List of experiments

1. Installation of NS3 in linux

2. Program in NS3 to connect two nodes
3. Program in NS3 for connecting three nodes considering one node as a
central node.
4. Program in NS3 to implement star topology
5. Program in NS3 to implement a bus topology.
6. Program in NS3 for connecting multiple routers and nodes and building
a hybrid topology.
7. Installation and configuration of NetAnim
8. Program in NS3 to implement FTP using TCP bulk transfer.
9. Program in NS3 for connecting multiple routers and nodes and building
a hybrid topology and then calculating network performance
10. To analyse network traces using wireshark software.
 Chapter 1: Installation of NS3
Following are the basic steps which must be followed for installing NS3

1. Install prerequisite packages

2. Download ns3 codes

3. Build ns3

4. Validate ns3

Prerequisite packages for Linux are as follows:

1.Minimal requirements for Python: gcc g++ python

2. Debugging and GNU Scientific Library (GSL) support: gdbpython-dev
3. valgrind gsl-bin libgsl0-dev libgsl0ldbl Network Simulation Cradle (nsc): flex bison
Reading pcap packet traces: tcpdump
4.Database support for statistics framework: sqlite sqlite3
5. Xml-based version of the config store: libxml2
6.A GTK-based configuration system: libgtk2.0-0
7. Experimental with virtual machines and ns-3: vtun lxc

Detail steps are as follows:

1.sudo apt-get update / dnf update

2.sudo apt-get upgrade / dnf upgrade
3 Once ubuntu/fedora is installed run following command opening the terminal(ctrl+alt+T)
window.
4.To install prerequisites dependancy packages- Type the following command in terminal
window.

sudo apt-get/ dnf install gcc g++ python python-dev mercurial bzr gdb valgrind gsl-bin libgsl0-
dev libgsl0ldbl flex bison tcpdump sqlite sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev libxml2 libxml2-dev libgtk2.0-0
libgtk2.0-dev uncrustify doxygen graphviz imagemagick texlive texlive-latex-extra texlive-
generic-extra texlive-generic-recommended texinfo dia texlive texlive-latex-extra texlive-extra-
utils texlive-generic-recommended texi2html python-pygraphviz python-kiwi python-
pygoocanvas libgoocanvas-dev python-pygccxml
5.After downloading NS3 on the drive, extract all the files in the NS3 folder, which you have
created.

6.Then you can find build.py along with other files in NS3 folder.
Then to build the examples in ns-3 run :
./build.py --enable-examples –enable-tests
If the build is successful then it will give output
"Build finished successfully".
7. Now run the following command on the terminal window,to configure with waf(build tool)
./waf -d debug --enable-examples --enable-tests configure
To build with waf(optional)
./waf
8.To test everything allright run the following command on the terminal window,
./test.py
If the tests are ok the installation is done
9.Now after installing ns3 and testing it run some programs first to be ns3 user:

make sure you are in directory where waf script is available then run
 EXPERIMENT No.3
Program in NS3 to connect two nodes

Node
Because in any network simulation, we will need nodes. So ns-3 comes with NodeContainer that
you can use to manage all the nodes (Add, Create, Iterate, etc.).

// Create two nodes to hold.

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create (2);

Channel and NetDevice

In the real world, they correspond to network cables (or wireless media) and peripheral cards
(NIC). Typically these two things are intimately tied together. In the first example, we are
using PointToPointHelper that wraps the Channel and NetDevice.

// Channel: PointToPoint, a direct link with `DataRate` and `Delay` specified.

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue ("5Mbps"));

pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", StringValue ("2ms"));

Then we need to install the devices. The internal of Install is actually more complicated, but for
now, let’s just skip the magic behind the scene.

// NetDevice: installed onto the channel

NetDeviceContainer devices;

devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes);

Protocols
Internet and IPv4. Since Internet is the current largest network to study, ns-3 has a particular focus
on it. The InternetStackHelper will install an Internet Stack (TCP, UDP, IP, etc.) on each of the
nodes in the node container.

// Protocol Stack: Internet Stack

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install (nodes);

To assign IP addresses, use a helper and set the base. The low level ns-3 system actually
remembers all of the IP addresses allocated and will generate a fatal error if you accidentally
cause the same address to be generated twice.

// Since IP Address assignment is so common, the helper does the dirty work!

// You only need to set the base.

