RESULTS

Data collected for Experiment 1:

Table 1: Rotational Speed and Flow Rate for P1

SPEED (RPM) FLOW RATE (%)

2800 68.3

2600 62.5

2400 52.7

2200 47.2

2000 41.7

1800 37.9

1600 31.8

1400 27.5

1200 22.5

1000 18.2

800 13.8

600 9.0
Volume of Q was calculated by using the formula

𝑞 113.56 × 60 𝑞 113.56 × 60
a) Q = 100 × b) Q = 100 ×
1000 1000

q = flow rate (%) q = flow rate (%)

when q = 68.3 when q = 62.5

68.3 113.56 × 60 62.5 113.56 × 60
Q= × Q= ×
100 1000 100 1000

Q = 4. 65 m3/hr Q = 4.25 m3/hr

𝑞 113.56 × 60 𝑞 113.56 × 60
c) Q = 100 × d) Q = 100 ×
1000 1000

q = flow rate (%) q = flow rate (%)

when q = 52.7 when q = 47.2

52.7 113.56 × 60 47.2 113.56 × 60
Q= × Q= ×
100 1000 100 1000

Q = 3.60 m3/hr Q = 3.22 m3/hr

𝑞 113.56 × 60 𝑞 113.56 × 60
e) Q = 100 × f) Q = 100 ×
1000 1000

q = flow rate (%) q = flow rate (%)

when q = 41.7 when q = 37.9

41.7 113.56 × 60 37.9 113.56 × 60
Q= × Q= ×
100 1000 100 1000

Q = 2.84 m3/hr Q = 2.58 m3/hr

𝑞 113.56 × 60 𝑞 113.56 × 60
g) Q = 100 × h) Q = 100 ×
1000 1000

q = flow rate (%) q = flow rate (%)

when q = 31.8 when q = 27.5

31.8 113.56 × 60 27.5 113.56 × 60
Q= × Q= ×
100 1000 100 1000

Q = 2.17 m3/hr Q = 1.87 m3/hr

 𝑞 113.56 × 60 𝑞 113.56 × 60
i) Q = 100 × j) Q = 100 ×
1000 1000

q = flow rate (%) q = flow rate (%)

when q = 22.5 when q = 18.2

22.5 113.56 × 60 18.2 113.56 × 60
Q= × Q= ×
100 1000 100 1000

Q = 1.53 Q = 1.24

𝑞 113.56 × 60 𝑞 113.56 × 60
k) Q = 100 × l) Q = 100 ×
1000 1000

q = flow rate (%) q = flow rate (%)

when q = 13.8 when q = 9.0

13.8 113.56 × 60 9.0 113.56 × 60
Q= × Q = 100 ×
100 1000 1000

Q = 0.94 m3/hr Q = 0.61 m3/hr

SPEED (RPM) FLOW RATE VOLUME FLOW, Q
(m3/hr)
2800 68.3 4.65

2600 62.5 4.25

2400 52.7 3.60

2200 47.2 3.22

2000 41.7 2.84

1800 37.9 2.58

1600 31.8 2.17

1400 27.5 1.87

1200 22.5 1.53

1000 18.2 1.24

800 13.8 0.94

600 9.0 0.61

Rotational Speed (N) vs Volume Flow (Q)

3000
Rotational Speed (RPM)

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
Volume Flow (m3/ hr)
Data collected for Experiment 2:

FLOW RATE (%) SPEED DIFF. PRESSURE POWER

50 2805 44.3 0.57

40 2819 50.3 0.55

30 2837 55.2 0.52

20 2856 58.9 0.49

10 2871 61.4 0.45

Volume of Q was calculated by using the formula

𝑞 113.56 × 60 𝑞 113.56 × 60
a) Q = 100 × b) Q = 100 ×
1000 1000

q = flow rate (%) q = flow rate (%)

when q = 50 when q = 40
50 113.56 × 60 40 113.56 × 60
Q = 100 × Q = 100 ×
1000 1000

Q = 3.41 m3/hr Q = 2.73 m3/hr

𝑞 113.56 × 60 𝑞 113.56 × 60
c) Q = 100 × d) Q = 100 ×
1000 1000

q = flow rate (%) q = flow rate (%)

when q = 30 when q = 20
30 113.56 × 60 20 113.56 × 60
Q = 100 × Q = 100 ×
1000 1000

