NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS

International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]

ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 7, July-2017
DESIGN OF ECG ACQUISITION AND HEART RATE MONITORING USING
WIRELESS STEERING SYSTEM
MR. RAJESH RATNAKAR KHISTE
M. E. Student, Department of Electronics Engineering, Tatyasaheb Kore Institute of Engineering and Technology,
Warananagar

PROF. R. T. PATIL
Asst. Prof. Department of Electronics Engineering, Tatyasaheb Kore Institute of Engineering and Technology, Warananagar

ABSTRACT: procedure, as required for the easy-to-use method

Prevention is especially critical for presented.
cardiovascular diseases and electrocardiogram
(ECG) is the most undisputed and widely accepted
tool to detect and diagnose them. Apart from their
enormous impact in older people life expectancy,
cardiovascular diseases are also the main cause of
death for the population among 44 and 64 years and
detecting their symptoms in time is critical to avoid
irreparable damages or death. Never the-less,
methods and systems to acquire an ECG signal with Fig. 1. Steering wheel wireless node prototype
good enough quality in a fast and easy-to-use
manner, so that they can be used in domestic or EXPERIMENTAL WORK:
other non-clinical environments, are nowadays far In this work, we present a novel wireless system
from common. This is mainly because traditional to perform fast short-term ECG acquisition and heart
ECG acquisition systems usually require the use of rate monitoring intended to be easy-to-use for non-
several cables and electrodes attached to the body, technical users. The system uses dry electrodes placed
sometimes with conducting gel to increase the on a plastic steering wheel, so that the Lead I ECG signal
contact, making them embarrassing and difficult to is acquired in monitor mode simply by placing the hands
use. on it. Although dry electrodes minimize preparation
KEYWORDS: Plastic steering wheel, Heart rate time, they can suffer from a higher level of power line
monitoring, ECG analysis etc. 50/60 Hz interference compared to other types of
electrodes, especially when used in short-term
INTRODUCTION: measurements [4].To overcome this drawback, we have
A model photograph of the wireless type used the dual ground configuration [5] in which two
steering based ECG monitoring device is shown in fig.1. signal and two ground electrodes are placed
In the system shown in fig.1. Four dry type electrodes is symmetrically in the battery-supplied steering wheel.
used as it has so many advantages when compared to This configuration has the advantages of both reducing
wet type of electrode. All the four electrodes will be the 50/60 Hz interferences [6] and also of avoiding the
assembled on stainless steel electrodes and they are use of an electrode in the right leg. The steering wheel
mounted in pair fashion on a plastic wheel, considering has been designed as a wireless node that acquires and
dual ground configuration. This configuration technique transmits the ECG signal to an access point connected to
used a ground electrode very close to each of the two a personal computer. The PC is in charge of processing
electrodes. This configuration is used to avail the and displaying the ECG with the possibility of
advantage of reduced 50/60hx interference with respect transmitting it through Internet to a medical center. In
to the typical three electrodes configuration for lead I order to obtain the heart rate from the ECG signal, then
ECG. In lead I ECG signal uses one of the ground system implements a novel algorithm based on the
electrode to be placed at right leg. Furthermore in this continuous wavelet transform (CWT), which has been
configuration possess the major advantage to allow designed and tested to offer a robust performance
acquiring the ECG signal very easily by placing the left against electromyography (EMG) noise and baseline
and right hands on the electrodes with no right-leg wandering, which are the most common noise and
electrode and without any previous preparation interference sources when acquiring the EGC in the
hands.

