Test Your|V 0 Prepositions pay Pe hn aie) PENGUIN ENGTest Your Prepositions Peter Watcyn-Jones and Jake Allsop PENGUIN ENGLISHPearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate Harlow Essex CM20 2JE, England and Associated Companies throughout the world. ISBN 978-0-582-45172-8 First published 1990 This edition published 2001 Ninth impression, 2008 ‘Text copyright © Peter Watcyn-Jones and Jake Allsop 1990, 2001 Designed and typeset by Pantek Arts Ltd, Maidstone, Kent Test Your format devised by Peter Watcyn-Jones lustrations by Peter Standley Printed in China SWTC/09 All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Publishers. Published by Pearson Education Limited in association with Penguin Books Ltd, both companies being subsidiaries of Pearson ple. For a complete list of the titles available from Penguin English please visit our website at www.penguinenglish.com, or write to your local Pearson Education office or to: Penguin English Marketing Department, Pearson Education, Edinburgh Gate, Harlow, Essex CM20 2JE.ea Contents To the student vii Section 4: Preposition + noun (1) Noun 3s Section 1: Prepositions of = in Groups 9 time and place On + noun 40 WF Deseribing a room 2 (2f Jumbled sentences 1 42 §2 Following directions 4 2B At, by, in, on, out of 43 1B) A question of timing ¢ (28) Against, at, off, on, under 44 |@ Time expressions 7 80) Matching pairs 3 45 {5% Pairs of prepositions g 8H Similar, but different 46 (6! Joke time 1 jo 82) Proverbs and sayings 48 Section 2: Verb + proposition Section 5: Preposition + noun (2) 1 Matching pairs 1 12 83. At + noun 51 1B! Complete the sentences 1 13 ‘84 By +noun 52 "© Verb groups 14 '85) Preposition + noun pairs 54 HO Complete the sentences 2 15 186. Matching pairs 4 55 4H Sentence transformation 1 16 (87) In +noun 56 Bl Against, at, by, for, in, over 18 188) Sentence transformation 4 58 48) About, from, into, on, to 9 39) After, at, for in, to 60 44 Sentence transformation 2 20 (40 Cartoon time 1 61 18 Adverb + preposition pairs 22 ection 6: Adjective + preposition 16 Vero + preposition crossword 24 Adjective groups aw Section 3: Noun + preposition a2 Sentence transformation5 64 47 Matching pairs 2 27 48) Complete the sentences 3 66 48) Fil the gaps 1 og 144) About, at, by, for, in, of on, with 67 49) Compound prepositions 1 30 a ‘45. Sentence transformation 6 68 ‘20. Fill the gaps 2 34 BE conicicte the cont 170 te [Bll Sontence transformation 82 ga, a eee ae _ missi 22 Fill the gaps 3 34 maine see 48) Adjective + preposition '23 Compound prepositions 2. 35 . - 24 Noun + preposition crossword 36Section 7: Prepositions in context — Section 8: Just for fun! Holiday disaster 75 {BH Confused consonants 87 {BO Old friends 76 [BB What are they saying? 1 89 (BH Jumbled sentences 2 78 {BO Joke time 2 90 (8 audrey Hepburn 79 [60] What are they saying? 2 91 [BB How was your holiday? a 3 {54 The pertect woman 83 {BB Idioms 84 5 Cartoon time 2 85eae To the student Prepositions are used all the time in English, but it is often difficult to know which preposition to use. Prepositions are ‘little words’ but they carry a lot of meaning. It is important to choose the right preposition or you may say the wrong thing. If you want to understand better how to use prepositions in English, the tests in this book will help. There are eight sections in the book. They will help you to: use prepositions to express relationships in time (on Friday, at noon), and place (at the movies, across the street); understand how prepositions are used with particular verbs, adjectives and nouns; ® test your knowledge of compound prepositions (in spite of), and of phrasal verbs which use prepositions (look after, bump into). Each section begins with a short explanation of the points being tested, and many tests also have tips (advice) on how to do the tests and what to look out for. Do read these explanations and tips: they are there to help you. To make the book more challenging and more fun, many different kinds of tests are used, including sentence transformation, gap-filing, crosswords, jokes and cartoons. There is a key at the back of the book so that you can check your answers. There is no magic formula for learning prepositions. When deciding which preposition to use, always consider meaning. For example, a common meaning of with is using, so it is logical to hit a nail with a hammer, cut an apple with a knife, etc. When you come across a prepositional phrase which is new to you, it is a good idea to learn it in a context. So, for example, don’t simply learn on purpose; put it in a sentence /t wasn’t an accident; | did it on purpose. Peter Watcyn-Jones and Jake AllsopESISeC0h Prepositions of time and place This section looks at the use of prepositions to show the relationship between people, things and events Prepositions can express relationships in TIME, answering the question ‘When?’, e.g. Let's meet on Friday, at three o'clock and chat for a while. They can express relationships in SPACE, answering the question ‘Where?’, e.g. He lived alone in an old house on the edge of the village. They can also express many other kinds of relationships such as PURPOSE, e.g. You ought to have a dog for company, POSSESSION, e.g. The other side of the garden, and RESULT, e.g. A verdict of death from drowning. ‘You'll have to make your own bed from now on.’ Section 1: Prepositions of time and place 1Describing a room Look at the drawing and fill in the missing prepositions and prepositional phrases in the sentences below. Choose from the following but only use each word or phrase once. above behind below between in in frontof nextto on opposite. to the left of to the right of | under The sofa is__opposite _ the armchair. The CD-player is the TV. The clock is the painting. a Bw The clock is the mantelpiece. 13) The mobile phone is the table. ‘4 The painting is the fireplace. 18) The bookcase is the fireplace. 6 The glasses are the bottle. 4 The flowers are the vase. 1B) The coffee table is the sofa and the armchair. 1 The cat is the armchair. 10 a i The book is the vase of flowers. 2 Section 1: Prepositions of time and placeSection 1: Prepositions of time and place 3Following directions Jane has written to her friend Lucy, giving her instructions on how to reach her house. Look at the map and fill in the missing prepositions in the letter. Dear Lucy, Thanks for your letter. It's quite easy to find my houge. When you get (1) ___off _ the bus, start walking (2) the High Street @) the church. (4) the way, you'll pase a pub called The King’s Head and a telephone box. Just (5) the telephone box, (6) ____ the left, ie a car park. Go (7) the car park and continue (8) the footpath that goes (9) Box Wood. Turn right (10) the signpost and walk (11) the river bank until you come (12) a bridge. Don't go (13) the bridge but keep on walking until you reach a cottage called Hillside. (14) the cottage Io a narrow road that leads (15) a farm. Follow the road and turn left just before you reach the farm. (16) the end of this road is a row of houses. | live (17) the middle house. It's number 10 and has a lamppost (18) it. If 'm not in, go (19) the back where you'll find a spare key to the front door (20) the right (21) the back door, (22) a flowerpot. | hope you dor't get lost! I'm looking forward to seeing you again. Lots of love, Jane 4 Section 1: Prepositions of time and placeSection 1: Prepositions of time and place 5A question of timing Read the story and fill in each blank with a suitable preposition of time. My parents met (1) during the Second World War: (2) August, 1943, to be precise. My father was home (3) leave from the front, and he had decided to spend the first week with an aunt in Liverpool. He hadn’t seen her (4) several years, even though she had brought him up (5) his mother’s death. Liverpool is not the most beautiful city in the world, but it can be very pleasant (6) summertime, especially early (7) the morning. (8) this particular morning, however, my father was in no mood to enjoy the sunrise over the River Mersey. His train had left London (9) time, but (10) the time it got to Crewe, it was already three and a half hours (11) schedule. So he was in a bad mood and very tired (12) arrival at the station in Liverpool. But something happened (13) minutes of his arrival that changed not only his mood, but also his whole life. Feeling thirsty (14) his long journey, he decided to go and have a cup of tea in the station café. Typically, it was shut (15) that early hour. A notice on the door read ‘Opening hours: (16) 7am (17) 5.30 pm’. He looked at the station clock: ten (18) seven. The café should be open (19) now, he thought. But, knowing station cafés, he realized that he might have to wait (20) eight or even nine o’clock before it opened. Suddenly he noticed a pretty girl sitting on a bench. She was pouring tea from a thermos flask into a cup. He sat down and said: ‘I've never seen such a pretty girl as you (21) all my life! And [ haven't had a hot drink (22) last night. If you give me a drink of your tea, ’ll marry you and look after you (23) the rest of your life!” Believe it or not, she smiled at him, gave him the tea, and ... well, I wouldn't be here now if the café hadn’t been shut (24) that fateful day (25) August, 1943. 6 Section 1: Prepositions of time and placeTime expressions Replace the underlined words with a time expression using the words in capital letters to the right. You will also need the following prepositions: at (2) before for (2) from in (6) outof to without You'll have to make your own bed from now on. FUTURE You'll have to make your own bed _in future. Most of her clothes are no longer fashionable. DATE You really make me angry occasionally. TIMES Your Aunt Kate is using the spare bedroom now. MOMENT Now and then we like to spend a weekend in the mountains. TIME TO TIME We'll be in the UK, but only briefly. LONG Nobody wanted to buy my car, so finally I had to Please be very quiet. There is an examination I hope to see you next month. Until then, Autumn is the time when fruits like apples and Wendy said that she would like to dance, and immediately there were twenty young men offering to dance with her. NO TIME 43 Our daughter left home three years ago, and we don’t know even now what happened to her. THIS DAY 44 You'll have to sleep in the garden temporarily. TIME BEING 45) 1 hope to see you all again soon. LONG Section 1: Prepositions of time and place give it away. END Please complete the rest of your assignments right away. DELAY going on. PROGRESS best of luck with your driving MEANTIME pears are available. SEASONPairs of prepositions The following pairs of phrases or sentences are very similar. Choose a suitable preposition for each pair. above/over at/in on/on to below/under in/into at/to before/ in front of in/on at/in At/In for/since among/ between. She put a blanket _over _ her knees to keep warm. She was wearing a skirt that came just above the knee. We arrived Zurich. We arrived Zurich airport. The cat loved to sleep the sofa, The cat jumped off the table and the sofa. A lot of Holland is sea level. Atlantis was a city the sea. ‘The police burst the room and arrested everyone. ‘The police were already the room when I arrived. T have to go the doctor's for a check-up. She is the doctor's, having a check-up. Iwas you in the queue. Whose is that van the house? I'm leaving Tuesday morning. See you the morning. ‘Things that go ‘bump’ the night! The sky night five o'clock exactly five minutes’ time We've been waiting three o'clock. We've been waiting three hours. In this photo I'm standing my two best friends. It's great to be friends. 8 Section 1: Prepositions of time and placeHB out offoutside The dog jumped the box and into the dustbin. The dog was the door, whining to be let in. 44 above/over 45) by/until FE by/within pal during/ through (98) near/next to 49) by/on 20° below/under ‘Hey diddle diddle, the cat and the fiddle, the cow jumped the moon.’ (children’s nursery rhyme) That cow is definitely__ average! Wait sunset and then leave. Leave sunset at the latest. The bill must be paid 30 days. The bill must be paid the end of the month. She slept the whole thing! Don’t talk the concert. Come and sit me. Is your house far from town? No, it’s quite the centre. ‘| met my true love down the riverside.’ (song) There are lots of people boating the river. If you are eighteen, they won’t let you see that film. Once the exchange rate falls a certain level, the bank will take action. Section 1: Prepositions of time and place 9Joke time 1 Complete the following jokes by filing in the missing prepositions. All the completed phrases are expressions of time or place. TA) Teacher: Where are you_from_? Student: Germany. Teacher: Which part? Student: All of me. 12) anold lady went the optician’s and said: ‘I need a new pair of glasses.’ The optician replied: ‘I knew that as soon as you walked __ the window.’ Doctor: Good morning, Mrs Gibbs. I haven't seen you a long time. Mrs Gibbs: I know, doctor. I've been ill. Question: What's the fastest vegetable the world? Answer: A runner bean. Teacher: If we breathe oxygen the daytime, what do we breathe night? Student: Nitrogen? Patient: Doctor! Doctor! I think I’m a dog. Doctor: _ Sit down, please. Patient: I can’t. I'm not allowed the furniture. Doctor: Did you drink your orange juice after your bath? Patient: drinking the bath I didn’t have much room for the orange juice. Man: [had to give up tap dancing. Woman: Why? Man: kept falling the sink. Man: What's the best way to remove paint a chair? Shopkeeper: Sit down it before it’s dry. Man; My neighbours bang the wall all hours. Friend: Doesn’t that keep you awake? Man: No, but a while I just can’t go on with my trumpet practice! GH James: | throw myself everything I do. Susan: Go and dig a large hole! 10 Section 1: Prepositions of time and placeVerb + preposition The pattern VERB + PREPOSITION (always followed by an object), e.g. think about, believe in, is very common in English. The meaning of the phrase may be literal, e.g. | looked into the room to see who was there, or it may be non-literal, e.g. The police are looking into the disappearance of a nine-year-old boy. In the second example, /ook into means investigate. Usually the choice of preposition is obvious, but in verb phrases like /ook after (meaning take care of), it may not be. Some verbs are followed by a preposition which you might not expect, e.g. depend on (where you might expect from). Note that to, in addition to being a marker of the infinitive, e.g. | like to sunbathe when I'm on holiday, can also be a simple preposition e.g. ! look forward to seeing you or | am not used to getting up early. The way to check this is to see if you can put it after the to: | am not used to getting up early. | am not used to it. But: [like to sunbathe when I’m on holiday. Hike-te+t is not possible, so to here is not a preposition. Everyone is raving about the new play at the Globe Theatre. Section 2: Verb + preposition 11Matching pairs 1 Match each verb + preposition on the left with an object on the right. enrol on... 1 ... miracles believe in ... ‘BY ... an oncoming vehicle translate into ... “© ... an April Fool trick fall behind with... [@)_... your knowledge of statistics brush up on... 1) .... a course at the English Institute come into ... ©) ... the chance to interview the President book into ... “© ... a heavy shower of rain ‘RS ... the best hotel in town inoculate against jump at ... 1)... typhoid, cholera and yellow fever 1 ... your credit card payments shelter from ... "R) ....a fortune FO) fall for i ee collide with ... 1) ... several foreign languages Write your answers here: 1 2 3 4 5 6 a 8 ¢ 10 | 11 | 12 12 Section 2: Verb + prepositionComplete the sentences 1 Complete the sentences below with one of the following verbs plus a preposition. Remember to use the correct form of the verb. apologize arrive belong complain correspond die distinguish experiment fill heat knock lose pray rhyme suffer vote Did you hear about Tom and Sally? They've decided to emigrate to New Zealand. It was almost midnight when we the station. Do you know who this book 2 I taking so long to reply to your letter. Could you this form, please? If you don’t agree with the proposal, you can always it at the meeting. Some people find it difficult to an American accent and a Canadian accent. He the manager about the poor service at the restaurant. Would you say that the British House of Lords the American Senate? I think there’s someone the door. Can you think of a word that ‘sing’? Yes, ‘bring’. Do you think scientists should be allowed to animals? The priest said he would us. For years, her husband had migraines. I don’t know why, but I really hate cards, Tt puts me in a bad mood all day. Although he had survived the battle, the soldier later his wounds. Section 2: Verb + preposition 13Verb groups Place each of the following verbs under a suitable preposition (five under each). When you have finished, see if you can make sentences using each verb plus preposition. abstain appeal apply approve believe benefit cater coincide collaborate compensate concentrate consist cope decrease dedicate delight depart depend dispose — dream enrol expel flee glance. hint indulge invest long marvel object point quarrel rely respond subscribe sympathize take advantage tread vote wink AT FOR FROM glance IN OF ON TO WITH 14 Section 2: Verb + prepositionComplete the sentences 2 Complete the sentences below with one of the following verbs plus a preposition. Remember to use the correct form of the verb. account accuse book count deal grumble insist refrain surround specialize taste ¢ransiate- The Hotel's fire regulations have been translated into eighteen languages. As it was getting late, we decided to the nearest hotel. “My coffee garlic!” ‘You're lucky, mine has no taste at all.’ Iwas cheating in the examination, just because I had made a few notes on the back of my hand. If there are any personnel problems in the factory, the boss always asks @ a 3 || = her deputy to them. "8! the English the weather, but secretly they don’t mind their climate because they love complaining. @ whyamt idiots?” “We don’t know, Dad.’ 1B) the teacher calling me ‘Ghengis’, even though my real name is ‘Attila’, 18) Michael trained as a psychiatrist, and he now mental disorders of the very rich. [HO sylvia is always ready to help people: you can her to help out in a crisis. AM scientists are unable to the hole in the ozone layer, although some people believe that aerosols are to blame. F2 ‘Passengers are kindly requested to smoking.’ (airline announcement) Section 2: Verb + preposition 15Sentence transformation 1 Rewrite the following sentences using the verb in capital letters with a suitable preposition to replace the underlined words. Make each new sentence as similar in meaning as possible to the original. You may need to change the tense or the form of the verb. Choose from the following prepositions. about across against at by for in into on over round through to towards with after 1) Everyone is full of praise for the new play at the Globe Theatre. Everyone is _raving about _ the new play at the RAVE, Globe Theatre. (2) who's taking care of the children? Who's the children? LOOK §) some people are opposed to women with small children going out to work. Some people don’t women AGREE with small children going out to work. 14) My dog really likes you. My dog has really you. TAKE 5) Would you like to explain in more detail what you proposed when we last spoke? Would you like to what you ELABORATE proposed when we last spoke? (Rachael did not hesitate to take advantage of the chance to go to Australia. Rachael the chance to go to Australia. © JUMP 1 Will Lbe at a disadvantage because of my age? Will my age me? COUNT 16 Section 2: Verb + preposition"8! Little children know how to behave in such a way that their parents will give them what they want. Little children know how to GET their parents. 19) The repairs we had to do on the car have really used up a lot of our savings. The repairs have our savings. EAT FO Tedious as it was, I had to examine a large number of documents before I found what I was looking for. Thad to a large number of PLOUGH documents before I found what I was looking for. 1 She happened to find the missing necklace while she was looking for something else. She the missing necklace STUMBLE while she was looking for something else. 12) Any money I have to spare is added to the money Lam saving for my holiday. Any money I have to spare is PUT my holiday. 3) Everybody deserted John after he was arrested, but his wife told him: ‘I will not abandon you, John, whatever happens.’ His wife promised to him. STICK WH She decided to treat herself to a large box of chocolates. She decided to chocolates. INDULGE 4S During the interview, the Prime Minister tried to avoid going into detail about an embarrassing story. She tried to an embarrassing story. GLOSS 6 1am happy to confirm that he is a man of integrity. Ican him. VOUCH Section 2: Verb + preposition 17Against, at, by, for, in, over Complete the following sentences using against, at, by, for, in or over. I tripped _over _ the cat and fell downstairs. Is it true that Peter is currently involved writing a book about Swedish humour? The best reason for having strict rules at school is that it gives the pupils something to rebel when they are older. ‘The match resulted a goalless draw after extra time. Most people think the government is to blame rising unemployment. Although I practise quite a lot, I never seem to win very often tennis. Think of a number. Now multiply it seven. I don’t know his exact age. I can only guess how old he really is. Is it possible to insure yourself nuclear attack? I've been going your essay and I wore out three red pens making corrections! Before going to Africa, Graham had himself inoculated tetanus, yellow fever, cholera and typhoid. Raise the dart to eye level, aim the dartboard and try to hit the bull’s eye. I'm longing the summer holidays to arrive, aren’t you? What do you get if you divide 947 17? A complicated number. 18 Section 2: Verb + prepositionAbout, from, into, on, to Complete the following sentences using about, from, into, on or to. She intended to post my letter, but she forgot all _about_ it. The film The Magnificent Seven was based a Japanese story about the samurai. Don’t kiss the Prince or he might change a frog. How does a frog differ a toad? Today I feel really miserable because I can’t find anything to complain John was about to take his wife out to dinner when it occurred him that he was not married. There’s a man over there with binoculars. Do you think he’s a birdwatcher, or is he spying us? | If I have problems with my homework, | know I can always call my older sister to help me. Resulting their exhaustive research into the matter, scientists can now confirm that we are all getting older. Do you pride yourself looking smart, or are you simply trying to impress me? Make yourself a drink while I go and change something more comfortable. When Tom told me his quarrel with Jerry, I asked him not to involve me in his personal affairs. What it amounts is this: the word ‘socialist’ means what the government wants it to mean. Section 2: Verb + preposition 19Sentence transformation 2 For each of the sentences below, use the verb in capital letters and a suitable preposition to write a new sentence. The new sentence should be as similar as possible in meaning to the original. You may need to change the tense or form of the verb. Wwe laughed very loudly when we saw the clown. ROAR We _roared with _ laughter when we saw the clown. 1) Do you want a drink? CARE Would you a drink? "BS what do the letters EU mean? What do the letters EU 14 We ran into a barn to get out of the rain. SHELTER ‘We the rain in a barn. ‘3 Lent my cousin £5. BORROW My cousin £5 me. 6) The group leader asked students if they would volunteer CALL to help with the campaign to help earthquake victims. The group leader volunteers to help with the campaign. "7 Acar crashed into a bus this morning. COLLIDE A car a bus this morning. “8 Charlie has just inherited a fortune! COME Charlie has just a fortune! 20 Section 2: Verb + preposition1S) I have the same first name as my grandmother. NAME Twas my grandmother. 40 Farmers’ dogs will often attack people they don’t GO recognize. Farmers’ dogs often people they don’t recognize. FA! like the idea of a universal language. APPEAL The idea of a universal language me. 92 1 was really deceived by his story about seeing an FELL ostrich in his back garden! I really his story! | There is a fence round the pond to stop children PREVENT falling in. The fence is to children falling in the pond. 44 I'm not sure what you are trying to say. DRIVE What are you ? Section 2: Verb + preposition 21Adverb + preposition pairs Complete each of the sentences using one of these adverb + preposition pairs. around for aroundto away for.» away with ~— back on behind with downto down with infor in with ~—onat outer — over to upon up to up with a If you go into the park alone at night, watch out for pickpockets. 12 Ifyou can’t do the job, why don’t you hand it someone else? “3 [’ve had so many other things to do lately that I’ve fallen my studies. Never mind, I'll soon catch up. 14 I've been looking somewhere to live, but I haven't found anything suitable yet. “6! When the sky is red in the morning, it means we are some bad weather. 16 Is Pat ill again? He’s forever going some illness or other! (7) just because I kissed you last night, don’t run the idea that I am serious about you. ‘When are you going to mend that broken window?’ ‘Don’t worry, I'll get it one of these day 22 Section 2: Verb + prepositionee ‘8 I didn’t bring any money with me. If you pay for the meal, I'll settle you later. 40! If you're going to apply for that interpreter’s job, you'd better brush your French and German. a ‘When shall we meet for lunch?’ ‘Well, I’m free any time, so I’ll fit your plans.’ 42 He thinks he’s superior to everyone else. That's why he always talks people. 48) My sister was very disappointed when she went to see the Backstreet Boys in concert. She said the group failed to live her expectations! a My parents nag me constantly. They keep me to smarten myself up and get a proper job. 45 When money is short, you have to think about cutting luxuries. 96) ‘Did you get this booklet from a bookshop?’ ‘No, | had to write z° Section 2: Verb + preposition 23Verb + preposition crossword Read through the sentences below and complete the crossword. The missing words are either verbs (in various tenses) or prepositions. Across David's a bit odd, isn't he? He actually rain to sunshine (7). A‘___ away’ is a place where you go so that nobody will find you (4). We to France on the ferrry (9). Stop at me! I'm not deaf, you know (8). She shared her birthday cake her friends (5). I don’t like being in a crowded theatre, so | always try to sit____an exit (4). The driver lost control of his car and crashed __a lamppost (4). We tried to get everyone to___in the dancing (4). Both the candidates were so well qualified that it was very difficult to choose ___ them (7). If you don’t agree with the verdict of the court you can always appeal ___it (7). The next train for Stansted airport will depart___ platform 6 (4). ‘What do you get if you ___ 14 by 122/168. (8) Yoshiko loves Shakespeare; she’s always quoting passages __his plays (4). Let me just make a of your e-mail address and I'll send you an e-mail as soon as I get home (4). Down 24 My job is very international. I work ____ people from all over the world (4). ‘We went under the bridge to___from the rain (7). One of Andrew Lloyd-Webber’s most famous songs is ‘Don’t cry __me, Argentina’ (3). If it’s too small you can always go back to the shop and ___it for a larger one (8). Thave a poor memory so I have to write everything ___in this little book (4). MusakTV is a really bad channel: everybody complains ___ the rubbish they show (5). Very few prisoners ever managed to__ from Devil's Island (6). Milk will soon ___ off in hot weather (2). After a long dry spell, everybody ___ fora really heavy shower of rain (5). Section 2: Verb + preposition15 16 19; 22 23 25 26 29 SECTION 2 Has Michael you to his party on Saturday? (7) You remind me _ my father: he had big ears just like yours! (2) You needn't about Liz. She'll be all right. She knows how to look after herself (5). Don't try to___me for the accident! I wasn't even here when it happened (5). He was very shy and didn’t like with people, especially strangers (6). Would you like one of these cakes? They're _over from yesterday's birthday party (4), Does the River Thames ___ into the North Sea or the English Channel? (4) The judge sentenced him six months’ imprisonment (2) Section 2: Verb + preposition 25SSSecion oa Noun + preposition This section looks at the patterns NOUN + PREPOSITION, e.g. @ cure for, the opposite of, and VERB + NOUN + PREPOSITION, e.g. pay a visit to, take advantage of. There are also many expressions (sometimes called compound prepositions) with the pattern PREPOSITION + NOUN + PREPOSITION, e.g. on account of, by virtue of, for the sake of, in addition to, in favour of. Learn these compound prepositions as whole phrases. Often the choice of preposition depends on the meaning of a noun, e.g. an interest in, a demand for, in addition to. Sometimes the preposition is unexpected, e.g. an aversion to, where you might expect from ‘Do you know of a cure for hiccups?” 26 Section 3: Noun + prepositionMatching pairs 2 Match the phrases in the two columns. Note which preposition is used with each noun. She is undergoing treatment ... A bright student with an aptitude ... Congratulations ... Scientists conduct research ... He has fallen in love ... The Princess is heir ... Coffee drinkers have a choice ... Free tickets with the compliments ... Kenya is a country rich ... It is time for the children to pay a visit ... The Italian chef gave me a recipe ... Working constantly at a computer puts a strain ... Write your answers here: .. in wildlife. .. of the theatre manager. «. into the causes of ageing. ... for spaghetti carbonara. ... for learning foreign languages. . on your arms and shoulders. .». for a serious illness. .. between black and white. .. to the Dutch throne. ... with the girl next door. ... on your Wedding Anniversary! ... to their grandparents. 2 3 4 5 6 oe o ° 11 Section 3: Noun + preposition 27Fill the gaps 1 Complete the sentences below with one of the following nouns plus a preposition. basis campaign choice control cruelty excuse fall freedom genius anger knowledge objection -eppesite strain problem "H Whatis the opposite of _ ‘timid’? Is it ‘bold’ or ‘brave’? ‘2 The chewing gum is that it loses its flavour too quickly. (8) Ifyou hada marrying for love or marrying for money, which would you do? 14 [know you have a cold, but that’s no not doing your homework. 15) Ifyou have to deal with overseas clients, a foreign languages is very useful. '@ Do you have any my parking my car in front of your house? 17 Since the salmonella scare there has been a considerable the consumption of eggs. "8 Perhaps the three most important human rights are hunger, fear and persecution. "8 Einstein hated school and often missed classes, but he was a real mathematics. 28 Section 3: Noun + prepositionIn the dispute between the union and the management, new proposals have been put forward which should at least provide a discussion. In our class, we can do as we like; our teacher has no us at all. The RSPCA is the Royal Society for the Prevention of Animals. Overweight people should not jog because it puts a great their hearts. The African elephant will be extinct within twenty years if an international the ivory trade is not started immediately. Vandalising public property is the only way some youngsters can. express their society. Section 3: Noun + preposition 29© Compound prepositions 1 Complete the following prepositional phrases by choosing a word from the list below. When you have finished, try to make up a sentence using each of the phrases. acest agreement answer behalf good terms means peace pity reference the compliments the benefit the influence at a cost of at with by of for of. in with in to on of on with out of for under of with to with of 30 Section 3: Noun + prepositionFill the gaps 2 Complete these sentences with the correct preposition. Congratulations __0n ___ your thirty-fifth birthday! With reference your advertisement in today’s Guardian, I wish to apply for the position of Sales Manager. We have a good working relationship the local authority. Do you take pride your appearance, or are you just vain? ‘The party's new policy document puts a strong emphasis public ownership of basic utilities like electricity and water. John’s got very strange taste clothes, hasn't he? There has been a considerable improvement the flow of traffic since they opened the extra lanes on the motorway. ‘Have you made proper provision your old age?” ‘No, I intend to become a burden on my children!” Let Alicia work it out; she has an amazing aptitude figures. If you put as much effort your schoolwork as you do roller-blading, you might have a chance. Ina surprising departure tradition, the Queen rode to Parliament on a bicycle. Football fans showed their disapproval the referee's decision by booing loudly. Please give my regards your mother when you see her. Extensive research artificial sweeteners has shown that rats die quickly if you drop large blocks of saccharine on them! Picking your nose in public is not illegal, but it is certainly an offence good manners. Section 3: Noun + preposition 31Sentence transformation 3 For each of the sentences below use the noun in capital letters and a suitable preposition to write a new sentence. The new sentence should be as similar as possible in meaning to the original. (Are you and Jennifer related? RELATIVE Are you a relative of Jennifer's? 12) Pay no attention to what he says. NOTICE Take no what he says. {@) People are demanding lower taxes. REDUCTION People are demanding a taxes. |) My boss seems to enjoy humiliating people. PLEASURE My boss seems to take humiliating people. 15) The interview panel thought that Sarah had IMPRESSION a very good manner. Sarah made a good the interview panel. 1) My best friend is someone I can really trust. CONFIDENCE Treally have my best friend. 17) Henry really knew how to make people laugh. TALENT Henry had a making people laugh. 18) Many filmmakers were influenced by the film IMPACT Citizen Kane. The film Citizen Kane had an many filmmakers. 82 Section 3: Noun + prepositionThis rule is always true. EXCEPTIONS There are no this rule. A lot more people are buying automatic cars DEMAND these days. There is a greater automatic cars these days. A) Lloyds the butcher’s and Lloyds Bank are CONNECTION two completely separate organizations. There is no Lloyds Bank and Lloyds the butcher's. 2 Emma knows a great deal about organic farming. EXPERT Emma is an organic farming. Section 3: Noun + preposition 33Fill the gaps 3 Complete these sentences with a suitable preposition. Do you know of a cure__for hiccups? The public is taking a lot of interest the new courses being offered by the university. The attendance Saturday’s match was very poor. Did he give you any reason his awful behaviour? “Take advantage this special offer! 50% off list price while stocks last!’ At school today, we had a long discussion the best way to learn a foreign language. ‘There's a big difference between being fond of someone and being in love them! ‘Because of a lack interest, tomorrow has been cancelled.’ (notice outside a theatre) It’s a pity poor old Fred: everyone got a Christmas present except him. ‘There has been a sharp increase house prices in recent months. Competitors in the New York Marathon began to drop out of the raceone____ one. There seems to be some confusion what Nelson actually said as he lay dying. Was it ‘Kiss me, Hardy’ or ‘Kismet, Hardy’? Professor Jonah Newt is a specialist marine biology. Because of the increase in the number of firms offering financial services, there's a bigger demand than ever qualified accountants. If you want to know how to get into other people’s computers, pay a visit the website www.hackers.com! 34 Section 3: Noun + prepositionCompound prepositions 2 Complete the prepositional phrases below by choosing a word from the following list. When you have finished, try to make up a sentence using each of the phrases. account addition common exehange favour odds regard respect the exception the expense the sake virtue in exchange for Bin with (8) in to @ in a at with at of (7) with to ew 2] for of HO out of for FA oon of ff) by of Section 3: Noun + preposition 35Noun + preposition crossword Read through the sentences below and complete the crossword. Most of the missing words are either prepositions or nouns. > g 2 a There has been a sharp in the number of people staying on at school over the age of sixteen. There are at least 25% more now than there were three years ago (8). For this job you need to be fluent in French and have a good working knowledge at least two other European languages (2). She has a for being very efficient and hard-working (10). Don't your bike out in the rain: it will get rusty! (5) You shouldn’t have any__in getting to know people in Ecuador. Everyone is so friendly there (10). Being tall, Audrey had a definite advantage My company will not do business ___ countries that use child labour (4). aw - on tight, the bus is about to move!’ (4) (20 Fighting the threat of global pollution is a race___ time (7). 2 can Ihave the for your fruit cake? (6) 24 + me about your date with Dave. I want to hear ALL the details!” (4) (25 “To be or not to be' is a from Hamlet (9). Down The letters RSPCA stand for the Royal Society for the Prevention of to Animals (7). Is there a great difference _ British and American English? (7) What is your attitude people who break the speed limit? (7) On her eighteenth birthday Linda’s grandmother gave her a for £1,000 (6). Brazil is rich _ natural resources (2). Switch the light : it’s more fun in the dark! (3) Does anyone here have a to the problem? (8) 36 Section 3: Noun + preposition others in the team (4).12 15 17 19 22 23 24 The verdict was death natural causes (4). I’ve just heard about Angela's to Thomas. I wonder when the wedding will be? (10) Since she was a mechanic, I asked for her on buying a second- hand car (6). See 23 down. Is your brother still having treatment asthma? (3) oa I = a cat when I was driving to work this morning. I felt really bad about it (3, 4) She is heir ____ the family fortune. That's probably why so many men would like to marry her (2) Section 3: Noun + preposition 37Preposition + noun (1) The pattern PREPOSITION + NOUN gives English many phrases which answer questions like ‘Where?’ ‘When?’ ‘How?’ and ‘Why?’, e.g. in prison, at times, with difficulty, for fun. Where the noun has a general sense, the is not needed, e.g. he is in prison means he is a prisoner. Where the noun refers to something specific, the is needed, e.g. he is in the prison means he is a visitor or an employee in a particular prison Tall people are definitely at an advantage at a football match. 38 Section 4: Preposition + noun (1)Noun groups Fill in the spaces by placing the following nouns under a suitable preposition (four under each). When you have finished, see if you can make up a sentence for each of these prepositional phrases. amoment accident dawn fact first future heart holiday least lunch name private sale Salvador Dali schedule _ strike AT BY first Section 4: Preposition + noun (1) 39On + noun Complete the boxes by filling in the gaps in the following sentences. 1H) The soldiers had orders to shoot S|IIGlHIT the deserter on _sight_. ® ‘onno are you to accept Cc i lifts from strangers,’ parents tell their children. 18) We'd all better arrive on M tomorrow; otherwise we might miss the train. [see Marc’s put his house on the A . Mind you, I don’t think it'll be very easy to sell. "8! Don’t you hate it when a H telephone operator puts you on 2 18) Your book hasn't come yet. But Oo E it’s on , So it should arrive by Friday. "7 ‘You're going to go on a long o| |R ,’ said the fortune-teller as I fell out of the window. ‘8! ve put on a lot of weight lately. aE I think I'd better go on a again. 