GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT

INTRODUCTION

Every good story, movie, tale, should create in its audience any kind of
feelings, emotions, thoughts, so that the motivation captures the attention
until the last paragraph or scene.

To analyze the Dramatic structure of a Multimedia requires a series of

steps as well as the fulfillment of details which fundamentally will serve
to identify if it accomplish with the requirements to be a good production,
according to the characteristics blended to create the solution specified
by the client..

To know how the direction of the story is rolled, the type

of characters, the scenes lightening, the colors used to
create visual effects, sound, sequence, and the tools
implemented to blend, mix and bring canvas to life, are
some of the considerations to take into account to be
effective in this analysis.

Therefore, it is necessary to understand and have a

logistic view considering technical aspects to develop the
whole panoramic of a multimedia solution.

Here there are some of the main characteristics of the

basic elements, like the plot, sequence, climax, and
resolution; also, the shots, sequence, sound and layout,
and some images which let you know how that analysis
can take place to create and develop from the creator´s
point of view the best technical understanding and
explanation.

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 GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT

2. CONTENT

1. Introduction

2. Content

3. Mind Map

4. Analyzing the dramatic Structure

4.1 Components to be considered

4.2 Multimedia Dramatic Structure

4.2.1 Start with the plot

4.2.2 Choose a point of view

4.2.3 Develop Realistic Characters

4.2.4 Mold the mood

4.3 Guidelines for story telling

4.4 Shots Mastering

4.4.1 Light drawing

4.4.2 Learning to check the type of shot

4.5 Sequence

4.6 Sound

4.7 Layout

5. Vocabulary

6. Bibiography

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3. MIND MAP

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4. Analyzing the Dramatic Structure

4.1 Components to be considered

Audience

Identify target audience and describe as thoroughly as possible, depending

on each economic sector.

Why understand your audience?

It is necessary to tell stories that reflects the target`s audience world.

Effective communication meets people where they are.

Communication needs to be relevant and meaningful.

How to get to know your Audience?

Learn to view your story and your presentation through the eyes

Of your audience. What to learn about it:

1. Who is your audience?

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 GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT

2. What are they interested in, what do they care about?

3. How do they think?

4. What do they feel?

5. What are they perceived and unperceived needs?

6. What needs do they express?

7. What are they productive contexts, interests?

8. What of their previous experiences can you refer to?

9. What is their main need to be satisfied?

10. How can you tell your Project ideas to them meaningfully?

And relevantly?

Stories create context, value and significance.

In Stories people are willing to hear the truth.

Humankind could well be labeled “homo Narran’s”-creatures that love

narrative.

Stories are universal currency welcomed across every country and culture,
age and history.

Story is an invitation to personal discovery.

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Story

Write story/script to communicate the possible solution to audience`s

needs.

Shot

Create/select images (photo, video, drawings, etc) to illustrate the story

script.

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Sequence

1. First idea-shot,

2. Second idea-shot

3. Third Idea-shot

Arrange shots into sequence to communicate the story or possible solution.

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 GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING THE PLOT

4.2 Multimedia Dramatic Structure

“The soul never thinks without a mental picture”. Aristoteles.

4.2.1 Start with the plot: The plot is the sequence of events that
make up a story.

The events in the plot can be divided as follows:

Exposition: Introduces the characters, setting and conflict.

Rising action: Builds the conflict and develops characters.

Climax: Shows highest point of the action.

Resolution: Resolves the story and ties up all the loose ends.

Create conflict: It is a struggle or fight. It can be external or internal.

