Taenia saginata Taenia solium Hymenolepis Hymenolepis Dipylidium Diphyllobothrium Echinococcus sp. Spirometra sp.

nana diminuta caninum latum

Common name Beef tapeworm Pork tapeworm Dwarf Tapeworm Rat tapeworm Double pored dog Fish tapeworm,
tapeworm broad tapeworm
MUKANG DUCK
Habitat Upper Upper SI Ileum Intestines
duodenum
Diagnostic stage Eggs Eggs Embryonated egg Embryonated Proglottids (don’t Unembryonated Hydatid cysts in Unembryonated
Gravid P Gravid P (P disintegrates) eggs (P disintegrate) egg (operculated) liver, lungs eggs
Scolex Scolex disintegrates) + operculum, (operculated)
abopercular
O knob
Infective stage Cysticercus Cysticercus Embryonated egg Cysticercoid Cysticercoid Plerocercoid larvae Embryonated Plerocercoid
bovis cellulosae, Egg larvae larvae eggs in feces larvae
Intermediate host Cow Pork, Man ***Murine strain Man – accidental Man – accidental 1st: copepods Sheep goat swine 1st copepods
(accidental) (rice and flour host (Cyclops and cattle horse camel 2nd frogsm
beetle; Tenebrio Ctenocephalides Diaptomus) Accidental: MAN snakes,
sp.) Tribolium sp. canis, felis, chickens
PUlex irritans, 2nd: freshwater fish:
Trichodectes pike, salmon, trout ACCIDANTEAL
H. nana var canis MAN (paratenic
fraterna – final or transport
host is rat and hosts)
mice;
intermediate
fleece and
beetles
(accidental is
man)
Definitive host Human Man Human Rat and other Dogs and cats Man, dogs, cats, Dogs Dogs and cats
murines fozes, leopards,
minks, [ogs, nears
Disease Taeniasis Taeniasis Hymenolepiasis Hymenolepiasis Dipylidiasis Diphyllobothriasis Human Sparganosis
Human echinococcosis Edema
cysticercosis Hyperchromic, Migrating larvae
(NCC) megaloblastic Periodic giant
anemia with urticarial
Tcytopenia and Erythema
leukopenia
Treatment Praziquantel Taeniasis: Praziquantel Praziquantel Praziquantel Praziquantel Surgery Surgery
Praziquantel Nitazoxanide Benzimidazole
Cure: (1) Niclosamide Cure = recovery of PAIR
recovery of Get stool exam scolex; (-) stool Pair + Benzi or
scolex, (2) (-) Multiple PC: P, alternate days exam after 3 Albenda
stool exam after A, C months
3 months Tx repeated after
Parenchymal: 2 weeks; cure if
High dose C, stools (-) at one
and M (for inc month post tx
OP)
 Subarachnoid:
S, A

Ventricular: S

Ocular: S then
P/A

Same cure
criteria
C. bovis C. cellulosae C. larvae C. larvae Protrusible 2 grooves; almond GMVO Usually
Egg striated Same egg; With Doesn’t require Needs an rostellum, rose shaped Granulosus - c nakkuha sa
embryophore rostellum and intermediate host intermediate host thorn shaped Multilocularis - a water
1 ovary, median hooks hooklets, vase unembryonated Vogeli - p
cuboidal shaped Y shaped, Larger than H shaped, melon eggs embryonate Oligarthus – p S. mansoni
testes, NO retractable, 3 nana; shaped, pumpkin in water  S. erinacei
HOOKS testes, 1 ovary, rudimentary shaped oncospheres  3 proglottids only; S. ranarum
bipolar unarmed proglottids coracidia -> looks like a BAT
more active than thickenings, polar rostellum; no ingested by
T solium filaments; filaments but with Egg packets!! copepods  OLH – ING
proglottids bipolar procercoid -> Protoscolices
disintegrate thickenings ingested by found within the
freshwater fish  cyst
plerocercoid  Broodcapsules
ingested by human (only germinal
 larvae hatch  layer)
adult Daughter cysts
Hydatid sand –
suggestive Dx: raw free lying
fish diet, travel to protoscolices and
endemic area, brood capsule
pernicious anemia

ROSETTE uterus
Almond shaped
Operculum
Abopercular knob