40 Section 4: Preposition + noun (1){Baul sarah’s friends were busy, so N she had to go to the party on her . FO! Tonight is important. So B V R remember, be on your best A) Before buying anything, it’s a PIP Vv ie good idea to send for a sample on wB T hate planning things; it’s much Pp Ss more fun to do everything on I never pay cash; I always get R D a everything on : The Marketing Manager isn’t Ss N Ss here this week. She's gone to Buenos Aires on 415. Don’t write to me between June oO D 1st and the 16th as I shall be on then. Section 4: Preposition + noun (1) 41Jumbled sentences 1 In the following sentences, the nouns are in the wrong places. Put each one into the correct sentence. My uncle is in (a) FASHION at the moment with a broken leg. Although the patient was obviously in great (b) LUXURY, she never once complained. ‘The detective asked the witness to describe the scene of the crime in (c) EXISTENCE. There are things you will do in private that you would never do in (d) HOSPITAL. Paul can’t concentrate on anything these days. He's in (e) FOCUS again, I'm afraid. This is the only known copy of the book in (f) GENERAL. All the others were destroyed in a fire. She told us that if we were ever in (g) PUBLIC, we could rely on her for help. ‘Tl overlook it this time,’ said the teacher, ‘but remember to do your homework in (h) FACT’ Winning £2 million on the football pools made it possible for him to live in (i) DETAIL for the rest of his life. He didn't want anyone to recognize him, so he went to the party @ DousT. Are you sure the projector's in (k) DIFFICULTY? Everything looks very blurred to me. Ask your solicitor if you're in (1) PAIN about anything in the contract. I see short skirts are in (m) DISGUISE again. In (n) FUTURE, cats are more independent than dogs. I don’t dislike classical music at all. In (0) LOVE, | often go to the Opera. Write your answers here: 1 2/3/4/)5] 6] 7) 8) 9] 10] 11] 12 | 13 | 14} 15 42 Section 4: Preposition + noun (1)At, by, in, on, out of Complete the following sentences using at, by, in, on or out of. Mum must be __in__ a bad mood: she’s just thrown Dad out of the window. Do sit down. Ms Brown will join you a moment. The Street Lawyer is a novel John Grisham. The car went over the brow of the hill and was soon sight. If trains always leave arrive late at the other end? schedule, why do so many of them Could you come back in half an hour? Mr Williams is lunch at the moment. If you can’t finish the report today, it must be done the weekend at the latest. The survivors of the Titanic were sea for several days before being rescued. Does it matter what politicians do private as long as they behave well in their jobs? ‘Would you like a drink, Officer?’ ‘Not while I’m duty, Sir.’ ‘Why have you got a pet buffalo in the house?” ‘| wanted something a little the ordinary.’ I bought an old car cheaply, cleaned it up and sold it next day a profit. It’s not like John to lose his temper. It’s completely character. Most people would jump the chance to spend a year in America, all expenses paid. Section 4: Preposition + noun (1) 43Against, at, off, on, under Complete the following sentences using against, at, off, on or under. Tall people are definitely _@* _ an advantage at a football match. ‘The last item the agenda is ‘any other business’. When I met my husband, it was love later that I had second thoughts! Did you know that in some countries it is the law to set fire to the national flag? first sight. It was only You can go to the disco tonight by twelve o'clock. condition that you are home After the war, several people were tried for crimes humanity. What | am telling you is not official, it’s don’t quote me. the record, so please The proposal to build a sports stadium in the town is still discussion. You could tell a glance that she was used to appearing on stage. Iwas the impression that you had to be twenty-one to vote in general elections. All forms of travel are expensive nowadays, but, travel offers the best value for money. balance, air You look really the weather. Are you ill? “This part of the airbase is limits to non-military personnel.’ When the offer of a free trip to Holland was made, John was very quick the mark, and managed to get the first ticket. no circumstances should you leave your luggage unattended.’ (airport security announcement) 44° Section 4: Preposition + noun (1)Matching pairs 3 Each of the words and phrases on the left can be associated with one of the prepositional phrases on the right. Try to match them up correctly. ata restaurant 1B) on strike © simultaneously 1B) behind bars 13) Don’t tell anyone else! "€) in agony @ running late ‘data moment's notice "5° industrial dispute "2 at daybreak @ It’s burning! od behind the times 17 too young 1G) out of order 18) machine not working {RH behind schedule ee a prisoner ee in flames WO learn a poem 1) between you and me FW with very little warning TR at the same time 2 very early in the morning by heart 93 old-fashioned Tm! under age a4 It really hurts! a on the menu Write your answers here: 1 2/314) 5) &) 7 | &| S | 1G] 11/12 | 13 | 14 Section 4: Preposition + noun (1) 45Similar, but different The following sentences each contain a prepositional phrase which could easily be confused with others, e.g. on time, in time, at a time, at times. Choose which phrase fits the sentence. There is only one correct answer for each sentence. L always keep a dictionary _to__ hand in case I come across a word I don’t know. a) by to c) out of The technicians have checked the sound equipment and report that everything is order. a) on b) by © in I tried to find someone to type up my essay for me, but the end I had to do it myself. a) in b) by ©) to T’ve found a great newsgroup devoted to ice hockey! I came across it chance when I was surfing the Web the other night. a) from b) out of ©) by Have you seen this morning's paper? There's a big picture of you the front page! a) at b) on c) in I’ve taken this watch pieces, and now I can’t put it together again. a) into b) to © in The lady at the check-in desk said ‘Window or aisle?’ x1 think that’s what she said. a) At least b) At last c) At the least If you want to be a professional spy, you have to learn to be very secretive. all, you must learn to listen more and speak less. a) In b) At ©) Above T have some important information for you, but I don’t want to give it the phone. Do you think we could meet somewhere? a) by b) through ©) over 46 Section 4: Preposition + noun (1)‘Is everything OK, nurse?’ ‘Don’t worry, doctor! Everything's control.’ a) under b) in ©) on ‘Do you agree?’ point, but I don’t think you are completely right.’ a) To the b) Uptoa c) On the I never met Joe Louis, but he was a great boxer a) by all accounts b) on account c) in the account I know experience that I do my best work early in the morning. a) in b) from ©) with during the performance of this trick, ladies and gentlemen, do my hands actually leave my arms!’ a) On time b) Inno time c) Atno time There is nothing illegal about my business dealings. Everything is strictly board. a) on b) above ©) by the The red light goes on outside the studio door to let people know that you are air. a) on the b) inthe c) through the I forgot to pack any food so we'll get something to cat the way back. a) in b) on c) over Section 4: Preposition + noun (1) 47Proverbs and sayings (A! Complete the common sayings and proverbs below. Choose from the following prepositions — some are used more than once. against before between from in into on out of = over up with ~—s without 9) Abird___in the hand is worth two___in___ the bush. 1) ws like banging your head a brick wall. a the devil and the deep blue sea. To havea card your sleeve. 15) To have several irons the fire. 16) An iron fist a velvet glove. it’s no use crying spilt milk. 1B) To keep the wolf the door. 18) To kill two birds one stone. 0) To make a mountain a molehill. 7 sight, mind. et the frying pan and the fire. WS. To put the cart the horse. @ The grass is always greener the other side. 45) There's no smoke fire. 48 Section 4: Preposition + noun (1)Now match the expressions you have made to the meanings below. To take advantage of one action to achieve something else as well. To be surrounded by problems with no escape. L] There must be some truth in even the most unlikely rumour. This describes someone who is much tougher or stricter than they appear to be on the surface. You can only be sure of what you have at the moment; you cannot be sure of something which you might get in the future. To exaggerate or make a big fuss over something which is not very serious. LJ To do things in the wrong order. In negotiations, to have something in reserve that you have not yet revealed. heal! To just manage to earn enough to live on. a | To express the idea that all your efforts are getting you nowhere. bend An expression which describes the way you no sooner get out of one difficulty than you find yourself in another that is just as bad or worse. An expression which describes our tendency to believe that life would be better for us somewhere else. (a An expression which describes how easily we forget people as soon as we are no longer with them. To have a number of different interests. This proverb advises you not to waste time regretting things which you cannot change. LI Section 4: Preposition + noun (1) 49Preposition + noun (2) Prepositions express relationships, and most prepositions can have several meanings. For example, over can refer to: @ to or in a higher position, especially vertically higher, e.g. fly over the city, lean over the bridge; @ in authority, e.g. ‘Send her victorious ... long to reign over us’ (from the British National Anthem); value, quantity, number, e.g. It cost over ten million pesetas; @ 2 period of time, e.g. I’m going to be very busy over the next three months; @ on or to the other side of, e.g. My best friend lives over the road; © on account of, e.g. She got very upset over her daughter's decision to drop out of school; recovered from the effects of, e.g. / had a bad cold, but | am over it now. For more information about the various meanings and uses of the common prepositions see the tips in Sections 4 and 5. ‘Hands up all those in favour of going to the seaside for the day.’ 50 Section 5: Preposition + noun (2)At + noun In the following sentences, the nouns are in the wrong places. Put each one into the correct sentence. ‘The car came round the comer at (a) A DISCOUNT. I'm not sure how old you are, but at (b) YOUR OWN RISK, I'd say you were about 110. He was a very good shot and could hit a target at (c) A DISADVANTAGE of 300 metres. We decided to leave at (d) FIRST HAND in order to get there before midday. He was very reluctant to do it at (e) LEAST, but in the end he agreed. Although we had not met before, my host soon made me fee! completely at (f) WAR. Despite what people might hope, women are still at (g) NIGHT when it comes to getting top jobs. The normal price of the DVD was £225, but since business was slow, the Manager decided to sell them at (h) A DISTANCE. Working in a bank isn’t the most exciting job in the world perhaps, but at (i) SHORT NOTICE it pays the rent. Don’t worry about vampires. They sleep during the day and only come out at (j) THE MOMENT. Between 1939 and 1945, Britain was at (k) HOME with Germany. Tell us what you need in good time, please. We don’t like doing things at () A GUESS, I'm afraid the Director isn’t here at (m) FIRST. Could you call back later? ‘There's a large notice in the school cloakroom which say: (n) DAWN.’ “Coats are left here at I decided to go out to India to experience at (0) FULL SPEED the Indian way of life. Write your answers here: 1 2 s|4| a] 6) 7] 8] 8 | 10) 11 12) tai a | 45. Section 5: Preposition + noun (2) 51By + noun Complete the boxes with the missing word from the following sentences. 1d hate to go from England to Australia by _boat_. just imagine being seasick for six weeks! B O}A|T By the , my name's James Samuels. I'm Ms Thompsons assistant. Probably the quickest way of travelling isby__. Fewer and fewer people pay cash nowadays; most pay by credit card onby All public buildings are now required by to have fireproof doors. Can you read music, or do you play by ? I’m sorry, but Dr P|P Salmon sees patients by only. By all bring your boyfriend with you to the party on Saturday. (8) Have you noticed how F many politicians are lawyers by 2 52 Section 5: Preposition + noun (2)40 People who are shy and retiring by t E usually avoid being the centre of attention. The announcement that we could Ul |B have Friday off took us all by F2 My cousin is related to the RIR Governor by » Rear husband is the Governor's brother. 