Q = 2.04 m3/hr Q = 1.36 m3/hr

𝑞 113.56 × 60
e) Q = 100 × 1000

q = flow rate (%)

when q = 10
10 113.56 × 60
Q = 100 × 1000

Q = 0.68 m3/hr
PMi is calculated as below:

a) PMi = Power (kW) x 1000 b) PMi = Power (kW) x 1000

when power = 0.57 when power = 0.55

1000𝑊 1000𝑊
PMi = 0.57𝑘𝑊 × PMi = 0.55𝑘𝑊 ×
1𝑘𝑊 1𝑘𝑊

PMi = 570 W PMi = 550 W

c) PMi = Power (kW) x 1000 d) PMi = Power (kW) x 1000

when power = 0.52 when power = 0.49

1000𝑊 1000𝑊
PMi = 0.52𝑘𝑊 × PMi = 0.49𝑘𝑊 ×
1𝑘𝑊 1𝑘𝑊

PMi = 520 W PMi = 490 W

e) PMi = Power (kW) x 1000

when power = 0.45

1000𝑊
PMi = 0.45𝑘𝑊 × 1𝑘𝑊

PMi = 450 W
i. Motor Input Power (PMi) VS Volume Flow Rate (Q)

FLOW RATE (%) Volume Flow Rate, POWER (Kw) Motor Input Power,
Q (m3/hr) PMi (W)

50 3.41 0.57 570

40 2.73 0.55 550

30 2.04 0.52 520

20 1.36 0.49 490

10 0.68 0.45 450

Motor Input Power (PMi) vs Volume Flow Rate (Q)

600
Motor Input Power (W)

500

400

300

200

100

0
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
Volume Flow Rate (m3/ hr)
ii. Pump Total Head (H) VS Volume Flow Rate (Q)

Pump Total Head is calculated by using formula as below:

a) When DP = 44.3
𝑁
44.3 3 𝑏𝑎𝑟 × 10.2 ×104 2 .𝑏𝑎𝑟
H = (0.86m – 0.18m) + x 𝑘𝑔
𝑚
𝑚
100 1000 3 × 9.81 2
𝑚 𝑠

H = 14.50m

b) When DP = 50.3
𝑁
50.3 3 𝑏𝑎𝑟 × 10.2 ×104 2 .𝑏𝑎𝑟
H = (0.86m – 0.18m) + 100
x 𝑘𝑔
𝑚
𝑚
1000 3 × 9.81 2
𝑚 𝑠

H = 16.37m

c) When DP = 55.2
𝑁
55.2 3 𝑏𝑎𝑟 × 10.2 ×104 2 .𝑏𝑎𝑟
H = (0.86m – 0.18m) + x 𝑘𝑔
𝑚
𝑚
100 1000 3 × 9.81 2
𝑚 𝑠

H = 17.90m
 d) When DP = 58.9
𝑁
58.9 3 𝑏𝑎𝑟 × 10.2 ×104 2 .𝑏𝑎𝑟
H = (0.86m – 0.18m) + x 𝑘𝑔
𝑚
𝑚
100 1000 3 × 9.81 2
𝑚 𝑠

H = 19.05m

e) When DP = 61.4
𝑁
61.4 3 𝑏𝑎𝑟 × 10.2 ×104 2 .𝑏𝑎𝑟
H = (0.86m – 0.18m) + x 𝑘𝑔
𝑚
𝑚
100 1000 3 × 9.81 2
𝑚 𝑠

H = 19.83m

VOLUME FLOW ZC2 – ZC1 (m) DIFF PRESSURE, PUMP TOTAL

RATE, Q (m3/hr) D (%) HEAD, H (m)

3.41 0.68 44.3 14.50

2.73 0.68 50.3 16.37

2.04 0.68 55.2 17.90

1.36 0.68 58.9 19.05

0.68 0.68 61.4 19.83

Pump Total Head (H) vs Volume Flow Rate (Q)

25.00

20.00
Pump Total Head (m)

15.00

10.00

5.00

0.00
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50
Volume Flow Rate (m3/ hr)
iii. PUMP POWER OUTPUT (PO) VS VOLUME FLOW RATE (Q)

Pump Power Output was obtained by calculate using formula as below:

