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Project Description S18

This document outlines a final project assignment for a course on earthquake hazard mitigation. Students are asked to: [1] Analyze earthquake ground motion data to design a base isolation system for a 3-story building; [2] Model the fixed-base and base-isolated buildings and compare their seismic performance; [3] Design bearings for the isolation system; [4] Optimize the design to minimize a force function considering peak acceleration and bearing displacement; [5] Report the best design and associated analysis results. The grade will depend on accuracy, design efficiency, and presentation quality.

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Ho-Shing Chau
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28 views

Project Description S18

This document outlines a final project assignment for a course on earthquake hazard mitigation. Students are asked to: [1] Analyze earthquake ground motion data to design a base isolation system for a 3-story building; [2] Model the fixed-base and base-isolated buildings and compare their seismic performance; [3] Design bearings for the isolation system; [4] Optimize the design to minimize a force function considering peak acceleration and bearing displacement; [5] Report the best design and associated analysis results. The grade will depend on accuracy, design efficiency, and presentation quality.

Uploaded by

Ho-Shing Chau
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CEE 247, Spring 2018

Instructor: J. Zhang Due June 15, 2018

CEE 247 EARTHQUAKE HAZARD MITIGATION


Final Project

A three-story shear-type RC building is to be retrofitted with isolation devices at its first


story. The un-retrofitted building can be idealized into a three-degree freedom linear system,
whose mass and stiffness properties are shown in Figure below. The structural damping is
approximated with Rayleigh damping, whose parameters are determined based on 2% modal
damping for the first two modes. The footprint of the building is about 18m by 18m and the total
height of the building is 12m with 4m story height. Use SI units for all your calculations and
results.

M2 M2

K2 K2
M1 M1

K1 K1
Mb Mb

K0

Fixed-Base Structure Isolated Structure

M 1 = M 2 = M b = 325000kg K1 = K2 = K0 = 300MN  m

1. The design earthquake motions include 7 ground motions (listed in Table 1 below)
recorded in past earthquakes in California. Their data files as well as plot files are posted on
CCLE. Construct 5% damping response spectrum (relative displacement and total acceleration)
for each individual earthquake and the averaged response spectrum based on all earthquakes. Use
the response spectrum as guidance to choose the target isolation period of the base-isolated
building. When isolation is used, the base story is replaced with the isolation devices whose
behavior is nonlinear.
2. Formulate the equation of motion for the fixed-base building using the relative
displacements to ground as unknowns (i.e., u s0 , u s1 and u s2 represents the relative displacement

of base story, first story and the second story to the ground respectively). Obtain the natural

1
CEE 247, Spring 2018
Instructor: J. Zhang Due June 15, 2018

periods and natural modes of the fixed-base building. Construct a linear time history analysis
program in MATLAB for the fixed-base building using the built in ODE solver. Verify the
solutions of your program by comparing to results by modal analysis or Newmark method.
Compute the inter-story drifts, floor total accelerations and base shears under the design
earthquake motions.

Table 1. Earthquake records selected for design and simulation


Distance Peak Peak
Record Station Earthquake Magnitude to Fault Acceleration Velocity
Mw (km) (g) (m/s)
Pacoima Dam 1971 San Fernando 6.6 8.5 1.17 1.14
El Centro Array #5 1979 Imperial Valley 6.4 30.4 0.38 0.99
El Centro Array #7 1979 Imperial Valley 6.4 29.4 0.46 1.13
Lucerne Valley 1992 Landers 7.3 42.0 0.71 1.36
Rinaldi 1994 Northridge 6.7 9.9 0.89 1.75
Sylmar 1994 Northridge 6.7 12.3 0.73 1.22
Newhall 1994 Northridge 6.7 20.2 0.59 0.96

3. Conduct a sample bearing design for the building based on the target isolation period and
the design displacement from Part 1. You need to provide the number of bearings needed, type of
bearing, dimensions of bearing and nonlinear mechanical properties of the bearing for numerical
analysis along with all applicable model parameters.
4. Formulate the equations of motion for the base-isolated building using the relative
displacements to ground as unknowns (i.e., u s1 and u s2 represents the relative displacement of

the first story and the second story to the ground respectively while u b represents the relative

displacement in isolator to ground). Construct a nonlinear time history analysis program in


MATLAB for base-isolated building where Bouc-Wen model is used to model the nonlinear
behavior of isolation devices. Use your program to compute the inter-story drifts, floor total
accelerations and the base shears of the building above the isolation layer and compare with the
fixed-base building case. Compute the displacement and shear in the isolation unit.
5. In order to achieve the optimum design, the design objective is to minimize a force
quantity, which is a function of both the peak top floor absolute acceleration and bearing
ꞏꞏ  u  = Q + 2K u + M U
displacement as defined by f  U ꞏꞏ
2 b p b 2 2 , where Q is the characteristic

ꞏꞏ is the total
strength of the isolator, K p is the post-yielding stiffness of the isolator and U 2

2
CEE 247, Spring 2018
Instructor: J. Zhang Due June 15, 2018

acceleration at the second floor. Adjust the mechanical properties of the bearing and conduct the
nonlinear time history analysis to improve your building performance. Report the best design you
can come up with including their mechanical properties and the associated force functions based
on computed response quantities under each earthquake.
6. Prepare a written report and submit the hard copy before 5PM on June 15, 2018. The
main body of the report should be written like a technical paper, including abstract, problem
statement, approach, representative results and summary or conclusion. Appendices may be used
to provide supporting data, hand calculations and MATLAB programs developed. The final grade
will be based on: 1) accuracy and completeness of the work (65%); 2) efficiency of the design (i.e.
how good is your design compared with others) (15%); and 3) presentation and organization of
the material (20%). Submit all your MATLAB codes in a single zip file on CCLE along with your
report.

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