3 As the troublemakers wouldn’t leave the R disco peacefully, they had to be removed by 44 My father was a very private C|C person. I only found out by that he had been a pop star in his youth. Section 5: Preposition + noun (2) 53Preposition + noun pairs Choose the best alternative to complete each of the following sentences. Hands up all those (Gi favour ofYin favour with) going to the seaside for the day. Do you remember that scene (at the end/in the end) of the movie where Hugh Grant and Julia Roberts have a terrible argument? When I was a teacher I knew all my pupils (by name/in name). Who's that standing (at the front offin front of ) Claire in the photo? (In view of/With a view to) the fact that only three people have signed up for Friday's concert, I’m afraid we'll have to cancel it. 1 know them both (by sight/on sight), but I've no idea what their names are. We were just (in time/on time) to see the Queen arrive at the theatre. (In case offIn the case of ) difficulty, you can reach me at this number. He may seem tough and ruthless, but (by heart/at heart) he's a kind and gentle man. You know you can always come to me (at the time offin time of) need. A mother gave her three children a bar of chocolate and told them to (divide it between|divide it among) themselves. The proposal was accepted (on principle/in principle), but we asked for further details before making a final decision. He never travelled abroad (for fear offin fear of ) becoming ill through eating foreign food. These paintings have been (in possession oflin the possession of ) my family for generations. 54 Section 5: Preposition + noun (2)Matching pairs 4 Each of the words and phrases on the left can be associated with one of the prepositional phrases on the right. Try to match them up correctly. What a mess! J haven't eaten! Her husband just died. a personal appearance Ican’t pay! very fashionable She's winning! The picture is blurred. a satellite Your valuables are safe! a radio broadcast a fugitive not playing well very popular gradually Write your answers here: off form in disorder in the flesh on an empty stomach in demand under lock and key in vogue in orbit in hiding on the air by degrees in the lead in debt out of focus in mourning 1 2/);3)4)5/6 15 Section 5: Preposition + noun (2) 55In + noun Complete the boxes on the right by filing in the gaps in the following sentences. (1) On really warm summer evenings, D we usually have a barbecue in the garden. (2) Lalways have a lie-in on Sunday mornings. Lusually stay in until 12 o'clock. I can’t stop, I’m afraid. I’m ina (4 1m afraid the bank can’t lend you more money, Mr Jarvis. You're already over £800 in 1) This car may be old, but it’s still in very good All school fees must be paid in A You'd better take some extra money with you in you need to take a taxi home. (8) The secret service warned the President that her life would be in if she carried out her plan to visit the war zone. (8) Keep away from Simon; he’s in a really bad this morning. 56 Section 5: Preposition + noun (2)GO man , dial 999 M[ [R for the police, fire brigade or ambulance service. FA That joke was in very bad T You should be ashamed of yourself. aa To prevent others from reading their messages, D the rebels communicated with each other in 43 What I’m about to tell you~ [C F C isin » SO please don’t say anything to anyone else. 4 Tt eee anlage | SC N ls say how grateful I am to everyone for making today such a big success.’ 45) There's nothing wrong D R ae with playing computer games as long as it’s done Section 5: Preposition + noun (2) 87Sentence transformation 4 For each of the sentences below, use the noun in capital letters and a suitable prepositions to write a new sentence. The new sentence should be as similar as possible in meaning to the original. F Ican recite Wordsworth’s ‘Prelude’ without MEMORY looking at the book. I can recite Wordsworth’s ‘Prelude’ _from memory ‘2 My bank manager and I get on together very well. GOOD TERMS My bank manager and I are "3° They got married without telling anyone. SECRET They got married . “4 My grandfather was ninety-six when he died. AGE My grandfather died at the ninety-six. 18 We live just outside the town. OUTSKIRTS We live on the the town. "@ I don't feel like going out tonight. MOOD I'm not in the going out tonight. "7 She spent the evening alone. HERSELF She spent the evening “8) I don’t usually give lifts to hitch-hikers. HABIT I’m not in the giving lifts to hitch-hikers. 58 Section 5: Prepasition + noun (2)We have run out of the items you want. The items you want are The way to get the best out of me is to make me work very hard. I work best She attacked the intruder, but only to protect herself. She attacked the intruder STOCK PRESSURE SELF-DEFENCE 1 will finish work early today if everything goes well. LUCK I will finish work early today any : We have decided to stay here permanently. We have decided to stay here 44 I accidentally pressed the ‘eject’ button. I pressed the ‘eject’ button GOOD MISTAKE Section 5: Preposition + noun (2) 59After, at, for, in, to Complete the following sentences using after, at, for, in or to. ‘Are all the preparations made?’ “Don’t worry, everything is__in _ hand.’ You can change your job, you can move house, but marriage is meant to be life. Please, Dad, can I go to the cinema with Angela tonight? all, | am thirty-three years old now! We didn’t know certain whether they would come or not. She told him his face exactly what she thought of him, Marianne is the sort of person who makes you feel immediately ease. There was a lot of excitement in class the announcement that our teacher is moving to another school. This is supposed to be a democracy, but it is a democracy name only. The clock is to be sold auction. My husband brought me some flowers today. He must be something! Tom sent a copy of his will to his bank safe keeping. We don’t like the seaside much, but we usually take our holidays there the children’s sake. careful consideration, the government has decided not to put up the price of ice cream. P'm sorry, but I’m not liberty to tell you any more. 60 Section 5: Preposition + noun (2)Cartoon time 1 Match the captions to the cartoons, adding the missing prepositions. ‘How earth did you get in there the first place?” ‘Don't worry, they only come out night!’ ‘Well, if you wait long enough, they might come back fashion, I suppose.’ second thoughts, I’ll just stay here and watch.’ ‘Dad, there’s a man the door with a bald head.’ “Tell him I’ve already got one.’ ‘I didn’t do it purpose, honestly!’ Section 5: Preposition + noun (2)Adjective + preposition The most frequently used prepositions after adjectives are to, of and for. Others are at, with, in, by, about, from and on. To help you remember which preposition to use, think about the meaning of the preposition as well as the meaning of the adjective. The preposition with, for example, describes the cause or instrument e.g., He cut the loaf with a knife. So, the use of with after angry, e.g. | was angry with him, is logical because he was the cause of my anger. © The preposition at refers to ability, which explains good at sports, bad at remembering things, quick at figures. @ The preposition from refers to separation or absence, so it is logical to use from in adjectival phrases like missing from, exempt from, disqualified from: J once saw a notice that said, ‘Do not throw stones at this notice’. 62 Section 6: Adjective + prepositionAdjective groups Fill in the spaces below by placing the following adjectives under a suitable preposition (four under each). When you have finished, see if you can make up sentences containing each of the adjectival phrases. according accustomed annoyed aware famous friendly handy epeless- jealous late opposed pleased popular quick ready regardless short similar surprised valued AT OF FOR hopeless TO WITH Section 6: Adjective + preposition 63Sentence transformation 5 For each of the sentences below, use the adjective in capital letters with a suitable preposition to write a new sentence. The new sentence should be as similar as possible in meaning to the original. {My father has always liked football. INTERESTED My father has always been _interested in football. 2) Everyone has heard about the leaning tower of Pisa. FAMOUS. Pisa is its leaning tower. 8) We didn’t think she would pass the exam. DOUBTFUL We were her passing the exam. 1) The painting is worth £25,000. VALUED The painting i £25,000. 1S) This passport can be used in most countries. VALID This passport is most countries. 16) It’s very easy to get to the station from my house. HANDY My house is the station. 17 Your car is like one I used to own. SIMILAR I used to own a car yours. "B) He would never tell you a lie. INCAPABLE He is telling a lie. 64 Section 6: Adjective + prepositionSports cars are John’s great passion. CRAZY John is sports cars. It was very kind of you to help me. GRATEFUL lam you for your help. All the teachers like Kate. POPULAR Kate is all the teachers. The people of Dolichorhinia are noted for CHARACTERISTIC their long noses. Long noses are the people of Dolichorhinia. There are saguaro cacti everywhere in the deserts of South Arizona. Saguaro cacti are the deserts of South Arizona. TYPICAL I have never seen this kind of mountain bike before. This kind of mountain bike is me. NEW Section 6: Adjective + preposition 65Complete the sentences 3 Complete the sentences below with one of the following adjectives plus a preposition. allergic deep distracted envious exempt fortunate quick sensitive suited -syrpathete- unaware Although they said they were _ sympathetic to_ our cause, they were not prepared to support us officially. Sarah was very figures, so she eventually became a successful accountant. Tam anyone who can play the piano really well. When it comes to keyboards, I have five thumbs on each hand! Most people are the difference between Eskimo and Inuit. Some plants are so pollution that they can only survive in a perfectly clean environment. Newton, the discoverer of gravity, was so thought one morning that his housekeeper found him holding an egg in his hand, having dropped his watch into the boiling water. The flat wasn’t very big, but it was perfectly our needs. Candidates with university degrees are parts | and II of the examination. Charles is disabled, so he is having a wife who is also a trained nurse. I don’t like open-plan offices. I am too easily other people’s phones. Tam animal fur, so I avoid visiting friends who have cats or dogs in the house. 66 Section 6: Adjective + prepositionAbout, at, by, for, in, of, on, with Complete the following sentences using about, at, by, for, in, of, on, or with. I once saw a notice that said: ‘Do not throw stones _at ___ this notice’. Tam astonished the way my students can spend all night at the disco and still make it into class the next morning. There’s no point in getting upset things which are beyond your control. ama bit weak science subjects, but I am trying to improve. Are you familiar Professor Wilhelm’s work on bilingualism in parrots? Susan is disabled but she likes to do things for herself. She hates to be dependent others. Don’t you get annoyed people who push past you without saying ‘Excuse me’? Sorry I’m late! I was so absorbed. what time it was. my book, I didn’t realize That’s no way to behave! You ought to be ashamed yourself! I wonder who is responsible all that amazing graffiti you see on public buildings? Sarah is studying hard. She is intent degree. getting a good ‘That remark was not worthy you. Section 6: Adjective + preposition 67Sentence transformation 6 For each of the sentences below use the adjective in capital letters with a suitable preposition to rewrite the sentence. The new sentence should be as similar as possible in meaning to the original. 1H) The Health and Safety Act forbids smoking in CONTRARY restaurant kitchens. Smoking is__contrary to _ the Health and Safety Act. |B The library has lost a number of books lately. MISSING A number of books are the library. "3 1 did not like the way you spoke to your sister. DISGUSTED Iwas the way you spoke to your sister. @ Do you know the works of the poet William FAMILIAR Macgonagall? Are you the works of William Macgonagall? a We have scarcely enough money to live on. SHORT We are ve money. y- 6) Our customs and theirs are not the same. DIFFERENT Their customs are ours. "% _ You and [ have exactly the same earrings. IDENTICAL Your earrings are mine. 8) Polar bears are found only in the Arctic regions. PECULIAR Polar bears are the Arctic regions. 68 Section 6: Adjective + preposition"8 We may have to increase our prices without warning. SUBJECT Our prices are increase without warning. 40 People associate Oscar Wilde with wit. WELL KNOWN Oscar Wilde is his wit. FH Julie loves jazz; she listens to it all the time. MAD, Julie is jazz. 2 The latest opinion poll suggests that fewer ACCORDING people eat meat nowadays compared to twenty years ago. the latest opinion poll, fewer people eat meat nowadays. 4S) Bad weather over the Atlantic caused the delay to DUE our flight. The delay to our flight was bad weather over the Atlantic. 44 A new DVD player was just what Jack wanted. DELIGHTED Jack was his new DVD player. Section 6: Adjective + preposition 69Complete the sentences 4 Complete the sentences below with one of the following adjectives plus a preposition. addicted angry ad based capable disqualified expert famous followed full involved jealous surprised Don’t ask me to add up the bill. I'm really _bad at maths. Although Tony wouldn’t admit it, everyone could see that he was his brother's success. ae J “3 Some people become so the Internet that they spend all night surfing the Web. 1H janet! 'm you playing computer games when you are supposed to be working! “5 The city of Sydney is _its wonderful Opera House, amongst other things. “6 The musical West Side Story was Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. 