Volume 3, Issue 5, May – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

Development of a Computerised Management

Information System:a Research on Impact of
Management Information System on School
Administration
Nuhu Umar Mukail, Odo Crescent Onyema
Department of Computer Science Nasarawa State Polytechnic, Lafia

Abstract:- This study aimed to develop and implement A management information system (MIS) is a set of
management information system for Nasarawa State systems and procedures that gather data from a range of
polytechnic lafia and thus determine its impact on school sources, compile it and present it in a readable format.
administration. Stratified random samplingwas adopted Managers use an MIS to create reports that provide them with a
to sample the target population.Questionnaire and comprehensive overview of all the information they need to
interview were the data gathering instruments used.This make decisions. Today's management information systems rely
study established that management information system largely on technology to compile and present data (David
is very effective in carrying out series of administrative Ingram, 2018).
and managerial activities within the institution
compared to the manual system currently in use. The Nwankwo (1985), described Management information
respondents opined positively regarding the effectiveness system (MIS) as the combination of human and computer based
and the impacts of MIS in different activities it was resources that results in the collection, storage, retrieval,
employed during the implementation phase of the new communication and use of data for the purpose of efficient
system (MIS). Improvement in productivity, management of operations in an organization.
registrations, performance of duties and decision making
were the key areas of success recorded as a result of The use of management information system in
MIS. The study recommendedthat, MIS should be fully educational management and administration has rapidly
adopted by Nasarawa State Polytechnic lafia. And that, increased due to its efficiency and effectiveness. In an
there should be training and retraining of staff and academic institution, MIS comprises of the admission system,
students on the use of the MIS package. financial or payroll system, human resource system, academic
information system, lecture and examination time tabling
Key word:- MIS; Institution; ICT. system, electronic learning system, inventory control system
and students’ information system.
I. INTRODUCTION
School managers who used to spend large amount of
Advancement in technology has cut across every facets of time in solving complex problemssuch as staff allocation,
life. The role of innovative technologies in today’s competitive resource allocation, timetabling, semester and course
society cannot be overemphasized. The success recorded in registrations, school fees payment etchave now better options
educational administration in various academic institutions due to enhanced technologies.
across the globe won’t bein place without the involvement of
innovative technologies. One instance of these technologies is Laudon & Laudon (2009), described information
the management information system (MIS). Information is a systems as set of interrelated components that collect, process,
life-wire of any organization, be it academic or otherwise. The store, and distribute information to support decision-making in
manner through which information is propagated in an an organization.
organization determines the overall wellbeing of the
organization. Every academic institution has got a number of
objectives and this determines the kind of MIS package to be
Management information system refers to a adopted in the institution. MIS has been proved to facilitate
computer-based system that provides managers with the tools to administrative functionsin an institution and consequently
organise evaluate and efficiently manage departments within an creates a platform for increased productivity, efficiency and
organization. In order to provide past, present and prediction effectiveness.
information, a management information system can include
software that helps in decision making, data resources such as Nasarawa State Polytechnic lafia, for years has not fully
databases, the hardware resources, decision support systems, keyed into this innovative system. It is on this premise that,this
people management and project management applications, and study seeks to develop an MIS application (Administrative
any computerised processes that enable the department to run System) for Nasarawa State Polytechnic Lafia; implement it for
efficiently (Vangie, 2018). a period of one session and thus determines its impacts on
school administration.

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Volume 3, Issue 5, May – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
The study will critically address the following research and stored data can easily be accessed and analysed without
question: time consuming manipulation and processing (Pathak,
 What are the impacts of MIS on school administration? 2011).
(Registrations, result processing, requisition orders, To this end, this study aimed to establish the impact
students and staff record management,) of MIS, as well as its perceived benefits with particular
reference to Nasarawa State Polytechnic, Lafia.
II. REVIEW OF LITERATURES
III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Educational institutions across the globe nowadays
are facing the need to adapt to a rapidly changing platform, This section discusses the research design, population
in which technology is both the main cause of change and a of study, sampling technique, instrument for data collection
tool for dealing with the change (Shoham& Perry, 2009). and analysis.
Rapid advancement in technology has changed entirely the
ways things are done in all levels of human endeavours. A. Research Design
Many institutions of learning these days have embraced this The researchers chose a survey research design. The
technological advancement with lots of vigor and have survey research is one in which a group of people or items is
involved information system in their overall activities. The studied by collecting and analyzing data from only a few
main essence of information system is to convert data into people or items considered to be representative of the entire
information. Information is the backbone of any group. In other words, only a part of the population is
organization so; the manner through which information is studied, and findings from this are expected to be
propagated in an organization is a matter of concern. If generalized to the entire population (Nworgu, 1999).
information is well managed in an organization, then such
organization is set for success. Gone are the days of B. Population of Study
conventional approach as MIS packages are readily Polit and Hungler (1999), referred to population as an
available in different fashion and according to aggregate or totality of all the objects, subjects or members
specifications. that conform to a set of specifications. For the purpose of
this study, the target population includes staff and students
Frenzel&Frenzel (2004),stated that MIS provides a focused of Nasarawa State Polytechnic lafia. While the accessible
view of information flow as it develops during the course of populations are staff and students selected at random from
business activities.He furthermore, stated that Information two departments. In this study, the accessible population
dissemination in an organization is critical for the comprised of 50 students and 15 staff in computer science
completion of tasks or activities and this provides an avenue department; 70 students and 20 staff in the department of
for an informed decision. Science Laboratory Technology.