Plot Name:_____________________
-The
The story´s
story s sequence of events
e ents Title:______________________
(Exposition, Rising, Action,
Climax, Falling
alling Action,
Resolution
esolution [see boxes])
b es])
-Flashbacks_________________
__________________________ (4) Falling Action
-Foreshadowing______________
oreshadowing______________ -Conflict outcome_________________
__________________
___________________________ -Resulting
esulting eevents
ents __________________
-Flashforwards________________
-Flashfor ards________________ _______________________
____________________________ (3) Climax _______________________
-Point
oint of greatest tension
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________

(1) Exposition
Setting (5) Rising Action
(2) Rising Action -Final outcome_________________
-Place_________________ Character
Cha acter Roles
oles
-Time__________________
Time__________________ Theme
-Protagosnist(s)_________________ -Story
Story´ss meaning __________________
-Characters
-Cha acters __________________
-Main__________________ ________________________
-Antagonist(s)__________________
Antagonist(s)__________________ Author
uthor´ss Purpose
______________________ __________________
______________________ (Persuade,
ersuade, inform, entertain, teach, etc.)
Conflict _______________________
-Secondary______________
Secondary______________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
Mood Mood
_______________________ _______________________
Point
oint of View

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4.2.2 Choose a Point of view

You can tell a story from one of the following points of view:
-First person point of view.

-Third-person limited point of view: the narrator.

-Omniscient point of view: the narrator looks through the eyes of all the
characters and is thus “all-knowing”.

Story climax
This is when the problem
Mountain reaches a high point!

rising
action falling
This includes the action
This is when the
events leading up to
characters work to
the main problem or
solve the problem
conflict.
or conflict.

background
This includes the resolution
introduction of This is how
characters and things end up
setting. in the story.

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4.2.3 Develop realistic characters:

They can be categorized like:

Protagonist: The main Character.

Antagonist: The person in conflict with the protagonist.

Static character: Stays the same through the story.

Dynamic Character: Grows and changes during the story.

Write dialogue: The exact words the character says. It should be

realistic and develop the plot and reveal the character´s personality.

Paint setting: It is the time and place where the events take place.

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4.2.4 Mold the Mood

The Mood is a strong feeling we get from a story. The mood is created by
characterization, description, images, and dialogue.

Some possible moods include: Terror, horror, calmness, and suspense.

Mood is called atmosphere.

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4.3 Guidelines for Storytelling

• Avoid rambling by having a clear picture of why you are telling the story.

• Focus upon a central theme.

• Minimize relevant characters, facts and details.

Descriptions are critical.

• Make listeners feel like they are there: “There is a warm sand under my
whole body running down”.

• Show, do not tell: “I can fell the soft and warm wind in my face”.

• Engage all the senses, not just the eyes.

• Include smells, sounds, tastes, and touch sensations.

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• Make the audience wonder what happens next: Take the time to build
up the unsolved problem, the unexplained mystery, the inescapable
dilemma.

In other words, you could use plenty of images to create your dramatic
structure, as showed above.

“The question is not what you look at, but what you see.”

-- Henry David Thoreau

Climax

Falling action

Resolution
Rising
action

Exposition

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4.4 Shots´ Mastering

“I hear and I forget, I see and I remember, I do and I understand.”

Ancient Chinese Proverb

There are many resources to create a good atmosphere in the shot:

drawings (on paper, flipchart, OHP, in TV box); the photos (on paper, slides,
OHP, Power Point, movie maker); Videos (on TV, data projector, Power
Point, Movie Maker); objects (obvious and unreal, using the imagination).
They must be analyzed taking into account the following aspects:

4.4.1 Light Drawing

It is very important to observe light in analyzing the structure. Since

mastering light and color will be useful to create and understand the
visual effects the scene develops to capture the essence of it.

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Light qualities

Cool: Bright, midday, sunlight.

Warm: Close to sunrise and sunset.

Hard: From small light source or midday sun.

Soft: From large, diffused source, or cloudy day.

Light direction

Top lighting: When light strikes the subject from above-such as at noon
on a sunny day- it produces a flat image, shadows are short and very
dark.

Front lighting: When the sun is behind the photographer´s back, the light
strikes the subject from the front. If people are in the picture, they tend
to squint. Watch your show-it may fall on the subject.

Side lighting: When the light strikes the subject from the side, pockets of
contrast are created that emphasize texture and contours.

Back light: Light from behind the subject, especially in extremely bright
conditions, may render the subject as a silhouette.