7 For dinner we had grilled fish and vegetables, a huge serving of strawberries and cream. "8 teachers soon get their students if they don’t do their homework. “9 ‘We know you weren’t alone, Biggs,’ the detective said, ‘so, who else was the crime?” 40 Life is _____ surprises, isn’t it? F4 — L know how to use the Internet, but I wouldn't say I was it. “42 Lately, several athletes have been taking part in their events because they failed their drug tests. 43° ‘Do you think politicians are telling lies?” ‘Everybody is!’ 70 Section 6: Adjective + prepositionFind the missing adjective Match each phrase on the left (1-14) with a phrase on the right (@—-n) and put in the missing adjective. Choose from the following. accompanied -aeeusterred- blind convenient due hopeless keen late nervous opposed pleased regardless rich suspicious He lives alone in a remote village, so is . . in other minerals. No children are admitted unless .. to hunting. — .. for a service. It’s a country without much oil, but .. at maths and science. 1D) she's a farmer's daughter, so she is 1)... for the motorway. accustomed YB)... of strangers. ©) Harry's so slow, he'll even be I ... to working wi 13) This car has high mileage and is Epwrodking, wily animals. 14 She didn’t like the jacket but she was OG)... of gender, age or ethnic origin. 5) I don't like rap music, but | am 1S)... with the skirt. > OF. tonis ©6) the examination wasn’t difficult, but WeNieee: vm .« about the results. 17 she's good at languages, but oO (data “8 min favour of fishing, but TH) ... by an adult. “9 The job is open to all, TW... on salsa. “10. The house is outside town, but is Eh .. forhis own funeral! He knows his good points, but he’s Section 6: Adjective + preposition 71Adjective + preposition crossword Read through the sentences below and complete the crossword. The missing words are either adjectives or prepositions. 5 g We're having a party on Saturday and I'm really excited it (5). Everyone thought John would stay single, so we were really surprised when we heard that he had got to a Swedish girl (7). At first Pierre found it quite difficult to drive in Britain because he ‘was not to driving on the left (10). Everyone felt for him because he didn’t pass his exams (5). Peter has always been with the lights on (6). of the dark, and that’s why he sleeps I'm not very at tennis; I always seem to lose (4). What a saleswoman! She's in all her business deals. She hasn’t once failed to get an order (10). '8828 8 BS E BS 5 early for anything in his entire life! (7) If you're not ___ with the service at the hotel, then you should complain to the manager (9). My sister doesn’t think that guns are very toys for children. If she had her way, they'd all be banned (8). The boss has been ill ___a cold for the past week (4). “1 You are not allowed to be from school without permission (6). “8 When the children woke up on Christmas morning they were excited to see the ground ___ with snow (7). 6 She was so in her newspaper that she didn’t notice me come in (9). “7 James is late again! That's of him! I don’t think he's ever been Looking at the way Dave dances, I see what Darwin meant when he said that we were from apes (9). 47 Tam very to you for all your help (8). 72 Section 6: Adjective + preposition | a13, 15, 16 17 SECTION 6 My sister is in French and German and also has a reasonable working knowledge of Spanish and Italian (6). im of eating potatoes every day. Why can’t we have rice for a change? (5) The Galapagos Islands are for their amazing wildlife (6). The man was found of the crime and sentenced to four years’ imprisonment (6). Section 6: Adjective + preposition 73DES eG OM una onus Prepositions in context This section tests: Your knowledge of all the different uses of prepositions: ‘@ movement and rest in space, e.g. into the sea, under the table @ points in and duration of time, e.g. on Friday, for ages @ purpose, e.g. ready for bed @ cause, e.g. suffer from asthma @ emotion, e.g. surprised at someone @ method, e.g. travel by bus All the patterns of prepositional phrases: © adjective + preposition, e.g. jealous of @ verb + preposition, e.g. remind someone of something verb + adverb + preposition, e.g. make up for @ noun + preposition, e.g. thanks to @ preposition + noun, e.g. in theory Examples of compound phrases: @ verb + noun + preposition, e.g. play tricks on verb + preposition + noun, e.g. go into business © preposition + noun + preposition, e.g. for the sake of Prepositional phrases used in idiomatic phrases, e.g. once in a blue moon She's very busy at the moment; she’s up to her eyeballs in work. 74 Section 7: Prepositions in contextHoliday disaster Read through the following and fill in the numbered blanks with one suitable preposition. (1) a camping holiday (2) Spain, our pet dog Betsy, who had been brought along (3) the sake of the children, died suddenly (4) the night. ‘The children said that we simply couldn’t bury the poor animal (8). a foreign country, where we might never be able to visit her grave again, so we decided to head (6) home and attempt to smuggle her (7) Spain and France and so back (8) England. With this (9) mind, we rolled Betsy’s body (10) a carpet, tied it on to the roof rack (11) the car along (12) the camping equipment and started off (13) our journey. We drove (14) the night without stopping and heaved a sigh of relief as we crossed the border out of Spain and (15) France. (16) this time all the family were very tired and hungry, so we decided to stop (17) breakfast. We parked the car (18) a side street (19) to a suitable café. Not wanting to leave poor Betsy (20) too long, we ate a quick breakfast and returned (21) the car. However, (22) our horror, all our possessions had been stolen (23) the roof of the car, including the carpet containing our pet’s body! Section 7: Prepositions in context 75Old friends ‘A’ Paul has written to an old friend, Bob. Here is his letter, but the pieces are mixed up. Try to put them in order. Label the pieces 1-9. Fh | in te sumer Give my regards to your parents and write soon. Lots of love Paul _ ae Hastings. They thought you might like to join us for two weeks ~ from 2-15 August. It sleeps four, so there’s plenty of room. And it’s only five minutes ... c co out if your parents received the holiday brochures he sent, as he hasn't heard . c a in the summer, Mum and Dad have rented a caravan in Fairlight ~ a little village Dear Bob, Sorry I've taken such a long time in answering your letter. The truth is that I’ve been really busy these past few weeks Li] r «from the sea, so we could go swimming every day. It should be great fun, but it would be even better if you could be there too. So what do you say? Apart .. r | from them yet. Well, Bob, that’s all for now. I hope you're keeping well and that you'll be able to join us i i ..- from this, there's not much to say really. Dad's got a new car ~ a Volvo — and Mum's just started back to work again. By the way, Dad asked me to find ... . I hope you understand. with exams and everythi My main reason for writing is to ask if you'd like to spend a couple of weeks with 1: jon 7: Prepositions in context'B) Here is Bob's reply. Again, put the pieces in the correct order. Label them 1-10. +. fo your Mum and Dad. Lots of love Bob .. of things to do — especially in the summer. So thank your parents for me and tell them I'm really looking forward to it. Lasked Mum and Dad really fun. | visited Hastings once and it was a really nice place - lots .. eo) course I'd love to join you and your parents in Fairlight. It sounds t for almost three months (not bad for me!). What about you? Are you still going out with Pauline or have you got someone new now? Anyway, do write some time and remember to give my love ... WBN [of the new Votvo. He's always liked foreign cars — especially Volvos ~ and keeps hinting... of _ with Sally. You remember Sally, don’t you? She was the girl I met at Jenny’s birthday party, We've been together now .. 1 [Dear Paul Many thanks for your letter. It was good to hear from you at last (Iwas beginning to think you had emigrated or something!).. About the summer, yes, of --- We [far at the troubie he's gone to. By the way, Paul, Dad's very jealous fa tr .. to Mum about getting a new car. But she's not interested really, so I don't think he'll perstuade her. Well, Paul, 1’ stop now because I’m off to a disco .. about the holiday brochures. They haven't received them yet (you know what the post is like!). But they'll write as soon as they get them, and they asked me to tell you to thank your Dad .. Section 7: Prepositions in context 77Jumbled sentences 2 In the following sentences, the prepositional phrases are all in the wrong place. Put each one into the correct sentence. I don’t mind a bit of fun, but putting salt in Gran’s coffee is (a) OUT OF DATE. How long can you stay (b) IN BLOSSOM before you have to come up for air? John is in Saudi Arabia (c) WITH CARE, but he should be home next week. Before we were married, you said that you would love me (d) ON MY KNEES. ‘The idea looks good (e) IN GEAR, but will it really work? The parcel which the postman threw on to my desk has ‘Fragile, handle (f) FOR EVER’ written on it. The orchard is beautiful in spring, when all the fruit trees are (g) OUT OF THE QUESTION. I can see from your tie that you had a boiled egg (h) AT PRESENT. When I went down (i) AFTER DARK and asked her to marry me, she said I was not tall enough. I didn’t get a pay rise: the boss said that it was (j) ON PAPER this year. Practical training is often known as (k) BEYOND A JOKE training. This encyclopedia is (1) UNDER ARREST: it says that the present tuler of France is Napoleon Bonaparte. When the police told him he was (m) ON THE JOB for speeding, my grandfather was amazed, as he was on his bicycle at the time. ‘The park is safe during the day, but you should not go there alone (n) FOR BREAKFAST. When you park, don’t just put on the handbrake. Leave the car (0) UNDER WATER as well. Write your answers here: 2/3) 4/)]5)] 6) 7) 8| 9} 10) 11/12/13] 14/15 78 Section 7: Prepositions in contextAudrey Hepburn Read through the following and fill in the numbered blanks with a suitable preposition. Audrey Hepburn was born in 1930 (1)__in Belgium. (2) the age of seventeen, she won a scholarship to study ballet in London. Not very long (3) that, she found herself playing small parts (4) English screen comedies. Her performance in a movie called Monte Carlo Baby brought her (5) the attention of director William Wyler, who had no doubt (6) her talent. Thanks (7) him, she was an instant success: when she was only twenty-four, she won an Oscar (8) her first starring role. For the next fifteen years, she worked (9) Hollywood's most famous directors such as William Wyler and Billy Wilder. She played (10) giants of the screen like Humphrey Bogart, Henry Fonda and Fred Astaire in many movies, (11) which My Fair Lady and Breakfast at Tiffany's are perhaps the best known. She stayed away (12) the cameras for nine years (13) order to raise her two sons. In 1976, she returned (14) the silver screen and worked in two films before making her final appearance as an angel in Steven Spielberg's Always. (15) addition (16) her success on screen, she tirelessly devoted herself (17) her work as an ambassador for UNICEF. Her trip (18) Somalia helped focus the world’s attention (19) that tragic land. Her dedication (20) the cause of suffering children came (21) personal experience: during the Second World War, as a young teenager in the Nazi-occupied Netherlands, Hepburn and her mother had survived (22) eating tulip bulbs. In January 1993, she died (23) cancer (24) her home (25) Switzerland. Section 7: Prepositions in context 79How was your holiday? ‘A’ Pauline Wood has just returned from a holiday in Spain. She has written to her travel agent, Sunthorn Holidays, about the holiday. Put the letter in the correct order. Label the pieces 1-13. How was her holiday? Why? TDF bora seat next tothe window. This is the worst holiday I have ever had in my life, and I demand n money back. If not, | shall put the matter in the hands of my solicitor. Took forward . an aisle seat des co on the first plane so t! i there further Thave just returned from a holiday in Spain and all I can say is that it was a nightmare from || our departure. To begin with, the plane was overbooked. This meant that myself and ten other passengers were forced to go on another plane ~ one hour later! Unfortunately, our luggage was still. to hearing from you soon. Yours faithfully Pauline Wood construction, which meant that there was the constant sound of cement crs ~ hardly the peaceful and relaxing holiday I had been looking forward to, m My room was much smaller than I had expected and throughout the sea. Twenty-five to be exact! And what a beach! It was so polluted that it was positively dangerous ... 