CREDTT BASED SYSTEM (CBS)

APPLICABLE TO

cAUrpusEs, AUTONOMOUS & AFFTLTATED

COLLEGES/INSTTTUTIONS OF I. K. GUJRAL
PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNITIERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF ACADEMICS
I.K. GUJRAL PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNT\IER,SITY
JAI.ANDT:IAR

,A4
It

CONTENTS

1. PREAMBLE
2. WIIY CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM
3. APPLICABILITY OF CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM
4. DEFINITIONS OF KE"TWORDS

5. co{.JRsE STRUCTURE/ PATTERN

6. EVALUATION OF ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STT]DENTS

7. EXAMINATION AND ASSESSMENT

8. COMPUTATION OF SGPA and CGPA

8.r. Semester Grade PointAverage (SGPA)

8.2. Cumulative Grade PointAverage (CGPA)

9. CON\DRSION OF CGPATO PERCENTAGE

rO. EVALUATION SYSTEM FOR CONSTITI]ENT AND AFFILIATED

COLLEGES/INSTITUTIONS OF IKGPTU

1o.1. Grading for Theory courses

a. Internal Evaluation
b. External Evaluation
1o.2. Grading for Practical courses
a. fnternal Evaluation

b. End semester Examination

2
1. PREAMBLE
I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University (IKGPTU) (Formly known as Punjab Technical

University), Jalandhar was established in the Year 1997 under the Punjab Technical
University Act, 1996 (Punjab Act No. I of 1997) to enhance technical education and
development thereof in the State of Punjab and for matters connected therewith. The
University is aware of the urgent need to move towards Choice-Based Credit System
(CBCS) and Grading system as per guide lines of UGC. The university has already
implemented Credit Based System from the Academic session- 2015-16. The University
is committed to implement CBCS in future.

2. WHY CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM

The Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) enables a student to obtain a degree by
accumulating required number of credits prescribed for that degree. The student also has
choice in selecting courses out of those offered by various departments. The grade points
eamed for each course reflects the student's proficiency in that course. The CBCS enables

the students to earn credits across departments and provides flexibility in duration to
complete a Program of study. The CBCS facilitates transfer of credits earned in different
Departments/Centres of other recognized / accredited universities or institutions of higher
education in India and abroad.

3. APPLICABILITY OF CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM

The Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) shall apply to all Under Graduate/Post Graduate
Courses of IKGPTU's Campuses, Autonomous Institutions and affiliated
CollegesAnstitutions. Under CBCS the requirement for awarding a degree is prescribed in
terms of number of credits and students are given choices from the pool of elective
courses.

4. DEFINITIONS OF KEY WORDS

4.1. Hon' able Vice Chancellor (VC): Means the Hon' able Vice Chancellor (VC) of
the I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar.
4.2. Dean (Academics): Means the Dean (Academics) of the I. K. Gujral Punjab
Technical University, Jalandhar.
4.3. Academic Year: Two consecutive (one odd * one even) semesters constitute one
academic vear.

cv
4.4. Credit Based System (CBS): The CBS provides choice for students to select from
the prescribed courses (core, elective and inter-disciplinary courses).
4.5. Program/Discipline: An educational program/discipline leading to award of a
Degree/Diploma/Certifi cate.
4.6. Course: Usually refened to, as 'subject' is a component of a program/discipline.
All courses need not carry the same weight. The courses should define learning
objectives and leaming outcomes. A course may be designed to comprise lectures/
tutorials/laboratory work/ field work/ outreach activities/ project work/ vocational
training/viva,/ seminars/ term papers/assignments/ presentations/ self-study etc. or a
combination of some ofthese.
4.7. Credit: A unit by which the course work is measured. It determines the number of
hours of instructions required per week. One credit is equivalent to one hour of
teaching (Lecture or Tutorial) or two hours of practical work/field work per week.
4.8. Credit Point: It is the product of grade point and number of credits for a course.
4.9. Credit Based Semester System (CBSS): Under the CBSS, the requirement for
awarding a degree/diploma/certificate is prescribed in terms of number of credits to
be completed by the students.
4.10. Grade Point: It is a numerical weight allotted to each letter grade on a lO-point
scale.