When H = 14.5m, Q = 3.41 m3/hr

𝑘𝑔 𝑚 𝑚3 1ℎ𝑟
Po = (1000 × 9.81 × 14.5𝑚 × 3.41 ) ×
𝑚3 𝑠2 ℎ𝑟 3600𝑠

Po = 134.74 W

When H = 16.37m, Q = 2.73 m3/hr

𝑘𝑔 𝑚 𝑚3 1ℎ𝑟
Po = (1000 × 9.81 × 16.37𝑚 × 2.73 ) ×
𝑚3 𝑠2 ℎ𝑟 3600𝑠

Po = 121.78 W

When H = 17.90m, Q = 2.04 m3/hr

𝑘𝑔 𝑚 𝑚3 1ℎ𝑟
Po = (1000 × 9.81 × 17.90𝑚 × 2.04 ) ×
𝑚3 𝑠2 ℎ𝑟 3600𝑠

Po = 99.51 W
When H = 19.05m, Q = 1.36 m3/hr

𝑘𝑔 𝑚 𝑚3 1ℎ𝑟
Po = (1000 × 9.81 × 19.05𝑚 × 1.36 ) ×
𝑚3 𝑠2 ℎ𝑟 3600𝑠

Po = 70.60 W

When H = 19.83m, Q = 0.68 m3/hr

𝑘𝑔 𝑚 𝑚3 1ℎ𝑟
Po = (1000 × 9.81 × 19.83𝑚 × 0.68 ) ×
𝑚3 𝑠2 ℎ𝑟 3600𝑠

Po = 36.74 W

VOLUME FLOW RATE, Q PUMP TOTAL HEAD, H PUMP POWER OUTPUT

(m3/hr) (m) (W)
3.41 14.50 134.74

2.73 16.37 121.78

2.04 17.90 99.51

1.36 19.05 70.60

0.68 19.83 36.74

Pump Power Output (Po) vs Volume Flow Rate (Q)

120.00
Pump Power Output (W)

100.00

80.00

60.00

40.00

20.00

0.00
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
Volume Flow Rate (m3/ hr)
iv. PUMP POEWR INPUT VS VOLUME FLOW RATE

Pump Power Input, Pi was calculated by using formula below:

a) When PMi = 570 b) When PMi = 550

Pi = (570-70) W Pi = (550-70) W

Pi = 500 W Pi = 480 W
c) When PMi = 520 d) When PMi = 490

Pi = (520-70) W Pi = (490-70) W

Pi = 450 W Pi = 420 W
e) When PMi = 450

Pi = (450-70) W

Pi = 380 W
VOLUME FLOW Motor Input Power, Pp1min (W) PUMP POWER
RATE, Q (m3/hr) PMi (W) INPUT, Pi (W)

3.41 570 70 500

2.73 550 70 480

2.04 520 70 450

1.36 490 70 420

0.68 450 70 380

Pump Power Input (Pi) vs Volume Flow Rate (Q)

600

500
Pump Power Input (W)

400

300

200

100

0
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
Volume Flow Rate (m3/ hr)
v. PUMP EFFICIENCY (ETA) VS VOLUME FLOW RATE (Q)

Pump efficiency was obtained by calculation below:

𝑃𝑂 𝑃𝑂
a) ETA: × 100% b) ETA: × 100%
𝑃𝑖 𝑃𝑖

When Po = 134.74, Pi = 500 W When Po = 121.78, Pi = 480 W

134.74𝑊 121.78𝑊
ETA = × 100% ETA = × 100%
500𝑊 480𝑊

ETA = 26.95% ETA = 25.37%

𝑃𝑂 𝑃𝑂
c) ETA: × 100% d) ETA: × 100%
𝑃𝑖 𝑃𝑖

When Po = 99.51, Pi = 450 W When Po = 70.60, Pi = 420 W

99.51𝑊 70.60𝑊
ETA = × 100% ETA = × 100%
450𝑊 420𝑊

ETA = 22.11% ETA = 16.81%

𝑃𝑂
e) ETA: × 100%
𝑃𝑖

When Po = 36.74, Pi = 380 W

36.74𝑊
ETA = × 100%
380𝑊

ETA = 9.67%
VOLUME FLOW PUMP POWER PUMP POWER PUMP
RATE, Q (m3/hr) OUTPUT (W) INPUT, Pi (W) EFFICIENCY, ETA
(%)
3.41 134.74 500 26.95

2.73 121.78 480 25.37

2.04 99.51 450 22.11

1.36 70.60 420 16.81

0.68 36.74 380 9.67

Pump Efficiency (ETA) vs Volume Flow Rate (Q)

30.00

25.00
Pump Efficiency (%)

20.00

15.00

10.00

5.00

0.00
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50
Volume Flow Rate (m3/ hr)
vi. OVERALL EFFICINCY (ETAgr) VS VOLUME FLOW RATE (Q)