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2.4.2 Learn to check the type of shot

Types of shots:

Extreme Wide Shot (EWS)

Wide shot (WS)

Medium Close up Shot (MCS)

Close-up Shot (CU)

Extreme Close-up Shot (ECS)

Basic Camera Shots

Extreme Wide Shot Wide Shot Medium Shot

Medium Close Up Close Up Extreme Close Up

Rule of thirds

Imagine that your frame is divided equally by two horizontal lines and
two vertical lines. The four points where those lines intersect are the best
places for positioning the most important elements of your composition-
Dynamic Points.

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Dynamic Points

Tips to create and analyze the shot

• Determine the subject of the shot, avoid “tourist” shots.

• Fill the frame get closer

• Do not leave too much room

• Leave your subject room to view or to move

• Do not dissect your subject

• Observe direction of light, shadows (especially on faces)

• Watch for “hot” shots

• Observe background and foreground-avoid clutter

• Change angle of shooting, find a different perspective

• Use complementary angles

• Look for emotions

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• Watch horizon line or any other real lines should not intersect the picture
in half

• Use implied lines and shapes for creating interesting photos

• Watch out for “falling” buildings

• Frame landscapes, create 3D effect

• Learn to see photographically

Tips to create and analyze the video

• Use variety of shots (ECU, WCU, MCU, CU, ECU)

• Use close ups for interviews

• Do not zoom/pan back and forth too fast and too much

• Avoid camera jitters (use tripod or steady your hand on something solid,
lean against a tree or wall)

• Do not walk while shooting a video

• Avoid backlight

4.5 Sequence

The sequence is a series of shots assembled in order to illustrate the story.

Bring together story and shots

• Write down key thoughts of the story and types of shots that will illustrate
those points

• Identify and describe characters

• Use sticky notes/cards to match story points and shots

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• Think about the audio that is needed (music, narration)

• Use a simple table

Different resources Available

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4.6 Sound

Audio can be:

• Narrator´s voice (actual speaking during the presentation)

• Voices of a number of people (dialogues)

• Recorded voices (narrations, dialogues, interviews)

• Music

• Sound effects

Tips for sound use

• See suggestions for narration recording by computer in Instructions to

Movie Maker

• When recording sound with video camera, use external microphone

when possible

• Avoid distracting sounds; wind can be a problem during video shooting

outside

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• When recording narrator, microphone should be too close to the face of

the speaker

• Be careful not to overuse sound effects-it can distract from the message

• When using music for background, do not use music with words; also
avoid very familiar songs that can “play words” in the heads of the audience
and distract from the message

• Use only free music otherwise you should buy permission to use
copyrighted music

Copy right law

It is compulsory you know about the copy right law. It is a set of exclusive
rights that regulate the use of a particular expression of an idea or
information. It is literally “the rights to copy” an original creation. The
symbol for copyright is “C”. Several exclusive rights typically attach to the
holder of a copyright:

• To produce copies or reproductions of the work and to sell those copies

• To import or export the work

• To create derivative works (works that adapt the original work)

• To perform or display the work publicly

• To sell or assign these rights to others

This means that you have no right to make multiple copies or display it

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publicly (this includes music records, CDs, DVDs, Videos, movies) unless
you buy a license or permission to use it.

This also means that you should identify whether there is permission to
use the material incorporated in the multimedia structure.

4.7 Layout

The Layout defines the whole view of the structure, it is necessary consider
its elements like:

• The grid (the framework for placing the type and images on a slide)

• Continuity (succession or flow, which creates a cohesive whole)

• Alignment (left, justified, right, centered)

• Dividing text (paragraph indents, hanging type, line space, line rules
color, contrast type style, contrast color)

• Headlines and subheads (convey the big idea at a glance)

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• Hierarchy (ranking elements in terms of importance)

• Type readability ( if the information is presented clearly)

