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Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols

Lab Guide
Revision 2.3
Sep 22nd, 2010

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3

Table of Contents
LAB 1 INITIAL LAB TOPOLOGY CONFIGURATION ........................................................4

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LAB 2 CONFIGURING STATIC AND DEFAULT ROUTES ................................................. 12

LAB 3 SPF PATH SELECTION ............................................................................... 20

LAB 4 CONFIGURING OSPF IN A SINGLE AREA.......................................................... 21

LAB 5 CONFIGURING OSPF FOR MULTIPLE AREAS AND SUMMARIZATION ......................... 29

LAB 6 CONFIGURING IS-IS FOR A SINGLE AREA ........................................................ 39

LAB 7 ROUTE REDISTRIBUTION ........................................................................... 51

APPENDIX A ANSWERS TO LAB QUESTIONS ............................................................. 54

APPENDIX B LAB SOLUTIONS .............................................................................. 58

List of Figures
Figure 1-1: Physical connectivity ..........................................................................5

Figure 1-2: Internal view of one pod......................................................................8

Figure 2-1: Pod physical connectivity .................................................................. 13

Figure 2-2: Physical connectivity ........................................................................ 14

Figure 2-3: Physical connectivity ........................................................................ 15

Figure 2-4: Physical connectivity ........................................................................ 17

Figure 3.1: SPF Path Selection ........................................................................... 20

Figure 4-1: OSPF single area.............................................................................. 22

Figure 4-2: Physical Connectivity........................................................................ 25

Figure 4-3: VPLS Connection ............................................................................. 25

Figure 4-4: VPLS Configuration........................................................................... 26

Figure 5-1: Multi-area OSPF............................................................................... 30

Figure 5-2: OSPF Virtual link ............................................................................. 37

Figure 6-1: IS-IS Single area network ................................................................... 40

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Figure 6-2: Physical Connectivity........................................................................ 44

Figure 6-3: ISIS VPLS Connection ........................................................................ 44

Figure 6-4: ISIS VPLS Configuration ..................................................................... 45

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Figure 6-5: IS-IS multiple area network ................................................................ 47

Figure 7-1: Route redistribution ......................................................................... 51

List of Tables
Table 1-1: Lab 1 commands.................................................................................4

Table 1-2: Router remote access addresses .............................................................5

Table 1-3: Initial router parameters ......................................................................6

Table 1-4: Router system IP addresses ...................................................................7

Table 1-5: Core IP addresses................................................................................7

Table 1-6: IP addressing and labels...................................................................... 10

Table 2-1: Lab 2 commands............................................................................... 12

Table 2-2: Pod connectivity............................................................................... 16

Table 2-3: Pod connectivity............................................................................... 18

Table 3.1: SPF Path Selection ............................................................................ 20

Table 4-1: Lab 4 commands............................................................................... 21

Table 5-1: Lab 5 commands............................................................................... 29

Table 6-1: Lab 6 commands............................................................................... 39

Table 8-1: Lab verification commands.................................................................. 58

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 3

Lab 1 Initial Lab Topology Configuration
Objective:

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Develop an IP addressing plan for the lab topology and configure routers interfaces according to
figure 1.1.

Syntax
The commands required for this exercise are listed in Table 1-1. Each command may have
additional possible parameters. Use the “?” character for help and to explore all command line
options.

Lab 1 configuration commands

telnet
admin display-config
system name <name>
configure router interface <name> address <address>
configure router interface <name> loopback
configure router interface <name> port <port>
admin save

Table 1-1: Lab 1 commands

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Figure 1-1: Physical connectivity

Pod number Router name Connect address

Pod 1 Core Core-Pod1
Edge Edge-Pod1
Access Access-Pod1
Pod 2 Core Core-Pod2
Edge Edge-Pod2
Access Access-Pod2
Pod 3 Core Core-Pod3
Edge Edge-Pod3
Access Access-Pod3
Pod 4 Core Core-Pod4
Edge Edge-Pod4
Access Access-Pod4

Table 1-2: Router remote access addresses

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Exercise 1.1 Physical connectivity

Objective:
Verify the operation and physical connectivity of the routers, which are connected according to

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Figure 1-1.

Exercise
1. Together with your instructor and other class members, develop on the whiteboard a
consistent IP address plan for the lab, following the guidelines in Tables 1-3 to 1-5.
2. Connect to the routers in your pod using the addresses provided by your instructor. Fill in
the required fields for Table 1-2. The username and password for all devices is “admin”. If
you are unable to connect to any of the routers, notify your instructor.
3. Verify that the router has no configuration.
Note: If a prior configuration is on your router, you need to remove it before starting this
lab. If you are unsure how to accomplish this, ask your instructor.

Verification
1. Determine if you can connect to your routers.
2. Ensure that the router has no residual configuration on it.

Parameter Value
Pod number 1, 2, 3, or 4 (circle your pod number)
System IP address Pod IP address/32 (see Table 1-4 for addresses)
Pod 1 IP addressing range 172.16.0.0/16
Pod 2 IP addressing range 172.17.0.0/16
Pod 3 IP addressing range 172.18.0.0/16
Pod 4 IP addressing range 172.19.0.0/16
Core IP addressing range 172.31.0.0/16 (see Table 1-5 for addresses)
Loopback interfaces of core router Pod IP address/32
Loopback interfaces of edge router Pod IP address/32

Table 1-3: Initial router parameters

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 Pod component IP address
Pod 1 core system 172.16.1.1/32
Pod 1 edge system 172.16.254.1/32

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Pod 1 Access system 172.16.253.1/32
Pod 2 core system 172.17.1.1/32
Pod 2 edge system 172.17.254.1/32
Pod 2 Access system 172.17.253.1/32
Pod 3 core system 172.18.1.1/32
Pod 3 edge system 172.18.254.1/32
Pod 3 Access system 172.18.253.1/32
Pod 4 core system 172.19.1.1/32
Pod 4 edge system 172.19.254.1/32
Pod 4 Access system 172.19.253.1/32

Table 1-4: Router system IP addresses

Pod connection IP address

Pod 1 to Pod 2 172.31.1.1/30
Pod 1 to Pod 3
Pod 1 to Pod 4
Pod 2 to Pod 1
Pod 2 to Pod 3
Pod 2 to Pod 4
Pod 3 to Pod 1
Pod 3 to Pod 2
Pod 3 to Pod 4
Pod 4 to Pod 1
Pod 4 to Pod 2
Pod 4 to Pod 3

Table 1-5: Core IP addresses

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Exercise 1.2 Connectivity

Objective

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Configure the interfaces and IP addressing in your pod.

Figure 1-2: Internal view of one pod

Exercise
Configure the routers in your assigned pod, using the address plan developed in Exercise 1.1.
1. Name each router, if not already named with the naming convention shown in Figure 1-2.

echo "System Configuration"

#--------------------------------------------------
name "Core1-Pod1"
exit

2. Configure each pod router with a system interface and a minimum of two loopback
interfaces.
3. Configure the Ethernet connection between pod routers.
4. Configure IP addresses on all internal interfaces and the Ethernet connections between
pods.

