considered between -180 to 180o

2
Average Power Vrms
Vrms 
Vm Vm2
pavg  pavg 
R 2 2R
Im 1 2
I rms  pavg  Im R
2 2

Phasor
v(t )  Vm cos(t   ) Vm 
2
Recap Complex Impedances
Inductor

VL  I L  Z L Z L  j L

3
Resistor R

v(t)

v(t )  VM cos(t   ) i (t )  VM cos(t   )


R
VM
VR  VM  IR  
R
VR
IR 
R
4
Example-5 i(t) L=0.1H R=50

v(t)

v(t )  2 cos(200t  45) V   200 rad/s

j20 50

Z L  j L

VS  245 V 5
Example-5 contd.
50+j20
Zeq

VS  245 V

245 245
I    0.03723.2 A
50  j 20 53.8521.8

i (t )  0.037 cos(200t  23.2) A

6
j20 50

VS  245 V

50
VR  2 45  V
50  j 20

Concept of voltage or current division can be used as before

7
Capacitor
v(t )  VM cos(t   )

dvc
ic  C
dt

i(t )   CVM sin(t   )


i(t )  CVM cos(t    90 ) o

VC  VM  I C  CVM   90
In a capacitor, current leads voltage by 900 8
Capacitor
VC  VM 

I C  CVM   90

I C  C90 VM 

I C  jCVC

1 1
VC  I C  ZC ZC  j
jC C

9
10
Example-6

11

12
A

13
V

VS  10030

I  0.707  15

14
Example-7

15
V

 V

16
Currents Z RC  50  j 50 

A
A
17
Example-8

18
19
Example-9

20
21
Example-10

22
23
25
Superposition Theorem is also applicable for independent
sinusoidal sources
26
27
Example-11

28
29
Power dissipation in RLC Circuits
For Resistance T
v (t ) 2 1 v(t ) 2
0 R dt
R
p pavg 
R T
v(t) 2
Vrms
pavg 
R
Vm
Vrms 
2

pavg  I rms
2
R
Im
I rms 
2 30
L

v(t)

pavg  0
31
C

v(t)

pavg  0

32
General Rule v(t )  VmCos(t )
i(t )  I mCos(t   )

T
1
p
T  v(t )  i(t )dt
0

For a resistor PF = 1, while for inductor and capacitor it is 0


1 1
j L   L 90 ;  j    90
C C
 is phase difference between voltage and current 33
Find the average power drawn from the supply

0.1
I Rrms   0.071
Where is this power dissipated? 2

P  VRrms  I Rrms cos   I 2


Rrms  R  0.5W 34
Average power dissipated through the inductor
VL  j100  I 14.14  45
    45  135  90
P 0
1
PI  R  0.5W P  I Rrms R 
2 2 2
Rrms
IR R
2 35
Should a Power company charge a person even though power
consumed is zero?

L Power
v(t)
Meter

pavg  0
Rwire

L Power
v(t)
Meter
Power is dissipated and
somebody has to pay for it.
Rwire 36

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