• Emotional quality

• Bullets

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5. VOCABULARY

Alignment: Alineación

Antagonist: Antagonista

Atmosphere: Atmosfera

Avoid: Evitar

Back Lighting: Luz de fondo

Background: Trayectoria

Body text: Texto del cuerpo

Palette: Paleta de colores

Build up: Construir

Bullet: Bala

Calmness: Tranquilidad

Caption: Captura

Character: Personaje

Chart: Diagrama

Choose: Seleccionar

Climax: Climax

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Close up: Acercamiento

Colum: Columna

Conflict: Conflicto

Continuity: Continuidad

Cool: Frío

Dilemma: Dilema

Dividing text: Texto dividido

Draws: Dibujo

Dynamic character: Personaje dinámico

Falling Action: Acción descendente

Feel: Sentir

Fight: Pelear

First person: Primera persona

Foreground: Primer plano

Framework: Marco

Free: Libre

Front Lighting: Iluminación frontal

Graphs: Gráficos

Grid: Cuadrícula

Happens: Suceder

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Hard: Duro

Hierarchy: Jerarquía

Horror: Horror

Hot: Caliente

Image: Imagen

Inescapable: Ineludible

Light qualities: Calidad de iluminación

Long: Largo

Main: Principal

Make up: Maquillaje

Margin: Margen

Medium: Medio

Mold: Moldear

Mood: Humor

Paint setting: Ajustes del color

Picture: Foto

Place: Lugar

Plot: Trama

Point of view: Punto de vista

Protagonist: Protagonista

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Quality: Calidad

Readability: Legible

Resolution: Resolución

Rising action: Incremento de la acción

Sequence: Secuencia

Setting: Arreglos

Shape: Molde

Shot: Toma

Side Lighting: Iluminación lateral

Slides: Diapositivas

Smell: Oler

Soft: Suave

Space: Espacio

Static character: Personaje estático

Stock: Existencia

Story: Historia

Struggle: Conflicto

Subheadings: Subtítulos

Suspense: Suspenso

Sweet: Dulce

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Table: Mesa

Taste: Gusto

Third person: Tercera persona

Time: Tiempo

Top Lighting: Iluminación superior

Touch: Tocar

Warn: Advertencia

Wind: Viento

Wonder: Preguntarse

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6. BIBLIOGRAPHY

Mykhalyuk, M. (2008). Audiovisuals in Evangelism. At the Advanced

Leadership Skills Seminar. RELC. Singapore.

A Dialogue in Pictures, Recovered July 16th, 2013. From: Http://www.

mysoularium.com.

Story site, Recovered July 16, 2013. From: http://www.storysite.org/

reference/authorindex04.html

Large collection of user-submitted anecdotes and a message board to

facilitate follow-up discussion. Recovered July 16, 2013. From: www.
haircutstory.net/

Free program to use for writing video script, sequence. Recovered: June
8, 2013, From: Http://www.celtx.com/

On-line Tutorials, Recovered: July 14, 2013. From: Http://movies.

atomiclearning.lcom/movimaker2/, Http://desktopvideo.about.com/od/
moviemakertutorials/tp/mmtutorials.htm,

Movie video clips ideas, Recovered: July 12, 2013. From: Http://www.
thesource4ym.com/videoclips/

Free Photos bank, Recovered July 15, 2013. From: Http://www.

freephotosbank.com, Http://www.freedigitalphotos.net, Http://www.
freestockphotos.com/.

Free music, Recovered July 15, 2013. From: Http://www.freeplaymusic.

com/

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Control de documento
Construcción Objeto de Aprendizaje
Guidelines for developing the plot
Desarrollador de contenido Alba Nury Cardona Yepes
Experto temático
Asesor pedagógico Luis Antonio Suárez Martínez
Maria Teresa Camargo Serrano
Producción Multimedia Claudia E. Monsalve Gamboa
Víctor Hugo Tabares Carreño
Martha Lucía Chávez Niño
Programador Roberto Chajin Ortíz
Líder expertos temáticos Tatiana Acosta Patiño
Líder línea de producción Santiago Lozada Garcés

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