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Plants Powerpoint

The document summarizes key characteristics and evolutionary history of plants. It describes how plants evolved from green algae to more complex forms like mosses, ferns, gymnosperms and flowering plants. It outlines distinguishing features of different plant groups including their cells, tissues, reproduction methods and nutrient/water transport systems. It also explains the purpose and development of plant structures like roots, stems, leaves, seeds and fruits.

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61 views

Plants Powerpoint

The document summarizes key characteristics and evolutionary history of plants. It describes how plants evolved from green algae to more complex forms like mosses, ferns, gymnosperms and flowering plants. It outlines distinguishing features of different plant groups including their cells, tissues, reproduction methods and nutrient/water transport systems. It also explains the purpose and development of plant structures like roots, stems, leaves, seeds and fruits.

Uploaded by

sukmawati
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 22

Chapters 22-24

KINGDOM PLANTAE
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

• Cell type

• Cell organization

• MoN

• Mostly terrestrial, some aquatic

• Cell walls made of


WHAT PLANTS NEED TO SURVIVE

• •

•gas exchange, and movement of water


WHICH GROUP DO SCIENTISTS BELIEVE PLANTS
EVOLVED FROM?

A. Fungi
B. Protozoans
C. Algae
D. Bacteria
Evolution of Plants

Flowering
plants
Cone-bearing
plants

Ferns and
their relatives Flowers; Seeds
Mosses and Enclosed in Fruit
their relatives

Seeds

Water-Conducting
(Vascular) Tissue

Green algae
ancestor
MOSSES
• low-growing (“carpet-like”), found in moist areas
• No seeds
• No vascular tissue
FERNS

 No seeds
 Have vascular tissue – specialized tissues to
transport water, minerals, and nutrients
 Xylem – transports water from roots to leaves
 Phloem – transports nutrients from leaves to roots

 Allowed the formation of ROOT, STEMS, and LEAVES

 Allows plants to grow TALLER!


ROOTS
 absorbs water and minerals from soil
 anchors plant into ground.
STEMS
 structural support for upright growth
LEAF
 carries out most photosynthesis
FERNS
 reproduce by forming spores on underside of
leaves
 Reproduction is dependent on water – sperm
must swim to the egg
GYMNOSPERMS & ANGIOSPERMS

 Contain adaptations that allow plants to


reproduce without water: Flowers or cones
(gametes grow within these), transfer of sperm by
pollen, seeds that house embryo
POLLEN
 produce pollen - contains the male gamete (sperm)
 Pollination – pollen grain is carried to egg
SEEDS
 Contains zygote or embryo, food supply and
protective coat (seed coat) to prevent drying out

Seed coat

embryo

Food supply
SEEDS (CONT)

 Seeds allow offspring of plants to be dispersed


to new locations by wind, water, and animals
 increases BIODIVERSITY!
GYMNOSPERMS

 Gymnos = naked sperma = seed


 ex-cedar, cypress, pine, & spruce
POLLINATION IN GYMNOSPERMS

 female
&
male
cones—
most are wind
pollinated where
pollen is carried by
wind from male
cone to female
cone
ANGIOSPERMS (“ENCLOSED SEEDS”)
 Have flowers – reproductive structure brightly
colored or heavily scented to attract pollinators
 Pollination occurs through animals
Flower Parts
male flower part - Stamen
stigma Carpel/pistil - female
style flower part

Anther-
produces pollen

Filament

Petal

ovary

Pg. 612 Ovule Sepals-modified leaves


(egg)
ANGIOSPERMS (CONT.)
 Have fruit
 Afterfertilization, the ovary of the
flower develops into the fruit
 Purpose is seed dispersal – when
animals eat fruit and then defecate,
seeds are passed. THIS IS THE
REASON FRUITS EXIST!
7. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A FRUIT?

A. kiwi

B. lettuce

C. tomato

D. pumpkin

E. strawberry
Figure 22–25 Comparison of
Monocots and Dicots
Section 22-5

Monocots Dicots

Single Two
Seeds
cotyledon cotyledons

Leaves Parallel Branched


veins veins

Floral parts Floral parts often


Flowers often in in multiples
multiples of 3 of 4 or 5

Vascular Vascular
bundles bundles
Stems scattered arranged in
throughout stem a ring

Roots Fibrous roots Taproot

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Section:

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