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5. Make sure that your IP subnetting is consistent.

echo "IP Configuration"

#--------------------------------------------------
interface "C1_C2"

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address 172.31.1.1/30
port 1/1/2
exit
interface "C1_C3"
address 172.31.2.1/30
port 1/1/3
exit
interface "C1_C4"
address 172.31.3.1/30
port 1/1/4
exit
interface "C_E1"
address 172.16.2.1/30
port 1/1/1
exit
interface "loopback1"
address 172.16.1.2/32
loopback
exit
interface "loopback2"
address 172.16.1.3/32
loopback
exit
interface "system"
address 172.16.1.1/32
exit
----------------------------------------------

Verification
1. Verify that all required interfaces are active and operational.
2. On the core router, ensure that you have configured the following interfaces with IP
addressing:
 Three core interfaces with an IP address starting with 172.31.X.Y/30
 One system IP address from your pod IP address range
 Two loopback IP addresses from your pod IP address range
 One Ethernet IP address that connects to your edge router
3. On the edge router, ensure that you have configured the following interfaces with IP
addressing:
 Two Ethernet IP address that connect to your core and access routers
 Two loopback IP addresses from your pod IP address range
 One system IP address from your pod IP address range
4. On the Access router, ensure that you have configured the following interfaces with IP
addressing:
 One Ethernet IP address that connects to your Edge router
 Two loopback IP addresses from your pod IP address range
 One system IP address from your pod IP address range
5. You should be able to ping between the core and edge routers and the access routers on
the physical interface, directly connecting the two together, and between the core routers
on the segments that interconnect them.

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6. Complete Table 1-6 for your pod. Use this table in the subsequent labs: each interface
should be associated with an IP address. This addressing will not vary in future labs, so you
need to be familiar with it.

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Router Interface IP address Mask Port number
Core System 255.255.255.255 System
Core Loopback 1 255.255.255.255 Loopback
Core Loopback 2 255.255.255.255 Loopback
Core Ethernet to edge 255.255.255.252
Core To Core pod: 255.255.255.252
Core To Core pod: 255.255.255.252
Core To Core pod: 255.255.255.252

Edge System 255.255.255.255 System

Edge Loopback 1 255.255.255.255 Loopback
Edge Loopback 2 255.255.255.255 Loopback
Edge Ethernet to Access 255.255.255.252
Edge Ethernet to core 255.255.255.252

Access System 255.255.255.255 System

Access Loopback 1 255.255.255.255 Loopback
Access Loopback 2 255.255.255.255 Loopback
Access Ethernet to Edge 255.255.255.252

Table 1-6: IP addressing and labels

Bonus Step
If time permits, you may configure additional loopback interfaces on the routers in your pod.
Use the next available subnets from your defined range.

Questions
1. Which command is used to ensure all ports are active?

2. Which command can be used to determine the naming convention for the interfaces?

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 Notes

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3

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Lab 2 Configuring Static and Default Routes
Objective

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Configure and verify direct, floating, and black-hole static routes between routers

Syntax
The commands required for this exercise are listed in Table 2-1. See Module 2, Static Routing
and Default Routes, for more information. Each command may have additional possible
parameters. Use the “?” character for help and to explore all command line options. Other
commands may also be used, including those from previous courses.

Lab 2 configuration commands

telnet
admin display-config
configure router static-route <remote network/mask> next-hop <next-hop-address>
{preference} <value>
Configure port 1/1/X shutdown
Configure port 1/1/X no shutdown
trace <ip-address>
ping <ip-address>
admin save

Table 2-1: Lab 2 commands

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 12

Exercise 2.1 Configuring static routes on the core and edge
routers

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Objective
Configure static routes between the core, edge and access routers and then verify connectivity
between the routers.

Figure 2-1: Pod physical connectivity

Exercise
1. Configure default routes from the access router to the edge and core routers.

echo "Static Route Configuration"

#--------------------------------------------------
static-route 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 172.16.3.1

2. Configure an explicit static route from your pod’s core router to the loopback and system
interfaces of your edge and access routers, and from your pod’s edge router to the
loopback and system interfaces of the your core and access routers.

echo "Static Route Configuration"

#--------------------------------------------------
static-route 172.16.1.1/32 next-hop 172.16.2.1
static-route 172.16.1.2/32 next-hop 172.16.2.1

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 13

3. Verify that the core router has the static routes in its routing table.
4. Verify that the edge and access routers have the default route in its routing table.

Verification

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1. Ping the core router’s system interface IP address from your access router.
2. Ping the core router’s system interface IP address from your edge router.
3. Ping the edge router’s system interface IP address from your core router.
4. Execute a show router route command to view the static routes in your routing table.

Exercise 2.2 Configuring static routes to other pods

Objective
Configure static routes between the core routers to provide direct connectivity between pods.
Each core router should have a total of three static routes.

Figure 2-2: Physical connectivity

Exercise
Configure static routes between the core routers.
1. Configure static routes on your pod’s core router to the core routers of the other pods.

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 echo "Static Route Configuration"
#--------------------------------------------------
static-route 172.17.1.1/32 next-hop 172.31.1.2
static-route 172.18.1.1/32 next-hop 172.31.4.2

2. Verify that the core router has the static routes listed in its routing table.

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Verification
1. From your core router, ping the system interfaces of all other core routers.
2. From your core router, ping the system interfaces of all other pods’ edge and access
routers.
3. From your edge router, ping the system interfaces of all other pods’ edge and access
routers.
4. Execute a show command on your routers to verify the static routes.

Exercise 2.3 Configuring floating static routes to another pod

Objective
Configure floating static routes between the core routers to provide redundant connectivity
between the pods, as listed in Table 2-2.

Figure 2-3: Physical connectivity

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 15

Pod number: Via pod Remote pod
Pod 1 Core Pod 4 Pod 2 Core

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Pod 2 Core Pod 4 Pod 1 Core
Pod 3 Core Pod 1 Pod 4 Core
Pod 4 Core Pod 1 Pod 3 Core

Table 2-2: Pod connectivity

Exercise
Configure floating static routes between the core routers.
1. Configure a floating static route from your pod’s core router to access a remote pod, as
listed in Table 2-2. Each pod should have a single floating static route.

echo "Static Route Configuration"

#--------------------------------------------------
static-route 172.19.1.1/32 next-hop 172.31.1.2 preference 200
static-route 172.19.1.1/32 next-hop 172.31.5.2

2. Examine your configuration to ensure that the floating static route is configured.

Verification
1. From your core router, ping the system interfaces of the remote pod’s routers that your
floating static route has been configured for.
2. On your core router, type the show router static-route command and examine the
current static route entries.
3. From your core router, shut down the port to the remote pod that the floating static route
has been configured for.
4. On your core router, retype the show router static-route command and note the
differences in the static route entries.
5. Check your routing table to ensure that the floating static route has replaced the original
static route that you configured to the remote pod.
6. From your core router, ping the system interfaces of the remote pod’s routers that your
floating static route has been configured for.
7. Using the trace command, trace the path being taken to the remote pod. Map and verify
the path being taken.
8. Upon completion, reactivate the port that you shut down in step 3.

Questions
1. Which command was used to configure a static route to your remote peer?

2. How can a floating static route become active?

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 16

3. What is the default preference value for a static route?

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Exercise 2.4 Configuring a black-hole static route

Objective
Configure a black hole static route on the core routers and examine the routing table.

Figure 2-4: Physical connectivity

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 Pod number: Remote pod
Pod 1 core Pod 1 edge
Pod 2 core Pod 2 edge

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Pod 3 core Pod 3 edge
Pod 4 core Pod 4 edge
Pod 1 edge Pod 1 access
Pod 2 edge Pod 2 access
Pod 3 edge Pod 3 access
Pod 4 edge Pod 4 access

Table 2-3: Pod connectivity

Exercise
Configure a black hole static route on the core routers.
1. Configure a black hole static route from your pod’s core router to drop packets that are
destined for your pod address range. Each pod should have a single black hole static route.
It should show the previous floating static route and the black-hole static route.

echo "Static Route Configuration"

#--------------------------------------------------
static-route 172.19.0.0/16 black-hole
static-route 172.19.1.1/32 next-hop 172.31.1.2 preference 200
static-route 172.19.1.1/32 next-hop 172.31.5.4

2. Examine your configuration to ensure that the black hole route is configured.
3. Are you able to test the functionality of black hole? Why?

Verification
1. From your core router, ping the system interfaces of the edge routers that your black hole
static route has been configured.
2. On your core router, type the show router static-route command and examine the
current static route entries.

Questions
1. Which command was used to configure a black hole static route to your edge router?

2. Did the ping and traceroute commands to the system interface of the edge router work?

Notes

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Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3
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Lab 3 SPF Path Selection
Objective:

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Build a link state database for rtr1 that consist of the link state information from the other
routers in order to perform SPF calculation for a given path.

Figure 3.1: SPF Path Selection

Rtr1 link state packet

Rtr1 to rtr2 10

Rtr2 link state packet

Rtr3link state packet

Rtr4 link state packet

Rtr5 link state packet

Table 3.1: SPF Path Selection

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 20

Lab 4 Configuring OSPF in a Single Area
Objectives

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Configure OSPF in single area and analyze the OSPF database and routing tables.
Examine OSPF packets exchanges to form an adjacency
Inspect the designated router election process in broadcast domain

Syntax
The commands required for Lab 4 are listed in Table 4-1. Each command may have additional
possible parameters. Use the “?” character for help and to explore all command line options.
Other commands may also be used, including those in previous exercises.

Lab 4 configuration commands

configure router router-id <ip-address>
configure router ospf
configure router ospf area <area-id>
configure router ospf area interface <ip-int-name>
configure router no isis
show router ospf area <area-id> {detail}
show router ospf database
show router ospf interface
show router ospf status
show router ospf neighbor
admin save

Table 4-1: Lab 4 commands

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 21

Exercise 4.1 Implementing OSPF in a single area

Objective

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Migrate from the current implementation to that of OSPF in a single area.

Figure 4-1: OSPF single area

Exercise
1. Configure OSPF on the core and edge routers in area 0.0.0.0.

area 0.0.0.0
interface "system"
exit
interface "C_E1"
exit
interface "loopback1"
exit
interface "loopback2"
exit
interface "C1_C2"
exit
interface "C1_C3"
exit
interface "C1_C4"
exit
exit

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 22

2. Ensure that all interfaces are participating in the OSPF instance.

Verification
1. Verify your routing configuration by examining the OSPF tables on all routers.

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2. Ensure that all networks propagate to peers just as they did prior to this lab.
3. Verify connectivity by issuing the traceroute and ping commands.
4. Use the OSPF show commands to examine the databases for accuracy.
5. How many routes are in your routing table?

Questions
1. What is another term for area 0.0.0.0?

2. Which command is used to confirm that OSPF is working correctly?

3. How is cost calculated on an interface by default?

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 23

Exercise 4.2 Router adjacency study

Objective

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Examine the packets exchanged as OSPF routers form an adjacency.

Exercise
4. Enable debug-trace to look at OSPF packets on the edge router. To enable debug-trace:

configure log log-id <log-id>

configure log > from debug-trace
configure log > to session
exit

debug router ospf packet <packet-type> detail

5. Shut down OSPF on the edge router and start it again. Approximately how many packets
are exchanged to establish the adjacency?
6. With debug-trace running, turn on authentication on the edge router and watch the
packets that are exchanged. Use the password Alcatel. Note which packets are being
exchanged when authentication fails.
7. Note the state that the edge and the core router are stuck in. Enable authentication on the
core router to the edge and verify that the adjacency is formed. Enable authentication on
your other interfaces.
8. Verify the routes in the routing table. Verify that you can ping the edge routers in the
other pods.
9. Change the link from the edge to the core back to broadcast mode while running debug-
trace. Watch to see which router is selected as the DR.

Verification
10. Verify that all the expected adjacencies are formed with authentication.
11. Verify that the expected routes are in the routing table.
12. Using ping, verify connectivity to the other edge routers from your edge router.

Questions
13. Approximately how many packets are required to establish the adjacency?
14. Which packets are being exchanged when authentication fails?

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 24

Exercise 4.3 Broadcast and VPLS

Objective

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Configure VPLS connections between the routers in a given Pod and examine the Designated
Router election in a broadcast networks in OSPF.

Figure 4-2: Physical Connectivity

Figure 4-3: VPLS Connection

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Figure 4-4: VPLS Configuration

Exercise
1. In this exercise, students will work in two groups, one group will configure a VPLS on the
upper pods, and the second group will do the same on the lower pods. The VPLS will be
configured on the edge routers. The three routers participating in the service will be a
core, access, and the opposite pod edge router. Use the same VPLS ID for all SAPs. Notice
the change to the interface IP addresses on the access, core and opposite pod edge routers
towards the VPLS on the edge router to be /29 from /30. Use the following commands to
create the VPLS connection between the routers.

*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/1 shutdown

*A:Edge_Pod1# configure router interface E1_C1 no port
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/1 ethernet mode access
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/1 no shutdown
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure service vpls 100 customer 1 create
*A:Edge_Pod1>config>service>vpls$ sap 1/1/1 create
*A:Edge_Pod1>config>service>vpls>sap$ exit all
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/2 shutdown
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure router interface E1_A1 no port
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/2 ethernet mode access
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/2 no shutdown
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure service vpls 100 customer 1 create
*A:Edge_Pod1>config>service>vpls# sap 1/1/2 create
A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/3 shutdown
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure router interface E1_E2 no port
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/3 ethernet mode access
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/3 no shutdown
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure service vpls 100 customer 1 create
*A:Edge_Pod1>config>service>vpls# sap 1/1/3 create

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 Verify the VPLS is operational.

*A:Edge_Pod1# show service id 100 base

===========================================================
Service Basic Information

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===========================================================
Service Id : 100 Vpn Id : 0
Service Type : VPLS
Customer Id : 1
Last Status Change: 05/03/2010 13:14:50
Last Mgmt Change : 05/03/2010 13:15:22
Admin State : Up Oper State : Up
MTU : 1514 Def. Mesh VC Id : 100
SAP Count : 3 SDP Bind Count : 0
Snd Flush on Fail : Disabled Host Conn Verify : Disabled
Propagate MacFlush: Disabled
Def. Gateway IP : None
Def. Gateway MAC : None

-----------------------------------------------------------
Service Access & Destination Points
-----------------------------------------------------------
Identifier Type AdmMTU OprMTU Adm Opr
-----------------------------------------------------------
sap:1/1/1 null 1514 1514 Up Up
sap:1/1/2 null 1514 1514 Up Up
sap:1/1/3 null 1514 1514 Up Up

2. Configure the OSPF interfaces between the routers as broadcast.

*A:Core_Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface C1_E1

*A:Core_Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if# interface-type broadcast
*A:Access_Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface A1_E1
*A:Access_Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if# interface-type broadcast
*A:Edge_Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface E2_E1
*A:Edge_Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if# interface-type broadcast

3. Determine which is the DR and which the BDR in your pod. Note this information.

*A:Core_Pod1# show router ospf interface

4. Check your routing table to verify that you have routes to all networks.
5. From the access router, ping the system interfaces of the other core routers to verify
connectivity.

Verification
1. Verify your routing configuration by examining the OSPF tables on all routers.
2. Ensure that all networks propagate to peers just as they did in the previous lab.
3. Verify connectivity by issuing the traceroute and ping commands.
4. Use the OSPF show commands to examine the databases for accuracy.
5. How many routes are in your routing table?

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 27

 Note: To remove the vpls services use the following commands:

config>service# vpls 100

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config>service>vpls# shutdown
config>service>vpls# sap 1/1/1 shutdown
config>service>vpls# sap 1/1/2 shutdown
config>service>vpls# sap 1/1/3 shutdown
config>service>vpls# back
config>service>vpls# no sap 1/1/1
config>service>vpls# no sap 1/1/2
config>service>vpls# no sap 1/1/3
config>service>vpls# back
config>service# no vpls 100

To configure the ports in network mode, shut down the ports and then use the command

config>port# ethernet mode network

Questions

1. Which of the two routers in your pod is the DR?

2. Which state are the routers in if the link type does not match?

3. How are the type 1 and type 2 LSAs labeled in the database?

4. Which state are the routers in if the authentication password does not match?

Notes

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 28

Lab 5 Configuring OSPF for Multiple Areas and
Summarization

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Objectives
Configure OSPF for multiple areas.
Test and verify OSPF routes between routers in different area
Examine OSPF database and inspect the different types of LSA
Inspect the changes to OSPF database by configuring different OSPF area types

Syntax
The commands required for Lab 5 are listed in Table 5-1. Each command may have additional
possible parameters. Use the “?” character for help and to explore all command line options.
Other commands may also be used, including those in previous exercises.

Lab 5 configuration commands

configure router router-id <ip-address>
configure router ospf
configure router ospf area <area-id>
configure router ospf area interface <ip-int-name>
area-range <ip-prefix/mask> {advertise | not-advertise}
show router ospf area <area-id> {detail}
show router ospf database
show router ospf interface
show router ospf status
show router ospf neighbor
Admin save

Table 5-1: Lab 5 commands

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 29

Exercise 5.1 Implementing OSPF for a multi-area topology

Objective

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Modify the current single-area OSPF to a multi-area topology as described in the figure below.
The core routers will remain as area 0 while each Pod edge and access will be configured into a
different area.

Figure 5-1: Multi-area OSPF

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 30

Exercise
1. Examine the LSDB to see what types of LSAs it contains. How many are there?
2. Modify the current OSPF topology from a single area to a multi-area topology, as shown in

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Figure 5-1.

router-id 172.19.1.1
area 0.0.0.0
interface "system"
exit
interface "C4_C2"
exit
interface "C4_C1"
exit
interface "C4_C3"
exit
interface "loopback1"
exit
interface "loopback2"
exit
exit
area 0.0.0.4
interface "C4_E6"
exit
exit

3. Verify the operation of OSPF.

4. Examine the LSDB to see what types of LSAs are there now. What new types of LSAs are in
the database?

Verification:
1. Verify your routing policies by examining the OSPF tables on all routers.
2. Ensure that summary networks propagate to peer core routers, by having a Telnet session
with a remote peer and checking its routing table.
3. Verify connectivity by issuing the traceroute and ping commands.
4. Use the OSPF show commands to examine the databases for accuracy.
5. How many routes are in your routing table?

Questions
1. Which type of router connects more than one area together?

2. Which types of LSAs exist in a multi-area network that are not in a single area OSPF
network?

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 31

Exercise 5.2 Routes from non-OSPF areas

Objective

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Change the edge router to an ASBR and examine the LSAs that are exchanged throughout the
network.

Exercise
1. Examine the LSDB to see what types of LSAs it contains.
2. Remove the loopback interfaces on the edge router from OSPF.

echo "IP Configuration"

#--------------------------------------------------
interface "E6_C4"
address 172.17.2.2/30
port 1/1/1
exit
interface "system"
address 172.19.254.1/32
exit
#--------------------------------------------------
echo "OSPFv2 Configuration"
#--------------------------------------------------
ospf
router-id 172.19.254.1
area 0.0.0.4
interface "E6_C4"
exit
exit
exit

3. Configure the edge router as an ASBR, and create and apply an export policy to export the
loopback networks to OSPF. To create an export policy, use the following commands. For
more details, you can refer to the scalable IP network lab guide.
 To create a Routing Policy
config>router# policy-options
 To enter the edit mode for creating a policy option
config>router>policy-options# begin
 To name the routing policy
config>router>policy-options# policy-statement "EXPOL"
 To edit routing policy entries
config>router>policy-options>policy-statement# entry 10
 To define the routing protocol being advertised
config>router>policy-options>policy-statement>entry# from protocol
direct
 To define the action to be taken by the policy
action {accept | next-entry | next-policy | reject}
Example: config>router>policy-options>policy-statement>entry# action
accept
 To save the configured policy-option
config>router>policy-options# commit

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 32

 router-id 172.19.254.1
asbr
export "EXPOL"
area 0.0.0.4
interface "E6_C4"
exit

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exit

4. On the core router, verify that the routing table contains routes to your loopback
networks.
5. Check the LSDB and note the types of LSAs it contains.
6. Verify the operation of OSPF.

Verification
1. Verify your route policies by examining the OSPF tables on all routers.
2. Verify connectivity by issuing the traceroute and ping commands.
3. Use the OSPF show commands to examine the databases for accuracy.
4. How many routes are in your routing table?

Questions
1. Which type of router connects to non-OSPF routing domains?

2. Which types of LSAs exist in an OSPF network connected to other routing domains that are
not in an OSPF-only network?

Exercise 5.3 OSPF stub areas

Objective
Together with your instructor, choose two areas and convert them to an OSPF stub areas, and
then examine the differences in the routing table.

Exercise
1. Examine the LSDB to see what types of LSAs it contains, and verify the routes in the routing
table.
2. Remove the export policy from your edge router so it is no longer flooding Type 5 LSAs.
Convert your area to a stub area.

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 33

 router-id 172.19.1.1
area 0.0.0.0
interface "system"

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exit
interface "C4_C2"
exit
interface "C4_C1"
exit
interface "C4_C3"
exit
interface "loopback1"
exit
interface "loopback2"
exit
exit
area 0.0.0.4
stub
exit
interface "C4_E6"
exit
exit

3. Check the routing table and compare it to the previous version.

4. Examine the LSDB to see what LSAs are being filtered.
5. Verify reachability to the other pods in the network.

Verification
1. Verify connectivity by issuing the traceroute and ping commands.
2. Use the OSPF show commands to examine the databases for accuracy.
3. How many routes are in your routing table?

Questions
1. What changes occur when the network is converted to a stub area?

Exercise 5.4 OSPF stub areas with summaries

Objective
Together with your instructor, choose two areas and convert them to OSPF totally stubby
areas, and then examine the differences in the routing table.

Exercise
1. Examine the LSDB to see what types of LSAs it contains, and verify the routes in the routing
table.
2. Implement summarization on your ABR to advertise your area as a single network entry to
the other pods.

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 34

 config>router>ospf>area#area-range <ip-prefix/mask> [advertise|not-
advertise]

3. Verify reachability to the other pods in the network.

4. Examine the size and content of your routing table and LSDB.

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5. Use the no summaries command to convert your area to a totally stubby area.

config>router>ospf>area>stub# no summaries

6. Check the routing table and compare it to the previous version.

7. Examine the LSDB to see what LSAs are being filtered.

Verification
1. Verify connectivity by issuing the traceroute and ping commands.
2. Use the OSPF show commands to examine the databases for accuracy.
3. How many routes are in your routing table?

Questions
1. What is the effect on the rest of the network of implementing summarization on your ABR?

2. What changes occur when the stub area is configured with no summaries?

Exercise 5.5 OSPF NSSA

Objective
Together with your instructor, choose two areas and convert them to OSPF NSSA areas, and
then examine the differences in the routing table.

Exercise
1. Examine the LSDB to see what types of LSAs it contains, and verify the routes in the routing
table.
2. Convert your area to an NSSA. Add a policy on your edge router to export your loopback
networks and apply it to export these networks into OSPF.

export "EXP_Loop"
exit
area 0.0.0.4
nssa
exit
interface "C4_E6"
exit
exit

3. Check the routing table and compare it to the previous version.

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 35

4. Examine the LSDB to see what LSAs are there.
5. Verify reachability to the other pods in the network.
6. Use the no summaries command to convert your area to a totally NSSA area. You need to
explicitly tell the ABR to advertise a default route into the NSSA area.

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7. Check the routing table and compare it to the previous version.
8. Examine the LSDB to see what LSAs are being filtered.
9. Verify reachability to the other pods in the network.
10. Examine the size and content of your routing table and LSDB.

Verification
1. Verify connectivity by issuing the traceroute and ping commands.
2. Use the OSPF show commands to examine the databases for accuracy.
3. How many routes are in your routing table?

Questions
1. What changes occur when the network is converted to an NSSA?

2. What is the effect of the no summaries command on the NSSA?

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 36

Exercise 5.6 (Optional) Configuring a virtual link to the edge
router

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Objective
Create a virtual link to connect a remote OSPF area to the backbone area.

Figure 5-2: OSPF Virtual link

Exercise
1. Configure your loopback interfaces on the edge router to be in area 1.1.1.X, where X is
your pod number.
2. Remove the NSSA configuration.
3. Configure area 0.0.0.0 on the edge router so that the virtual link can operate correctly.
4. Identify the RID of each router (core and edge) by using the show router ospf neighbor
command.

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 37

5. Implement a virtual link between your core and edge routers.

virtual-link 172.19.1.1 transit-area 0.0.0.1

exit
interface "system"

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exit
interface "C_E1"
exit
interface "loopback1"
exit
interface "loopback2"
exit
interface "C1_C2"
exit
interface "C1_C3"
exit
interface "C1_C4"
exit
exit

6. Ensure that network convergence occurs.

Verification
1. Verify your virtual link implementation by examining the OSPF tables on all routers.
2. Ensure that the core and edge routers maintain OSPF convergence.
3. Verify connectivity by issuing the traceroute and ping commands.
4. Use the OSPF show commands to examine the databases for accuracy.

Questions
1. Why are there so many more LSAs in the router databases after the virtual link is
implemented?

Notes

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 38

Lab 6 Configuring IS-IS for a Single Area
Objectives

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Configure IS-IS in single area and analyze the IS-IS routes.
Examine IS-IS packets exchanges to form an adjacency
Inspect the designated intermediate system election process in broadcast domain
Configure multiple areas IS-IS and inspect route summarization

Syntax
The commands required for Lab 6 are listed in Table 6-1. Each command may have additional
possible parameters. Use the “?” character for help and to explore all command line options.
Other commands may also be used, including those in previous exercises.

Lab 6 configuration commands

configure router isis
Shutdown
no isis
configure router isis area-id <area-address>
configure router isis level-capability <level-1 | level-2 | level-1/2>
configure router isis interface <ip-int-name>
configure router isis interface <ip-name> level-capability level-1
configure router isis summary-address <ip-prefix/mask | ip-prefix {netmask}> level
<level>
show router route
show router isis adjacency
show router isis routes
show router isis interface
show router isis status
admin save

Table 6-1: Lab 6 commands

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 39

Exercise 6.1 Activating IS-IS on your core, edge, and access
routers

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Objective
Configure IS-IS on all routers to be in a single area.

Figure 6-1: IS-IS Single area network

Exercise
1. Configure IS-IS on the core, edge and access routers in area 49.0051.
2. Ensure all interfaces are participating in the IS-IS instance.

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 40

 A:Core_Pod1>config>router>isis# info
----------------------------------------------
area-id 49.0051
interface "system"
exit
interface "C_E1"

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exit
interface "C1_C2"
exit
interface "C1_C3"
exit
interface "C1_C4"
exit
----------------------------------------------

3. When you have confirmed that IS-IS is active and converged, shut down OSPF on the router.

Verification
1. Verify your route policies by examining the IS-IS tables on all routers.
2. Ensure that all networks propagate to peers just as they did prior to this lab.
3. Verify connectivity by issuing the traceroute and ping commands.
4. Use the IS-IS show commands to examine the databases for accuracy.
5. How many routes are in your routing table?

Questions
1. IS-IS is what type of routing protocol?

2. What is the default cost for each link in an IS-IS network?

3. What does “area 49” denote in IS-IS?

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 41

Exercise 6.2 IS-IS adjacency study

Objective

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Examine the packets exchanged as IS-IS routers form an adjacency.

Exercise
1. Enable debug-trace to look at IS-IS packets on the edge router.
2. Shut down IS-IS on the edge router and start it again. Note the packets exchanged to
establish the adjacency.
3. With debug-trace running, turn on authentication on the edge router and watch the
packets that are exchanged. Use the password Alcatel. Note which packets are being
exchanged when authentication fails.
4. Note the state that the edge and the core router are stuck in. Enable authentication on the
core router to the edge and verify that the adjacency is formed. Enable authentication on
your other interfaces.

*A:Core_Pod1>config>router>isis# info
----------------------------------------------
area-id 49.0051
authentication-key "B8KjnQ7FUVsaiZJg8TjroibV7dti5iHF" hash2
authentication-type password
interface "system"
exit
interface "C_E1"
exit
interface "C1_C2"
exit
interface "C1_C3"
exit
interface "C1_C4"
exit
----------------------------------------------

5. Verify the routes in the routing table. Verify that you can ping the edge routers in the
other pods.
6. Change your link from the edge to the core to point-to-point mode while running debug-
trace. Note which packets are being exchanged when the adjacency fails to form. See what
state the edge and core routers are stuck in.