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase ("10.1.1.0", "255.255.255.0");

// Assign the address to devices we created above

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);

Applications
Every application needs to have Start and Stop function so that the simulator knows how to
schedule it. Other functions are application-specific. We will
use UdpEchoServer and UdpEchoClient for now.
// Application layer: UDP Echo Server and Client

// 1, Server:

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (nodes.Get (1));

serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));

serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

// 2, Client:

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (interfaces.GetAddress (1), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute ("MaxPackets", UintegerValue (1));

echoClient.SetAttribute ("Interval", TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute ("PacketSize", UintegerValue (1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (nodes.Get (0));

clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));

clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

Simulation
// Start Simulation

Simulator::Run ();

Simulator::Destroy ();

return 0;
 CODE:-

#include "ns3/core-module.h"
#include "ns3/network-module.h"
#include "ns3/internet-module.h"
#include "ns3/point-to-point-module.h"
#include "ns3/applications-module.h"

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("FirstScriptExample");

int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
Time::SetResolution (Time::NS);
LogComponentEnable ("UdpEchoClientApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);
LogComponentEnable ("UdpEchoServerApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create (2);

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;
pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue ("5Mbps"));
pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", StringValue ("2ms"));

NetDeviceContainer devices;
devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes);

InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install (nodes);

Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase ("10.1.1.0", "255.255.255.0");

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (nodes.Get (1));

serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (interfaces.GetAddress (1), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute ("MaxPackets", UintegerValue (1));
echoClient.SetAttribute ("Interval", TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));
echoClient.SetAttribute ("PacketSize", UintegerValue (1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (nodes.Get (0));

clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));
clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

Simulator::Run ();
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
 EXPERIMENT No.4

Programin NS3 for connecting three nodes considering one

as a central node.

#include "ns3/core-module.h"
#include "ns3/network-module.h"
#include "ns3/internet-module.h"
#include "ns3/point-to-point-module.h"
#include "ns3/applications-module.h"

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("FirstScriptExample");

int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
Time::SetResolution (Time::NS);
LogComponentEnable ("UdpEchoClientApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);
LogComponentEnable ("UdpEchoServerApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create (3);

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;
pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue ("5Mbps"));
pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", StringValue ("2ms"));

NetDeviceContainer devices, devices1;

devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.get(0),nodes.get(1));
devices1 = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.get(2),nodes.get(1));

InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install (nodes);

Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase ("10.1.1.0", "255.255.255.0");

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces1 = address.Assign (devices1);

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (90);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (nodes.Get (1));

serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (interfaces.GetAddress (1), 90);

echoClient.SetAttribute ("MaxPackets", UintegerValue (1));
echoClient.SetAttribute ("Interval", TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));
echoClient.SetAttribute ("PacketSize", UintegerValue (1024));
 ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (nodes.Get (0));
clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));
clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (interfaces1.GetAddress (1), 90);

echoClient.SetAttribute ("MaxPackets", UintegerValue (1));
echoClient.SetAttribute ("Interval", TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));
echoClient.SetAttribute ("PacketSize", UintegerValue (1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps1 = echoClient.Install (nodes.Get (2));

clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));
clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

Simulator::Run ();
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
 EXPERIMENT No.5

Programin NS3 to implement star topology

#include "ns3/core-module.h"
#include "ns3/network-module.h"
#include "ns3/netanim-module.h"
#include "ns3/internet-module.h"
#include "ns3/point-to-point-module.h"
#include "ns3/applications-module.h"
#include "ns3/point-to-point-layout-module.h"

// Network topology (default)

//
// n2 n3 n4 .
// \ | / .
// \|/ .
// n1--- n0---n5 .
// /|\ .
// / | \ .
// n8 n7 n6 .
//

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("Star");

int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{

//
// Set up some default values for the simulation.
//
Config::SetDefault ("ns3::OnOffApplication::PacketSize", UintegerValue (137));

// ??? try and stick 15kb/s into the data rate

Config::SetDefault ("ns3::OnOffApplication::DataRate", StringValue ("14kb/s"));

//
// Default number of nodes in the star. Overridable by command line argument.
//
uint32_t nSpokes = 8;

CommandLinecmd;
cmd.AddValue ("nSpokes", "Number of nodes to place in the star", nSpokes);
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);

NS_LOG_INFO ("Build star topology.");

PointToPointHelperpointToPoint;
pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue ("5Mbps"));
pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", StringValue ("2ms"));
PointToPointStarHelper star (nSpokes, pointToPoint);

NS_LOG_INFO ("Install internet stack on all nodes.");

 InternetStackHelper internet;
star.InstallStack (internet);

NS_LOG_INFO ("Assign IP Addresses.");

star.AssignIpv4Addresses (Ipv4AddressHelper ("10.1.1.0", "255.255.255.0"));

NS_LOG_INFO ("Create applications.");