80 Section 7: Prepositions in contextwith a company I could rely on. How wrong could I have been? ‘The trouble started even before sorting out the mes The “luxury” hotel we finally ar advertised in your hol ced at the airport in Spain, yy brochure was still unde . to one’s health. Finally, on the return journey, I was made to sit start to finish! When I chose Sunthorn Holidays, I was under the impression that I was dealing my stay, I never once managed to get the shower to work properly — the water was either too hot or too cold. Another thing: in your brochure you state that the hotel is only a few minutes from "B_ Here's a letter from another client of Sunthorn Holidays. Again, put the pieces in the correct order. Label them 1-11. What did Bernard Wilson think of his holiday? future that all ‘extra’ costs are clearly shown in your brochure, Apart ... for separately! Unfortunately, our travel representative forgot to mention this fact until we were well at sea! By .. from the above, the rest of our holiday in Copenhagen was wonderful, and both my wife and I fell in love TEAS | ortho city Whatever happens, we shal certainly return to Copenhagen at } ©@) [trom Sunthorn Holidays, the holiday was to include a two-day boat trip to Oslo ii Section 7: Prepositions in context 81aT some fiture date, although I can’t say the same about Oslo! Yours faithfully Bernard Wilson Dear Sir, 1 I wish to make a complaint about a recent holiday to Copenhagen. According to the brochure I received ... bh of the trip being seasick! I would be grateful if you could make sure in... wa with the Tivoli Gardens. What an experience! What an atmosphere! And to think that it’s in the centre ... Norway. However, what your brochure failed to mention was the fact that the excursion was to be paid @ that time it was too late to go back! If | had realized how much it was ly since the going to cost, | would certainly not have gone on it ~ espe sea was so choppy that my wife and I spent most .. 82 Section 7: Prepositions in contextThe perfect woman This is a short story where all the lines are mixed up. We have given you the first line and the last line. Put the rest in the correct order. My aunt Camilla died and left everything to ... 1) _.... once that she was the woman for him. He asked her for his perfect woman there either. Finally, Joe found himself back in his own country. Amazingly, within a few days of his return, he bumped .... .... into a lot of money too, and I have decided to go in search of the perfect man. I hope I find him.’ .... her favourite nephew, Joe. Joe was unmarried, so he decided to use the money to go in search of .... on his cooking and the conversation flowed easily. Finally, as they sat drinking coffee, Joe told her all .... .. into a woman who was exactly what he was looking .... va. about Aunt Camilla’s will and about his search for the perfect woman. ‘That is amazing!” she exclaimed. ‘I’ve just come .... .... for! Funnily enough, she lived near him, though he had never noticed her before. They met in the local supermarket. She dropped her purse. He picked it up and gave it to .... ... a date, and she accepted. After a few meetings, he finally invited her to have dinner with him. Everything .... i (7) _.... the perfect woman. He went to America, but the women he met were just too loud or too quiet for .... 1R)_ .... went well during dinner. She complimented him .... W) _.... ner. She smiled and said thank you, and he knew at .... Joe tried to smile, but it wasn’t easy. his taste. So he then went to Australia, but he couldn’t find [egies] (Adapted from ‘The Perfect Woman’ in Happy Days and Other Very Short Stories by Jake Allsop, Penguin Books, 1998) Section 7: Prepositions in context 83Idioms Each sentence contains an idiom which uses a prepositional phrase. Complete the sentences below with one of the following prepositions — you will need to use some more than once. She's very busy at the moment; she’s_up to her eyeballs in work. The police arrived just in time; they came the eleventh hour. He'll never pass the exam ~ not @ month of Sundays. The goods were not sold openly but were available the counter. She never once needed to consult the instructions, she had all the information her fingertips. Since he has won Wimbledon, everyone wants to interview him. He's great demand. The boss didn’t tell Kevin off for coming late. He must be her good books. He's almost dying; I’m afraid he’s his last legs. There's nothing else she can do now ~ the matter is completely her hands. I know everything there is to know about Roman Britain. I know the subject AtoZ. She rarely goes to the cinema - just once a blue moon. ‘They had very little money but they survived. They lived a shoestring. He hasn't won yet - not a long shot. People arrived slowly, two or three at a time. They arrived dribs and drabs, Stop wasting time! Get to my office the double | I hate spiders. I break a cold sweat just thinking about them. 84 Section 7: Prepositions in contextCartoon time 2 Match the captions to the cartoons, adding the missing prepositions. ‘Rubbish! There isn’t a ship anywhere sight!” ‘Did you make that all your own?’ ‘OK, so I’m hopeless reading architects’ drawings!’ ‘Actually, this is number 13. Number 14 is just the corner.’ ‘Sorry, we don’t start serving lunch 12.30.’ ‘It’s the only way I can stop the children getting trouble.’ Section 7: Prepositions in context 85Just for fun! This section contains some fun tests to help you revise prepositions in general. Enjoy! Girl: My cousin’s very good at bird impressions. Boy: Really? Girl: Yes. He eats worms! 86 Section 8: Just for fun!5 Confused consonants Find the wrong letter in each of these newspaper headlines. What letter is needed so that the headline makes sense? HOME SECRETARY 7O BOOK INTO PRISON CONDITIONS FIREMEN WARNED: ‘DON’T PUMP TO CONCLUSIONS’ MYSTERY EXPLOSION IN HOTEL: POLICE ARE BOOKING INTO IT CHICKEN BREEDER ON FRAUD CHARGE TOLD BY JUDGE: YOU WILL HAVE TO LAY FOR YOUR CRIMES HIGH-SPENDING LOCAL AUTHORITIES TOLD: ‘MONEY DOESN'T GLOW ON TREES’ Section 8: Just for fun! 87VETERINARY SURGEON ACCUSED OF CRUELTY TO CATS PROTESTS: ‘PEOPLE LIKE TO PUSS OVER NOTHING’ GAMBLER CONVICTED OF MURDERING BOOKMAKER BETS FOR MERCY FINANCIAL CRISIS IN SOCIAL DEMOCRAT PARTY: LEADER FALLS ON PARTY FAITHFUL TO COME TO. THE RESCUE, WELFARE OFFICIALS ACCUSED OF CRYING INTO COUPLES’ PRIVATE LIVES WE CREAM ABOUT THE GOOD OLD DAYS, SAY PENSIONERS 88 Section 8: Just for fun!What are they saying? 1 Supply the missing preposition(s) in each caption and then match it to the appropriate cartoon. ‘What do you mean it's not that bad? I’m standing my husband's shoulders!” “What a pity you haven’t brought your little dog were so looking forward seeing him again.’ you. We ‘Arthur's always been very sensitive his bald spot.’ hands too often.’ @ I “4 ‘I've decided becoming a doctor - you have to wash your (5 ‘Is the banging the wall keeping you awake, darling?’ 6 ‘I'm tired being Mr Nice Guy! I’m going to be much tougher now on!’ Section 8: Just for fun! 89Joke time 2 Complete the following jokes by filing in the missing prepositions. Girl: My cousin's very good _at_ bird impressions. Boy: Really? Girl: Yes. He eats worms! Walker: Tell me, will this path take me the main road? Local: No, Sir, you'll have to go yourself. Girl: You remind me the sea. Boy: Because I'm so wild and romantic? Girl: No, because you make me sick! Father: Johnny, I’ve had a letter your headmaster. It seems you're very careless about your appearance. Johnny: Am I, Dad? Father: Yes, you haven’t appeared school at all this term. BULLDOG SALE: Will eat anything. Very fond children. Woman 1: My husband's career is Tuins. Woman 2: Oh, | am sorry to hear that. Woman, ‘There's nothing wrong that, He’s an archaeologist. Piano tuner: I've come here to tune your piano. Man: But we didn’t send you. Piano tuner: No, but your neighbours did. Mark: I understand that the sports and social club is looking a treasurer. Geoffrey: That's right. Mark: But I thought the sports and social club only hired a treasurer a few months ago. Geoffrey: They did. That's the treasurer they’re looking ! I've always believed love first sight — ever since I looked a mirror. Teacher: What's the definition ‘minimum’? Student: A very small mother. 90 Section 8: Just for fun!What are they saying? 2 Supply the missing preposition(s) in each caption and then match it to the appropriate cartoon. ‘| think we'd better apologize them waking them up.’ ‘It’s amazing alphabetical order.’ me how people always seem to get married names them all.’ ‘Do I take it you object my smoking a pipe?’ ‘Sorry - we don’t have a menu. Just point my apron.’ something | @ 13) ‘This is the part I don’t like - having to think different | 5 e . luck, we should be London nightfall.’ Section 8: Just for fun!Answers Section 1: Prepositions of time and place Test 1 ‘opposite on under above to the left of / next to next to / to the left of in between behind 10 to the right of 11 below 12 in front of Test 2 1 off 2 along/down/up 3. towards 4 On 5 after 6 7 8 9 wWAUARwWRE on across/through along/up/down through 10 at 11 along 12 to 13. over/across 14 In front of 15 to 16 At 17 in 18 in front of 19 round/around 20 to 21 of 22 under Test 3 1 during 7 in 2 in 8 On 3 on 9 on 4 for 10 by 5 after 11. behind 6 in 12 on 92 Answers 13 within 20 14 after 15 at 16 from 17 to 18. past 19 by Test 4 in future out of date at times at the moment From time to time not for long in the end without delay in progress 10 In the meantime 11 in season 12 inno time 13 to this day 14 for the time being 15. before long Test 5 1 over, above 2 in, at 3 on, on to 4 below, under 5 into, in 6 - 8 9 BRS CORVAnewNe to, at before, in front of on, in in, at 10 At, In 11 since, for 12 between, among 13. out of, outside 14 over, above 15. until, by 16 within, by 17 through, during 18 next to, near 19 by, on 20 under, below until since for onTest 6 1 from 7 to, into/through 8 After into from, on 2 3. in/for 9 4 in 10 on, at, for 5 in/during, at 11 into 6 on Section 2: Verb + preposition Test 7 ie cae 7 8 9 10 11 12 AnRwD rato a a @ hear about arrived at belongs to apologize for fill in vote against distinguish between complained to corresponds to 10 knocking at 11 rhymes with 12. experiment on 13. pray for/with 14 suffered from losing at 16 died from Test 9 AT: glance, hint, marvel, point, wink FOR: apply, cater, compensate, long, vote FROM: abstain, benefit, depart, expel, flee IN: believe, decrease, delight, indulge, ‘invest OF: approve, consist, dispose, dream, take advantage ON: concentrate, depend, enrol, rely, tread TO: appeal, dedicate, object, respond, subscribe WITH: coincide, collaborate, cope, quarrel, sympathize WAU AHRENE Test 10 COVAHneune 10 11 12 translated into book into tastes of accused of deal with grumble about surrounded by insists/insisted on. specializes in count on account for refrain from Test 11 CANA RwWRE 10 raving about looking after agree with taken to elaborate on jumped at count against get round eaten into plough through 11 stumbled across | 12 put towards 13. stick by 14. indulge in 15. gloss over 16 vouch for Test 12 1 over 8 at 2 in 9 against 3. against 10 over/through 4 in 11 against 5 for 12 at 6 at 13 for 7 by 14 by Test 13 1 about 8 on 2 on 9 from 3 into 10 on 4 from 11 into 5 about 12 about 6 to 13 to 7 on Answers 93Test 14 roared with care for stand for sheltered from borrowed ... from called for collided with come into named after (British English)/ named for (American English) 10 go after/go for 11 appeals to 12 fell for 13. prevent ... (from) 14 driving at WaNAuRYNHE Test 15 out for 9 up with 2 over to 10 upon 3 behind with 11 in with 4 around for 12. down to 5 6 7 in for 13 upto down with 14 onat away with 15. back on 8 around to 16 away for Test 16 Across Down 2 prefers 1 shelter 5 hide 3 for 7 travelled 4 exchange 10 shouting 6 down 11 among 8 about 13 near 9 escape 15 into 12 go 17 join 14 longs 18 between 15 invited 20 against 16 of 21 from 19 worry 24 multiply 22 blame 26 from 23. mixing 27 note 25 left 28 with 26 flow 29 to Section 3: Noun + preposition Test 17 1g Sj 9a 2e 6i 10 1 7h ld Cc 8b 12 £ z 4 94 Answers Test 18 opposite of problem with choice between excuse for knowledge of objection to fall in freedom from genius at 10 basis for 11 control over 12 Cruelty to 13 strain on 14 campaign against 15. anger against Test 19 at a cost of at peace with by means of for the benefit of in agreement with in answer to on behalf of on good terms with out of pity for 10 under the influence of 11 with reference to 12. with the compliments of Test 20 on 9 for to 10 into, into with 11 from in 12 of 13 to in 14 into in 15. to/against for COUAHRwWHe wOOmNankwne eNAnRwNe 2 3 a st 21 a relative of notice of reduction in pleasure in impression with/impression on confidence in talent for impact on exceptions to demand for connection between expert in/on COUKH EWE BisTest 22 1 for 9 about 2 in 10 in 3 at 11 by 4 for 12. over 5 of 13. in 6 on/about 14 for 7 with 15 to 8 of Test 23 1 in exchange for 2 in common with 3 in addition to 4 in favour of 5 at odds with 6 at the expense of 7 with respect to 8 with the exception of 9 for the sake of 10 out of regard for 11 on account of 12 by virtue of Test 24 ‘Across Down 4 increase 1 Cruelty 6 of 2 between 8 reputation 3. towards 11 leave 5 cheque 13. difficulty 7 in 14 over 9 off 16 with 10 solution 18 Hold 12. from 20 against 15 engagement 21 recipe 17 advice 24 Tell 19 over 25 quotation 22 for 23 ran 24 to Section 4: Preposition + noun (1) Test 25 AT: first, dawn, least, lunch BY: accident, heart, name, Salvador Dali IN: a moment, fact, future, private ON: holiday, sale, schedule, strike Test 26 sight account time market hold order journey diet st 27 (d) hospital ( pain (@ detail (g) public (0) love (©) existence (k) difficulty (n) future eVanRenn ke euAankune® z a 8 in in by out of on at by a NouaeNe eruaneuenag 8 at on at against on against off under z a 8 NoauRwrne poe ows 10 11 12 13 14 15 © 10 W 12 13 14 iG 10 11 12 13 14 10 on 12 13 14 1S 10 u 12 13 14 own behaviour approval impulse credit business holiday (b) luxury (m) disguise (e) focus (j) doubt (a) fashion (8 general (hy fact ap aoe Answers 951 b) 10 a) 2qQ 11 b) 3 a) 12 a) 4o 13 b) 5 b) 14 o) 6 b) 1S b) 7 a) 16 a) 80) 17 b) Test 32 A 1 in, in 2 against 3 Between 4 up Sin 6 in 7 over 8 from 9 with 10 out of 11 Out of, out of 12 Out of, into 13. before 14 on 15. without Bag i 8 b3 7 2 c 15 k 12, d6 114 el ml f 10 ns g 13 o7 h4 Section 5: Preposition + noun (2) Test 33 1 (0) full speed 9 (e) least. 