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Calligraphy Introduction

Calligraphy is a visual art related to expressive handwriting. The document discusses different calligraphy styles from around the world including East Asian, Middle Eastern, European and others. It also discusses the history and tools used for calligraphy such as pens, brushes, ink and paper. Modern calligraphy has revived the art and it continues to be used for wedding invitations, graphic designs, religious art and more.

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MJ Botor
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1K views

Calligraphy Introduction

Calligraphy is a visual art related to expressive handwriting. The document discusses different calligraphy styles from around the world including East Asian, Middle Eastern, European and others. It also discusses the history and tools used for calligraphy such as pens, brushes, ink and paper. Modern calligraphy has revived the art and it continues to be used for wedding invitations, graphic designs, religious art and more.

Uploaded by

MJ Botor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Calligraphy

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


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"Calligrapher" redirects here. For the novel, see The Calligrapher.
Further information: Handwriting and Script typeface

Calligraphy

 Arabic
 Chinese
 Filipino
 Georgian
 Indian
 Islamic
 Japanese
 Korean
 Mongolian
 Persian
 Tibetan
 Western

 v
 t
 e

Calligraphy of the German word "Urkunde" (deed)

Calligraphy (from Greek: καλλιγραφία) is a visual art related to writing. It is the design and
execution of lettering with a broad tip instrument, brush, or other writing instruments.[1]:17 A
contemporary calligraphic practice can be defined as "the art of giving form to signs in an
expressive, harmonious, and skillful manner".[1]:18
Modern calligraphy ranges from functional inscriptions and designs to fine-art pieces where the
letters may or may not be readable.[1][page needed] Classical calligraphy differs from typography and non-
classical hand-lettering, though a calligrapher may practice both.[2][3][4][5]
Calligraphy continues to flourish in the forms of wedding invitations and event invitations, font design
and typography, original hand-lettered logo design, religious art, announcements, graphic
design and commissioned calligraphic art, cut stone inscriptions, and memorial documents. It is also
used for props and moving images for film and
television, testimonials, birth and death certificates, maps, and other written works.[6][7]

Contents

 1Tools
 2World traditions
o 2.1Europe
 2.1.1History
 2.1.2Style
 2.1.3Influences
o 2.2East Asia
 2.2.1History
 2.2.2Technique
 2.2.2.1Styles
 2.2.3Influences
o 2.3Southeast Asia
 2.3.1Philippines
 2.3.2Thailand
 2.3.3Vietnam
o 2.4South Asia
 2.4.1India
 2.4.2Nepal
 2.4.3Tibet
o 2.5Islamic world
o 2.6Ethiopia/Abyssinia
o 2.7Persia
 2.7.1Contemporary scripts
o 2.8Mayan civilization
 3Modern calligraphy
o 3.1Revival
o 3.2Subsequent developments
 4See also
 5Notes
 6References
 7External links

Tools[edit]
A calligraphic pen head, with parts names.

The principal tools for a calligrapher are the pen and the brush. Calligraphy pens write with nibs that
may be flat, round, or pointed.[8][9][10] For some decorative purposes, multi-nibbed pens—steel
brushes—can be used. However, works have also been created with felt-tip and ballpoint pens,
although these works do not employ angled lines. There are some styles of calligraphy, such as
Gothic script, that require a stub nib pen.
Writing ink is usually water-based and is much less viscous than the oil-based inks used in printing.
High quality paper, which has good consistency of absorption,[clarification needed] enables cleaner
lines,[11] although parchment or vellum is often used, as a knife can be used to erase imperfections
and a light-box is not needed to allow lines to pass through it. Normally, light boxes and templates
are used to achieve straight lines without pencil markings detracting from the work. Ruled paper,
either for a light box or direct use, is most often ruled every quarter or half inch, although inch
spaces are occasionally used. This is the case with litterea unciales (hence the name), and college-
ruled paper often acts as a guideline well.[12]
Common calligraphy pens and brushes are:

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