Overall Efficiency was obtained by calculate using formula at below:

𝑃𝑂 𝑃𝑂
a) ETA: × 100% b) ETA: × 100%
𝑃𝑖 𝑃𝑖

When Po = 134.74, PMi = 570 W When Po = 121.78, PMi = 550 W

134.74𝑊 121.78𝑊
ETAgr = × 100% ETAgr = × 100%
570𝑊 550𝑊

ETAgr = 23.64% ETAgr = 22.14%

𝑃𝑂 𝑃𝑂
c) ETA: × 100% d) ETA: × 100%
𝑃𝑖 𝑃𝑖

When Po = 99.51, PMi = 520 W When Po = 70.60, PMi = 490 W

99.51𝑊 134.74𝑊
ETAgr = × 100% ETAgr = × 100%
520𝑊 570𝑊

ETAgr = 19.14% ETAgr = 14.41%

𝑃𝑂
e) ETA: × 100%
𝑃𝑖

When Po = 36.74, PMi = 450 W

36.74𝑊
ETAgr = × 100%
450𝑊

ETAgr = 8.16%
VOLUME FLOW PUMP POWER Motor Input Power, OVERALL
RATE, Q (m3/hr) OUTPUT (W) PMi (W) EFFICIENCY,
ETAgr (%)
3.41 134.74 570 23.64

2.73 121.78 550 22.14

2.04 99.51 520 19.14

1.36 70.60 490 14.41

0.68 36.74 450 8.16

Overall Efficiency (ETAgr) vs Volume Flow Rate (Q)

25.00

20.00
Overall Efficiency (%)

15.00

10.00

5.00

0.00
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
Volume Flow Rate (m3/ hr)
TABLE 3B: ROTATIONAL SPEED AND FLOW RATE FOR P3

Volume Flow, Q was calculated by using formula:

When q = 28.5, When q = 27.4,

28.5 27.4
Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60 Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60
100 100

Q = 0.49m3/hr Q = 0.47m3/hr

When q = 25.3, When q = 23.2,

25.3 23.2
Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60 Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60
100 100

Q = 0.43m3/hr Q = 0.40m3/hr

When q = 20.9, When q = 18.8,

20.9 18.8
Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60 Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60
100 100

Q = 0.36m3/hr Q = 0.32m3/hr

When q = 16.6, When q = 14.4,

16.6 14.4
Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60 Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60
100 100

Q = 0.28m3/hr Q = 0.25m3/hr

When q = 12.2, When q = 10.0,

12.2 28.5
Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60 Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60
100 100

Q = 0.21m3/hr Q = 0.17m3/hr
When q = 7.9, When q = 5.7,
7.9 28.5
Q = 100 × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60 Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60
100

Q = 0.13m3/hr Q = 0.10m3/hr

SPEED (RPM) FLOW RATE (%) VOLUME FLOW RATE, Q

(m3/hr)
1500 28.5 0.49

1400 27.4 0.47

1300 25.3 0.43

1200 23.2 0.40

1100 20.9 0.36

1000 18.8 0.32
900 16.6 0.28
800 14.4 0.25
700 12.2 0.21
600 10.0 0.17
500 7.9 0.13
400 5.7 0.10

Pump Power Output (Po), Pump Efficiency (ETA),

and Overall Efficiency (ETAgr) vs Volume Flow Rate
(Q)
150.00
100.00
50.00
0.00
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
Volume Flow Rate (m3/ hr)

Pump Power Output (W) Pump Efficiency (%)

Overall Efficiency (%)
Data collected for Experiment 4:

TABLE 4B: PRESSURE, FLOW RATE, SPEED AND POWER FOR P3

PRESSURE (%) FLOW RATE (%) SPEED (RPM) POWER (kW)

70 28.5 1451 0.52

65 29.0 1459 0.48

60 29.4 1463 0.47

55 29.8 1469 0.44

50 30.2 1474 0.42

45 30.7 1480 0.40

40 31.1 1485 0.38

35 31.6 1490 0.36

30 31.9 1495 0.34

25 32.2 1500 0.32

20 32.7 1505 0.30

10 33.6 1514 0.26

VOLUME PUMP PUMP PUMP Motor PUMP OVERALL

FLOW TOTAL POWER POWER Input EFFICIENCY, EFFICIENCY,
RATE, Q HEAD, OUTPUT INPUT, Power, ETA (%) ETAgr (%)
(m3/hr) H (m) (W) Pi (W) PMi (W)
3.41 14.50 134.74 500 570 26.95 23.64