2M aguess 10 (g) night 3 (h) adistance 11 (f) war 4 (n) dawn 12. () short notice 5 (m) first 13) the moment 6 (k) home 14. (b) your own 7 (©) adisadvantage risk 8 (a) adiscount 15. (d) first hand 96 Answers Test 34 1 boat way air 10 cheque u law 12 ear 13. appointment 14 means profession nature surprise marriage force accident Nauawn © 0 ze & ge & in favour of at the end by name in front of In view of by sight in time In case of at heart 10 in time of 11 divide it among 12 in principle 13. for fear of 14 in the possession of Test 36 CoNanRwHe 10 11 12 13 14 15 eNAnkENE Boaypeoag aad tk 3 st 37 garden bed hurry debt condition advance case danger mood emergency taste code confidence conclusion moderation CONAnRwWHe ARBRESTest 38 1 from memory 2. on good terms 3 in secret 4 age of 5 outskirts of 6 mood for 7 by herself 8 habit of 9 out of stock 10 under pressure 11 in self-defence 12. with any luck 13. for good 14 by mistake Test 39 1 in 8 in for 9 at After 10 after for 11 for to 12 for at 13 After after/at 14 at on, in (picture a) at (picture f) in (picture e) On (picture b) at (picture c) on (picture d) ot aueuneg sauewn & Section 6: Adjective + preposition Test 41 AT: hopeless, quick, surprised, valued OF: aware, jealous, regardless, short FOR: famous, handy, late, ready TO: according, accustomed, opposed, similar WITH: annoyed, friendly, pleased, popular Test 42 interested in famous for doubtful about valued at valid for handy for similar to NanRwrne 8 incapable of 9 crazy about 10 grateful to 11 popular with 12. characteristic of 13 typical of 14 new to Test 43 1 sympathetic to 2. quick with/quick at 3. envious of 4 unaware of 5. sensitive to 6 deep in 7 suited to 8 exempt from 9 fortunate in 10 distracted by 11 allergic to Test 44 1 at 7 with/at 2 at/by 8 in about/by 9 of in 10 for with 11 on on 12 of Test 45 contrary to missing from disgusted at/by familiar with short of different from/to identical to peculiar to subject to 10 well known for 11 mad about/on 12 According to 13 due to 14 delighted by/with COVA HRWNHB aUuww Answers 97Test 46 1 bad at 2 jealous of 3 addicted to 4 surprised at 5 famous for 6 based on 7 followed by 8 angry with/at 9 involved in 10 full of 11 expert at 12. disqualified from 13. capable of Test 47 ¢ (accustomed) j (ate) m (due) e (pleased) i (keen) g (nervous) n (hopeless) 1 (opposed) d (regardless) 10 a (convenient) 11 (suspicious) 12h (accompanied) WOU AGRWHH 13. k (rich) 14 -£ (blind) Test 48 Across Down 2 about 1 absent 3 married 5 covered 4 accustomed 6 engrossed 8 sorry 7 typical 9 afraid 10 descended 11 good 11. grateful 12. successful 13 fluent 14 satisfied 15 tired 18 suitable 16 famous 19 with 17: guilty 98 Answers Section 7: Prepositions in context Test 49 1 On/During 13 on 2 in/to 14 through 3 for 15. into 4 in/during 16 By 5 in 17 for 6 for 18 in 7 through 19 next 8 to 20 for 9 in 21 to 10 into 22 to 11 of 23. from/off 12 with Test 50 Aag a3 g 8 b4 el h6 c7 £5 i 2 Dear Bob, Sorry I've taken such a Jong time in answering your letter. The truth is that I've been really busy these past few weeks .». with exams and everything. I hope you understand. My main reason for writing is to ask if you'd like to spend a couple of weeks with us ... in the summer. Mum and Dad have rented a caravan in Fairlight ~ a little village ... near Hastings. They thought you might like to join us for two weeks ~ from 2-15 August. It sleeps four, so there's plenty of room. And it’s only five minutes .. from the sea, so we could go swimming every day. It should be great fun, but it would be even better if you could be there too. So what do you say? Apart ... from this, there’s not much to say really. Dad's got a new cara Volvo ~ and Mum's just started back to work again. By the way, Dad asked me to find out if your parents received the holiday brochures he sent, as he hasn't heard ... from them yet. Well, Bob, that’s all for now. I hope you're keeping well and that you'll be able to join us ... in the summer. Give my regards to your parents and write soon, Lots of love PaulBa 10 e b3 f c2 g a9 h Dear Paul Many thanks for your letter. It was good to hear from you at last (I was beginning to think you had emigrated or something!).. About the summer, yes, of ... course I'd love to join you and your parents in Fairlight. It sounds really fun. I visited Hastings once and it was a really nice place = lots ... of things to do ~ especially in the summer. So thank your parents for me and tell them I’m really looking forward to it. I asked Mum and Dad ... about the holiday brochures. They haven't received them yet (you know what the post is like!). But they'll write as soon as they get them, and they asked me to tell you to thank your Dad ... for all the trouble he’s gone to. By the way, Paul, Dad’s very jealous ... of the new Volvo. He’s always liked foreign. cars - especially Volvos - and keeps hinting +. to Mum about getting a new car. But she’s not interested really, so I don’t think he'll persuade her. Well, Paul, I'll stop now because I'm off to a disco ... with Sally. You remember Sally, don't you? She was the girl I met at Jenny's birthday party. We've been together now ... for almost three months (not bad for me!). What about you? Are you still going out with Pauline or have you got someone new now? Anyway, do write some time and remember to give my love ... to your Mum 7 4 and Dad. Lots of love Bob Test 51 1 (k) beyond 9 (d) on my knees a joke 10 (g) out of the 2 (0) under water 3 (h) at present 4 for ever 5 (j) on paper 6 (c) with care 7 (b) in blossom 8 (n) for breakfast question 11 (m) on the job 12 (a) out of date 13 (1) under arrest 14 (i) after dark 15 (@) in gear Test 52 1 in 14 to 2 At 15 In 3 after 16 to 4 in 17 to 5 to 18 to 6 about 19 on 7 to 20 to 8 for 21 from 9 with 22 by 10 with 23 of 11 of 24 at 12 from 25 in 13 in Test 53 Aa 12 f 13 10 bil g7 12 c5 ho m8 di i 3 e4 j 6 Dear Sir, have just returned from a holiday in Spain and. all I can say is that it was a nightmare from ... start to finish! When I chose Sunthorn Holidays, 1 was under the impression that I was dealing .. with a company I could rely on. How wrong could I have been? ‘The trouble started even before ... our departure, To begin with, the plane was ‘overbooked, This meant that myself and ten other passengers were forced to go on another plane ~ ‘one hour later! Unfortunately, our luggage was still .. on the first plane so that there was a further delay in ... sorting out the mess when we finally arrived at the airport in Spain. ‘The ‘luxury’ hotel as advertised in your holiday brochure was still under ... construction, which meant that there was the constant sound ‘of cement mixers ~ hardly the peaceful and relaxing holiday I had been looking forward to. My room was much smaller than I had expected and throughout ... my stay, I never once ‘managed to get the shower to work properly - the water was either too hot or too cold. Another thing: in your brochure you state that the hotel is only a few minutes from ... the sea. ‘Twenty-five to be exact! And what a beach! It was so polluted that it was positively dangerous ... to ‘one’s health. Finally, on the return journey, I was made to sit... in an alsle seat despite the fact that I had specifically asked ... for a seat next to the window. This is the worst holiday I have ever had in ‘my life, and I demand my money back. If not, I shall put the matter in the hands of my solicitor. look forward ... to hearing from you soon. Yours faithfully Pauline Wood Answers 99Ba? e2 i9 b4 fe a 1 3 c8 gl kS d 10 h6 Dear Sir, I wish to make a complaint about a recent holiday to Copenhagen. According to the brochure I received ... from Sunthorn Holidays, the holiday was to include a two-day boat trip to Olso in ... Norway. However, what your brochure failed to mention was the fact that the excursion was to be paid ... for separately! Unfortunately, our travel representative forgot to mention this fact until we were well at sea! By ... that time it was too late to go back! If I had realized how much it was going to cost, I would certainly not have gone on it - especially since the sea was so choppy that my wife and I spent most ... of the trip being seasick! I would be grateful if you could make sure in ... future that all ‘extra’ costs are clearly shown in your brochure. Apart ... from the above, the rest of our holiday in Copenhagen was wonderful, and both my wife and | fell in love ... with the Tivoli Gardens. What an experience! What an atmosphere! And to think that it’s in the centre ... of the city. Whatever happens, we shall certainly return to Copenhagen at ... some future date, although I can’t say the same about Oslo! Yours faithfully Bernard Wilson Test 54 7 3 12 1 10 4 My aunt Camilla died and left everything to ... her favourite nephew, Joe. Joe was unmarried, so he decided to use the money to go in search of ... the perfect woman. He went to America, but the women he met were just too loud or too quiet for ... his taste. So he then went to Australia, but he couldn't find his perfect woman there either. Finally, Joe found ... os rye ta 1 5 8 2 3 6 moance 100 Answers himself back in his own country. Amazingly, within a few days of his return, he bumped ... into a woman who was exactly what he was looking ... for! Funnily enough, she lived near him, though he had never noticed her before. They met in the local supermarket. She dropped her purse. He picked it up and gave it to ... her. She smiled and said thank you, and he knew at ... once that she was the woman for him. He asked her for ... a date, and she accepted. After a few meetings, he finally invited her to have dinner with him. Everything ... went well during dinner, She complimented him ... on his cooking and the conversation flowed easily. Finally, as they sat drinking coffee, Joe told her all .«. about Aunt Camilla’s will and about his search for the perfect woman. ‘That is amazing!’ she exclaimed. ‘I've just come ... into a lot of money too, and I have decided to go in search of the perfect man. I hope I find him.’ ... Joe tried to smile, but it wasn’t easy. Test 55 1 upto 9 out of 2 at 10 from 3 in 11 in 4 under 12 on 5 at 13 by 6 in 14 in 7 in 15 at 8 on 16 into Test 56 1 in (picture a) 2 on (picture e) 3. at (picture d) 4 round (picture c) 5 until (picture b) 6 into (picture f) Section 8: Just for fun! Test 57 1 HOME SECRETARY TO LOOK INTO PRISON CONDITIONS 2 FIREMEN WARNED: ‘DON’T JUMP TO CONCLUSIONS’ 3. MYSTERY EXPLOSION IN HOTEL: POLICE ARE LOOKING INTO ITea ee * wa a x oo ° 10 CHICKEN BREEDER ON FRAUD CHARGE TOLD BY JUDGE: YOU. WILL HAVE TO PAY FOR YOUR CRIMES HIGH-SPENDING LOCAL AUTHORITIES TOLD: ‘MONEY DOESN'T GROW ON TREES’ VETERINARY SURGEON ACCUSED OF CRUELTY TO CATS. PROTESTS: ‘PEOPLE LIKE TO FUSS OVER NOTHING’ GAMBLER CONVICTED OF MURDERING BOOKMAKER BEGS FOR MERCY FINANCIAL CRISIS IN SOCIAL DEMOCRAT PARTY: LEADER CALLS ON PARTY FAITHFUL TO COME TO THE RESCUE WELFARE OFFICIALS ACCUSED OF PRYING INTO COUPLES’ PRIVATE LIVES WE DREAM ABOUT THE GOOD OLD DAYS, SAY PENSIONERS Test 58 1 on (picture d) 2 with, to (picture c) 3 about (picture f) 4 against (picture b) 5 on (picture a) 6 of, from (picture e) Test 59 1 at 6 in, with 2 to, by 7 for 3 of 8 for, for 4 from, at/in 9 in, at, in 5 for, of 10 of Test 60 1 to, for (picture b) 2 to, in (picture d) 3 offup, for (picture f) 4 to (picture e) 5 to, on (picture a) 6 With, in, by (picture c) Answers 101Test Your way to success in English Test Your Vocabulary 0582 45169 8 0582 45170 1 www.penguinenglish.com @)Test Your way to success in English Test Your Professional English 0582 45163 9 0582 45148 5 0582 45149 3 0582 45161 2 0582 46898 1 0582 45150 7 0582 45147 7 0582 45162 0 www.penguinenglish.com (3)Test Your way to success in English Test Your Grammar and Skills (Test Your!) 0 (Test Your!) (Test Your) 9 Verbs Phrasal Verbs Prepositions 0582 45171 X 0582 45173 6 (Test Your) 0582 46902 3 0582 46908 2 0582 46905 8 www.penguinenglish.comTest Your|¥ Prepositions Test Your Prepositions is part of the popular Test Your series devised by Peter Watcyn-Jones. It features 60 tests providing motivating practice in how to use prepositions in English. This fully revised and updated edition is more user-friendly than ever with new tips and information boxes, clear explanations and full answer keys 60 tests for practising using prepositions in English Wide variety of tests, including gap-fills, multiple choice, matching exercises, cartoons and much more NEW -Tips to guide you on which preposition to use Full answer key Ideal for self-study and classroom use Advanced [| Adults Upper Intermediate 164 || intermediate 12-15 Pre-intermediate Primary Elementary Beginner Published and distributed by Pearson Education Limited Gover photograph supplied by Photodisc Also look out for: a Cover designed by Ten Toes Design | ] ISBN 0-582~45172-8 9 2 780582"4517, www.penguinenglish.com