International Journal of Students Research in Technology & Management

Vol 2 (02), March-April 2014, ISSN 2321-2543, pg. 67-70

DESIGN OF BORDER ALERT SYSTEM

FOR FISHERMEN USING GPS
D. Arunvijay1, E. Yuvaraj 2
Department of ECE, Karpagam College of Engineering
Coimbatore, India
1
[email protected]
2
[email protected]

Abstract— In day-to- day life we hear about many tamil which determines the latitude and longitude and indicates
fishermen being caught and put under srilankan custody and the position of the fishermen to them. Then it gives the
even killed. The sea border between the countries is not easily output which gets read and displayed in the LCD. The same
identifiable, which is the main reason for this cross border data is sent to the mobile of the fisherman and
cruelty. Here we have designed a system using embedded system
simultaneously the same data is sent to the Sea border
which protects the fishermen by notifying the country border to
them by using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global security. An EEPROM is used to store the data, received by
system for mobile communication (GSM). We use GPS receiver GPS receiver. The hardware which interfaces with
to find the current location of the fishing boat or vessel. Using microcontroller are LCD display, GSM modem and GPS
GPS, we can find the current latitude and longitude values and is Receiver.GPS (Global Positioning System) is increasingly
sent to the microcontroller unit. Then the controller unit finds the being used for a wide range of applications. It provides
current locationby comparing the present latitude and reliable positioning, navigation, and timing services to
longitudinal values with the predefined value. Then from the worldwideusers on a continuous basis in all weather, day
result of the comparison, this system aware the fishermenthat and night, anywhere on or near the Earth. 28 satellites
they are about to reach the nautical border. The area is divided
inclined at 55° to the equator orbit the Earth every 11 hours
into four zones- normal zone, warning zone, zone near to
restricted zone and finally the restricted zone. If the boat is in and 58minutes at a height of 20,180 km on 6 different
normal area, then the LCDdisplays normal zone. Thus they can orbital Lanes and each one of these satellites has up to four
make it clear that the boat is in normal area. In case it moves atomic clocks on board. All we require is an accurate clock.
further and reaches the warning zone,the LCD displays warning By comparing the arrival time of the satellite signal with the
zone. If the fisherman ignores the warning or fail to see the onboard clock time, at which the signal was emitted, the
display and movefurther, and if the boat enters the zone nearer to latitude and longitudinal degree of the boat’s location is
the restricted zone the alarm will turn on and the speed of the determined. The current design is an embedded application,
boat engine automatically gets controlled by 50%. If the which will continuously monitor a moving Boat and once
fisherman did not take any reaction about the alarm and move
the boat goes beyond the level of the defined layer the
further, then the boat will enter into the restricted zone, the
alarm continues to beep as before, and once it touches the particular operation will be done. For doing so an
restricted zone, the boat engine gets off by the control of fuel AT89c51microcontroller is interfaced serially to a GSM
supply to engine. MODEM AND GPS receiver.

I. INTRODUCTION
The Tamil Nadu fishermen even today invoke the
historical rights and routinely stay into the International
Maritime Boundary Line (IMBL) for fishing. From Tamil
Nadu about 18,000 boats of different kinds conduct fishing
along the India-Sri Lanka maritime border. But by
accidentally crossing the border without knowledge, they get
shot by the Lankan navy. This leads to loss in the both
humans as well as their economic incomes. We have
developed a system which eliminates such problems and
saves the lives of the fishermen.
II. WORKING PRINCIPLE
The GPS Modem will continuously give the signal Fig 1. GPS working

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 International Journal of Students Research in Technology & Management
Vol 2 (02), March-April 2014, ISSN 2321-2543, pg. 67-70

III. EXISTING SYSTEM beyond the border, then an alarm is generated along with a
At the present time there are few existing systems message transmission by a GSM.
whichhelp to identify the current position of the boats/ships
usingGPS System and view them on an electronic map. For
thepurpose of identification the fisherman are using the
GPS72h, equipment used for the navigation in sea.
Itprovides the fastest and most accurate method for
marinersto navigate, measure speed, and determines
location. Thissystem enables increased levels of safety and
efficiency. Itensures whether the ship reaches its destination
safely. The accurate position information becomes even
more critical as the vessel departs from or arrives in port.
IV. PROPOSED SYSTEM
The proposed system uses a GPS receiver which
receives signal from the satellite and gives the current Fig. 3 System Flow Diagram
position ofthe boat. The proposed system is used to detect
the border ofthe country through the specified longitude and VII. GLOBAL POSITIONING DEVICE
latitude ofthe position, not only between Sri Lanka and India
but allover the world. The particular layer level i.e. border A GPS navigation device is any device that receives
can bepredefined and this can be stored in microcontroller Global Positioning System (GPS) signals for the purpose of
memory. The current value is compared with predefined determining the device's current location on Earth.
values and if thesevalues are same, immediately the GPSdevices provide latitude and longitude information,
particular operation will be done i.e, the microcontroller andsome may also calculate altitude. GPS devices are used
gives instruction to the alarm to buzzer.It also uses a inmilitary, aviation, marine and consumer product
message transmitter to send message to thebase station applications.
which monitors the boats in the sea. Thesystem provides an VIII. GPS ACCURACY
indication to both fisherman and to coastal guard. Thus it
saves the lives of thefisherman and alerts the base station to The accuracy of GPS depends on the type of receiver.
provide help. Mosthand-held GPS units have about 10-20 meter accuracy.
Other types of receivers use a method called
V. PROPOSED SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE DifferentialGPS (DGPS) to obtain much higher accuracy.
DGPSrequires an additional receiver fixed at a known
locationnearby. Observations made by the stationary
receiver are used to correct positions recorded by the roving
units,producing an accuracy greater than 1meter.
IX. CONTROLLER

