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Ied Explosive Effects Fundamentals

This document provides an overview of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and their effects. It defines IEDs and describes their key components known as "PIES" - Power, Initiator, Explosive, and Switch. It explains the blast, thermal, and fragmentation effects of explosions. It also outlines important safety considerations for responding to potential IEDs, such as secondary devices, evacuation distances, and preventing approach. The objectives are to define IEDs, identify their components, describe explosive effects, and explain IED response safety factors.

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RJay Jacaban
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
179 views

Ied Explosive Effects Fundamentals

This document provides an overview of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and their effects. It defines IEDs and describes their key components known as "PIES" - Power, Initiator, Explosive, and Switch. It explains the blast, thermal, and fragmentation effects of explosions. It also outlines important safety considerations for responding to potential IEDs, such as secondary devices, evacuation distances, and preventing approach. The objectives are to define IEDs, identify their components, describe explosive effects, and explain IED response safety factors.

Uploaded by

RJay Jacaban
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IED and Explosive Effects

Fundamentals
DHS-MITG-253
Version 4

Office for Bombing Prevention


IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Objectives
At the end of this module, participants will be able to:
1) Define the term “Improvised Explosive Device” (IED)

2) Identify the components of an IED

3) Describe blast, thermal, and fragmentation effects

4) Explain factors to take into consideration when responding to


a potential IED

Office for Bombing Prevention


IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

IED Identification Exercise #1 (60 sec)


• Identify a partner (teams of 2)
• Team member #1 is the “Identifier”
• Team member #2 is the “Drawer”
• Team member #1 will have a 60 second view of the IED and 5
min to describe the IED to team member #2 for them to draw
• Team members will have their backs toward each other
• Compare results
• Team members switch tasks and repeat
• Compare results

Office for Bombing Prevention


IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

IED Definition
A device placed or fabricated in an improvised
manner incorporating destructive, lethal, noxious,
pyrotechnic, or incendiary chemicals and designed
to destroy, incapacitate, harass, or distract. It may
incorporate military stores, but is normally devised
from nonmilitary components.

Department of Defense Joint Publication 1-02


Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Why Use IEDs?


• Proven effective
• Instructions and materials
readily available
• Inexpensive
• Psychological effect

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

IED Components: “PIES”

Explosive
Initiator

Switch

Power source

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Power Source

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Initiator

Commercial
or Military:

Improvised:

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Explosives
Low explosive:
• Chemical compound or mixture designed to deflagrate
(burn rapidly)
• Generally requires confinement to explode
High explosive:
• Chemical compound or mixture capable of supporting or
sustaining a detonation wave

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Explosives

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Commercial/Military Explosives

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Homemade Explosives (HME)


• Easily manufactured
• Ingredients readily available
• Easily initiated

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Switch

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Switch Functioning

Arming Switch Firing Switch

Initiator
Power
Supply Test Light

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Switch Functioning

Arming Switch Firing Switch

Initiator
Power
Supply Test Light

Office for Bombing Prevention


IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Switch Functioning

Arming Switch Firing Switch

Initiator
Power
Supply Test Light

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

PIES

“PIES” = IED No “P” = No IED

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

IED Containers
• Provide concealment
• Provide transport
• Increase lethality

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Which Items Could Contain an IED?

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Identify the “PIES”


Shoe Bomber – Richard Reid
• Power = Heat (match)
• Initiator = Improvised TATP
detonator
• Explosives = Plastic explosive (PETN)
and detonation cord
• Switch = Richard Reid and time fuse

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Explosive Effects

• Blast: Broken, crushed, or


deformed items
• Thermal: Burned, charred,
or deformed items
• Fragmentation: Shrapnel
from bomb parts or debris

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Blast

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Example 1: Secondary Blast Effects


• Reflection
• Focusing
• Shielding

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Example 2: Secondary
Blast Effects

Office for Bombing Prevention 23


IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Thermal Effects
Temperatures reach thousands of
degrees
• High explosives – short duration
• Low explosives – long duration

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Fragmentation
Primary (1000s of feet per second)
• Container
• Munitions case
• Shrapnel
Secondary (100s of feet per second)
• Includes primary fragmentation
• Debris located near the seat of the blast

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Response Considerations
• Secondary devices and
explosions
• Multiple simultaneous
devices

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Basic Precautions
• Do not touch suspicious items
• Notify proper authorities

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Explosive Hazards
• Heat
• Shock
• Friction
• Static

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IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Evacuation Considerations
• Communicate the need for
evacuation
• Determine approximate
“evacuation distance”
• Conduct evacuation away
from the threat
• Prevent others from
approaching

Office for Bombing Prevention


IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

IED Identification Exercise #1 (15 sec)


• Identify a partner (teams of 2)
• Team member #1 is the “Identifier”
• Team member #2 is the “Drawer”
• Team member #1 will have 15 seconds to view the IED and 5
min to describe the IED to team member #2 for them to draw
• Team members will have their backs toward each other
• Compare results
• Team members switch tasks and repeat
• Compare results

Office for Bombing Prevention


IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Summary
Are you able to:
• Define the term “Improvised Explosive Device” (IED)?
• Identify the components of an IED?
• Describe blast, thermal, and fragmentation effects?
• Explain factors to take into consideration when responding to
a potential IED?

Office for Bombing Prevention


IED and Explosive Effects Fundamentals

Questions?

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DHS – Office for Bombing Prevention

For more information visit:


http://www.dhs.gov/obp
Or contact us at:
[email protected]

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