Group 4

[Type the document subtitle]

Chapter 8 Description &

Chapter 9 Discussion
Rahmiza Dewi

 Masri Manas
 Rahmiza Dewi
 Rizki Amalia
 DESCRIPTION
Descriptive is a type of text which gives description about an object (living or non-living
things) such as person, place or thing.

 Social Function
The social function of writing descriptive text is to describe a particular person, place,
thing, or animal.
 Generic Structure
It consists of two parts:
 Identification.
It is the statement that consist of one topic to be describe
 Description
It consists of the details description about the object that is identified in
identification.
 Language Features
In descriptive text, it focuses on:
 Specific Participant
 Uses of Attributes
 Declarative Sentence
 Simple Present Tense
Example:

Title Erlenmeyer Flask

An Erlenmeyer flask is a type of laboratory flask which features a flat
Identification bottom, a conical body, and a cylindrical neck. It is named after the German
chemist Emil Erlenmeyer (1825–1909), who created it in 1860.
Erlenmeyer flasks have wide bases, with sides that taper upward to a
short vertical neck. They may be graduated, and often spots of ground glass
or enamel are used where they can be labeled with a pencil. It differs from
the beaker in its tapered body and narrow neck.
The mouth of the Erlenmeyer flask can have a beaded lip that can be
stoppered using a piece of cotton wool, rubber bung, or similar.
Alternatively, the neck may be fitted with a female ground glass joint to
accept a glass stopper.
The tapered sides and narrow neck of this flask allow the contents of the
Description flask to be mixed by swirling, without risk of spillage, making them suitable
for titrations. Such features similarly make the flask suitable for boiling
liquids. Hot vapors condense on the upper section of the Erlenmeyer flask,
reducing reducing solvent loss. Erlenmeyer flasks' narrow necks can also
support filter funnels. Erlenmeyer flasks are also used in microbiology for
the preparation of microbial cultures. It has the most significant impact on
oxygen transfer. solvent loss. Erlenmeyer flasks' narrow necks can also
support filter funnels.
Erlenmeyer flasks are also used in microbiology for the preparation of
microbial cultures. It has the most significant impact on oxygen transfer.
Five Types of Descriptive Text

1. Describing Process
It describes how something is accomplished, why it is done and what is needed to
complete the process.
2. Describing an event
It describes all details related to the event, so that the readers can imagine the real
situation and condition perfectly.
3. Describing a personality
It describes a person is recognizing the individual characteristics by physical
appearance (hair, eyes, skin), emotional (warm, nervous,), attributes (greedy, honest,
humble, trust) and intellectual.

Title PROF. DR. M. SARDJITO, M.D., M.P.H.

Prof. Dr. M. Sardjito was born on August 13, 1889 in Magetan, East
Java. He is indonesian. He is a Doctor and also the founding father of
Identification Gadjah Mada University. He ever works in Jakarta Laboratory center. He is
a great doctor who spends his time mostly in laboratory. He does research
about influenza, dysentery bacillary and leprosy.
Dr. M. Sardjito help patients sincerely, he is so smart, trust, wise and
respect people. He lives to help everyone who needs him. Dr. M. Sardjito is
a humble, patient and gentle person. He has a simple personality, he likes to
Description
help everyone, no matter who they are. He prefers to give something than
asks something from everyone. He is diligent and optimist doing something
including research.

4. Describing place
It describes place, for example; a house, library, swimming pool, bus station and
market.

Title Venice
One of the famous cites in Italy is Venice. It gets its popularity because
Identification Venice is a rich and interesting city. It has a lot of history documentations
and offers a lot of attractive things to visitors.
Venice has been established over 2000 years ago when waves of
barbarians drove people out of their homes in various Roman cities. Around
years 800-1100 AD, Venice underwent a period of growth, and became more
centralized. It gradually developed into a city state, which is essentially a
self-governed region of a country that trades freely among others.
As Venice gradually developed, it became a prominent player in the sea
trade of the time. It was set upon by many different threats. Pirates became
Description
the hugest problem. Fewer and fewer shipments were making it through the
treacherous water. It happened when the Republic of Venice decided to
move the operations to the eastern shores.
When we think of Venice, the first thing which comes to mind are
canals. They are considered the trademark of the city. Canals are mostly
recognizable for providing the main form of transportation throughout the
city. Visiting Venice brings a rich aura of history and culture. Floating
 through the canals for an afternoon makes for a memorable experience, and
it’s one that any traveler commonly enjoys.

5. Describing an object
It describes an object accurately is done through providing the physical objects’
characteristics such as color, form, shape etc.

Title Plasma Membrane

The plasma membrane is the boundary between the cell and its
environment. It regulates what enters and exits the cell. Cells must maintain
an appropriate amount of molecules to function inside them. They must also
have a way to keep things out or to allow things to enter. This is the job of
Identification
the plasma membrane. The plasma membrane is like the guard at a gated
community. The guard must inspect those who enter and those who leave to
make sure that only the people and things needed in the community are
there.
The plasma membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer, which are
two layers of phospholipids back-to-back. Phospholipids are lipids with a
phosphate group attached to them. The phospholipids have one head and two
tails. The head is polar and hydrophilic, or water-loving. The tails are
Description nonpolar and hydrophobic, or waterfearing.
All living cells must maintain a balance regardless of external or internal
conditions. This includes regulating what can enter and exit the cell. The
plasma membrane serves as a gateway to allow or block the entry or exit of
materials.
 DISCUSSION

 Discussion is a process in finding the solution between two different thoughts, views
or Opinions.
 The purpose of discussion is used to present different opinions on a particular issue or
topic
 Generic structure :
 Issue
It contains the issue or problem discussed
 Arguments for
It provides opinion that supports the issue
 Arguments against
It provides the opinion that contrasts the issue
 Conclusion
It gives conclusion or recommendation for the issue discussed
 Language Features
 Using simple present tense
 Using modal : must, should, could, may, etc.
 Using additive, contrastive, casual connection, such as however, furthermore,
similarly, on the other hand
 Relating verb/to be: is, am, are, etc.
 Using thinking verb: feel, hope, believe, etc.
 Using adverbial of manner: deliberately, hopefully, etc.
 Conjunction/transition: although, even, if, etc.

Example of Discussion Text:

Games

Game comes from the English language meaning the game.

In every game there are different rules - different to start the game
that make the game more varied types. Almost everyone love to play
Issue
games either small children, teenagers and adults, may only differ
from the types of games he played alone. Game is an integral part for
life.

Many people think that playing games can be used as

entertainment while being stressed, games for kids is an excellent
medium to increase intelligence, brain development and
Arguments for responsiveness. Moreover, it can improve concentration and trained
to solve problems accurately and quickly because in the game there
are conflicts or problems that require us to complete it accurately and
quickly. Games favored by all ages, from children to adults.
 There are also people who think that playing games can
affect a person's life, by playing games on the computer too long will
Arguments damage the eye, and if it can not control his mind not to continue
Agains playing the game then that person has an addiction that can not be
thinking about the good things and more important than just playing
games all the time and make the other activities to be delayed.

So, should we have to divide their time between playing

games and doing other activities. Other activities in order to run
Conclusion
smoothly and not delayed. Besides playing games activities also
continue running and does not interfere with other activities.

To make the writing become easier the writer can use a concept map. The concept map
is also known as “reverse outline”. Write down the main idea of each paragraph. It will help
us become more aware of how to develop your argument coherently and how to organize the
ideas effectively.

Cohesion refers to connectitivity in a text while Coherence refers to how easy it is to

understand the writing.