//
// Create a packet sink on the star "hub" to receive packets.
//
uint16_t port = 50000;
Address hubLocalAddress (InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), port));
PacketSinkHelper packetSinkHelper ("ns3::TcpSocketFactory", hubLocalAddress);
ApplicationContainer hubApp = packetSinkHelper.Install (star.GetHub ());
hubApp.Start (Seconds (1.0));
hubApp.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

//
// Create OnOff applications to send TCP to the hub, one on each spoke node.
//
OnOffHelper onOffHelper ("ns3::TcpSocketFactory", Address ());
onOffHelper.SetAttribute ("OnTime", StringValue
("ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=1]"));
onOffHelper.SetAttribute ("OffTime", StringValue
("ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=0]"));

ApplicationContainer spokeApps;

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < star.SpokeCount (); ++i)

{
AddressValue remoteAddress (InetSocketAddress (star.GetHubIpv4Address (i), port));
onOffHelper.SetAttribute ("Remote", remoteAddress);
spokeApps.Add (onOffHelper.Install (star.GetSpokeNode (i)));
}
spokeApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
spokeApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
NS_LOG_INFO ("Enable static global routing.");
//
// Turn on global static routing so we can actually be routed across the star.
//
Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper::PopulateRoutingTables ();

NS_LOG_INFO ("Enable pcap tracing.");

//
// Do pcap tracing on all point-to-point devices on all nodes.
//
pointToPoint.EnablePcapAll ("star");

NS_LOG_INFO ("Run Simulation.");

Simulator::Run ();
Simulator::Destroy ();
NS_LOG_INFO ("Done.");

return 0;
 EXPERIMENT No.6

Program in NS3 to implement a bus topology.

#include "ns3/core-module.h"

#include "ns3/network-module.h"

#include "ns3/csma-module.h"

#include "ns3/internet-module.h"

#include "ns3/point-to-point-module.h"

#include "ns3/applications-module.h"

#include "ns3/ipv4-global-routing-helper.h"

// Default Network Topology

// 10.1.1.0

// n0 -------------- n1 n2 n3 n4

// point-to-point | | | |

// ================

// LAN 10.1.2.0

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("SecondScriptExample");

int

main (int argc, char *argv[])

bool verbose = true;

uint32_t nCsma = 3;

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.AddValue ("nCsma", "Number of \"extra\" CSMA nodes/devices", nCsma);

cmd.AddValue ("verbose", "Tell echo applications to log if true", verbose);

cmd.Parse (argc,argv);
if (verbose)

LogComponentEnable ("UdpEchoClientApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

LogComponentEnable ("UdpEchoServerApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

nCsma = nCsma == 0 ? 1 : nCsma;

NodeContainer p2pNodes;

p2pNodes.Create (2);

NodeContainer csmaNodes;

csmaNodes.Add (p2pNodes.Get (1));

csmaNodes.Create (nCsma);

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue ("5Mbps"));

pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", StringValue ("2ms"));

NetDeviceContainer p2pDevices;

p2pDevices = pointToPoint.Install (p2pNodes);

CsmaHelper csma;

csma.SetChannelAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue ("100Mbps"));

csma.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", TimeValue (NanoSeconds (6560)));

NetDeviceContainer csmaDevices;

csmaDevices = csma.Install (csmaNodes);

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install (p2pNodes.Get (0));

stack.Install (csmaNodes);

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase ("10.1.1.0", "255.255.255.0");

Ipv4InterfaceContainer p2pInterfaces;

p2pInterfaces = address.Assign (p2pDevices);

address.SetBase ("10.1.2.0", "255.255.255.0");

 Ipv4InterfaceContainer csmaInterfaces;

csmaInterfaces = address.Assign (csmaDevices);

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (csmaNodes.Get (nCsma));

serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));

serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (csmaInterfaces.GetAddress (nCsma), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute ("MaxPackets", UintegerValue (1));

echoClient.SetAttribute ("Interval", TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute ("PacketSize", UintegerValue (1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (p2pNodes.Get (0));

clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));

clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper::PopulateRoutingTables ();

pointToPoint.EnablePcapAll ("second");

csma.EnablePcap ("second", csmaDevices.Get (1), true);

Simulator::Run ();

Simulator::Destroy ();

return 0;

}
 EXPERIMENT No.7
Installation and configuration of NetAnim
Installing NetAnim
The website:

http://www.nsnam.org/wiki/index.php/NetAnim

1. Install Mercurial:

apt−get/dnf install mercurial

2. Install QT4 development package:

apt−get/dnf install qt4−dev−tools

3. You can use Synaptic too, to install both the above packages.

4. Download NetAnim: hg clone http :// code .nsnam. org/netanim

5. Build NetAnim:
cd netanim

make clean qmake

NetAnim. pro make

Compiling code with NetAnim

So you will have to make the following changes to the code, in order to view the animation on Net
#include " ... "

#include "ns3/netanim−module .h" //1 Include. . .

int main ( int argc , char ∗argv [ ] )

{ std : : string animFile = "somename. xml"; //2 Name of f i l e for animation

...