2.73 16.37 121.78 480 550 25.37 22.14

2.04 17.90 99.51 450 520 22.11 19.14

1.36 19.05 70.60 420 490 16.81 14.41

0.68 19.83 36.74 380 450 9.67 8.16

 i. MOTOR INPUT POWER VS OUTPUT PRESSURE FOR P3

PMi = Power (Kw) X 1000 PMi = Power (Kw) X 1000

When power = 0. 52 When power = 0. 48

1000𝑊 1000𝑊
PMi = 0.52𝑘𝑊 × PMi = 0.48𝑘𝑊 ×
1𝑘𝑊 1𝑘𝑊

PMi = 520W PMi = 480W

PMi = Power (Kw) X 1000 PMi = Power (Kw) X 1000

When power = 0. 47 When power = 0. 44

1000𝑊 1000𝑊
PMi = 0.47𝑘𝑊 × PMi = 0.44𝑘𝑊 ×
1𝑘𝑊 1𝑘𝑊

PMi = 470W PMi = 440W

PMi = Power (Kw) X 1000 PMi = Power (Kw) X 1000

When power = 0. 42 When power = 0.40

1000𝑊 1000𝑊
PMi = 0.42𝑘𝑊 × PMi = 0.40𝑘𝑊 ×
1𝑘𝑊 1𝑘𝑊

PMi = 420W PMi = 400W

PMi = Power (Kw) X 1000 PMi = Power (Kw) X 1000

When power = 0.38 When power = 0.36

1000𝑊 1000𝑊
PMi = 0.38𝑘𝑊 × PMi = 0.36𝑘𝑊 ×
1𝑘𝑊 1𝑘𝑊

PMi = 380W PMi = 360W

PMi = Power (Kw) X 1000 PMi = Power (Kw) X 1000

When power = 0. 34 When power = 0.32

1000𝑊 1000𝑊
PMi = 0.34𝑘𝑊 × PMi = 0.32𝑘𝑊 ×
1𝑘𝑊 1𝑘𝑊

PMi = 340W PMi = 320W

PMi = Power (Kw) X 1000 PMi = Power (Kw) X 1000

When power = 0.30 When power = 0.26

1000𝑊 1000𝑊
PMi = 0.30𝑘𝑊 × PMi = 0.26𝑘𝑊 ×
1𝑘𝑊 1𝑘𝑊

PMi = 300W PMi = 260W

PRESSURE (%) MOTOR INPUT POWER, PMi

70 520
65 480
60 470
55 440
50 420
45 400
40 380
35 360
30 430
25 320
20 300
10 260

Motor Input Power (PMi) vs Output Pressure (Pr)

800
700
Motor Input Power (W)

600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Output Pressure (%)
VOLUME FLOW (Q) VS OUTPUT PRESSURE (Pr) FOR P3

When q = 28.5, When q = 29.0,

28.5 29.0
Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60 Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60
100 100

Q = 0.49m3/hr Q = 0.50m3/hr

When q = 29.4, When q = 29.8,

29.4 29.8
Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60 Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60
100 100

Q = 0.50m3/hr Q = 0.51m3/hr

When q = 30.2, When q = 30.7,

30.2 30.7
Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60 Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60
100 100

Q = 0.51m3/hr Q = 0.52m3/hr

When q = 31.1, When q = 31.6,

31.1 31.6
Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60 Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60
100 100

Q = 0.53m3/hr Q = 0.54m3/hr

When q = 31.9, When q = 32.2,

31.9 32,2
Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60 Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60
100 100

Q = 0.54m3/hr Q = 0.55m3/hr

When q = 32.7, When q = 33.6,

32.7 33.6
Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60 Q= × 28.39 ÷ 103 × 60
100 100

Q = 0.56m3/hr Q = 0.57m3/hr
 PRESSURE (%) VOLUME FLOW (Q)
70 0.49
65 0.50
60 0.50
55 0.51
50 0.51
45 0.52
40 0.53
35 0.54
30 0.54
25 0.55
20 0.56
10 0.57

Volume Flow (Q) vs Output Pressure (Pr)

1.33
1.32
Volume Flow (m3/ hr)

1.32
1.31
1.31
1.30
1.30
1.29
0 20 40 60 80 100
Output Pressure (%)
 ii. PUMP POWER OUTPUT (PO) VS OUTPUT PRESSURE (Pr) FOR P3

When Pr = 60

H=