Albert Speer Oral History Summary
Albert Speer Oral History Summary
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Albert Speer Oral History Summary
Albert Speer states that he was fascinated by Hitler and believed he was capable to engulf an
entire nation by means of mass communication. Speer first met Hitler in 1931 when Hitler was meeting
with admiring students. Speer felt that Hitler would be the person to help Germany recover from the
difficult times. A large portion of the population was unemployed and Speer was given opportunities
through Hitler that would have been otherwise impossible. Speer was the Third Reich’s architect and
was later chosen by Hitler himself to become the Minister of Armament. The opportunities Hitler
presented to Speer strengthened Speer’s fascination with him.
Speer provides a more personal view of Hitler and believes that Hitler was not able to have any
friends. Speer was close with him due to their common interest in architecture and saw himself as a
colleague. However, Speer was never able to become very close with Hitler. At a point Hitler would
recoil and he would once again become a stranger to Speer. Speer states that this was probably a sign of
one of the fundamental aspects of his character that he could not have any close contact with another
human being.
Speer says that Hitler had always hated the Jews; however until 1939 immigration was possible
for the Jewish population. When the war began, Hitler decided that the Jewish people would be the
hostages of the war. Speer was warned by a friend, Karl Hanke, who was the Gauleiter of Lower Silesia
of what was taking place in concentration camps. Hanke told Speer that he would not believe what was
happening in the concentration camps and Hanke would never forget what he had seen. Speer did not
inquire for more information from Hanke nor Hitler. Due to his inaction, Speer felt guilty from that
moment on for the terrible things that had happened during Hitler’s reign. That is why he says he took
responsibility at the Nuremberg trials.
Speer reports that in September 1944, Hitler gave him orders to destroy everything in Germany.
The English and American troops were closing in very fast and it was believed that America was going to
occupy Germany. Speer convinced Hitler that industry should not be destroyed. In the winter of
1944/1945, there were other signs that Hitler believed the German people had no right to survive when
the war was lost. At the Yalta Conference he gave strict orders to make no offers to the German people.
Speer received a letter from Hitler where he stated that if the German people did not survive the war,
there was no use in giving them a chance to survive. He believed that only the weak would survive and
the brave would perish in the war. Speer states that in an act of desperation, he attempted to kill Hitler.
He did this because he wanted to escape his fretful situation.
Speer says he had pity for Hitler, even though he knew he should not. Speer flew into Berlin
when it was completely surrounded by Russian troops in order to say his last good‐byes. Hitler was
extremely icy towards him and was not moved by his attempt to see him for the last time.
Speer believes that a sterile life would have followed in Germany if Hitler had won the war. In
twenty or thirty years, life would have been even more unbearable due to the next generation of
This is a verbatim transcript of spoken word. It is not the primary source, and it has not been checked for spelling or accuracy.
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leaders. The other parts of Europe would have been crippled. Speer continues by saying that Hitler
would have likely taken steps towards the United States.
In September of 1945, Speer and the other twenty leading figures of the Third Reich were
brought to Nuremberg prison. There, they discussed that the responsibility of the regime should be
placed solely upon those who had already died or those who were not present. Speer believed that he
had a moral obligation to acknowledge that some of what happened during Hitler’s time was his
responsibility. Due to this moral obligation, Speer believes that his twenty year sentence in Spandau’s
prison was well deserved.
Speer’s reports that life in Spandau was not horrible and he received plenty of food and was
able to borrow books from the largest library in Berlin. He believes that through philosophical,
psychological, and historical literature he was able to gain a different point of view that he was lacking
before. He says that during his youth, he lacked these subjects and that it may have been this
educational void that made him so fascinated with Hitler. For Speer, the worst aspect of Spandau was
the lack of contact with his family. Visitations were only allowed once a month for a half hour.
Due to the lack of contact with his children, Speer began his memoirs as a way to communicate
with them. He was afraid that his prison sentence would cause his children to join right‐wing parties. His
letters were snuck out of the prison.
Speer believes that by examining some of Hitler’s artistic works, it is possible to gain insight into
his personality. Citing the example of Hitler’s sketches for his house in Salzburg, Speer points out that he
was a strong‐ willed individual, relentlessly sketching until he drew exactly what he wanted. Speer says
Hitler displayed this same relentless energy and resoluteness throughout his life. Speer states that he
was also very inflexible. Once he had his mind set on a certain design it was impossible for him to think
of other variations. Speer states that this steadfast nature could also be seen in Hitler’s military
decisions.
This is a verbatim transcript of spoken word. It is not the primary source, and it has not been checked for spelling or accuracy.