4.11. Letter Grade: It is an index of the performance of students in a said course.

Grades are denoted by letters O, A+, A, B+, B, C, P and F.

4.12. Semester: Each semester will consist of 15-18 weeks of academic work equivalent
to 90 actual teaching days. The odd semester may be scheduled from July to
December and even semester from January to June.
4.13. Semester Grade Point Average (SGPA): It is a measure of performance of work
done in a semester. It is ratio of total credit points secured by a student in various
courses registered in a semester and the total course credits taken durine that
semester. It shall be expressed up to two decimal places.
4.14. Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA): It is a measure of overall cumulative
performance of a student over all semesters. The CGPA is the ratio of total credit
points secured by a student in various courses in all semesters and the sum of the
total credits of all courses in all the semesters. It is expressed up to two decimal
praces'
@v
v/'
4
 4.15. Grade Card or Certificate: Based on the grades earned, a grade certificate shall
be issued to all the registered students after every semester. The grade certificate
will display the course details (code, title, number of credits, grade secured) along
with SGPA of that semester and CGpA earned till that semester.
4.16. End Semester Examination: The examination conducted bv the Universitv at the
end of the semester.

4.17. Internal Evaluation: The Midterm Sessional Tests (MST) quizzes/ group
discussion/ class discussion/ attendance/ seminars / projects/ case studies etc.
comprise the internal evaluation.
4.18. Degree: An award conferred by university signifying that the student has
satisfactorily completed a program/discipline of study.

5. COURSE STRUCTURE/PATTERN
The Under Graduate/ Post Graduate degree courses will consist of three major components
i.e., core courses, Elective courses and Inter Departmental courses.
5.1. Core courses: These are offered by the parent department and are totally related to
the major/discipline course. The core courses also include subjects related to Basic
Sciences and Humanity. The components like Practicals, Projects, Group
Discussions, Viva, Field Visits etc. will be the part of the core course. The credits
for Basic SciencesAlumanity and Core courses will be 10%-20% and 55Yo-75%o of
the total credits of a program/discipline respectively.

5.2. Elective courses: These are also offered by the parent department. These courses
will provide choice and flexibility within the department. The student can choose
. his/her elective paper. Elective is related to the major course. The difference
between core course and elective course is that the core course is a regular course
as the part of the curriculum whereas in elective course, there is choice for the
student. The credits for Elective courses will be 10%-15% of the total credits of a
program/discipline.
5.3. Inter Disciplinary Elective courses: The department is at liberty to offer three to
four Inter Disciplinary Elective courses and these courses are called as inter-
departmental courses. These courses are offered by a department for the students
belonging to other departments. The objective is to provide mobility and flexibility
outside the parent department. These courses are introduced to make every course
multi and inter-disciplinary in nature. These courses are to be chosen from a list of

5mw \v-
t- lv
 courses offered by various departments. The credits for Inter Departmental Courses

will be 5%-10% of the total credits of a program/discipline.

6. EVALUATION OF ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STITDENTS

The academic performance of student in each course will be evaluated as per Table l.

Table 1: Structure of grading academic performance

S. No. Grade Qualitative Meaning Grade points
o Outstanding 10

2 A* Excellent 9

3 A Very good 8

4 B* Good 7

5 B Above Averase 6

6 C Average 5

7 P Marginal/Pass 4

8 F Failed 0

9 Ab Absent 0

l0 I Incomplete
II E Detained 0

t2 SruS S atis factory/Unsatisfactory

Description of Grades:
6.1. "o" Grade stands for outstanding achievement. The "P" grade stands for
marginal/Pass performance. It is the minimum passing grade in any course.
6:.2. "r" grade denotes incomplete performance. It may be awarded to a student if
he/she does not appear in End Semester Examination due to some extraordinary

circumstances.
6.3. "E" grade is awarded if student is detained i.e., attendance in theory
class/laboratory is less than 75%o and the student will have to repeat the course as
and when offered.

6.4. "F" grade is given to the student who has appeared in the End semester
Examination but failed to get "minimum qualified marks',.
 6.5. "Ab" grade is awarded if the student is absent in the End Semester Examination
without any valid reason.