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 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]
ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 7, July-2017
Fig. 2 shows the block diagram of the system. leg electrode and without any previous preparation
The minimal configuration consists of one steering procedure, as required for the easy-to-use method
wheel wireless node and one access point connected to a presented. The proposed system is intended to acquire
personal computer. In the wireless node, there are two the Lead I ECG signal in monitor mode (frequency
pairs of electrodes connected using the dual ground bandwidth between 0.5 Hz and 40 Hz [6] and to achieve
configuration to measure the Lead I ECG in the hands. this; the analog front-end employs several consecutive
The ECG signal measured is band-pass filtered and stages to filtered and to adapt the Lead ECG signal level
amplified prior to be acquired with the analog-to-digital to that of the ADC.
converter (ADC) of a low-power microcontroller and to
send it to the access point by means of a RF transceiver. SIGNAL CONDITIONER & FILTER:
The access point transmits the data to a PC which is in Signal conditioner is the amplifier used to
charge of displaying the ECG signal and of implementing improve the signal strength of the output signal coming
the novel heart rate detection algorithm. Next sections from ECG Dry Electrodes. This amplifier will be single
are devoted to provide extended details of each stage or multistage amplifier as per signal capacity &
constitutive part of the system. potential level. Two buffers with OP-AMP 324 or
The steering wheel will be designed as a INA122, are needed first to reduce the interferences that
wireless node that acquires and transmits the ECG signal could enter into the system due to the impedance
to an access point connected to a personal computer. The mismatch between the electrodes. Then by using
PC is in charge of processing and displaying the ECG with differential amplifier configuration we will improve the
the possibility of transmitting it through Internet or text potential level of signal. After the buffers, a first order
message to a medical center. In order to obtain the heart high-pass differential filter is needed to achieve the
rate from the ECG signal, a novel algorithm based on the lower 0.5 Hz limit of the desired monitoring bandwidth
continuous wavelet transform (CWT) will be used, which [7] and to reduce baseline wandering. The differential
will be designed and tested to offer a robust amplifying block is implemented using the low power
performance against electromyografic (EMG) noise and instrumentation amplifier INA122 or OP-324 with the
baseline wandering, which are the most common noise gain set limit of the monitoring mode is achieved by a
and interference sources when acquiring the EGC in the Sallen-Key cell with a low-power OPA336 Op Amp,
hands. designed for battery powered applications. The
common-mode-rejection-ratio (MRR) for the total
circuit in the desired frequency range is about 80 dB,
mainly due to the relatively low values of CMRR of this
low-power instrumentation amplifier, optimized for
portable devices, compared to those usual in general
purpose instrumentation amplifiers.

Fig.2. Block diagram of implemented system

DRY ELECTRODE:
Four dry stainless steel electrodes are to be
mounted in pairs on a plastic wheel according to the dual
ground configuration. In this configuration, a ground
electrode is to be placed very close to each of the two Fig. 3 Lead I ECG signal
recording electrodes. This configuration has the
advantage of a reduced interference with respect to the HEART RATE ALGORITHM IMPLEMENTATION:
typical three electrodes configuration for the Lead I ECG, The heart rate detection algorithm will be
which uses one ground electrode placed in the right leg. implemented based on the use of the CWT. Wavelet
Furthermore, this configuration has the key advantage of analysis, continuous or discrete, has been applied to ECG
allowing us to acquire the EGC signal simply by placing signals, among many other purposes, to obtain the heart
the left and right hands on the electrodes with no right-
66 | P a g e
 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]
ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 7, July-2017
rate. The more recently developed wavelet based transfer a ECG signal to a longer distance using wireless
algorithms overcome some of the drawbacks of the mode of transmission. In this paper heart detection is
classical detection algorithm such as the differences on accomplished by the CWT. Continuous and discrete
QRS frequency bands between users and the overlap of wavelet analysis is been used for detecting ECG signal for
noise on the same frequency bands of the signal. The obtaining heart rate.
new algorithm proposed is specially suited to the
particularities of acquired signal in the wireless steering REFERENCES:
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Fig. 4. flow chart of heart rate implementation based wireless system for online acquisition,
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367, 2009, 4.

Fig.5. Sample of received ECG signal from implemented

system

CONCLUSION:
In the presented paper, a new and unique
approached has been developed which will help to
monitor the health of elderly people. Two important
parameters of health are respiratory system and ECG
heart rate. The author has developed wireless system to
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