According to Shoham& Perry (2009), the impacts of C. Sample Selection

ICT generally in organizations are complex and significant That portion of the population under study is called a
both as a creator of change and as a tool for dealing with the sample of the population (Nworgu, 1991).
change.
A sample in this study is therefore, a smaller group of
Oliveira et al. (2011) noted that, institutions are elements drawn through a definite procedure from an
resorting to technology to enhance and simplify information accessible population. The elements making up this sample
management. are those that are actually studied. The population of this
Ramachandra & Srinivas (2012) stated that,MIS plays a study stood at 35 staff and 120 students making a total of
crucial role in the management of anorganization. They 155 respondents out of a total population of 575 individuals
further stated that, the benefits of using MIS includes (staff and students)
improving the effectiveness of anorganization, ensuring
effective and efficient use of resources and promoting D. Sampling Technique
proactive management. The stratified random sampling procedure was used
for selecting the participants in this study. This technique
According to Husain, K.M (1973), Management was employed to ensure a fairly equalrepresentation of the
information system supplies educational decision makers sample. The stratification was based on ICT related
with facts and enhances their overall decision making department and non ICT related department in Nasarawa
process. It provides accurate and timely information to all State Polytechnic lafia. Within each section, selection of
levels of decision making in an organization. staff and students were by simple random sampling. This
was achieved by writing out the names of the staff and
Nasarawa State polytechnic, lafia has continually students in pieces of paper which was folded and put in a
experienced a significant increase in students’ enrolment basket. After thorough reshuffling, the researchers selected
since its inception, leading to the institution needing to elements, recorded them and puts them back in the basket
incorporate MIS to accommodate the implications of such until the required number were obtained. That is, the
growth.The use of management information systems researchers applied sampling with replacement.
encourages decentralisation, thereby strengthening Proportionate stratified random sampling technique was
management controls. MIS means cost benefits, time-saving employed to select 50 students and 10 school staff from the
two departments chosen. The proportionate stratification

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Volume 3, Issue 5, May – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
was based on the fact that, there were more students and institution, which gave similar conditions to a controlled
staff in SLT than computer science department environment.

E. Data collection and analysis Categories Quantity Quantity Percentage

The data for this study were gathered through primary Sent Received Response
and secondary sources. The primary sources involved the Staff 35 34 95%
use of questionnaire and interview while the secondary Respondents
sources included information gotten from journals, online Students 120 115 85%
articles and blogs, newspaper,and text books. The Respondents
questionnaire was pilot tested to check how long it will take Total 155 149 90%
to complete it and to ensure that all questions and Table 1. Percentage Response
instructions are clear.

IV. PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS A. The use of MIS inSchool Administration

The percentage response is presented in Table 1, and  Students’ Registration

it shows the rate of responsesby the two categories of The respondents (staff and students) were asked to
respondents involved in this study (staff and students). The state their opinions about MIS especially in the area of
response rate for staff is 95%, whilst the response rate for administrativesystems such as course registration, semester
the students is 85%. The staff responded better than the registration etc..This was to ascertain the impacts of MIS on
students. The response rate for this study is quite okay and departmental administrations. The findings are presented in
this is because the study was carried out in a single Table 2:

Facilitating registrations 1-Very Poor 2-Poor 3-Fair 4-Good 5-Very Good 6-Not sure
Students 0% 0% 0% 26 74% 0%
Staff 0% 0% 0% 20 80% 0%
Table 2. Facilitating students’ registrations

Table 2 represents the opinions of the respondents registrations), while 20% of the respondents (staff) opined
regarding the performance of management information that MIS is good at students’ registrations.
system on students’ registration. The result showed that
74% of the respondents (students) agreed that MIS is very  Result Processing
good at students’ registration processes; 26% were of the The Staff (respondents) were asked to state their
opinion that MIS is good at students’ registrations. 80% of opinions about the performance of MIS on students’ result
the respondent (staff) agreed that MIS is very good at processing. The findings are contained in Table 3.
students’ registrations (semester, departmental and course
Result 1-Very 2- 3-Fair 4-Good 5-Very 6-Not
processing Poor Poor Good sure
Frequency 0% 0% 0% 3 6 1%
Percentage 0% 0% 0% 30% 60% 10%
Table 3. Facilitating the processing of students result

Table 2 shows the opinions of staff respondent on  Inventory Control (store record)
performance of MIS in result processing 60% stated that The staff (respondents) were also asked to state their
MIS is very good at result processing, 30% opined that opinions about the performance of MIS in inventory
MIS is good at resultprocessing. 10% of the respondents control and management. The findings arepresented in
were not sure about the impacts of MIS on result Table 4.
processing.

