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2.10 A Substrate Is Decomposed in The Presence of An Enzyme According To The Michaelis-Menten

The document describes a substrate being decomposed by an enzyme in two continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) connected in series. The kinetic parameters and operating conditions of the system are provided. Calculations show that with a flow rate of 0.5 L/min and inlet substrate concentration of 50 g/L, the substrate concentration leaving the second reactor would be 28.501 g/L. This is less than the 29.152 g/L that would result from one reactor of the same total volume, so the two-reactor system is more efficient.

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Eureca Parra
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329 views2 pages

2.10 A Substrate Is Decomposed in The Presence of An Enzyme According To The Michaelis-Menten

The document describes a substrate being decomposed by an enzyme in two continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) connected in series. The kinetic parameters and operating conditions of the system are provided. Calculations show that with a flow rate of 0.5 L/min and inlet substrate concentration of 50 g/L, the substrate concentration leaving the second reactor would be 28.501 g/L. This is less than the 29.152 g/L that would result from one reactor of the same total volume, so the two-reactor system is more efficient.

Uploaded by

Eureca Parra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2.

10 A substrate is decomposed in the presence of an enzyme according to the Michaelis-Menten


equation with the following kinetic parameters:
KM = 10 g/L
rmax = 7 g/L min

If we operate two one-liter CSTRs in series at steady state, what will be the concentration of
substrate leaving the second reactor? The flow rate is 0.5 L/min. The inlet substrate concentration
is 50 g/L and the enzyme concentration in the two reactors is maintained at the same value all of
the time. Is the two-reactor system more efficient than one reactor whose volume is equal to the
sum of the two reactors?

F0 = 0.5 L/min F1 F2
1 2
CS0 = 50 g/L CS1 CS2

a. Two one-liter CSTRs connected in series


First reactor:
𝐹 𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑥 ∗ 𝐶𝑠
=
𝑉 (𝐶𝑆0 − 𝐶𝑠 )(𝐾𝑀 + 𝐶𝑆 )
𝑔
0.5 𝐿/𝑚𝑖𝑛 7 𝐿 𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ 𝐶𝑠
= 𝑔 𝑔
1𝐿 (50 𝐿 − 𝐶𝑠 ) (10 𝐿 + 𝐶𝑆 )

𝐿 𝑔
0.5 𝑚𝑖𝑛 7 𝐿 𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ 𝐶𝑠
= 𝑔 𝑔
1𝐿 (50 𝐿 − 𝐶𝑠 ) (10 𝐿 + 𝐶𝑆 )
−1 −1
𝐿
0.5 𝑚𝑖𝑛 1
( 𝑔 ) =( 𝑔 𝑔 𝑔 𝑔 )
1𝐿∗7 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 50 ∗ 10 + 50 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 − 10 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 − 𝐶𝑠2
𝐿 𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
𝑔 𝑔 𝑔 𝑔 𝑔
14 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 = 50 ∗ 10 + 50 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 − 10 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 − 𝐶𝑠2
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
14𝐶𝑠 = 500 + 50𝐶𝑠 − 10𝐶𝑠 − 𝐶𝑠2

0 = 500 + 26𝐶𝑠 − 𝐶𝑠2


𝑔 𝑔
𝐶𝑠 = −12.865 , 𝐶𝑠 = 38.865
𝐿 𝐿
Second reactor:
𝐹 𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑥 ∗ 𝐶𝑠
=
𝑉 (𝐶𝑆0 − 𝐶𝑠 )(𝐾𝑀 + 𝐶𝑆 )
𝑔
0.5 𝐿/𝑚𝑖𝑛 7 𝐿 𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ 𝐶𝑠
= 𝑔 𝑔
1𝐿 (38.865 𝐿 − 𝐶𝑠 ) (10 𝐿 + 𝐶𝑆 )
𝑔 𝑔 𝑔 𝑔 𝑔
14 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 = 38.865 ∗ 10 + 38.865 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 − 10 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 − 𝐶𝑠2
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
0 = 388.65 + 14.865 𝐶𝑠 − 𝐶𝑠2
𝑔 𝒈
𝐶𝑠 = −13.636 , 𝑪𝒔 = 𝟐𝟖. 𝟓𝟎𝟏
𝐿 𝑳
b. One two-liter CSTR
𝐹 𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑥 ∗ 𝐶𝑠
=
𝑉 (𝐶𝑆0 − 𝐶𝑠 )(𝐾𝑀 + 𝐶𝑆 )
𝑔
0.5 𝐿/𝑚𝑖𝑛 7 𝐿 𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ 𝐶𝑠
= 𝑔 𝑔
2𝐿 (50 𝐿 − 𝐶𝑠 ) (10 𝐿 + 𝐶𝑆 )
𝐿 𝑔
0.5 𝑚𝑖𝑛 7 𝐿 𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ 𝐶𝑠
= 𝑔 𝑔
2𝐿 (50 𝐿 − 𝐶𝑠 ) (10 𝐿 + 𝐶𝑆 )
−1 −1
𝐿
0.5 𝑚𝑖𝑛 1
( 𝑔 ) =( 𝑔 𝑔 𝑔 𝑔 )
2 𝐿 ∗ 7 𝐿 𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 50 𝐿 ∗ 10 𝐿 + 50 𝐿 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 − 10 𝐿 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 − 𝐶𝑠2

𝑔 𝑔 𝑔 𝑔 𝑔
28 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 = 50 ∗ 10 + 50 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 − 10 ∗ 𝐶𝑠 − 𝐶𝑠2
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
28𝐶𝑠 = 500 + 50𝐶𝑠 − 10𝐶𝑠 − 𝐶𝑠2

0 = 500 + 12𝐶𝑠 − 𝐶𝑠2


𝑔 𝒈
𝐶𝑠 = −17.152 , 𝑪𝒔 = 𝟐𝟗. 𝟏𝟓𝟐
𝐿 𝑳
For two one-liter CSTRs connected in series the final Cs is 28.501 g/L which is less than
the Cs exiting from a one two-liter CSTR. Therefore, two-reactor system is more efficient.

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