*A:Edge_Pod1>config>router>isis# info
----------------------------------------------
level-capability level-1
area-id 49.0051
interface "system"
exit
interface "E_C1"
interface-type point-to-point
exit
interface "E_A1"
exit
-----------------------------------------------------------

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 42

7. Change the other end of the link to point-to-point and note the packets that are exchanged
as the adjacency forms.

*A:Core_Pod1>config>router>isis# info

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----------------------------------------------
area-id 49.0001
authentication-key "B8KjnQ7FUVsaiZJg8TjroibV7dti5iHF" hash2
authentication-type password
interface "system"
exit
interface "C_E1"
interface-type point-to-point
exit
interface "C1_C2"
exit
interface "C1_C3"
exit
interface "C1_C4"
exit
-----------------------------------------------------------

Verification
1. Verify that all the expected adjacencies are formed with authentication.
2. Verify that the expected routes are in the routing table.
3. Using ping, verify connectivity to the other edge routers from your edge router.

Questions
1. Approximately how many packets are required to establish the adjacency?

2. Draw a time/sequence diagram that shows the packets exchanged to establish an

adjacency.

3. Which packets are being exchanged when authentication fails?

4. Which state are the routers stuck in if the authentication password does not match?

5. Which packets are being exchanged when the adjacency fails because the link types do not
match?

6. Which state are the routers stuck in when the link types do not match?

7. Draw a time/sequence diagram that shows the packets exchanged to establish an

adjacency on a point-to-point link.

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 43

Exercise 6.3 Broadcast and VPLS

Objective

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Configure VPLS connections between the routers in a given Pod and examine the Intermediate
System election in a broadcast networks in ISIS.

Figure 6-2: Physical Connectivity

Figure 6-3: ISIS VPLS Connection

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 44

 Alcatel-Lucent Confidential for Internal Use ONLY - Do Not Distribute
Figure 6-4: ISIS VPLS Configuration

Exercise
8. In this exercise, students will work in two groups, one group will configure a VPLS on the
upper pods, and the second group will do the same on the lower pods. The VPLS will be
configured on the edge routers. The three routers participating in the service will be a
core, access, and the opposite pod edge router. Use the same VPLS ID for all SAPs. Notice
the change to the interface IP addresses on the access, core and opposite pod edge routers
towards the VPLS on the edge router to be /29 from /30. Use the following commands to
create the VPLS connection between the routers.

*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/1 shutdown

*A:Edge_Pod1# configure router interface E1_C1 no port
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/1 ethernet mode access
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/1 no shutdown
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure service vpls 100 customer 1 create
*A:Edge_Pod1>config>service>vpls$ sap 1/1/1 create
*A:Edge_Pod1>config>service>vpls>sap$ exit all
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/2 shutdown
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure router interface E1_A1 no port
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/2 ethernet mode access
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/2 no shutdown
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure service vpls 100 customer 1 create
*A:Edge_Pod1>config>service>vpls# sap 1/1/2 create
A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/3 shutdown
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure router interface E1_E2 no port
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/3 ethernet mode access
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure port 1/1/3 no shutdown
*A:Edge_Pod1# configure service vpls 100 customer 1 create
*A:Edge_Pod1>config>service>vpls# sap 1/1/3 create

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 45

 Verify the VPLS is operational.

*A:Core_Pod1# show service id 100 base

===========================================================
Service Basic Information

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===========================================================
Service Id : 100 Vpn Id : 0
Service Type : VPLS
Customer Id : 1
Last Status Change: 05/03/2010 13:14:50
Last Mgmt Change : 05/03/2010 13:15:22
Admin State : Up Oper State : Up
MTU : 1514 Def. Mesh VC Id : 100
SAP Count : 3 SDP Bind Count : 0
Snd Flush on Fail : Disabled Host Conn Verify : Disabled
Propagate MacFlush: Disabled
Def. Gateway IP : None
Def. Gateway MAC : None

-----------------------------------------------------------
Service Access & Destination Points
-----------------------------------------------------------
Identifier Type AdmMTU OprMTU Adm Opr
-----------------------------------------------------------
sap:1/1/1 null 1514 1514 Up Up
sap:1/1/2 null 1514 1514 Up Up
sap:1/1/3 null 1514 1514 Up Up

9. Configure the ISIS interfaces between the routers as broadcast.

*A:Core_Pod1>config>router>isis>area# interface C1_E1

*A:Core_Pod1>config>router>isis>area>if# interface-type broadcast
*A:Core_Pod1>config>router>isis>area# interface A1_E1
*A:Core_Pod1>config>router>isis>area>if# interface-type broadcast
*A:Core_Pod1>config>router>isis>area# interface E2_E1
*A:Core_Pod1>config>router>isis>area>if# interface-type broadcast

10. Determine which is the DIS

*A:Core_Pod1# show router isis interface detail

11. Check your routing table to verify that you have routes to all networks.
12. From the access router, ping the system interfaces of the other core routers to verify
connectivity.

Verification
13. Verify your routing configuration by examining the ISIS tables on all routers.
14. Ensure that all networks propagate to peers just as they did in the previous lab.
15. Verify connectivity by issuing the traceroute and ping commands.
16. Use the ISIS show commands to examine the databases for accuracy.
17. How many routes are in your routing table?

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 46

Exercise 6.4 Configuring IS-IS for multiple areas

Objective

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Optimize the IS-IS routing environment by creating areas for each pod.

Figure 6-5: IS-IS multiple area network

Exercise
1. Verify IS-IS operation in a single area.
2. Remove the current implementation of IS-IS.
3. Activate IS-IS in the correct area, as shown in Figure 6-5. Implement only the required level
of IS-IS, based on the type of router you are configuring (L1, L2, or L1/L2).

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 47

 *A:Core_Pod1>config>router>isis# info
----------------------------------------------
area-id 49.0051
authentication-key "B8KjnQ7FUVsaiZJg8TjroibV7dti5iHF" hash2
authentication-type password
interface "system"

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exit
interface "C_E1"
level-capability level-1
exit
interface "C1_C2"
level-capability level-2
exit
interface "C1_C3"
level-capability level-2
exit
interface "C1_C4"
level-capability level-2
exit
----------------------------------------------

4. Ensure that each interface is only running the level of IS-IS required, and not both L1 and
L2 unless it is specifically required to.

Verification
1. Verify your routing policies by examining the IS-IS tables on all routers.
2. Ensure that all networks propagate to peers just as they did prior to this lab.
3. Verify connectivity by issuing the traceroute and ping commands.
4. Use the show router isis and show router route commands to verify the operation of
IS-IS on your routers.
5. How many routes are in your routing table?

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 48

Exercise 6.5 Implementing route summarization per area

Objective

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Summarize the addresses being advertised from your pod as they are sent to the core routers in
the other pods.

Exercise
1. Using the summary-address command, implement summarization on your core routers.
2. Ensure that this summary is only advertised using L2 updates, not L1 updates.

*A:Core_Pod3>config>router>isis# info
----------------------------------------------
area-id 49.0002
summary-address 172.18.0.0/16 level-2
interface "system"
exit
interface "C3_C1"
level-capability level-2
exit
interface "C3_C2"
exit
interface "C3_C4"
level-capability level-1
exit
-----------------------------------------------------------

Verification
1. Verify your routing policies by examining the IS-IS tables on all routers.
2. Ensure that the summary networks propagate to the peer core routers.
3. Verify connectivity by issuing the traceroute and ping commands.
4. Use the IS-IS show commands to examine the databases for accuracy.
5. How many routes are in your core and edge routers? Why?