Corresponding to eamed letter grade for each course, the particular grade points are as given
in Table 1. The Grade Point Average (GPA) is calculated by taking the number of grade
points a student earned in a given period of time divided by the total number of credits
undertaken for the studies. Each course is assigned with a weightage called credits. Table 2
shows the procedure to be followed to calculate number of credits for one hour of teaching
per week for each course.

Table 2: Credits corresponding to one hour of Lecture/TutoriaV Practical

S. No. Teaching component Credit(s)
I Lecture 01 credit for 01 lecture hour per week

2 Tutorial/Studio* 0l credit for 0l tutorial/studio hour per week

a
J Practical/Field Visit* 0l credit for 02 practical/Field visit hour per week.
Three/four Laboratory hours per week shall be
assigned two credits. Five/six Laboratory hours per
week shall be assigned three credits. Seven/eight
Laboratory hours per week shall be assigned four
credits.
4 Seminar 01 credit for 0l practical/study hour per week

5 Project 01 credit for 0l hour per week or as defined in the

syllabus
6 Dissertation 01 credit for 0l practical/study hour per week or as

prescribed in the program/discipline.

7 lndustrial Training Equivalent to one semester though comprehensive
evaluation mechanism as per defined norms.

"A pp licable fo r A rchitecture

7. EXAMINATION AND ASSESSMENT
The performance of student in each course shall be evaluated through continuous
assessment consisting of examinations/tests/quizzes etc. as per the guide lines given in
Table 3. An academic calendar indicating the schedule of continuous assessment will be
notified by the University before the start of the academic session.
 Table 3: Continuous Assessment Criterion

Examination (Theory) Syllabus to be Time allotted Weightage Remarks

covered in the for the (Marks)
examination examination
Midterm Sessional Test (MSD - I Upto 33o/o 1.5 Hour 24o/o Best two tests shall be
Midterm Sessional Test(MSD - 11 33 %o to 66 o/o
1.5 Hour considered and in any
Midterm Sessional Test (MST) - II 66Vo to l00o/o 1.5 Hour case no special test will be
conducted for the students
Quizzes/Group discussion / Class As per discretion As per l60/o
discussion/ attendance/ seminars /
who remained absent in
ofteacher discretion of any of the MST. MST-I,
projects/ case studies assignments teacher
etc,
II, III and quizzes etc
constitute intemal
evaluation.
End Semester Examination 100% Syllabus 3 Hours 60% Checking of answer sheets
will be done at the
University level. This
component is called
external evaluation.
Total r00% Marks may be rounded off
to nearest inteser
Practical
Daily evaluation of practical 600/o Intemal evaluation
records/Assignment/Viva Voce/
Attendance etc.
Final Practical Performance + 100% Syllabus 3 Hours 40Yo Extemal evaluation
Viva Voce
Total l0UYo Marks may be rounded off
to nearest inteeer

There must be an overall Coordinator at the Institution/Department level to coordinate for the
proper implementation of the same. Coordinator will ensure that syllabus covered before
internal and external evaluation must be as per Table 3.

The marks computed out of 100 shall be used to find grade and grade points for each
course/component. Finally grade points of all courses shall be used to compute SGPA and
then CGPA.

7.1. All evaluations of different components of a course shall be done in marks for each
student. The marks obtained in theory/practical courses or other teaching components

shall be scaled to 100 (40 intemal evaluation*60 external evaluation for Theory
paper and 60 internal evaluation +40 external evaluation for Practical paper) up to
next integer value. Finally the grades will be assigned to each student in each course
as per following guidelines:
(a) Absolute grading will be used for class having less than 30 (<30) registered
students. The criterion is outlined in Table 4.
 Table 4: Absolute grading criterion
Sr. No. Marks Grade Grade points
> 90 &<100 o 10

2 >80&<90 A+ 9

J >70&<80 A 8

4 >60 &<70 B+ 7

5 >50&<60 B 6

6 >45 &<50 C 5

7 >40 & <45 P 4

8 <40 F 0

Note:-The grade boundaries as indicated sbove may be marginally adjusted

(b) Relative grading will be used for a class having 30 or more (>30) registered
students as statistical distributions are suitable for samples having 30 or more
number of elements. The criterion is outlined in Table 5. Workout example for
different values ofo'and p and corresponding grades has been given in Annexure-
I.
Table 5: Relative grading criterion
Sr. No. Marks Grade Grade points
I > p+1.80o o l0
2 > p+I.35o and <p+l .80o A+ 9
a
J > F+0.85o and < p+l.35o' A 8

4 > p+0.35o'and < p+0.85o B+ 7

) >p and<p+0.35o B 6

6 > p-0.35o'and < p C 5

7 > 40% Marks and < p-0.35o' P 4

8 < 40Yo (Marks) F 0

Note:-
1. p is mean and o is standard deviation of marks obtained in the class (Annexure II)
2. The grade boundaries as indicated above may be marginally adjusted if there is any violation of
' upper or lower limits
3. Lower and higher outliers can be separated before owarding the grades

7.2. *F'r ttAbt', ttl", and ttP" grades:

a) It is compulsory to secure at least 20% marks in each course to be
considered for grading. If a student secures less than 20Yo marks helshe will
be awarded "F" grade in that course.
 b) It is also compulsory to appear in the End Semester Examination. If student
does not appear in the End Semester Examination without the permission of
Hon'able Vice Chancellor/ Dean (Academics), he/she will be awarded
"Ab" grade in that course.

c) 'oI" grade (Incomplete) would be awarded to the student who has not
appeared in the End Semester Examination due to a justified reasons in
extraordinary circumstances. "I" grade shall be awarded to the student only
after approval from Hon'able Vice chancellor/ Dean (Academics). In case
a student get "I" grade, helshe has to appear only in End Semester
Examination. His/her internal assessment marks will be freezed and he/she
will be given grade as per mean and standard deviation of his/her original
class without modification in grades of other students. In case, absolute
grading is applicable then fixed thresholds will be used as per Table 4.

d) "P" grade shall not be awarded for percentage of marks less than 40%. still
further, no student having 40%o or more marks will be awarded failing grade
"F" i.e. any student having 40%o or more marks will get atleast..p" grade.

7.3. A student can apply for improvement in grade of any course in which helshe has gor

"P" grade. He/she will be allowed to appear only in End Semester Examination and
will be evaluated as per performance of his original class. In any case grade of other

students of his/her original class shall not change. The student can improve to the
most in two subjects and maximum grade can be up to "A" grade if CGPA is more
than 6.0 at the end of degree. However, student can improve more than two subjects
and maximum grade can be up to "A" grade to attain the 6.0 CGPA (or 60Yo marks)
if CGPA is less than 6.0 at the end of the desree.

7.4. A student who secures "F" or "Ab" grade will have an option to appear in End
Semester Examination i.e. external component. His/her internal assessment marks
wifl be freezed and he/she will be given grade as per mean and standard deviation of
hislher original class without modification in grades of other students. In case,
absolute grading is applicable then fixed thresholds will be used as per Table 4.

10
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 Moreover he/she will also have the option to repeat the course by re-registering in
that course. whenever it is offered next time.

7.5. Every class instructor teaching a class will take attendance till the last instructional
day in the semester. The statement of the attendance with marks in MST should be
displayed on the notice board and submitted to the department within one week of
conduct of the MST. The next day after the last instructional day, a statement of
shortage of attendance i.e. detainee student list may be submitted to the department.

7.6. A student shall have to attend 75% of Lectures (including tutorials) of a course(s)
otherwise he/she will be detained in that course(s).

Dean (Academics) of the University in case of University/constituent College and

Principal/Director in case of affiliated institutions may condone attendance shortage
upto l0% in the total for the reasons to be recorded in writing (owning to serious
illness, calamity, participation in any game/sports/competitions with the approval of
the Institution etc.). However, under no circumstances, a sfudent who has an
aggregate attendance of less than 65oh, in a semester shall be allowed to appear in the

End Semester Examination.

7.7. A student is detained in a course, whatever may be the reason for the shortfall in
attendance, will not be permitted to sit for the End Semester Examination in the
course. Helshe will be awarded E grade for the course. In order to earn credits for
this course, the student will have to re-register for the course, whenever it is offered
next time. The department will not make any adjustment in time table for such
students. In case a student is detained in the elective course, atleast one time in one
year such course has to be offered to such student by making appropriate
arangements for conducting the classes.

7.8. There are no grade points for "F", "Ab", "I" and "E" grades, so they are not
considered for SGPA and CGPA. However for calculating total number of credits, all
the courses allotted in the semester(s) are considered for calculation of SGPA and
CGPA.

11
 7.9. SGPA and CGPA shall be calculated up to two decimal place, after rounding off the
third decimal to the nearest second place integer decimal i.e. 0.005 is to be increased
to 0.01. CGPA should be computed after every semester.

7.10. To obtain "O"o student has to appear in allthe teaching/evaluation component of the

course. However, in the view of the merit of the studen! the teacher may consider to

award "O" grade for a student who has not gone through all the component of the
course.

7.11. An honors degree will be conferred at CGPA of 8.0 or above provided student
should not have obtained even a single "F", "Ab" or "E" in any course during whole
duration ofthe course.

8. COMPUTATION OF SGPA and CGPA

The performance of a student will be evaluated in terms of two indices, viz., semester
grade point average (SGPA) and cumulative grade point average (CGPA) for the
completed semesters at any point in time. SGPA and CGPA shall be calculated up to two
decimal places, thus 0.005 to be rounded offto 0.01.

8.1. Semester Grade Point Average (SGPA): The performance of a student in a

particular semester will be measured by semester grade point average (SGPA), which
is a weighted average of the grades secured in all the courses/teaching components
taken in a semester and scaled to a maximum 10.
Let the grade points associated with the letter grades awarded to a student in assigned

courses dtagl:gz,8t,gq,gs and the conesponding credits are wt,w22w3rw4,w5,

the SGPA willbe calculated as

. SGPA : wtgt + w2g2 + w3g3 + w4g 4 + w5g 5

wt+w2+w3+w4+w5

ln general, it can be written as

rm
LwiSi
SGPA: a
r
Lw'

L2
Where,

wi is credit of ift course, gi is grade point of is course and m is number of

courses in one semester.

Here, Ei: p"gi, * p","gi"""

ps is the prescribed percentage weightage to Intemal Evaluation
pes" is the prescribed percentage weightage to End Semester Evaluation
gis is grade point obtained in IntemalEvaluation
g"5e is grade point obtained in End Semester Evaluation

For instance, suppose a student is registered for one 5-credit course, four 4-credit
courses and one 3-credit course during a semester i.e., a total 24 (5+4x4+3)-credits. If
he/she secures O, A+, A, B+, B & P gades respectively in these courses in internal
evaluation having 40%o weightage and A, B, c, p, B & c grades respectively in end
semester examination having 60% weightage, his4rer SGPA can be calculated
as follows:
SGPA=
(0.4x10+0.6x8)x5+(0.4x9+0.6x0x4+(04x8+0.6x0x4+(0.4x7+0.6x4)x4+(04x6+0.6x0x4+(04x4+0.6x5)x3
24

44 +28.8 +24.8 + 20.8 + 24 + 13.8 156.2

T=24 = 6.51

SGPA will be calculated up to two decimal place only.

8.2. Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA): The cumulative grade point average
(CGPA) indicates the overall academic performance of a student in all the courses
registered upto and including the latest completed semester. It is computed in the
same manner as the SGPA, considering all the courses (say n), and is given by

CGPA :
f,,r,
i=I

f,,
i=l

The grades of any and all repeated courses shall be included in the official transcripts.
However once a student repeats and passes a course in which helshe had failed earlier.
the earlier fail grade do not enter into the computation of cGpA.

13
9. CONVERSION OF CGPA TO PERCENTAGE
The conversion of SGPA or CGPA to Percent score will be carried out by multiplication
of respective SGPA or CGPA by a factor of 9.5. The equivalence between important
percentages in absolute marks system and CGPA is given in Table 6.

Table 6: Equivalence between Percentages in absolute marks system and CGPA

CGPA (x) 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Percentage 38 47.5 57 66.s 76 85.s 9.5

(Y)
Percentage (Y = CGPA (E ,9.5
CGPA of 6 is equivalent to 57 percent.

IO. EVALUATION SYSTEM FOR CONSTITUENT AI\D AFFILIATED

COLLEGES/INSTITT]"IIONS OF IKGPTU
10.1. Affiliated Institutions
For affiliated Institutions, the End Semester Examination (Theory) will be held at the
University level, as per the pattern followed by the University time to time. The
grading will be prepared by the University based on the marks obtained by the
students in Intemal and External Evaluation, both for Practical as well as Theory
courses using Absolute Criteria. The Students are allowed for re-evaluation for
End semester Examination.

10.2. AcademicAutonomouslnstitutions
Relative grading for Internal Evaluation as well as End Semester Examination will be
followed by the Institutions having the Academic Autonomy. The grading will be
done at Institute level. The grading will be done after showing the Answer sheets to
the students and thereafter no re-evaluation will be done for End Semester
Examination for these Autonomous Institutions.

Jurisdiction: All disputes will be settled under the jurisdiction of Jalandhar court.

r4
 Annexure-f

Work-out example for different values of 'p' & 'ot with corresponding Grades
 Annexure-II
Work-out example for Calculating opt & 'o'

IKGPTU-I 25 0.82 0.68

IKGPTU-2 0 -24.18 584.46
IKGPTU-3 24 -0.18 0.03
aa
IKGPTU-4 JJ 8.82 77.87
IKGPTU-5 25 0.82 0.68
IKGPTU-6 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-7 0 -24.r8 584.46
IKGPTU-8 24 -0.18 0.03
a aa
IKGPTU-9 26 1.82 J.JJ
IKGPTU-IO 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-I I 44 t9.82 393.00
IKGPTU-12 29 4.82 23.27
aa
IKGPTU-13 JJ 8.82 77.87
IKGPTU-I4 26 1.82 3.33
IKGPTU-I5 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU.l6 25 0.82 0.68
IKGPTU-I7 36 I 1.82 139.81
IKGPTU-I8 30 5.82 33.92
IKGPTU.I9 32 7.82 61.22
IKGPTU-20 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-2I 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-22 25 0.82 0.68
IKGPTU-23 39 14.82 2t9.76
IKGPTU-24 30 5.82 33.92
IKGPTU-25 27 2.82 7.98
IKGPTU-26 26 t.82 3.33
IKGPTU-27 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-28 26 1.82 3.33
IKGPTU-29 24 -0.r8 0.03
IKGPTU-30 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-3I 27 2.82 7.98
IKGPTU-32 40 r 5.82 2s0.41
IKGPTU-33 t2 -12.18 148.25
IKGPTU-34 -l7.18 295.00
ar

IKGPTU-35 28 3.82 14.63

IKGPTU-36 26 |.82 J.JJ
IKGPTU-37 24 -0.r8 0.03
IKGPTU-38 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-39 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-40 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-41 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-42 24 -0.l8 0.03
IKGPTU-43 26 a aa
1.82 J.JJ
IKGPTU-44 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-45 25 0.82 0.68
IKGPTU-46 0 -24.r8 584.46
IKGPTU.47 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-48 ll -1 3.1 8 r73.60
IKGPTU-49 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-50 24 -0.r8 0.03
IKGPTU-5I 26 t.82 J.JJ
IKGPTU-s2 7 -1 7.1 8 295.00
IKGPTU-s3 JZ 7.82 61.22
IKGPTU-s4 27 2.82 7.98
IKGPTU-55 12.82 t64.46
IKGPTU-s6 24 -0.r8 0.03
IKGPTU.57 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-58 27 2.82 7.98
IKGPTU-59 0 -24.18 s84.46
IKGPTU-60 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-6I 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-62 27 2.82 7.98
IKGPTU.63 25 0.82 0.68
IKGPTU-64 28 3.82 14.63
IKGPTU-65 0 -24.18 584.46
IKGPTU-66 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-67 25 0.82 0.68
IKGPTU-68 26 1.82 J.JJ
IKGPTU.69 25 0.82 0.68
IKGPTU-70 30 5.82 33.92
IKGPTU-7I 24 -0.18 0.03
IKGPTU-72 26 1.82 3.33

L7
!g

IKGPTU.73 34 9.82 96.s2

IKGPTU.74 24 -0.r8 0.03
TOTAL t789 5606.72
No. of Students 0\) 74
Mean (p) =Total Marks obtained
/No. of Students 24.18
STANDARD DEVIATION (o )
.lffi,1zt
#;Ie',-"r'
=8.76

r8

'd&'