Inventory control 1-Verypoor 2-Poor 3-Fair 4-Good 5-Verygood 6-Notsure

Frequency 0 0 18 0 3 7 0

Percentage 0% 0% 0% 30% 70% 0%

Table 4. Inventory Control

The respondent believes that MIS is very good at
inventory control; this can be deduced from the 70% very

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Volume 3, Issue 5, May – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
good opinions of the respondents and 30% good opinions of This question sought to find out the extent to which
the respondents view the impact of the MIS on record keeping
(students and staff record). Both groups were asked to
 MIS is effective inrecord management (staff and agree or disagree with a statement, and the findings are
students) presented in Table 5.

MIS is effective in record management

StronglyDisagree Disagree Neutral Agree StronglyAgree

Staff 0% 0% 0% 25.22% 74.78%

Students 0% 0% 0% 22.22% 77.78%

Table 5. Improving Record Keeping

The findings showed25% of the respondents Benefits Frequency Percentage

(students) agreed that MIS is effective in record Convenience in 5 31.25%
management; 75% of the respondents (students) strongly registrations
agreed that MIS is very effective in record management. E-learning platform 2 12.50%
22% of the respondents (staff) agreed that MIS is effective
Online result checking 3 18.75%
in record management while 78% of the respondents (staff)
strongly agreed that MIS is effective in record management. E-Examination 6 37.50%
B. Benefits of MIS in academic activities Total 16 100%
This section seeks to identify the impacts of MIS in Table 7. Benefits of MIS (Students)
Nasarawa State Polytechnic, Lafia
The most popular benefit identified by the
 The key impacts of MIS on school administration respondents (students) was that of the E-examination. 38
The respondents (staff and students) were asked to state Percent of the respondents (students) stated that they have
their opinions about MIS especially in the aspect of daily their examination as a result of the MIS. According to the
academic activities. Their responses are captured in Table 6. respondents, this has helped them to widen their horizon in
ICT.31 percent of the opined that MISmade their
registrations (semester and course registrations). 31% of
the responses indicated that, their tasks of registrations
were made easierbecause of the use of MIS. 19% of the
responses identifiedthat through MIS, their result are made
available online, whilst only 13% of the responses
indicated that MIS facilitates E-learning thereby making
them learn interactively and in a self paced manner.

C. Summary of Findings
In this section the empirical findings of the study
were presented. The percentage response of staff was 95%
Table 6. Benefits of MIS (Staff) while hat of the student was 85%. This means that, the staff
respondents demonstrated higher response rate than the
The result showed that majority of the staff believed student respondents.
that MIS improves access to information and is very
accurate at facilitating informed decisions. This is shown The respondents rated the impacts of MIS on
by the 30% responses in the table. Proper record administrative task functions generally. First of all, The
management is seen as the next key benefit of employing respondents rated the performance of MIS on students’
MIS, with a 20% representation amongst respondents. The registrations. The result showed that 74% of the respondents
other benefits identified are time saving and reduction of (students) agreed that MIS made registrations easy for them
paper work, which were each selected by 10% of the and that MIS is very good at students’ registrations; 26% of
respondents. the respondents were of the opinion that MIS is good at
students’ registrations. 80% of the respondent (staff) agreed
The students also identified some benefits of that MIS is very good at students’ registrations (semester,
management information system. These are outlined in departmental and course registrations); while 20% of the
Table 7. respondents (staff) also opined that MIS is good at students’
registrations.

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Volume 3, Issue 5, May – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Moreover, the respondents (staff) were asked about This study further identified benefits of MIS as
their perception of MIS on result processing. The results time-saving, improved convenience especially in course
obtained showedthat60percent of the respondent (staff) and semester registrations, proper record management,
believed that MIS is very good at result processing while portable online admission system, electronic learning
30% opined that MIS is good at result processing; 10% of platform, automatic time tabling system, human resource
the respondents were not sure about the effectiveness of management, automated course allocation system,
MIS in result processing. automated inventory system and reduction of paper work.

Furthermore, the respondents (Staff) rated the The respondents (staff) also believed that MIS helps
performance of MIS in inventory control. The findings to enhance management control.
revealed that 70 percent of the respondents believed that
inventory control system became much better in MIS while It is recommended that Nasarawa State Polytechnic,
30 percent also agreed that MIS is fantastic in inventory lafia shouldadoptthis wonderful utility (management
control. information system) as this will go a long way in correcting
all the abnormalities associated with the manual system
The respondents (staff) agreed by 25 percent and currently in place.We recommend that, there should be
strongly agreed by 75 percent that, MIS is effective and training and retraining of users on the use and the
very efficient in managing staff record. The category two functionality of the utility.
respondents (students) also agreed by 22 percent and
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