AnimationInterface anim ( animFile ); //3 Animation interface

Simulator : : Run ();
Simulator : : Destroy ();
return 0;

4.1 To run the code:

 1. Move the waf , waf.bat , wscript and wutils.py les in to the scratch
folder (~/ns-allinone-3.24/ns-3.24/scratch/).
2. Move the example code to the scratch folder and make the changes
required for NetAnim, as shown above.
3. Now cd to the scratch folder (cd ~/ns-allinone-3.24/ns-3.24/scratch/).

4. Run the code using the command:

./ waf −−run <filename>

Note: < lename> should not contain the extension .cc

4.2 To visualize on NetAnim:

1. cd to the netanim folder (cd ~/netanim/).

2. Run Netanim:
./NetAnim

3. Include the .xml le generated in the ns-3.24 folder (~/ns-allinone-

3.17/ns3.24/).
 EXPERIMENT-8
AIM- Write a program showing the connection of 2 nodes and 4 router such that the extremes
nodes act as client and server.

BUILDING NETWORK TOPOLOGY

CODE:

/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */

/*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
* published by the Free Software Foundation;
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

#include "ns3/core-module.h"
#include "ns3/network-module.h"
#include "ns3/csma-module.h"
#include "ns3/internet-module.h"
#include "ns3/point-to-point-module.h"
#include "ns3/applications-module.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4-global-routing-helper.h"

// Default Network Topology 10.1.5.0

// r2---------n1
// / 10.1.3.0
// no----------r0--------r1
// 10.1.1.0 10.1.2.0 \ 10.1.4.0
// r3

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("SecondScriptExample");

int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
bool verbose = true;
if (verbose)
{
LogComponentEnable ("UdpEchoClientApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);
LogComponentEnable ("UdpEchoServerApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);
}

NodeContainer host, router, host1;

host.Create (2);
router.Create (4);

NodeContainer subnet1;
subnet1.Add (host.Get (0));
subnet1.Add (router.Get (0));

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;
pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue ("5Mbps"));
pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", StringValue ("2ms"));

NetDeviceContainer subnet1Devices;
subnet1Devices = pointToPoint.Install (subnet1);

InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install (router);
stack.Install (host);

Ipv4AddressHelper address1, address2, address3, address4, address5, address6,;

Address1.SetBase ("10.1.1.0", "255.255.255.0");
Ipv4InterfaceContainer subnet1Interfaces;
subnet1Interfaces = address1.Assign (subnet1Devices);

NodeContainer subnet2;
 subnet2.Add (router.Get (0));
subnet2.Add (router.Get (1));

NetDeviceContainer subnet2Devices;
subnet2Devices = pointToPoint.Install (subnet2);

address2.SetBase ("10.1.2.0", "255.255.255.0");

Ipv4InterfaceContainer subnet2Interfaces;
subnet2Interfaces = address2.Assign (subnet2Devices);

NodeContainer subnet3;
subnet3.Add (router.Get (1));
subnet3.Add (router.Get (2));

NetDeviceContainer subnet3Devices;
subnet3Devices = pointToPoint.Install (subnet3);

address3.SetBase ("10.1.3.0", "255.255.255.0");

Ipv4InterfaceContainer subnet3Interfaces;
subnet3Interfaces = address3.Assign (subnet3Devices);

NodeContainer subnet4;
subnet4.Add (router.Get (1));
subnet4.Add (router.Get (3));

NetDeviceContainer subnet4Devices;
subnet4Devices = pointToPoint.Install (subnet4);

address4.SetBase ("10.1.4.0", "255.255.255.0");

Ipv4InterfaceContainer subnet4Interfaces;
subnet4Interfaces = address4.Assign (subnet4Devices);

NodeContainer subnet5;
subnet5.Add (router.Get (2));
subnet5.Add (host.Get (1));

NetDeviceContainer subnet5Devices;
subnet5Devices = pointToPoint.Install (subnet5);

address5.SetBase ("10.1.5.0", "255.255.255.0");

Ipv4InterfaceContainer subnet5Interfaces;
subnet5Interfaces = address5.Assign (subnet5Devices);

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (subnet5.Get (1));

serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
 UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (subnet5Interfaces.GetAddress (1), 9);
echoClient.SetAttribute ("MaxPackets", UintegerValue (3));
echoClient.SetAttribute ("Interval", TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));
echoClient.SetAttribute ("PacketSize", UintegerValue (1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (subnet1.Get (0));

clientApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper::PopulateRoutingTables ();

Simulator::Run ();
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT