1

Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mc979OhitAg
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 2
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
SIGN CONVENTIONS
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
The polarity
Henry Selvaraj;marks, + and -,Henry
Henry Selvaraj; are placed near
Selvaraj; the Selvaraj;
Henry conductors of the
Henry symbol
Selvaraj; thatSelvaraj;
Henry identifies
the voltage
Henry source.
Selvaraj; Henry If, for example,
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; sin ωt Selvaraj;
v =10.0 Henry in Fig. (a), terminal
Henry A isHenry
Selvaraj; positive with
Selvaraj;
respect
Henry to B for
Selvaraj; 0 > ωt
Henry > π , and
Selvaraj; B is
Henry positiveHenry
Selvaraj; with Selvaraj;
respect to π > ωt >Henry
A forSelvaraj;
Henry 2 π for the first
Selvaraj;
cycleSelvaraj;
Henry of the sine
Henryfunction.
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Similarly,
Henry a current
Selvaraj; Henrysource requires
Selvaraj; that a direction
Henry Selvaraj; be indicated,
Henry Selvaraj; Henry as well as
Selvaraj; the Selvaraj;
Henry
function,
Henry as shown
Selvaraj; Henryin Fig. (b).Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
For passive
Henry Selvaraj;circuit
Henryelements R, L, and
Selvaraj; Henry C, shown
Selvaraj; HenryinSelvaraj;
Fig.(c),Henry
the terminal where
Selvaraj; Henrythe
Selvaraj;
current
Henry entersHenry
Selvaraj; is generally
Selvaraj;treated
Henry as positive
Selvaraj; withSelvaraj;
Henry respect Henry
to the Selvaraj;
terminal Henry
whereSelvaraj;
the
current leaves.

Henry Selvaraj
 3
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
The power dissipated by a resistor can be
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
expressed in terms of R.
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
The power dissipated by a resistor may also be expressed in
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
terms
Henry ofHenry
Selvaraj; G as:Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Since
Henry R and
Selvaraj; GSelvaraj;
Henry are positive quantities,
Henry Selvaraj; the power
Henry Selvaraj; dissipated
Henry Selvaraj; in
Henry Selvaraj;
a resistor
Henry is always
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;positive. Thus,
Henry Selvaraj; HenryaSelvaraj;
resistor always
Henry Selvaraj;absorbs
Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
power
Henry from
Selvaraj; the
Henry circuit.
Selvaraj; This
Henry confirms
Selvaraj; the idea
Henry Selvaraj; Henry that a resistor
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
is aSelvaraj;
Henry passive element,
Henry incapable
Selvaraj; Henry of generating
Selvaraj; Henry energy.
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 4
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
A source
Henry Selvaraj; e.m.f.Henry
Henry Selvaraj; of 5Selvaraj;
V supplies a current
Henry Selvaraj; Henry of 3A for
Selvaraj; 10Selvaraj;
Henry
minutes.
Henry Selvaraj; How much
Henry Selvaraj; energy
Henry Selvaraj; is Selvaraj;
Henry provided HenryinSelvaraj;
this time?
Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
𝑊 = 𝑉𝐼𝑡 = 5 × 3 × 10 × 60 = 9 𝑘𝐽
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 5
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; HenryAn electric
Selvaraj; Henry iron draws
Selvaraj; 2 A at Henry
Henry Selvaraj; 120 V.Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henryfind its Henry
Selvaraj; resistance.
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
𝑅=𝑉/𝐼=120/2=60
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Ω Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 6
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Example
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Calculate: i, G and p
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj;
32 Henry Selvaraj;
8 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 7
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Calculate v, G and p.
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry 4Selvaraj; Henry
16 Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 8
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry
The Selvaraj;
plots of i, p,Henry Selvaraj;
and w Henry
illustrate thatSelvaraj;
p is Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj;
always positiveHenry Selvaraj;
and that Henry w,
the energy Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
although
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
aHenry
function of time, is always increasing. This is
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
the energy
Henry absorbed
Selvaraj; Henryby the resistor.
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 9
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Nodes, branches and loops

Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
HenryA network
Selvaraj; Henry is an interconnection
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henryof elements
Selvaraj; or
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henrydevices, whereas
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; a circuit
Henry is aHenry
Selvaraj; network
Selvaraj;providing
Henry Selvaraj;one
Henry Selvaraj;
Henryor moreHenry
Selvaraj; closed paths.
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
A Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry branchHenry represents a single
Selvaraj; Henry element
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
such as aHenry Selvaraj;
voltage Henry Selvaraj;
source Henry Selvaraj;
or a resistor.
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; HenryASelvaraj;
node Henry
is theSelvaraj;
pointHenry
of connection
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henrybetween
Selvaraj; Henry
two Selvaraj;
or more Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
branches.
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
The
Henry circuit
Selvaraj; has
Henry five Henry
Selvaraj; branches
Selvaraj;and three
Henry nodes.
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 10
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
A loop is any closed path in a circuit.
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
A loop is a closed path formed by starting at a
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
node, passing through a set of nodes, and
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
returning to the starting node without passing
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
through any node more than once. A loop is
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
said to be independent if it contains a branch
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
which is not in any other loop. Independent
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
loops or paths result in independent sets of
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
equations.
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 11
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• A network with b ranches,
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
n nodes, and l independent
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
loops will satisfy the
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
fundamental theorem of
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
network topology:
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
b=l+n−1
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 12
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

• Two or more elements are in series if they are

Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
cascaded or connected sequentially and
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
consequently carry the same current.
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• Two or more elements are in parallel if they
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
are connected to the same two nodes and
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
consequently have the same voltage across
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
them.
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 13
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
How many branches and nodes does the circuit
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
have? Identify the elements that are in series
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
and in parallel.
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 14
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 15

Kirchoff’s Laws
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

• Ohm’s law is not sufficient for circuit analysis

Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• Kirchoff’s laws complete the needed tools
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• There are two laws:
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
– Current law
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
– Voltage law
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 16
KCL
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• Kirchoff’s current law is based on
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
conservation of charge
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

• It states that the algebraic sum of currents

Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
entering a node (or a closed boundary) is
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
zero.
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• It can be expressed as:
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; HenryNSelvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

i 0
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
n Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henryn Selvaraj;
1 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 17
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
KVL
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• Kirchoff’s voltage law is based on
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
conservation of energy
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

• It states that the algebraic sum of

Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
voltages around a closed path (or loop) is
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
zero.
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• It can be expressed as:
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; HenryMSelvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

v 0
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
m Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
m Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry 1 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 18
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
How
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; toSelvaraj;
Henry apply Henry
KCL? Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 19
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
KCL also applies to a closed boundary
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry
The totalSelvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
current entering Henry
the closed Selvaraj;
surface Henry
is equal to theSelvaraj; Henry
total current Selvaraj;
leaving Henry Selvaraj;
the surface.
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 20
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Application of KCL
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
= Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry
A Selvaraj;
circuit Henry Selvaraj;
cannot Henry Selvaraj;
contain two Henry Selvaraj;
different Henry Selvaraj;
currents, I Henry Selvaraj;
1 and I2, in
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
series,
Henry Selvaraj;unless I1 = I2;Henry
Henry Selvaraj; otherwise
Selvaraj; KCL will be
Henry Selvaraj; violated.
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 21
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

KVL
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
The sign
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; on each
Henry voltage
Selvaraj; is theSelvaraj;
Henry polarityHenry
of the Selvaraj;
terminal
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; encountered
Henry Selvaraj;first as we
Henry travel around
Selvaraj; the
Henry Selvaraj;
loop. We
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; can Selvaraj;
Henry start withHenry
any branch and Henry
Selvaraj; go around the
Selvaraj;
loop either
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henryclockwise
Selvaraj;orHenry
counterclockwise.
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
SupposeHenry Selvaraj;
we start Henry
with the Selvaraj;
voltage Henry
source Selvaraj;
and go
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry
clockwise Selvaraj;
around Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
the loop,
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 22
KVL
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj;
When voltageHenry Selvaraj;
sources Henry Selvaraj;
are connected Henry Selvaraj;
in series, KVL can Henry
beSelvaraj;
appliedHenry Selvaraj;
to obtain
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
the total voltage. The combined voltage is the algebraic sum of the voltages of
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
the individual
Henry sources.
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 23
FindSelvaraj;
Henry voltages Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Assume that current
Henry Selvaraj; Henry iSelvaraj;
flows through the loopHenry
Henry Selvaraj; as shown in Fig.
Selvaraj; (b).
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry
BySelvaraj; , Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry
substitution
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 24
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
We apply KVL around the loop
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Substituting,
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 25
Find Selvaraj;
Henry the currents and
Henry voltages
Selvaraj; in the
Henry circuitHenry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Substituting
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry , Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Loop 1:
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
LoopSelvaraj;
Henry 2: Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 26
Series Resistors
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• Two resistors are considered in
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
series if the same current pass
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
through them
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

• Take the circuit shown:

Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• Applying Ohm’s law to both
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
resistors
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
v  iR v  iR
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj;1 Henry Selvaraj;
1 2Henry Selvaraj;
2 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• If we apply KVL to the loop we
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
have: v  v  v  0
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
1
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;2 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 27
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Series Resistors II
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• Combining the two equations:
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
v  v  v  iR  R
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; 1 Selvaraj;
Henry

Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
1 2 2 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• From this we can see there is an equivalent
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
resistance of the two resistors:
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
 R1Selvaraj;
ReqHenry
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;  R2 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

• For N resistors in series:

Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; HenryNSelvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; 
 Selvaraj;
ReqHenry Rn Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
n 1Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry

Henry Selvaraj
 28
Voltage Division
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• The voltage drop across any one resistor can
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
be known.
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

• The current through all the resistors is the

Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

same, so using Ohm’s law:

Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
R1 Henry Selvaraj; Henry
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; R2 Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj;  Selvaraj; Henry
v1Henry 2 
v vSelvaraj; v Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj;
 R2 Henry Selvaraj;
R1Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry  R2Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
R1Henry
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

• This is the principle of voltage division

Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 29
Parallel Resistors
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• When resistors are in parallel, the
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
voltage drop across them is the
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
same v Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry i1R1 Henry
i2 R2Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• By KCL, the current at node a is
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
 i1  iHenry
Henry Selvaraj; HenryiSelvaraj; 2
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• The equivalent resistance is:
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
R1 RHenry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

ReqSelvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry
2
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
R1  Henry
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; R2 Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 30
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
ForSelvaraj;
Henry example, if fourHenry
Henry Selvaraj; 100-resistors
Selvaraj; Henryare connected
Selvaraj; in Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj;
parallel,
Henry Selvaraj; their equivalent
Henry Selvaraj; resistance
Henry Selvaraj; is 25. Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Conductances
Henry in parallel
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; behave
Henry Selvaraj; as aHenry
Henry Selvaraj; single
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
conductance
Henry whose
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; value
Henry Selvaraj;isHenry
equal to the
Selvaraj; Henrysum ofHenry
Selvaraj; theSelvaraj;
individual
Henry conductances.
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 31
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
ReqSelvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry = ? Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 32
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 33
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 34
Current Division
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• Given the current entering the node, the voltage drop
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
across the equivalent resistance will be the same as
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
that for the individual resistors
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
iR1 R2 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
v  iR 
1  R2 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; eq
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; HenryR Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• This can be used in combination with Ohm’s law to
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
get the current through each resistor:
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
iR iR
i  i 
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry
2 Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
1 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry
1 Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
2 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
R R
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
1 Henry R R
2 Selvaraj; Henry
1 Selvaraj;
2 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 35
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 36
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Wye-Delta Transformations
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• There are cases where resistors are
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
neither parallel nor series
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• Consider the bridge circuit shown
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
here
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

• This circuit can be simplified to a

Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
three-terminal equivalent
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 37
Wye-Delta Transformations II
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Two topologies can be
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
interchanged:
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
– Wye (Y) or tee (T) networks
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
– Delta (Δ) or pi (Π) networks
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
– Transforming between these
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
two topologies often makes
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
the solution of a circuit easier
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 38
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Wye-Delta Transformations III
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• The superimposed wye and
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
delta circuits shown here will be
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
used for reference
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• The delta consists of the outer
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
resistors, labeled a,b, and c
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• The wye network are the inside
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
resistors, labeled 1,2, and 3
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 39
Delta to Wye
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• The conversion formula for a delta to wye
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
transformation are:
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
RR
R 
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
b c Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
R R R
Henry Selvaraj;
1 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry
a Selvaraj;
b Henry
c Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
RR
R 
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
c a Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
R R R
Henry Selvaraj;
2 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry
a Selvaraj;
b Henry
c Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
RR
R 
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
a b Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
R R R
Henry Selvaraj;
3 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry
a Selvaraj;
b Henry
c Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 40
Wye to Delta
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
• The conversion formula for a wye to delta
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
transformation are:
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

RR R R R R
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

R 
Henry Selvaraj; Henry
1 2 Selvaraj;
2 3Henry Selvaraj;
3 1 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj;
a Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
R
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
1 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
RR R R R R
R 
Henry Selvaraj; Henry
1 2 Selvaraj;
2 3Henry Selvaraj;
3 1 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj;
b Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
R
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
2 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
RR R R R R
Henry Selvaraj; Henry
1 2 Selvaraj;
2 3Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
R 
Henry Selvaraj;
c
3 1
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
R
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
3 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 41
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Practice problems
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 42
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 43
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 44
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 45
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
HenryDetermine
Selvaraj; Henryall
Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
the currents andHenry Selvaraj; in
voltages Henry
theSelvaraj;
figure. Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 46
Find I and Vab
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 47
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Determine i1 and i2; v1 and v2
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 48
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

HW2
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
1. Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;2 Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 49
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

HW2
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
3. Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;4.Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 50
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

HW2
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
5. Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;6.Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj
 51
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

HW2
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
7. Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;8.Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;
Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj; Henry Selvaraj;

Henry Selvaraj