Questions
1. What is the default level that is set on a router?

2. Which level should a router that connects multiple areas be set to?

3. A router that connects to only those routers in its area should be set to which level? (L1,
L2, or L1/L2)

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 49

 Notes

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3

50
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Lab 7 Route Redistribution
Objective

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Configure multiple routing protocols in the network and then create a redistribution policy,
applying it to those protocols to ensure that all networks are learned by all routers.

Figure 7-1: Route redistribution

Exercise
As shown in Figure 7-1, you will create a separate OSPF area for each edge and access routers
and a portion of the core router (ASBR). The core routers will be interconnected using IS-IS
area ID 49.0000. When the core routers see both OSPF and IS-IS routes, you will create a policy
to redistribute OSPF into IS-IS and IS-IS into OSPF.
1. Remove the IS-IS routing protocol from the edge and access routers.

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 51

2. Configure the edge and access routers as OSPF routers. The area number is your pod
number, and all interfaces will be in that area.

*A:Edge_Pod1> config>router>ospf#> info

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area 0.0.0.1
interface "system"
exit
interface "E1_C1"
exit
interface "loopback1"
exit
interface "loopback2"
exit
interface "E1_A1"
exit
exit

3. Remove the current IS-IS area from the core router and enter the new IS-IS area (49.0000).
4. Configure OSPF on the core router, using the same area number as the edge and access
routers.
5. Remove the interface that connects the core to the edge from the IS-IS routing protocol
and enter it into the OSPF routing protocol.
6. Ensure that the IS-IS routing process on the core router has an L1/L2 capability. To
redistribute routes from another routing protocol, IS-IS must have an L2 capability.
7. On the core router, enter into the OSPF routing process and configure the core as an ASBR.
As previously discussed, the ASBR is the only OSPF router that can connect to another
routing protocol.

*A:Core_Pod1> config>router>ospf# asbr

This has prepared the network.

8. Examine the routing table of the core router and ensure that it has learned both OSPF and
IS-IS routes.
9. Examine the status of the OSPF portion of the core router and ensure that it has been
configured as an ASBR.

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 52

10. Create a route policy on the core router that will take routing information from IS-IS to
OSPF and allow OSPF to accept these routes and export them to the other OSPF routers.
Then, create a route policy that will take routing information from OSPF to IS-IS and allow
IS-IS to accept these routes and export them to the other IS-IS routers.

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entry 10
from
protocol isis
exit
to
protocol ospf
exit
action accept
exit
exit
entry 20
from
protocol ospf
exit
to
protocol isis
exit
action accept
exit
exit
entry 30
from
protocol direct
exit
action accept
exit
exit

11. Apply the policy under the routing protocols to make it effective.
configure router ospf export <policy-name>
configure router isis export <policy-name>
12. Examine the routing table of the edge or access router and you should see all the networks.

A:Edge_Pod1> show router route-table

Verification
1. On the core router, verify that there are routes from IS-IS and OSPF in the routing table.
2. On the edge router, verify that all routes are in the routing table.
3. From the edge router, ping the other edge routers to verify connectivity across the
network.

Notes

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 53

Appendix A Answers to Lab Questions
Exercise 1.2

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Questions
1. Which command is used to ensure all ports are active?
The show port command identifies any and all ports and their operational statuses.
2. Which command can be used to determine the naming convention for the interfaces?
The show router interface command states this information.

Exercise 2.3

Questions
1. Which command was used to configure a static route to your remote peer?
The configure router static-route command accomplishes this task.
2. How can a floating static route become active?
When the path of lower preference is removed from the routing table, the floating static
route takes precedence.
3. What is the default preference value for a static route?
The default preference value for static routes is 5.

Exercise 4.1

Questions
1. What is another term for area 0.0.0.0?
The backbone area
2. Which command is used to confirm that OSPF is working correctly?
The show router ospf command provides enough information to validate if OSPF is
working on the router.
3. How is cost calculated on an interface by default?
The default reference bandwidth is 100,000,000 kb/s divided by the bandwidth of the
interface.

Exercise 4.2

Questions
1. Which of the two routers in your pod is the DR?
2. Which state are the routers in if the link type does not match?
The router would be in the initializing state

3. How are the type 1 and type 2 LSAs labeled in the database?
Router and network

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 54

Exercise 4.3

Questions
1. Which packets are being exchanged when authentication fails?

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Only hello packets will be exchanged, routers have to agree on the authentication before
they can be neighbors

2. Which state are the routers in if the authentication password does not match?
Initializing state

Exercise 5.1

Questions
1. What type of router connects more than one area together?
An ABR connects more than one area together.
2. Which types of LSAs exist in a multi-area network that are not in a single area OSPF
network?
Type 3,4, 5 and 7

Exercise 5.2

Questions
1. Which type of router connects to non-OSPF routing domains?
ASBR

2. Which type of LSAs exist in an OSPF network connected to other routing domains that are
not in an OSPF-only network?
Type 5

Exercise 5.3

Question
1. What changes occur when the network is converted to a stub area?
A default route 0.0.0.0/0 will be added to the database, and no external routes are
allowed into the area

Exercise 5.4

Questions
1. What changes occur when the stub area is configured with no summaries?
No summary routes will be allowed to the area, instead the default route will be used

2. What is the effect on the rest of the network of implementing summarization on your ABR?
Reduces the size of network routing tables and LSA traffic

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 55

Exercise 5.5

Questions
1. What changes occur when the network is converted to an NSSA?

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The network would allow type 7 to be transmitted through it, and it will be converted to
type 5 LSA at the ABR

2. What is the effect of the no summaries command on the NSSA?

Type 3 LSA would not be allowed into the area

Exercise 5.6

Question
1. Why are there so many more LSAs in the router databases after the virtual link is
implemented?
Virtual link would allow the connection of new are into the backbone area, and therefore
new LSAs will be added to the database

Exercise 6.1

Questions
1. IS-IS is what type of routing protocol?
IS-IS is a link-state routing protocol.
2. What is the default cost for each link in an IS-IS network?
The default cost for each network segment is 10.
3. What does “area 49” denote in IS-IS?
Area 49 denotes that a locally administered area addressing scheme is in use, not one
allocated by a government authority. This is the most common implementation in IS-IS.

Exercise 6.2

Questions
1. Draw a time/sequence diagram that shows the packets exchanged to establish an
adjacency.

2. Which packets are being exchanged when authentication fails?

Hello packets

3. Which state are the routers stick in if the authentication password does not match?
Down state

4. Which packets are being exchanged when the adjacency fails because the link types do not
match?
Hello packets, different hello packets are sent on broadcast and point to point links

5. Which state are the routers stuck in when the link types do not match?
Down state

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 56

6. Draw a time/sequence diagram that shows the packets exchanged to establish an
adjacency on a point-to-point link.

Exercise 6.4

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Questions
1. What is the default level that is set on a router?
The default level of a route is L1/L2.
2. Which level should a router that connects multiple areas be set to?
A router that only connects between other areas should be set to L2.
3. A router that connects to only those routers in its area should be set to which level (L1, L2,
or L1/L2?
A router that connects to only routers in its own area should be configured as an L1
router.

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 57

Appendix B Lab Solutions
The configurations on the following pages are sample solutions for Pod 1. Other solutions are
possible.