Fig. 2 Block diagram

VI. PROPOSED SYSTEM FLOW D IAGRAM

The GPS receiver receives the signal and converts it into
desired data message. The data is sent to microcontroller and
microcontroller extracts the latitude and longitude from the
data. The positions are compared with the stored Boundary
latitude and longitude positions. If the vessel is found

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 International Journal of Students Research in Technology & Management
Vol 2 (02), March-April 2014, ISSN 2321-2543, pg. 67-70

Microcontroller receives the data from the GPSreceiver The boundary between India and Sri Lanka in the waters
through UART. The data received containsmanydetails from Adam's Bridge to Palk Strait shall be arcs of Great
along with latitude and longitude. The latitudeand Longitude Circles between the following positions, in the
of the current position is separated fromthe detailed data sequencegiven above, defined by latitude and longitude.
from GPS. The current positions arecompared with already
X. MARITIME BOUNDARY BETWEEN INDIA AND SRI LANKA
stored latitude and longitude ofcountriesboundary locations.
At first the latitude is compared with stored latitude which The boundary points are marked above. These points
identifies if the current position is located near to the should be stored in microcontroller. The computationis done
boundary. If the latitude matches then the adjacent latitudes inmicrocontrollerwith these points. Thus vesselcrossing the
and longitudes of the present latitude is retrieved from the border is being calculated.
microcontroller. The current position received from GPS is
stored as S1(latitude), S2 (longitude). The latitude S1 is
compared with stored latitudes.
If latitude match, then adjacent latitude and longitudes
(X1, Y1 and X2, Y2) are retrieved from stored table and
substituted in the equation given below:
Postions Latitude Longitude
Position 1 12° 05'.0 N 82° 03'.0 E
Position 2 12° 05'.8 N 82° 05'.0 E
Position 3 12° 08'.4 N 82° 09'.5 E
Position 4 12° 33' 0 N 82° 46'.0 E XI. CONSEQUENCE
Boat Position and Navigation System contains,
(Y-Y1)/(Y2-Y1) = (X-X1)/(X2-X1)
 Layer1: Green LED indication
By simplification, we get ax + by = c  Layer2: Red LED indication
Now, S1 and S2 are substituted in aboveequation of line.  Layer3:Alarm indication &speed control
 Layer 4: Engine off
Here two cases are possible:
XII. GSM MODULE
Case 1: If LHS<RHS, then vessel is inside country
border. GSM module is used for transmission of message
When vessel is inside country’s border, the seeking assistance. GSM cannot be used in oceans as towers
microcontrollergets the input from GPS receiver after a short cannot be placed in oceans. Thus CDMA network or
delayloop.Latitude and longitude is extracted and satellites can be used for message transmissions .When
manipulation withthe new locations is done in the algorithm. vessel crosses border, the stored message along with current
latitude and longitude positions is sent to the desired GSM
Case 2: If LHS>RHS, then vessel has crossed border. module which is stored already. The prototype of the device
When vessel crosses border, an alarm is is show in the below.
generatedimmediately. Along with alarm a signal is also sent
toGSMmodule for transmission of message to desired
sender. Alarm continues until the vessel comes back
insidethe country’s border.

XIII. CALCULATING THE POSITIONS

Because GPS receivers do not have atomic clocks, there
is agreat deal of uncertainty when measuring the size of
theSpheres. Each radius corresponds to the distance
calculatedto the satellite. All possible distances to the
satellite arelocated on the circumference of the circle. If the

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 International Journal of Students Research in Technology & Management
Vol 2 (02), March-April 2014, ISSN 2321-2543, pg. 67-70

positionabove the satellites is excluded, the location of the  Incase of any accident on the sea. it can be detected
receiveris at the exact pointWhere the three circles intersect by the system and the accident location of the boat is
beneaththe satellites. Although the distance to the satellites sent to the rescue team.
canonly be roughly estimated at first, a GPS receiver
canprecisely calculate these distances relative to each XVII. APPLICATION
other.Because the relative size of the spheres is known, there
isonly one possible point where they can intersect.  We can use this device also as bomb detector
 Location of any lost vehicle could be found

XIV. DISPLAY UNIT

A LCD display16×2 is used for displaying the latitude
XVIII. ADVANTAGES
andlongitude. LCD display is connected to port 1
oftheMicrocontroller. Every pin of port 1 is connected  Accuracy determination of location
toLCD display. Message is sent through commands viaserial  Maintenance cost is low
Communication.  Easily replaceable
XV. FUTURE SCOPE
XIX. CONCLUSION
 We can use the EEPROM to store the previous
NavigatingPositions up to 256 locations.we can Thus the fishermen can easily identify the national sea
navigate up toNnumber of locations by increasing the borders and therefore prevents them from entering their
memory ofEEPROM. area. Thus saving their lives and providing good relationship
 We can reduce the size of the kit by using with the neighbouring countries. Also, the piracy of ship
GPS+GSMon the same module of GPS navigator. can be easily brought under control.
 We can increase the accuracy up to 3m by REFERENCES
increasingthe cost of the GPS receivers.
[1] GPS-based vessel position monitoring and display system.
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, IEEE, Jul 1990.
XVI. BENEFITS [2] www.falcomusa.com.
[3] A. Michalski, J. Czajewski, The accuracy of the global
 The hijack of the ship by the pirates can be positioning systems, IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement
eradicated. Magazine, vol. 7 (1), pp. 56–60, 2004.
[4] http://earth.google.com/.
 The lost ship wrecks due to natural calamities can be [5] M. Diaz, ‘Integrating GPS receivers into consumer mobile.
identified
 By keeping the kits in the entire boats and by
knowing the locations of all the boats we can use our
kit to assist the traffic.

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