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2108 Homework 1

This document contains the announcement for Homework 1 of the Mathematical Analysis I course at the National University of Singapore. It provides instructions on submitting the homework and notes there will be 4 homework assignments throughout the semester. 15% of the course grade will be based on the homework. The document also contains 5 problems to answer for Homework 1 covering topics like bounds of sets, intervals, and rational and irrational numbers. Suggestions for approaching each problem are provided.

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Wong Jiayang
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70 views

2108 Homework 1

This document contains the announcement for Homework 1 of the Mathematical Analysis I course at the National University of Singapore. It provides instructions on submitting the homework and notes there will be 4 homework assignments throughout the semester. 15% of the course grade will be based on the homework. The document also contains 5 problems to answer for Homework 1 covering topics like bounds of sets, intervals, and rational and irrational numbers. Suggestions for approaching each problem are provided.

Uploaded by

Wong Jiayang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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National University of Singapore

Department of Mathematics
2017/2018 Semester 2 MA2108 Mathematical Analysis I Homework 1
Announcement: • Homework 1 will be due on Monday 19 February 2018,
and it is to be submitted during the lecture class. Late homework will NOT be
accepted.
• Please write LEGIBLY your Name, Student ID Number and Tutorial Group
Number (T01/T02/T03/T04/T05) on the front page of your homework. Make
sure that your homework is properly stapled, if applicable.
• There will be 4 homework this semester. Overall 15% of the assessment of
the module will be based on the homework, and it will be based on the top 3
scores of your 4 homework scores. In other words, the lowest score among
your 4 homework scores will be discarded.
• Tentative due date for Homework 2: Thursday 8 March 2018
• Tentative due date for Homework 3: Monday 26 March 2018
• Tentative due date for Homework 4: Monday 9 April 2018
Answer all 5 questions.
n 12 o
1. Consider the set A = x ∈ R : x > .
2x + 5
(a) Determine whether sup A exists in R, and determine its value if it exists.
Justify your answer.
(b) Determine whether inf A exists in R, and determine its value if it exists.
Justify your answer.
2. Let S and T be two non-empty bounded set of real numbers, and let
W = {s − t : s ∈ S and t ∈ T }.

(a) Give an example such that


sup W , sup S − sup T.
(b) Show that
sup W = sup S − inf T.
1
3. Let X and Y be two non-empty bounded set of real numbers.
(i) Show that X ∪ Y is bounded.
(ii) Show that
inf X ∪ Y = min {inf X, inf Y}.
(iii) Assume that X ∩ Y , ∅. Is it true that

inf X ∩ Y = max {inf X, inf Y}?

Justify your answer.


4. Let I be an interval. Suppose I is not bounded below, and I is bounded
above, but sup I < I. Show that

I = (−∞, c), where c = sup I.

[Remark: Recall from Lecture Notes Definition 2.5.1 that an interval I is


a subset of R with the property that if x < t < y and x, y ∈ I, then t ∈ I.
This question asks you to give a proof of Theorem 2.5.1 for the Case I(iii)
and Subcase2(i).]
5. Let a, b ∈ R be such that a < b.

(a) Use the Density Theorem to show that the open interval (a, b) contains
infinitely many rational numbers.

(b) Show that the open interval (a, b) contains an irrational number of the
form π · r, where r is some nonzero rational number. You may use freely
the fact that π is irrational.
(Remark: You may find several proofs of the fact that π is irrational in the
website https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof that %CF%80 is irrational)

(c) Deduce from (b) that the open interval (a, b) contains infinitely many
irrational numbers of the form π · r, where r is some nonzero rational
number.

2
Suggestions: 1. First determine the set A explicitly. 2. (a) The working is
similar to the example in page 27 of the lecture notes. 3(i) To show X ∪ Y
is bounded above, try to get an upper bound of X ∪ Y in terms of those of X
and Y. Similar for the lower bound. (ii) Try to verify that the number on the
right hand side satisfy (I-i) and (I-ii) for X ∪ Y. (iii) Try to look for a counter-
example with each set having only two elements. 4. The proof is similar to
the other cases of Theorem 2.5.1 proved in the lecture notes. 5. For Question
5(a), you may prove it by contradiction. Assume the interval (a, b) contains
only a finite number of rational numbers, say x1 , · · · , xn (so that (a, b) contains
exactly n rational numbers. Try to find another such number, which will lead
to a contradiction on the number of rational numbers in (a, b). (b) The proof is
similar to that of Corollary 2.4.7. (c) The proof is similar to (a).

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