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Verification commands
Use the commands in Table 8-1 for verification of the lab exercises. Use the subcommands for
more detailed information. Other commands may also be used. Refer to your courseware for
more information.

Command Results
Admin display-config Shows the router configuration
show router route Shows the routing table
configure router# info Provides information about the configuration of your
router
show router isis Provides information about the IS-IS process
show route ospf Provides information about the OSPF protocol attributes
show router vrrp Shows the VRRP process
show router vrrp instance interface Provides VRRP information about a specific interface
XXX
show cflowd Provides information about the cflowd operation
show filter Shows the status of the filter you created
trace Traces the path being taken
ping Sends ICMP echo packets

Table 8-1: Lab verification commands

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 58

Exercise 1.2
Configure IP addressing and define the interfaces on your pod’s routers:

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Core-Pod1>config>router# interface "system"
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# address 172.16.1.1/32
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# exit
Core-Pod1> config>router# interface "loopback"
Core-Pod1> config>router>if$ address 172.16.1.2/32
Core-Pod1> config>router>if$ loopback
Core-Pod1> config>router>if$ exit
Core-Pod1>config>router# interface "C1-E1”
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# address 172.16.2.1/30
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# port 1/1/1
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# no shutdown
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router# interface "C1-C2”
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# address 172.31.1.1/30
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# port 1/1/2
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# no shutdown
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router# interface "C1-C3”
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# address 172.31.2.1/30
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# port 1/1/3
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# no shutdown
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router# interface "C1-C4”
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# address 172.31.3.1/30
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# port 1/1/4
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# no shutdown
Core-Pod1>config>router>if# exit

Exercise 2.1
Configure a default static route on the edge router:

Edge-Pod1# configure router static-route 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 172.16.2.1

Exercise 2.3
Configure floating static routes and test them by shutting down the primary path. When
completed, activate the primary path:

configure router static-route 172.19.1.1/32 next-hop 172.31.1.2 preference 200

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 59

Exercise 3.1
Build a link state database for rtr1 that consist of the link state information from the other
routers in order to perform SPF calculation for a given path.

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Rtr1 link state packet
Rtr1 to rtr2 10
Rtr1 to rtr3 20
Rtr2 link state packet
Rtr2 to rtr1 10
Rtr2 to rtr3 20
Rtr2 to rtr4 5
Rtr3link state packet
Rtr3 to rtr1 20
Rtr3 to rtr2 20
Rtr3 to rtr5 20
Rtr4 link state packet
Rtr4 to rtr2 5
Rtr4 to rtr5 80
Rtr5 link state packet
Rtr5 to rtr4 80
Rtr5 to rtr3 20

Exercise 4.1
Configure OSPF on your pod routers:

Configure OSPF
Edge-Pod1>config>router# ospf
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf$ area 0.0.0.0
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area$ interface E1-C1
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if$ exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area$ interface E1-A1
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if$ exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface EL-1
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if$ exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface EL-2
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if$ exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface system
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if$ exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area#

Core-Pod1>config>router# ospf
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf$ area 0.0.0.0
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area$ interface C-E
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if$ exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface C1-C2
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if$ exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface C1-C3
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if$ exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface C1-C4
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if$ exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface CL-1

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 60

Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if$ exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface CL-2
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if$ exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface system
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if$

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Exercise 5.1
Change to an OSPF multiple-area topology, and implement summarization:

Modify the core router

Core-Pod1>config>router# ospf
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf# area 0.0.0.0
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface "C1-C2"
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface "C1-C3"
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface "C1-C4"
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area$ interface "system"
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if$ exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface "CL-1"
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface "CL-2"
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf# area 0.0.0.1
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface "C1-E1"
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if# exit

Modify the edge router

Edge-Pod1>config>router# ospf
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf# area 0.0.0.1
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area$ interface "E1-C1"
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if$ exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface "system"
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if# exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface "EL-1"
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if# exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface "EL-2"
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if# exit

Exercise 5.3
Configure your area as a stub and then an enhanced stub configuration:

Edge-Pod1# configure router ospf

Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf# area 0.0.0.1
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# stub
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>stub#

Core-Pod1# configure router ospf

Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf# area 0.0.0.1
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# stub

Exercise 5.4
Configure your area as a stub with no summaries and with network summarization:

Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# stub no summaries

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 61

Summarize the areas
Core-Pod1# configure router ospf
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf# area 0.0.0.0
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# area-range 172.31.0.0/30

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Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf# area 0.0.0.1
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# area-range 172.16.0.0/16

Exercise 5.5
Change to an NSSA and subsequently to an enhanced NSSA configuration:

Edge-Pod1# configure router ospf

Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf# area 0.0.0.1
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# nssa
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>nssa#

Core-Pod1>config>router# ospf
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf# area 0.0.0.1
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# nssa

Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# nssa no summaries

Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# nssa originate-default-route

Exercise 5.6
Remove NSSA and configure a virtual link:

Core-Pod1>config>router# ospf
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf# area 0.0.0.1
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# no nssa
Core-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# virtual-link 172.16.8.1 transit-area 0.0.0.1

Edge-Pod1# configure router ospf

Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf# area 0.0.0.1
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# no nssa
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf# area 1.1.1.1
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface "EL-1"
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if# exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area# interface "EL-2"
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area>if# exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf# area 0.0.0.0
Edge-Pod1>config>router>ospf>area$ virtual-link 172.16.1.1 transit-area 0.0.0.1

Exercise 6.1
Configure IS-IS for a single area:

Core-Pod1# configure router isis

Core-Pod1>config>router>isis$ area-id 49.0051
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface C1-E1
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface C1-C2
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface C1-C3
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface C1-C4
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface CL-1
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface CL-2

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 62

Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# exit

Edge-Pod1>config>router# isis
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis$ area-id 49.0051

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Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis$ interface E1-C1
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis>if$ exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface EL-1
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface EL-2
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface system
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit

Exercise 6.2
Implement authentication for IS-IS updates:

Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# authentication-type message-digest

Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# authentication-key Alcatel

Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis# authentication-type message-digest

Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis# authentication-key Alcatel

Exercise 6.3
Migrate to a multiple-area IS-IS configuration:

Core-Pod1>config>router# isis
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# shutdown
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router# no isis
Core-Pod1# configure router isis
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# area-id 40.0001
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface system
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface CL-1
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface CL-2
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface C-E
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# level-capability level-1
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface C1-C2
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# level-capability level-2
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface C1-C3
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# level-capability level-2
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface C1-C4
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# level-capability level-2
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Core-Pod1>config>router>isis#

Edge-Pod1>config>router# isis
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis# shutdown
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis# exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router# no isis
Edge-Pod1>config>router# isis
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis$ area-id 49.0001
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis$ level-capability level-1
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis$ interface E1-C1

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 63

Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis>if$ exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface EL-1
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface EL-2
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit

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Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface system
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# exit
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis# interface E1-C1
Edge-Pod1>config>router>isis>if# level-capability level-1

Exercise 6.4
Configure summary advertisements on the core router for your pod area:

Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# summary-address 172.16.0.0/16 level-2

Core-Pod1>config>router>isis# exit

http: / /www.alcatel-lucent.com

Alcatel-Lucent Interior Routing Protocols Lab Guide v2.3 64